湖南省普通高中学业水平合格性考试(压轴卷)
英 语
本试卷由试题卷和答题卡两部分组成。试卷分三个部分，共6页。时量90分钟，满分100分。所有试题均须在答题卡上作答。
第一部分 阅读技能(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 阅读理解(共12小题；每小题3分，满分36分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
We are surrounded by the news about COVID-19 and other viruses (病毒), but how much do you really know about them Viruses that infect (传染) humans nearly always cause illness. Fortunately, just as we know a lot about how viruses harm us, so do we know how to prevent them. These facts are a good place to start.
·Being infected without signs is possible
Some viruses, including those that cause herpes, COVID-19, and AIDS, can be spread through asymptomatic (无症状的) people and presymptomatic (症状发生前的) people, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Some of them may even be “super-spreaders”, infecting dozens to hundreds of other people without even realizing it. Take action to prevent spreading viruses even when you don’t feel sick.
·Hand washing is protective
Wash your hands. This is a piece of advice given by World Health Organization (WHO). Make sure to wash your hands with soap for at least 20 seconds and dry your hands on a clean towel. Don’t use air dryers in public restrooms.
·Regular exercise is helpful
Do regular exercise. Regular exercise, which can include taking quick walks, has been shown to improve your immune system, thus reducing your possibilities of developing a cold or the flu. But don’t overdo it, for example, training for a long marathon without professional guidance.
·Herd immunity (群体免疫) is hard to achieve
You may have read that you needn’t get vaccinated (疫苗) if you live in a place where most people have had the disease or the vaccine, allowing you to make use of herd immunity. But effective herd immunity requires that more than 90 percent of the population be vaccinated against a disease.
1. Which of the following is TRUE about “super-spreaders”according to the text
A. They have many signs of the illness.
B. They may infect a lot of people.
C. They prevent spreading the viruses.
D. They realize they are spreading viruses.
2. The following ways are helpful to prevent viruses except .
A. washing hands for enough time
B. doing exercise regularly
C. avoiding using air dryers in public restrooms
D. training for a long marathon without professional guidance
3. A man can have herd immunity against a disease when .
A. lots of people in his place have the vaccine
B. over 9/10 of the people in his place are vaccinated
C. people in his place are fighting against the disease
D. most people in his place are infected by the disease
4. What is the text mainly about
A. Some virus facts that we should know.
B. Some news about COVID-19 and other viruses.
C. Some facts about how to fight against COVID-19.
D. Some facts that cause COVID-19 and other viruses.
B
Suddenly Uncle Henry stood up. “There’s a cyclone coming Emily,” he called to his wife. “I’ ll go to look after the stock.” Then he ran towards the sheds where the cows and horses were kept.
Aunt Emily dropped her work and came to the door. One glance told her about the danger close at hand. “Quick, Dorothy!” she screamed. ”Run for the cellar(地窖)!“ Toto jumped out of Dorothy’s arms and hid under the bed, and the girl started to get him. Aunt Emily, badly frightened, threw open the door in the floor and climbed down the ladder into the small, dark hole. Dorothy caught Toto at last and started to follow her aunt.
Then a strange thing happened. The house circled around two or three times and rose slowly through the air. Dorothy felt as if she were going up in a balloon. It was very dark and the wind blew horribly around her, but Dorothy found she was riding quite easily. After the first few twists and turns, and one other time when the house tipped(倾斜)badly, she felt as if she were being rocked gently, like a baby in a cradle(摇篮).
At last she crawled over the swinging floor to her bed and lay down upon it; and Toto followed and lay down beside her. In spite of the swinging of the house and the crying of the wind, Dorothy soon closed her eyes and fell fast asleep.
5. What does the underlined word“cyclone”in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A. 飓风 B. 洪水 C. 怪兽 D. 地震
6. Why did Aunt Emily go into the hole in the floor when the cyclone approached
A. To find the puppy Toto. B. To find shelter from the cyclone.
C. To protect their fortune. D. To get tools to help Henry.
7. Which of the following is TRUE about Dorothy
A. She managed to control the house. B. She found herself flying in a balloon.
C. She became a baby crying loudly. D. She remained undisturbed with Toto.
8. Which word can best describe Dorothy in the emergeney
A. Frightened. B. Curious. C. Calm. D. Excited.
C
Super Space Seeds
How to grow food in space if humans will one day live there. A recent experiment at the Tiangong space station makes a big step forward.
Chinese astronauts have successfully grown rice seedlings (幼苗) during the Shenzhou XIV mission. Since the rice experiment began on July 29, the seedlings of the tall shoot rice variety (高秆水稻品种) have reached a height of 30 centimeters. The seedlings of the dwarf rice variety (矮秆水稻品种) have grown to 5 centimeters, China Daily reported on Aug. 30.
While there have been other rice experiments in space, this one is the first of its kind to produce the complete life cycle of a plant — it begins with a seed and ends with a mature plant producing new seeds.
