东北师范大学附属中学深圳学校
2023-2024学年上学期英语科试卷
高二年级期中考试
注意:将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分基础知识(共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分)
单项填空，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —Shall we go bike-riding or go swimming
—________. They are both good ideas.
A. Not really B. Either is OK C. It’s a deal D. That’s all right
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情景对话。句意：——我们是去骑自行车还是去游泳？——哪一个都可以。A. Not really.不完全是；B. Either is OK.都可以；C. It’s a deal成交；D. That’s all right没关系。根据前文的go bike-riding or go swimming以及后文的They are both good ideas，可知“骑自行车或者游泳”哪一个都可以。故选B。
2. Following the girl, we went into a hall, on ________ walls hung pictures of some famous scientists.
A. whose B. its C. which D. that
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们跟着女孩走进一个大厅，大厅的墙上挂着一些著名科学家的照片。分析句子，设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作定语，指代hall’s，意为“大厅的”，故使用whose。故选A。
3. —What made Mary so upset today
—________.
A. Because she lost her new bicycle B. Since her new bicycle was lost
C. Losing her new bicycle D. With her new bicycle lost
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：——玛丽今天怎么这么心烦意乱？——丢了她的新自行车。A. Because she lost her new bicycle因为她丢了她的新自行车；B. Since her new bicycle was lost因为她的新自行车丢了；C. Losing her new bicycle丢了她的新自行车；D. With her new bicycle lost她的新自行车丢了。分析句子，根据前文的提问，回答的内容应该等同于what的成份，what在句中作主语，故使用动名词作主语。A和B选项为句子，D选项为介词短语，三个选项都不能作主语。故只有C符合题意。故选C。
4. There are so many kinds of computers on sale that I can’t make up my mind ________ to buy.
A. what B. which C. how D. where
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查特殊疑问词。句意：有这么多种类的电脑在出售，我拿不定主意要买哪一种。句中为特殊疑问词+不定式结构。A. what什么；B. which哪一个；C. how如何；D. where哪里。根据前文的so many kinds of computers 可知，此处表示“不知道买哪一个”，表示有范围的选择用which，what表示无范围的选择。故选B。
5. The speech was so ________ that they were all ________.
A. inspiring; exciting B. inspiring; excited
C. inspired; excited D. inspired; exciting
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：演讲是如此鼓舞人心，以至于他们都很兴奋。A. inspiring鼓舞人心的；exciting令人兴奋的；B. inspiring鼓舞人心的；excited感到兴奋的；C. inspired受到启发的；excited感到兴奋的；D. inspired受到启发的；exciting令人兴奋的。分析句子结构可知，两个设空处均需填形容词作表语。第一个设空处修饰the speech，需用-ing结尾的形容词，表示“鼓舞人心的”，故填inspiring；第二个设空处修饰they，表示 “人的感受”，需用-ed结尾的形容词，意为“感到兴奋的”，故填excited。故选B。
6. Seeing John rush into the room with tears in his eyes, I asked him ________.
A. what would happen B. what happened C. what to happen D. what had happened
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句和过去完成时。句意：看到约翰眼里含着泪水冲进房间，我问他发生了什么事。分析句子，设空处用what引导的宾语从句，同时happen该动作发生在ask之前，主语asked为一般过去时，故从句表示的是动作发生在过去的过去，即使用过去完成时，应用had done。故选D。
7. —I am sure that Andrew will win the first prize in the final.
—I think so. He ________ for it for months.
A. is preparing B. was preparing C. has been preparing D. had been preparing
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查现在完成进行时。句意：——我确信安德鲁会在决赛中获得第一名。——我想是的。他为此准备了好几个月。A. is preparing正在准备（现在进行时）；B. was preparing正在准备（过去进行时）；C. has been preparing一直在准备（现在完成进行时）；D. had been preparing一直在准备（过去完成进行时）。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，根据for months可知，该动作从过去持续到现在且一直进行，也可能继续持续下去。故使用现在完成进行时。故选C。
8. My father on me the value of hard work, teaching me to be an honest worker.
A. left B. entertained C. whispered D. impressed
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我父亲让我铭记努力工作的价值，教我做一个诚实的工人。A. left 离开；B. entertained 使娱乐；C. whispered 低声说；D. impressed 使印象深刻。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，此处表示过去事实，故使用一般过去时。impress on sb sth为固定短语，意为“使某人牢记；使某人铭记”，符合句意。故选D项。
9. As a consequence of the pandemic (疫情), the GDP of that country ________ by 20% compared with last year.
A. contrasted B. declined C. defeated D. deserved
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于大流行，那个国家的国内生产总值比去年下降了20%。A. contrasted对比；B. declined下降；C. defeated打败；D. deserved值得。由“As a consequence of the pandemic”可知，句子表示“由于大流行，那个国家的国内生产总值比去年下降了20%”，空格处意为“下降”，故选B。
10. In most cases, the price is ________ if it is a massive purchase.
A. negotiable B. distinct C. remarkable D. worthwhile
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在大多数情况下，如果是大量购买，价格是可以协商。A. negotiable可以协商的；B. distinct不同的；C. remarkable非凡的；D. worthwhile值得的。由“if it is a massive purchase”可知，句子表示“在大多数情况下，如果是大量购买，价格是可以协商的”，空格处意为“可以协商的”。故选A。
11. The young teacher adopted a(n) ________ approach to language teaching.
A. innovative B. permanent C. distinct D. complicated
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这位年轻教师采用了一种创新的语言教学方法。A. innovative创新的；B. permanent永久的；C. distinct不同的；D. complicated复杂的。分析句子，设空处应该使用形容词作定语，此处表示“创新的”用innovative，符合句意。故选A。
12. There is a possibility that the bridge might ________ during an earthquake.
A. make its way B. give way C. find its way D. be in the way
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：那座桥有可能在地震中倒塌。A. make its way前进；B. give way坍塌；C. find its way找到方法；D. be in the way挡路。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语。表示“坍塌”用give way。故选B。
13. It takes some time for one to ________ the new environment before settling down.
A. bring out B. burst into C. adapt to D. descend upon
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在安顿下来之前，一个人需要一段时间来适应新环境。A. bring out使显示；B. burst into突然（哭、笑、唱）起来；C. adapt to适应；D. descend upon突然袭击。由“the new environment”可知，句子表示“一个人需要一段时间来适应新环境”。故选C。
14. The recent discoveries from the ancient tomb ________ the hidden history of the family.
A. throws light on B. works closely with C. plays a trick on D. leave an impression on
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：最近在古墓中的发现揭示了这个家族隐藏的历史。A. throws light on使……显得清楚，阐明；B. works closely with与……密切合作；C. plays a trick on捉弄；D. leave an impression on给……留下印象。由“the hidden history of the family”可知，句子表示“最近在古墓中的发现揭示了这个家族隐藏的历史”，空格处意为“使……显得清楚，阐明”，故选A。
15. By entering high school, you ________ your journey to a perfect self.
A. give one hint to B. highlight the importance of C. set in motion D. go deeper into
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：进入高中，你开启了通往完美自我的旅程。A. give one hint to给提示；B. highlight the importance of突出……的重要性；C. set in motion开动；开启；D. go deeper into深入研究。根据句意，表示“开启”用set in motion，进入高中开启了成为完美自己的旅程。故选C。
16. In the past few decades, there ________ a dramatic increase in the number of people who study abroad.
A. is B. was C. has been D. had been
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：在过去的几十年里，出国留学的人数急剧增加。分析句子可知，此处应为there be句型，此空为谓语动词，根据时间状语in the past few decades可知，此处应使用现在完成时态，且句子主语为a dramatic increase为单数名词，所以谓语为单数。故选C项。
17. ________ with some food and drinks, the children set sail early in the morning.
