北师大版（2019）必修第一册Unit2 Sports and Fitness Lesson 1 The Underdog
一、单词拼写
1．Genius is one percent (灵感) and ninety nine percent perspiration.
【答案】inspiration
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：天才是百分之一的灵感和百分之九十的汗水。此处名词作表语，inspiration”灵感“，是不可数名词，故填inspiration。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作表语。
2．You should not criticize so
(严厉地) in his face.
【答案】sharply
【知识点】副词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：你不应该在他的脸上如此尖锐地批评你。此处副词修饰谓语动词，根据汉语提示，故填sharply。
【点评】考查副词，本题涉及副词修饰谓语动词。
3．Unless some (另外的) money is found, the theatre will close.
【答案】extra
【知识点】作前置定语
【解析】【分析】句意：除非找到额外的钱，否则剧院将关闭。此处形容词修饰名词money，作定语，结合句意，故填extra。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
4．They think the first thing that they
should consider is to (挣) enough money.
【答案】earn
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：他们认为他们应该考虑的第一件事是赚到足够的钱。此处不定式作表语，结构是to do， 挣 ，earn，故填earn。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及动词不定式作表语。
5．There were 300 passengers on board
when the plane (撞毁).
【答案】crashed
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：飞机坠毁时机上有300名乘客。此处作谓语动词，根据There were 300 passengers on board的时态，可知用一般过去时，结合汉语提示，故填crashed。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
6．That evening they (聚集) in my house and talked till it was late.
【答案】gathered
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：那天晚上，他们聚集在我家，聊到很晚。此处是谓语动词，根据talked till it was late的时态，可知用一般过去时，故填gathered。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
7．He (击败) the champion in three sets.
【答案】defeated
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：他在三局中击败了冠军。此处是谓语动词，根据语境可知用一般过去时，结合所给汉语提示，故填defeated。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
8．He is a person who is full of
(精力).
【答案】energy
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：他是一个精力充沛的人。介词后接名词，”精力“，energy，是不可数名词，故填energy。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
9．I'm inspired by her courage and
strong (渴望) to succeed.
【答案】desire
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：她的勇气和强烈的成功愿望激励了我。此处名词作介词宾语，”渴望“，desire，不可数名词，故填desire。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
10．The workers (把……打包) the glasses and marked on each box "This
Side Up".
【答案】packed
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：工人们把眼镜北装好，每个盒子上都标有"这边起来"。此处是谓语动词，根据marked on each box "This Side Up"的时态，可知用一般过去时，结合所给汉语提示，故填packed。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
二、单句语法填空
11．Tony feels more (energy)
after a short time of rest.
【答案】energetic
【知识点】形容词比较级
【解析】【分析】句意：托尼在休息了一会儿后感觉更有活力。此处形容词作表语，根据空前的more，可知是形容词比较级，故填energetic。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词比较级作表语。
12．He suffers (sharply) pain
in his stomach.
【答案】sharp
【知识点】作前置定语
【解析】【分析】句意：他胃痛得厉害。此处形容词修饰名词pain，作定语， sharply，猛烈的，副词，形容词是sharp，故填sharp。
【点评】考查形容词。本题涉及形容词作定语。
13．Andrew opened the (pack)
and inspected the things inside.
【答案】package
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：安德鲁打开包裹，检查了里面的东西。此处名词作宾语，结合汉语提示，可知填package。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
14．The restaurant is always
(crowd) with customers at meal times.
【答案】crowded
【知识点】固定短语；形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：餐厅在用餐时总是挤满了顾客。be crowded with，固定短语，挤满，故填crowded 。
【点评】考查形容词，以及固定短语be crowded with。
15．He desired (win) the game.
【答案】to win
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：他想赢得比赛。desire to do，固定短语，”想要做......“，不定式作宾语，故填to win。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及不定式作宾语。
三、短语填空
16．短语填空
gather
around, not...anymore, pack up, crash into, try out for, earn a place, let
sb. down, pay off, keep up with
（1）These teams are
going to the Olympic Games.
（2）After supper
they the table and worked together.
（3）Efforts will
sooner or later.
（4）A truck went out
of control and the back of a bus.
（5）My father began
to learn how to use a computer at the age of sixty so that he might
the times.
（6）I promise that I
will never my parents .
（7）This athlete
hopes to in the Olympic team, so he has been practising hard.
（8）The teen used to
be addicted to online games, but now he surf the Internet
.
（9）They
and went home.
【答案】（1）try out for
（2）gathered around
（3）pay off
（4）crashed into
（5）keep up with
（6）let；down
（7）earn a place
（8）doesn't；anymore
（9）packed up
【知识点】选词填空
【解析】【分析】（1）句意：这些球队将参加奥运会。try out for，固定短语，”角逐，参加…...的选拔“，be going to后接动词原形，故答案为：try out for。
（2）句意： 晚饭后，他们围坐在桌旁，一起工作。此处是谓语动词，gather around，固定短语，”聚集在......周围“，根据” worked together“的时态，可知用一般过去时，故答案为：gathered around 。
（3）句意：努力迟早会有回报的。此处是谓语动词，pay off固定短语，”还清，得到回报“，will后接动词原形，故答案为：pay off。
（4）句意： 一辆卡车失控，撞上了一辆公共汽车的后部。crash into，固定短语，”撞上......“，此处是谓语动词，根据”went out of control“的时态，可知用一般过去时，故答案为：crashed into 。
（5）句意：我父亲在六十岁时开始学习如何使用电脑，以便跟上时代。keep up with，固定短语，”赶上“，情态动词后接动词原形，故答案为：keep up with。
（6）句意：我保证我永远不会让我的父母失望。let sb. down固定短语，”让某人失望“，will后接动词原形，故答案为：let；down。
（7）句意：这位运动员希望在奥林匹克队中赢得一个位置，所以他一直在努力练习。earn a place固定短语，”赢得一席之地“，此处不定式作宾语，故答案为：earn a place。
（8）句意：这个少年过去沉迷于网络游戏，但现在他不再上网了。not...anymore固定短语，”不再“，根据时间状语now，可知用一般现在时，主语是he，故答案为：doesn't；anymore。
（9）句意： 他们收拾行李回家了。pack up固定短语，”打包，收拾行李“，此处是谓语动词，根据 went home的时态，可知用一般过去时，故答案为：packed up。
【点评】考查选词填空，要求考生在理解句义的基础上，根据方框内所给的词汇，结合相关的语法知识，做出正确答案。
四、语法专练，用适当的关系代词填空。
17．Nowadays, we can move
around the world and still stay in touch with the people we want to
remain friends with.
【答案】that/who/whom
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：如今，我们可以周游世界，仍然与想要保持联系的人保持联系。 we want to remain friends with是限制性定语从句，先行词是the people，指人，在从句中作介词with的宾语，因此用关系代词that/who/whom，故填that/who/whom。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及that/who/whom引导的限制性定语从句。
18．Lucy is my friend
has a hearing problem.
【答案】who/that
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：露西是我的朋友，有听力问题。 has a hearing problem是限制性定语从句，先行词是my friend，指人，在从句中作主语，因此用关系代词who/that，故填who/that。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词who/that引导的限制性定语从句。
19．Lucy is a smart girl
ideas are always inspiring.
