2023-2024学年度第一学期期中考试
高一英语试卷
考试时间：120分钟 分值：150分
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man want to be
A. A cook. B. A teacher. C. A gardener.
2. What will the woman do this weekend
A. Visit Amy. B. Watch a movie. C. Be busy with her work.
3. How much should the man pay
A. $1.25. B. $2.25. C. $2.50.
4. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In the street. B. In a school. C. In a bank.
5. What are the speakers talking about
A. A treatment for flu. B. A kind of drink. C. A kind of medicine.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面第6段对话，回答以下第6至7小题。
6. Where will Johnny go next
A. To the school. B. To the cinema. C. To his house.
7. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Schoolmates. B. Brother and sister. C. Boyfriend and girlfriend.
听下面第7段对话，回答以下第8至9小题。
8. When will Jude give a presentation
A. In a short time. B. Tomorrow morning. C. As soon as possible.
9. What will the woman do next
A. Play a game. B. Practise her lecture. C. Help the man practise.
听下面第8段对话，回答以下第10至12小题。
10. How did the family probably feel about the questions
A. Annoyed. B. Satisfied. C. Embarrassed.
11. Why did the man ask the questions
A. He was curious. B. He was nervous. C. He was impolite.
12. What does the woman advise the man to do
A. Send them an email and apologize.
B. Don’t be nervous any more.
C. Look for answers online.
听下面第9段对话，回答以下第13至16小题。
13. When did the man buy his electronic dictionary
A. Last Sunday. B. Last Saturday. C. Last Wednesday.
14. Why did the woman fail to buy an electronic dictionary
A. She didn’t like the type.
B. She didn’t take enough money.
C. She thought it rather expensive.
15. What does the man think of the department store
A. Things are expensive there.
B. Fewer products are for sale.
C. The electronic dictionaries there are out of date.
16. Where will the woman probably buy her electronic dictionary
A. At a department store. B. At an electronic mall. C. At an online shop.
听下面一段独白，回答以下第17至20小题。
17. What makes some poor countries even poorer
A. Poor schooling.
B. Learning crisis.
C. No help from developed countries.
18. How can the UN deal with the global “learning crisis (危机)
A. By forcing girls to go to school.
B. By improving the primary teachers.
C. By training the girls from poor countries.
19. What percent of girls can read and write in Yemen
A. 75%. B. 36%. C. 25%.
20. What makes the UN relieve the global “learning crisis”
A. More girls drop out of school.
B. School teachers are well trained.
C. More children go to school in some countries.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Just Cycle And Fold Away
There’s no excuse not to get on your bike this spring. Get your indoor cycling fix and feel the benefits.
Great for general cardio (有氧的) fitness, exercise bikes can be a brilliant way of training at home. However, choosing the right bike is incredibly important, which is something that Roger Black and his team recognized when creating the Roger Black Folding Bike.
“Excellent value for money. Especially the ability to fold the exercise bike into a vertical (直立的) position and wheel it away for storage. This can also prevent you from throwing your clothes on it at the end of the day! Even if we are limited on space at home and work, we can continue physical activity with a Roger Black folding bike. This bike is helping me achieve my fitness goals following a recent running injury.”
——Brian Smith
“Best Present EVER are the words from my 77-year-old father who received his Roger Black fitness bike for his birthday. He said it is so simple and easy to use. The seat is VERY comfortable, so using it every day is a pleasure. It folds away nearly so it can be stored behind a door when necessary.”
——Anna Farnham
Roger Black is offering a 10% discount on the full www. range of home fitness equipment for all Reader’s Digest readers. Please use discount code DIGEST10 at checkout.
1. What can people do with a Roger Black Folding Bike
A. Cycle in the mountains. B. Work out at home.
C. Hang their clothes. D. Get a discount.
2. What is the advantage of this bike that both Brian and Anna mention
A. Easy storage. B. Reasonable price.
C. Comfortable seats. D. Excellent quality.
3. Where is this text probably taken from
A. A textbook. B. A scientific report.
C. A magazine. D. An academic article.
B
Bryan Caplan an economics professor at George Mason University (GMU), said the progress ChatGPT made — it improved is score from a D to an A on his economics test in just three months — has shocked him.
Writing in a blog post, Caplan said he gave ChatGPT questions which test students’ understanding of economics rather than complete what are essentially memory exercises. It’s here where the old version of ChatGPT tipped up. The bot scored 31 out of a possible 100 on his test, similar to a D and well below his 50% median (中位数).
Caplan told Insider that the bot failed to understand basic concepts. “ChatGPT does a fine job of imitating a very weak GMU econ student,” Caplan wrote in his January blog post.
He isn’t the only academic that ChatGPT has disappointed. While it passed a Wharton Business School exam in January, its professor said it made “surprising mistakes” on simple calculations (计算).
But when ChatGPT-4 was released, its progress shocked Caplan. It scored 73% on the same midterm test, similar to an A and among the best scores in his class.
For Caplan, the improvements were obvious. The bot gave clear answers to his questions, understanding and explaining principles it previously struggled with. Caplan thought ChatGPT’s training data might have picked up his previous blog post where he explained his answers, but colleagues told him this was highly unlikely. He added that he’s already fed the bot new tests it hadn’t seen before, where it did even better than its previous 73% grade.
AI bots have caused headaches for examiners. Professors told Insider that plagiarism (抄袭) can be hard to prove with material from ChatGPT because there is no material evidence of wrongdoing.
Caplan said he’s thinking of doing away with graded homework with the rise of ChatGPT. He hopes his habit of regularly changing questions will be enough to stop students from learning and copying ChatGPT’s responses in exam settings.
4. Which of the following abilities do Caplan’s questions test
A. Memorizing facts. B. Writing essays.
C. Understanding concepts. D. Solving maths problems.
5. How was ChatGPT’s performance on Caplan’s economics test after the release of ChatGPT-4
A. It was satisfying. B. It was perfect.
C. It was disappointing. D. It was below average.
6. What can we learn about ChatGPT from Paragraph 6
A. Is training data is limited. B. It writes blog posts for Caplan.
C. It struggles to understand basic concepts. D. It can probably improve its performance.
7. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. The impact of AI bots on education.
B The benefits of changing questions regularly.
C. Potential application of ChatGPT in education.
D. A possible solution to a problem caused by ChatGPT.
C
Kangaroos can communicate with humans, according to a new study. The report is the first research of this kind to be done on marsupials — a type of mammal whose young get carried in pouches (育儿袋) on their mother’s body. It suggests kangaroos are cleverer than previously thought.
Researchers from the University of Roehampton in the UK and the University of Sydney in Australia tested kangaroos at three locations — the Australian Reptile Park, Wildlife Sydney Zoo and Kangaroo Protection Co-operative. The scientists put food in a box that the kangaroos could not open, and waited to see what the animals would do.
Rather than giving up, 10 out of the 11 kangaroos actively looked at the person who had put the food in the box and then looked at the box. The researchers said this could be interpreted as the kangaroos requesting help to open the container.
Dr Alexandra Green, a co-author of the study, told The Guardian newspaper that some of the kangaroos actually approached the person and started scratching and sniffing them, then looked back at the box. “So they were really trying to communicate,” Green said.
This behaviour is not uncommon in animals. However, it is usually only seen in domesticated animals. Domesticated means animals that have been bred (饲养) to live alongside people, such as pets or farm animals. The lead author of the study, Dr Alan McElligott, explained, “Through this study, we were able to see that communication between animals can be learnt and that the behaviour of looking at humans to access food is not related to domestication.”
