专题五:动词(短语)【2024高分攻略】高考英语二轮专题复习课件(含答案与解析)

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名称 专题五:动词(短语)【2024高分攻略】高考英语二轮专题复习课件(含答案与解析)
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更新时间 2023-12-19 16:09:38

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(共94张PPT)
高考英语二轮复习(通用版)
动词(短语)
考纲解读
高考对动词和动词短语的考查主要集中在动词和动词短语的辨析,尤其是在特定语境中的应用,动词和动词短语的熟词生义等。动词词义辨析题主要考查结合语境区分动词词义的能力,在平时的学习中应当掌握常用动词的基本意义,注意一词多义和熟词生义;养成推敲句子的含义以及对语境理解的习惯。
考情分析
分析2021-2023年各地区高考有关动词的考向分布。
题型 语法填空、短文改错、单选(天津卷) 完型填空、选词填空(上海卷)
高考考点 名词 名词选项
新高考1卷
2023 allow sb to do 41.finished完成;45.stopped停止;47.bent down弯腰;49.assessed评估;53.leave离开;
2022 serve as 42.camped露营;46.worked起作用;47.headed off启程;48.interrupted中断50.start启动
2021 41.made制作;45.earn挣得;46.worked运作;49.Remove移动;51.Slow down慢一点;52.expected预料;53.smiled微笑;54.. delivering送货;55.appreciate欣赏
考情分析
新高考II卷
2023 44.happened碰巧45.offered提供、主动提出46.pick up接载50.work out解决51.load装载52.call打电话
2022 27.plan计划28.please取悦30.staying停留33.sending发送
2021 21.speak讲话25.joined 加入28.invited 邀请30.excuse 找借口31.note down作记录34.escape 逃避
考情分析
全国甲卷
2023 41.stayed暂住42.making使;让44.bring带来50.tried尝试56.pack打包59.grown成长60.given给
2022 43.learned了解到45.worried担心47.walked牵着(动物)走51.continued继续54.suggested建议,推荐56.respected尊重57.caring照顾59.need需要
2021 21.packing包装22.visit拜访23.bring带来26.laid放28.left离开33.get out出去35.matured成熟39.reconsider重新考虑40.worked起作用
考情分析
全国乙卷
2023 study是及物动词,后面应该直接接宾语,故删除with 41.knew知道、熟悉42.pack up整理、收拾行李44.ride骑、漂浮47.went off离开48.train培训49.met遇到、见过51.defeated打败52.transformed转换、改造55.winning赢得56.led带领、领先58.. took需要60.shine照耀、发光
2022 41.escaping避开44.interpreted解释46.contradicted相矛盾49.see看见52.speak说prehended理解58.insist on坚持
2021 43.put to the test经受考验,接受……的考验44.recovering恢复45.attempting试图,尝试47.requiring需要51.leaving离开53.reached到达54.refused拒绝55.doing做56.replied回答,回应;59.saving拯救,挽救
考情分析
北京卷
2023 2.chat闲聊3.write写4.laughing笑5.flying by飞越;飞逝6.complaining抱怨9.tell告诉;看出,判断出;区分
2022 1.spotted看见、注意到5.recover恢复、康复6.arrive到达
2021 1.watching 看着2.adjusted 调整6.climb 爬上7.grabbed 抓着
考情分析
浙江卷
2023年1月 41.witness见证;目睹44.followed跟随45.gathered聚集、采集46.lit点燃;点亮47.climbing攀爬50.inched缓慢移动51.slid down滑下53.hatching孵化
2022年1月 17.go through经历22.compromise使陷入危险、妥协24.include包括28.expect期待、预期29.understand理解33.add补充说
2022年6月 16.love爱24.afford支付得起25.introduce介绍28.believe相信31.develop发展,培养32.follow跟随34.giving给
2021年7月 18.buy买22.bring使……处于某种状况,使……到某地23.check out结账离开24.bag把……装进袋子26.put back放回28.asked询问29.repay报答35.make one’s day使某人开心
2021年1月 16.research研究17.found发现19.arriving到达23. carry携带25. build建造26.meant意味27.seen看到30.caught捉住34.survived生存
考情分析
天津卷
2022 ignore忽视 17.mess up搞砸20.crashing崩溃24.flowing流动25.had a point有道理26.climb爬29.figure out理解,想出30.shout喊叫32.removed去除,使消失33.epping aside下台,让位34.consume消耗
2021run out of用完,用尽;stayed保持 17.preferred更喜欢19.get along相处,进展20.mind介意25.struggled奋斗,努力26.stopped停止27.experienced体验,经历28.join参加32.maintain保持
考情分析
知识链接
知识清单一 动词的分类
知识链接
行为动词或实义动词
在英语中绝大多数的动词都是行为动词。行为动词能独立作句子的谓语。复习行为动词时,要注意三种情况:一是它们是及物动词还是不及物动词;二是它们是延续性动词还是非延续性动词;三是一些动词、动词短语的特殊用法。
知识链接
1. 及物动词(vt.)与不及物动词(vi.)
所谓及物动词,就是其后必须跟宾语才能表达完整意思的动词。而不及物动词之后则不跟宾语,它的意思也完整,请注意,有很多动词既可作及物动词,又可作不及物动词,但意思上存在差异。例如:
—What do they grow in the field 他们在田里种什么?
—They grow vegetables.(vt.)他们种蔬菜。
What are you going to do when you grow up (vi.)你长大后将要干什么?
They left last week. 他们是上周离开的。(left 作不及物动词)
When did they leave Chicago 他们是什么时候离开芝加哥的?(leave 作及物动词)
知识链接
有些及物动词之后可以接两个宾语: 直接宾语和间接宾语。 前者常指物, 表示动作的承受者或者结果; 后者常指人, 表示动作的执行者或者对象。接双宾语的结构主要有两种:
(1)动词+ 间接宾语 + 直接宾语。例如:
Please pass me the ruler. 请把尺子递给我。
(2)动词+ 直接宾语+ to/for + 间接宾语。例如:
Please pass the ruler to me. 请把尺子递给我。
知识链接
在动词 give, pass, show, hand, lend, return, sell, send, take, bring 等后面用 to 表示 “给”, 强调动作的对象。如:
Mary, lend your book to your sister. 玛丽,把你的书借给你姐姐
在动词 buy, get, make, choose, cook, do, find, sing 等后面用 for 表示 “为; 替”, 强调动作的目的。例如:
My mother cooks delicious food for me every day.
