2023-2024学年(上)期中学业质量联合调研抽测
高一英语试题
(分数：120分，时间：100分钟)
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Canada is diverse and vast, and the festivals celebrated there reflect this. Here are some exciting ones that attract visitors worldwide.
Vancouver Celebration of Light
The largest fireworks competition in the world is held every summer in Vancouver. It consists of concerts, food stalls, and the Seawall Challenge, a popular urban adventure race. The festival, which lasts about a week, makes for a great way to get to know the city from a local standpoint.
Edmonton Folk Festival
From its humble beginning in 1980, Edmonton Folk Festival has grown to be one of the world’s famous folk festivals. Held each August, the lineup of the 10-day-long festival is always outstanding and ticket prices stay reasonable. Edmonton is also a gateway to Jasper and the Canadian Rockies, about two hours away in case you have extra time to explore after the festival.
Toronto International Film Festival
Toronto International Film Festival (TIFF) is one of the leading film festivals in the world, ranking closely with Cannes and Sundance. Films such as Hotel Rwanda, American Beauty, and The Big Chill made their premieres (首映) at this famous star-filled event held each September. The 11-day-long festival is also known as the kick-off of awards season, with many films that make their first public performance at TIFF going on to get nominated for Oscars and Golden Globe awards.
Montreal Comedy Festival
Since 1983 Montreal Comedy Festival, or, Just for Laughs as it is more commonly known, has been inviting people to get together just for fun, just for entertainment-just for laughs. The festival, which takes place every year for two weeks in July, has grown in popularity and reputation and today features some of the world’s greatest comedians and it also resulted in a television show that is broadcast internationally.
1. What do Vancouver Celebration of Light and Edmonton Folk Festival have in common
A. They feature fireworks. B. They require admission tickets.
C. They consist of concerts D. They are held annually.
2. Which of the following lasts the longest
A. Edmonton Folk Festival. B. Montreal Comedy Festival.
C. Vancouver Celebration of Light. D. Toronto International Film Festival.
3. Where will movie enthusiasts most probably go to enjoy themselves
A. Vancouver. B. Edmonton. C. Toronto. D. Montreal.
B
The pyramids of Giza(吉萨金字塔) have been timeless(永恒的) symbols of Egyptian culture. But who actually built them For years, we did not know for sure. But recently an ancient village was discovered near the pyramids. Close by, there was a cemetery(墓地) where pyramid builders were buried. From studying these places, archeologists are now certain that the pyramids were not built by slaves or foreigners (or aliens!). Instead, ordinary Egyptians built them.
It took about eighty years to build the pyramids. According to archeologists, about 20,000 to 30,000 people took part in the task. The workers had different roles. Some were responsible for digging up the rocks that were to be used. Others were tasked with moving them, while another group was given the job of shaping them into blocks. People also worked on different teams, each with its own name. These teams would often compete against each other to do a job faster.
Life for these workers was hard. “We can see that in their skeletons,” says Azza Mohamed Sarry El-Din, a scientist who has been studying the bodies that were found in the cemetery. The bones show signs of arthritis (关节炎), which probably developed as a result of having to carry heavy things for a long time. Archeologists have also found many female skeletons in the cemetery. The damage to their bones is similar to that of the men. Their lives may have been even tougher. Male workers would on average live to be between the ages of 40 and 45, but women would only live to be between the ages of 30 and 35. However, workers usually had enough food, and they also had good medical care when they got sick or hurt.
The work was hard, but the laborers were proud of their work. On a wall in Khufu’s Great Pyramid, for example, a group of workers wrote Friends of Khufu. “It’s because they were not just building the tomb of their king,” says Egyptian archeologist Zahi Hawass. “They were building Egypt. It was a national project, and everyone was a participant.”
4. According to the latest discoveries in the text, who built the pyramids in Egypt
A. Some foreigners. B. Some aliens.
C. Some ordinary Egyptians. D. Some slaves.
5. The underlined word “archeologist” (in paragraph 1) probably means “a person who studies ______.”
A. ancient societies B. living things
C. human behavior D. the outer space
6 What can we know about the pyramid builders from the last paragraph
A. The pyramid builders were looking for new friends.
B. The pyramid builders were very angry with their bosses.
C. The pyramid builders were satisfied with their achievements.
D. The pyramid builders were in trouble because of their bad behavior.
7. What part of the magazine is the passage probably taken from
A. Sports. B. Fashion.
C. Personal Feelings. D. Scientific Research.
C
Why can’t you remember being a baby Will that trip to Dreamworld be wasted on your toddler (学步的幼儿) Scientists explain how the brain changes from infancy (婴儿期) through to early childhood, and what this means for your child’s memories.
While some people can remember memories from as early as age two, as adults most of us rarely remember things that happen to us before the age of three, due to a phenomenon called “infantile amnesia (婴儿健忘症)”. Generally, we tend to have vague (模糊的) memories of events that occur between the ages of three and seven.
So why is it that we can’t remember being a baby, or a toddler The answer lies in the way that our brain’s ability to store memories changes as we grow. At birth, a baby’s brain is only a quarter of its adult size, growing to three-quarters the size of an adult brain by age two. This increase correlates with a growth in the number of brain cells—called neurons (神经元)一and the connections between these cells.
A part of the brain that is important in forming memories is the hippocampus (海马体) says Dr Dhanisha Jhaveri, a researcher at the Queensland Brain Institute at The University of Queensland. “In the hippocampus, new neurons are constantly being created. In adulthood, new cells are still being produced, but the rate of production in the hippocampus slows down,” says Dr Jhaveri.
Neuroscientists believe that the rapid rate at which brain cells are being produced in childhood could be the cause of infantile amnesia. Because so many new neurons are being produced and form connections with each other in memory circuits (记忆电路), they might disturb existing networks of memories that have already formed.
But it turns out that a child’s ability to remember things for long periods of time improves gradually throughout childhood. For example, in studies in which young kids were taught to imitate an action, six-month-olds could remember what to do for 24 (but not 48) hours, while nine-month-olds could remember what to do one month (but not three months) later.
Despite this memory loss, childhood experiences have been found to influence adult behaviour years later, which suggests that traces of these memories could be stored somewhere in the brain that isn’t easy to access.
So while your kids might not recall their major milestones or be too young to remember a trip to Disneyland, positive experiences as toddlers or in infancy may continue to affect their behaviour long after they’ve forgotten them.
8. What can be inferred from paragraph 3
A. Our brain’s ability to store memories remains unchanged as we grow.
B. The size of the child’s brain by age two is twice the size at birth.
C. The growth in the number of neurons will influence the size of the child’s brain.
D. Neurons have nothing to do with a person’s memory.
9. What is the cause of infantile amnesia according to the neuroscientists
A. The rapid rate of brain cells being produced.
B. The existing networks of memories.
C. The way of our brain storing memories.
D. The memory circuits of our brain.
10. What is paragraph 6 mainly about
A. Childhood experiences will influence adult behaviour years later.
B. Traces of these memories could be stored somewhere in the brain.
C. A child’s ability to remember things improves gradually over time.
D. The younger a baby is, the better its memory is.
11. What is the author’s attitude towards the influence of childhood experiences on adult behaviour years later
A. Subjective. B. Objective. C. Pessimistic. D. Uncaring.
D
Sportsmen in the running races of the Olympics are great athletes, but even the slow runners of the running world —joggers in the park —have good health. A study out this week in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology finds that even 5 to 10 minutes a day of slow running is enough to extend life by several years, compared with not running at all.