Such food-growing experiments are not just for astronauts. They can also solve food problems on Earth. By sending seeds to space, we can create mutated (突变的) seeds, thanks to micro-gravity, lack of air and cosmic rays (宇宙射线). The seeds can then produce higher yields (产量) on Earth.
For more than 30 years, China has developed over 260 new types of seeds in space. They are planted every year in fields that cover tens of millions of hectares.
According to an engineer from Hainan Aerospace (航天) Engineering Breeding Research Center, 30 percent of strawberries sold in Beijing are “space strawberries”, which are as big as eggs. The center has also produced “space tomatoes” with yields increased by 30 percent, and “space bananas” with a growth cycle shortened from 13 months to 9 months.
9. How high did the tall shoot rice variety grow for the first month
A. 5 cm. B. 25 cm. C. 30 cm. D. 35 cm.
10. What does the underlined part “this one” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A. The dwarf rice variety. B. The tall shoot rice variety.
C. The last rice experiment in space. D. The rice experiment on Shenzhou XIV.
11. How does the current rice experiment differ from other experiments
A. Its seedlings have successfully come up.
B. It goes through a complete life cycle.
C. Its seedlings are growing very well.
D. It uses completely new rice varieties.
12. What is the main idea of the last paragraph
A. Space planting is benefiting us.
B. Space planting has disadvantages.
C. People will never run out of food.
D. People are afraid of food bred in space.
第二节 小标题填空(共3小题；每小题3分，满分9分)
下面文章中有3处(第13~15题)需要添加小标题。请从以下选项(A、B、C和D)中选出符合各段意思的小标题，并在答题卡上将相应选项的标号涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。
下面文章中有3处需要添加小标题。请从以下选项(A、B、C和D)中选出符合各段意思的小标题，选项中有一项是多余选项。
Ways of Staying Safe in College
If you plan on attending a university in a large city, please follow these tips.
____13____
Whether you live in the countryside or live near the school, you will want to know the weather so you can be ready for the day.
Carry a little extra cash
Chances are if you go to school in the city, you will be taking public transportation almost every day. The last thing you want is to lose your bus or train pass. Carrying some extra cash is great for feeling secure. It also allows you to buy lunch if you need to or get last-minute supplies while you’re out.
____14____
Unfortunately, crime is more likely to happen in the city. Be aware of your surroundings. Keep an eye out for any strange behavior. Plus, you should be paying attention to walking traffic. Don’t embarrass yourself by running into others. Keep your head up! Keep this in mind when you are on public transportation as well.
____15____
Oftentimes people will decide to walk across the street even though the crosswalk sign says not to. However, not all of these people have the best judgement. A car may be moving much quicker than it looks or there may be a car you just don’t see. Don’t be in such a hurry. It’s not worth getting hurt!
A Check the weather.
B. Don’t ignore crosswalks.
C. Get around now and then.
D. Don’t bury your face in your phone.
第二部分 知识运用(共两节，满分25分)
第一节 完形填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Last night, on my way home I stopped because of being attracted by some hamburgers at a fast food restaurant. On my way in, a(n) ___16___ man approached me and asked, “Do you have any bottles lying around ” I knew he would ___17___ them for a few cents, but I didn’t have any, so I said no. And again he asked, “Can you spare some ___18___ ” I smiled, and said no again. He was very ___19___; he smiled back and said, “OK, thank you.” Even though he didn’t have anything, he was still in good ___20___. From the way he spoke I could tell he was ___21___.
Then I bought one hamburger and enjoyed my meal, but in the back of my ___22___ I wondered whether the homeless man was hungry. After I finished my ___23___ I decided to order another one for him. At this point I didn’t know if he was still around, but I ___24___ anyway.
At the ____25____ I ordered a hamburger and also a hot chocolate, because it was cold outside, and I thought it would help warm him up.
16. A. impolite B. homeless C. poor D. cold
17. A. rent B. apply C. account D. recycle
18. A. time B. food C. money D. change
19. A. grateful B. disappointed C. respectful D. angry
20. A. spirits B. shape C. Taste D. appearance
21. A. sad B. smart C. happy D. satisfied
22. A. seat B. mind C. bag D. time
23. A. work B. dish C. meal D. thought
24. A. tried B. called C. paid D. failed
25. A. store B. restaurant C. doorway D. counter
第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Internet ____26____ (connect) people across the world to a single ____27____(share) community so far. We can achieve almost anything online — with access ____28____ the Internet come some ____29____(true)life-changing advantages. One of the greatest ____30____(advantage) of the Internet lies in the quick and easy way to get information, With the click of a mouse ____31____ the touch of a button, it is possible ____32____(find) out almost anything we care to know.