我妈妈每天为我煮美味的食物。
知识链接
2. 延续性动词与非延续性动词
表示行为动作可以持续不断进行的动词叫延续性动词,如 live, work 等;而表示动作瞬间即结束的动词叫非延续性动词,或者叫结束性动词,如 begin, die, reach, leave 等。
延续性动词后可以与表示一段时间的时间状语连用,而非延续性动词则不能。若非延续性动词要与表示一段时间的状语连用,就必须将非延续性动词改为可以替代它的延续性动词或动词短语,最常见的有: buy→have; borrow→keep; die→be dead; begin/start→be on; end/finish→be over; leave→be away; join→be in/be a member of; go out→be out
误: How long may I borrow this book (要将 borrow 改为 keep)
误: Hurry up! The play has begun for ten minutes! (要将 begun 改为 been on)
知识链接
助动词主要有 do, does, did, have, has, had, am, is, are, was, were, will, would, shall, should。助动词本身没有意义,不能单独作谓语,在句中与行为动词一起构成各种时态、语态或肯定、否定及疑问结构。
一)助动词be(am, is, are, was, were)的用法
1. 助动词be后跟现在分词构成进行时态。
Who is playing the violin 谁在拉小提琴?
2. 助动词be/been后跟过去分词构成被动语态。
He was asked to do the work. 有人要他干这件工作。
You are invited to attend the meeting. 有人邀请你参加会议。
助动词
知识链接
3. 助动词be 后跟不定式作谓语,有如下几种情况:
①表示计划、安排将要发生的事。
I'm to have supper with John this afternoon.今天下午我要与约翰一起吃晚饭。
②表示指示、命令,否定式表禁止。
You are to see the headmaster today.今天你必须去见校长。
You are not to enter the room without permission.未经允许你不能进入房间。
③表示义务、责任等,同should。
You are to be back before five. 你得在5点钟以前回来。
二)助动词have (has, had)的用法
助动词have可以构成完成时或完成进行时。如:
We have already finished the work. He has been a doctor for 10 years.
他当医生十年了。
知识链接
三)do(does, did) 的用法
1. 构成疑问句或否定句
He doesn’t do his homework carefully. 他做作业不仔细。(注意:句子中的do是实义动词)
2. 加强语气。
He did tell that.他的确告诉了此事。Do come and see us.一定来看我们。
3. 代替前面刚出现的动词,避免重复。
He speaks French as fluently as she does. 他讲法语和她讲的一样流利。
4. 用于倒装句中。
Never did he pay attention to my words.他从不注意我的话。
He likes dancing. So do I. 他喜欢跳舞,我也一样。
知识链接
四)shall (should)和will (would) 的用法
1. shall(should)用于第一人称的将来时中。如:
I shall think it over. 我要好好考虑一下。 When shall I see you again 我何时再见到你?
I rang up to tell her that I should leave for London. 我打电话告诉她我要去伦敦。
2. will用于第二、第三人称的将来时态中,在现代英语中可以用于所有人称
You will have an English test tomorrow.明天你有英语小测验。
He wanted to know when you would finish the writing.他想知道你何时完成写作。
知识链接
连系动词
常用连系动词 词义 例句
be 是 I’m a girl with short hair.
become 成为,变得 Mike becomes interested in Chinese.
turn 变得 Mr. White’s face turned red.
get 变得 The weather is getting bad.
smell 闻起来 The flowers smell nice.
sound 听起来 The plan sounds good.
taste 尝起来 The soup tastes delicious.
知识链接
stay 保持 The shop stays open till 8 pm.
grow 成长,变得 Her hair is growing white.
keep 保持 The girl keeps silent all the time.
feel 感到,摸起来 The coat feels very soft
look 看起来 My mother looks very young.
注意 1.连系动词不能单独作谓语,其后必须接形容词、名词或介词短语作表语。2.含连系动词(be除外)的句子变疑问句时一定要借助助动词do,does,did等。
知识链接
表示状态:be
表示感官:feel摸起来,look看起来,smell闻起来,sound听起来,taste尝起来
表示变化:become变得,go变得,run变得,fall变得,grow逐渐变得,turn变得
表示终止:prove证实,turn out变成
表示持续:keep保持,stay保持,remain保持不变,stand处于
系动词
知识链接
情态动词
情态动词 意义及用法 例句
may 表示“请求许可”,意思是“可以,可能”,其一般疑问句的否定回答为mustn’t。 —May I go out and play football —No,you mustn’t. 
表推测,意思是“可能”。 Mr.Li may be at home.
知识链接
can(could)
表示“能力”,意思是“能,会”,否定形式为can’t, couldn’t。 Mike can speak a little Chinese.I could ride the bike when I was 6 years old.
用在疑问句中,表示“征求意见”,could比can的语气更委婉、客气。 Could you tell me something about your school
表推测,常用在否定句和疑问句中。 He can’t be at home.He has gone to Japan.
can用于一般现在时及一般过去时两种时态,be able to可以用于各种时态。 He can spell these words.He has been able to draw pictures already.
知识链接
must
表示义务、命令或要求,意思是“必须,应该”,否定形式为mustn’t,意思是“不应该,不允许”,表示警告。 You must be careful next time.You mustn’t take photos here.
表示推测,意为“必定”。 He must be in the room.
表示说话人的主观看法。 I must go home now.
must引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答时用must,have to;否定回答时用needn’t或don’t have to。 —Must I finish the homework today —No,you needn’t/you don’t have to.
need 
表示“需要”,多用于否定句。 He needn’t worry about it.
作实义动词,后接动词不定式。 I’m very tired and I need to have a rest.