A. Equip B. To equip C. Equipping D. Equipped
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：装备有一些食品和饮料，孩子们一大早就启航了。A. Equip装备（一般现在时）；B. To equip为了装备（不定式）；C. Equipping装备（现在分词）；D. Equipped装备（过去分词）。分析句子结构，set是谓语，be equipped with为固定短语，意为“装备”，由于句中没有连词，空格处在句中作状语，应用过去分词形式。故选D项。
18. To be a popular student among class, we are _______ to sacrifice our personal interests whenever necessary.
A. obeyed B. supposed C. embarrassed D. devoted
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了成为课堂上受欢迎的学生，我们应该在必要时牺牲我们的个人利益。A. obeyed遵守；B. supposed假设，认为；C. embarrassed使尴尬；D. devoted投入，奉献。结合句意可知，此处为be supposed to do的用法，意为“应该”，相当于should。故选B项。
19. In April, thousands of holidaymarkers remained ________ abroad ________ the volcanic ash cloud.
A. sticking; result from B. stuck; due to
C. to be stuck; as a result of D. to have stuck; result in
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词及介词短语辨析。句意：在四月，成千上万到外地度假的人由于火山灰云的影响仍然停留在国外。A. result from起因于；B. due to由于；C. as a result of由于；D. result in导致。此处remain是系动词，后跟过去分词作表语，表被动。remain stuck表示“被困住”。故选B项。
20. My car needs________but I forgot________it to the repair shop.
A. to repair; to take B. repairing; to take
C. to be repaired; taking D. repairing; taking
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我的车需要修理，但我忘了把它送到修理店去。根据句子结构分析可知，第一个设空处repair为非谓语动词作need的宾语，因主语my car与repair是被动关系，“need doing”意为“需要被…”，因此，第一个设空处需要使用动名词主动形式表达被动关含义。第二个设空处为非谓语动词做forget的宾语，根据短语“forget to do”意为“忘记要去做…”，故选B。
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
4 Most walkable cities in Europe
Seville, Spain
Seville in Spain takes the top spot as Europe’s most walkable city, offering the shortest walking route between the top four tourist attractions.Visitors can explore the impressive Plaza de Espana public square, before wandering over to the UNESCO-listed palace of Real Alcazar and Seville Cathedral. After that, it’s only a short trip on foot to visit the beautiful Barrio Santa Cruz neighbourhood.
Venice, Italy
Venice is well-known as a heaven for pedestrians (行人), so it’s no surprise it ranks as the second best location for walkable city breaks. There are endless alleyways to explore, as well as plenty of beautiful bridges over the crisscrossing canals that the city is famous for. Just under half an hour of walking here will take you on a tour of the impressive Grand Canal, Doge’s Palace, St Mark’s Square, Basilica and bell tower, all in only 1.3 miles.
Porto, Portugal
Nestled along Portugal’s picturesque coast, Porto comes in third with its top attractions all covered by a 30-minute walking route. Meander along the Dom Luís I Bridge over the Douro River, head to the Clérigos Church Bell Tower and enjoy a riverfront walking place along the Cais da Ribeira. The Stock Exchange Palace is also just a short walk away.
Florence, Italy
Florence, Italy, secures its place as the fourth most walkable city in Europe thanks to its stunning attractions that can be seamlessly explored on foot. A 1.6 mile route covers the awe-inspiring Piazzale Michelangelo; the famous Uffizi Gallery; the Piazza del Duomo where you will be amazed at the magnificent Florence Cathedral; and the Galleria dell’Accademia, home to Michelangelo’s masterpiece, the statue of David.
21. How long is probably the walking route in Seville
A. 1.1 miles. B. 1.3 meters. C. 1.6 meters. D. 1.8 meters.
22. Which city is probably located near the sea
A. Seville. B. Venice. C. Porto. D. Florence.
23. What is the writing purpose of the text
A. To compare the four cities.
B. To show the benefits of walking.
C. To stress the importance of traveling.
D. To attract visitors to walk in these cities.
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个欧洲最适合步行的城市。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Seville, Spain部分提到的“Seville in Spain takes the top spot as Europe’s most walkable city, offering the shortest walking route between the top four tourist attractions.(西班牙的塞维利亚被评为欧洲最适合步行的城市，在四大旅游景点之间的步行路线最短)”，Venice, Italy部分提到“Just under half an hour of walking here will take you on a tour of the impressive Grand Canal, Doge’s Palace, St Mark’s Square, Basilica and bell tower, all in only 1.3 miles.(在这里步行不到半小时，你就可以参观令人印象深刻的大运河、总督府、圣马可广场、大教堂和钟楼，所有这些都只有1.3英里)”，Porto, Portugal部分提到“Nestled along Portugal’s picturesque coast, Porto comes in third with its top attractions all covered by a 30-minute walking route.(坐落在葡萄牙风景如画的海岸上，波尔图排名第三，其顶级景点都是30分钟的步行路线)”以及Florence, Italy部分提到“A 1.6 mile route covers the awe-inspiring Piazzale Michelangelo; the famous Uffizi Gallery; the Piazza del Duomo where you will be amazed at the magnificent Florence Cathedral; and the Galleria dell’Accademia, home to Michelangelo’s masterpiece, the statue of David.(1.6英里长的路线包括令人敬畏的米开朗基罗广场；著名的乌菲齐美术馆；大教堂广场，宏伟的佛罗伦萨大教堂令您惊叹不已;还有学院美术馆，这里收藏着米开朗基罗的杰作——大卫雕像)”可知，文章提到塞尔维亚适合步行的路线是这四个景点中最短的。结合选项可知，塞维利亚的步行路线大概有1.1英里。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Porto, Portugal部分提到的“Meander along the Dom Luís I Bridge over the Douro River, head to the Clérigos Church Bell Tower and enjoy a riverfront walking place along the Cais da Ribeira.(沿着杜罗河上的Dom Luís I桥蜿蜒而行，前往Clérigos教堂钟楼，沿着Cais da Ribeira享受河边散步)”可知，在波尔图可以沿着河边散步，而河流最终流入大海，波尔图可能也位于海边。故选C。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章标题“4 Most walkable cities in Europe(四个欧洲最适合步行的城市)”可知，文章主要介绍了四个欧洲最适合步行的城市。由此推知，本文是为了吸引更多的游客来这些城市徒步旅游。故选D。
B
In a classroom in rural Kenya’s Rift Valley, a student takes notes alongside her fellow classmates. She wears the same school uniform-a grey skirt and a green sweater. However, she is more than 80 years older than them. Priscilla Sitienei, who turned 99-years-old on February 11, said she went back to class to set a good example for her great-grandchildren and to start a new career. “I’d like to become a doctor because I used to be a midwife (助产士)” she said, adding that her children were supportive-of her decision.
Back in 2003, the government of the East African country began an education campaign to help to pay for the cost of primary schooling, allowing some older members of society who had missed out on education in their younger days to continue their dreams. This has given Sitienei more than an education. She’s also become a film star. She traveled to Paris last year for the first showing of a film about her journey titled “Gogo”, which means “grandmother” in her native Kalenjin language. She’ll also be heading to New York City soon for the launch of the film there.
Sitienei, who is in her sixth year of primary school, said her aims were far more practical than becoming a movie star. She had the idea when her great-granddaughter dropped out of school after getting pregnant, “I jokingly asked her if she had any money remaining on her school fee and she said yes, so I told her that I’d use it to attend school.” She said she had hoped that her great granddaughter would continue with her studies. But when she refused, Sitienei decided to go to school herself.
Sitienci also enjoys other school activities, including physical education classes. “It keeps me fit. I get to jump around, even though not as much as they can do, but I at least move my body. That’s my joy,” she said.
Her teachers use Sitienei’s wide experience to keep the peace during lessons. “I appoint Sitienei to help control the class. And it works. When I go outside, the class remains silent, “said Leonida Talaam, her class teacher.
24. How does Priscilla Sitienei differ from her classmates
A. The learning approach. B. The dressing style.
C. Study efficienoy. D. Physical age.
25. Why are Paris and New York City mentioned in paragraph 2
A To show the daily routines of a film star.