“Indeed, kangaroos showed a very similar pattern of behaviour we have seen in dogs, horses and even goats, when put to the same test,” he added.
It is hoped that the study will give people a more positive attitude towards kangaroos, which are sometimes seen as pests that damage farmers’ crops.
8. Why did the kangaroos look at the person and then the box
A They were curious. B. They were asking for help.
C. They were confused by the box. D. They were playing with the person.
9. What does Dr Alan McElligott say about kangaroos’ behavior
A It is only seen in wild animals.
B. It has nothing to do with domestication.
C It sets kangaroos apart from other animals.
D. It can only be learned by domesticated animals.
10. What purpose is the study expected to serve
A. Protecting farmers’ crops from kangaroos.
B. Calling on people to protect kangaroos.
C. Changing the way people see kangaroos.
D. Encouraging people to domesticate kangaroos.
11. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. How kangaroos access food B. Why Kangaroos are our friends
C. Kangaroos can “talk” to us D. Kangaroos are cleverer than we thought
D
As people across the globe struggled with higher levels of stress, depression and anxiety this past year, many turned to their favorite comfort foods: ice cream, pizza, hamburgers. But studies in recent years suggest that the high-sugar and high-fat foods when we are stressed or depressed, as comforting as they may seem, are the least likely to benefit our mental health. Instead, whole foods such as vegetables, fruit, fish, eggs, nuts may be a better bet.
Historically, nutrition research has focused largely on how the foods we eat affect our physical health, rather than our mental health, though. Over the years, large population studies have found that people assigned to follow a Mediterranean diet for three months had greater reductions in symptoms of depression after three months compared to a control group.
Public health experts around the world have started encouraging people to adopt lifestyle behaviors like exercise, sound sleep, a heart-healthy diet and avoiding smoking that may reduce inflammation (发炎) and have benefits for the brain. Individual clinicians are already including nutrition into their work with patients. Dr. Drew Ramsey, a clinical professor at the Columbia University, begins his meetings with new patients by exploring their diet. He asks what they eat, learns their favorite foods, and finds out if foods that he considers important for the connection are missing from their diets, such as plants, seafood.
Dr. Ramsey said he does not wat people to think that the only factor involved in brain heath is food. “Lots of people get their food exactly right, live very active lives, and still have significant troubles with their mental health,” he said. But he also teaches people that food can be empowering. “We can’t control our genes,” he said. “But we can control how we eat, and that gives people actionable things that they can do to take care of their brain health on a daily basis.”
12. What do previous nutrition studies mainly focus on
A. How our diets affect our mental health. B. How our diets affect our physical health.
C. How our mental health affects our diets. D. How our physical health affects our diets.
13. Why are individual clinicians including nutrition into their work with patients
A. They try to cater to their patients’ needs.
B. They are questioning public health experts.
C. They want to prove the effectiveness of healthy diets.
D. They have accepted the findings of large population studies.
14. Which of the following might Dr. Ramsey agree with
A. Some connection exists between our diets and mental health.
B. People can control their genes as well as how they eat.
C. People living active lives will not have mental problems.
D. Eating a healthy diet is going to cure depression.
15. What is the main idea of the text
A. People with anxiety usually turn to food for comfort.
B. The daily diet is the factor connected with brain health.
C. Controlling the way we eat is likely to benefit our mental health.
D. Having a high-sugar diet can reduce symptoms of depression.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Reading is a fundamental skill that is essential for success in many areas of life, including academics, work, and personal life. By helping kids form good reading habits, you’re setting them up for success in the future. Kids can start developing good reading habits at home even before they learn to read. Here are some simple tips to help raise a reader.
Make reading a daily habit. ____16____ Make reading a routine by sharing a book with your child before bedtime. Babies respond to the comforting rhythm of a voice reading aloud.
Read in front of your child. Whether you love books, magazines, or graphic novels, let your child see you reading. ____17____ If you’re excited about reading, your child is likely to catch your enthusiasm.
Create a reading space. Your reading space doesn’t have to be big or have a lot of bookshelves. ____18____ Picking a comfortable spot that has enough light and room to keep a book or two can help your child connect reading with coziness and comfort.
Take trips to the library. As your child gets older, the library is a great resource for exploring new books and authors for fee. Many libraries also have story hours or other literacy programs for kids. Trips to the library give your child a chance to develop good reading habits. ____19____
Let your child pick what to read. That trip to the library can be extra special when you give your child time to look around and explore. ____20____ To help narrow down the choice, give your child a section of books to choose from.
A. Kids learn from what they observe.
B. The library provides access to a wealth of books.
C. You can start raising a reader from the day your child is born.
D. They also give them a chance to see other kids doing the same.
E. Kids are more likely to want to read something they pick out themselves.
F. Remember to decorate the reading space with lots of your favourite books.
G. It can be a corner of the sofa or a chair in the room where your child sleeps.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处最佳选项。
I always described myself as a perfectionist. To me, it meant that I had high ___21___, cared about everything I did and I always did my best.
___22___, then I started to notice that I was a quitter, not a trier. I ___23___ anything I wasn’t immediately good at. Each time I made a ___24___, no matter how small, I dropped that task or interest. I was so afraid of ___25___; I wasn’t even trying anymore.
Actually there was so much I ___26___ to try, but I never had a go at them. What if I failed The idea was so ___27___ that it was easier to leave it as an unknown.
Then one day I spotted an art supply store when I went outside a shopping center. Before I could ___28___ myself, I bought a tiny set of paints, some paper and brushes.
I headed home full of ___29___, and started painting. And the results were really bad. ___30___, I pushed everything into a drawer (抽屉) and decided to forget the idea. But later I got the paints back and started again. I was still poor at painting, but my ___31___ this time wasn’t reduced. I decided to share my progress on social media!
Now, three years later, I paint almost every day and have ___32___ my own art business. I regularly fail and make a mess, but I ___33___ give up. Even better, I’m constantly trying new subjects. I’ve had experiences that a few years ago I couldn’t have ___34___. I just keep going.
Now I’m no longer ___35___ perfection; I’m simply enjoying the process.
21. A. rates B. qualities C. standards D. degrees
22. A. Therefore B. However C. Moreover D. Otherwise
23. A. brought out B. ended up C. got over D. gave up
24. A. difference B. comment C. mistake D. decision
25. A. failure B. danger C. harm D. shame
26. A. pressed B. struggled C. managed D. desired
27. A. unaffordable B. unbearable C. unbelievable D. unsuitable
28. A. trick B. target C. prevent D. question
29. A. expectations B. achievements C. beliefs D. memories
30. A. Frightened B. Stressed C. Concerned D. Low-spirited
31. A. reflection B. motivation C. responsibility D. ability
32. A. brought up B. signed up C. set up D. picked up
33. A. never B. also C. even D. ever
34. A. ignored B. prepared C. considered D. imagined
35. A. acquiring B. seeking C. concentrating D. completing
第二节（共10题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In AD79, the ancient Roman city of Pompeii, in southern Italy, ___36___ (destroy) by a volcanic eruption that buried many of its buildings. Archaeologists (考古学家) ___37___ (observe) it for almost 300 years but now they have a new tool for ___38___ (understand) how Pompeii might once have looked—virtual reality (VR).