The new study focused on a group of more than 55, 000 men and women aged 18 to 100. About a quarter of them were runners. Over 15 years, those who ran just 50 minutes a week or fewer at a slow speed were less likely to die from either cardiovascular(心血管的)disease or other causes, compared with those who didn’t run at all.
The study suggests relatively low efforts are necessary to benefit from jogging, but it can be better to exercise more often. “A little bit is good but a little more is probably better,” says Dr. Aaron Baggish. A 2013 study in Denmark suggested that the secret of maximum longevity is up to 2. 5 hours of running a week.
Although running can make you less likely to have cardiovascular disease, it doesn’t entirely take the risk away from you. “There is no question that the healthier you are and the more exercise you do, the longer you’ll live and the better your quality of life will be,” Dr. Baggish says. “But it doesn’t mean you’ll never get sick.”
“Many long-term runners do not run because they want to live longer,” Dr. Baggish notes. “They run because it makes them feel better every day.”
For these runners, the cost of feeling good can be injuries, so Dr. Baggish supports the value of what he calls “active rest.” His belief, not supported by any recent research, is that it’s a good idea to spend 25% of exercise time over the course of a year running at a slow speed or doing other activities like swimming or biking.
12. What does the new study mainly show us
A. The best way to run. B. The best time to run.
C. The importance of running. D. The popularity of running.
13. What does Dr. Baggish say about cardiovascular disease
A. It can result from running often. B. It’s not completely preventable.
C. It’s not so serious as most people think. D. It can be treated by some kind of exercise.
14. What’s Dr. Baggish’s suggestion for someone doing exercise
A. Staying active all the time. B. Swimming more, run less.
C. Having a big rest after doing sports. D. Taking a little light exercise.
15. In which part of a newspaper can you most probably find this text
A. Health. B. Business. C. Society. D. Medicine.
第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
You've decided your child is spoiled(惯坏的), and you want to do something about it. Is it too late Not necessarily. Here are four tips from an expert forgetting your child to be have well.
____16____You've spoiled your child by giving him or her too much for too little. You can correct this by helping your child to learn to work harder for rewards and to understand that not all good behaviour is rewarded.____17____For example, at first, insist that your daughter put a few toys away before she gets a snack, and gradually increase the amount of work required for each reward.
Don't overreact(反应过度) to crying. When children don't get what they want, their natural behaviour is to cry. If you react every time your child cries, you maybe denying(拒绝给予) him or her an important chance to learn something.____18____
Prepare for a fight. At the beginning, children's demands will increase when they find out parents are not going to give them the new toys they want. When it happens, be careful not to give in just because the child shouts.____19____
Stick with the program. Your child will probably be upset when you begin making changes.____20____It means the requirements are getting stricter and that your child is adjusting(适应). Remember: give it time, and don't give up.
A. Rather, wait until the child calms down.
B. That's not necessarily a bad thing.
C. Start out making changes slowly.
D. Cut down on rewards.
E. Don't try to reason with him or her about the situation.
F. There is little doubt that things will get worse before they get better.
G. As a parent you need to know when to comfort a child and when to simply walk away.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Every artist knows in his heart that he is saying something to the public. Not only does he want to say it well but he wants it to be something that has not been ___21___ before. He hopes the public will listen and understand—he wants to teach them, and he wants them to learn from him.
What ___22___ artists like painters want to teach is easy to make out but difficult to explain, because painters translate their experiences into shapes and colors, not ___23___. They seem to feel that a certain ___24___ of shapes and colors, out of the countless billions possible, is exceptionally interesting for them and worth ___25___ to us. Without their work we should never have noticed the ___26___ shapes and colors, or have felt the ___27___ which they brought to the artists.
Most artists take shapes and colors from the world of nature and from human bodies in ___28___ and repose(静止); their ___29___ indicate that these aspects of the world are worth looking at, that they contain beautiful ____30____. Contemporary artists might say that they ____31____ choose subjects that provide an interesting pattern, that there is nothing more in it. Yet even they do not choose entirely without ____32____ to the character of their subjects.
If one painter chooses to paint a gangrenous(坏疽性的)leg and anther a lake in moonlight, each of them is directing our attention to a(n) ____33____ aspect of the world. Each painter is telling us something, showing us something, ____34____ something-all of which means that, consciously or unconsciously, he is trying to ____35____ us.
21. A. afforded B. said C. involved D. promised
22. A. visual B. concert C. mature D. opera
23. A. figures B. volumes C. words D. accents
24. A. selection B. combination C. translation D. isolation
25. A. transferring B. showing C. infecting D. granting
26. A. specialized B. imaginary C. particular D. definite
27. A. delight B. urgency C. memory D. advantage
28. A. stock B. entertainment C. track D. motion
29. A. majors B. choices C. comments D. arguments
30. A. tones B. notes C. meanings D. sights
31. A. relatively B. merely C. alternatively D. rightly
32. A. relation B. contribution C. reference D. inference
33. A. irregular B. odd C. vague D. certain
34. A. emphasizing B. objecting C. responding D. commenting
35. A. consult B. teach C. command D. imply
第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The world’s ____36____ (famous) heart surgeon, the Egyptian Professor, Sir Magdi Yacoub, has transplanted more hearts than anyone else. To the countless people whose lives he ____37____ (transform) and saved, he is a hero. Professor Yacoub ____38____ (inspire) in his work by his father, who was a general surgeon.
Now 66 years old, professor Yacoub still retains his energy and extraordinary enthusiasm for his career. For 43 years, he has dealt with desperate patients whose combination of poor diet, inactive lifestyle and stress overload have caused them to ask for his help. ____39____ all these experiences, he is very aware of the role of good nutrition and regular exercise in maintaining good health. He eats very well and swims early each morning.
Professor Yacoub’s life is always hectic (狂热的). ____40____ a donor heart has suddenly been found, then an operation has to take place quickly. He works long hours; he says there are no regular hours for a heart surgeon, as the surgery ____41____ take place when it needs to be carried out.