【答案】whose
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意： 露西是个聪明的女孩，她的想法总是鼓舞人心的。 ideas are always inspiring是限制性定语从句，先行词是a smart girl，在从句中作ideas的宾语，故用关系代词whose，故填whose。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词whose引导的限制性定语从句。
20．I sometimes have
problems I can't solve.
【答案】that/which
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我有时有一些无法解决的问题。 I can't solve是限制性定语从句，先行词是problems，指物，在从句中作宾语，因此用关系代词that/which，故答案为that/which。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词that/which引导的限制性定语从句。
21．I read a report about
his new novel will soon be published.
【答案】that/which
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意： 我读了一本关于他的即将出版新小说的报告。 will soon be published是限制性定语从句，先行词是novel，指物，在从句中作主语，因此用关系代词that/which，故填that/which。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词that/which 引导的限制性定语从句。
22．It is the first
American movie of this kind I've ever seen.
【答案】that
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意： 这是我看的第一部这样的美国电影。 I've ever seen是限制性定语从句，先行词是movie，指物，在从句中作宾语，因先行词前有序数词the first修饰，因此用关系代词that，故填that。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句。
23．Do you know the
things and persons they are talking about
【答案】that
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：你知道他们谈论的事情和人吗？ they are talking about 是限制性定语从句，先行词是 the things and persons，既有人又有物，在从句中作宾语，因此用关系代词that，故填that。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句。
24．I saw some trees
leaves were black because of the polluted air.
【答案】whose
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我看到一些树木因空气被污染而叶子成了黑色。 leaves were black because of the polluted air是限制性定语从句，先行词是trees，指物，在从句中作leaves的定语，故填whose。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词whose引导的限制性定语从句。
25．Anyone
failed to come to the meeting yesterday must give his reason.
【答案】who
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：昨天没有来参加会议的人必须给出他的理由。 failed to come to the meeting yesterday是限制性定语从句，先行词是不定代词anyone，在从句中作主语，只能用关系代词who ，故填who 。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词who引导的限制性定语从句。
26．All we need
is enough rest after long hours' work.
【答案】that
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意： 我们所需要的只是长时间工作后足够的休息。 we need是限制性定语从句，先行词是不定代词all，指物，在从句中作宾语，只能用关系代词that，故填that。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句。
五、用定语从句完成下列句子
27．他们正在等的那位教授是史密斯先生。
The professor is
Mr Smith.
【答案】(that/who/whom) they are waiting for
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据所给汉语，这是一个限制性定语从句，先行词是the professor ，指人，在从句中作”等待“的宾语，谓语动词用现在进行时，故答案为：(that/who/whom) they are waiting for。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及限制性定语从句以及现在进行时。
28．这就是我在这儿旅行时住过的旅馆。
This is the very hotel
when I was travelling here.
【答案】(that) I stayed at
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据所给汉语，这是一个限制性定语从句，先行词是the very hotel，指物，作从句的谓语动词stay at 的宾语，因先行词有the very修饰，因此只能用关系代词that引导；再根据when I was travelling here.的时态，可知用一般过去时，故答案为：(that) I stayed at。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及that引导的限制性定语从句和一般过去时。
29．我认识那个人，他的房子在地震中被摧毁了。
I know the person
in the earthquake.
【答案】whose house was destroyed
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据所给汉语，这是一个whose引导的限制性定语从句，先行词是the person，结合句意可知定语从句的谓语动词用一般过去时的被动语态，故答案为：whose house was destroyed。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及关系代词whose引导的限制性定语从句和一般过去时的被动语态。
30．她是通过考试的女孩之一。
She is one of the girls
.
【答案】who/that have passed the exam
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据所给汉语，此句是限制性定语从句，先行词是the girls，指人，在从句中作主语；根据She is one of the girls 的时态以及汉语意思，可知定语从句用现在完成时，故答案为：who/that have passed the exam。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及限制性定语从句以及现在完成时。
31．这是我曾经读过的最有趣的故事。
This is the most interesting story
.
【答案】(that) I've ever read
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据汉语提示，这是一个限制性定语从句，先行词是the most interesting story，在从句中作宾语，因先行词由最高级修饰，因此只能用关系代词that引导，结合句意可知谓语动词用现在完成时，故答案为：(that) I've ever read。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及that引导的限制性定语从句和现在完成时。
六、语法填空
32．语法填空
Paul
and I, loved basketball and were huge fans of the NBA, were on our
school basketball team, The Lions. When we weren't playing on the court, we
(watch) a game on TV. My favourite player was LeBron James, and Paul's
favourite player was Tyrone, although we (actual) agree that they are champions.
Bogues
was only 1.6 metres tall, which made him the (short) player ever in the
NBA. By coincidence, Paul was only 1.6 metres tall, too! Paul knew that
(be) shorter than other players meant that he had to practise more.
During all those hours of doing jump shots on his own, he used Bogues as his
(inspire). Paul believed that if Bogues could make it, he would do it
as well, but our coach was not so sure. Paul tried many times just for
making the team. He was usually on the bench, being just a (replace),
which was really tough on him. he had real skills, worked really hard
and had a strong desire (play) for the team, Paul didn't get a chance.
He had to wait for it.
【答案】who；were watching；actually；shortest；being；inspiration；out；replacement；Although；to play
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了身材矮小的Paul为了参加篮球队不断进行练习的经历。
（1）句意：我和Paul爱篮球，是NBA的超级粉丝，在我们学校的篮球队雄狮队。 loved basketball and were huge fans of the NBA是非限制性定语从句，先行词是人，故填who。
（2） 句意：当我们不上场打球的时候，我们在电视上看一场比赛。根据When we weren't playing on the court可知，此处用过去进行时，故填 were watching。
（3）句意：我最喜欢的球员是勒布朗·詹姆斯，保罗最喜欢的球员是泰龙，尽管我们实际上都同意他们是冠军。此处修饰动词agree作状语，应用副词形式，故填actually 。
（4）句意：博格身高只有1.6米，是NBA历史上最矮的球员。根据”ever in theNBA“可知，此处应用最高级，故填shortest。
（5）句意： 保罗知道，他比其它球员矮，这意味着他必须多练习。此处作主语，表示抽象的、一般
投的行为，应用动名词，故填being。
（6）句意：在所有这些时间自己做跳投，他用博格斯作为他的灵感。根据空格前的形容词性物主代词his可知，此处用名词形式，故填inspiration。
（7）句意：保罗为了成为球队而试了很多次。try out，固定短语，“尝试”，故填out。
（8）句意：他通常坐在替补席上， 只是替补， 这对他来说真的很难。根据前面的不定冠词a可知，此处用单数名词，故填replacement。
（9）句意：虽然他有真正的技术，非常努力，并且有为球队踢球的强烈愿望，但保罗没有机会。although 引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然”，故填Although。
（10）此处用不定式作定语，故填to play。
【点评】本题考点涉及定语从句，时态，副词，形容词，非谓语动词，名词，副词，连词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
七、阅读理解
33．阅读理解
What
will most help you lead a long happy and healthy life Is it making lots of money
Is it a great job that you enjoy Perhaps it's fame. If you ask a young person,
many are likely to give you one of those answers. Or possibly all three.
Some
cultures put more importance on work and money than others. Americans can be
obsessed with their jobs and making money. They might feel the need to make
lots of money for education, medical care, homes and cars. But it's not just
about the money. For many Americans, self worth is linked to our professional
success or failure.