B. To state Sitienei is really fond of traveling.
C. To indicate effects of the education campaign on Sitienei.
D. To explain the hard work it takes to make dreams come true.
26. Which word best describes Sitienei
A. Active. B. Passive. C. Independent. D. Intelligent.
27 What can be inferred about Sitienei from the last paragraph
A. She hates noise in class very much. B. She is a good helper to her class teacher.
C. She always enjoys staying in silence alone. D. She often replaces her teacher to give lessons.
【答案】24. D 25. C 26. A 27. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了在肯尼亚乡村，Priscilla Sitienei这位年近百岁的老人，为了实现梦想重新回到课堂的故事。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“However, she is more than 80 years older than them.(然而，她比他们年长80多岁)”可知，Priscilla Sitienei与其他同学的年龄相差很大，这是不同之处。故选D项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Back in 2003, the government of the East African country began an education campaign to help to pay for the cost of primary schooling, allowing some older members of society who had missed out on education in their younger days to continue their dreams. This has given Sitienei more than an education. (早在2003年，这个东非国家的政府就开始了一项教育运动，帮助支付小学教育费用，让一些年轻时错过教育机会的社会老年成员继续他们的梦想。这给Sitienei带来的不仅仅是教育)”说明，东非国家开始的这项教育运动对Sitienei带来很大影响，这也是她有机会去到巴黎和纽约的原因。故选C项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四自然段“Sitienci also enjoys other school activities, including physical education classes.(Sitienci也喜欢其他的学校活动，包括体育课)”可知，她是一位很积极活跃的人。故选A项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Her teachers use Sitienei’s wide experience to keep the peace during lessons.(她的老师们利用Sitienei丰富的经验来维持课堂上的和平)”和“I appoint Sitienei to help control the class. And it works. When I go outside, the class remains silent(我任命Sitienei来帮助管理这个班。这是有效的。当我走到外面的时候，教室里鸦雀无声)”可知，Sitienei在帮助老师管理班级方面很有作用。故选B项。
C
The earth is warming. The past years are the warmest on record. Greenhouse gases from human activities are responsible for 1.1°C of average warming since 1900. What we’re experiencing is different from the global average. We experience extreme weather — historic droughts, serious heatwaves, violent storms and catastrophic (灾难性的) floods.
We won’t feel the impact of our efforts for decades. But we must know our future today so we can act now. To develop the best strategies for adaptation, we need climate models to predict the climate in different regions over decades. Unlike predicting the weather, climate models are multi-decade simulations (模拟) modeling the physics chemistry and biology of the atmosphere, waters, ice, land and human activities.
Greater resolution is needed to model changes in the global climate. Scientists estimate that these resolutions will demand billions of times more computing power than what’s currently available. It would take decades to achieve that through the ordinary course of computing advances.
For the first time, we have the technology to do that. We can achieve million-x speedups by combining three technologies: GPU-accelerated computing; breakthroughs in physics-informed neural (神经的) networks and AI supercomputers, along with vast quantities of data to learn from.
With these techniques, we may have within our grasp the billion-x leap needed to do ultra-high-resolution (超高分辨率) climate modeling. And with more accurate predictions people and nations will act with more urgency.
NVIDIA this week announced plans to build the world’s most powerful AI supercomputer used to predict climate change Named Earth-2, the system would create a digital twin of the Earth. The system would be the climate change to Cambridge-1 the world’s most powerful AI supercomputer for healthcare research.
28 What is one of the results mentioned in the text of global warming
A. Water shortage. B. Loss of coastal cities.
C. Rise of sea level. D. More extreme weather.
29. Why is it difficult to model global climate
A. It will cost billions of money. B. The climate changes frequently.
C. Technology now can’t meet the needs. D. The model of the earth is too difficult to build.
30. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A. What advance AI has made recently.
B. What makes it hard to model the global climate.
C. What makes modelling the global climate possible.
D. What scientists’ plan to model the global climate is.
31. What is the text
A. A travel guide. B. A news report.
C. A short story. D. A science fiction.
【答案】28. D 29. C 30. C 31. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了鉴于全球变暖所带来的危害，为了制定最佳的适应策略，科学家们计划建造世界上最强大的用于预测气候变化的人工智能超级计算机。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后“What we’re experiencing is different from the global average. We experience extreme weather—historic droughts, serious heatwaves, violent storms and catastrophic (灾难性的) floods.”（我们所经历的气温情况与全球平均气温水平不同。我们经历了极端天气——历史上的干旱、严重的热浪、暴风雨和灾难性的洪水。）可知文章提到了全球变暖导致的结果之一就是我们经历了更极端的天气，故选D项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Greater resolution is needed to model changes in the global climate. Scientists estimate that these resolutions will demand billions of times more computing power than what’s currently available. It would take decades to achieve that through the ordinary course of computing advances.”（需要更大的分辨率来模拟全球气候的变化。科学家估计，这些分辨率将需要比现有计算能力高出数十亿倍的计算能力。通过普通的计算机技术进步，需要几十年的时间才能实现这一目标。）可知要模拟全球气候需要超高的分辨率，普通计算机要发展几十年才能达到这个计算能力，故目前的计算机技术是不能满足要求的，所以建模全球气候很困难，故选C项。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“For the first time, we have the technology to do that. We can achieve million-x speedups by combining three technologies: GPU-accelerated computing; breakthroughs in physics-informed neural (神经的) networks and AI supercomputers, along with vast quantities of data to learn from.”（这是我们第一次拥有这样的技术。我们可以通过结合三种技术实现百万倍的加速：GPU加速计算；在基于物理的神经网络和人工智能超级计算机方面取得突破，以及大量的数据可供学习。）可知，因为目前的计算机技术达不到要求，但是我们可以通过三种技术实现百万倍的加速，即这三种技术的结合能够解决目前计算机技术不能达到要求这一问题，即使得模拟全球气候成为可能，故本段主要讲述了什么使得模拟全球气候成为可能，故选C项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了鉴于全球变暖所带来的危害，为了制定最佳的适应策略，科学家们计划建造世界上最强大的用于预测气候变化的人工智能超级计算机，故推测这是一篇关于科技方面的新闻报道，故选B项。
D
Is it true that our brain alone is responsible for human cognition (认知) What about our body Is it possible for thought and behaviour to originate from somewhere other than our brain Psychologists who study Embodied Cognition (EC) ask similar questions. The EC theory suggests our body is also responsible for thinking or problem-solving. More precisely, the mind shapes the body and the body shapes the mind in equal measure.
If you think about it for a moment, it makes total sense. When you smell something good or hear amusing sounds, certain emotions are awakened. Think about how newborns use their senses to understand the world around them. They don’t have emotions so much as needs — they don’t feel sad, they’re just hungry and need food. Even unborn babies can feel their mothers’ heartbeats and this has a calming effect. In the real world, they cry when they’re cold and then get hugged. That way, they start to associate being warm with being loved.
Understandably, theorists have been arguing for years and still disagree on whether the brain is the nerve centre that operates the rest of the body. Older Western philosophers and mainstream language researchers believe this is fact, while EC theorises that the brain and body are working together as an organic supercomputer, processing everything and forming your reactions.
Further studies have backed up the mind-body interaction. In one experiment, test subjects were asked to judge people after being handed a hot or a cold drink. They all made warm evaluations when their fingertips perceived warmth rather than coolness. And it works the other way too. In another study, subjects’ fingertip temperatures were measured after being “included” in or “rejected” from a group task. Those who were included felt physically warmer.
For further proof, we can look at the metaphors (比喻) that we use without even thinking. A kind and sympathetic person is frequently referred to as one with a soft heart and someone who is very strong and calm in difficult situations is often described as solid as a rock. And this kind of metaphorical use is common across languages.
Now that you have the knowledge of mind-body interaction, why not use it If you’re having a bad day, a warm cup of tea will give you a flash of pleasure. If you know you’re physically cold, warm up before making any interpersonal decisions.
