人教版（2019）选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists Discover useful structures 课件(共33张PPT)

(共33张PPT)
Step I Lead-in (导入)
1. Listen to the song This is what it takes (《如果这一切就要逝去》)and fill in the blank.
I watch your troubled eyes 1. you rest, and I fall in love with every breath.
(I) Wonder 2. those eyes are really shut.
And am I the one you’re dreaming of, ’cause underneath the darkness, there’s a light that’s trying so hard to be seen.
And I know this, ‘cause I notice, a little bit shining through the scenes.
And 3. this is what it takes,
Then let me be the one to bear the pain.
If this is 4. it takes,
I’ll break down these walls 5. are in our way
If this is what it takes...
Step I Lead-in (导入)
1. Listen to the song This is what it takes (《如果这一切就要逝去》)and fill in the blank.
I watch your troubled eyes 1. you rest, and I fall in love with every breath.
(I) Wonder 2. those eyes are really shut.
And am I the on e you’re dreaming of, ’cause underneath the darkness, there’s a light that’s trying so hard to be seen.
And I know this, ‘cause I notice, a little bit shining through the scenes.
And 3. this is what it takes,
Then let me be the one to bear the pain.
If this is 4. it takes,
I’ll break down these walls 5. are in our way
If this is what it takes...
as
if
if
what
that
时间状语从句
宾语从句
定语从句
？？从句
Noun Clauses主语从句
主语从句 ( The Subject Clause)
宾语从句 ( The Object Clause)
表语从句 (The Predicative Clause)
同位语从句 (The Appositive Clause)
Noun
Clauses
表语从句 (The Predicative Clause)
选择性必修二 Unit 1 Predicative Clause
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① 理解: 表语从句的结构及意义
② 掌握: 表语从句的连接词及使用规则
③ 运用: 表语从句,去表达自己的想法
Learning Aims
表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的
What is the predicative？
表语从句的定义
The question is who will do it.
The question is difficult.
（ 表 ）
表语从句
（ 表 ）
在复合句中做表语的从句，叫做表语从句。它位于主句的系动词之后，对主语进行解释说明，使主语的内容具体化。
2. 表语从句的构成
主语 + 系动词 + 引导词 + 简单句
This is why he did it.
What I want to say is that I am tired.
表语从句
How to judge whether it is a predicative clause
主要依据：系动词后
The problem is difficult.
The problem is that he can not speak English.
Sth
That is why he did it.
Sth
Underline all the examples in the reading passage where noun clauses are used as the predicative on page 2-3.
1. One theory was that bad air caused the disease. (Para. 2)
2. Another was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water. (Para. 2)
3. It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. (Para. 3)
4. The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste . (Para. 4)
1. One theory was that bad air caused the disease. (Para. 2)
一种理论认为是空气不好导致了这种疾病。
2. Another was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water. (Para. 2)
另一种说法是霍乱是由食物或水中的细菌感染引起的。
3. It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. (Para. 3)
4. The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste . (Para. 4)
这个女人似乎非常喜欢水泵里的水，所以她每天都要把水送到她家里。
事实是，街上水泵的水已经被垃圾污染了
系动词的分类
1.感官类系动词（sound,look,taste,smell,feel)
2.变化类系动词(get,fall,grow,turn,go,come,become…)
be动词
3.状态系动词
保持类系动词（keep, remain, stay）
似乎类系动词（ seem, appear ）
证明类系动词（prove, turn out)
表语从句的判断
The judgment of the predicative clause
系动词后的成分为表语。系动词后的从句为表语从句。
（am, is, are, was, were)，意为“是”
连接词
that 没有意义 均不作句子成分
whether 是否，一般不用if替换 as if/as though 似乎，好像 because 因为
注意1: 表语从句的引导词没有if !!!
只用whether ,不用if的情况
Whether to do
Whether……or not
注意2： because引导表语从句通常只用于“This/That/It is because…”结构中。
How to choose correct conjunction (连接词)
连接代词
who,what,which,whose,whom
whoever,whatever,whichever
主语
宾语
定语
连接代词在从句中______、 ______、______等成分
连接副词
when,where,how,why
连接副词在从句中做状语。
This is __________I want.
My English is limited. This is _______I hate reading English books.
The village is _________ I used to spend my holiday.
It is ___________ I really love the way he behaves.
The trouble is __________ we are short of funds.
My problem is __________ coat is suitable for me.
I ‘ d like to start my own business—that’s ________ I want to do if I had the money.
What I want to know is _______will support me.
what
where
why
because
that
which
what
who
Practice
when
where
why
how
what/whatever
which/whichever
who/whoever
whom,whose...
that,whether
as if/as though
because
Summary
1. 表语从句的【特殊句式】
The reason why.... is that.... “...的原因是...”