知识链接
一、高频动词+介词\副词
使用频率较高的动词有:break, bring, call, cut, come, go, get, have, keep, look, put, set, turn, pay, pick, make;
使用频率较高的介词或副词:away, for, in, off, out, on, over, up等。
考试清单二 高频动词短语
知识链接
这类动词短语相当于及物动词,其后必修有宾语,且介词与动词不能分开,宾语只能放在介词之后,如:
account for解释,说明,占比 adjust to调整,适应 all for要求
add to增加, break into破门而入 ask for索取,寻找
care about 关心,在乎 come across偶然遇到 go for努力获取
deal with处理 get over克服 hope for希望,期待
get into养成(习惯) rely on依靠,依赖 pay for偿还,赔偿
answer for负责 provide for供给 laugh at嘲笑
plan for打算,为……计划 fall behind落在......后面 send for派人去
feel like想要 refer to提到,参考 stick to坚持
No. 1 动词+介词
知识链接
No. 2 动词+away
throw away扔掉 put away把……收拾好
give away捐赠,分发 carry away运走 run away 潜逃,跑开 go away 走开
send for派人去请
No. 3 动词+on
try on试穿,试验 put on穿上,上演
have on穿着,戴着 pull on穿,戴
hold on不挂断,坚持,继续 carry on继续开展,坚持
keep on继续 go on继续
get on上(车)
知识链接
No. 4 动词+over
come over过来 hand over移交
go over仔细检查,复习 get over克服,恢复
look over检查 think over仔细考虑
take over接受,接管 hand over 移交
turn over翻转
知识链接
No. 5 动词+up
bring up抚育,培养 call up召唤,打电话给
come up走上前来,长出 cut up切碎
fix up修理 give up放弃;go up 上升,增长
grow up 长大 look up尊敬,向上看,查寻
make up虚构,弥补,组成 put up举起,搭建
set up建立,创(纪录) send up发射
pick up 捡起,(开车)接某人,偶然得到
show up 揭露,露面 turn up出现,把……调高一点
知识链接
No. 6 动词+out
come out出来 go out出去,熄灭
look out留神,当心 walk out走出
set out出发,开始 put out扑灭,生产
give out发出,发表 hand out分发
pick out挑选 find out找出,发现
speak out大声地说 turn out生产,结果是
get out出去,离开 carry out实行,执行
work out计算出,解决,实行,行得通
bring out出版 start out 出发,动身。
知识链接
No. 1 动词+名词
lose patience失去耐心 lose heart灰心 make a bet打赌
make a face做鬼脸 take effect生效 take place发生
take action/measures/steps采取措施 give way让步
lose weight减肥 lead the way领路 make a fortune发财
take one’s time慢慢来 take exercise做锻炼 take turns轮流
take advice征求意见 make a difference有影响
二、动词+名词
知识链接
No. 2 动词+名词+介词
take care of 照顾 make fun of 取笑 take account of 考虑到
take part in参加 make friends with 与……交朋友
find fault with 挑……的毛病 make progress in 在……方面取得进步
get rid of 摆脱 lose sight of 看不见 pay attention to 注意
put an end to结束 take advantage of利用 take notice of注意到
take pride in以......为豪 catch sight of看到 play a part in起作用
make room for为……腾出空间 make contributions to 对……作出贡献
知识链接
No. 3 动词+介词+名词
Point1 动词后需跟宾语类的短语有:
bring.. to an end 使……结束
bring... under control 使……在掌控下
keep/have... in mind 记住……
put... into effect 使……生效
learn... by heart 记住……
Point2 动词后不带宾语类的短语有:
burst into tears突然大哭起来 come into being产生
come to power执政 come into use开始被使用
come into effect生效 put on weight 长胖
知识链接
No. 1 动词+反身代词+介词
abandon oneself to沉溺于 addict oneself to沉溺于
adapt oneself to使自己适应 devote oneself to致力于
apply oneself to 专注于 lose oneself in 专心于
No. 2 动词+副词+介词
break away from脱离 be fed up with厌倦
catch up with赶上 come up with提出 date back to追溯到 go in for从事
live up to不辜负 look down upon蔑视 look forward to盼望 run out of用光
三、其他常考动词短语
知识链接
No. 3 be+形容词+介词
be angry with 对……生气 be busy with 忙于……
be harmful to对……有害
be famous for 因……而著名 be friendly to对……友好
be good at 擅长
be different from 与……不同 be interested in 对……感兴趣
be popular with...受......的欢迎
知识链接
1. believe词组
believe in 确信,信任,信仰,主张
believe one's ears 相信所听到的话
make believe 假装(pretend to do sth.)
seeing is believing 眼见为实
2. blow词组
blow about 吹散 blow away 吹走
blow off 吹掉,吹散,吹灭
blow out吹灭,走气
blow up,放大(照片),吹大(气球),爆炸,发脾气
give sb. a heavy blow 给某人以沉重打击
四、高频动词归纳
知识链接
3. break词组
break away 摆脱,脱离
break away from … 脱离……,奋力挣脱……、打破
break down 出故障,中止,分解、抛锚、破坏,粉碎;瓦解;衰弱,损坏;(健康等)垮掉,累垮;崩溃
break in 打断,插话,闯入,强行进入,使顺服
break into … 闯入……,破门而入,突然开始,把(sth.)分成
break (sth) off (使某物)折断,中断某事物,突然停止,打断,断绝
break out (战争、火灾)突然发生,爆发,准备使用;起锚
break open 破开,撬开 break short 中断,折断
break out in tears 突然大哭 break the rule(law) 违反规定
break one’s promise 失言 break through 突围,冲跨,克服,挤过去
break up vt. 分解,分裂,拆散,碎开,开垦,vi.结束
知识链接
4. bring词组
bring about 引起,导致,使发生,促使 bring along 把……带来,领来
bring back 拿(送)回来,使恢复,使回忆
bring sth / sb back to life 使……生动/活泼,使……苏醒
bring down 使……降低,减少,使……倒下,使……落下,浓缩,收缩,击落
bring down / up (the price) 降价/提价
bring forth开(花),结(果),发表,宣布,提出
bring forward 提出
bring in 引进(技术),赚钱,带来(收入),吸收
bring into action 使行动起来,使生效