32. According to the author, what is the significance of EC
A. It brings us closer to the truth in human cognition.
B. It offers a clearer picture of the shape of human brain.
C. It reveals the major role of the mind in human cognition.
D. It facilitates our understanding of the origin of psychology.
33. Where does the newborns’ understanding of their surroundings start from
A. Their personal looks. B. Their mental needs.
C. Their inner emotions. D. Their physical feelings.
34. What does the author intend to prove by citing the metaphors in Paragraph 5
A. Human speech is alive with metaphors.
B. Human senses have effects on thinking.
C. Human language is shaped by visual images.
D. Human emotions are often compared to natural materials.
35. What is the author’s purpose in writing the last paragraph
A. To deepen the readers’ understanding of EC.
B. To encourage the reader to put EC into practice.
C. To guide the reader onto the path to career success.
D. To share with the reader ways to release their emotions.
【答案】32. A 33. D 34. B 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了心理学家的一项EC理论表明，我们不是只有大脑负责人类的认知，我们的身体也负责思考或者解决问题。更准确的说思想塑造身体，身体同等程度地塑造思想。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段第五句话“The EC theory suggests our body is also responsible for thinking or problem-solving. More precisely, the mind shapes the body and the body shapes the mind in equal measure.(EC理论表明，我们的身体也负责思考或解决问题。更准确地说，思维塑造身体，身体同等程度地塑造思维。)”可推知，EC理论让我们更接近人类认知的真相。故选A。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段第四句话“They don’t have emotions so much as need — they don’t feel sad, they’re just hungry and need food. Even unborn babies can feel their mothers’ heartbeats and this has a calming effect. In the real world，they cry when they’re cold and then get hugged. That way, they start to associate being warm with being loved.(他们没有如同需要那么多的情感——他们不会感到悲伤，他们只是饿，需要食物。即使是未出生的婴儿也能感觉到母亲的心跳，这具有镇静作用。在现实世界中，他们冷了就哭，然后被拥抱。这样，他们开始将温暖与被爱联系起来)”可推知，新生儿对周围环境的理解依靠的是身体感觉。故选D。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段第一句话“For further proof, we can look at the metaphors (比喻) that we use without even thinking.(为了进一步证明，我们可以看看我们不假思索就使用的比喻)”和第四段第一句话“Further studies have backed up the mind-body interaction.(更多的研究支持了身心互动)”可知，两个自然段都是为了证明上文第三段EC的观点“Older Western philosophers and mainstream language researchers believe this is fact, while EC theorises that the brain and body are working together as an organic supercomputer, processing everything and forming your reactions.(年长的西方哲学家和主流语言研究人员认为这是事实，而EC理论认为大脑和身体作为一台有机的超级计算机协同工作，处理一切并形成反应)”。所以，作者想要印证的是人类的感官对思维有影响。故选B。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句话“Now that you have the knowledge of mind-body interaction, why not use it (既然您已经掌握了身心互动的知识，为什么不使用它呢 )”以及下文中列举的两种现实生活中的情况“If you’re having a bad day, a warm cup of tea will give you a flash of pleasure. If you know you’re physically cold, warm up before making any interpersonal decisions. (如果你今天过得很糟糕，一杯温暖的茶会给你带来一瞬间的快乐。如果你知道自己身体很冷，在做出任何人际关系决定之前先热身。)”可推知，最后一段作者鼓励读者把 EC 理论运用于现实生活中。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Having good conversations— with strangers or your friends— is an art. ____36____ Headlee, a podcast host, did a TED Talk about how to make a good conversation. Here’s her advice.
Be present.
People think it means not looking at your email or texting during the conversation. It also means giving people your entire attention, ignoring anything unconnected. There is another thing. ____37____ Let’s think of listening like a river. We dam it up all the time when we stop listening to think about what we’re going to say next. Once that happens, you need to let such thoughts go out of your mind and return to the conversation.
Talk small to get to weightier topics.
Anything is OK. ____38____ “It is pleasurable to answer questions about yourself. So small talk is a way to let people do that,” Headlee explains. Remember Yes-or-No questions don’t lead the conversation far. For example, rather than asking, “Are you sitting down ” You might try, “What kind of chair would you like to sit in ”
____39____
If you’re getting too many details, it can be easy to lose focus on the big picture. Nobody cares about the exact date or somebody’s name or the movie you watched.
Handle an awkward silence.
You have two options. One is to let it breathe. People say all sorts of things to fill a gap in the conversation— that can lead you down a new conversation. You can also address the awkward silence. “Admit it with a joke,” Headlee says. ____40____
A. Stay out of the weeds.
B. Mind your manners in a talk.
C. Go with the flow of the conversation.
D. You can’t pretend like it’s not happening.
E. Generally speaking, open-ended questions are preferred.
F. It requires attention, something that’s in high demand these days.
G. Ask people to talk about themselves and you’re already off to a good start.
【答案】36. F 37. C 38. G 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了与陌生人或朋友进行良好的交谈的四种方法。
【36题详解】
根据前文“Having good conversations— with strangers or your friends— is an art. (与陌生人或朋友进行良好的交谈是一门艺术。)”和后文“Headlee, a podcast host, did a TED Talk about how to make a good conversation.（播客主持人Headlee在TED上做了一个关于如何进行良好对话的演讲。）”可知，与陌生人或朋友进行良好的交谈是一个热门话题，引出本文主旨。F选项“It requires attention, something that’s in high demand these days.（它需要关注，这是当今的热门话题。）”符合题意，故选F。
【37题详解】
根据后文“Let’s think of listening like a river.（让我们想象一下像河流一样倾听。）”可知，这一段介绍的是要让对话流畅。C选项“Go with the flow of the conversation.（顺其自然的对话。）”符合题意，故选C。
【38题详解】
根据后文“It is pleasurable to answer questions about yourself.（回答关于你自己的问题是很愉快的。）”可知，本段介绍的办法是让人们谈论他们自己。G选项“Ask people to talk about themselves and you’re already off to a good start.（让人们谈论他们自己，你已经有了一个好的开始。）”符合题意，故选G。
39题详解】
根据后文“If you’re getting too many details, it can be easy to lose focus on the big picture.（如果你得到的细节太多，很容易失去对大局的关注。）”可知，要学会取舍，抓重点。A选项“Stay out of the weeds.（少说废话。）”符合题意，故选A。
【40题详解】
根据本段的小标题“Handle an awkward silence.（处理尴尬的沉默。）”以及下文“You have two options. One is to let it breathe. People say all sorts of things to fill a gap in the conversation— that can lead you down a new conversation. You can also address the awkward silence. “Admit it with a joke,” Headlee says.（你有两个选择。一是让它呼吸。人们会说各种各样的事情来填补谈话中的空白——这会让你开始新的谈话。你也可以解决尴尬的沉默。“开个玩笑承认吧，”黑德利说。）”可知，本段是介绍解决尴尬沉默的方法，通过开玩笑来化解尴尬，不能假装没有发生。D选项“You can’t pretend like it’s not happening.（你不能假装没有发生。）”符合题意，故选D。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I become a mother, it changed the way I looked at my own mom. That made our____41____deeper and made me want to know more about how she was as a ____42____in those days when I was young. I also like to ask her how she dealt with those milestone motherhood moment and ____43____it to my situations.
I was 37 when I had my twins, living in New York. When my mother was 37, I was 12 and my sister was 9. We also lived in New York. Despite the similar ___44___our lives were so different when we were both that age. She was well into motherhood; I was just ___45___, from her.
My mom was 25 when she became a mom. And when I was 25, it was an important year for me as well. I was going through a sense of ___46___when I was 25. I felt unsettled, thinking I wasn’t doing the right things. I felt unaccomplished___47___ had just finished post-graduate (研究生) studies at college. I didn’t know whether I should take the___48___route and become a teacher or the potentially (潜在地) unstable route of ___49___writing career. It was around that time that I _____50_____doing some very deep thinking. The result was that I_____51_____moving back to New York from the Hudson Valley. It was move that______52______changed my life.
When my mother was 25, she was ____53____to new motherhood. I’m sure there were times when she felt uneasy. She was experiencing a huge life change, so was I. It’s kind of poetic when you think about it.
I think I will do this every year —______54______|my own past, asking my mother questions, reflecting and filling in the blanks. It makes me feel_____55_____to her, teaches me things, and gives me even more memories.
41.
A. connection B. conflict C. manner D. misunderstanding
42.
A. student B. friend C. parent D. teenager
43.