For relaxation, professor Yacoub enjoys ____42____ (garden) and even grows orchids. One dream of ____43____ is to go to the Amazon one day ____44____ (see) the rare plants there. He is patron of the Chain of Hope charity, which aims to take medical expense to the developing world. Specialist teams give their time free and travel all over the world to places such as Mozambique and Jamaica to train local surgeons in techniques that ____45____ (save) lives. This charity also brings needy children to the West necessary heart surgery.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是高一学生李华，下周六晚6点至8点你校将在礼堂举办一场融合中西文化元素的音乐会。你的外籍老师Richard很喜欢音乐，请你写一封信邀请他参加此次活动。内容包括以下要点：
1．发出邀请；2．活动时间和地点；3．活动内容和意义。
注意：1．词数100左右；2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Richard,
I hope this letter finds you well.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mom was busy in the kitchen when my brother Marco and I got home from school on Friday. “Did you remember your grandmother’s coming today ” She asked. “Sure, Mom,” we laughed. “Didn’t you notice we cleaned our rooms ” Mom smiled and continued, “Thanks. I know I shouldn’t be nervous, but my mother hasn’t been here for almost six years! As I was growing up, her house always looked perfect. So I want everything to be well.”
“Perfect,” I said with a smile. “What else can we do to help before she gets here ”
Mom looked around,“You two could set the table. Use the good bowls. And be very careful with the glasses Grandma gave to us before you were born!”
As Mom prepared a big meal, Marco and I set the table. I taught Marco how to line up the forks on the left side of each p late and the knives and spoons on the right. In the center of the table, we placed a set of tall white candles. Then we stepped back and looked at our work. It seemed something was missing. “What’s missing ” I asked Marco.
“Napkins ” He asked. “And I don’t think Mom would want us to use paper ones!”
We both laughed. Marco opened a drawer and took out the nice cloth napkins Mom saved for special occasions （场合）. The soft white squares were folded in the middle, and we placed one on each plate. “Do you think that looks good enough ” I asked.
“No,” Marco answered. “Let’s make them look better. Remember the restaurant we went to last year Their napkins were folded into different shapes! That was great!”
I nodded and unfolded the cloth napkin in front of me. “Look,” I said, pointing to the napkin, “These lines make special shapes. That gives me a great idea! Let’s do origami （折纸）. That’ll make the napkins unique!”
Marco looked confused, so I explained,“Origami’s a kind of folding art. People usually use paper, but you can use cloth. You make boats, birds or flowers just by folding. Nothing else is needed!”
注意：1．续写词数应150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Mom heard us and came to help.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
We placed a different origami napkin on each plate.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2023-2024学年(上)期中学业质量联合调研抽测
高一英语试题
(分数：120分，时间：100分钟)
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Canada is diverse and vast, and the festivals celebrated there reflect this. Here are some exciting ones that attract visitors worldwide.
Vancouver Celebration of Light
The largest fireworks competition in the world is held every summer in Vancouver. It consists of concerts, food stalls, and the Seawall Challenge, a popular urban adventure race. The festival, which lasts about a week, makes for a great way to get to know the city from a local standpoint.
Edmonton Folk Festival
From its humble beginning in 1980, Edmonton Folk Festival has grown to be one of the world’s famous folk festivals. Held each August, the lineup of the 10-day-long festival is always outstanding and ticket prices stay reasonable. Edmonton is also a gateway to Jasper and the Canadian Rockies, about two hours away in case you have extra time to explore after the festival.
Toronto International Film Festival
Toronto International Film Festival (TIFF) is one of the leading film festivals in the world, ranking closely with Cannes and Sundance. Films such as Hotel Rwanda, American Beauty, and The Big Chill made their premieres (首映) at this famous star-filled event held each September. The 11-day-long festival is also known as the kick-off of awards season, with many films that make their first public performance at TIFF going on to get nominated for Oscars and Golden Globe awards.
Montreal Comedy Festival
Since 1983, Montreal Comedy Festival, or, Just for Laughs as it is more commonly known, has been inviting people to get together just for fun, just for entertainment-just for laughs. The festival, which takes place every year for two weeks in July, has grown in popularity and reputation and today features some of the world’s greatest comedians and it also resulted in a television show that is broadcast internationally.
1. What do Vancouver Celebration of Light and Edmonton Folk Festival have in common
A. They feature fireworks. B. They require admission tickets.
C. They consist of concerts D. They are held annually.
2. Which of the following lasts the longest
A. Edmonton Folk Festival. B. Montreal Comedy Festival.
C. Vancouver Celebration of Light. D. Toronto International Film Festival.
3. Where will movie enthusiasts most probably go to enjoy themselves
A. Vancouver. B. Edmonton. C. Toronto. D. Montreal.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个吸引全球游客的加拿大节日的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Vancouver Celebration of Light 部分的“The largest fireworks competition in the world is held every summer in Vancouver. (世界上最大的烟花比赛每年夏天在温哥华举行。)” 和 Edmonton Folk Festival部分的“Held each August, the lineup of the 10-day-long festival is always outstanding and ticket prices stay reasonable. (每年8月举行的为期10天的电影节阵容总是很突出，票价也很合理。)”可知，这两个节日都是每年举行的。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Montreal Comedy Festival中“The festival, which takes place every year for two weeks in July, has grown in popularity and reputation and today features some of the world’s greatest comedians and it also resulted in a television show that is broadcast internationally. (该节日每年7月举行，为期两周，人气和声誉不断上升，如今有一些世界上最伟大的喜剧演员参加，还推出了一个在国际上播出的电视节目。)”以及文中对其它三个节日的介绍Vancouver Celebration of Light“about a week”；Edmonton Folk Festival“10-day-long”；Toronto International Film Festival“11-day-long ”，可知，蒙特利尔喜剧节持续两周，是四个节日中持续时间最长的。 故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中Toronto International Film Festival中“The 11-day-long festival is also known as the kick-off of awards season, with many films that make their first public performance at TIFF going on to get nominated for Oscars and Golden Globe awards. (为期11天的电影节也被称为颁奖季的开始，许多在TIFF首次公开演出的电影都获得了奥斯卡和金球奖提名。)”可知，电影爱好者最有可能会选择去多伦多，因为很多电影会在为期十一天的多伦多电影节期间首次公演。故选C项。
B
The pyramids of Giza(吉萨金字塔) have been timeless(永恒的) symbols of Egyptian culture. But who actually built them For years, we did not know for sure. But recently an ancient village was discovered near the pyramids. Close by, there was a cemetery(墓地) where pyramid builders were buried. From studying these places, archeologists are now certain that the pyramids were not built by slaves or foreigners (or aliens!). Instead, ordinary Egyptians built them.
It took about eighty years to build the pyramids. According to archeologists, about 20,000 to 30,000 people took part in the task. The workers had different roles. Some were responsible for digging up the rocks that were to be used. Others were tasked with moving them, while another group was given the job of shaping them into blocks. People also worked on different teams, each with its own name. These teams would often compete against each other to do a job faster.
Life for these workers was hard. “We can see that in their skeletons,” says Azza Mohamed Sarry El-Din, a scientist who has been studying the bodies that were found in the cemetery. The bones show signs of arthritis (关节炎), which probably developed as a result of having to carry heavy things for a long time. Archeologists have also found many female skeletons in the cemetery. The damage to their bones is similar to that of the men. Their lives may have been even tougher. Male workers would on average live to be between the ages of 40 and 45, but women would only live to be between the ages of 30 and 35. However, workers usually had enough food, and they also had good medical care when they got sick or hurt.