Researchers Danilo Campanaro and Giacomo Landeschi, from Lund University in Sweden, used data that were collected by drones (无人机) to create a 3D computer reconstruction of one of its most amazing buildings. They then fed the reconstruction into a video game system ___39___ a VR model is made. The idea is not just to recreate the buildings ___40___ to understand a bit more about how Roman people might have experienced them. Campanaro and Landeschi asked ___41___ (volunteer) to take a virtual tour of the house in both summer and winter light. The researchers used special eye-tracking technology to record ___42___ (exact) which areas people looked at and for how long. From this, the team concluded that the building used clever design ___43___ (draw) attention to the very objects ___44___ showed off the wealth and status of its owner—perhaps a man called Lucius Valenius Flaccus, ____45____ ring was found in the ruins.
第四部分 基础知识（共两小节，满分25分）
第一节 用所给词的适当形式填空（共15分，每小题1.5分）
46. The former Prime Minister Li Keqiang was an outstanding statesman and economist, who won ___________ (recognize) at home and abroad. (所给词的适当形式填空)
47. Shortage of food and water became the ___________ (extreme) serious issue in the Gaza area. (所给词的适当形式填空)
48. ___________ (judge) from his overseas experiences, he must have been in contact with the foreign intelligence agency. (所给词的适当形式填空)
49. In an age of information explosion, the chance of preventing news spreading becomes ___________ (slim) than before. (所给词的适当形式填空)
50. Israel refused to make an apology for the continuous bomb strikes and made people in Gaza have no access to ___________ (nutrition) food. (所给词的适当形式填空)
51. ___________ (fortunate), the majority of people in Titanic were drowned on account of lack of enough lifeboats. (所给词的适当形式填空)
52. When employees feel ___________ (misunderstand), they may have a low efficiency in the workplace. (所给词的适当形式填空)
53. The mass ___________ (medium) covered the breaking news of the unexpectedly sudden death of the former Premier. (所给词的适当形式填空)
54. During the gold rush in 1840s, people flooded into California and ___________ (seek) a fortune. (所给词的适当形式填空)
55. ___________ (addition), the fundamental competition between China and US lies in the technology field. (所给词的适当形式填空)
第二节 根据要求翻译句子（共10分，每小题2分）
56. 如果你的朋友不在乎你的感受，让你难过，那就该重新思考一下你们的关系了。(if从句) (汉译英)
57. 无论是去上学、做作业，还是周末出去玩儿，我们俩几乎形影不离。(whether... or...) (汉译英)
58. 在一个以瘦为美的社会中，不时有青少年采取极端方式快速瘦身。(定语从句) (汉译英)
59. 从长期来看，我们决不应该打一场无望取胜的仗。(on no account倒装) (汉译英)
60. 那个不辜负父母期望的男孩最终成了一个科学家。(end up…) (汉译英)
第五部分 书面表达（满分15分）
61. 假设你是高中学生李华，你发觉自己在生活、学习中有一些不良习惯，很是苦恼。你用英语写信，向你的心理辅导老师（Jack）求助，希望得到帮助。要点如下：
1. 陈述写信原因；
2. 简要描述一些不良习惯；
3. 苦恼不知如何改变这些习惯；
4. 期待回复并表示感谢。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头、结束语已为你写好。
Dear Jack,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours Sincerely,
Li Hua2023-2024学年度第一学期期中考试
高一英语试卷
考试时间：120分钟 分值：150分
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man want to be
A. A cook. B. A teacher. C. A gardener.
2. What will the woman do this weekend
A. Visit Amy. B. Watch a movie. C. Be busy with her work.
3. How much should the man pay
A. $1.25. B. $2.25. C. $2.50.
4. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In the street. B. In a school. C. In a bank.
5. What are the speakers talking about
A. A treatment for flu. B. A kind of drink. C. A kind of medicine.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面第6段对话，回答以下第6至7小题。
6. Where will Johnny go next
A. To the school. B. To the cinema. C. To his house.
7. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Schoolmates. B. Brother and sister. C. Boyfriend and girlfriend.
听下面第7段对话，回答以下第8至9小题。
8. When will Jude give a presentation
A. In a short time. B. Tomorrow morning. C. As soon as possible.
9 What will the woman do next
A. Play a game. B. Practise her lecture. C. Help the man practise.
听下面第8段对话，回答以下第10至12小题。
10. How did the family probably feel about the questions
A. Annoyed. B. Satisfied. C. Embarrassed.
11. Why did the man ask the questions
A. He was curious. B. He was nervous. C. He was impolite.
12. What does the woman advise the man to do
A. Send them an email and apologize.
B. Don’t be nervous any more.
C. Look for answers online.
听下面第9段对话，回答以下第13至16小题。
13. When did the man buy his electronic dictionary
A. Last Sunday. B. Last Saturday. C. Last Wednesday.
14. Why did the woman fail to buy an electronic dictionary
A. She didn’t like the type.
B. She didn’t take enough money.
C. She thought it rather expensive.
15. What does the man think of the department store
A. Things are expensive there.
B. Fewer products are for sale.
C. The electronic dictionaries there are out of date.
16. Where will the woman probably buy her electronic dictionary
A. At a department store. B. At an electronic mall. C. At an online shop.
听下面一段独白，回答以下第17至20小题。
17. What makes some poor countries even poorer
A. Poor schooling.
B. Learning crisis.
C. No help from developed countries.
18. How can the UN deal with the global “learning crisis (危机)
A. By forcing girls to go to school.
B. By improving the primary teachers.
C. By training the girls from poor countries.
19. What percent of girls can read and write in Yemen
A. 75%. B. 36%. C. 25%.
20. What makes the UN relieve the global “learning crisis”
A. More girls drop out of school.
B. School teachers are well trained.
C. More children go to school in some countries.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Just Cycle And Fold Away
There’s no excuse not to get on your bike this spring. Get your indoor cycling fix and feel the benefits.
Great for general cardio (有氧的) fitness, exercise bikes can be a brilliant way of training at home. However, choosing the right bike is incredibly important, which is something that Roger Black and his team recognized when creating the Roger Black Folding Bike.
“Excellent value for money. Especially the ability to fold the exercise bike into a vertical (直立的) position and wheel it away for storage. This can also prevent you from throwing your clothes on it at the end of the day! Even if we are limited on space at home and work, we can continue physical activity with a Roger Black folding bike. This bike is helping me achieve my fitness goals following a recent running injury.”
——Brian Smith
“Best Present EVER are the words from my 77-year-old father who received his Roger Black fitness bike for his birthday. He said it is so simple and easy to use. The seat is VERY comfortable, so using it every day is a pleasure. It folds away nearly so it can be stored behind a door when necessary.”
——Anna Farnham
Roger Black is offering a 10% discount on the full www. range of home fitness equipment for all Reader’s Digest readers. Please use discount code DIGEST10 at checkout.
1. What can people do with a Roger Black Folding Bike
A. Cycle in the mountains. B. Work out at home.
C. Hang their clothes. D. Get a discount.
2. What is the advantage of this bike that both Brian and Anna mention
A. Easy storage. B. Reasonable price.
C. Comfortable seats. D. Excellent quality.
3. Where is this text probably taken from
A. A textbook. B. A scientific report.
C. A magazine. D. An academic article.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇应用文。介绍了一款家用折叠健身车，以及人们对它的评价。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Great for general cardio (有氧的) fitness, exercise bikes can be a brilliant way of training at home. (健身车非常适合普通的有氧运动，因此它是在家锻炼的绝佳方式。)”可知，这款Roger Black折叠自行车可以让人们在家锻炼，故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段Brian Smith所说“Especially the ability to fold the exercise bike into a vertical (直立的) position and wheel it away for storage. (尤其是能够将健身自行车折叠成直立的，并可以将它推走，以便存放。)”和第四段Anna Farnham 所说“It folds away nearly so it can be stored behind a door when necessary. (它几乎可以折叠起来，有必要的话，还可以存放在门后。)”可知，Bria和Anna提到的这款自行车的好处就在于它便于存放，故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Roger Black is offering a 10% discount on the full www. range of home fitness equipment for all Reader’s Digest readers. (Roger Black为《读者文摘》的所有读者提供了一系列家庭健身器材的10%的折扣。)”可知，此处提到为《读者文摘》的读者提供了折扣，故可推知，这篇文章来自一篇杂志，故选C。
B
Bryan Caplan, an economics professor at George Mason University (GMU), said the progress ChatGPT made — it improved is score from a D to an A on his economics test in just three months — has shocked him.
