2015年中考英语语法专题复习 ----非谓语动词

课件38张PPT。2015年中考一轮复习课件 (非谓语动词) 语 法学.科.网┃考点直击 ┃
*点睛*在句中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫非谓语动词。非谓语动词分为三种形式：不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)。●1　不定式的用法
1．作主语。不定式作主语，谓语动词用单数，通常用于it作形式主语的句型中。如：
It‘s impossible for us to finish the work within 3 days. 对我们来说，三天之内完成这项工作是不可能的。2．作表语。不定式位于be动词后面作表语。如：
My work is to clean the room every day.
我的工作是每天打扫房间。
Our plan is to keep the affair secret.
我们的计划是让这件事成为秘密。
3．作定语。不定式作定语时，通常要放在被修饰词的后面作后置定语。如：
I have a lot of housework to do every day.
我每天有许多家务活要做。
4．作状语。如：
I come here only to say goodbye to you.
我来这儿仅仅是向你告别。(目的状语)
5．作宾语。不定式在使役动词let, make, have和感官动词see, hear, watch, notice, feel, find等后作宾语时要省略to。如：
The teacher let us copy the new words tentimes. 老师让我们抄写10遍生词。
6．作宾语补足语。如：
He told me not to look down on the disabled.
他叫我不要瞧不起残疾人。●2　动名词的用法
1．作主语。如：
Playing computer games too much is bad for your eyes. 过度地玩电脑游戏对你的眼睛有害。
2．作宾语。如：
Jack enjoys listening to music.
杰克喜欢听音乐。
3．作表语。如：
My hobby is making all kinds of kites.
我的爱好是制作各种各样的风筝。
4．作定语。如：
There are three reading rooms in our school.
我们学校有三个阅览室。●3　分词的用法
分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种。现在分词表示主动，说明动作正在进行；过去分词表示被动，说明动作已经完成。
1．作定语。单个分词作前置定语；分词短语作后置定语。如：
The building built last year was designed by my uncle. 那栋去年建造的大楼是我叔叔设计的。
2．作表语。如：
The film is interesting. I'm interested in it.
这部电影很有趣。我对它感兴趣。3．作状语。如：
Laughing and talking, they went into the room. 他们有说有笑地走进了房间。
4．作宾语补足语。分词作宾语补足语时通常位于感官动词和使役动词之后。如：
I'll have my hair cut. 我想把我的头发理一下。 bit ┃考点过关┃
●基础过关Ⅰ.根据汉语提示完成句子
1．I'm sorry to hear that the dog you once played a trick on________ (咬) you on the hand.
2．It's very important for us ________ (保护) the environment.
3．At 7 o'clock yesterday evening, I heard him________ (唱歌) in the next room.
4．Mr Wu always spends a lot of time________ (解释) things to us.
5．Local people like to________ (放飞) kites and take a walk in the Olympic Sports Centre.
singingto protectexplainingfly point6．It is impolite to________ (指) at anyone with your chopsticks while having meals.
7．—What are the workers doing over there?
—They are busy ________ (建造) the BRT between Haizhou and Xugou.
8．Will you please________ (借) me your car? My family will go for a vacation.
9．If you want to become a good Marathon athlete, you must practise________ (跑步) every day.
10. I had great difficulty________________ (算出) that maths problem.building lend working outrunningwritingⅡ. 用所给词的适当形式填空
1．Peter turned off the computer after he finished________ (write) an email.
2．You'd better________ (eat) less food before you go to bed.
3．If you become rich, you will have a difficult time________ (realize) what your real happiness is.
4．Nothing can prevent us from________ (realize) our dreams.
5．Mr Scott made a living by________ (sell) old things. eatrealizingrealizingselling6．Li Ming enjoys________ (play) the guitar very much.
7．The ORBIS doctor is training the local doctors how________ (deal) with the blindness.
8．Lei Feng devoted himself to________ (work) for the people all his life.
9．Tom was seen________ (jump) into the river and help the child out.
10．Stop________ (talk), please. Let's begin our meeting.
playing to dealworking to jumptalking●中考透视(　　)1.[2014·随州] —What do you usually have for breakfast?
—I used to________ dumplings, but these days I’m used to________ bread and milk.　　　　　　　　
A．eat; have B．eating; having
C．eating; have D．eat; havingDC(　　)2.[2014·孝感] My old neighbour Charles enjoys ________ photos. He always goes out with his camera.