bring into effect/practice 完成,实现,实施,实行
bring into operation 使运转,将...投入生产
知识链接
bring into (full) play 发挥,调动,利用
bring sb.into touch with...接触,触摸
bring on 发展,引起,导致,使前进,提出(论点)
bring out 拿出,公布,出版,生产,揭露,阐明,使表现出
bring off 完成,救出,使成功,搬走
bring to 使苏醒
bring … to use = put …to use 对……加以利用
bring through 治愈,使度过困难/危险时期
bring / carry sth to / into effect 实施……
bring to light 出现,公布,暴露
bring to mind 使想起,回忆起
bring up 抚养,培养,哺育,使停止
知识链接
5. build词组
build ... into 把...建设成,把...装入
build on / upon 建立在...上,依赖,指望
build up 增加,增进,建成,振兴
build up to 增加
6. burst为中心的词组
burst forth 爆发,喷出,忽然出现
burst in 闯进,突然出现
burst into 闯进,突然...起来,突然发出
burst into tears / laughter 嚎啕大哭/放声大笑
burst out 迸发,爆发,突然发出,大声叫喊
burst out crying / laughing嚎啕大哭/放声大笑
知识链接
7. call词组
call away 叫走,把(注意力)转移开
call at (sp) 访问(某地),拜访(某地),停泊在
call back 回电话 call / shout for help 呼救
call for 提倡,号召,要求,需要,去接某人,接走某人,迎,取
call in 请来,召集,来访,打电话,引入
call off 取消,下令停止 call on / upon 号召
call on (sb) 拜访(某人),访问(某人)
call out 大声呼喊,叫喊,唤起 call sb…for short 简称某人……
call sb names 谩骂某人 call to mind 使想起,回忆起
call up 给……打电话,使人想起,号召,召集
pay a call at sp. 访问(某地) pay a call on sb. 拜访(某人)
知识链接
8. catch词组
be caught in the rain 淋雨 catch /take fire 着火
catch on 挂住,明白,理解,受欢迎 catch one’s word 听懂话
catch out 发觉,抓住某人的错处 catch sight of 发现,瞥见
9. carry词组
carry about 随身携带
carry away 冲走,带走,冲昏某人头脑
carry back 拿回,运回,使想起
carry ...into effect /practice 执行,实行,实现,完成
carry off 带走叼走,夺去...的生命,获得(奖品)
carry on 坚持,继续,进行
carry out 贯彻,执行,实施,完成
carry through 坚持到底,进行到底,贯彻,完成
知识链接
10. check词组
check in 报到,登记,投宿旅馆 check off 检验,清点
check on 检查,调查 check up 核对,检查,检验
check with 商议,符合,核对无误
check out 查明,结帐,付款而离开旅馆
11. clear词组
clear away 扫除,消除
clear off 清除,清理,(云雾)消散,(雨)停
clear out 清除,扫出
clear through 通过(检查,批准)
clear up(天)变晴,打扫,消除
make it clear that...使人明白
知识链接
12. come词组
come about 发生,产生,(风,帆)改变方向
come across 偶然相遇,想起;越过;偿付
come along 一道来,随同,进展,出现
come at … 向……袭击,达到,求得,得到;扑向,袭击
come back 回来,想起来,复原
come down 下来,下落,倒下,降落;跌落;病倒
come down to… 到达,从一处来到另一处
come for… 来拿,来取
come from… 来自,出生于,起源于
come in 进来,进入,流行起来;获名次
come into being 形成,产生,出现
come into operation开始运转,实施,生效
知识链接
come into possession of占有,拥有 come over 访问,越过
come into the possession of被...占有,被...拥有
come off 脱落,从……离开
come on 过来,加油,赶快,上演;开始;登台;(问题)被提出
come near 接近,不亚于,几乎,差一点
come on / upon sb / sth 偶然遇见,偶然碰上,偶然发现
come out 露出,出来,出现,出版,发(芽),(花)开,出版;结果是;褪色;(秘密)泄露
come over to… 过来,顺便来访,从一个地方来到另一个地方
come round / around (非正式)来访,串门,绕道
come off (头发,牙齿,纽扣)脱落,离开
come to … 来到,出现,提及,达到,共计,结果是,苏醒,达到;归结于,渐渐(to do sth =get to do sth.)
知识链接
come to a decision 作出决定 come to an end 结束,终止
come to know 逐渐地知道 come to light 显露,为人所知,明朗化
come to terms with… 甘心忍受 come up to sb 朝某人走来
come to life (变得)活泼,苏醒过来,栩栩如生
come to oneself 苏醒过来,恢复知觉
come to a stop 结束,停止,停顿
come to / into power 当权,上台
come / go to ruin = fall into ruin 变成废墟
come true 变为现实,成为事实,证实
come up 被提出,上来(风浪)猛烈起来,抬头,走近;上楼;长出,发芽,流行起来
come up with … 提出,想出(主意),找出(答案),赶上
come upon (偶然)遇见,突然发生
知识链接
13. cross词组
cross out / off 打消,删去,除去 cross one's fingers交叉手指(表祝福)
cross one's mind想起 cross over横贯,穿过,交叉
cross sb. in 与某人作对,在...中阻碍某人
14. cut词组
a cut above 胜过一筹 a short cut 近路,捷径
cut in 插嘴,加塞,插入 cut in line 插队
cut sth. open 切开,切伤 cut out 删除,剪下来,切下
cut sth.short 缩减,截短 cut through 凿通,挖通,贯穿cut/break/make a /the record 创造新记录,打破记录
cut away 切除,剪去,砍掉,逃走 cut down 砍倒,砍下,削减,缩短
cut off 切断(线路),中断(供应),剪下,关掉
cut up 切碎,剪碎,剁碎,齐根切掉,割裂,歼灭
知识链接
15. do词组
be done in 精疲力竭 be done with 完全结束
do the deed 付诸行动,生效 do about 处理,应付
do and don’t 要与不要 do a good deed 做一件好事
do a test 做实验,做化验 do a word puzzle 猜字谜
do away with 废除,废除;弄死;浪费
do body-building 做健身操 do chores 处理琐事,干家务
do /cause damage to 损害 do its work 有效,有作用
do housework 做家务活 do make-up 化妆,打扮
do observations 观察 do one’s best 尽某人最大努力
do much 极有用 do sb. right 公平对待,正确批评某人
do research on… 从事……研究工作
知识链接
do sb honor = do honor to sb 礼遇某人,对某人表示敬意
do sb. justice 公平对待某人
do up 打扮,梳妆,收拾,把(衣服,鞋子等)扣/系好,捆,扎,刷新
do up one’s shoes / hair 系好鞋带/梳好头
do up the button 扣纽扣
do well / better in… 在……方面干得好/更好
do wonders 创造奇迹,产生奇特的效果
do with 处理,处置,对付,和~~相处,忍受