Writing in a blog post, Caplan said he gave ChatGPT questions which test students’ understanding of economics rather than complete what are essentially memory exercises. It’s here where the old version of ChatGPT tipped up. The bot scored 31 out of a possible 100 on his test, similar to a D and well below his 50% median (中位数).
Caplan told Insider that the bot failed to understand basic concepts. “ChatGPT does a fine job of imitating a very weak GMU econ student,” Caplan wrote in his January blog post.
He isn’t the only academic that ChatGPT has disappointed. While it passed a Wharton Business School exam in January, its professor said it made “surprising mistakes” on simple calculations (计算).
But when ChatGPT-4 was released, its progress shocked Caplan. It scored 73% on the same midterm test, similar to an A and among the best scores in his class.
For Caplan, the improvements were obvious. The bot gave clear answers to his questions, understanding and explaining principles it previously struggled with. Caplan thought ChatGPT’s training data might have picked up his previous blog post where he explained his answers, but colleagues told him this was highly unlikely. He added that he’s already fed the bot new tests it hadn’t seen before, where it did even better than its previous 73% grade.
AI bots have caused headaches for examiners. Professors told Insider that plagiarism (抄袭) can be hard to prove with material from ChatGPT because there is no material evidence of wrongdoing.
Caplan said he’s thinking of doing away with graded homework with the rise of ChatGPT. He hopes his habit of regularly changing questions will be enough to stop students from learning and copying ChatGPT’s responses in exam settings.
4. Which of the following abilities do Caplan’s questions test
A. Memorizing facts. B. Writing essays.
C. Understanding concepts. D. Solving maths problems.
5. How was ChatGPT’s performance on Caplan’s economics test after the release of ChatGPT-4
A. It was satisfying. B. It was perfect.
C. It was disappointing. D. It was below average.
6. What can we learn about ChatGPT from Paragraph 6
A. Is training data is limited. B. It writes blog posts for Caplan.
C. It struggles to understand basic concepts. D. It can probably improve its performance.
7. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. The impact of AI bots on education.
B. The benefits of changing questions regularly.
C. Potential application of ChatGPT in education.
D. A possible solution to a problem caused by ChatGPT.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。介绍了Caplan对ChatGPT的测试，以及通过不断的测试对的ChatGPT改观和在ChatGPT教育中起到的作用。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Caplan told Insider that the bot failed to understand basic concepts.(Caplan告诉Insider，机器人无法理解基本概念。)”可知，Caplan的问题测试是为了测试其对基本概念的理解。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“But when ChatGPT-4 was released, its progress shocked Caplan. It scored 73% on the same midterm test, similar to an A and among the best scores in his class.(但是当ChatGPT-4发布时，它的进展震惊了Caplan。在同一次其中测试中，它的得分为73%，类似于A，是班上最好的分数之一。)”可知，在ChatGPT-4发布后，ChatGPT在Caplan经济学测试的表现是令人满意的，故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第六段“He added that he’s already fed the bot new tests it hadn’t seen before, where it did even better than its previous 73% grade.(他补充说，他已经为机器人提供了前所未有的新测试，它的成绩比以前的73%还要好。)”可知，ChatGPT可能会提高它自己的性能，故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Caplan said he’s thinking of doing away with graded homework with the rise of ChatGPT. He hopes his habit of regularly changing questions will be enough to stop students from learning and copying ChatGPT’s responses in exam settings.( Caplan说，随着ChatGPT的兴起，他正在考虑取消分级作业。他希望自己经常改变问题的习惯足以阻止学生在考试中学习和复制ChatGPT的回答。)”可知，学生在考试中抄袭ChatGPT的答案，Caplan希望通过自己不断更换问题来阻止学生，因此这段主要讲的是ChatGPT引起的问题的困难解决方案，故选D。
C
Kangaroos can communicate with humans, according to a new study. The report is the first research of this kind to be done on marsupials — a type of mammal whose young get carried in pouches (育儿袋) on their mother’s body. It suggests kangaroos are cleverer than previously thought.
Researchers from the University of Roehampton in the UK and the University of Sydney in Australia tested kangaroos at three locations — the Australian Reptile Park Wildlife Sydney Zoo and Kangaroo Protection Co-operative. The scientists put food in a box that the kangaroos could not open, and waited to see what the animals would do.
Rather than giving up, 10 out of the 11 kangaroos actively looked at the person who had put the food in the box and then looked at the box. The researchers said this could be interpreted as the kangaroos requesting help to open the container.
Dr Alexandra Green, a co-author of the study, told The Guardian newspaper that some of the kangaroos actually approached the person and started scratching and sniffing them, then looked back at the box. “So they were really trying to communicate,” Green said.
This behaviour is not uncommon in animals. However, it is usually only seen in domesticated animals. Domesticated means animals that have been bred (饲养) to live alongside people, such as pets or farm animals. The lead author of the study, Dr Alan McElligott, explained, “Through this study, we were able to see that communication between animals can be learnt and that the behaviour of looking at humans to access food is not related to domestication.”
“Indeed, kangaroos showed a very similar pattern of behaviour we have seen in dogs, horses and even goats, when put to the same test,” he added.
It is hoped that the study will give people a more positive attitude towards kangaroos, which are sometimes seen as pests that damage farmers’ crops.