The work was hard, but the laborers were proud of their work. On a wall in Khufu’s Great Pyramid, for example, a group of workers wrote Friends of Khufu. “It’s because they were not just building the tomb of their king,” says Egyptian archeologist Zahi Hawass. “They were building Egypt. It was a national project, and everyone was a participant.”
4. According to the latest discoveries in the text, who built the pyramids in Egypt
A. Some foreigners. B. Some aliens.
C. Some ordinary Egyptians. D. Some slaves.
5. The underlined word “archeologist” (in paragraph 1) probably means “a person who studies ______.”
A. ancient societies B. living things
C. human behavior D. the outer space
6. What can we know about the pyramid builders from the last paragraph
A. The pyramid builders were looking for new friends.
B. The pyramid builders were very angry with their bosses.
C. The pyramid builders were satisfied with their achievements.
D. The pyramid builders were in trouble because of their bad behavior.
7. What part of the magazine is the passage probably taken from
A. Sports. B. Fashion.
C. Personal Feelings. D. Scientific Research.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了金字塔是由谁建造的，一直以来都是个谜。现在，考古学家们通过研究发现确信金字塔不是由奴隶或外国人(或外星人)建造的。相反，是普通的埃及人建造了它们。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“From studying these places, archeologists are now certain that the pyramids were not built by slaves or foreigners (or aliens!). Instead, ordinary Egyptians built them.”（通过对这些地方的研究，考古学家现在确信金字塔不是由奴隶或外国人(或外星人)建造的。相反，是普通的埃及人建造了它们。）可知，一些普通的埃及人建造了埃及的金字塔。故选C项。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段中“But recently an ancient village was discovered near the pyramids. Close by, there was a cemetery(墓地) where pyramid builders were buried.”（但最近在金字塔附近发现了一个古老的村庄。附近有一个墓地，金字塔建造者就埋葬在那里。）可知，archeologists走访古村落，去发现古时候的东西，了解古文化，由此可知，archeologist指的是“研究古代社会的人”，即考古学家。故选A项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The work was hard, but the laborers were proud of their work. On a wall in Khufu’s Great Pyramid, for example, a group of workers wrote Friends of Khufu. “It’s because they were not just building the tomb of their king,” says Egyptian archeologist Zahi Hawass. “They were building Egypt. It was a national project, and everyone was a participant.””（工作很辛苦，但工人们为他们的工作感到自豪。例如，在胡夫大金字塔的一面墙上，一群工人写着“胡夫之友”。埃及考古学家Zahi Hawass说：“这是因为他们不仅仅是在为他们的国王建造坟墓。”“他们在建设埃及。这是一个全国性的项目，每个人都是参与者。”）可知，从最后一段我们可以知道金字塔建造者对他们的成就感到满意。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第一段“The pyramids of Giza(吉萨金字塔) have been timeless(永恒的) symbols of Egyptian culture. But who actually built them For years, we did not know for sure. But recently an ancient village was discovered near the pyramids. Close by, there was a cemetery(墓地) where pyramid builders were buried. From studying these places, archeologists are now certain that the pyramids were not built by slaves or foreigners (or aliens!). Instead, ordinary Egyptians built them.”（吉萨金字塔一直是埃及文化永恒的象征。但到底是谁建造的呢 多年来，我们都不确定。但最近在金字塔附近发现了一个古老的村庄。附近有一个墓地，金字塔建造者就埋葬在那里。通过对这些地方的研究，考古学家现在确信金字塔不是由奴隶或外国人(或外星人)建造的。相反，是普通的埃及人建造了它们。）可知，文章主要讲的是金字塔是由谁建造的，一直以来都是个谜。现在，考古学家们通过研究发现确信金字塔不是由奴隶或外国人(或外星人)建造的。相反，是普通的埃及人建造了它们。由此可知，这是一篇关于科学考古类的文章，所以可推知，这篇文章可能取杂志的科学研究部分。故选D项。
C
Why can’t you remember being a baby Will that trip to Dreamworld be wasted on your toddler (学步的幼儿) Scientists explain how the brain changes from infancy (婴儿期) through to early childhood, and what this means for your child’s memories.
While some people can remember memories from as early as age two, as adults most of us rarely remember things that happen to us before the age of three, due to a phenomenon called “infantile amnesia (婴儿健忘症)”. Generally, we tend to have vague (模糊的) memories of events that occur between the ages of three and seven.
So why is it that we can’t remember being a baby, or a toddler The answer lies in the way that our brain’s ability to store memories changes as we grow. At birth, a baby’s brain is only a quarter of its adult size, growing to three-quarters the size of an adult brain by age two. This increase correlates with a growth in the number of brain cells—called neurons (神经元)一and the connections between these cells.
A part of the brain that is important in forming memories is the hippocampus (海马体), says Dr Dhanisha Jhaveri, a researcher at the Queensland Brain Institute at The University of Queensland. “In the hippocampus, new neurons are constantly being created. In adulthood, new cells are still being produced, but the rate of production in the hippocampus slows down,” says Dr Jhaveri.
Neuroscientists believe that the rapid rate at which brain cells are being produced in childhood could be the cause of infantile amnesia. Because so many new neurons are being produced and form connections with each other in memory circuits (记忆电路), they might disturb existing networks of memories that have already formed.
But it turns out that a child’s ability to remember things for long periods of time improves gradually throughout childhood. For example in studies in which young kids were taught to imitate an action, six-month-olds could remember what to do for 24 (but not 48) hours, while nine-month-olds could remember what to do one month (but not three months) later.
Despite this memory loss, childhood experiences have been found to influence adult behaviour years later, which suggests that traces of these memories could be stored somewhere in the brain that isn’t easy to access.
So while your kids might not recall their major milestones or be too young to remember a trip to Disneyland, positive experiences as toddlers or in infancy may continue to affect their behaviour long after they’ve forgotten them.
8. What can be inferred from paragraph 3
A. Our brain’s ability to store memories remains unchanged as we grow.
B. The size of the child’s brain by age two is twice the size at birth.
C. The growth in the number of neurons will influence the size of the child’s brain.
D. Neurons have nothing to do with a person’s memory.
9. What is the cause of infantile amnesia according to the neuroscientists
A. The rapid rate of brain cells being produced.
B The existing networks of memories.