do without 不需要...也行,不用
do wrong 做坏事,做错事(do right = do the right thing 做得对)
in doing so=in so doing 这时,在这种情况下
知识链接
16. drive词组
drive away vi.开车走掉 vt.赶走,驱赶 drive off 驱散
drive out 逐出,乘车出去 drive sb.mad 使某人发疯
drive through 乘车穿过(街道等)
17. fall词组
fall ill /asleep /silent 生病/睡着/沉默 fall back撤退,后退
fall behind 落后,落伍,落在后面 fall in love with...爱上(某人)
fall down 倒下,落下,掉下,病倒,失败
fall into 陷入,养成,开始,渐渐 fall into a habit of 养成...习惯
fall off 掉下,衰退,减少 fall to pieces 破碎,崩溃,瓦解
fall over 摔倒,落在...上,(头发)披在肩上
fall into ruins 成为废墟
fall to the guound 坠地,失败,落空
知识链接
18. fix词组
fix a date / time for...为...安排日期/时间
fix up 修理,安装,安排,建造,提供
fix on / upon 确定,决定
fix one's eyes on/upon 注视,凝视
fix one's attention on/upon专心于,把注意力集中在
out of fix (钟表)不准,不健全
19. get词组
get at 意指,本意是,发现,了解;掌握;攻击
get about 四处走动,活动,徘徊,旅行;流传
get above oneself 自视高傲
get across 度过,通过,横过;说服,使被理解
get ahead of 胜过,超过
知识链接
get along 前进,进步;同意;离去,相处
get around 走动,传播,影响,说服
get away 移走,逃离(from),出发,开始度假
get back 回来,取回,找回,退还,报复
get behind 落后;识破 get close to 接近
get down vt.咽下;写下;使沮丧,使倒下vi.下来
get down on one’s knees 跪下
get down to (doing) sth 认真对待,静下心来开始(做)某事
get in 进入,收获,达到,陷入;牵涉
get in a word 插话 get into 进入,陷入,养成
get sb into… 使某人陷入
get it 接(电话),应(门),理解,懂得
get off 下车,脱下(衣服等),送走,动身
知识链接
get on 上车,过活,穿上;进步,使前进;成功;相处
get on / along with… 进展,与……相处
get on/upon with 进步;在~~方面获得成功
get one's hand in 熟悉;习惯
get on one’s feet (艰难地)站立起来
get out vi. 摆脱,出去,下车,泄露,离开
get out of 逃避,避免,由~~出来,从~~得出,退休
get over 克服,恢复,原谅,越过,痊愈;克服,完成
get up 起床,起身,研究,钻研;致力于;安排
get through 接通(电话),完成(工作),通过(议案、考试等),到达
get to 到达,抵达 get to sleep 入睡,设法睡着
get / gain / take possession of 占有,拥有,占领
知识链接
get ready for 为……做准备
get rid of 除掉,去掉
get sb to do 让某人做
get the idea for… 想到……的主意
get the message across 传播信息
get together 相聚,碰头,联欢,积聚,商谈,取得一致意见
get / be engaged (to sb) (与某人)订婚
20.give词组
be given to 沉溺于,习惯于,癖好
give about 分配;传播
give and take 相互迁就,互让
give away 赠送,给予,背弃,泄露,分发,牺牲,颁发
知识链接
give back 归还,送回 give back 归还,反射
give cause 给予~~的理由 give ear to 侧耳倾听
give forth 发出,放出;发表 give in 投降,让步,屈服
give in to 同意,接受;向~~让步 give oneself out as/to be 自称为
give off 释放,发出,放出 (烟、光、热、气味等)
give oneself up to 专心于;向~~自首
give out vt.分发,公布,发出,使筋疲力尽 vi.用完,用完,耗尽
give(hand)over转交,移交 give place to 让位于,被~~所替代
give rise to引起,导致;使~~发生 give up 放弃,辞去,停止
give a concert 开音乐会 give a description of… 描述……
give / make a speech 演讲,讲话 give a talk 演讲,做报告
give birth to 生婴儿,生产,造成 give close attention to 密切关注
知识链接
give medical care to sb 对某人进行治疗
give shade in summer (夏天时)遮阳
give / lend sb a hand 给某人帮助
give sb a second look 再看某人一眼
give sb a warm welcome 热烈欢迎某人
give sb. to understand 通知某人,使明白
give sb some advice on sth / doing sth / how to do sth 就……向某人提出建议/忠告
give way to 让步,退却;屈服于
given that...假定,给定,已知
知识链接
21. go词组
go abroad 出国 go about 四处走走,开始做,着手干,(谣言等)流传
go about from house to house 挨/逐家拜访
go against 违反,违背,反对,不利于
go across 度过,越过
go ahead 说吧,干吧,领先,走在前面,前进,进展
go after 追逐,追求,跟随
go / walk around 四处走走
go all about 鼓足干劲,全力以赴
go along 前进,进行下去
go away 走开,离去
go around 走来走去,四处走动
知识链接
go back 回去
go beyond 超越
go by 走过,经过,(时间)消逝,过去
go down to 延续到,继续到
go down 下来,落下,倒下 ,垮台,(风等)平静,沉没
go down on one’s knees 跪下
go for 为……去,努力获取,主张,适用于,去(取,拿)
go for sb 对某人也一样
go in 进去,(日月等)被云遮蔽
go in for 参加,喜欢,赞成,从事,为...而努力
go into 详细调查,进入,参加,从事
go into details 细说
go off 走开,离去,(闹钟)闹响,爆炸
知识链接
go off to = be off to = leave for 动身去
go off the air 停止广播(比较:go on the air 开始广播)
go on 发生,进行,继续
go on with...继续做,忍受
go out 熄灭,出去,外出,离开,下台,退休
go over 复习,过一遍,仔细检查,审阅,越过
go round 拜访,绕道走,绕...运行
go past 从……的旁边过去
go up 上升,上涨,增长,攀登
go with…与……相配,和...一道走,同意
go without 忍受没有……之苦,没有……也行,没有……也能勉强应付
go straight along 沿着……一直往前走
知识链接
go through 通过,浏览,仔细检查,审查,履行,忍受
go through with 完成 go up 上升,上涨,攀登
go with 与...相配,和...一道走,同意
have a go 企图,试图 want a go 试一试
22. have词组
have a break 休息一下
have a bright future 有一个灿烂的未来
have a conversation with sb 与某人交谈
[比较:have a dialogue with sb 与某人对话
have a talk with sb (about sth) (就某事)与某人进行交流
have a word with sb = would like a word with sb 和某人谈几句,跟某人说句话]
have a good laugh over… 对……笑了个够
知识链接
