2023年重庆一中高2026届高一上期半期考试
英语试题卷
英语试题卷共9页。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写在答题卡上。
2.作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。
3.考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What kind of food is the man making
A. Mexican. B. Thai. C. Chinese.
2. Where does the conversation take place
A. In a hospital. B. In a hotel. C. In a prison.
3. How much should the man pay
A. $2. B. $3.50. C. $5.50.
4. Why is the man carrying an extra suitcase
A. He has too much luggage.
B. He is helping someone else.
C. He got permission to carry it.
5. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Co-workers. B. Aunt and nephew. C. Doctor and patient.
第二节(共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段长对话，回答小题。
6. Where is the woman probably going this afternoon
A. To the library. B. To a swimming pool. C. To a professor’s class.
7. Which subject is the woman good at
A. Literature. B. History. C. Maths.
听下面一段长对话，回答小题。
8. Why is the woman angry with the man
A. He didn’t give her the menu.
B. He didn’t arrange a table for her.
C. He didn’t get in touch with the guests.
9. What might the woman be
A. She is a waitress.
B. She is a policewoman.
C. She is a businesswoman.
听下面一段长对话，回答小题。
10. What did Professor Johnson just do
A. He painted a picture. B. He delivered a lecture. C. He gave an interview.
11. When did man first begin to paint pictures according to Professor Johnson
A. 10, 000 years ago. B. 20, 000 years ago. C. It remained unclear.
12. Why did ancient people paint according to Professor Johnson
A. To hunt animals. B. To develop their hobbies. C. To attract others’ attention.
听下面一段长对话，回答小题。
13. What are the speakers doing
A. Preparing for a meeting.
B. Organizing a presentation.
C. Finding ways to save the environment.
14. What is the man going to do this evening
A. Write a letter. B. Attend a meeting C. Collect rubbish.
15. What is the woman’s attitude to the pollution
A. Worried. B. In different. C. Disappointed.
16. What does the woman suggest doing
A. Phoning Kate.
B. Printing out the poster.
C. Asking someone else for help.
听下面一段独白，回答小题。
17. What sports does the speaker like
A. Skiing and snowboarding.
B. Swimming and playing football.
C. Skiing and swim mug.
18. When did the speaker begin snowboarding
A. At the age of five. B. At the age of eight. C. At the age of seventeen.
19. What do many people think about snowboarding
A. Dangerous. B. Exciting. C. Safe.
20 What will happen if you fall while on skis
A. We may have a cold
B. We may have a stomachache.
C. We may break our bones.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分60分)
第一节(共19小题；每小题2.5分，满分47.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Paris is one of the most-visited destinations in the world. There are lots to explore and there’s delicious food on every comer. A relaxing trip to Paris takes a little bit of planning. Here are some tips for you to make your trip smooth.
Planning your trip
Have a valid passport for international travel. A passport costs $ 110 and takes 6-8 weeks to arrive after you apply.
Booking Flights
The cheapest period to fly is during the Spring time, especially if you can leave on the first three days of the week. You’ll save even more money by booking around 90 days in advance. In the summer months, tickets will be more expensive no matter when you book.
Enjoying Your Time
Visit the Eiffel Tower.
The Eiffel Tower is the most recognizable symbol of Paris. To avoid the crowds, go to the Eiffel Tower early in the morning. It costs ?25 to go to the top, or ?10 to climb to the first 2 levels on foot. See the Notre Dame Cathedral.
At present, the Notre Dame Cathedral is not accessible to tourists due to the fire that ruined parts of the cathedral. However, you can still visit the outside of the cathedral.\
Go to the Louvre to world-famous art.
The Louvre hosts the Mona Lisa along with 35, 000 other pieces of art. If you’re pressed for time, visit the highlights. The Louvre costs ?15 at the museum or ?17 in advance (to skip most of the line).
Take a day trip to Versailles.
If you have a day to spare, head to the palace of Versailles, around 14 miles southwest of the city. Take a tour to see King Louis XVI’s palace and gardens. It costs e 20 to visit the palace and grounds.
1. How can one save the most money if booking plane tickets ahead of time
A. If he leaves on a Monday in June.
B. If he leaves on a Wednesday in December.
C. If he leaves on a Tuesday in May.
D. If he leaves on a Thursday in March.
2. Which tourist attraction is not open to visitors at the moment
A. The Notre Dame Cathedral. B. The Eiffel Tower.
C. The Louvre. D. Versailles.
3. Where is the text probably taken from
A. A course plan. B. A research paper.
C. A travel brochure. D. An encyclopedia.
B
My son loves hockey (曲棍球). As his supportive fan, I watched him paying in all the matches across half of USA this year, and I’ve learned that losing maybe best for kids.
In his third season in 2022, my son’s team never lost more than three straight games. There was happiness, boasting, celebration, pizza. In short, it was a typically good youth hockey season. He improved as a player, but did not much change as a person.
However, what happened the next year added its story to the legends of sporting inability. Not only weak but prettily bad, this team lost 40 of their first 50 games, most of the defeats coming in the course of two losing streaks (倒霉的时刻). For a time, I worried that these streaks would kill my child’s love of the game.