8. Why did the kangaroos look at the person and then the box
A. They were curious. B. They were asking for help.
C. They were confused by the box. D. They were playing with the person.
9. What does Dr Alan McElligott say about kangaroos’ behavior
A. It is only seen in wild animals.
B. It has nothing to do with domestication.
C. It sets kangaroos apart from other animals.
D. It can only be learned by domesticated animals.
10. What purpose is the study expected to serve
A. Protecting farmers’ crops from kangaroos.
B. Calling on people to protect kangaroos.
C. Changing the way people see kangaroos.
D. Encouraging people to domesticate kangaroos.
11. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. How kangaroos access food B. Why Kangaroos are our friends
C. Kangaroos can “talk” to us D. Kangaroos are cleverer than we thought
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。根据一项新的研究表明，袋鼠可以与人类交流。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Rather than giving up, 10 out of the 11 kangaroos actively looked at the person who had put the food in the box and then looked at the box. The researchers said this could be interpreted as the kangaroos requesting help to open the container.(这些袋鼠并没有放弃，11个袋鼠中的10个都积极地看着将食物放在盒子里的那个人，然后又看着盒子。研究者说，这可以理解为袋鼠在寻求帮助，想要打开这个盒子。)”可知，袋鼠看了这个人，然后又看了盒子的原因是，它们在寻求帮助，故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“The lead author of the study, Dr Alan McElligott, explained, “Through this study, we were able to see that communication between animals can be learnt and that the behaviour of looking at humans to access food is not related to domestication.”(该研究的主要作者Alan McElligott解释道：‘通过这项研究，我们可以看到动物之间的交流是可以学习的，而且看着人类获取食物的行为与驯化无关。’)”可知，Alan McElligott认为袋鼠的行为与驯化无关，故选B。
10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“It is hoped that the study will give people a more positive attitude towards kangaroos, which are sometimes seen as pests that damage farmers’ crops.(希望这项研究能够让人们对袋鼠有更积极的态度，因为袋鼠有时被视为破坏农作物的害虫。)”可推知，这项研究的在于改变人们对袋鼠惯有的态度，希望不再将袋鼠看作是破坏农作物的害虫，故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Kangaroos can communicate with humans, according to a new study.(根据一项新的研究表明，袋鼠可以与人类交流。)”可知，本篇文章主要讲述了新的研究表明袋鼠可以与人类交流，并介绍了研究的过程，故C项“袋鼠可以与我们‘说话’”符合文章标题，故选C。
D
As people across the globe struggled with higher levels of stress, depression and anxiety this past year, many turned to their favorite comfort foods: ice cream, pizza, hamburgers. But studies in recent years suggest that the high-sugar and high-fat foods when we are stressed or depressed, as comforting as they may seem, are the least likely to benefit our mental health. Instead, whole foods such as vegetables, fruit, fish, eggs, nuts may be a better bet.
Historically, nutrition research has focused largely on how the foods we eat affect our physical health, rather than our mental health, though. Over the years, large population studies have found that people assigned to follow a Mediterranean diet for three months had greater reductions in symptoms of depression after three months compared to a control group.
Public health experts around the world have started encouraging people to adopt lifestyle behaviors like exercise, sound sleep, a heart-healthy diet and avoiding smoking that may reduce inflammation (发炎) and have benefits for the brain. Individual clinicians are already including nutrition into their work with patients. Dr. Drew Ramsey, a clinical professor at the Columbia University, begins his meetings with new patients by exploring their diet. He asks what they eat, learns their favorite foods, and finds out if foods that he considers important for the connection are missing from their diets, such as plants, seafood.
Dr. Ramsey said he does not wat people to think that the only factor involved in brain heath is food. “Lots of people get their food exactly right, live very active lives, and still have significant troubles with their mental health,” he said. But he also teaches people that food can be empowering. “We can’t control our genes,” he said. “But we can control how we eat, and that gives people actionable things that they can do to take care of their brain health on a daily basis.”
12. What do previous nutrition studies mainly focus on
A. How our diets affect our mental health. B. How our diets affect our physical health.
C. How our mental health affects our diets. D. How our physical health affects our diets.
13. Why are individual clinicians including nutrition into their work with patients
A. They try to cater to their patients’ needs.
B. They are questioning public health experts.
C. They want to prove the effectiveness of healthy diets.
D. They have accepted the findings of large population studies.
14. Which of the following might Dr. Ramsey agree with
A. Some connection exists between our diets and mental health.
B. People can control their genes as well as how they eat.
C. People living active lives will not have mental problems.
D. Eating a healthy diet is going to cure depression.
15. What is the main idea of the text
A. People with anxiety usually turn to food for comfort.
B. The daily diet is the factor connected with brain health.
C. Controlling the way we eat is likely to benefit our mental health.
D. Having a high-sugar diet can reduce symptoms of depression.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们所吃的食物会影响心理健康，控制饮食方式可能有益于人们的心理健康。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Historically, nutrition research has focused largely on how the foods we eat affect our physical health, rather than our mental health, though. (然而，从历史上看，营养研究主要关注我们所吃的食物如何影响我们的身体健康，而不是我们的心理健康)”可知，以前的营养研究主要关注我们的饮食如何影响我们的身体健康。故选B项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Over the years, large population studies have found that people assigned to follow a Mediterranean diet for three months had greater reductions in symptoms of depression after three months compared to a control group. (多年来，大量的人口研究发现，与对照组相比，被指定遵循地中海饮食法三个月的人在三个月后抑郁症状的减轻程度更大)”可知，大量人口研究结果显示，遵循地中海饮食法的人会减轻病症，所以个别临床医生要求将营养纳入他们对患者的工作是因为他们接受了大量人口研究的结果。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“But we can control how we eat, and that gives people actionable things that they can do to take care of their brain health on a daily basis. (但我们可以控制我们的饮食方式，这让人们可以采取行动，每天都可以照顾自己的大脑健康)”可知，拉姆齐博士认为控制饮食方式可以让人们采取行动照顾自己的大脑健康，所以他同意饮食和心理健康之间存在某种联系。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“But studies in recent years suggest that the high-sugar and high-fat foods when we are stressed or depressed, as comforting as they may seem, are the least likely to benefit our mental health. (但是最近几年的研究表明，当我们感到压力或抑郁时，高糖和高脂肪的食物虽然看起来很舒服，但对我们的心理健康最不可能有好处)”以及最后一段“But we can control how we eat, and that gives people actionable things that they can do to take care of their brain health on a daily basis. (但我们可以控制我们的饮食方式，这让人们可以采取行动，每天都可以照顾自己的大脑健康)”可知，文章主要介绍了人们所吃的食物会影响心理健康，控制饮食方式可能有益于人们的心理健康。故选C项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Reading is a fundamental skill that is essential for success in many areas of life, including academics, work, and personal life. By helping kids form good reading habits, you’re setting them up for success in the future. Kids can start developing good reading habits at home even before they learn to read. Here are some simple tips to help raise a reader.
Make reading a daily habit. ____16____ Make reading a routine by sharing a book with your child before bedtime. Babies respond to the comforting rhythm of a voice reading aloud.
Read in front of your child. Whether you love books, magazines, or graphic novels, let your child see you reading. ____17____ If you’re excited about reading, your child is likely to catch your enthusiasm.
Create a reading space. Your reading space doesn’t have to be big or have a lot of bookshelves. ____18____ Picking a comfortable spot that has enough light and room to keep a book or two can help your child connect reading with coziness and comfort.
Take trips to the library. As your child gets older, the library is a great resource for exploring new books and authors for fee. Many libraries also have story hours or other literacy programs for kids. Trips to the library give your child a chance to develop good reading habits. ____19____
Let your child pick what to read. That trip to the library can be extra special when you give your child time to look around and explore. ____20____ To help narrow down the choice, give your child a section of books to choose from.