A．take B．to take
C．taking D．Took
考查非谓语动词辨析。instruction意为“说明(书)”；invention意为“发明”；invitation意为“邀请”；interview意为“面试”。句意：“戴维，你能根据说明书安装好这台机器吗？”“没问题。”根据句意可知A项正确。(　　)3.[2014·咸阳] —What's the most important morning news on CCTV today?
—The Chinese government warned Japan ________ do harm to China's territorial sovereignty (领土主权) again and again.
A．to not B．didn't
C．not to D．do notCC(　　)4.[2014·随州] —Mary was heard ________ just now. What happened?
—Joe was telling her some jokes.
A．cry B．laugh
C．to laugh D．to cry
考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：“有人听到玛丽刚才在笑。发生了什么事？”“乔正在给她讲笑话。”hear sb do sth变被动语态时，必须加上to。故选C。
B(　　)5.[2014·鄂州] —The World Cup is coming. I won't ________ any game!
—I'm looking forward to ________ every match of it, too.
A．miss; to watch
B．miss; watching
C．to miss; watch
D．to miss; watched
D┃语法专练┃(　　)1.If price rises too high, the government has to do something ________ it.
A．stop B．stopped
C．stopping D．to stop
动词不定式在句中作目的状语，说明“采取措施”的目的是“阻止物价过高”。故选D。CD(　　)2.What time do you expect her________？
A．arrive B．is arriving
C．arriving D．to arrive
expect sb to do sth意为“期望/期待某人做某事”。
(　　)3.This maths problem is too difficult. Can you show me________， George?
A．what to work out
B．to work it out
C．how to work it out
D．how to work out it
AA(　　)4.Li Ming advised me ________ too much.
A．not to drink B．to drink
C．not drinking D．to not drink
advise sb not to do sth 意为“建议某人不要做某事”。
(　　)5.[2014·上海] I wouldn't mind ________ a roommate. We can help each other and save money as well.
A．having B．to have
C．have D．had
mind doing sth意为“介意做某事”。
BA(　　)6.John arrived at the airport ________ only_____ that the plane had just taken off.
A．tired; find B．tired; to find
C．tiring; to find D．tiring; find
tired为过去分词，表示主语的状态；only to find为动词不定式作结果状语。
(　　)7.We can make a fire ________ the room warm so that we can chat for a while.
A．to keep B．keeping
C．keep D．kept
CA(　　)8.He was known to ________ for the International Olympic Committee.
A．worked B．has worked
C．have worked D．Work
(　　)9.—Do you know why he left so early?
—________for the English test, I guess.
A．To study B．Study
C．Studied D．Studying
BB(　　)10.—I often have hamburgers for lunch.
—You'd better not. It's bad for you ________ too much junk food.
A．eat B．to eat
C．eating D．Ate
it为形式主语，动词不定式“to eat too much junk food”是真正的主语。
(　　)11.Plan your time carefully and make sure you have some time ________ what you like every day.
A．do B．to do C．doing D．done
CB(　　)12.Go on ________ the other exercise if you want to be healthier.
A．doing B．to be doing
C．to do D．With
(　　)13.The most important thing I want to do is ________．
A．find a good job
B．to find a good job
C．to finding a good job
D．found a good job
DA(　　)14.—Why are you so excited?
—Peter invited me________ on a trip to Yuntai Mountain.
A．to go B．go
C．going D．went
invite sb to do sth意为“邀请某人做某事”，to do sth作宾语补足语。
(　　)15.[2014·北京] My parents always tell me ________ more vegetables and fruit.
A．eat B．Eating C．eats D．to eat
tell sb to do sth意为“告诉某人做某事”。
AB(　　)16.It is wrong of you ________ to the old impolitely.
A．to speak B．speak
C．speaking D．to speaking
(　　)17.—Why did it take Alice almost an hour________home?
—I don't know. Maybe there was something wrong with her car.
A．get B．to get C．getting D．got
“It takes sb ＋一段时间＋ to do sth”意为“做某事花费了某人多长时间”。CD(　　)18.The boy is often made________outside the classroom.
A．stand B．stands
C．to stand D．standing　make sb do sth意为“使某人做某事”，被动形式为“sb be made to do sth”，故选C。
(　　)19.He is so poor that he has no house ___．
A．to live B．living
C．living in D．to live in
C(　　)20.The flowers need ________ every day, or they'll die soon.