We
could learn about what makes people happy, and what does not, by studying
people over the course of their lives. For almost 80 years, Harvard Medical
School researchers have been doing just that. The Harvard Study of Adult
Development is one of the most comprehensive studies in history. Since 1938,
Henry, one of its professor has followed the lives of a group of men from their
teen years to old age. Later, he began to follow their wives and children as
well. The study finds that wealth, social position and an important job title
do not necessarily lead to health and happiness.
Robert
Waldinger is the current director of the study. He is a professor at Harvard
Medical School. Waldinger shared some of the findings with a Harvard Gazette
reporter. He said, "The surprising finding is that our relationships and
how happy we are in our relationships has a powerful influence on our health."
He added, "Taking care of your body is important, but tending to your
relationships is a form of self care too."
（1）What is the questions' function in the first paragraph
A．To remind people to keep happy.
B．To help people reflect on their health.
C．To remind people health is important.
D．To introduce the main topic of the passage.
（2）Which phrase can replace the underlined part "be obsessed with" in Paragraph 2
A．be addicted to B．be aware of C．be upset about D．be tired of
（3）What does Henry find by following some men and their family
A．Making money is important for Americans.
B．Every person should have his or her own goal.
C．Seeking after fame can bring people excitement.
D．Health and happiness do not only rely on status and wealth.
（4）What should we do to keep healthy according to Waldinger
A．Try our best to make money.
B．Have our bodies examined every day.
C．Keeping in touch with our friends regularly.
D．Eating or drinking with our friends every night.
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）D
（4）C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；学习教育类；议论文
【解析】【分析】]本文是一篇议论文，大多数人都把注意力集中在挣钱、争取更高的社会地位和名誉上,但是研究表明这些并不足以提高我们的健康和幸福指数。
（1）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，本文论述了健康、快乐主要取决于什么，第一段中这些问题的提出就是为了引出接下来的论述，故选D。
（2）考查词义猜测。根据第二段作定”They might feel the need to make lots of money for education, medical care, homes and cars. “他们可能觉得有必要为教育、医疗、住房和汽车赚很多钱，所以说美国人沉溺于挣钱和工作，故选A。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的”wealth, social position and an important job title do not necessarily lead tohealth and happiness“人的健康和快乐并不只是依赖于财富和地位，故选D。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的”He said, 'The surprising finding is that our relationships and how happy we are in our relationships has a powerful influence on our health.' He added, 'Taking care of your body is important, but tending to your relationships is a form of self care too.'"可知人与人之间的关系对我们的健康有巨大影响，所以我们应该注重这种关系的培养，也就是与朋友经常保持联系，故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
34．阅读理解
Exercise
is good for us. It reduces the risks of dying from all causes, including cancer
and heart disease. But many people who work all week have little time for
exercise. So, they might try to do something to increase their heart rates over
the weekend—go for a long run, take a bike ride or hike in the mountains. But
is it healthy to avoid exercise during the work week and then try to fit it all
in during the weekend
A
new study suggests that, yes, it is healthy. Australian researchers at the
University of Sydney did the study. It took place over a nine year period.
During that time, the researchers looked at the self reported exercise habits
and health examinations of more than 63,000 adults in England and Scotland.
Then they connected that information to death records.
The
researchers found that people who exercised only one or two days a week
improved their chances of living longer than people who did not exercise at
all. Even those who are fat could extend their lives by exercising a couple of
days per week.
Emmanuel
Stamatakis is the senior author of the study. He says that he found it very
encouraging that even people who exercised as little as one or two times a week
appear to lower their risk of early death. In other words, their health
improves even if they don't meet the suggested weekly amount of physical
activity. However, to be in the best health, Stamatakis says more exercise is
better.
The
WHO suggests that adults should get at least 150 minutes of moderate to intense
activity per week. For the best results, the organisation suggests 75 minutes
per week of intense physical activity. However, if you are busy with work and
family duties, exercise as much as you can.
（1）In which part of a website can we find this text
A．Science. B．News. C．Sports. D．Health.
（2）What can we learn about the study
A．It was carried out in three places.
B．It lasted for more than nine years.
C．It studied both children and adults.
D．It was led by Emmanuel Stamatakis.
（3）What does the study find
A．A little exercise is better than none.
B．We'd better do exercise on weekdays.
C．Fat people usually live shorter than thin people.
D．Exercise habits have a big influence on death.
（4）What does Emmanuel Stamatakis suggest doing
A．Paying attention to the risk of early death.
B．Trying to do more exercise if we have time.
C．Getting at least 150 minutes of activity a week.
D．Avoiding doing much intense physical activity.
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）A
（4）B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；医疗保健类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了运动和人的身体之间的关系，每周进行适当时间的锻炼可以有效的预防和减少人们患疾病的几率，因此人们应该多找时间锻炼身体。
（1）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，本文主要讲了锻炼身体与人的健康的关系，因此这篇文章可能会出现在健康专栏，故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的”It took place over a nine year period. “可知这项研究
历时九年多时间，故选B。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段”The researchers found that people who exercised only one or two days a week improved their chances of living longer than people who did not exercise at all. Even those who are fat could extend their lives by exercising a couple of days per week.“研究人员发现，一周只锻炼一两天的人比根本不锻炼的人提高了长寿的机会。即使是那些肥胖的人也可以通过每周锻炼几天来延长寿命，由此可以判断出只要锻炼就会对身体有好处，故选A。
（4）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的" However, to be in the best health, Stamatakis says more exercise is better."Stamatakis说为了达到最佳的健康状态，更多的运动是更好的．因此Emmanuel Stamatakis建议我们进行更多的锻炼，故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
35．阅读理解
Before
you were my teacher, I thought that teaching was the last thing I wanted to do.
Why would someone want to come in every day and attempt to instruct students,
many of whom couldn't care less, or to get paid very little compared with the
work he or she put in
You
may have thought that the only thing I was learning from you was the course,
but that's not all I learned. From reference books to funny jokes, you made
each class exciting. You always tried to make class charming so that we could
be excited about learning. However, those days have gone by.
Whenever
I was confused and needed extra help, you were the exact one to turn to. I
would walk into your room for help and there would be several kids. You ran
from one student to the next helping each one through their confusion. You
could have gone back home after the bell rang. Instead, you chose to stay and
care about what your students did.
You
didn't only care about my learning, but you also cared about other things I was
involved in. At the beginning of the year, we wrote down our hobbies and
interests. You remembered what we wrote, too. I had missed class for track
meets (田径运动会) and when I came back the next day,
you would ask me how it went. Many of the teachers never bothered to ask what I
liked to do.
These
things showed me the value of teaching. They showed me how much of an influence
a teacher can have on a student. I want to be the one that influences students
and pushes them towards success. I want students to leave my classroom thinking
that their time was worthwhile (值得的). I want to be the
inspiration for them that you were for me. Whenever it gets hard for me to
continue on this path, I'll remember you and what you did for me.
（1）What did the author think of teaching before the teacher taught him
A．Dull but worthwhile. B．Boring and low paid.
C．Honourable but dangerous. D．Challenging and easily attacked.
（2）How did the author find the teacher's class in Paragraph 2
A．Disappointing. B．Difficult. C．Wonderful. D．Common.
（3）Why did the teacher ask his students to write down their hobbies and interests
A．To understand them better.