C. The way of our brain storing memories.
D. The memory circuits of our brain.
10. What is paragraph 6 mainly about
A. Childhood experiences will influence adult behaviour years later.
B. Traces of these memories could be stored somewhere in the brain.
C. A child’s ability to remember things improves gradually over time.
D. The younger a baby is, the better its memory is.
11. What is the author’s attitude towards the influence of childhood experiences on adult behaviour years later
A. Subjective. B. Objective. C. Pessimistic. D. Uncaring.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章解释了我们不记得自己婴儿时期的原因、大脑从婴儿期到儿童早期的变化，以及这对孩子的记忆意味着什么。
【详解】1. 推理判断题。由第三段的最后一句“At birth, a baby’s brain is only a quarter of its adult size, growing to three-quarters the size of an adult brain by age two. This increase correlates with a growth in the number of brain cells—called neurons (神经元)一and the connections between these cells.(出生时，婴儿的大脑只有成人的四分之一，到两岁时，大脑的大小会增长到成人的四分之三。这种增加与脑细胞(称为神经元)数量的增长以及这些细胞之间的连接有关。)”可知，神经元数量的增长会影响孩子大脑的大小。故选C。
2. 细节理解题。由第五段的第一句“Neuroscientists believe that the rapid rate at which brain cells are being produced in childhood could be the cause of infantile amnesia.(神经科学家认为，儿童时期脑细胞的快速生成可能是导致婴儿健忘症的原因。)”可知，神经科学家认为,儿童时期脑细胞的快速产生可能是婴儿健忘症的原因。故选A。
3. 主旨大意题。由第六段第一句“But it turns out that a child’s ability to remember things for long periods of time improves gradually throughout childhood.(但事实证明，孩子长时间记忆事物的能力在整个童年时期逐渐提高。)”可知，一个孩子的长时间记忆事物的能力会在整个童年时期逐渐提高。故选C。
4. 推理判断题。由第七段“Despite this memory loss, childhood experiences have been found to influence adult behaviour years later, which suggests that traces of these memories could be stored somewhere in the brain that isn’t easy to access.(尽管记忆力会丧失，但研究发现，童年经历会影响多年后成人的行为，这表明，这些记忆的痕迹可能储存在大脑中不容易获取的某个地方。)”、第八段“So while your kids might not recall their major milestones or be too young to remember a trip to Disneyland, positive experiences as toddlers or in infancy may continue to affect their behaviour long after they’ve forgotten them.(因此，虽然你的孩子可能不记得他们的重大里程碑，或者太小而不记得去迪斯尼乐园旅行，但幼儿或婴儿时期的积极经历可能会在他们遗忘很久之后继续影响他们的行为。)”可知，研究发现，童年经历会影响成年人的行为，蹒跚学步的孩子或婴儿时期的积极经历可能会在他们遗忘之后继续影响他们的行为。因此作者对其影响的态度是客观的。故选B。
D
Sportsmen in the running races of the Olympics are great athletes, but even the slow runners of the running world —joggers in the park —have good health. A study out this week in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology finds that even 5 to 10 minutes a day of slow running is enough to extend life by several years, compared with not running at all.
The new study focused on a group of more than 55, 000 men and women aged 18 to 100. About a quarter of them were runners. Over 15 years, those who ran just 50 minutes a week or fewer at a slow speed were less likely to die from either cardiovascular(心血管的)disease or other causes, compared with those who didn’t run at all.
The study suggests relatively low efforts are necessary to benefit from jogging, but it can be better to exercise more often. “A little bit is good but a little more is probably better,” says Dr. Aaron Baggish. A 2013 study in Denmark suggested that the secret of maximum longevity is up to 2. 5 hours of running a week.
Although running can make you less likely to have cardiovascular disease, it doesn’t entirely take the risk away from you. “There is no question that the healthier you are and the more exercise you do, the longer you’ll live and the better your quality of life will be,” Dr. Baggish says. “But it doesn’t mean you’ll never get sick.”
“Many long-term runners do not run because they want to live longer,” Dr. Baggish notes. “They run because it makes them feel better every day.”
For these runners, the cost of feeling good can be injuries, so Dr. Baggish supports the value of what he calls “active rest.” His belief, not supported by any recent research, is that it’s a good idea to spend 25% of exercise time over the course of a year running at a slow speed or doing other activities like swimming or biking.
12. What does the new study mainly show us
A. The best way to run. B. The best time to run.
C. The importance of running. D. The popularity of running.
13. What does Dr. Baggish say about cardiovascular disease
A. It can result from running often. B. It’s not completely preventable.
C. It’s not so serious as most people think. D. It can be treated by some kind of exercise.
14. What’s Dr. Baggish’s suggestion for someone doing exercise
A. Staying active all the time. B. Swimming more, run less.
C Having a big rest after doing sports. D. Taking a little light exercise.
15. In which part of a newspaper can you most probably find this text
A. Health. B. Business. C. Society. D. Medicine.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要讲述了一个最新的研究结果，即每天慢跑5到10分钟就足以延长寿命。研究表明，相对较低的运动量就能获得慢跑的好处，但更频繁地锻炼可能会更好。此外，作者还提到了“积极休息”的概念，即在一年内花费25%的运动时间以慢跑或进行其他活动如游泳或骑车。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“ A study out this week in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology finds that even 5 to 10 minutes a day of slow running is enough to extend life by several years, compared with not running at all.(本周发表在《美国心脏病学会杂志》上的一项研究发现，与根本不跑步相比，即使每天慢跑5到10分钟，也足以延长几年的寿命。)”可知，该研究讲述了一个最新的研究结果，即每天慢跑5到10分钟就足以延长寿命，故强调了跑步的重要性。故选C。
13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“About a quarter of them were runners, Over 15 years, those who ran just 50 minutes a week or fewer at a slow speed were less likely to die from either cardiovascular(心血管的)disease or other causes, compared with those who didn’t run at all.(大约四分之一的人是跑步者。在15年的时间里，与那些根本不跑步的人相比，那些每周只跑50分钟或更少的慢速跑步的人死于心血管疾病或其他原因的可能性更小。)”以及第三段中“The study suggests relatively low efforts are necessary to benefit from jogging, but it can be better to exercise more often. “A little bit is good but a little more is probably better,” says Dr. Aaron Baggish. (该研究表明，相对而言，慢跑所需要的运动量较小，但更频繁地锻炼可能会更好。Aaron Baggish博士说：“一点点是好的，但多一点可能更好。”)”可知，根据研究发现，每周只跑50分钟或更少的慢速跑步的人死于心血管疾病或其他原因的可能性更小，所以Baggish博士认为慢跑需要的运动量较小，但如果更频繁的锻炼会有更好的效果，由此推断心血管疾病可以通过某种运动来治疗（缓解）。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“For these runners, the cost of feeling good can be injuries, so Dr. Baggish supports the value of what he calls “active rest.” (对于这些跑步者来说，感觉良好的代价可能是受伤，所以Baggish博士支持他所谓的“积极休息”的价值。)”以及“ His belief, not supported by any recent research, is that it’s a good idea to spend 25% of exercise time over the course of a year running at a slow speed or doing other activities like swimming or biking.(他认为，在一年中，花25%的锻炼时间以慢速跑步或做其他活动，如游泳或骑自行车，是一个好主意，但这一观点并未得到任何近期研究的支持。)”可知，Baggish博士他所谓的“积极休息”的价值即建议在一年中花25%的锻炼时间以慢速跑步或做其他活动，如游泳或骑自行车，即他建议在一年里要有一些运动时间。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“ A study out this week in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology finds that even 5 to 10 minutes a day of slow running is enough to extend life by several years, compared with not running at all.(本周发表在《美国心脏病学会杂志》上的一项研究发现，与根本不跑步相比，即使每天慢跑5到10分钟，也足以延长几年的寿命。)”以及通读全文，文章介绍了一个最新的研究结果，即每天慢跑5到10分钟就足以延长寿命。故推断文章出现在报纸的健康部分中。故选A。
第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
You've decided your child is spoiled(惯坏的), and you want to do something about it. Is it too late Not necessarily. Here are four tips from an expert forgetting your child to be have well.