have a hit 风靡一时 have an eye for 有眼力,有眼光
have (got ) a pain (in the…) (身体某部位)痛
have to = have got to 不得不,必须
have mercy on… 宽恕……,对……仁慈,对……表示怜悯
have sth on sb 某人身上带着某物
23. hold词组
hold back 退缩,踌躇,阻挡,控制住,隐瞒
hold to / by 坚持,固守 hold down 压制,压低,缩减
hold off 耽搁,不接近,离开 hold one’s breath 屏息,不出气
hold on 等一等,不要挂电话 hold on to 抓住,保住
hold out 伸出,坚持下去,维持,提出,支持,主张
hold up 阻挡,使停顿,举起,拿起,阻滞
hold with 和...意见一致,赞成 hold together 连在一起,团结一致
知识链接
24. keep词组
keep at 坚持,不停地做 keep away from 避开,别靠近
keep company with...和...结交 keep to 坚持,固守,遵守
keep back 隐瞒,忍住,阻止……向前,留下,扣留
keep dark 保守秘密 keep down 控制,缩减
keep in 闭门不出 keep off 勿踏,勿踩
keep off sb / sth 不接触或不接近某人/某事物
keep on 继续进行 keep out 不得入内
keep…out 把……挡住,把……留在外面
keep out of … 不进入… keep pace with...跟上,同...步调一致
keep time 合拍子,按时,(钟表)走得准
keep up 继续,保持,坚持,使(情绪等)不低落
keep up with… = catch up with… 跟上,赶上,与...并肩前进
知识链接
keep an eye on 注视,留心,注意,照顾(keep an eye out for 注视,留心,注意)
keep a date 赴约 keep one’s appointment 守约
keep silent over … 对……保持沉默 keep the same look 保持原貌
keep watch 保持警戒,站岗,守望,值班,注意
in good /high(bad/low)keep 保存得好(坏)
25.knock词组
knock at /on 敲打(门、窗等) knock down 把……撞倒,击倒
knock into 撞到,撞上某人,偶然碰见
knock sb out (of sth) 淘汰某人 knock over 撞翻,撞倒
26.lay词组
lay aside 把..放在一边,抛弃,贮藏 lay down 放下,使躺下,放弃,牺牲
lay off (暂时)解雇,放弃,停止 lay out 花费,投资,不置,打昏
知识链接
27. leave词组
give leave 准假 leave about乱放,乱丢
leave alone 听任,任其自然 leave...as it is.听其自然
leave behind 留下,忘记携带 leave off 停止,脱去,戒除
leave out 省去,遗漏,不把...计算在内
leave office 离职,下台 leave over 留下,剩下,延期
leave room for 为...让出地方
leave sth, to / with sb把...交给/留给某人.
leave sb, sth. 把...交给/留给某人 on leave 休假,请假
28.look词组
look at 看着,注视,检查,着眼于 look about 四下环顾;查看
look ahead 向前看,展望未来 look after 照顾,照料,照看
look(admire)at oneself in the mirror 照镜子
知识链接
look around / about 四处看看,四下环顾
look back 回首,回忆,回顾过去
look back on/upon… 回顾……,回忆……
look forward to sth /doing sth 盼望,期盼某事物/做某事
look for 寻找,期望 look in 来访,参观,看望
look into… 往……里面看,浏览,调查,研究
look (right) into sb’s eyes 直视着 look on/upon 旁观,面向,观望
look on / upon ...as...把...看作 look one's age 和年龄相称
look out 向外看;注意,当心,提防,警惕
look out for 警惕,留心,找出来,寻找
look over… 翻阅,(仔细)检查,从上面看过去
look through 看透,仔细查看,浏览,翻阅,温习
look to 面向,注意 look / be worried 看上去/感到担心
知识链接
look up 仰视,往上看,(在字典或参考书中)查阅,查寻,,涨价
look up to sb 敬仰,仰望,尊敬(look down on / upon sb 瞧不起,鄙视,轻视)
29.make词组
make into 制成,作成(后面跟产品,制成品)
be made in 在……生产/制造
be made of 由……组成/构成,用某种原材料制成(物理变化)(能看出)
made from 由……组成/构成,用某种原材料制成(化学变化)(看不出)
be made up of = consist of 由……组成,由……构成]
make out 理解,看清楚
make up 化妆,打扮,和解,配制,编造,虚构,构成,组成
make up for 弥补,补充,补偿 made up one’s mind 下决心
知识链接
make advantages/use of 使用,利用 make after 追求,追赶
make a beeline for走直路,走进路,朝...径直走去
make a choice 做出选择 make a commitment 承诺,保证
make a comment / comments (on / upon…) (对……)发表评论
make a fool of sb = fool sb 愚弄某人(比较:make fool of … 愚弄)
make a point of doing sth 认为做某事重要或有必要
make a promise 承诺 make a will 立下遗嘱
make (a) suggestion (on …) 提出(关于……)的建议
make a telephone call 打电话
make / take a trip / journey to … 去某地旅行
make conversation 交谈 make eyes at...抛眉眼,以目示意
make for 去向,向~~前进;有利于 make towards 向...前进
make fun of… 取笑,嘲笑,和……开玩笑
知识链接
make it(事业上)获得成功
make into 把~~制成,使~~转变为
make jokes about sb 拿某人开玩笑,以某人为笑柄
make mistake about… 犯了……错误
make much of 重视;理解;赏识
make one’s way to… 往……走去
make one's mind on sth. 决定某事
make one's own 当作自己的看待
make out 填写;开支票;理解;辨认
make progress (in …) (在……方面)取得进步
make sense 有意义,有道理,讲得通
make sense of… 弄懂……的意思
make sth to (one’s own) measure (按自己的尺寸)定做
知识链接
make sure 确保,确认,查明
make the adjustment to… 适应……
make the / one’s bed 整理床铺
make up弥补,修理,赔偿,起草,编造,化装,配制,占...比例,讲和
make way for 为~~让路,让路于
make up to 接近,巴结;向~~求爱
on the make 急求成功;增加,损人利己追求名利
30.meet词组
meet the case 适合,令人满意
meet the need/demand/requirement of满足...需要
meet with 偶然碰见,遭受
meet...by chance/accident偶然碰见
make both ends meet 使收支相抵
知识链接
31.open词组
be open to 对...开放,易于接受,经不起(诱惑)
open a for b 为b展开/打开a
open to 朝...开,朝向,通向
open up开发,开创,开辟,开垦,吐露真情,打开,展现
with open eyes 睁着眼睛,留神地,吃惊地
with open arms 张开双臂,热诚(欢迎)
32.owe词组
owe ... to...把...归功于,把...归因于
owe much to 多亏了,在很大程度上归功于
owe it to...that...归功于,幸亏