B．To involve them in more activities.
C．To treat them differently.
D．To control them in a better way.
（4）What does the author think the value of teaching lies in
A．The care and passion that teachers have.
B．The process of students' forming a good habit.
C．The successful students whom a teacher has taught.
D．The influence on students' development in the future.
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）D
【知识点】推理判断题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者的老师对作者的影响，最后作者自己也选择了教师这个职业。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的”Why would someone want to come in every day and attempt to instruct students, many of whom couldn't care less, or to get paid very little compared with the work he or she put in ”可知我认为老师所教的东西学生都不喜欢，教学这份工作很枯燥，而且这份工作的报酬很少。故选B。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“From reference books to funny jokes, you made each class exciting. You always tried to make class charming so that we could be excited about learning.”可知这位老师的课堂生动有趣，充满魅力，学生喜欢学习。因此推断他的课堂很有吸引力。故选C。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“You didn't only care about my learning, but you also cared about other things I was involved in. At the beginning of the year, we wrote down our hobbies and interests.”可知老师让我们写下自己的兴趣爱好是为了更好的理解我们，更好的关心我们。故选A。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“They showed me how much of an influence a teacher can have on a student.”可知从这位老师身上我看到了老师对学生的巨大影响，正是因为这位老师的影响，我也想成为一名老师。所以我认为教育的价值是对学生未来发展的影响。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
八、任务型阅读
36．任务型阅读
After
Steve Jobs died, his friend Larry Ellison said something like this. "There
will never be another Steve Jobs." Larry wrote this list of Steve's
life lessons to remind us all.
⒈Love what you do.
Sure
Steve became a billionaire when he brought Apple back. Apple was his calling－even after he got fired from the company. We all have bad jobs at
one point in our lives. But the question is: Am I in the right job Have I
found the right company Life doesn't go on forever.
⒉Don't do it all by
yourself.
Steve
learned a great leader can't do it all by himself. He needs people. They must
be talented. They must be given the opportunity to succeed and fail. In
short, we have to learn to be a great leader if we want to see our great ideas
and hard work truly have an influence on the world.
⒊
Apple
was always the best at creating a new product that meets the exact needs of
users. It's empathy (同感) that helps Apple
achieve this. Whenever the user has the first touch with a new Apple product,
he says "Wow, it's just what I need." Remember: You're King in the
business world if you know exactly what consumers desire.
⒋Don't mess around
with your health.
That's the most important lesson from Steve's life. It's great to learn from
him but, the fact is that he should still be here if he had treated his cancer
properly. Instead, Steve chose a naturopathic (自然疗法) solution that wasn't effective. When he finally decided to take
his doctor's original advice, it was too late.
A. They must be inspired.
B. Be the best in your field.
C. Take your health seriously.
D. Get on our right path now.
E. Will this lead to a successful
career
F. Put yourself in the other person's
shoes.
G. What are the key things that we
could learn from him
【答案】G；D；A；F；C
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，乔布斯很伟大，他创造的苹果公司非常伟大。那么我们可以从他身上学到哪些呢？文章介绍了我们可以从乔布斯身上可以学到的教训。
（1）根据空前“"There will never be another Steve Jobs."我们不会再有另外一个乔布斯了，说明乔布斯是一个伟大且特别的人，我们可以从他的身上学到什么呢？D.What are the key things that we could learn from him ”符合上下文语境，故选G。
（2）根据空前”pple was his calling－even after he got fired from the company. We all have bad jobs at one point in our lives. But the question is: Am I in the right job Have I found the right company Life doesn't go on forever. “可知乔布斯曾经被苹果公司开除过，每个人都有不好的工作经历。但是我们要确保自己走在正确的道路上，D.Get on our right path now.”符合上下文语境，故选D。
（3）根据空前“Steve learned a great leader can't do it all by himself.”告诉我们伟大的领袖不会自己做所有的事情，他们也需要别人的帮助和鼓励。A.They must be inspired”与上文“He needs people”语意一致，故选A。
（4）根据空后“Whenever the user has the first touch with a new Apple product, he says ‘Wow, it's just what I need.'”可知用户认为苹果产品正是他们需要的，说明苹果公司站在用户的立场上考虑产品的设计。F.Put yourself in the other person's shoes.”换位思考”与本段中心思想一致，故选F。
（5）根据本段小标题“Don't mess around with your health.“不要摆弄我们的健康。提醒我们一定要注意健康，C.Take your health seriously”与主旨一致。故选C。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
九、语法填空
37．语法填空
The
ratio (比率) of overweight people
participated in a survey increased from 29% in 2012 to 31.5% in 2016, and
number of highly overweight people (rise) to 550,000, creating
a serious headache for (medicine) services. The increase of highly
overweight people was (particular) sharp among those in their 20s. The
numbers came from a study of physical examinations (publish) by the
Health Insurance Service.
According
to the survey, the highly obesity (肥胖) rate among young
people can be a result of their (addict) to salt intake and soft drinks
from childhood. Eating too much salty food is considered as a main factor
leading to health problems. Besides, drinking soft drinks is also to blame
because it makes people more likely (gain) weight.
The
result may affect the new lifestyle of those people. (cut) down on salt
can be hard, repeated training to prefer less salty food is necessary.
Start by adding half as much salt to your dinner as you normally do.
【答案】who/that；the；rose；medical；particularly；published；addiction；to gain；Cutting；but
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。分析了肥胖人口成比例增加，造成肥胖的原因是摄入过多盐和饮用软饮料。
（1）句意：参与调查的超重人群比例从2012年的29%上升到2016年的31.5%。本句为限定性定语从句修饰先行词people，关系词在从句中作主语，应使用关系代词who/that引导。故填who/that。
（2）句意：高度超重的人数上升到55万，这给医疗服务带来了严重的问题。根据下文___3___ (rise) to 550,000可知，此处特指“高度超重的人数”，应使用定冠词。故填the。
（3）句意：高度超重的人数上升到55万，这给医疗服务带来了严重的问题。and连接并列句，时态与上文保持一致，结合上文increased可知，此处应使用一般过去时。故填rose。
（4）句意：高度超重的人数上升到55万，这给医疗服务带来了严重的问题。此处修饰名词service，应使用形容词。故填medical。
（5）句意：在20多岁的人群中，超重人群的增长尤为明显。修饰形容词sharp，应用副词。故填particularly。
（6）句意：这些数据来自健康保险服务机构发布的一项身体检查研究。publish与逻辑主语study是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，表被动。故填published。
（7）句意：调查显示，年轻人肥胖率之所以居高不下，这可能是他们从小就对盐和软饮料上瘾的一种结果。形容词性物主代词后接名词，故填 addiction to。
（8）句意：此外，喝软饮料也有责任，因为它使人更容易增重。be likely to do sth.，固定短语，“更有可能做某事”后跟不定式。故填to gain。
（9）句意：句意：减少食盐摄取量可能很难，但反复训练以选择较不咸的食物是必要的。此处动名词作主语，故填Cutting。
（10）根据上下文语境可知表示转折关系，应用转折连词。故填but。
【点评】本题考点涉及定语从句，冠词，时态，形容词，副词，非谓语动词，名词以及连词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
1 / 1北师大版（2019）必修第一册Unit2 Sports and Fitness Lesson 1 The Underdog
一、单词拼写
1．Genius is one percent (灵感) and ninety nine percent perspiration.