____16____You've spoiled your child by giving him or her too much for too little. You can correct this by helping your child to learn to work harder for rewards and to understand that not all good behaviour is rewarded.____17____For example, at first, insist that your daughter put a few toys away before she gets a snack, and gradually increase the amount of work required for each reward.
Don't overreact(反应过度) to crying. When children don't get what they want, their natural behaviour is to cry. If you react every time your child cries, you maybe denying(拒绝给予) him or her an important chance to learn something.____18____
Prepare for a fight. At the beginning, children's demands will increase when they find out parents are not going to give them the new toys they want. When it happens, be careful not to give in just because the child shouts.____19____
Stick with the program. Your child will probably be upset when you begin making changes.____20____It means the requirements are getting stricter and that your child is adjusting(适应). Remember: give it time, and don't give up.
A. Rather, wait until the child calms down.
B. That's not necessarily a bad thing.
C. Start out making changes slowly.
D. Cut down on rewards.
E. Don't try to reason with him or her about the situation.
F. There is little doubt that things will get worse before they get better.
G. As a parent you need to know when to comfort a child and when to simply walk away.
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. G 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何纠正被宠坏的孩子的行为。
【16题详解】
下文“You've spoiled your child by giving him or her too much for too little. You can correct this by helping your child to learn to work harder for rewards and to understand that not all good behaviour is rewarded.(你把孩子宠坏了，因为做得太少却给他或她太多。你可以通过帮助你的孩子学习更努力地工作来获得奖励，并让他们明白并不是所有的好行为都会得到奖励来纠正这一点。)”说明要帮助宠坏的孩子学习为了奖励要更努力地工作，并让他们理解并非所有的好行为都有奖励。选项D“减少奖励”引出下文，是对下文的总结，并且选项D中“Cut down”与下文中“by giving him or her too much for too little”相呼应。故选D项。
【17题详解】
下文“For example, at first, insist that your daughter put a few toys away before she gets a snack, and gradually increase the amount of work required for each reward.(例如，一开始，坚持让你的女儿在吃零食之前先把一些玩具放好，然后逐渐增加每次奖励所需的工作量。)”说明让孩子在吃零食前收拾好一些玩具，逐渐增加奖励前的工作量，选项C“慢慢地开始改变。”引出下文，是对下文的总结，并且选项C中“making changes slowly”与下文中“gradually increase”相呼应。故选C项。
【18题详解】
上文“Don't overreact(反应过度) to crying. When children don't get what they want, their natural behaviour is to cry. If you react every time your child cries, you maybe denying(拒绝给予) him or her an important chance to learn something.(不要对哭泣反应过度。当孩子们得不到他们想要的东西时，他们的自然行为是哭泣。如果每次孩子哭的时候你都做出反应，你可能会剥夺他或她学习东西的重要机会。)”说明不要在每次孩子哭泣的时候有所反应，选项G“作为父母，你需要知道什么时候该安慰孩子，什么时候该走开。”承接上文，每次孩子哭泣的时候，父母应该做的事情。故选G项。
【19题详解】
上文“Prepare for a fight. At the beginning, children's demands will increase when they find out parents are not going to give them the new toys they want. When it happens, be careful not to give in just because the child shouts.(准备战斗。一开始，当孩子发现父母不会给他们想要的新玩具时，他们的需求会增加。当这种情况发生时，要注意不要因为孩子大喊大叫就屈服。)”说明父母不要因为孩子大声叫喊就做出让步，而是其他做法，选项A“相反，要等到孩子平静下来。”承接上文，父母在孩子大声叫喊时，不要屈服，而是等孩子平静下来，故选A项。
【20题详解】
上文“Your child will probably be upset when you begin making changes.(当你开始做出改变时，你的孩子可能会感到不安。)”说明你开始改变时，孩子会不高兴，选项B“这不一定是坏事。”承接上文，你开始改变时，孩子会感到不安，这未必是坏事，并引出下文“It means the requirements are getting stricter and that your child is adjusting(适应). Remember: give it time, and don't give up.(这意味着要求越来越严格，你的孩子正在适应。记住：给它时间，不要放弃。)”。故选B项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Every artist knows in his heart that he is saying something to the public. Not only does he want to say it well, but he wants it to be something that has not been ___21___ before. He hopes the public will listen and understand—he wants to teach them, and he wants them to learn from him.
What ___22___ artists like painters want to teach is easy to make out but difficult to explain, because painters translate their experiences into shapes and colors, not ___23___. They seem to feel that a certain ___24___ of shapes and colors, out of the countless billions possible, is exceptionally interesting for them and worth ___25___ to us. Without their work we should never have noticed the ___26___ shapes and colors, or have felt the ___27___ which they brought to the artists.
Most artists take shapes and colors from the world of nature and from human bodies in ___28___ and repose(静止); their ___29___ indicate that these aspects of the world are worth looking at, that they contain beautiful ____30____. Contemporary artists might say that they ____31____ choose subjects that provide an interesting pattern, that there is nothing more in it. Yet even they do not choose entirely without ____32____ to the character of their subjects.
If one painter chooses to paint a gangrenous(坏疽性的)leg and anther a lake in moonlight, each of them is directing our attention to a(n) ____33____ aspect of the world. Each painter is telling us something, showing us something, ____34____ something-all of which means that, consciously or unconsciously, he is trying to ____35____ us.