知识链接
33.pass词组
pass away 去世,(时间)过去 pass into 变成,化为
pass by 通过,从旁边经过,(时间)过去
pass down 传下来,流传,使世代相传 ,一代一代传下去
pass on (to sb) 转交给(某人),传给(某人)
pass on/upon 传递,通过 pass out 失去知觉,昏厥
pass on from one generation to the next 一代代流传下来
pass out of one's mind 被人忘掉 pass over 忽视,置之不理
pass through 穿过,越过
pass sth from one to another 把某事物从一人传到另一人手上
34.pay词组
pay back 偿还(借款),报答,报复
pay for 付款,付费,付代价 pay off 还清(欠款)
知识链接
35. pick词组
pick and choose 仔细挑选,挑挑拣拣
pick off 摘下,逐个地射死 pick on 挑选,挑剔,惹恼
pick one's way/steps 小心地走路,择路而行
pick one's words精选用词 pick out 挑选,认出
pick up 开车接(某人),接收,获得,搭载,恢复,爬起,捡起,学会,认识,购买(便宜商品)
pick up with...结识,与...交朋友
36.pull词组
pull/make/wear a long face 拉长脸,不高兴
pull about 把...拖来拖去,虐待 pull away 拖出,离开
pull apart 拉开,扯断,严加批评
pull down 拉下,拉倒,推翻,拆毁,使(价格)下降,使体质减弱,赚取
知识链接
pull in (车船)抵达, 节省(费用), 缩减(开支)
pull off 脱(衣,冒),完成,获得成功
pull on 穿,戴,继续拉 pull out 驶出,拔出,离开
pull one's leg 取笑,开玩笑,逗乐 pull sth. to pieces 把...拆散,撤碎
pull through 克服困难,使···脱离危险(渡过难关;恢复健康)
pull up 拔起,阻止,使停下 pull up with/to 追上,赶上
pull (the) wires/strings 在幕后操纵,走后门
37.push词组
at one push 一口气 bring to the push 使陷绝境
push against 推,推撞 push aside/away 推开,排除
push forward/along 把...腿向前,继续进行
push back 退回,推回
知识链接
push down 向下推 push in 推进,向岸靠拢
push off 起程,离开 push on 奋力向前,推进
push one's way挤过去,奋力向前 push out 推出,长出
push over 推倒 push up 向上推
push through 促成,完成,穿过,挤过
38. put词组
put an end to 结束,终止,废除
put aside 把~~放在一边;搁置;排除,储藏
put away 将某物收拾起来,存钱,储存,存起来
put back 把~~放回原处;拨回 put faith in 相信,信任
put down 扑灭,平息,镇压,记下,记下;削减;降落
put forward 提出,建议,推荐,拨快,提倡
put in 驶入,进入
知识链接
put...(down) in writing 把...写下来
put ~~ into 把~~放入;插入;翻译成
put off 延期,拖延,消除;推脱,脱下
put on (戏)上演,放(唱片),穿戴,增加,拨快(钟表),推荐
put on a performance 演出
put out 扑灭,熄灭,使……停止燃烧,伸出,出版,生产,拿出,制造,刺杀
put through 完成,(电话用语)拨通,使穿过
put to (good) use (充分)利用 put up with 忍受,容忍
put up 挂起,张贴,举起,抬起,搭起,建立,提名,推荐;陈列
put into 使进入,输入,投入 put/translate…into 把……译成
put one’s heart into… 全神贯注于…
put sb in / into prison 把某人关进监狱
知识链接
put …to use 使用……,运用……
put a date to sth 注明日期(比较:set / fix the date 确定日期 to date 到目前为止)
39. refer词组
refer to 指,提及,参考,查阅
be referred to 和...有关,归功于,被提交...处理
refer oneself to...依赖,求助于 refer to...as...把...称做,认为...是...
40. ring词组
ring off 挂断电话 ring the bell 敲钟,摇铃
ring up 打电话给... ring back回电话
41. see词组
see after 照料,照顾 see into 识透,调查
see out 送某人到门口/屋外 see off 送行
知识链接
see through 看透,识破,支持(某人)到底
see to 照顾,处理,注意 as far as i see/know 据我所知
see to it that照料,努力使; 保证,注意
seeing that...因为,鉴于,既然= owing to
42.sell词组
sell off 廉价出清(存货) sell out 卖完,背叛= be sold out
sell up 变卖,拍卖 sell well 畅销,好卖
sell by retail 零售~ by whole-sale 批发
43.send词组
send away 让走开,解雇,赶走,把...送往远处
send down 把...向下发送,开除,降低(价格,温度)
send for 派人去叫/请/拿 send in 寄送某处进行处理
send off 发出,寄出,解雇,送别
知识链接
send out 派遣,发出(信号、通知等),长出(树叶等)
send up 发射,射出,往上送,使上升 send sb to sleep 让某人睡觉
send signals by … 通过……发送信号 send word 通知,转告,捎信
44.set词组
set about (doing) sth 着手,开始 set back 把(钟表)往回拨
set aside 留出,搁/放在一边,取消,放弃,忽视,拒绝
set down 放下,登记,记载 set down to 归于,认为是由于
set forward 把(钟表)拨快,出发 set one's hand to 着手做,从事
set off 出发,起程,引起爆炸,激起,引起,拨出(钱等)
set one's heart / mind on/upon专心于,渴望,一心想做
set out vi.出发 vt.布置,发表
set out (for…) 出发往(……),动身去(……)
set out to do 开始做,着手做
知识链接
set up 创立,设立,开办,竖起,支起,引起(疾病等)
set /give a (good) example to… 为……树立(好)榜样
set sail for 起航去……
set sail from 从……起航
set sb a good example in … 在……为某人树立榜样
45. shut词组
shut down (=close down)关闭,倒闭,停工,歇业
shut in 关进去,禁闭,使中止,压制
shut off 关掉,切断 shut one's eyes/ears to...拒绝去看/听
shut one's heart to... 对...不动心 shut one's mind to...死不答应
shut one's teeth 要紧牙关 shut out 关在外面,排除(可能性)
shut up 关闭,密封
知识链接
46. stick词组
stick in the mud 陷入泥中,墨守成规 stick...into...把...插入...中
stick out 突出,伸出,显眼 stick to 坚持,忠于,粘到...上
47. suit词组
be suited for doing (=be suited to do) 配(做),适于
be suited to / for...适合于 suit oneself 随自己意愿
suit all tastes 人人合口味,人人中意
suit the action to the word 使言行一致
suit ...to...使适合于,使适应 suit with...与...相称
48.stand词组
stand by sb = support sb = take sb’s side 支持某人
stand up 起立,站起来 stand out 突出,显眼
stand for 代表,表示,象征,容忍,支持/拥护,为……的候选人stand still = stay still 站着不动