The Internet has made our lives unbelievably convenient. The Internet also helps us establish and maintain ____33____(society) ties. Wherever we are, the Internet keeps us in contact with the ones ____34____ we loved. However, while it brings valuable advantages, being connected has its problems. We must be aware of these problems and use the Internet properly and responsibly. Only in this way can the Internet be ____35____ place of discovery, wonder and inspiration for everyone.
第三部分 写作技能(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 双向翻译(共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分)
请根据上下文内容，将文中划线部分译成汉语或者英语。
Our annual school Science Festival finished on Friday and ____36____ 再一次带来了惊人的乐趣. This year’s ”space“ theme was truly excellent and ____37____ showed off all of the students’ creative talent.
On Wednesday morning. Dr. Li arrived to talk about ____38____ 生命是否可以存在于其他行星上. Everyone loved his lecture about conditions on different planets. ____39____ He also answered students’ questions on outer space.
In Thursday’s Science Workshop ____40____ students tried different experiments with great interest. The most popular experiment was ”planets in a bottle”, in which students tried to create the conditions of different planets inside glass bottles. The experiment allowed students to get a taste of what it was like to live in outer space.
The Science Festival also attracted much interest from students.
第二节 情景作文(共1小题，满分20分)
41. 假定你是学生会主席李华，你校英语社团排练的话剧King Lear在市话剧比赛中获得二等奖。请根据下面的信息，给提供帮助的外教Susan写封邮件。
Aim express one’s heartfelt thanks to…
Details ·win the second prize in our city ·thanks for your generous support and patient guidance ·spend countless hours perfecting our pronunciation and analyzing the characters in the play
Thanks and wishes ·appreciate your generous help ·wish I could repay it one day
注意：1.词数100左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数;
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Susan,
I am Li Hua, chairman of the Student Union.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________湖南省普通高中学业水平合格性考试(压轴卷)
英 语
本试卷由试题卷和答题卡两部分组成。试卷分三个部分，共6页。时量90分钟，满分100分。所有试题均须在答题卡上作答。
第一部分 阅读技能(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 阅读理解(共12小题；每小题3分，满分36分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
We are surrounded by the news about COVID-19 and other viruses (病毒), but how much do you really know about them Viruses that infect (传染) humans nearly always cause illness. Fortunately, just as we know a lot about how viruses harm us, so do we know how to prevent them. These facts are a good place to start.
·Being infected without signs is possible
Some viruses, including those that cause herpes, COVID-19, and AIDS, can be spread through asymptomatic (无症状的) people and presymptomatic (症状发生前的) people, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Some of them may even be “super-spreaders”, infecting dozens to hundreds of other people without even realizing it. Take action to prevent spreading viruses even when you don’t feel sick.
·Hand washing is protective
Wash your hands. This is a piece of advice given by World Health Organization (WHO). Make sure to wash your hands with soap for at least 20 seconds and dry your hands on a clean towel. Don’t use air dryers in public restrooms.
·Regular exercise is helpful
Do regular exercise. Regular exercise, which can include taking quick walks, has been shown to improve your immune system, thus reducing your possibilities of developing a cold or the flu. But don’t overdo it, for example, training for a long marathon without professional guidance.
·Herd immunity (群体免疫) is hard to achieve
You may have read that you needn’t get vaccinated (疫苗) if you live in a place where most people have had the disease or the vaccine, allowing you to make use of herd immunity. But effective herd immunity requires that more than 90 percent of the population be vaccinated against a disease.