A. Kids learn from what they observe.
B. The library provides access to a wealth of books.
C. You can start raising a reader from the day your child is born.
D. They also give them a chance to see other kids doing the same.
E. Kids are more likely to want to read something they pick out themselves.
F. Remember to decorate the reading space with lots of your favourite books.
G. It can be a corner of the sofa or a chair in the room where your child sleeps.
【答案】16. C 17. A 18. G 19. D 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何培养孩子从小喜欢阅读。
16题详解】
根据本段小标题“Make reading a daily habit.(让阅读成为日常习惯。)”可知，本段主要提出家长要让孩子的阅读成为每天的习惯这一建议，且根据空后“Make reading a routine by sharing a book with your child before bedtime. Babies respond to the comforting rhythm of a voice reading aloud.(形成睡前和孩子分享一本书的阅读规律。小孩对大声读书的舒适音律是有回应的。)”可知，空后提出了培养孩子从小阅读的习惯，故C项“你可以从孩子出生就开始培养他成为一个阅读者。”符合，故选C项。
【17题详解】
根据本段小标题“Read in front of your child.(在孩子面前阅读。)”可知，本段提出家长要在孩子面前读书这一建议。且根据空后“If you’re excited about reading, your child is likely to catch your enthusiasm. (如果你对阅读感兴趣，你的孩子也可能会感知到这份热情。)”可知，此处说明了孩子具有一定的模仿能力，故A项“孩子从他们观察的事物中学习”与后文相呼应，故选A项。
【18题详解】
根据本段小标题“Create a reading space.(为孩子创造一个阅读空间。)”可知，本段提出家长应该给孩子创造阅读空间的建议。且根据空前“Your reading space doesn’t have to be big or have a lot of bookshelves.(你的阅读空间并不需要很大或者很多书架。)”和空后“Picking a comfortable spot that has enough light and room to keep a book or two can help your child connect reading with coziness and comfort.(选择一个光线充足有一两本书的地方就能帮助孩子将阅读和舒适结合在一起。)”可知，G项“它可以是你孩子睡觉的房间里的一个沙发的一角或者一张椅子。”承上启下，“it”指代前文的your reading space，故选G项。
【19题详解】
根据本段小标题“Take trips to the library.(进行一场图书馆之旅。)”可知，本段主要提出家长应带孩子去读书馆阅读的建议，且根据空前“Trips to the library give your child a chance to develop good reading habits.(图书馆之旅可以给你孩子一个培养良好阅读习惯的机会。)”可知，D项“它们也给了孩子一个看看别的孩子在做相同事情的机会。”承接上文，D项中的“they”指代前文的trips to the library，且D项中的“also give them a chance”与前文的“give your child a chance”相呼应，故选D项。
【20题详解】
根据本段小标题“Let your child pick what to read.(让你的孩子选择阅读的东西。)”可知，本段主要提出家长应让孩子自主选择阅读的东西这一建议，且根据空后“To help narrow down the choice, give your child a section of books to choose from.(为了帮助孩子缩小选择的范围，给出一部分书让他们从中选择。)”可知，E项“小孩更愿意读自己选择的东西。”为后文引申出帮助孩子选择的方法做出铺垫，且E项符合本段的论点，故选E项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处最佳选项。
I always described myself as a perfectionist. To me, it meant that I had high ___21___, cared about everything I did and I always did my best.
___22___, then I started to notice that I was a quitter, not a trier. I ___23___ anything I wasn’t immediately good at. Each time I made a ___24___, no matter how small, I dropped that task or interest. I was so afraid of ___25___; I wasn’t even trying anymore.
Actually there was so much I ___26___ to try, but I never had a go at them. What if I failed The idea was so ___27___ that it was easier to leave it as an unknown.
Then one day I spotted an art supply store when I went outside a shopping center. Before I could ___28___ myself, I bought a tiny set of paints, some paper and brushes.
I headed home full of ___29___, and started painting. And the results were really bad. ___30___, I pushed everything into a drawer (抽屉) and decided to forget the idea. But later I got the paints back and started again. I was still poor at painting, but my ___31___ this time wasn’t reduced. I decided to share my progress on social media!
Now, three years later, I paint almost every day and have ___32___ my own art business. I regularly fail and make a mess, but I ___33___ give up. Even better, I’m constantly trying new subjects. I’ve had experiences that a few years ago I couldn’t have ___34___. I just keep going.
Now I’m no longer ___35___ perfection; I’m simply enjoying the process.
21. A. rates B. qualities C. standards D. degrees
22. A. Therefore B. However C. Moreover D. Otherwise
23. A. brought out B. ended up C. got over D. gave up
24. A. difference B. comment C. mistake D. decision
25. A. failure B. danger C. harm D. shame
26. A. pressed B. struggled C. managed D. desired
27. A. unaffordable B. unbearable C. unbelievable D. unsuitable
28. A. trick B. target C. prevent D. question
29. A. expectations B. achievements C. beliefs D. memories
30. A. Frightened B. Stressed C. Concerned D. Low-spirited
31. A. reflection B. motivation C. responsibility D. ability
32. A. brought up B. signed up C. set up D. picked up
33. A. never B. also C. even D. ever
34. A. ignored B. prepared C. considered D. imagined
35. A. acquiring B. seeking C. concentrating D. completing
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文属于记叙文，文章主要讲述了作者是一个曾经追求完美的人，后来不再追求完美，做出自我改变，开始学会享受做事的过程。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，这意味着我有很高的标准关心我所做的每一件事，我总是尽我最大的努力。A. rates速度，比率；B. qualities质量；C. standards标准；D. degrees程度。根据上文“I always described myself as a perfectionist.(我总是把自己描述成一个完美主义者)”可知，作者是一个完美主义者，因此，应是对做事情有很高的标准，故选C。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，然后我开始注意到我是一个放弃者，而不是一个尝试者。A. Therefore因此；B. However然而；C. Moreover此外；D. Otherwise否则。根据上文“ I always described myself as a perfectionist. ”作者是个完美主义者，与下文“然后我开始注意到我是一个放弃者，而不是一个尝试者”之间是转折关系，应用副词However，故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我放弃了任何我不擅长的东西。A. brought out出版，生产；B. ended up结束；C. got over克服；D. gave up放弃。根据上文“I was a quitter”可知，作者总是放弃自己不擅长的东西，故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每次我犯了一个错误，无论多么小，我都放弃了那个任务或兴趣。A. difference差异；B. comment评论，意见；C. mistake错误；D. decision决定。根据“I dropped that task or interest”可知，此处指每当犯了错误就放弃任务，make a mistake犯错。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我太害怕失败了，甚至都不再尝试了。A. failure失败；B. danger危险；C. harm伤害；D. shame羞耻。上文“ no matter how small, I dropped that task or interest. ”提到每当犯了错误就放弃任务，结合空后“I wasn’t even trying anymore”可知，作者是害怕失败，所以不敢尝试任何事情，下一段中“What if I failed (要是失败了怎么办？)”也是提示。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我想尝试的东西太多了，但我从来没有尝试过。A. pressed压，挤；B. struggled挣扎，奋斗；C. managed管理，设法完成；D. desired渴望。此处与下文“but I never had a go at them”是转折关系，所以指作者有很多想要尝试的事情，但是从来没有行动过，故选D。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个想法是如此难以忍受，所以还是把它当作一个未知的东西留在那里比较容易。A. unaffordable支付不起的；B. unbearable难以忍受的；C. unbelievable难以置信的；D. unsuitable不合适的。根据上文“What if I failed (要是失败了怎么办？)”及空后“it was easier to leave it as an unknown(所以还是把它当作一个未知的东西留在那里比较容易)”可知，作者难以忍受会失败的想法，所以不去尝试任何事情，把它们都留作未知，故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还没来得及阻止自己，就买了一小套颜料、一些纸和刷子。A. trick欺骗；B. target把……作为目标；C. prevent阻止；D. question提问。上文“ then I started to notice that I was a quitter, not a trier.”提到作者总是放弃一些事情，结合空后的“I bought a tiny set of paints, some paper and brushes”可知，此处指还没来得及阻止自己，就买了一些颜料等，故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我满怀期待地回到家，打开它们，开始画画。A. expectations期望；B. achievements成就；C. beliefs信念；D. memories记忆。根据“opened them up, and started painting”可知，作者买了画画的工具后应是满怀期待地回到家开始作画，故选A。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：无精打采的我把所有东西都塞进抽屉里，决定忘掉这个念头。A. Frightened害怕的；B. Stressed紧张的；C. Concerned担心的；D. Low-spirited无精打采的。根据“And the results were really bad.(结果真的很糟糕)”可知，结果不如人意，所以作者应是无精打采地把东西都收起来，故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我画画还是很差，但这次我的动力并没有减弱。A. reflection反映；B. motivation动力；C. responsibility责任；D. ability能力。根据转折词“but”及下文“I decided to share my progress on social media!(我决定在社交媒体上分享我的进步！)”可知，虽然还是不擅长画画，但作者的动力没有减弱，决心继续画，故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：三年后的今天，我几乎每天都在画画，并建立了自己的艺术事业。A. brought up养育；B. signed up报名；C. set up建立；D. picked up捡起。根据“I paint almost every day”可知，作者每天都画画，逐步建立起自己的艺术事业，故选C。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我经常失败，把事情弄得一团糟，但我从不放弃。A. never从未；B. also也；C. even甚至；D. ever曾经。根据转折词“but”及下文“Even better, I’m constantly trying new subjects.(更好的是，我一直在尝试新的主题)”可知，虽然经常失败，但是作者从没有放弃，强调和以前总是放弃的对比，故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我有了几年前我无法想象的经历。A. ignored忽视；B. prepared准备；C. considered考虑；D. imagined想象。根据上文“Even better, I’m constantly trying new subjects.(更好的是，我一直在尝试新的主题)”可知，作者现在不仅不会轻言放弃，还会尝试新事物，这是几年前无法想象的改变，故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在我不再追求完美；我只是在享受这个过程。A. acquiring获得；B. seeking寻找，寻求；C. concentrating集中注意力；D. completing完成。根据“I’m simply enjoying the process.”可知，作者现在指享受做事情的过程，不再追求完美，故选B。
第二节（共10题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In AD79, the ancient Roman city of Pompeii, in southern Italy, ___36___ (destroy) by a volcanic eruption that buried many of its buildings. Archaeologists (考古学家) ___37___ (observe) it for almost 300 years but now they have a new tool for ___38___ (understand) how Pompeii might once have looked—virtual reality (VR).