知识链接
49. take词组
be taken aback 吃惊 take after 与某人相像,仿效
take along 带领,携带 take aim 瞄准,设立目标
take … apart = separate …把……分开 take away from… 从……带/拿走
take away 拿走,使离开。减去;夺去
take back 退回,拿回,收回,取消
take down 拿下,记下,记录,占领,拆毁,使病倒
take for… 当作……,误以为是……
take in 吸收,接纳,上当,轻信,领会;留宿
take into 驶入,信任 take on 呈现,雇佣,承担,担任
take off (飞机)起飞,脱掉(衣帽/鞋),成名,成功,很快上升,开始流行/畅销
take out 拿出,取出,去除,取得(专利权)
知识链接
take over 继承,接管,接替 take a bank loan 向银行贷款
take up 从事,开始,专注于,占去(时间、空间、地位等)
take a bath 洗澡 take a chance / chances 碰运气,冒险
take a critical attitude towards… 对……持批判态度度
take a few deep breaths 深呼吸 take cold 感冒,受寒
take / have a degree in … 取得……学位
take a hands-on approach to education 通过动手实践的方式来进行接受教育
take … by surprise 对……突然袭击,出乎……意料
take care 小心, 注意 take care to do 务必做,留心做
take care of 照顾,照看,当心,注意,谨慎,处理
take charge of 负责,主管 take effect 生效,奏效
知识链接
take exercise 运动,活动 take … for example 以……为例
take fire 着火 take / get / catch hold of 握住,抓住
take office就职,上任 take one's place就坐,入坐,代替
take part with 袒护,支持 take sb in the arms 拥抱,搂抱
take sb. by the arm 拉某人的胳膊 take sb seriously 看重某人
take the shape of 呈/取....的形状 take up for 袒护
take up with 致力于,忍受,对...发生兴趣
take / hold / keep sb prisoner 囚禁/俘虏某人
(比较:sb be taken / held / kept prisoner 某人被囚禁/俘虏)
take sth along with sb随身携带某物 take shelter 躲避
take sides with sb in sth 在某事上支持/偏袒某人
take steps / measures / action to do sth.采取措施做某事,采取(……的)行动动take the size of量....的尺寸
take turns to do sth / in doing sth 轮流做某事
知识链接
50. think词组
think about 思考,考虑(是否去做) think aloud 自言自语
think of 想到,想起,认为,对……有看法/想法
think of ...as...把...看作 think out 仔细考虑,想出
think over 仔细考虑 think twice 再三考虑,仔细考虑
think through… 思考……直到得出结论,想通
think up 提出,想出,设计出,想通,想起
think to oneself 沉思,暗自想想think highly / well of = speak highly of = sing high praise for对……高度评价
51. tear词组
tear at撕,强拉 tear away 撕掉,扯开,磨损
tear a away from b 从b夺走a tear in/to/into pieces 把...撕碎
tear down 拆毁,扯下,使瓦解,破坏(名誉)
知识链接
tear in two ..把...撕成两半 tear off 扯去,扯开
tear out 撕下,拉下 tear up撕掉,撕毁
52.throw词组
throw about乱丢,乱花(钱) throw at 把...投向
throw away 抛弃,浪费,拒绝,错失(机会)
throw back 扔回,拒绝,反驳,(光线)反射
throw cold water on sb. 对...泼冷水,使气馁
throw doubt on/upon 对...怀疑 throw down one's tools 罢工
throw down 推翻,拆毁,仍下,拒绝
throw in 插话,(免费)附送 throw into 使...陷入某种状态
throw off 摆脱,匆匆脱掉,设法除去
throw oneself into 投身于,积极从事
知识链接
throw out 扔出,干扰,否决 throw up one's arms 举起双手,投降
throw up呕吐,放弃,举起,批评,匆匆建造
53. try词组
try doing/to do 试着做/尽力做 try every means 用各种办法
try for 企图获得,争取,谋求 try on 试穿
try one's best to do sth.尽力 try out 试验,提炼,参加选拔赛
54. trust词组
enjoy the trust of 得到...的信任 have / put trust in 信任
in trust 受托的,代为保管的 take ...on trust对...不加考察信以为真
trust on 信赖 trust a to b(=trust b with a)把a委托给b
55.turn词组
turn against 转而反对,背叛,采取敌对态度
turn around / round 转身,转过来,改变意见
知识链接
turn back 折回,往回走 turn in 交进,上缴,归还
turn … away 赶走……,辞退……,把……打发走,转脸不睬,使转变方向
turn down 关小/调低(音量/热度),拒绝,折叠,翻下,驳回,拒绝考虑
turn over 把……翻过来,翻动,犁翻(土地),细想
turn on 打开(灯,气,水,电器等),反对;依靠,依赖,取决于
turn off 关掉(灯,气,水,电器等),解雇,避开(问题)
turn into 变成 turn out to be 被证明是, 结果是
turn…into… 把……变成……,转变成,走进
turn up 把音量开大,卷起,翻起,发生,出现,到达
turn out 结果是,生产,培养,实际情况是
turn to… 转向……,(for help)向……求助,查阅, 变成;着手于
知识链接
(1)前缀en-
able→enable使能够 large→enlarge扩大 rich→enrich使充实;使丰富
danger→endanger危及 courage→encourage鼓励
(2)后缀-en
broad→broaden使变宽 ripe→ripen使成熟 sharp→sharpen使尖锐
wide→widen加宽 short→shorten变短 deep→deepen加深
dark→darken使变暗 hard→harden使变硬
soft→soften使缓和;使变柔软 damp→dampen抑制;使潮湿
fright→frighten使害怕 threat→threaten威胁
考点清单三 变动词的前缀和后缀
知识链接
(3)后缀-ify
class→classify把……分类 just→justify证明……正确simple→simplify简化 beauty→beautify美化 identity→identify识别 quality→qualify使具有资格
(4)后缀-ize
apology→apologize道歉 emphasis→emphasize强调 memory→memorize记住 real→realize认识到;实现 modern→modernize使现代化
易错失分项
1. 及物动词容易被误用作不及物动词
与某人结婚:marry sb;
与某人练习:contact sb;
进入房间:enter a room;
给某人打电话:ring sb;
为某人服务:serve sb
2.非延续行动词不能用延续性时间状语连用。
(正)They left the company 2 hours ago.他们两个小时前离开了公司。
(正)They have been away for the company for 2 hours.他们离开公司两个小时了。
(误)They left the company for 2 hours.
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