1. Which of the following is TRUE about “super-spreaders”according to the text
A. They have many signs of the illness.
B. They may infect a lot of people.
C. They prevent spreading the viruses.
D. They realize they are spreading viruses.
2. The following ways are helpful to prevent viruses except .
A washing hands for enough time
B. doing exercise regularly
C. avoiding using air dryers in public restrooms
D. training for a long marathon without professional guidance
3. A man can have herd immunity against a disease when .
A. lots of people in his place have the vaccine
B. over 9/10 of the people in his place are vaccinated
C. people in his place are fighting against the disease
D. most people in his place are infected by the disease
4. What is the text mainly about
A. Some virus facts that we should know.
B. Some news about COVID-19 and other viruses.
C. Some facts about how to fight against COVID-19.
D. Some facts that cause COVID-19 and other viruses.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B 4. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是一些关于病毒的信息，并说明了我们应如何防止病毒感染。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Being infected without signs is possible 部分中的“Some of them may even be “super-spreaders”, infecting dozens to hundreds of other people without even realizing it. (他们中的一些人甚至可能是“超级传播者”，在不知不觉中感染了数十到数百人。)”可知，超级传播者会在不经意间感染很多的人。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Hand washing is protective 部分中的“Make sure to wash your hands with soap for at least 20 seconds and dry your hands on a clean towel. Don’t use air dryers in public restrooms. (一定要用肥皂洗手至少20秒，然后用干净的毛巾擦干双手。不要在公厕使用烘干机。)”可知，用肥皂洗手至少20秒并且在干净的毛巾上擦干是有预防作用的，不要在公共卫生间的烘干机；根据Regular exercise is helpful部分中的“Regular exercise, which can include taking quick walks, has been shown to improve your immune system, thus reducing your possibilities of developing a cold or the flu. (有规律的运动，包括快速散步，已经被证明可以提高你的免疫系统，从而减少患感冒或流感的可能性。)”可知，有规律的锻炼有助于预防病毒，所以A项、B项和C项均在文中提到，只有D选项中的“training for a long marathon without professional guidance (在没有专业指导的情况下进行长距离马拉松训练)”文中未提到。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Herd immunity (群体免疫) is hard to achieve 部分中的“But effective herd immunity requires that more than 90 percent of the population be vaccinated against a disease. (但有效的群体免疫需要90%以上的人口接种疫苗来预防疾病。)”可知，有效群体免疫需要90%以上的人接种疫苗来预防疾病。故选B项。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段中的“Fortunately, just as we know a lot about how viruses harm us, so do we know how to prevent them. These facts are a good place to start. (幸运的是，就像我们知道很多关于病毒如何伤害我们一样，我们也知道如何预防它们。这些事实是一个很好的起点。)”以及下文中对如何预防病毒的建议可知，本文主要介绍的是我们应该知道的一些关于病毒的事实。故选A项。
B
Suddenly Uncle Henry stood up. “There’s a cyclone coming, Emily,” he called to his wife. “I’ ll go to look after the stock.” Then he ran towards the sheds where the cows and horses were kept.
Aunt Emily dropped her work and came to the door. One glance told her about the danger close at hand. “Quick, Dorothy!” she screamed. ”Run for the cellar(地窖)!“ Toto jumped out of Dorothy’s arms and hid under the bed, and the girl started to get him. Aunt Emily, badly frightened, threw open the door in the floor and climbed down the ladder into the small, dark hole. Dorothy caught Toto at last and started to follow her aunt.
Then a strange thing happened. The house circled around two or three times and rose slowly through the air. Dorothy felt as if she were going up in a balloon. It was very dark, and the wind blew horribly around her, but Dorothy found she was riding quite easily. After the first few twists and turns, and one other time when the house tipped(倾斜)badly, she felt as if she were being rocked gently, like a baby in a cradle(摇篮).
At last she crawled over the swinging floor to her bed, and lay down upon it; and Toto followed and lay down beside her. In spite of the swinging of the house and the crying of the wind, Dorothy soon closed her eyes and fell fast asleep.
5. What does the underlined word“cyclone”in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A. 飓风 B. 洪水 C. 怪兽 D. 地震
6. Why did Aunt Emily go into the hole in the floor when the cyclone approached
A. To find the puppy Toto. B. To find shelter from the cyclone.
C. To protect their fortune. D. To get tools to help Henry.
7. Which of the following is TRUE about Dorothy
A. She managed to control the house. B. She found herself flying in a balloon.
C. She became a baby crying loudly. D. She remained undisturbed with Toto.
8. Which word can best describe Dorothy in the emergeney
A. Frightened. B. Curious. C. Calm. D. Excited.
【答案】5. A 6. B 7. D 8. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一场飓风袭来，家中的Henry舅舅、Emily舅妈、小Dorothy和Toto做出了不同的反应。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句“There’s a cyclone coming, Emily,(Emily，cyclone来了)”和第三段中“It was very dark, and the wind blew horribly around her(外面很黑，风在她周围可怕地呼啸着)”并联系文中场景的描述和人物的反应可知，cyclone应该指“飓风”，与A选项最接近。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Aunt Emily, badly frightened, threw open the door in the floor and climbed down the ladder into the small, dark hole(Emily舅妈吓坏了，她打开地板上的门，顺着梯子爬进又小又黑的洞)”可知，风暴来临时，Emily舅妈钻进了地板下的洞里（结合前文应该是地窖），此举是找到躲避风暴的庇护所。故选B。
7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“At last she crawled over the swinging floor to her bed, and lay down upon it; and Toto followed and lay down beside her. In spite of the swinging of the house and the crying of the wind, Dorothy soon closed her eyes and fell fast asleep.(最后她爬过晃动的地板来到床上，然后躺在了上面；Toto跟着躺在了旁边。尽管房子还在摇晃，风声还在呼啸，Dorothy还是很快闭上眼睛进入了梦乡)”可知，Dorothy和Toto并未受到风暴的影响，淡然地上床睡觉了，与D选项描述相符。故选D。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文中对Dorothy反应的描述，第二段中“Toto jumped out of Dorothy’s arms and hid under the bed, and the girl started to get him. Aunt Em, badly frightened, threw open the door in the floor and climbed down the ladder into the small, dark hole.Dorothy caught Toto at last and started to follow her aunt.(Toto从Dorothy的怀里跳出来，藏在床底下，Dorothy开始去抓它。Emily舅妈吓坏了，打开地板上的门，顺着梯子梯子爬进了那个又小又黑的洞里。Dorothy最终抓住了Toto，开始跟上她的舅妈)”、第三段“It was very dark, and the wind blew horribly around her, but Dorothy found she was riding quite easily.(天很黑，风在她周围可怕地呼啸着，但是Dorothy发现她漂得很轻松)”和倒数第二段“In spite of the swinging of the house and the crying of the wind, Dorothy soon closed her eyes and fell fast asleep.(尽管房子在摇晃，风声在呼啸，但Dorothy很快就闭上眼睛睡着了）”可知，Dorothy在整个风暴过程中都表现得冷静淡定，最后甚至若无其事地很快睡着了。故选C。
C
Super Space Seeds
How to grow food in space if humans will one day live there. A recent experiment at the Tiangong space station makes a big step forward.