2．You should not criticize so
(严厉地) in his face.
3．Unless some (另外的) money is found, the theatre will close.
4．They think the first thing that they
should consider is to (挣) enough money.
5．There were 300 passengers on board
when the plane (撞毁).
6．That evening they (聚集) in my house and talked till it was late.
7．He (击败) the champion in three sets.
8．He is a person who is full of
(精力).
9．I'm inspired by her courage and
strong (渴望) to succeed.
10．The workers (把……打包) the glasses and marked on each box "This
Side Up".
二、单句语法填空
11．Tony feels more (energy)
after a short time of rest.
12．He suffers (sharply) pain
in his stomach.
13．Andrew opened the (pack)
and inspected the things inside.
14．The restaurant is always
(crowd) with customers at meal times.
15．He desired (win) the game.
三、短语填空
16．短语填空
gather
around, not...anymore, pack up, crash into, try out for, earn a place, let
sb. down, pay off, keep up with
（1）These teams are
going to the Olympic Games.
（2）After supper
they the table and worked together.
（3）Efforts will
sooner or later.
（4）A truck went out
of control and the back of a bus.
（5）My father began
to learn how to use a computer at the age of sixty so that he might
the times.
（6）I promise that I
will never my parents .
（7）This athlete
hopes to in the Olympic team, so he has been practising hard.
（8）The teen used to
be addicted to online games, but now he surf the Internet
.
（9）They
and went home.
四、语法专练，用适当的关系代词填空。
17．Nowadays, we can move
around the world and still stay in touch with the people we want to
remain friends with.
18．Lucy is my friend
has a hearing problem.
19．Lucy is a smart girl
ideas are always inspiring.
20．I sometimes have
problems I can't solve.
21．I read a report about
his new novel will soon be published.
22．It is the first
American movie of this kind I've ever seen.
23．Do you know the
things and persons they are talking about
24．I saw some trees
leaves were black because of the polluted air.
25．Anyone
failed to come to the meeting yesterday must give his reason.
26．All we need
is enough rest after long hours' work.
五、用定语从句完成下列句子
27．他们正在等的那位教授是史密斯先生。
The professor is
Mr Smith.
28．这就是我在这儿旅行时住过的旅馆。
This is the very hotel
when I was travelling here.
29．我认识那个人，他的房子在地震中被摧毁了。
I know the person
in the earthquake.
30．她是通过考试的女孩之一。
She is one of the girls
.
31．这是我曾经读过的最有趣的故事。
This is the most interesting story
.
六、语法填空
32．语法填空
Paul
and I, loved basketball and were huge fans of the NBA, were on our
school basketball team, The Lions. When we weren't playing on the court, we
(watch) a game on TV. My favourite player was LeBron James, and Paul's
favourite player was Tyrone, although we (actual) agree that they are champions.
Bogues
was only 1.6 metres tall, which made him the (short) player ever in the
NBA. By coincidence, Paul was only 1.6 metres tall, too! Paul knew that
(be) shorter than other players meant that he had to practise more.
During all those hours of doing jump shots on his own, he used Bogues as his
(inspire). Paul believed that if Bogues could make it, he would do it
as well, but our coach was not so sure. Paul tried many times just for
making the team. He was usually on the bench, being just a (replace),
which was really tough on him. he had real skills, worked really hard
and had a strong desire (play) for the team, Paul didn't get a chance.
He had to wait for it.
七、阅读理解
33．阅读理解
What
will most help you lead a long happy and healthy life Is it making lots of money
Is it a great job that you enjoy Perhaps it's fame. If you ask a young person,
many are likely to give you one of those answers. Or possibly all three.
Some
cultures put more importance on work and money than others. Americans can be
obsessed with their jobs and making money. They might feel the need to make
lots of money for education, medical care, homes and cars. But it's not just
about the money. For many Americans, self worth is linked to our professional
success or failure.
We
could learn about what makes people happy, and what does not, by studying
people over the course of their lives. For almost 80 years, Harvard Medical
School researchers have been doing just that. The Harvard Study of Adult
Development is one of the most comprehensive studies in history. Since 1938,
Henry, one of its professor has followed the lives of a group of men from their
teen years to old age. Later, he began to follow their wives and children as
well. The study finds that wealth, social position and an important job title
do not necessarily lead to health and happiness.
Robert
Waldinger is the current director of the study. He is a professor at Harvard
Medical School. Waldinger shared some of the findings with a Harvard Gazette
reporter. He said, "The surprising finding is that our relationships and
how happy we are in our relationships has a powerful influence on our health."
He added, "Taking care of your body is important, but tending to your
relationships is a form of self care too."
（1）What is the questions' function in the first paragraph
A．To remind people to keep happy.
B．To help people reflect on their health.
C．To remind people health is important.
D．To introduce the main topic of the passage.
（2）Which phrase can replace the underlined part "be obsessed with" in Paragraph 2
A．be addicted to B．be aware of C．be upset about D．be tired of
（3）What does Henry find by following some men and their family
A．Making money is important for Americans.
B．Every person should have his or her own goal.
C．Seeking after fame can bring people excitement.
D．Health and happiness do not only rely on status and wealth.
（4）What should we do to keep healthy according to Waldinger
A．Try our best to make money.
B．Have our bodies examined every day.
C．Keeping in touch with our friends regularly.
D．Eating or drinking with our friends every night.
34．阅读理解
Exercise
is good for us. It reduces the risks of dying from all causes, including cancer
and heart disease. But many people who work all week have little time for
exercise. So, they might try to do something to increase their heart rates over
the weekend—go for a long run, take a bike ride or hike in the mountains. But
is it healthy to avoid exercise during the work week and then try to fit it all
in during the weekend
A
new study suggests that, yes, it is healthy. Australian researchers at the
University of Sydney did the study. It took place over a nine year period.
During that time, the researchers looked at the self reported exercise habits
and health examinations of more than 63,000 adults in England and Scotland.
Then they connected that information to death records.
The
researchers found that people who exercised only one or two days a week
improved their chances of living longer than people who did not exercise at
all. Even those who are fat could extend their lives by exercising a couple of
days per week.
Emmanuel
Stamatakis is the senior author of the study. He says that he found it very
encouraging that even people who exercised as little as one or two times a week
appear to lower their risk of early death. In other words, their health
improves even if they don't meet the suggested weekly amount of physical
activity. However, to be in the best health, Stamatakis says more exercise is
better.
The
WHO suggests that adults should get at least 150 minutes of moderate to intense
activity per week. For the best results, the organisation suggests 75 minutes
per week of intense physical activity. However, if you are busy with work and
family duties, exercise as much as you can.
（1）In which part of a website can we find this text
A．Science. B．News. C．Sports. D．Health.
（2）What can we learn about the study
A．It was carried out in three places.
B．It lasted for more than nine years.
C．It studied both children and adults.
D．It was led by Emmanuel Stamatakis.
（3）What does the study find
A．A little exercise is better than none.
B．We'd better do exercise on weekdays.
C．Fat people usually live shorter than thin people.
D．Exercise habits have a big influence on death.
（4）What does Emmanuel Stamatakis suggest doing
A．Paying attention to the risk of early death.
B．Trying to do more exercise if we have time.
C．Getting at least 150 minutes of activity a week.