A. conducted B. compared C. moved D. mentioned
44.
A. methods B. location C. problems D. appearance
45.
A. imagining B. thinking C. benefiting D. learning
46.
A. impossibility B. uneasiness C. happiness D. responsibility
47.
A. if B. although C. once D. as
48.
A. dark B. quick C. safe D. long
49.
A. pursuing B. finding C. recording D. analyzing
50.
A. started B. continued C. appreciated D. refused
51.
A. took up B. put up C. set up D. ended up
52.
A. suddenly B. eventually C. generally D. unfortunately
53.
A. relating B. pointing C. replying D. adjusting
54.
A. remembering B. ignoring C. describing D. managing
55.
A. warmer B. taller C. closer D. kinder
【答案】41. A 42. C 43. B 44. B 45. D 46. B 47. B 48. C 49. A 50. A 51. D 52. B 53. D 54. A 55. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要说明了作者当妈妈以后，对自己母亲的看法也发生了改变，两人的联系更加紧密。作者也从母亲的经历中学到了一些经验。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这使我们的联系更加紧密，也使我想更多地了解她在我年轻的时候是如何为人父母的。A. connection联系；B. conflict冲突；C. manner礼貌；D. misunderstanding误解。根据后文“and made me want to know more about how she was as a”可知，作者想要更了解母亲，说明联系更加紧密了。故选A。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这使我们的联系更加紧密，也使我想更多地了解她在我年轻的时候是如何为人父母的。A. student学生；B. friend朋友；C. parent母亲；D. teenager青少年。根据后文“My mom was 25 when she became a mom.(我妈妈25岁就当了妈妈)”可知，此处指母亲年轻的时候是如何当母亲的。故选C。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我也喜欢问她是如何处理那些具有里程碑意义的母性时刻，并将其与我的情况进行比较。A. conducted实施；B. compared比较；C. moved移动；D. mentioned提及。根据后文“it to my situations”可知，作者在把母亲的经历和自己进行比较。故选B。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管我们住在相似的地方，但我们在那个年龄时的生活却大不相同。A. methods方法；B. location位置；C. problems问题；D. appearance出现。根据上文“I was 37 when I had my twins, living in New York. When my mother was 37, I was 12 and my sister was 9. We also lived in New York.(我生双胞胎的时候37岁，住在纽约。母亲37岁时，我12岁，妹妹9岁。我们也住在纽约)”可知，她们住在相似的地方，故选B。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她妈妈做的很好，只是在向她学习。A. imagining想象；B. thinking思考；C. benefiting获益；D. learning学习。根据上文“She was well into motherhood”可知，妈妈母亲做得很好，作者在向她学习。故选D。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我25岁的时候，我正在经历一种不安的感觉。A. impossibility不可能性；B. uneasiness不安；C. happiness幸福；D. responsibility责任。根据后文“I felt unsettled, thinking I wasn’t doing the right things.(我感到不安，觉得自己做的事情不对)”可知，作者25岁时感到不安。故选B。
【47题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然我刚刚在大学完成了研究生的学习，但我感到没有成就感。A. if如果；B. although虽然；C. once一旦；D. as正如。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，although引导让步状语从句，故选B。
【48题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不知道我是否应该走安全的道路，成为一名教师，还是走可能不稳定的道路，追求写作事业。A. dark黑暗的；B. quick快速的；C. safe安全的；D. long长的。根据后文“route and become a teacher or the potentially unstable route of”可知，成为教师是安全稳定的道路，故选C。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道我应该走安全的道路，成为一名教师，还是走可能不稳定的道路，追求写作事业。A. pursuing追求；B. finding找到；C. recording记录；D. analyzing分析。根据后文“writing career”指追求自己的写作事业。故选A。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约在那个时候，我开始做一些非常深刻的思考。A. started开始；B. continued继续；C. appreciated感激；D. refused拒绝。根据上文可知因为不安，作者开始深刻思考自己的人生。故选A。
【51题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：结果，我从哈德逊河谷搬回了纽约。A. took up拿起；B. put up举起；C. set up建立；D. ended up最后。根据后文“moving back to New York from the Hudson Valley”指作者最终从哈德逊河谷搬回了纽约。end up doing sth.表示“最终做某事”。故选D。
【52题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：正是这次搬家最终改变了我的生活。A. suddenly突然；B. eventually最后；C. generally通常；D. unfortunately不幸地。根据后文“changed my life”指这次搬家最终改变了作者的生活。故选B。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我母亲25岁时，她正在适应初为人母的生活。A. relating涉及；B. pointing指出；C. replying回复；D. adjusting调整，适应。根据后文“to new motherhood”指适应初为人母的生活，短语adjust to表示“适应”。故选D。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想我每年都会这样做——回忆自己的过去，向母亲提问，反思并填补空白。A. remembering记得，回忆；B. ignoring忽视；C. describing描述；D. managing管理。根据后文“my own past”可知，指作者回忆过去。故选A。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这让我觉得和她更亲近了，教会了我很多东西，给了我更多的回忆。A. warmer更温暖的；B. taller更高的；C. closer更近的；D. kinder更善良的。根据后文“teaches me things”可知，作者当母亲之后，和母亲更亲近了，学到了很多。故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空自处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Where have you travelled This is the question that always ____56____（come）up after each holiday. I remember being particularly embarrassed about this when ____57____（surround）by those who’d explored many countries. That’s not to say I’m not interested in those places, but my preferred mode of travelling has always been focusing more on ____58____ makes me happy. I’m content to explore closer to home and to trade passport stamps for ____59____ joy of finding a spot I should know about and yet have never seen before. A favorite moment in my day can be ____60____（walk）down a new street and realizing that, while I have lived here ____61____ 12 years, there are still little corners ____62____ lie undiscovered. There are a million ____63____（story）waiting to be discovered on your own road, so why do we regard them as ____64____（important）than those that can only be heard after an eight-hour flight
Travelling experiences ____65____（rich）life. It’s very nice to go travelling, but it’s so much nicer to come home.
【答案】es
57. surrounded
58. what 59. the
60. walking
61. for 62. that/which
63. stories
64. less important
65. enrich
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章通过讲自己的度假经历来论证去哪儿不重要，重要的是自己开心并能获取知识。
【56题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，that引导定语从句且充当主语，先行词是problem，故that是第三人称单数。通过is判断出本句为一般现在时，所以用come的第三人称单数形式。故填comes。
【57题详解】
考查状语从句的省略。分析句子结构可知此处是状语从句省略，完整的句子为：I remember being particularly embarrassed about this when I was surrounded by those who’d explored many countries.在状语从句中如果主从句主语一致，且从句由be动词时，可以省略从句中的主语和be。故填surrounded。
【58题详解】
考查宾语从句连词。分析句子结构可知on后是一个宾语从句，且连词在句中充当主语，指物。故填what。
【59题详解】
考查冠词。句中joy是名词，且特指“发现新景点的快乐”，故用定冠词。故填the。
【60题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我一天中最喜欢的时刻是走在一条新的街道上，并意识到，虽然我在这里生活了12年，但仍没有发现一些小角落。分析句子结构可知，此处是用动名词形式做表语，walking 与and后面的realizing…是并列关系。故填walking。
【61题详解】
考查介词。分析句子结构可知，此处应该填介词。该句是现在完成时，且12years是时间段，根据since+时间点，for+时间段，可知此处用介词for。故填for。
【62题详解】
考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知此句是定语从句，先行词是corners，指物，定语从句缺少主语，所以用关系代词which/that。故填which/that。
【63题详解】
考查可数名词的数。根据空格前的a million可知此处应该用story的复数形式。故填stories。
【64题详解】
考查形容词的比较级。句意：为什么我们会认为那些在家附近的旅行比起长途跋涉的旅行来没那么重要呢？根据固定短语regard sb as adj/n 可知此处应该用形容词，由 than判断用比较级，由句意可知是否定意义。故填less important。
【65题详解】
考查谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格处应该是谓语动词，rich的动词形式是enrich, 主语experiences是复数形式，时态为一般现在时，所以用动词原形。故填enrich。
【点睛】状语从句的省略问题：
用作状语的从句叫状语从句。状语从句可置于句首、句末或句中，一般来说，状语从句都比较完整。但是，在一些状语从句中存在的省略问题，可以归纳为以下三点：
1. when, while, if, as if, although / though, as, until, once, whether, unless, where等引导的从句中，如果其谓语为be，而主语与主句的主语相同时，则从句的主语和be可省略。
例如，第2空I remember being particularly embarrassed about this when ____2____（surround）by those who’d explored many countries.省略了从句中的主语I和was；
2. 有时从句的主语为it时，也可省略it或从句中的有关成分。
例如: If possible, this machine can be fixed at once.可能的话，这台机器会立即修好。省略了条件状语从句中的it 和 is；
3. than, as, no matter what /who等后面成分的省略。
例如：We do not use more materials than necessary.我们不用过多的材料。省略了比较状语从句中的it和is
第四部分写作(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假设你是李华，你的美国笔友 Lucy 给你写信，表示她对中国的国学 (sinology) 很感兴趣，希望你给她提一些学习建议。请你给她回信，要点如下：
1. 看一些电视节目，如：Chinese Poetry Competition, The Reader 等；
2. 读一些历史书籍；
3. 体验一下中国文化。
注意:1. 词数 80 左右(信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Lucy,
It is nice hearing from you and knowing that you are quite interested in sinology.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Lucy,.