Chinese astronauts have successfully grown rice seedlings (幼苗) during the Shenzhou XIV mission. Since the rice experiment began on July 29, the seedlings of the tall shoot rice variety (高秆水稻品种) have reached a height of 30 centimeters. The seedlings of the dwarf rice variety (矮秆水稻品种) have grown to 5 centimeters, China Daily reported on Aug. 30.
While there have been other rice experiments in space, this one is the first of its kind to produce the complete life cycle of a plant — it begins with a seed and ends with a mature plant producing new seeds.
Such food-growing experiments are not just for astronauts. They can also solve food problems on Earth. By sending seeds to space, we can create mutated (突变的) seeds, thanks to micro-gravity, lack of air and cosmic rays (宇宙射线). The seeds can then produce higher yields (产量) on Earth.
For more than 30 years, China has developed over 260 new types of seeds in space. They are planted every year in fields that cover tens of millions of hectares.
According to an engineer from Hainan Aerospace (航天) Engineering Breeding Research Center, 30 percent of strawberries sold in Beijing are “space strawberries”, which are as big as eggs. The center has also produced “space tomatoes” with yields increased by 30 percent, and “space bananas” with a growth cycle shortened from 13 months to 9 months.
9. How high did the tall shoot rice variety grow for the first month
A. 5 cm. B. 25 cm. C. 30 cm. D. 35 cm.
10. What does the underlined part “this one” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A. The dwarf rice variety. B. The tall shoot rice variety.
C. The last rice experiment in space. D. The rice experiment on Shenzhou XIV.
11. How does the current rice experiment differ from other experiments
A. Its seedlings have successfully come up.
B. It goes through a complete life cycle.
C. Its seedlings are growing very well.
D. It uses completely new rice varieties.
12. What is the main idea of the last paragraph
A. Space planting is benefiting us.
B. Space planting has disadvantages.
C. People will never run out of food.
D. People are afraid of food bred in space.
【答案】9. C 10. D 11. B 12. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国宇航员在太空成功种植水稻幼苗，这样的食物种植实验不仅对宇航员有好处，还可以解决地球上的食物问题。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Since the rice experiment began on July 29, the seedlings of the tall shoot rice variety (高秆水稻品种) have reached a height of 30 centimeters.(自7月29日水稻试验开始以来，高秆水稻品种的幼苗已经达到了30厘米的高度)”可知，高秆水稻品种第一个月长了30厘米，故选C。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。第二段中“Chinese astronauts have successfully grown rice seedlings (幼苗) during the Shenzhou XIV mission.(中国宇航员在神舟十四号任务中成功种植水稻幼苗)”提到中国宇航员在神舟十四号任务中成功种植水稻幼苗，结合划线部分所在句“While there have been other rice experiments in space, this one is the first of its kind to produce the complete life cycle of a plant — it begins with a seed and ends with a mature plant producing new seeds.(虽然在太空中也有其他水稻实验，但这个是第一次产生植物完整的生命周期——从种子开始，到成熟的植物产生新种子结束)”可知，“one”指代名词“experiment”，故“这个实验”是指上文提到的神舟十四号上的水稻实验，故选D。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“While there have been other rice experiments in space, this one is the first of its kind to produce the complete life cycle of a plant — it begins with a seed and ends with a mature plant producing new seeds.(虽然在太空中也有其他水稻实验，但这个是第一次产生植物完整的生命周期——从种子开始，到成熟的植物产生新种子结束)”可知，当前的水稻实验经历了植物完整的生命周期，这一点不同于其他水稻实验，故选B。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“According to an engineer from Hainan Aerospace (航天) Engineering Breeding Research Center, 30 percent of strawberries sold in Beijing are ‘space strawberries’, which are as big as eggs. The center has also produced ‘space tomatoes’ with yields increased by 30 percent, and ‘space bananas’ with a growth cycle shortened from 13 months to 9 months.(据海南航天工程育种研究中心的一位工程师介绍，在北京销售的草莓中有30%是‘太空草莓’，它们和鸡蛋一样大。该中心还培育出了产量提高30%的‘太空番茄’和生长周期从13个月缩短到9个月的‘太空香蕉’)”可知，最后一段举例说明太空种植对我们有好处，故选A。
第二节 小标题填空(共3小题；每小题3分，满分9分)
下面文章中有3处(第13~15题)需要添加小标题。请从以下选项(A、B、C和D)中选出符合各段意思的小标题，并在答题卡上将相应选项的标号涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。
下面文章中有3处需要添加小标题。请从以下选项(A、B、C和D)中选出符合各段意思的小标题，选项中有一项是多余选项。
Ways of Staying Safe in College
If you plan on attending a university in a large city, please follow these tips.