D．Avoiding doing much intense physical activity.
35．阅读理解
Before
you were my teacher, I thought that teaching was the last thing I wanted to do.
Why would someone want to come in every day and attempt to instruct students,
many of whom couldn't care less, or to get paid very little compared with the
work he or she put in
You
may have thought that the only thing I was learning from you was the course,
but that's not all I learned. From reference books to funny jokes, you made
each class exciting. You always tried to make class charming so that we could
be excited about learning. However, those days have gone by.
Whenever
I was confused and needed extra help, you were the exact one to turn to. I
would walk into your room for help and there would be several kids. You ran
from one student to the next helping each one through their confusion. You
could have gone back home after the bell rang. Instead, you chose to stay and
care about what your students did.
You
didn't only care about my learning, but you also cared about other things I was
involved in. At the beginning of the year, we wrote down our hobbies and
interests. You remembered what we wrote, too. I had missed class for track
meets (田径运动会) and when I came back the next day,
you would ask me how it went. Many of the teachers never bothered to ask what I
liked to do.
These
things showed me the value of teaching. They showed me how much of an influence
a teacher can have on a student. I want to be the one that influences students
and pushes them towards success. I want students to leave my classroom thinking
that their time was worthwhile (值得的). I want to be the
inspiration for them that you were for me. Whenever it gets hard for me to
continue on this path, I'll remember you and what you did for me.
（1）What did the author think of teaching before the teacher taught him
A．Dull but worthwhile. B．Boring and low paid.
C．Honourable but dangerous. D．Challenging and easily attacked.
（2）How did the author find the teacher's class in Paragraph 2
A．Disappointing. B．Difficult. C．Wonderful. D．Common.
（3）Why did the teacher ask his students to write down their hobbies and interests
A．To understand them better.
B．To involve them in more activities.
C．To treat them differently.
D．To control them in a better way.
（4）What does the author think the value of teaching lies in
A．The care and passion that teachers have.
B．The process of students' forming a good habit.
C．The successful students whom a teacher has taught.
D．The influence on students' development in the future.
八、任务型阅读
36．任务型阅读
After
Steve Jobs died, his friend Larry Ellison said something like this. "There
will never be another Steve Jobs." Larry wrote this list of Steve's
life lessons to remind us all.
⒈Love what you do.
Sure
Steve became a billionaire when he brought Apple back. Apple was his calling－even after he got fired from the company. We all have bad jobs at
one point in our lives. But the question is: Am I in the right job Have I
found the right company Life doesn't go on forever.
⒉Don't do it all by
yourself.
Steve
learned a great leader can't do it all by himself. He needs people. They must
be talented. They must be given the opportunity to succeed and fail. In
short, we have to learn to be a great leader if we want to see our great ideas
and hard work truly have an influence on the world.
⒊
Apple
was always the best at creating a new product that meets the exact needs of
users. It's empathy (同感) that helps Apple
achieve this. Whenever the user has the first touch with a new Apple product,
he says "Wow, it's just what I need." Remember: You're King in the
business world if you know exactly what consumers desire.
⒋Don't mess around
with your health.
That's the most important lesson from Steve's life. It's great to learn from
him but, the fact is that he should still be here if he had treated his cancer
properly. Instead, Steve chose a naturopathic (自然疗法) solution that wasn't effective. When he finally decided to take
his doctor's original advice, it was too late.
A. They must be inspired.
B. Be the best in your field.
C. Take your health seriously.
D. Get on our right path now.
E. Will this lead to a successful
career
F. Put yourself in the other person's
shoes.
G. What are the key things that we
could learn from him
九、语法填空
37．语法填空
The
ratio (比率) of overweight people
participated in a survey increased from 29% in 2012 to 31.5% in 2016, and
number of highly overweight people (rise) to 550,000, creating
a serious headache for (medicine) services. The increase of highly
overweight people was (particular) sharp among those in their 20s. The
numbers came from a study of physical examinations (publish) by the
Health Insurance Service.
According
to the survey, the highly obesity (肥胖) rate among young
people can be a result of their (addict) to salt intake and soft drinks
from childhood. Eating too much salty food is considered as a main factor
leading to health problems. Besides, drinking soft drinks is also to blame
because it makes people more likely (gain) weight.
The
result may affect the new lifestyle of those people. (cut) down on salt
can be hard, repeated training to prefer less salty food is necessary.
Start by adding half as much salt to your dinner as you normally do.
答案解析部分
1．【答案】inspiration
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：天才是百分之一的灵感和百分之九十的汗水。此处名词作表语，inspiration”灵感“，是不可数名词，故填inspiration。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作表语。
2．【答案】sharply
【知识点】副词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：你不应该在他的脸上如此尖锐地批评你。此处副词修饰谓语动词，根据汉语提示，故填sharply。
【点评】考查副词，本题涉及副词修饰谓语动词。
3．【答案】extra
【知识点】作前置定语
【解析】【分析】句意：除非找到额外的钱，否则剧院将关闭。此处形容词修饰名词money，作定语，结合句意，故填extra。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
4．【答案】earn
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：他们认为他们应该考虑的第一件事是赚到足够的钱。此处不定式作表语，结构是to do， 挣 ，earn，故填earn。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及动词不定式作表语。
5．【答案】crashed
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：飞机坠毁时机上有300名乘客。此处作谓语动词，根据There were 300 passengers on board的时态，可知用一般过去时，结合汉语提示，故填crashed。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
6．【答案】gathered
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：那天晚上，他们聚集在我家，聊到很晚。此处是谓语动词，根据talked till it was late的时态，可知用一般过去时，故填gathered。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
7．【答案】defeated
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：他在三局中击败了冠军。此处是谓语动词，根据语境可知用一般过去时，结合所给汉语提示，故填defeated。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