But that’s not what happened. As bad as it got, the losing was clarifying. It kept out the kids who were in it less for the game than the glory, leaving just the die-hards behind. What started as a list of 17 of the team was cut down to 12. It was especially instructive for the kids. It taught him a great truth of the world: For everyone good, there is someone better.
What more, the kids were learning the game in a way that only losing can teach. Each player got to play everywhere, to learn and appreciate the role of every position on the ice. They kept an eye on the payers from the other team too, studying and applying the tricks of success. In an effort to break the streak, they went back to basics, accepted the intelligence of the hockey ancients: If playing like a team, they can defeat a collection of all-stars; If doing small and unimportant tasks well, they can get the goal.
This new team had personalities and could never be listed, no matter the score. They had learned the most important lesson: You can lose without being beaten. They squeaked into the state game, then made it all the way to the final, where the winner was decided in overtime (超时赛). When they lost that game and went into the handshake line, it was not as runners-up but as a team that had been made into winners in the only way that will stick — by losing.
4. What does the author think about his son’s team in the third season in 2022
A The team succeeded as a result of good luck.
B. The team had an extremely impressive performance.
C. The team didn’t live up to the author’s expectations.
D. The team behaved rather badly in three straight games.
5. What does the underlined word “clarify” refer to
A. The losing improved their teamwork.
B The losing made them better understand hockey.
C The losing helped them learn a great truth of the world.
D. The losing kept true players instead of those for the glory.
6. What can we infer from the last two Paragraphs
A. They became the winner finally.
B. They didn’t start their training as beginners.
C. They have personalities that can be counted.
D. They applied themselves to improving their skill.
7. According to the author, what have the son’s team learned
A. Falls seven times, stand up eight.
B. The hardest fight is to fight oneself.
C. God helps those who help themselves.
D. Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst.
C
Once I was chatting with some friends about the fact that we all have accents (口音), most of them replied proudly, “Well, I speak perfect English or Chinese.” But this kind of reply is nowhere near the point.
More often than not, what we mean when we say someone “has an accent” is that their accent is different from the local one, or that their pronunciations are different from our own. But this understanding of accents is limiting and could cause prejudice (偏见). Funnily enough, in the language study, every person speaks with an accent. It is the regular differences in how we produce sounds that decide our accents. Even if you don’t hear it yourself, you speak with some sort of accent. In this sense, it’s pointless to point out that someone “has an accent”. We all do!
Every person speaks a dialect (方言), too. In the field-of language study, a dialect is a version of a language that is characterized by its variations of structure, phrases and words. For instance, “You got eat or not ” (meaning “Have you eaten ”) is an acceptable and understood question in Singapore Oral English. The fact that this expression would cause a standard American English speaker to stop for a while doesn’t mean that Singapore Oral English is “wrong” or “ungrammatical”. The sentence is well-formed and clearly communicative, according to native Singapore English speakers’ system of grammar. Why should it be wrong just because it’s different
We need to move beyond a narrow understanding of accents and dialects-for the good of everyone. Language differences like these provide insights into people’s cultural experiences and backgrounds. In a global age, the way one speaks is a special part of who they are. Most people would be happy to talk about the cultures behind their speech. We’d learn more about the world we live in and make friends along the way.
8. What does the author think of his friends’ reply
A. It suggests their impoliteness. B. It shows their language levels.
C. It reflects their self-confidence. D. It misses the real meaning of accents.
9. Why does the author mention Singapore Oral English
A. To prove dialects are acceptable B. To correct a grammatical mistake.
C. To show different types of English. D. To encourage more changes to languages.
10. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. We should be pround of our cultures.
B. We should make friends more in the future
C. We should speak with our local dialect smote.
D. We should treasure the value of accents and dialects.
11. The author of the text is probably a .
A. cultural researcher B. public speaker
C. Chinese learner D. magazine editor
D
Dogs greet other dogs nose-first, sniffing (嗅) each other from head to toe. People are not quite so open about the process of sniffing each other out. But the perfume industry suggests smell is important in human relations, too. There is also evidence that human beings can lead to close relationship, deduce (推断) emotional states and even detect disease via the sense of smell.
Now, Inbal Ravreby of the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel has gone a step further. He think he has been able to prove, admittedly in a fairly small sample of individuals, that friends actually smell alike. He has also shown that with people picking friends at least partly on the basis of body odour (气味), rather than the body odours of people who become friends afterwards forming.
But why To cast light on whether friendship causes a similarity in smell, or a similarity in smell causes friendship, Dr Ravreby investigated whether e-nose (electronic nose) measurements could predict positive interactions between strangers (new friendships often start from being strangers). To achieve this goal they gathered 17 volunteers, gave them T-shirts to wear to collect their body odours, ran these odours past the e-nose and then asked the participants to play a game.
That game involved silently mirroring another individual’s hand movements. Participants were paired up at random (随机) and their reactions were recorded. After each interaction, they show how close they felt to their fellow gamer by overlapping (部分重叠) two circles (one representing themselves, the other their partner) on a screen. The more similar the two smells were which are brought about by e-nose, the greater the overlap.
But why body odour might play a role in helping to form friendships remains unclear. Dr Rav re by theorizes that there may be “an evolutionary advantage in having friends that are genetically similar to us”. Body odour is known to be linked to genetic makeup. Smelling others may thus allow hidden connections about genetic similarity to be drawn.