____13____
Whether you live in the countryside or live near the school, you will want to know the weather so you can be ready for the day.
Carry a little extra cash
Chances are if you go to school in the city, you will be taking public transportation almost every day. The last thing you want is to lose your bus or train pass. Carrying some extra cash is great for feeling secure. It also allows you to buy lunch if you need to or get last-minute supplies while you’re out.
____14____
Unfortunately, crime is more likely to happen in the city. Be aware of your surroundings. Keep an eye out for any strange behavior. Plus, you should be paying attention to walking traffic. Don’t embarrass yourself by running into others. Keep your head up! Keep this in mind when you are on public transportation as well.
____15____
Oftentimes people will decide to walk across the street even though the crosswalk sign says not to. However, not all of these people have the best judgement. A car may be moving much quicker than it looks or there may be a car you just don’t see. Don’t be in such a hurry. It’s not worth getting hurt!
A. Check the weather.
B. Don’t ignore crosswalks.
C. Get around now and then.
D. Don’t bury your face in your phone.
【答案】13. A 14. D
15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了几个在大学保持安全的建议，如关注天气、携带少量现金、不要埋头看手机、关注人行横道。
【13题详解】
根据该小标题下段落“Whether you live in the countryside or live near the school, you will want to know the weather so you can be ready for the day”（无论你住在农村还是学校附近，你都会想知道天气，这样你就可以为这一天做好准备。）可知，此处谈论关注天气，A选项的“Check the weather”（检查天气），作为本段小标题，概括本段大意，与本段内容语义逻辑一致，故选A。
【14题详解】
根据该小标题下段落的最后两句“Keep your head up! Keep this in mind when you are on public transportation as well.”（抬起头来！当你乘坐公共交通工具时，也要记住这一点。）可知，此处谈论不要低头，D选项的“Don’t bury your face in your phone.”（不要把脸埋在手机里），与本段内容落语义逻辑一致，故选D。
【15题详解】
根据该小标题下段落的前两句“Oftentimes people will decide to walk across the street even though the crosswalk sign says not to. However, not all of these people have the best judgement.”（通常情况下，即使人行横道标志上写着不要穿过街道，人们也会决定穿过街道。然而，并不是所有这些人都有最好的判断。）可知，此处谈论对人行横道的关注，B选项的“Don’t ignore crosswalks.”（不要忽视人行横道），与本段内容语义逻辑一致，故选B。
第二部分 知识运用(共两节，满分25分)
第一节 完形填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Last night on my way home I stopped because of being attracted by some hamburgers at a fast food restaurant. On my way in, a(n) ___16___ man approached me and asked, “Do you have any bottles lying around ” I knew he would ___17___ them for a few cents, but I didn’t have any, so I said no. And again he asked, “Can you spare some ___18___ ” I smiled, and said no again. He was very ___19___; he smiled back and said, “OK, thank you.” Even though he didn’t have anything, he was still in good ___20___. From the way he spoke I could tell he was ___21___.
Then I bought one hamburger and enjoyed my meal, but in the back of my ___22___ I wondered whether the homeless man was hungry. After I finished my ___23___ I decided to order another one for him. At this point I didn’t know if he was still around, but I ___24___ anyway.
At the ____25____ I ordered a hamburger and also a hot chocolate, because it was cold outside, and I thought it would help warm him up.