It is nice hearing from you and knowing that you are quite interested in sinology. It will be my great pleasure if my following suggestions are constructive for you to study it.
Recently several hot TV programs have enjoyed great popularity among Chinese, such as Chinese Poetry Competition and The Reader, which will be of great benefit to foreign learners. Apart from watching these programs, I also strongly advise you to read some historical books so as to gain a better understanding of china since China has a long-standing history. Moreover, there is no better way to be acquainted with the local culture and customs than accepting my invitation to come to China in person.
I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是李华，你的美国笔友 Lucy 给你写信，表示她对中国的国学 (sinology) 很感兴趣，希望你给她提一些学习建议。请你给她回信。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：suggestion→advice
对……有益：be of benefit→be beneficial
除了：apart from→besides
为了：so as to→in order to
2.句式拓展
使用虚拟语气
原句：Apart from watching these programs, I also strongly advise you to read some historical books so as to gain a better understanding of china since China has a long-standing history.
拓展句：Apart from watching these programs, I also strongly advise that you should read some historical books so as to gain a better understanding of china since China has a long-standing history.
【点睛】【高分句型1】 It will be my great pleasure if my following suggestions are constructive for you to study it.（运用了if引导定语从句）
【高分句型2】Recently several hot TV programs have enjoyed great popularity among Chinese, such as Chinese Poetry Competition and The Reader, which will be of great benefit to foreign learners. （运用了which引导定语从句）
第二节(满分15分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一个完整的短文。
One day my grandfather gave me a gift — a piggy bank. It had an opening through which one could put money in, but the opening was not big enough to reach in and get the money out. The only way to get at the money was to break the piggy bank open. My grandfather explained that was the whole idea; the piggy bank would help save my money so that, at the end of the year,I might have enough for that bike I dreamt about. He asked if I would put some of the money he gave me into the piggy bank. I agreed immediately and promised that I wouldn't break it open until I could afford my dream bike.
Whenever he gave me a little bit of money, he would say, "This is for spending. But you can save some and put it in the piggy bank if you want to save it up." When he gave me larger amounts, it was clearly for saving in the piggy bank. For some time, this worked fine. I loved shaking the piggy bank and hearing the sound of the coins. As it became heavier, I grew more excited, dreaming about buying my new bike, and all the adventures I could have on it
Whenever I wanted to take some money from the piggy bank to buy delicious ice-creams or beautiful pens,I would imagine riding my bike on the street,and thinking of that, my thoughts about ice-creams or pens went away. So for almost six months, I only put money into the piggy bank without taking any out. I thought I wouldn't break my piggy bank for anything. But one day something unexpected happened. I saw a piece of news on the television that a serious earthquake had happened in a nearby province. As many houses were destroyed, a lot of children became homeless. Seeing their shabby clothes and crying faces, I was sleepless that night.
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右：
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
Paragraph 1:
I knew I should do something.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
My grandfather was surprised by my behavior.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I knew I should do something. I went to my piggy bank and was about to break it and withdraw money when my mind came back to the bike I wanted to buy, and I hesitated. Thinking of the look in the eyes of the children hoping for help in the earthquake, I grabbed the piggy bank and threw it to the ground. Suddenly, the coins rolled all over the floor. "Yes, those children need help and need the money more." I said to myself.
My grandfather was surprised by my behavior. When he realized what had happened, he fondly touched my head and said, "Good boy, you did the right thing. Grandpa is proud of you." He continued, "My dear grandson, you deserve that bicycle. As a bonus, let's buy that bike together now. Then, go for a spring outing by bike. “Thank you, Grandpa. ” I was overwhelmed with happiness.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了爷爷送我一个存钱罐，我努力的存钱，想要买自己心仪的自行车。当看到临近省份发生了地震的电视新闻后，我决定把钱捐给地震灾区的孩子们。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我知道我应该做点什么”可知，第一段可描写作者的最终决定，打破存钱罐，把钱捐给地震灾区的孩子们。
②由第二段首句内容“爷爷对我的行为感到惊讶”可知，第二段可描写爷爷了解了事情的经过后，所做出的决定。
2.续写线索：存钱——梦想买自行车——看到新闻——捐钱——获得自行车奖励——开心
3.词汇激活
行为类
回来：come back to /return to
意识到：realize/be aware of
情绪类
以……为傲：be proud of/ take pride in
幸福：happiness / blessedness
【点睛】[高分句型1] I went to my piggy bank and was about to break it and withdraw money when my mind came back to the bike I wanted to buy, and I hesitated. (运用了省略了that的定语从句)
[高分句型2] When he realized what had happened, he fondly touched my head and said, "Good boy, you did the right thing. Grandpa is proud of you." (运用了what引导的宾语从句)东北师范大学附属中学深圳学校
2023-2024学年上学期英语科试卷
高二年级期中考试
注意:将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分基础知识(共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分)
单项填空，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —Shall we go bike-riding or go swimming
—________. They are both good ideas.
A. Not really B. Either is OK C. It’s a deal D. That’s all right
2. Following the girl, we went into a hall, on ________ walls hung pictures of some famous scientists.
A. whose B. its C. which D. that
3. —What made Mary so upset today
—________.
A. Because she lost her new bicycle B. Since her new bicycle was lost
C. Losing her new bicycle D. With her new bicycle lost
4. There are so many kinds of computers on sale that I can’t make up my mind ________ to buy.
A. what B. which C. how D. where
5. The speech was so ________ that they were all ________.
A. inspiring; exciting B. inspiring; excited
C. inspired; excited D. inspired; exciting
6. Seeing John rush into the room with tears in his eyes, I asked him ________.
A. what would happen B. what happened C. what to happen D. what had happened
7. —I am sure that Andrew will win the first prize in the final.
—I think so. He ________ for it for months.
A. is preparing B. was preparing C. has been preparing D. had been preparing
8. My father on me the value of hard work, teaching me to be an honest worker.
A. left B. entertained C. whispered D. impressed
9. As a consequence of the pandemic (疫情), the GDP of that country ________ by 20% compared with last year.
A. contrasted B. declined C. defeated D. deserved
10. In most cases, the price is ________ if it is a massive purchase.
A. negotiable B. distinct C. remarkable D. worthwhile
11. The young teacher adopted a(n) ________ approach to language teaching.
A. innovative B. permanent C. distinct D. complicated
12. There is a possibility that the bridge might ________ during an earthquake.
A. make its way B. give way C. find its way D. be in the way
13. It takes some time for one to ________ the new environment before settling down.
A. bring out B. burst into C. adapt to D. descend upon
14. The recent discoveries from the ancient tomb ________ the hidden history of the family.
A. throws light on B. works closely with C. plays a trick on D. leave an impression on
15. By entering high school, you ________ your journey to a perfect self.
A give one hint to B. highlight the importance of C. set in motion D. go deeper into
16. In the past few decades, there ________ a dramatic increase in the number of people who study abroad.
A. is B. was C. has been D. had been
17. ________ with some food and drinks, the children set sail early in the morning.
