2015年中考英语二轮专题复习—被动语态

课件31张PPT。第九章 被动语态
中考考查重点：
1. 一般现在时的被动语态
2. 一般过去时的被动语态
3.含有情态动词的被动语态
4. 主动语态变被动语态的方法被动语态的基本结构：
助动词be + 过去分词
如果需要强调动作或行为的发出者，则在其后加by…，意为“被…”
这里助动词be有时态，人称和数的变化一：英语的谓语动词有两种语态We speak English.主语谓语宾语English is spoken by us.主语谓语宾语宾变主,主变宾,前加by
动变被,看清be, 结构分别be+ pp主动语态被动语态主变被解题步骤:1. 找宾语 ----即动作的承受者They make shoes in that factory. Shoes2. 判断宾语的单复数 ----即be动词的单复数.are
were3. 判断动词的时态 ----即be动词的时态.4. 修改谓语的时态 ----即原句动词改为过去分词 made5. 修改原句的主语 ----即by+ 主语/ 宾语. by them.? Tom broke the window.??
??
The window was broken by Tom.
? Tom broke the windows.?
???
The windows were broken by Tom.
? He broke the windows.??
??
The windows were broken by him. 一般现在时： am / is / are done
一般过去时： was / were done
现在进行时： am / is / are being done
过去进行时： was / were being done
现在完成时： have / has been done
过去完成时： had been done
一般将来时： shall / will be done ;
be going to be done
当句中含有情态动词时，句子结构为 can / must / have to…be done1.They make shoes in that factory.
主语+及物动词+宾语
Shoes are made (by them) in that factory.
一般现在时：
S(主语）+am/is /are +过去分词变为被动语态2. They bought ten computers last term．
Ten computers were bought (by them) last term.
一般过去时：S+was/were +过去分词4．Aby can take good care of Tina ．Tina can be taken good care of by Aby.
情态动词：
S+ can/may/must/should + be+过去分词3.They will finish the work in ten days.
The work will be finished (by them)
in ten days.
一般将来时：
S+ will+be+过去分词They are going to have an evening party tomorrow.An evening party is going to be had tomorrow.be going to be + 过去分词
Some workers are painting the rooms now．
The rooms are being painted by some workers now.
现在进行时：
S+ am/is/are + being +过去分词We have made twenty more keys．
Twenty more keys have been made by us.
现在完成时：
S+ have/has + been+过去分词1.People use knives for cutting things.
Knives ______ ______ for cutting things.
2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.
The windows of their classroom______ _______ twice a month. are usedarecleaned(变被动语态）3.I found the ticket on the floor.
______ ______ ______ ______ on the floor.
4.I told her to return the book in time.
She ______ _______ to return the book in time.The ticket was found was told3. We found the ticket on the floor .5. His doctor made him have only two meals a day.
He ______ _______ _______ _______ only two meals a day.
6.Now people can use computers to help them.
Now computers _______ ______ ______ to help them. was made to have can be used7. Did you plant many trees at this time last year?
_______ ______ _______ _______ at this time last time?
8.Must we finish our work today?
_______ our work______ _______ today?Were many trees plantedMust be finished9. The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps.
1) _______ ______ _______ some wonderful stamps.
2) Some wonderful stamps _______ ________ _______ _______. we were given were given to us10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer.
Tom _______ ________ to turn on the computer.
11.In this factory women do most of the work.
Most of the work _______ ________ by women in this factory. was asked is done12.He can mend the bike in two days.
The bike ______ ______ _______ in two days.
13.You must take this medicine three times a day.
This medicine _______ _______ ________ three times a day. can be mended must be taken14.The students in this school study German.
German _______ ________ by the students in this school.
15.Do they often talk about this question?
______ this question often _______ about _______ _______? is studiedIs talked by them四．几种值得注意的被动语态变化．１（省略to动词不定式变被动语态，to被还原）（１）make sb. do sth. sb. be made to do sth.Mr Green made Jim do his homework at home.Jim was made to do his homework by Mr Green at home.watch let have
hear see notice(2) see sb. doing sth. sb. be seen doing sth.I saw him playing football at that moment.He was seen playing football at that moment.hear / watch /….We often hear them sing this song.They are often heard to sing this song (by us).This song is often heard (by us) to be sung (by them).Bob sent Kate a letter last year.=Kate was sent a letter by Bob last year.=A letter was sent to Kate by Bob last year.tell ask bring write
give teach pass lend…toHe told Jim a story.带双宾语的被动语态：间接宾语（人）作为被动语态的主语，则不加to/for
若直接宾语（物）作为被动语态的主语时，间接宾语前需加to/forMum made me a new dress.I was made a new dress by Mum.
A new dress was made for me by Mum.make
buy
draw…forI bought my brother a book.注意:John turned on the radio.The radio was turned on.Grandma takes care of my sister.My sister is taken care of by Grandma.注：短语动词变为被动语态时，不可把短语动词分开，也不要遗漏短语动词中的介词或副词。We must speak to old people politely.Old people must be spoken to politely.They said that he would come back soon.It was said that he would come back soon.类似的还有：It is reported /
believed /
hoped /
supposed that ......We report 4.某些动词形式是主动，但含有被动的意思。这块表需要修理一下。The watch needs mending .=The watch needs to be mended.=We need to mend the watch.5.系动词没有被动态和进行时态The fish tastes good.The scarf feels soft.He told us to get to school early.Our parents ask us to stay at home at night. We were told to get to school early by him.We are asked to stay at home at night. ---Did you go to the party?
---No, I ____________(invite)wasn’t invitedThe bridge ______________ in three weeks.
(finish)You can go out if your homework ______(do) will be finished is doneThis is one of the things that _________(see) that day. were seenWhen was PRC _________(found)? was seenThis is the only one of the things that _________(see) that day. foundedYou should get your shoes _______(wash) washed