16. A. impolite B. homeless C. poor D. cold
17. A. rent B. apply C. account D. recycle
18. A. time B. food C. money D. change
19. A. grateful B. disappointed C. respectful D. angry
20. A. spirits B. shape C. Taste D. appearance
21. A. sad B. smart C. happy D. satisfied
22. A. seat B. mind C. bag D. time
23. A. work B. dish C. meal D. thought
24. A. tried B. called C. paid D. failed
25. A. store B. restaurant C. doorway D. counter
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. D 19. C 20. A 21. B 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是作者在回家的路上给一个无家可归的人买饭的经历。
【16题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我进去的路上，一个无家可归的人走过来问我：“你有瓶子吗？”A. impolite没礼貌的；B. homeless无家可归的；C. poor可怜的；D. cold寒冷的。根据下文中的“I wondered whether the homeless man was hungry.”可知，此处指的是一个“无家可归的”人走近我。故选B项。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道他会以几美分的价格回收它们，但我没有，所以我拒绝了。A. rent租用；B. apply申请；C. account描述；D. recycle回收。根据上文中的“On my way in, a(n) ___1___ man approached me and asked, “Do you have any bottles lying around ””可知，一个无家可归的人要瓶子，应该是“回收”瓶子。故选D项。
18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他又问：“你能给我些零钱吗？”A. time时间；B. food食物；C. money金钱；D. change零钱。根据语境和常识可知，无家可归的人可能是要“零钱”。故选D项。
【19题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他非常恭敬；他也微笑着说：“好的，谢谢你。”A. grateful感激的；B. disappointed失望的；C. respectful恭敬的；D. angry生气的。根据下文中的“he smiled back and said, “OK, thank you.””可知，在作者多次拒绝之后，他还会微笑并且说感谢地话，由此可知，此处为“恭敬的”符合语境。故选C项。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管他一无所有，但他仍然心情愉悦。A. spirits精神；B. shape形状；C. taste口味；D. appearance外表。根据上文中的“he smiled back and said, “OK, thank you.””以及“Even though he didn’t have anything”可知，他在被拒多次后仍然微笑，并且表示感谢，even though表示让步关系，所以此处表示他仍然“心情愉悦”符合语境，in good spirits意为“心情愉悦”。故选A项。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从他说话的方式我可以看出他很聪明。A. sad伤心的；B. smart聪明的；C. happy快乐的；D. satisfied满意的。根据语境以及上文中的“From the way he spoke”可知，此处指的是这个人很“聪明”。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我买了一个汉堡，享受着我的晚餐，但在我的脑海里，我想知道这个无家可归的人是否饿了。A. seat座位；B. mind思想；C. bag书包；D. time时间。根据下文中的“I wondered whether the homeless man was hungry.”可知，作者想知道是否这个无家可归的人饿了，所以此处表示“在脑海里”符合语境，in the back of one’s mind意为“在某人的脑海里”。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：吃完饭后，我决定再给他点一份。A. work工作；B. dish碟，盘；C. meal(早午晚)餐；D. thought思想。根据上文中的“Then I bought one hamburger and enjoyed my meal”可知，作者买了一个汉堡，享受着晚餐，所以此处应为吃完“晚餐”符合语境。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这时我不知道他是否还在，但我还是试了试。A. tried尝试；B. called呼叫；C. paid支付；D. failed失败。根据上文中的“At this point I didn’t know if he was still around”以及but可知，作者不知道他是不是还在，所以此处应是“尝试”符合语境。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在柜台点了一个汉堡和一杯热巧克力，因为外面很冷，我想这能让他暖和起来。A. store商店；B. restaurant餐厅；C. doorway门口；D. counter柜台。根据下文中的“I ordered a hamburger and also a hot chocolate”可知，作者点了一个汉堡喝一杯热巧克力，所以此处应是指的在“柜台”符合语境。故选D项。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Internet ____26____ (connect) people across the world to a single ____27____(share) community so far. We can achieve almost anything online — with access ____28____ the Internet come some ____29____(true)life-changing advantages. One of the greatest ____30____(advantage) of the Internet lies in the quick and easy way to get information, With the click of a mouse ____31____ the touch of a button, it is possible ____32____(find) out almost anything we care to know.
The Internet has made our lives unbelievably convenient. The Internet also helps us establish and maintain ____33____(society) ties. Wherever we are, the Internet keeps us in contact with the ones ____34____ we loved. However, while it brings valuable advantages, being connected has its problems. We must be aware of these problems and use the Internet properly and responsibly. Only in this way can the Internet be ____35____ place of discovery, wonder and inspiration for everyone.
【答案】26 has connected
27. shared 28. to
29. truly 30. advantages
31. or 32. to find
33. social 34. that##who
35. a
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍互联网给我们带来了极大的便利，但它也有一些问题，我们应该正确使用互联网。
【26题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，互联网已经将世界各地的人们连接到一个共享的社区。根据时间状语“so far”可知句子用现在完成时，主语Internet表单数意义，助动词用has，故填has connected。
【27题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处作定语修饰名词community，动词share和community之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词形式作定语，故填shared。
【28题详解】
考查介词。句意：我们几乎可以在网上完成任何事情——上网带来了一些真正改变生活的优势。access常和介词to搭配，表示“（使用）……的机会或权利”，故填to。
【29题详解】
考查副词。句意同上。修饰形容词life-changing应用副词形式，故填truly。
【30题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：互联网最大的优点之一在于获取信息的快捷方便的方式，随着鼠标的点击或按钮的触摸，有可能找到几乎任何我们想知道的。advantage优点，可数名词，one of后接可数名词复数，表示“……之一”，故填advantages。
【31题详解】
考查连词。句意同上。结合句意可知，空前后表示选择关系，应用连词or“或者”，故填or。
【32题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子可知，it是形式主语，空处应填动词不定式作真正的主语，故填to find。
【33题详解】
考查形容词。句意：互联网还帮助我们建立和维持社会关系。空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词ties，social社会的，形容词，故填social。
【34题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：无论我们在哪里，互联网让我们与我们所爱的人保持联系。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是ones，指人，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that或who，故填that/who。
【35题详解】
考查冠词。句意：只有这样，互联网才能成为每个人发现、惊奇和灵感的地方。place是可数名词，此处泛指“一个地方”，应用不定冠词，place首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。
第三部分 写作技能(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 双向翻译(共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分)
请根据上下文内容，将文中划线部分译成汉语或者英语。
Our annual school Science Festival finished on Friday and ____36____ 再一次带来了惊人的乐趣. This year’s ”space“ theme was truly excellent and ____37____ showed off all of the students’ creative talent.