12. What does the underlined sentence mean in Paragraph 1
A. People will sniff their friends in private.
B. People will close their eyes when sniffing.
C. Sniffing their friends is not allowed when they meet.
D. Sniffing their friends is uncommon when they meet.
13. According to Dr Ravreby, which comes first, friendship or similarity of smell
A. Friendship. B. Similarity of smell.
C. It remains unclear. D. It depends.
14. What can we learn from the experiment
A. It involves participants who are friends already.
B. The e-nose can help predict a possible friendship.
C. The overlap part shows the two smell alike.
D. It aims to find out how close two people can be.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. Genetic similarity — the start of our friendship.
B. Dog’s sniff — the origin of our friendship.
C. Body odour — the connection of our friendship.
D. E-nose — the measurement of our friendship.
E
Scientists at the University of Massachusetts(UMass) announced recently that they have worked out how to design a biofilm (生物膜) that collects the energy in evaporation (蒸发) and changes it to electricity. This biofilm, which was announced in Nature, has the ability to change the world of wearable electronics, powering everything from personal medical sensors (感应器) to personal electronics.
“This is a very impressive technology,” says Li Xiumeng, a graduate student in electrical and computer energy, “and unlike other so-called ‘green-energy’ sources, its production is absolutely green.”
That is because this biofilm—which is a sheet of bacterial cells (细菌细胞) and as thin as a sheet of paper—is produced naturally by an improved version of the bacterium Geo. Geo is known to produce electricity and has been used before in “microbial batteries” to power electrical equipment. But such batteries require that Geo be properly cared for and fed a continuous diet. By contrast, this new biofilm, which can supply as much energy as a battery of the similar size, works continuously, because it is dead. And because it is dead, it doesn’t need to be fed.
The secret behind this new biofilm is that it makes energy from the moisture (水分) on your skin. While we daily read stories about solar power (太阳能), at least 50%of the solar energy reaching the earth goes toward evaporating water. “This is a huge, undiscovered source of energy,” says Ye Xun, professor of electrical and computer engineering at UMass, and the paper’s one senior author. Since the surface of our skin is always wet with sweat, the biofilm can make use of it and change the energy locked in evaporation into enough energy to power small equipment. “Our next step is to increase the size of our film to power more smarter wearable electronics,” says Ye, and Li points out that one of the goals is to power entire electronic systems, rather than single equipment.
16. Which can biofilm do according to Paragraph 1
A. Invent wearable electronics. B. Get power from evaporation.
C. Supply energy to microbial batteries. D. Produce more electricity than before.
17. The biofilm is better than “microbial batteries” because .
A. it is relatively thinner B. it is environmentally friendly
C. it applies a rare energy source D. it decreases the cost in usage
18. What do Ye and Li think of the future of the biofilm
A. Doubtful. B. Bright. C. Unclear. D. Harmful.
19 What is the purpose of the text
A. To introduce us to a new biofilm.
B. To describe the disadvantages of the biofilm.
C. To compare the new biofilm with others.
D. To change people’s view on the new biofilm.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Signs That You Are Growing
Growing is a lifelong process. Here are the signs that show that you are actually growing and not getting stuck in the process.
____20____
Often, we see how badly people look when they get overly upset due to unimportant things. So the first sign of maturity (成熟) is letting the small things go and not getting angry over a tiny detail that didn’t go as you planned.
You start forgiving and understanding other people
When we are young, we are often unforgiving. As we mature, we are better able to understand the world beyond black and white. ____21____. It enables us to look beyond the obvious and let go of simple judgments. We begin to understand better that others have complex (复杂的) lives and personalities, and so we become more willing to forgive their mistakes.
You always complete things that matter
Immature people don’t know when to commit (承诺) themselves and their energy or resources are always not well employed. ____22____. In this way, they can often keep their promises and honor their commitments.
You accept the possibility of being wrong
____23____. They are always able to accept the possibility that they are wrong, that they don’t know something, because there is always more to learn.
Being mature is knowing that you are always growing up. You are never done learning and developing. This means that you don’t set yourself up as the highest authority. ____24____.
A. You follow the crowd
B. You let the small things go
C. Instead, mature people focus on completing things that matter
D. Immature and mature people can both have plans for their lives
E. Rather, you open your mind to other ideas and new possibilities
F. Becoming more understanding is a sign of strength, not weakness
G. Mature people appear more confident, however, they are not overconfident
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I embarked on an overnight bus journey from Kolhapur to Aurangabad in India. The bus—an ordinary, non-air-conditioned one—was more than ____25____. All 55 seats were taken and there were some 20 people _____26_____ in the aisle(过道). The hot day____27____ the discomfort of the 10-hour journey. Because I was travelling on a student bus pass I had no choice but to stand.
After approximately two extended hours, I was wet with _____28_____ in the noise of the bus. I suddenly _____29_____ a hand tapping my hand, asking for _____30_____. Turning around, I found a middle-aged man with a smile looking up at me. He stood up and said I could take his _____31_____ for a little while. I was pleasantly _____32_____ and immediately accepted his offer, my entire body feeling a sense of relief. And the man just stood next to me, looking around. After about 20 minutes, I signaled him to _____33_____ his space. Another man, who was sitting by the window on the other side of the bus, had observed our ______34______.