A．watered B．being watered
C．watering D．to water
need doing 是主动形式表示被动意义，相当于need to be done。
(　　)21.[2013·杭州] She's not strong enough ________ walking up mountains.
A．to go B．going
C．go D．went
AAA(　　)22.—Why not________ to the park now?
—That's a good idea.
A．go B．to go
C．goes D．going
(　　)23.Do you know the little hero________Lin Hao who saved two students in the Wenchuan earthquake?
A. named B．was named
C．is named D．names
DC(　　)24.[2014·常州] The Yellow River ________ flood large areas, but now the waters of it are used to ________ energy.
A．was used to; producing
B．used to; producing
C．was used to; produce
D．used to; produce
(　　)25.Some boys of Class One enjoy________ music.
A. listen to B．listens to
C．listening to D．listened to
enjoy doing sth 意为“喜欢做某事”，是固定搭配。DC(　　)26.The new term starts. The students are busy ________the classroom.
A．clean B．cleans
C．to clean D．cleaning
be busy doing sth 意为“忙于做某事”，是固定搭配。
(　　)27.—Did you have any problems in London?
—Yes, ________Chinese food like rice, noodles and dumplings.
A．find B．found
C．finding D．to find
A(　　)28.—Do you feel like________or shall we go by bus?
—I prefer to walk, but we must________a taxi, for it's too late.
A．walking; take B．to walk; to take
C．walking; to take D．to walk; take
feel like doing sth意为“想要做某事”，是固定搭配；must后加动词原形。故选A。
CA(　　)29.You should make yourself ________ by others.
A．understand B．understanding
C．understood D．to be understood
此题考查过去分词作宾语补足语。make yourself understood意为“使你自己被理解”。
(　　)30.We'll consider________a robot that can both work and think.
A．making B．to make
C．make D．Made
consider doing sth 意为“考虑做某事”，为固定搭配。
BD(　　)31.I guess there must be someone________ outside the house. Let's go out to see who it is.
A．speaks B．speaking
C．spoke D．to speak
there must be sb doing sth 意为“肯定有某人正在做某事”，现在分词doing表示动作正在进行。
(　　)32.Our Chinese teacher came into the classroom, ________a book under his arm.
A．carries B．carried
C．to carry D．carrying
C(　　)33.While we were running on the playground, Jack suddenly stopped ________ and lay on the ground, so we all stopped _____ what was wrong with him.
A．to run; to see B．running; seeing
C．running; to see D．to run; seeing
stop doing sth意为“停止正在做的事情”；stop to do sth意为“停止原来做的事情去做另一件事情”。
C(　　)34.[2014·达州] —I'm sorry I ________ my exercise book at home this morning.
—It doesn't matter. Don't forget ________ it here this afternoon.
A．left; to take B．forgot; bringing
C．left; to bring D．forgot; to bring
考查动词辨析和非谓语动词。句意：“对不起，今天早上我把我的练习本落在家里了。”“没关系。今天下午不要忘了把它带过来。”leave sth at some place意为“把某物落在某地(忘在某地)”；take意为“带走”；bring意为“带来”；forget to do sth意为“忘记去做某事(未做)”；forget doing sth意为“忘记做过某事(已做)”，所以选择答案C。
AB(　　)35.You must get your room ________ before you leave.
A．cleaned B．to clean
C．cleaning D．to be cleaned
(　　)36.I saw Li Ming ________ near the river on my way home.
A．plays B．playing
C．to play D．Played
(　　)37.—What do you usually do at weekends?
—I often practiseEnglish.
A．speak B．to speak
C．speaking D．spoke
CCA(　　)38.—Don't forget ________ your homework, John.
—OK. I'll do it right now.
A．doing B．do
C．to do D．does
(　　)39.The assistant won't let you_______the cinema if you don't have a ticket.
A．enter B．to enter
C．entering D．entered
D(　　)40.[2014·河南] —Do you climb mountains every day?
—Yes, ________ a little exercise. I'm so out of shape.
A．getting B．get
C．got D．to get
考查非谓语动词。句意：“你每天爬山吗？”“是的，只是为了锻炼。我(的身体)都走样了。”句中用动词不定式表目的。故选D。
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