The reason is that... “原因是...”
The reason ________ I like English is ________ it brings me happiness.
The reason is ________ English brings me joy.
Matters need attention
why
that
that
2. This /That/ It is because.... “这/那是因为...”
This / That / It is why... “这/那就是...的原因。”
because引导表语从句，从句表原因。
why引导表语从句，从句表结果。
I like English. That is ________ it brings me joy.
English brings me joy. That is _______ I like it.
because
why
1.He is careless and irresponsible. That was _______ he was
fired.
2.He was fired. That was _________ he is careless and
irresponsible.
3. The reason _______ he was fired was ________ he was
careless and irresponsible.
why
because
why
that
即学即练
2. 表语从句的【常见句式】
It seems/ appears that +句子 “似乎...”
It turns out /proves that +句子 “结果、原来...”
The chances are that +句子 “可能....”
It seems that we are going to be late
It turns out/proves that she was a friend of my sister.
The chances are that he will recover from his injury in time for the next game.
3. 表语从句中的【虚拟语气】
主语是表示“建议”“命令”“要求”的名词，表语从句应使用虚拟语气，即：(should) +动词原形
坚持: insistence,
命令: order, command,
建议: suggestion, advice, proposal, idea
要求: request, requirement，demand，ask
My suggestion is that we __________ (go) to hospital at once.
When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _______(be) broken.
My idea is that we ___________(get) more people to attend the conference.
The little girl talked as if she ___________(be) a grown-up.
She looks as if she _________(be) ten years younger.
should go
were
should get
had been
were
即学即练
4. as if/as though引导表语从句的【两种语气】
1.若表陈述语气，就用陈述语气；
2.若与客观事实不符，就用虚拟语气；
若跟现在事实不符：过去式（be动词用were）
若跟过去事实不符：had done
若跟将来事实不符：would/could+动词原形
It seems as if it _________(be) spring already.
It seems as if I ________(be) flying in the sky.
All this was 20 years ago, but it is as if it ___________(be)
only yesterday.
Examples
had been
could be
had been
5. 表语从句用陈述语气，且连接词均不可省略。
_________ he wants is a book.
_________ he wants to go there is obvious.
___________ impressed me most was his committed determination.
__________ touched me most was her heart of gold.
_________ he wants to improve English is exciting.
__________ we need to do now is to improve English.
that or what
What
That
What
What
That
What
when
where
why
how
what/whatever
which/whichever
who/whoever
whom,whose...
that,whether
as if/as though
because
Summary
如何选引导词
先根据句意选择
不充当成分 that,whether, as if/though,because 连词
充当状语 when,where,why,how 连接副词
充当定语 whose,what,which
充当主语，宾语，表语 其他
再分析“充不充当句子成分”
EXAMPLE
What Was it that John Snow showed to the world
What John Snow showed to the world was how cholera could be overcome.
1. What was Snow’s discovery in two particular streets in London
Snows discovery in two particular streets in London was that_____________________________________________
more than 500 people died in ten days.
P5 2. Answer the following questions using the information from the reading passage as well as the predicative clauses.
2. What was Snow determined to find out during the 1854 outbreak of cholera in London
What Snow was determined to find out was why _________________________________________________
3. What were the exact places(Snow marked on the map )
The exact places Snow marked on the map were where____________________________________________
4. What was the finding that Snow announced
Snow's finding was that_____________________________
________________________________________________
the
cholera outbreak was so severe in the two particular streets.
all those who died had lived
the pump water carried cholera germs..
P5 3. David is talking to Maria about their scientific research project. First complete David's lines (A-E, using the words in the box. Then put David's lines in the correct order and practice the conversation.
A: Absolutely ! You may not believe it, but that was ___________ happened at the initial stage of our group's research on developing a vaccine for malaria.
B:Yes, it is. And it seemed____________all the theories were useful, but the fact was_________we couldn't persuade one another that one theory was better than another.
C:Exactly The problem was not about__________all our theories were equally good, but in deciding.________theory to depend upon.
D:We realised that what we cared about was not____________aspect we needed to develop a theory in, but rather _____________we can reduce the cost of a vaccine without reducing its effect!
E: You're right. At last, we became focused on the key issue, which was _________we had to Cary out the research in the first place.
what
as if
that
whether
whose
which
how
why
as if that what who when How why whose which whether
Maria: This mix of theory and data is one of the key characteristics of what we call science.
David:__A_____
Maria: With your theoretical framework
David:__________________
Maria: Deciding on a theory is definitely of critical importance.
David:_________________
Maria This was when you should have calmed down and got down to doing some sold work.
David:_________________
Maria: So what happened in the end
David:__________________
B
C
E
D
Thank You !