8．【答案】energy
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：他是一个精力充沛的人。介词后接名词，”精力“，energy，是不可数名词，故填energy。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
9．【答案】desire
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：她的勇气和强烈的成功愿望激励了我。此处名词作介词宾语，”渴望“，desire，不可数名词，故填desire。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
10．【答案】packed
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：工人们把眼镜北装好，每个盒子上都标有"这边起来"。此处是谓语动词，根据marked on each box "This Side Up"的时态，可知用一般过去时，结合所给汉语提示，故填packed。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
11．【答案】energetic
【知识点】形容词比较级
【解析】【分析】句意：托尼在休息了一会儿后感觉更有活力。此处形容词作表语，根据空前的more，可知是形容词比较级，故填energetic。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词比较级作表语。
12．【答案】sharp
【知识点】作前置定语
【解析】【分析】句意：他胃痛得厉害。此处形容词修饰名词pain，作定语， sharply，猛烈的，副词，形容词是sharp，故填sharp。
【点评】考查形容词。本题涉及形容词作定语。
13．【答案】package
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：安德鲁打开包裹，检查了里面的东西。此处名词作宾语，结合汉语提示，可知填package。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
14．【答案】crowded
【知识点】固定短语；形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：餐厅在用餐时总是挤满了顾客。be crowded with，固定短语，挤满，故填crowded 。
【点评】考查形容词，以及固定短语be crowded with。
15．【答案】to win
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：他想赢得比赛。desire to do，固定短语，”想要做......“，不定式作宾语，故填to win。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及不定式作宾语。
16．【答案】（1）try out for
（2）gathered around
（3）pay off
（4）crashed into
（5）keep up with
（6）let；down
（7）earn a place
（8）doesn't；anymore
（9）packed up
【知识点】选词填空
【解析】【分析】（1）句意：这些球队将参加奥运会。try out for，固定短语，”角逐，参加…...的选拔“，be going to后接动词原形，故答案为：try out for。
（2）句意： 晚饭后，他们围坐在桌旁，一起工作。此处是谓语动词，gather around，固定短语，”聚集在......周围“，根据” worked together“的时态，可知用一般过去时，故答案为：gathered around 。
（3）句意：努力迟早会有回报的。此处是谓语动词，pay off固定短语，”还清，得到回报“，will后接动词原形，故答案为：pay off。
（4）句意： 一辆卡车失控，撞上了一辆公共汽车的后部。crash into，固定短语，”撞上......“，此处是谓语动词，根据”went out of control“的时态，可知用一般过去时，故答案为：crashed into 。
（5）句意：我父亲在六十岁时开始学习如何使用电脑，以便跟上时代。keep up with，固定短语，”赶上“，情态动词后接动词原形，故答案为：keep up with。
（6）句意：我保证我永远不会让我的父母失望。let sb. down固定短语，”让某人失望“，will后接动词原形，故答案为：let；down。
（7）句意：这位运动员希望在奥林匹克队中赢得一个位置，所以他一直在努力练习。earn a place固定短语，”赢得一席之地“，此处不定式作宾语，故答案为：earn a place。
（8）句意：这个少年过去沉迷于网络游戏，但现在他不再上网了。not...anymore固定短语，”不再“，根据时间状语now，可知用一般现在时，主语是he，故答案为：doesn't；anymore。
（9）句意： 他们收拾行李回家了。pack up固定短语，”打包，收拾行李“，此处是谓语动词，根据 went home的时态，可知用一般过去时，故答案为：packed up。
【点评】考查选词填空，要求考生在理解句义的基础上，根据方框内所给的词汇，结合相关的语法知识，做出正确答案。
17．【答案】that/who/whom
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：如今，我们可以周游世界，仍然与想要保持联系的人保持联系。 we want to remain friends with是限制性定语从句，先行词是the people，指人，在从句中作介词with的宾语，因此用关系代词that/who/whom，故填that/who/whom。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及that/who/whom引导的限制性定语从句。
18．【答案】who/that
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：露西是我的朋友，有听力问题。 has a hearing problem是限制性定语从句，先行词是my friend，指人，在从句中作主语，因此用关系代词who/that，故填who/that。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词who/that引导的限制性定语从句。
19．【答案】whose
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意： 露西是个聪明的女孩，她的想法总是鼓舞人心的。 ideas are always inspiring是限制性定语从句，先行词是a smart girl，在从句中作ideas的宾语，故用关系代词whose，故填whose。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词whose引导的限制性定语从句。
20．【答案】that/which
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我有时有一些无法解决的问题。 I can't solve是限制性定语从句，先行词是problems，指物，在从句中作宾语，因此用关系代词that/which，故答案为that/which。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词that/which引导的限制性定语从句。
21．【答案】that/which
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意： 我读了一本关于他的即将出版新小说的报告。 will soon be published是限制性定语从句，先行词是novel，指物，在从句中作主语，因此用关系代词that/which，故填that/which。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词that/which 引导的限制性定语从句。
22．【答案】that
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意： 这是我看的第一部这样的美国电影。 I've ever seen是限制性定语从句，先行词是movie，指物，在从句中作宾语，因先行词前有序数词the first修饰，因此用关系代词that，故填that。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句。
23．【答案】that
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：你知道他们谈论的事情和人吗？ they are talking about 是限制性定语从句，先行词是 the things and persons，既有人又有物，在从句中作宾语，因此用关系代词that，故填that。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句。
24．【答案】whose
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我看到一些树木因空气被污染而叶子成了黑色。 leaves were black because of the polluted air是限制性定语从句，先行词是trees，指物，在从句中作leaves的定语，故填whose。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词whose引导的限制性定语从句。
25．【答案】who
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：昨天没有来参加会议的人必须给出他的理由。 failed to come to the meeting yesterday是限制性定语从句，先行词是不定代词anyone，在从句中作主语，只能用关系代词who ，故填who 。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词who引导的限制性定语从句。
26．【答案】that
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意： 我们所需要的只是长时间工作后足够的休息。 we need是限制性定语从句，先行词是不定代词all，指物，在从句中作宾语，只能用关系代词that，故填that。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句。
27．【答案】(that/who/whom) they are waiting for
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据所给汉语，这是一个限制性定语从句，先行词是the professor ，指人，在从句中作”等待“的宾语，谓语动词用现在进行时，故答案为：(that/who/whom) they are waiting for。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及限制性定语从句以及现在进行时。
28．【答案】(that) I stayed at
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据所给汉语，这是一个限制性定语从句，先行词是the very hotel，指物，作从句的谓语动词stay at 的宾语，因先行词有the very修饰，因此只能用关系代词that引导；再根据when I was travelling here.的时态，可知用一般过去时，故答案为：(that) I stayed at。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及that引导的限制性定语从句和一般过去时。
29．【答案】whose house was destroyed
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据所给汉语，这是一个whose引导的限制性定语从句，先行词是the person，结合句意可知定语从句的谓语动词用一般过去时的被动语态，故答案为：whose house was destroyed。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及关系代词whose引导的限制性定语从句和一般过去时的被动语态。
30．【答案】who/that have passed the exam
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据所给汉语，此句是限制性定语从句，先行词是the girls，指人，在从句中作主语；根据She is one of the girls 的时态以及汉语意思，可知定语从句用现在完成时，故答案为：who/that have passed the exam。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及限制性定语从句以及现在完成时。
31．【答案】(that) I've ever read
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据汉语提示，这是一个限制性定语从句，先行词是the most interesting story，在从句中作宾语，因先行词由最高级修饰，因此只能用关系代词that引导，结合句意可知谓语动词用现在完成时，故答案为：(that) I've ever read。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及that引导的限制性定语从句和现在完成时。
32．【答案】who；were watching；actually；shortest；being；inspiration；out；replacement；Although；to play
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了身材矮小的Paul为了参加篮球队不断进行练习的经历。