Just then, something ______35______ happened. Our observer stood up and offered his seat to another standing man. All of a sudden, we had unexpectedly caused a chain reaction: almost all the standees got a(n) ______36______ to be seated. More surprisingly, people even started chatting with each other while exchanging their positions, and soon began sharing jokes. Needless to say, the rest of the journey was quite ______37______.
The bus reached its destination the next morning. I stood in the early morning light, waving goodbye to the groups, who went their separate routines. But this extraordinary experience has stayed with me after all the years. I am always ______38______ of an important life lesson—that we can all ______39______ what we have, including our burdens, and help our co-passengers in the journey of life.
25.
A. narrowed B. packed C. advanced D. delayed
26.
A. standing B. sitting C. lying D. moving
27.
A. applied for B. made up C. added to D. worked out
28.
A. rain B. water C. tears D. sweat
29.
A. gave B. held C. supplied D. sensed
30.
A. company B. help C. contact D. attention
31.
A. advice B. seat C. hand D. instruction
32.
A. frightened B. surprised C. awkward D. confident
33.
A. take back B. set up C. cut in D. give out
34.
A. adventure B. conversation C. deal D. exchange
35.
A. confusing B. powerful C. magical D. positive
36.
A. challenge B. goal C. arrangement D. chance
37.
A. enjoyable B. glorious C. shocking D. admirable
38.
A. warned B. reminded C. freed D. affected
39.
A. throw B. deliver C. share D. track
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A skywell, or “tian jing” (天井) in Mandarin, is a typical feature of a ____40____(tradition) home in southern and eastern China. Different from a northern Chinese courtyard, generally speaking, a skywell is____41____(small) and less exposed to the outdoor environment.
Sky wells are_____42_____ (common) seen in homes dating back to Ming and Qing dynasties, which were built to house_____43_____(generation) of relatives. Sky wells managed____44____(cool) buildings in an era well before air-conditioning existed. When wind blows above a skywell house, it can enter the indoor space through the opening. Since outdoor air is often cooler than indoor air, the incoming wind travels down the walls to the lower stories____45____creates airflows by replacing warmer indoor air,____46____rises and leaves through the opening.
Designed to serve as_____47_____gathering space for families or communities as well, skywell buildings___48___(exist) in China for hundreds of years. Although in recent times they have often been forgotten by people _____49_____(prefer) modern facilities, due to a revival of our Chinese architecture, skywell buildings have been making a comeback.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 单词拼写(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
根据首字母提示和括号内的中文意思填写所需单词的适当形式。(注意：请在答题卡上填写完整单词)
50. The wise old man shared his w__________(智慧，才智) with the younger generation, offering valuable insights.(根据中英文提示单词拼写)
51. C_________ (作弊，欺骗) in sports events is considered a serious offense and can result in disqualification. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
52. The stone s_________(击打，敲打) her on the forehead yesterday. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
53. Despite the chaos around her, she remained c_________(镇静的，沉着的) in the face of adversity. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
54. The earthquake last night d_________(毁坏，摧毁) the entire neighborhoods, leaving behind a trail of devastation. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
55. When c_________(比较，对比) with other methods, the new approach proved to be more efficient and cost-effective. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
56 The concert drew a large a_________(观众) who were eager to enjoy the performance of the famous musician. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
57. The fierce c _________ (竞争) among the two participants showcased their determination and skill. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
58. The team was d_________(下定决心的) to win the championship and trained tirelessly for months. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
59. The e_________(紧急情况，突发事件) exit is clearly marked and should be used in the event of a fire or other urgent situations. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
第二节 应用文写作(满分20分)
60. 假设你是李华，你校英文网站新增了《Health》栏目，请你写一篇短文投稿。
内容包括：
1.中学生健康现状；
2.健康的重要性；
3.呼吁关注健康。
注意：
(1)词数100字左右；
(2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2023年重庆一中高2026届高一上期半期考试
英语试题卷
英语试题卷共9页。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写在答题卡上。
2.作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。
3.考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What kind of food is the man making
A. Mexican. B. Thai. C. Chinese.
2. Where does the conversation take place
A. In a hospital. B. In a hotel. C. In a prison.
3. How much should the man pay
A. $2. B. $3.50. C. $5.50.
4. Why is the man carrying an extra suitcase
A. He has too much luggage.
B. He is helping someone else.
C. He got permission to carry it.
5. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Co-workers. B. Aunt and nephew. C. Doctor and patient.