On Wednesday morning. Dr. Li arrived to talk about ____38____ 生命是否可以存在于其他行星上. Everyone loved his lecture about conditions on different planets. ____39____ He also answered students’ questions on outer space.
In Thursday’s Science Workshop, ____40____ students tried different experiments with great interest. The most popular experiment was ”planets in a bottle”, in which students tried to create the conditions of different planets inside glass bottles. The experiment allowed students to get a taste of what it was like to live in outer space.
The Science Festival also attracted much interest from students.
【答案】36. once again it was amazing fun
37. 展示了所有学生的创作才能
38. whether life can exist on other planets
39. 他还回答了学生们关于外太空的问题
40. 学生们怀着极大的兴趣尝试了不同的实验
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学校今年以“太空”为主题的科学节活动。
【36题详解】
考查短语和时态。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。“再一次”用短语once again；“带来了惊人的乐趣”翻译为it was amazing fun。故翻译为once again it was amazing fun。
【37题详解】
考查短语和句子结构。分析句子结构可知，本句为主谓宾结构。短语show off翻译为“炫耀；展示”；all of the students’ creative talent翻译为“所有学生的创作才能”，在句中作宾语。故翻译为：展示了所有学生的创作才能。
【38题详解】
考查宾语从句。talk about后接宾语从句，从句不缺少成分，且句意完整，并且有“是否”之意，所以用连接代词whether引导。“生命可以存在于其他行星上”翻译为life can exist on other planets。故翻译为whether life can exist on other planets。
【39题详解】
考查短语和句子结构。分析句子结构可知，本句为主谓宾结构。He“他”，在句中作主语；answered翻译为“回答”，在句子作谓语动词；students’ questions on outer space翻译为“学生们关于外太空的问题”，在句中作宾语。故翻译为：他还回答了学生们关于外太空的问题。
【40题详解】
考查短语和句子结构。分析句子结构可知，本句为主谓宾状结构。students“学生们”，在句中作主语；tried翻译为“尝试”，在句子作谓语动词；different experiments翻译为“不同的实验”，在句中作宾语；with great interest翻译为“怀着极大的兴趣”，在句中作状语。故翻译为：学生们怀着极大的兴趣尝试了不同的实验。
第二节 情景作文(共1小题，满分20分)
41. 假定你是学生会主席李华，你校英语社团排练的话剧King Lear在市话剧比赛中获得二等奖。请根据下面的信息，给提供帮助的外教Susan写封邮件。
Aim express one’s heartfelt thanks to…
Details ·win the second prize in our city ·thanks for your generous support and patient guidance ·spend countless hours perfecting our pronunciation and analyzing the characters in the play
Thanks and wishes ·appreciate your generous help ·wish I could repay it one day
注意：1.词数100左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数;
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Susan,
I am Li Hua, chairman of the Student Union.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Susan,
I am Li Hua, chairman of the Student Union. I am writing to express our heartfelt thanks to you.
The English play King Lear we had played for the last month won the second place in our city, which is a great honor for our school. Without your generous support and patient guidance, we wouldn’t have achieved such great success. I still remember the days when you spent countless hours perfecting our pronunciation and analyzing the characters in the play. You made us successful.
My appreciation to you for your generous help is beyond words. I wish I could repay it one day.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给外教Susan写封邮件，由于他的帮助，你校英语社团排练的话剧King Lear在市话剧比赛中获得二等奖，对此表示感谢。
【详解】1.词汇积累
感谢：thank →gratitude
名誉：honor →fame
获得：achieve →attain
无数的：countless →innumerable
2.句式拓展
句式转换
原句：You made us successful.
拓展句：It was your help that made us successful.
【点睛】[高分句型1] The English play King Lear we had played for the last month won the second place in our city, which is a great honor for our school. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] I still remember the days when you spent countless hours perfecting our pronunciation and analyzing the characters in the play. (运用了when引导的限制性定语从句)