A. Equip B. To equip C. Equipping D. Equipped
18. To be a popular student among class, we are _______ to sacrifice our personal interests whenever necessary.
A. obeyed B. supposed C. embarrassed D. devoted
19. In April, thousands of holidaymarkers remained ________ abroad ________ the volcanic ash cloud.
A. sticking; result from B. stuck; due to
C. to be stuck; as a result of D. to have stuck; result in
20. My car needs________but I forgot________it to the repair shop.
A. to repair; to take B. repairing; to take
C. to be repaired; taking D. repairing; taking
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
4 Most walkable cities in Europe
Seville, Spain
Seville in Spain takes the top spot as Europe’s most walkable city, offering the shortest walking route between the top four tourist attractions.Visitors can explore the impressive Plaza de Espana public square, before wandering over to the UNESCO-listed palace of Real Alcazar and Seville Cathedral. After that, it’s only a short trip on foot to visit the beautiful Barrio Santa Cruz neighbourhood.
Venice, Italy
Venice is well-known as a heaven for pedestrians (行人), so it’s no surprise it ranks as the second best location for walkable city breaks. There are endless alleyways to explore, as well as plenty of beautiful bridges over the crisscrossing canals that the city is famous for. Just under half an hour of walking here will take you on a tour of the impressive Grand Canal, Doge’s Palace, St Mark’s Square, Basilica and bell tower, all in only 1.3 miles.
Porto, Portugal
Nestled along Portugal’s picturesque coast, Porto comes in third with its top attractions all covered by a 30-minute walking route. Meander along the Dom Luís I Bridge over the Douro River, head to the Clérigos Church Bell Tower and enjoy a riverfront walking place along the Cais da Ribeira. The Stock Exchange Palace is also just a short walk away.
Florence, Italy
Florence, Italy, secures its place as the fourth most walkable city in Europe thanks to its stunning attractions that can be seamlessly explored on foot. A 1.6 mile route covers the awe-inspiring Piazzale Michelangelo; the famous Uffizi Gallery; the Piazza del Duomo where you will be amazed at the magnificent Florence Cathedral; and the Galleria dell’Accademia, home to Michelangelo’s masterpiece, the statue of David.
21. How long is probably the walking route in Seville
A. 1.1 miles. B. 1.3 meters. C. 1.6 meters. D. 1.8 meters.
22. Which city is probably located near the sea
A. Seville. B. Venice. C. Porto. D. Florence.
23. What is the writing purpose of the text
A. To compare the four cities.
B. To show the benefits of walking.
C. To stress the importance of traveling.
D. To attract visitors to walk in these cities.
B
In a classroom in rural Kenya’s Rift Valley, a student takes notes alongside her fellow classmates. She wears the same school uniform-a grey skirt and a green sweater. However, she is more than 80 years older than them. Priscilla Sitienei, who turned 99-years-old on February 11, said she went back to class to set a good example for her great-grandchildren and to start a new career. “I’d like to become a doctor because I used to be a midwife (助产士)” she said, adding that her children were supportive-of her decision.
Back in 2003, the government of the East African country began an education campaign to help to pay for the cost of primary schooling, allowing some older members of society who had missed out on education in their younger days to continue their dreams. This has given Sitienei more than an education. She’s also become a film star. She traveled to Paris last year for the first showing of a film about her journey titled “Gogo”, which means “grandmother” in her native Kalenjin language. She’ll also be heading to New York City soon for the launch of the film there.
Sitienei, who is in her sixth year of primary school, said her aims were far more practical than becoming a movie star. She had the idea when her great-granddaughter dropped out of school after getting pregnant, “I jokingly asked her if she had any money remaining on her school fee and she said yes, so I told her that I’d use it to attend school.” She said she had hoped that her great granddaughter would continue with her studies. But when she refused, Sitienei decided to go to school herself.
Sitienci also enjoys other school activities, including physical education classes. “It keeps me fit. I get to jump around, even though not as much as they can do, but I at least move my body. That’s my joy,” she said.
Her teachers use Sitienei’s wide experience to keep the peace during lessons. “I appoint Sitienei to help control the class. And it works. When I go outside, the class remains silent, “said Leonida Talaam, her class teacher.
24. How does Priscilla Sitienei differ from her classmates
A. The learning approach. B. The dressing style.
C. Study efficienoy. D. Physical age.
25. Why are Paris and New York City mentioned in paragraph 2
A. To show the daily routines of a film star.
B. To state Sitienei is really fond of traveling.
C. To indicate effects of the education campaign on Sitienei.
D. To explain the hard work it takes to make dreams come true.
26. Which word best describes Sitienei
A. Active. B. Passive. C. Independent. D. Intelligent.
27. What can be inferred about Sitienei from the last paragraph
A. She hates noise in class very much. B. She is a good helper to her class teacher.
C. She always enjoys staying in silence alone. D. She often replaces her teacher to give lessons.
C
The earth is warming. The past years are the warmest on record. Greenhouse gases from human activities are responsible for 1.1°C of average warming since 1900. What we’re experiencing is different from the global average. We experience extreme weather — historic droughts, serious heatwaves, violent storms and catastrophic (灾难性的) floods.
We won’t feel the impact of our efforts for decades. But we must know our future today so we can act now. To develop the best strategies for adaptation, we need climate models to predict the climate in different regions over decades. Unlike predicting the weather, climate models are multi-decade simulations (模拟) modeling the physics chemistry and biology of the atmosphere, waters, ice, land and human activities.
Greater resolution is needed to model changes in the global climate. Scientists estimate that these resolutions will demand billions of times more computing power than what’s currently available. It would take decades to achieve that through the ordinary course of computing advances.
For the first time, we have the technology to do that. We can achieve million-x speedups by combining three technologies: GPU-accelerated computing; breakthroughs in physics-informed neural (神经的) networks and AI supercomputers, along with vast quantities of data to learn from.
With these techniques, we may have within our grasp the billion-x leap needed to do ultra-high-resolution (超高分辨率) climate modeling. And with more accurate predictions people and nations will act with more urgency.
NVIDIA this week announced plans to build the world’s most powerful AI supercomputer used to predict climate change Named Earth-2, the system would create a digital twin of the Earth. The system would be the climate change to Cambridge-1 the world’s most powerful AI supercomputer for healthcare research.
28. What is one of the results mentioned in the text of global warming
A. Water shortage. B. Loss of coastal cities.
C. Rise of sea level. D. More extreme weather.
29. Why is it difficult to model global climate
A. It will cost billions of money. B. The climate changes frequently.
C. Technology now can’t meet the needs. D. The model of the earth is too difficult to build.
30. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A. What advance AI has made recently.
B. What makes it hard to model the global climate.
C. What makes modelling the global climate possible.
D. What scientists’ plan to model the global climate is.
31. What is the text
A. A travel guide. B. A news report.
C. A short story. D. A science fiction.
D
Is it true that our brain alone is responsible for human cognition (认知) What about our body Is it possible for thought and behaviour to originate from somewhere other than our brain Psychologists who study Embodied Cognition (EC) ask similar questions. The EC theory suggests our body is also responsible for thinking or problem-solving. More precisely, the mind shapes the body and the body shapes the mind in equal measure.
If you think about it for a moment, it makes total sense. When you smell something good or hear amusing sounds, certain emotions are awakened. Think about how newborns use their senses to understand the world around them. They don’t have emotions so much as needs — they don’t feel sad, they’re just hungry and need food. Even unborn babies can feel their mothers’ heartbeats and this has a calming effect. In the real world, they cry when they’re cold and then get hugged. That way, they start to associate being warm with being loved.
Understandably, theorists have been arguing for years and still disagree on whether the brain is the nerve centre that operates the rest of the body. Older Western philosophers and mainstream language researchers believe this is fact, while EC theorises that the brain and body are working together as an organic supercomputer, processing everything and forming your reactions.