第二节(共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段长对话，回答小题。
6. Where is the woman probably going this afternoon
A. To the library. B. To a swimming pool. C. To a professor’s class.
7. Which subject is the woman good at
A. Literature. B. History. C. Maths.
听下面一段长对话，回答小题。
8. Why is the woman angry with the man
A. He didn’t give her the menu.
B. He didn’t arrange a table for her.
C. He didn’t get in touch with the guests.
9. What might the woman be
A. She is a waitress.
B. She is a policewoman.
C. She is a businesswoman.
听下面一段长对话，回答小题。
10. What did Professor Johnson just do
A. He painted a picture. B. He delivered a lecture. C. He gave an interview.
11. When did man first begin to paint pictures according to Professor Johnson
A. 10, 000 years ago. B. 20, 000 years ago. C. It remained unclear.
12. Why did ancient people paint according to Professor Johnson
A. To hunt animals. B. To develop their hobbies. C. To attract others’ attention.
听下面一段长对话，回答小题。
13. What are the speakers doing
A. Preparing for a meeting.
B. Organizing a presentation.
C. Finding ways to save the environment.
14. What is the man going to do this evening
A. Write a letter. B. Attend a meeting C. Collect rubbish.
15. What is the woman’s attitude to the pollution
A. Worried. B. In different. C. Disappointed.
16. What does the woman suggest doing
A. Phoning Kate.
B. Printing out the poster.
C. Asking someone else for help.
听下面一段独白，回答小题。
17. What sports does the speaker like
A. Skiing and snowboarding.
B. Swimming and playing football.
C. Skiing and swim mug.
18. When did the speaker begin snowboarding
A. At the age of five. B. At the age of eight. C. At the age of seventeen.
19. What do many people think about snowboarding
A. Dangerous. B. Exciting. C. Safe.
20 What will happen if you fall while on skis
A. We may have a cold
B. We may have a stomachache.
C. We may break our bones.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分60分)
第一节(共19小题；每小题2.5分，满分47.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Paris is one of the most-visited destinations in the world. There are lots to explore and there’s delicious food on every comer. A relaxing trip to Paris takes a little bit of planning. Here are some tips for you to make your trip smooth.
Planning your trip
Have a valid passport for international travel. A passport costs $ 110 and takes 6-8 weeks to arrive after you apply.
Booking Flights
The cheapest period to fly is during the Spring time, especially if you can leave on the first three days of the week. You’ll save even more money by booking around 90 days in advance. In the summer months, tickets will be more expensive no matter when you book.
Enjoying Your Time
Visit the Eiffel Tower.
The Eiffel Tower is the most recognizable symbol of Paris. To avoid the crowds, go to the Eiffel Tower early in the morning. It costs ?25 to go to the top, or ?10 to climb to the first 2 levels on foot. See the Notre Dame Cathedral.
At present, the Notre Dame Cathedral is not accessible to tourists due to the fire that ruined parts of the cathedral. However, you can still visit the outside of the cathedral.\
Go to the Louvre to world-famous art.
The Louvre hosts the Mona Lisa along with 35, 000 other pieces of art. If you’re pressed for time, visit the highlights. The Louvre costs ?15 at the museum or ?17 in advance (to skip most of the line).
Take a day trip to Versailles.
If you have a day to spare, head to the palace of Versailles, around 14 miles southwest of the city. Take a tour to see King Louis XVI’s palace and gardens. It costs e 20 to visit the palace and grounds.
1. How can one save the most money if booking plane tickets ahead of time
A. If he leaves on a Monday in June.
B. If he leaves on a Wednesday in December.
C. If he leaves on a Tuesday in May.
D. If he leaves on a Thursday in March.
2. Which tourist attraction is not open to visitors at the moment
A. The Notre Dame Cathedral. B. The Eiffel Tower.
C. The Louvre. D. Versailles.
3. Where is the text probably taken from
A. A course plan. B. A research paper.
C. A travel brochure. D. An encyclopedia.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了到巴黎旅行时一些建议，包括做计划、订机票和安排行程等方面。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据Booking Flights部分的“The cheapest period to fly is during the Spring time, especially if you can leave on the first three days of the week. You’ll save even more money by booking around 90 days in advance.(乘飞机最便宜的时间是在春季，特别是如果你能在一周的前三天出发的话。如果提前90天左右预订，你会节省更多的钱。)”可知，如果提前预订机票，一个人在五月的某个星期二离开是最省钱的。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Enjoying Your Time部分的“At present, the Notre Dame Cathedral is not accessible to tourists due to the fire that ruined parts of the cathedral.(目前，由于大火烧毁了大教堂的一部分，巴黎圣母院无法向游客开放。)”可知，目前不对游客开放的景点是巴黎圣母院。故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后两句话“A relaxing trip to Paris takes a little bit of planning. Here are some tips for you to make your trip smooth.(一次轻松的巴黎之旅需要一点计划。这里有一些小贴士可以让你的旅行顺利。)”可知，文章介绍了到巴黎旅行时的相关建议，该内容会在旅游小册子上看到。故选C。
B
My son loves hockey (曲棍球). As his supportive fan, I watched him paying in all the matches across half of USA this year, and I’ve learned that losing maybe best for kids.
In his third season in 2022, my son’s team never lost more than three straight games. There was happiness, boasting, celebration, pizza. In short, it was a typically good youth hockey season. He improved as a player, but did not much change as a person.
However, what happened the next year added its story to the legends of sporting inability. Not only weak but prettily bad, this team lost 40 of their first 50 games, most of the defeats coming in the course of two losing streaks (倒霉的时刻). For a time, I worried that these streaks would kill my child’s love of the game.
But that’s not what happened. As bad as it got, the losing was clarifying. It kept out the kids who were in it less for the game than the glory, leaving just the die-hards behind. What started as a list of 17 of the team was cut down to 12. It was especially instructive for the kids. It taught him a great truth of the world: For everyone good, there is someone better.