21. A. afforded B. said C. involved D. promised
22. A. visual B. concert C. mature D. opera
23. A. figures B. volumes C. words D. accents
24. A. selection B. combination C. translation D. isolation
25. A. transferring B. showing C. infecting D. granting
26. A. specialized B. imaginary C. particular D. definite
27. A. delight B. urgency C. memory D. advantage
28. A. stock B. entertainment C. track D. motion
29. A. majors B. choices C. comments D. arguments
30. A. tones B. notes C. meanings D. sights
31. A. relatively B. merely C. alternatively D. rightly
32. A. relation B. contribution C. reference D. inference
33. A. irregular B. odd C. vague D. certain
34. A. emphasizing B. objecting C. responding D. commenting
35. A. consult B. teach C. command D. imply
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了每个艺术家内心都知道他在对公众说些什么。他不仅想把它说得好，而且他希望它是以前没有说过的东西。他希望公众能够倾听和理解他——他想教他们，他想让他们向他学习。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不仅想把它说得好，而且他希望它是以前没有说过的东西。A. afforded提供；B. said说；C. involved涉及，包括；D. promised承诺。根据上文“Not only does he want to say it well”可推知，此处应表示希望它是以前没有说过的东西。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：像画家这样的视觉艺术家想要传授的东西很容易看到，但很难解释，因为画家把他们的经验转化为形状和颜色，而不是语言。A. visual视觉的；B. concert音乐会的；C. mature成熟的；D. opera歌剧。根据下文“like painters”提到画家，以及“because painters translate their experiences into shapes and colors”可知，此处应表示画家这样的视觉艺术家想要传授的东西很容易看到。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：像画家这样的视觉艺术家想要传授的东西很容易看到，但很难解释，因为画家把他们的经验转化为形状和颜色，而不是语言。A. figures形象；B. volumes体积；C. words语言；D. accents口音。根据上文“He hopes the public will listen and understand”和“because painters translate their experiences into shapes and colors”可知，此处应表示因为画家把他们的经验转化为形状和颜色，而不是语言。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们似乎觉得，在无数种可能的形状和颜色中，有一种选择对他们来说特别有趣，值得向我们展示。A. selection选择；B. combination联合；C. translation翻译；D. isolation孤立。根据“of shapes and colors”以及“out of the countless billions possible”可知，在无数种可能的形状和颜色中，有一种选择对他们来说特别有趣。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们似乎觉得，在无数种可能的形状和颜色中，有一种选择对他们来说特别有趣，值得向我们展示。A. transferring转移；B. showing展示；C. infecting感染；D. granting授予。根据上文中“is exceptionally interesting for them”并结合画家展示画作的事实可知，此处应表示这种有趣的形状和颜色值得向我们展示。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有他们的工作，我们永远不会注意到这些特殊的形状和颜色，也不会感受到它们给艺术家带来的快乐。A. specialized专门的；B. imaginary有想象力的；C. particular特别的；D. definite明确的。根据上文提到的有一种形状和颜色对他们来说特别有趣，以及该句中的“we should never have noticed”可知，此处指如果没有这些画家，我们可能永远不会注意到这些特殊的形状和颜色。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有他们的工作，我们永远不会注意到这些特殊的形状和颜色，也不会感受到它们给艺术家带来的快乐。A. delight快乐；B. urgency紧急；C. memory记忆；D. advantage 优点。根据下文“Contemporary artists might say that they 11 choose subjects that provide an interesting pattern”可推知，这些特殊的形状和颜色给他们带来的快乐。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：大多数艺术家从自然界和运动和静止的人体中汲取形状和色彩。A. stock库存；B. entertainment娱乐；C. track轨道，路径；D. motion移动，运动。呼应下文“and repose(静止)”此处表示艺术家从自然界和运动和静止的人体中汲取形状和色彩。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的选择表明，世界的这些方面是值得一看的，它们包含着美丽的风景。A. majors专业；B. choices选择；C. comments评价；D. arguments争论。 根据下文“Contemporary artists might say that they ___11___ choose subjects”可知，此处应表示他们的选择表明，世界的这些方面是值得一看的。和下文的choose（选择）相互呼应。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的选择表明，世界的这些方面是值得一看的，它们包含着美丽的风景。A. tones音调；B. notes笔记；C. meanings意义；D. sights景色。根据上文“these aspects of the world are worth looking at”可知，此处应表示它们包含着美丽的风景。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当代艺术家可能会说，他们只是选择了能提供有趣图案的题材，除此之外别无其他。A. relatively相对地；B. merely仅仅；C. alternatively要不，或者；D. rightly准确地。根据下文“that there is nothing more in it.”推知，画家认为自己只是选择了能提供有趣图案的题材。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，即使是他们也不会完全不考虑他们的主题的特点来选择。A. relation关系；B. contribution贡献；C. reference参考；D. inference推理。根据下文“to the character of their subjects.”和常识可知，画家作画时需要参考主题的特点。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果一位画家选择画一条坏疽的腿，而另一位画家选择画月光下的湖，他们都是在把我们的注意力引向世界的某个方面。A. irregular不规则的；B. odd奇怪的；C. vague模糊的；D. certain特定的，某一。根据上文“each of them is directing our attention”以及下文“aspect of the world.”可知，画家选择的主题都是在把我们的注意力引向世界的某个方面。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个画家都在告诉我们一些东西，向我们展示一些东西，强调一些东西——这一切都意味着，有意无意地，他在试图教导我们。A. emphasizing强调；B. objecting反对；C. responding回应；D. commenting评论。根据上文“Each painter is telling us something, showing us something,”可知，此处应表示向我们强调一些东西。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个画家都在告诉我们一些东西，向我们展示一些东西，强调一些东西——这一切都意味着，有意无意地，他在试图教导我们。A. consult咨询；B. teach教；C. command命令；D. imply暗示。根据上文“he wants to teach them, and he wants them to learn from him.”可知，画家通过画有意无意地试图教导我们。和上文的teach相呼应。故选B项。
第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The world’s ____36____ (famous) heart surgeon, the Egyptian Professor, Sir Magdi Yacoub, has transplanted more hearts than anyone else. To the countless people whose lives he ____37____ (transform) and saved, he is a hero. Professor Yacoub ____38____ (inspire) in his work by his father, who was a general surgeon.
Now 66 years old, professor Yacoub still retains his energy and extraordinary enthusiasm for his career. For 43 years, he has dealt with desperate patients whose combination of poor diet, inactive lifestyle and stress overload have caused them to ask for his help. ____39____ all these experiences, he is very aware of the role of good nutrition and regular exercise in maintaining good health. He eats very well and swims early each morning.
Professor Yacoub’s life is always hectic (狂热的). ____40____ a donor heart has suddenly been found, then an operation has to take place quickly. He works long hours; he says there are no regular hours for a heart surgeon, as the surgery ____41____ take place when it needs to be carried out.
For relaxation, professor Yacoub enjoys ____42____ (garden) and even grows orchids. One dream of ____43____ is to go to the Amazon one day ____44____ (see) the rare plants there. He is patron of the Chain of Hope charity, which aims to take medical expense to the developing world. Specialist teams give their time free and travel all over the world to places such as Mozambique and Jamaica to train local surgeons in techniques that ____45____ (save) lives. This charity also brings needy children to the West necessary heart surgery.