（1）句意：我和Paul爱篮球，是NBA的超级粉丝，在我们学校的篮球队雄狮队。 loved basketball and were huge fans of the NBA是非限制性定语从句，先行词是人，故填who。
（2） 句意：当我们不上场打球的时候，我们在电视上看一场比赛。根据When we weren't playing on the court可知，此处用过去进行时，故填 were watching。
（3）句意：我最喜欢的球员是勒布朗·詹姆斯，保罗最喜欢的球员是泰龙，尽管我们实际上都同意他们是冠军。此处修饰动词agree作状语，应用副词形式，故填actually 。
（4）句意：博格身高只有1.6米，是NBA历史上最矮的球员。根据”ever in theNBA“可知，此处应用最高级，故填shortest。
（5）句意： 保罗知道，他比其它球员矮，这意味着他必须多练习。此处作主语，表示抽象的、一般
投的行为，应用动名词，故填being。
（6）句意：在所有这些时间自己做跳投，他用博格斯作为他的灵感。根据空格前的形容词性物主代词his可知，此处用名词形式，故填inspiration。
（7）句意：保罗为了成为球队而试了很多次。try out，固定短语，“尝试”，故填out。
（8）句意：他通常坐在替补席上， 只是替补， 这对他来说真的很难。根据前面的不定冠词a可知，此处用单数名词，故填replacement。
（9）句意：虽然他有真正的技术，非常努力，并且有为球队踢球的强烈愿望，但保罗没有机会。although 引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然”，故填Although。
（10）此处用不定式作定语，故填to play。
【点评】本题考点涉及定语从句，时态，副词，形容词，非谓语动词，名词，副词，连词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
33．【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）D
（4）C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；学习教育类；议论文
【解析】【分析】]本文是一篇议论文，大多数人都把注意力集中在挣钱、争取更高的社会地位和名誉上,但是研究表明这些并不足以提高我们的健康和幸福指数。
（1）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，本文论述了健康、快乐主要取决于什么，第一段中这些问题的提出就是为了引出接下来的论述，故选D。
（2）考查词义猜测。根据第二段作定”They might feel the need to make lots of money for education, medical care, homes and cars. “他们可能觉得有必要为教育、医疗、住房和汽车赚很多钱，所以说美国人沉溺于挣钱和工作，故选A。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的”wealth, social position and an important job title do not necessarily lead tohealth and happiness“人的健康和快乐并不只是依赖于财富和地位，故选D。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的”He said, 'The surprising finding is that our relationships and how happy we are in our relationships has a powerful influence on our health.' He added, 'Taking care of your body is important, but tending to your relationships is a form of self care too.'"可知人与人之间的关系对我们的健康有巨大影响，所以我们应该注重这种关系的培养，也就是与朋友经常保持联系，故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
34．【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）A
（4）B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；医疗保健类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了运动和人的身体之间的关系，每周进行适当时间的锻炼可以有效的预防和减少人们患疾病的几率，因此人们应该多找时间锻炼身体。
（1）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，本文主要讲了锻炼身体与人的健康的关系，因此这篇文章可能会出现在健康专栏，故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的”It took place over a nine year period. “可知这项研究
历时九年多时间，故选B。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段”The researchers found that people who exercised only one or two days a week improved their chances of living longer than people who did not exercise at all. Even those who are fat could extend their lives by exercising a couple of days per week.“研究人员发现，一周只锻炼一两天的人比根本不锻炼的人提高了长寿的机会。即使是那些肥胖的人也可以通过每周锻炼几天来延长寿命，由此可以判断出只要锻炼就会对身体有好处，故选A。
（4）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的" However, to be in the best health, Stamatakis says more exercise is better."Stamatakis说为了达到最佳的健康状态，更多的运动是更好的．因此Emmanuel Stamatakis建议我们进行更多的锻炼，故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
35．【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）D
【知识点】推理判断题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者的老师对作者的影响，最后作者自己也选择了教师这个职业。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的”Why would someone want to come in every day and attempt to instruct students, many of whom couldn't care less, or to get paid very little compared with the work he or she put in ”可知我认为老师所教的东西学生都不喜欢，教学这份工作很枯燥，而且这份工作的报酬很少。故选B。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“From reference books to funny jokes, you made each class exciting. You always tried to make class charming so that we could be excited about learning.”可知这位老师的课堂生动有趣，充满魅力，学生喜欢学习。因此推断他的课堂很有吸引力。故选C。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“You didn't only care about my learning, but you also cared about other things I was involved in. At the beginning of the year, we wrote down our hobbies and interests.”可知老师让我们写下自己的兴趣爱好是为了更好的理解我们，更好的关心我们。故选A。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“They showed me how much of an influence a teacher can have on a student.”可知从这位老师身上我看到了老师对学生的巨大影响，正是因为这位老师的影响，我也想成为一名老师。所以我认为教育的价值是对学生未来发展的影响。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
36．【答案】G；D；A；F；C
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，乔布斯很伟大，他创造的苹果公司非常伟大。那么我们可以从他身上学到哪些呢？文章介绍了我们可以从乔布斯身上可以学到的教训。
（1）根据空前“"There will never be another Steve Jobs."我们不会再有另外一个乔布斯了，说明乔布斯是一个伟大且特别的人，我们可以从他的身上学到什么呢？D.What are the key things that we could learn from him ”符合上下文语境，故选G。
（2）根据空前”pple was his calling－even after he got fired from the company. We all have bad jobs at one point in our lives. But the question is: Am I in the right job Have I found the right company Life doesn't go on forever. “可知乔布斯曾经被苹果公司开除过，每个人都有不好的工作经历。但是我们要确保自己走在正确的道路上，D.Get on our right path now.”符合上下文语境，故选D。
（3）根据空前“Steve learned a great leader can't do it all by himself.”告诉我们伟大的领袖不会自己做所有的事情，他们也需要别人的帮助和鼓励。A.They must be inspired”与上文“He needs people”语意一致，故选A。
（4）根据空后“Whenever the user has the first touch with a new Apple product, he says ‘Wow, it's just what I need.'”可知用户认为苹果产品正是他们需要的，说明苹果公司站在用户的立场上考虑产品的设计。F.Put yourself in the other person's shoes.”换位思考”与本段中心思想一致，故选F。
（5）根据本段小标题“Don't mess around with your health.“不要摆弄我们的健康。提醒我们一定要注意健康，C.Take your health seriously”与主旨一致。故选C。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
37．【答案】who/that；the；rose；medical；particularly；published；addiction；to gain；Cutting；but
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。分析了肥胖人口成比例增加，造成肥胖的原因是摄入过多盐和饮用软饮料。
（1）句意：参与调查的超重人群比例从2012年的29%上升到2016年的31.5%。本句为限定性定语从句修饰先行词people，关系词在从句中作主语，应使用关系代词who/that引导。故填who/that。
（2）句意：高度超重的人数上升到55万，这给医疗服务带来了严重的问题。根据下文___3___ (rise) to 550,000可知，此处特指“高度超重的人数”，应使用定冠词。故填the。
（3）句意：高度超重的人数上升到55万，这给医疗服务带来了严重的问题。and连接并列句，时态与上文保持一致，结合上文increased可知，此处应使用一般过去时。故填rose。
（4）句意：高度超重的人数上升到55万，这给医疗服务带来了严重的问题。此处修饰名词service，应使用形容词。故填medical。
（5）句意：在20多岁的人群中，超重人群的增长尤为明显。修饰形容词sharp，应用副词。故填particularly。
（6）句意：这些数据来自健康保险服务机构发布的一项身体检查研究。publish与逻辑主语study是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，表被动。故填published。
（7）句意：调查显示，年轻人肥胖率之所以居高不下，这可能是他们从小就对盐和软饮料上瘾的一种结果。形容词性物主代词后接名词，故填 addiction to。
（8）句意：此外，喝软饮料也有责任，因为它使人更容易增重。be likely to do sth.，固定短语，“更有可能做某事”后跟不定式。故填to gain。
（9）句意：句意：减少食盐摄取量可能很难，但反复训练以选择较不咸的食物是必要的。此处动名词作主语，故填Cutting。
（10）根据上下文语境可知表示转折关系，应用转折连词。故填but。
【点评】本题考点涉及定语从句，冠词，时态，形容词，副词，非谓语动词，名词以及连词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
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