What more, the kids were learning the game in a way that only losing can teach. Each player got to play everywhere, to learn and appreciate the role of every position on the ice. They kept an eye on the payers from the other team too, studying and applying the tricks of success. In an effort to break the streak, they went back to basics, accepted the intelligence of the hockey ancients: If playing like a team, they can defeat a collection of all-stars; If doing small and unimportant tasks well, they can get the goal.
This new team had personalities and could never be listed, no matter the score. They had learned the most important lesson: You can lose without being beaten. They squeaked into the state game, then made it all the way to the final, where the winner was decided in overtime (超时赛). When they lost that game and went into the handshake line, it was not as runners-up but as a team that had been made into winners in the only way that will stick — by losing.
4. What does the author think about his son’s team in the third season in 2022
A. The team succeeded as a result of good luck.
B. The team had an extremely impressive performance.
C. The team didn’t live up to the author’s expectations.
D. The team behaved rather badly in three straight games.
5. What does the underlined word “clarify” refer to
A. The losing improved their teamwork.
B. The losing made them better understand hockey.
C. The losing helped them learn a great truth of the world.
D. The losing kept true players instead of those for the glory.
6. What can we infer from the last two Paragraphs
A. They became the winner finally.
B. They didn’t start their training as beginners.
C. They have personalities that can be counted.
D. They applied themselves to improving their skill.
7. According to the author, what have the son’s team learned
A. Falls seven times, stand up eight.
B. The hardest fight is to fight oneself.
C. God helps those who help themselves.
D. Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述儿子冰球队的经历，说明了失败和挫折在成长中的重要性。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“In his third season in 2022, my son’s team never lost more than three straight games.There was happiness, boasting, celebration, pizza. In short, it was a typically good youth hockey season.(在2022年他的第三个赛季，我儿子的球队从未输过超过三场比赛。有快乐、吹嘘、庆祝、披萨。简而言之，这是一个典型的青少年冰球赛季。)”可知，作者儿子的球队在2022年第三赛季的表现令人印象深刻。故选B项。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“As bad as it got, the losing was clarifying. It kept out the kids who were in it less for the game than the glory, leaving just the die-hards behind.(尽管情况很糟糕，但输掉比赛是clarifying。它把那些为了荣誉孩子们淘汰，只留下真正热爱曲棍球的孩子。)”可知，输掉比赛虽然很糟，但它可以淘汰那些为了荣誉的孩子，留下真正热爱曲棍球的孩子。由此推知，动词clarify指的就是这一过程：留住了真正的球员，而不是那些追求荣誉的球员。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Each player got to play everywhere, to learn and appreciate the role of every position on the ice. They kept an eye on the payers from the other team too, studying and applying the tricks of success. In an effort to break the streak, they went back to basics, accepted the intelligence of the hockey ancients: If playing like a team, they can defeat a collection of all-stars; If doing small and unimportant tasks well, they can get the goal.(每个球员都要在任何地方打球，学习和欣赏冰上每个位置的作用。他们也密切关注着对方球队的球员，学习并应用成功的技巧。为了打破连胜，他们回到了基础，接受了冰球古人的智慧：如果像一个团队一样打球，他们可以击败全明星队；如果把小而不重要的任务做好，他们就能达到目标。)”可知，经历失败后，他们全力以赴提高他们的技能。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“They had learned the most important lesson: You can lose without being beaten.(他们学到了最重要的一课：你可以输，但不会被打败。)”可知，他们学到的是永不言败的精神，即“Falls seven times, stand up eight.(跌倒了，就再爬起来)”。故选A项。
C
Once I was chatting with some friends about the fact that we all have accents (口音), most of them replied proudly, “Well, I speak perfect English or Chinese.” But this kind of reply is nowhere near the point.
More often than not, what we mean when we say someone “has an accent” is that their accent is different from the local one, or that their pronunciations are different from our own. But this understanding of accents is limiting and could cause prejudice (偏见). Funnily enough, in the language study, every person speaks with an accent. It is the regular differences in how we produce sounds that decide our accents. Even if you don’t hear it yourself, you speak with some sort of accent. In this sense, it’s pointless to point out that someone “has an accent”. We all do!
Every person speaks a dialect (方言), too. In the field-of language study, a dialect is a version of a language that is characterized by its variations of structure, phrases and words. For instance, “You got eat or not ” (meaning “Have you eaten ”) is an acceptable and understood question in Singapore Oral English. The fact that this expression would cause a standard American English speaker to stop for a while doesn’t mean that Singapore Oral English is “wrong” or “ungrammatical”. The sentence is well-formed and clearly communicative, according to native Singapore English speakers’ system of grammar. Why should it be wrong just because it’s different
We need to move beyond a narrow understanding of accents and dialects-for the good of everyone. Language differences like these provide insights into people’s cultural experiences and backgrounds. In a global age, the way one speaks is a special part of who they are. Most people would be happy to talk about the cultures behind their speech. We’d learn more about the world we live in and make friends along the way.
8. What does the author think of his friends’ reply
A. It suggests their impoliteness. B. It shows their language levels.
C. It reflects their self-confidence. D. It misses the real meaning of accents.
9. Why does the author mention Singapore Oral English
A. To prove dialects are acceptable B. To correct a grammatical mistake.
C. To show different types of English. D. To encourage more changes to languages.
10. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. We should be pround of our cultures.