【答案】36. most famous
37. has transformed
38. was inspired
39. Because of
40. When/If
41. should 42. gardening
43. his 44. to see
45. will save
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍了世界最著名的心脏外科医生Magdi Yacoub的工作、生活等情况。
【36题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：世界上最著名的心脏外科医生，埃及教授Magdi Yacoub先生，移植的心脏比任何人都多。根据句意及空前的“The world’s”可知，此处指“世界上最著名的心脏外科医生”，用形容词最高级作定语，故填most famous。
【37题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：对于无数被他改变和拯救的人来说，他是一个英雄。结合句意可知，此处表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响，应用现在完成时，主语he表示单数意义，助动词用has，故填has transformed。
【38题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：Yacoub教授的工作受到他父亲的启发，他父亲是一名普通外科医生。结合“by his father”可知，主语“Professor Yacoub”和动词“inspire”之间是被动关系，且此处是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，故填was inspired。
【39题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：由于这些经历，他非常清楚良好的营养和经常锻炼对保持身体健康的作用。结合句意可知，此处指“由于这些经历”，空后是名词短语，故用because of“由于”，句首单词的首字母应大写， 故填Because of。
【40题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：当突然找到一个供体心脏时/如果突然找到了供体心脏，手术必须迅速进行。结合句意可知，此处指“当突然找到一个供体心脏时”或“如果突然找到了供体心脏”，用when引导时间状语从句或用if引导条件状语从句均可，首字母应大写，故填When/If。
【41题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：他工作时间很长；他说，心脏外科医生没有固定的工作时间，因为手术应该在需要的时候进行。结合句意可知，此处指“手术应该在需要的时候进行”，应用情态动词should“应该”，故填should。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了放松，Yacoub教授喜欢园艺，甚至还种了兰花。enjoy doing sth喜欢做某事，故此处用动名词形式，故填gardening。
【43题详解】
考查名词所有格。句意：他的一个梦想是有一天去亚马逊看那里的稀有植物。此处表示“他的一个梦想”，是双重所有格，结构为“名词+of+名词所有格”，故填his。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。结合句意可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to see。
【45题详解】
考查一般将来时。句意：专家团队腾出时间，在世界各地旅行，前往莫桑比克和牙买加等地，培训当地外科医生挽救生命的技术。结合句意可知，此处指培训当地医生那些将来能救命的技术，用一般将来时，故填will save。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是高一学生李华，下周六晚6点至8点你校将在礼堂举办一场融合中西文化元素的音乐会。你的外籍老师Richard很喜欢音乐，请你写一封信邀请他参加此次活动。内容包括以下要点：
1．发出邀请；2．活动时间和地点；3．活动内容和意义
注意：1．词数100左右；2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Richard,
I hope this letter finds you well.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Richard,
I hope this letter finds you well. Our school will hold a musical concert next Saturday. Knowing that you have great interest in music, I’m writing this letter to invite you to attend it.
The concert will be scheduled in our school hall from 6 p.m. to 8 p.m. next Saturday, lasting 2 hours. During this concert, not only can we appreciate classical folk songs of China and western countries, but we can also have a chance to listen to the music originally composed by gifted students as well. It is guaranteed that you will be deeply impressed by the combination of Chinese folk music with western musical instruments.
I am sure you will enjoy yourself and have fun.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外籍老师Richard写一封信，邀请他参加下周六晚6点至8点你校将在礼堂举办一场融合中西文化元素的音乐会活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：attend →join in
感兴趣：have great interest in →show great interest in
欣赏：appreciate →enjoy
过得愉快：enjoy yourself →have a good time
2.简单句变为复合句
原句：The concert will be scheduled in our school hall from 6 p.m. to 8 p.m. next Saturday lasting 2 hours.
拓展句：The concert will be scheduled in our school hall from 6 p.m. to 8 p.m. next Saturday, which will last 2 hours.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Knowing that we have great interest in music, I’m writing this letter to invite you to attend it. (运用了现在分词作状语和that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] During this concert, not only can we appreciate classical folk songs of China and western countries, but we can also have a chance to listen to the music originally composed by gifted students as well..(运用了not only…but also句型、部分倒装结构和过去分词作后置定语)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mom was busy in the kitchen when my brother Marco and I got home from school on Friday. “Did you remember your grandmother’s coming today ” She asked. “Sure, Mom,” we laughed. “Didn’t you notice we cleaned our rooms ” Mom smiled and continued, “Thanks. I know I shouldn’t be nervous, but my mother hasn’t been here for almost six years! As I was growing up, her house always looked perfect. So I want everything to be well.”
“Perfect,” I said with a smile. “What else can we do to help before she gets here ”
Mom looked around,“You two could set the table. Use the good bowls. And be very careful with the glasses Grandma gave to us before you were born!”
As Mom prepared a big meal, Marco and I set the table. I taught Marco how to line up the forks on the left side of each p late and the knives and spoons on the right. In the center of the table, we placed a set of tall white candles. Then we stepped back and looked at our work. It seemed something was missing. “What’s missing ” I asked Marco.
“Napkins ” He asked. “And I don’t think Mom would want us to use paper ones!”
We both laughed. Marco opened a drawer and took out the nice cloth napkins Mom saved for special occasions （场合）. The soft white squares were folded in the middle, and we placed one on each plate. “Do you think that looks good enough ” I asked.
“No,” Marco answered. “Let’s make them look better. Remember the restaurant we went to last year Their napkins were folded into different shapes! That was great!”
I nodded and unfolded the cloth napkin in front of me. “Look,” I said, pointing to the napkin, “These lines make special shapes. That gives me a great idea! Let’s do origami （折纸）. That’ll make the napkins unique!”
Marco looked confused, so I explained,“Origami’s a kind of folding art. People usually use paper, but you can use cloth. You make boats, birds or flowers just by folding. Nothing else is needed!”
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Mom heard us and came to help.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
We placed a different origami napkin on each plate.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Mom heard us and came to help. “I know how to make a bird and a flower,” she said. She quickly folded a napkin, and then unfolded it to show us how the shapes fit together. Just then, Dad came home from work and showed us how to make a plane and a boat. “Okay,” he said. “In 20 minutes your grandma will walk through that door. We’d better get these napkins folded before she comes!” Soon we turned all the napkins into different shapes.
We placed a different origami napkin on each plate. Now, the table looked great! And just in time, Grandma arrived by taxi and hugged us one by one. Then she showed us the gifts she brought from the countryside. But I couldn’t wait to lead her to the dining room to see our great work. Just as I expected, when seeing what was on the table, she was very surprised and happy. We all smiled. We were happy that Grandma thought Mom’s home was perfect!
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和弟弟一起为了欢迎奶奶到家做客，精心布置餐桌折餐巾的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“妈妈听到了，过来帮忙。”可知，第一段可描写妈妈过来帮忙的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“我们在每个盘子上放了不同的折纸餐巾。”可知，第二段可描写奶奶看到桌上的折纸餐巾时，感到非常惊讶和高兴。
2.续写线索：妈妈过来帮忙——向我们展示如何折叠不同的形状——我们把所有餐巾折好——奶奶过来了——看到折的餐巾感到非常惊讶和高兴——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①回到家：come home/ return home / go back home
②.拥抱：hugged / embraced
③.看：see /watch/view
情绪类
①.高兴的：happy /glad/delight
②.惊讶的：surprised /astonished
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Just as I expected, when seeing what was on the table, she was very surprised and happy.（运用了连词when引导的时间状语从句以及省略用法。）
[高分句型2]. We were happy that Grandma thought Mom’s home was perfect!（运用了从属连词that引导的宾语从句。）