Further studies have backed up the mind-body interaction. In one experiment, test subjects were asked to judge people after being handed a hot or a cold drink. They all made warm evaluations when their fingertips perceived warmth rather than coolness. And it works the other way too. In another study, subjects’ fingertip temperatures were measured after being “included” in or “rejected” from a group task. Those who were included felt physically warmer.
For further proof, we can look at the metaphors (比喻) that we use without even thinking. A kind and sympathetic person is frequently referred to as one with a soft heart and someone who is very strong and calm in difficult situations is often described as solid as a rock. And this kind of metaphorical use is common across languages.
Now that you have the knowledge of mind-body interaction, why not use it If you’re having a bad day, a warm cup of tea will give you a flash of pleasure. If you know you’re physically cold, warm up before making any interpersonal decisions.
32. According to the author, what is the significance of EC
A. It brings us closer to the truth in human cognition.
B. It offers a clearer picture of the shape of human brain.
C. It reveals the major role of the mind in human cognition.
D. It facilitates our understanding of the origin of psychology.
33. Where does the newborns’ understanding of their surroundings start from
A. Their personal looks. B. Their mental needs.
C. Their inner emotions. D. Their physical feelings.
34. What does the author intend to prove by citing the metaphors in Paragraph 5
A. Human speech is alive with metaphors.
B. Human senses have effects on thinking.
C. Human language is shaped by visual images.
D. Human emotions are often compared to natural materials.
35. What is the author’s purpose in writing the last paragraph
A. To deepen the readers’ understanding of EC.
B. To encourage the reader to put EC into practice.
C. To guide the reader onto the path to career success.
D. To share with the reader ways to release their emotions.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Having good conversations— with strangers or your friends— is an art. ____36____ Headlee, a podcast host, did a TED Talk about how to make a good conversation. Here’s her advice.
Be present.
People think it means not looking at your email or texting during the conversation. It also means giving people your entire attention, ignoring anything unconnected. There is another thing. ____37____ Let’s think of listening like a river. We dam it up all the time when we stop listening to think about what we’re going to say next. Once that happens, you need to let such thoughts go out of your mind and return to the conversation.
Talk small to get to weightier topics.
Anything is OK. ____38____ “It is pleasurable to answer questions about yourself. So small talk is a way to let people do that,” Headlee explains. Remember Yes-or-No questions don’t lead the conversation far. For example, rather than asking, “Are you sitting down ” You might try, “What kind of chair would you like to sit in ”
____39____
If you’re getting too many details, it can be easy to lose focus on the big picture. Nobody cares about the exact date or somebody’s name or the movie you watched.
Handle an awkward silence.
You have two options. One is to let it breathe. People say all sorts of things to fill a gap in the conversation— that can lead you down a new conversation. You can also address the awkward silence. “Admit it with a joke,” Headlee says. ____40____
A. Stay out of the weeds.
B. Mind your manners in a talk.
C. Go with the flow of the conversation.
D. You can’t pretend like it’s not happening.
E. Generally speaking, open-ended questions are preferred.
F. It requires attention, something that’s in high demand these days.
G. Ask people to talk about themselves and you’re already off to a good start.
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I become a mother, it changed the way I looked at my own mom. That made our____41____deeper and made me want to know more about how she was as a ____42____in those days when I was young. I also like to ask her how she dealt with those milestone motherhood moment and ____43____it to my situations.
I was 37 when I had my twins, living in New York. When my mother was 37, I was 12 and my sister was 9. We also lived in New York. Despite the similar ___44___our lives were so different when we were both that age. She was well into motherhood; I was just ___45___, from her.
My mom was 25 when she became a mom. And when I was 25, it was an important year for me as well. I was going through a sense of ___46___when I was 25. I felt unsettled, thinking I wasn’t doing the right things. I felt unaccomplished___47___ had just finished post-graduate (研究生) studies at college. I didn’t know whether I should take the___48___route and become a teacher or the potentially (潜在地) unstable route of ___49___writing career. It was around that time that I _____50_____doing some very deep thinking. The result was that I_____51_____moving back to New York from the Hudson Valley. It was move that______52______changed my life.
When my mother was 25, she was ____53____to new motherhood. I’m sure there were times when she felt uneasy. She was experiencing a huge life change, so was I. It’s kind of poetic when you think about it.
I think I will do this every year —______54______|my own past, asking my mother questions, reflecting and filling in the blanks. It makes me feel_____55_____to her, teaches me things, and gives me even more memories.
41.
A connection B. conflict C. manner D. misunderstanding
42.
A. student B. friend C. parent D. teenager
43.
A. conducted B. compared C. moved D. mentioned
44.
A. methods B. location C. problems D. appearance
45.
A. imagining B. thinking C. benefiting D. learning
46.
A. impossibility B. uneasiness C. happiness D. responsibility
47.
A. if B. although C. once D. as
48.
A. dark B. quick C. safe D. long
49.
A. pursuing B. finding C. recording D. analyzing
50.
A. started B. continued C. appreciated D. refused
51.
A. took up B. put up C. set up D. ended up
52.
A suddenly B. eventually C. generally D. unfortunately
53.
A. relating B. pointing C. replying D. adjusting
54.
A. remembering B. ignoring C. describing D. managing
55.
A. warmer B. taller C. closer D. kinder
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空自处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Where have you travelled This is the question that always ____56____（come）up after each holiday. I remember being particularly embarrassed about this when ____57____（surround）by those who’d explored many countries. That’s not to say I’m not interested in those places, but my preferred mode of travelling has always been focusing more on ____58____ makes me happy. I’m content to explore closer to home and to trade passport stamps for ____59____ joy of finding a spot I should know about and yet have never seen before. A favorite moment in my day can be ____60____（walk）down a new street and realizing that, while I have lived here ____61____ 12 years, there are still little corners ____62____ lie undiscovered. There are a million ____63____（story）waiting to be discovered on your own road, so why do we regard them as ____64____（important）than those that can only be heard after an eight-hour flight
Travelling experiences ____65____（rich）life. It’s very nice to go travelling, but it’s so much nicer to come home.
第四部分写作(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假设你是李华，你的美国笔友 Lucy 给你写信，表示她对中国的国学 (sinology) 很感兴趣，希望你给她提一些学习建议。请你给她回信，要点如下：
1. 看一些电视节目，如：Chinese Poetry Competition, The Reader 等；
2 读一些历史书籍；
3. 体验一下中国文化
注意:1. 词数 80 左右(信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Lucy,
It is nice hearing from you and knowing that you are quite interested in sinology.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分15分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一个完整的短文。
One day my grandfather gave me a gift — a piggy bank. It had an opening through which one could put money in, but the opening was not big enough to reach in and get the money out. The only way to get at the money was to break the piggy bank open. My grandfather explained that was the whole idea; the piggy bank would help save my money so that, at the end of the year,I might have enough for that bike I dreamt about. He asked if I would put some of the money he gave me into the piggy bank. I agreed immediately and promised that I wouldn't break it open until I could afford my dream bike.
Whenever he gave me a little bit of money, he would say, "This is for spending. But you can save some and put it in the piggy bank if you want to save it up." When he gave me larger amounts, it was clearly for saving in the piggy bank. For some time, this worked fine. I loved shaking the piggy bank and hearing the sound of the coins. As it became heavier, I grew more excited, dreaming about buying my new bike, and all the adventures I could have on it
Whenever I wanted to take some money from the piggy bank to buy delicious ice-creams or beautiful pens,I would imagine riding my bike on the street,and thinking of that, my thoughts about ice-creams or pens went away. So for almost six months, I only put money into the piggy bank without taking any out. I thought I wouldn't break my piggy bank for anything. But one day something unexpected happened. I saw a piece of news on the television that a serious earthquake had happened in a nearby province. As many houses were destroyed, a lot of children became homeless. Seeing their shabby clothes and crying faces, I was sleepless that night.
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右：
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
Paragraph 1:
I knew I should do something.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
My grandfather was surprised by my behavior.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