B. We should make friends more in the future
C. We should speak with our local dialect smote.
D. We should treasure the value of accents and dialects.
11. The author of the text is probably a .
A. cultural researcher B. public speaker
C. Chinese learner D. magazine editor
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要论述了每个人都有口音。从这个意义上说，指出某人“有口音”是毫无意义的。语言差异可以帮助人们洞察他人的文化经历和背景，因此我们要欣赏口音和方言的价值。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Once I was chatting with some friends about the fact that we all have accents (口音), most of them replied proudly, “Well, I speak perfect English or Chinese.” But this kind of reply is nowhere near the point.(有一次我和一些朋友聊到我们都有口音的事实，他们中的大多数人自豪地回答说:“嗯，我的英语或中文说得很好。”但这种回答根本不切题。)”可知，作者认为他/她的朋友忽略了口音的真正含义。故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“The sentence is well-formed and clearly communicative, according to native Singapore English speakers’ system of grammar. Why should it be wrong just because it’s different (根据新加坡英语母语者的语法体系，这句话结构良好，表达清晰。为什么仅仅因为不同就应该是错的呢？)”可知，作者认为不能因为它不同就认为它是错的。所以作者使用新加坡口语的例子是为了证明方言是可以接受的。故选A。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“We need to move beyond a narrow understanding of accents and dialects-for the good of everyone. Language differences like these provide insights into people’s cultural experiences and backgrounds. In a global age, the way one speaks is a special part of who they are. Most people would be happy to talk about the cultures behind their speech. We’d learn more about the world we live in and make friends along the way.(为了每个人的利益，我们需要超越对口音和方言的狭隘理解。像这样的语言差异提供了对人们的文化经历和背景的见解。在全球化时代，一个人说话的方式是一个人的特殊部分。大多数人都乐于谈论他们讲话背后的文化。我们会更多地了解我们生活的世界，并在此过程中结交朋友。)”可知，最后一段主要讲的是我们应该珍惜口音和方言的价值。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Language differences like these provide insights into people’s cultural experiences and backgrounds. In a global age, the way one speaks is a special part of who they are. Most people would be happy to talk about the cultures behind their speech.(像这样的语言差异提供了对人们的文化经历和背景的见解。在全球化时代，一个人说话的方式是一个人的特殊部分。大多数人都乐于谈论他们讲话背后的文化。)”可知，作者对文化很有研究，可能是一个文化研究者，故选A。
D
Dogs greet other dogs nose-first, sniffing (嗅) each other from head to toe. People are not quite so open about the process of sniffing each other out. But the perfume industry suggests smell is important in human relations, too. There is also evidence that human beings can lead to close relationship, deduce (推断) emotional states and even detect disease via the sense of smell.
Now, Inbal Ravreby of the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel has gone a step further. He think he has been able to prove, admittedly in a fairly small sample of individuals, that friends actually smell alike. He has also shown that with people picking friends at least partly on the basis of body odour (气味), rather than the body odours of people who become friends afterwards forming.
But why To cast light on whether friendship causes a similarity in smell, or a similarity in smell causes friendship, Dr Ravreby investigated whether e-nose (electronic nose) measurements could predict positive interactions between strangers (new friendships often start from being strangers). To achieve this goal they gathered 17 volunteers, gave them T-shirts to wear to collect their body odours, ran these odours past the e-nose and then asked the participants to play a game.
That game involved silently mirroring another individual’s hand movements. Participants were paired up at random (随机) and their reactions were recorded. After each interaction, they show how close they felt to their fellow gamer by overlapping (部分重叠) two circles (one representing themselves, the other their partner) on a screen. The more similar the two smells were which are brought about by e-nose, the greater the overlap.
But why body odour might play a role in helping to form friendships remains unclear. Dr Rav re by theorizes that there may be “an evolutionary advantage in having friends that are genetically similar to us”. Body odour is known to be linked to genetic makeup. Smelling others may thus allow hidden connections about genetic similarity to be drawn.
12. What does the underlined sentence mean in Paragraph 1
A. People will sniff their friends in private.
B. People will close their eyes when sniffing.
C. Sniffing their friends is not allowed when they meet.
D. Sniffing their friends is uncommon when they meet.
13. According to Dr Ravreby, which comes first, friendship or similarity of smell
A. Friendship. B. Similarity of smell.
C. It remains unclear. D. It depends.
14. What can we learn from the experiment
A. It involves participants who are friends already.
B. The e-nose can help predict a possible friendship.
C. The overlap part shows the two smell alike.
D. It aims to find out how close two people can be.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. Genetic similarity — the start of our friendship.