Researchers Danilo Campanaro and Giacomo Landeschi, from Lund University in Sweden, used data that were collected by drones (无人机) to create a 3D computer reconstruction of one of its most amazing buildings. They then fed the reconstruction into a video game system ___39___ a VR model is made. The idea is not just to recreate the buildings ___40___ to understand a bit more about how Roman people might have experienced them. Campanaro and Landeschi asked ___41___ (volunteer) to take a virtual tour of the house in both summer and winter light. The researchers used special eye-tracking technology to record ___42___ (exact) which areas people looked at and for how long. From this, the team concluded that the building used clever design ___43___ (draw) attention to the very objects ___44___ showed off the wealth and status of its owner—perhaps a man called Lucius Valenius Flaccus, ____45____ ring was found in the ruins.
【答案】36. was destroyed
37. have been observing
38. understanding
39. where 40. but
41. volunteers
42. exactly
43. to draw
44. that 45. whose
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了考古学家们用新的虚拟现实技术了解庞贝城的过去。
【36题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：公元79年，意大利南部的古罗马城市庞贝被火山爆发摧毁，许多建筑被掩埋。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语In AD79可知，此处应使用一般过去时，destroy与主语the ancient Roman city之间存在被动关系，所以应使用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数。故填was destroyed。
【37题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：考古学家们已经观察了近300年，但现在他们有了一个新工具来了解庞贝城的曾经——虚拟现实（VR）。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据句意和时间状语for almost 300 years 并结合but now可知，此处应使用现在完成进行时，表示observe从过去发生一直持续到现在，现在使用新的工具对庞贝城进行观察，且句子主语Archaeologists为名词复数。故填have been observing。
【38题详解】
考查动名词。句意：考古学家们已经观察了近300年，但现在他们有了一个新的工具来了解庞贝城的曾经——虚拟现实（VR）。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作宾语，空前为介词for，所以此处应使用动名词形式understanding。故填understanding。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：然后，他们将重建的数据输入一个制作虚拟现实模型的视频游戏系统。分析句子结构可知，此处为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，所以使用关系副词，先行词system为抽象地点名词。故填where。
【40题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：这个想法不仅仅是为了重建这些建筑，而且也是为了更多地了解罗马人是如何体验这些建筑的。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定搭配“not just…but …”意为“不仅仅……而且……”符合句意。故填but。
【41题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：Campanaro和Landeschi要求志愿者在夏天和冬天的光线下对房子进行虚拟游览。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，volunteer为可数名词单数，其前无限定词，所以此处应使用名词复数形式表示泛指。故填volunteers。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：研究人员使用特殊的眼动追踪技术来准确记录人们看了哪些区域以及看了多长时间。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词作状语修饰动词record，exact的副词为exactly意为“准确地”符合句意。故填exactly。
【43题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：由此，研究小组得出结论，这座建筑使用了巧妙的设计，吸引了人们对其炫耀主人财富和地位的物品的关注——也许是一个名叫卢修斯·瓦列纽斯·弗拉库斯的人，他的戒指是在废墟中发现的。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，根据use sth. to do sth.意为“使用某物去做某事”可知，此处应为不定式形式作目的状语，且表示主动意义。故填to draw。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：由此，研究小组得出结论，这座建筑使用了巧妙的设计，吸引了人们对其炫耀主人财富和地位的物品的关注——也许是一个名叫卢修斯·瓦列纽斯·弗拉库斯的人，他的戒指是在废墟中发现的。分析句子结构可知，此处为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以此处应使用关系代词，先行词objects指的是物，且其前有the very修饰，所以此处只能使用关系代词that。故填that。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：由此，研究小组得出结论，这座建筑使用了巧妙的设计，吸引了人们对其炫耀主人财富和地位的物品的关注——也许是一个名叫卢修斯·瓦列纽斯·弗拉库斯的人，他的戒指是在废墟中发现的。分析句子结构可知，此处为关系词引导的定语从句修饰先行词a man，结合句意可知，先行词与空后的名词ring之间存在所属关系，所以此处应使用关系代词whose。故填whose。
第四部分 基础知识（共两小节，满分25分）
第一节 用所给词的适当形式填空（共15分，每小题1.5分）
46. The former Prime Minister Li Keqiang was an outstanding statesman and economist, who won ___________ (recognize) at home and abroad. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】recognition
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：前总理李克强是一位杰出的政治家和经济学家，赢得了国内外的认可。作宾语，应用名词recognition，不可数。故填recognition。
47. Shortage of food and water became the ___________ (extreme) serious issue in the Gaza area. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】extremely
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：食物和水的短缺成为加沙地区极为严重的问题。 设空处修饰形容词serious，作状语，副词extremely“极其；非常”符合句意。故填extremely。
48. ___________ (judge) from his overseas experiences, he must have been in contact with the foreign intelligence agency. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Judging
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从他的海外经历判断，他一定和外国情报机构有联系。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“must have been”，故空处用非谓语动词，judging from...表示“根据……来判断”，隐含的意思是“我从他的海外经历判断”，故用现在分词作状语。故填Judging。
49. In an age of information explosion, the chance of preventing news spreading becomes ___________ (slim) than before. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】slimmer
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词的比较级。句意：在信息爆炸的时代，阻止新闻传播的机会比以前更渺茫了。设空处为形容词作表语，根据than，可知设空处应用形容词的比较级的形式。故填slimmer。
50. Israel refused to make an apology for the continuous bomb strikes and made people in Gaza have no access to ___________ (nutrition) food. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】nutritious
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：以色列拒绝为持续的炸弹袭击道歉，并使加沙人民无法获得营养食品。修饰名词用形容词作定语，nutritious意为“有营养的”符合题意。故填nutritious。
51. ___________ (fortunate), the majority of people in Titanic were drowned on account of lack of enough lifeboats. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Unfortunately
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：不幸的是，由于缺乏足够的救生艇，泰坦尼克号上的大多数人都淹死了。分析句子结构可知，空格处位于句子开头，修饰整个句子，所以需要填入副词形式。根据后句“泰坦尼克号上的大多数人都淹死了”可知，此处表示的是“不幸地”。表示“不幸地”用unfortunately；位于句首，首字母大写。故填Unfortunately。
52. When employees feel ___________ (misunderstand), they may have a low efficiency in the workplace. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】misunderstood
【解析】
【详解】考查动词的过去分词作表语。句意：当员工感到被误解时，他们的工作效率可能会很低。设空处为非谓语在when引导的时间状语从句中作表语，和其逻辑主语employees之间是逻辑的被动关系，应用动词过去分词的形式作表语。故填misunderstood。
53. The mass ___________ (medium) covered the breaking news of the unexpectedly sudden death of the former Premier. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】media
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：大众传媒报道了前总理突然去世的突发新闻。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作主语，空前有mass修饰，所以此处应使用名词复数形式，medium的复数为media意为“媒体”。故填media。
54. During the gold rush in 1840s, people flooded into California and ___________ (seek) a fortune. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】sought
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在19世纪40年代的淘金热期间，人们涌入加利福尼亚寻求财富。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据并列句子的谓语动词flooded以及时间状语“During the gold rush in 1840s”可知，此处应使用一般过去时，seek与句子主语people之间为主动关系。故填sought。
55. ___________ (addition), the fundamental competition between China and US lies in the technology field. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Additionally
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：此外，中美之间的根本竞争在于技术领域。分析句子结构可知，此处应为副词作状语，addition的副词形式为additionally意为“此外”，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Additionally。
第二节 根据要求翻译句子（共10分，每小题2分）
56. 如果你的朋友不在乎你的感受，让你难过，那就该重新思考一下你们的关系了。(if从句) (汉译英)
【答案】If your friend ignores your feelings or makes you suffer, then it’s time to rethink your relationship.
【解析】
【详解】考查条件状语从句，时态，固定句型和主谓一致。“如果你的朋友忽略你的感受或让你受折磨”用if引导条件状语从句，用一般现在时表将来，“你的朋友”是your friend，“忽略”是ignore，主语friend是单数，因此ignore用第三人称单数，“你的感受”是your feelings，“让你难过”是or make you suffer，make用第三人称单数；“是时候做某事了”是 it’s time to do sth.，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，“重新思考一下你们的关系”是rethink your relationship，结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为If your friend ignores your feelings or makes you suffer, then it’s time to rethink your relationship。
57. 无论是去上学、做作业，还是周末出去玩儿，我们俩几乎形影不离。(whether... or...) (汉译英)
【答案】Whether we’re walking to school, doing homework or just hanging out at the weekend, we’re hardly out of each other’s sight.
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句和固定短语。根据句意和提示，“无论是……还是……”使用whether…or…引导的让步状语从句，位于句首，whether的首字母需大写，“去上学”应为walk to school，“做作业”应为do homework，“出去玩”应为hang out，由句意可知，这些动作都是现阶段一直进行的动作，所以用现在进行时，使用whether…or…连接起来应为Whether we’re walking to school, doing homework or hanging out at the weekend；表示“我们俩几乎形影不离”可理解为“我们俩几乎不会脱离彼此的视线”，短语out of one’s sight表示“脱离某人的视线”，所以“形影不离”可表达为hardly out of one’s sight，主句应译为we’re hardly out of each other’s sight。故翻译为Whether we’re walking to school, doing homework or just hanging out at the weekend, we’re hardly out of each other’s sight.
58. 在一个以瘦为美的社会中，不时有青少年采取极端方式快速瘦身。(定语从句) (汉译英)
【答案】In a society where being thin is often seen as being beautiful, teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to slim down quickly.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词、短语和从句。表示“社会”应用名词society，表示“在一个往往以瘦为美的社会里”为where引导的定语从句，先行词为society，故为 where being thin is often seen as being beautiful；表示“青少年”为名词teenagers，在句中作主语；表示“借助于”短语为turn to，表示“极端的方式”为extreme methods在句中作宾语，表示“减肥”为动词短语 slim down，在句中应用动词不定式作目的状语。叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故翻译为In a society where being thin is often seen as being beautiful, teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to slim down quickly。
59. 从长期来看，我们决不应该打一场无望取胜的仗。(on no account倒装) (汉译英)
【答案】In the long run, we should never fight a war that/which we cannot win.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语，情态动词和定语从句。“从长期来看”是固定短语in the long run，“我们决不应该”是we should never，“打一场仗”是fight a war，should是情态动词，其后跟动词原形，因此fight用原形，“无望取胜的”用that/which引导定语从句，是that/which we cannot win，因此整句话翻译为“In the long run, we should never fight a war that/which we cannot win”。故答案为In the long run, we should never fight a war that/which we cannot win.
60. 那个不辜负父母期望的男孩最终成了一个科学家。(end up…) (汉译英)
【答案】The boy who lived up to his parents’ expectation ended up becoming a scientist.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语，时态和从句。根据句意，句子用一般过去时，主语the boy，“不辜负父母期望”作定语，可译为定语从句，修饰the boy，live up to“不辜负”，“父母的期待”译为his parents’ expectation，先行词在从句中作主语，指人，用关系代词who，结合提示，谓语动词end up“最终”，“成了一个科学家”译为become a scientist，用动名词作宾语，故译为The boy who lived up to his parents’ expectation ended up becoming a scientist.
第五部分 书面表达（满分15分）
61. 假设你是高中学生李华，你发觉自己在生活、学习中有一些不良习惯，很是苦恼。你用英语写信，向你的心理辅导老师（Jack）求助，希望得到帮助。要点如下：
1. 陈述写信原因；
2. 简要描述一些不良习惯；
3. 苦恼不知如何改变这些习惯；
4. 期待回复并表示感谢。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头、结束语已为你写好。
Dear Jack,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours Sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jack,
I’m Li Hua, a senior high school student. Knowing that you are a helpful psychologist, I’m writing to consult you about some problems I have come across, hoping to get help from you. What annoys me most is that whenever I felt hungry, I would eat snacks like chips or candies without normal meals. Besides, I’m easily satisfied with what I have done without clear goals. I always hesitate to work out, keeping myself indoors. All these have made me suffer a lot. I am wondering if you could offer some effective methods of getting out of these habits to me.
I hope you can give me some positive response and I will be grateful .
Yours Sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求写一封求助信，告诉心理辅导老师自己的一些不良习惯并寻求帮助。
【详解】1.词汇积累
遇到：come across→encounter
帮助：help→assistance
此外：besides → what’s more
摆脱：get out of→get rid of
2.句式拓展
并列句变复合句
原句： I hope you can give me some positive response and I will be grateful.
拓展句：I will be grateful if you can give me some positive response.
【点睛】【高分句型1】What annoys me most is that whenever I felt hungry, I would eat snacks like chips or candies without normal meals.（运用了what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句）
【高分句型2】I am wondering if you could offer some effective methods of getting out of these habits to me.（运用了if引导的宾语从句）