B. Dog’s sniff — the origin of our friendship.
C. Body odour — the connection of our friendship.
D. E-nose — the measurement of our friendship.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是气味可能在友谊的形成中起作用。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段“Dogs greet other dogs nose-first, sniffing (嗅) each other from head to toe. People are not quite so open about the process of sniffing each other out.(狗互相打招呼时先用鼻子，从头到脚互相嗅对方。人们对彼此嗅出对方的过程不太接受。)”可知，人类见面时闻朋友的气味是不常见的。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“He think he has been able to prove, admittedly in a fairly small sample of individuals, that friends actually smell alike. He has also shown that with people picking friends at least partly on the basis of body odour (气味), rather than the body odours of people who become friends afterwards forming.(他认为他已经能够证明（诚然是在一个相当小的个体样本中）朋友们的气味实际上是相似的。他还表明，人们选择朋友至少在一定程度上是基于体味，而不是那些在交朋友后成为朋友的人的体味。)”可知，根据Ravreby博士的说法，先有气味相似，然后才形成友谊，故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“To cast light on whether friendship causes a similarity in smell, or a similarity in smell causes friendship, Dr Ravreby investigated whether e-nose (electronic nose) measurements could predict positive interactions between strangers(new friendships often start from being strangers).(为了弄清楚是友谊导致气味相似，还是气味相似导致友谊，Ravreby博士调查了电子鼻的测量是否可以预测陌生人之间的积极互动（新的友谊通常是从陌生人开始的）。)”可知，电子鼻可以帮助预测一段可能的友谊。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“But the perfume industry suggests smell is important in human relations, too. There is also evidence that human beings can lead to close relationship, deduce (推断) emotional states and even detect disease via the sense of smell.(但香水行业认为，气味在人际关系中也很重要。也有证据表明，人类可以通过嗅觉建立亲密关系，推断情绪状态，甚至检测疾病。)”和第二段“He has also shown that with people picking friends at least partly on the basis of body odour (气味), rather than the body odours of people who become friends afterwards forming.(他还表明，人们选择朋友至少在一定程度上是基于体味，而不是那些在交朋友后成为朋友的人的体味。)”可知，本文主要讲的是气味可能在友谊的形成中起作用，因此最好的标题是C选项“Body odour—the connection of our friendship.(体味——我们友谊的纽带。)”。故选C。
E
Scientists at the University of Massachusetts(UMass) announced recently that they have worked out how to design a biofilm (生物膜) that collects the energy in evaporation (蒸发) and changes it to electricity. This biofilm, which was announced in Nature, has the ability to change the world of wearable electronics, powering everything from personal medical sensors (感应器) to personal electronics.
“This is a very impressive technology,” says Li Xiumeng, a graduate student in electrical and computer energy, “and unlike other so-called ‘green-energy’ sources, its production is absolutely green.”
That is because this biofilm—which is a sheet of bacterial cells (细菌细胞) and as thin as a sheet of paper—is produced naturally by an improved version of the bacterium Geo. Geo is known to produce electricity and has been used before in “microbial batteries” to power electrical equipment. But such batteries require that Geo be properly cared for and fed a continuous diet. By contrast, this new biofilm, which can supply as much energy as a battery of the similar size, works continuously, because it is dead. And because it is dead, it doesn’t need to be fed.
The secret behind this new biofilm is that it makes energy from the moisture (水分) on your skin. While we daily read stories about solar power (太阳能), at least 50%of the solar energy reaching the earth goes toward evaporating water. “This is a huge, undiscovered source of energy,” says Ye Xun, professor of electrical and computer engineering at UMass, and the paper’s one senior author. Since the surface of our skin is always wet with sweat, the biofilm can make use of it and change the energy locked in evaporation into enough energy to power small equipment. “Our next step is to increase the size of our film to power more smarter wearable electronics,” says Ye, and Li points out that one of the goals is to power entire electronic systems, rather than single equipment.
16. Which can biofilm do according to Paragraph 1
A. Invent wearable electronics. B. Get power from evaporation.
C. Supply energy to microbial batteries. D. Produce more electricity than before.
17. The biofilm is better than “microbial batteries” because .
A. it is relatively thinner B. it is environmentally friendly
C. it applies a rare energy source D. it decreases the cost in usage
18. What do Ye and Li think of the future of the biofilm
A. Doubtful. B. Bright. C. Unclear. D. Harmful.
19. What is the purpose of the text
A. To introduce us to a new biofilm.
B. To describe the disadvantages of the biofilm.
C. To compare the new biofilm with others.
D. To change people’s view on the new biofilm.
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. B 19. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了一种生物膜，可以在蒸发过程中收集能量，并将其转化为电能。并且其生产也是真正绿色环保。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Scientists at the University of Massachusetts(UMass) announced recently that they have worked out how to design a biofilm (生物膜) that collects the energy in evaporation (蒸发) and changes it to electricity.(马萨诸塞大学(University of Massachusetts, UMass)的科学家最近宣布，他们已经设计出一种生物膜，可以收集蒸发过程中的能量并将其转化为电能。)”可知，生物膜从蒸发中获取能量，故选B。
【17题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“By contrast, this new biofilm, which can supply as much energy as a battery of the similar size, works continuously, because it is dead. And because it is dead, it doesn’t need to be fed.(相比之下，这种新的生物膜可以提供与同等大小的电池一样多的能量，并且可以连续工作，因为它是死的。因为它已经死了，所以不需要喂食。)”可知，生物膜与微生物电池相比，其优势是降低了使用成本，故选D。
【18题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“This is a huge, undiscovered source of energy(这是一种巨大的、未被发现的能源)”和““Our next step is to increase the size of our film to power more smarter wearable electronics,” says Ye, and Li points out that one of the goals is to power entire electronic systems, rather than single equipment.(Ye说：“我们的下一步是增加薄膜的尺寸，为更智能的可穿戴电子设备供电。”Li指出，目标之一是为整个电子系统供电，而不是单个设备。)”可知，Ye和Li认为生物膜的未来是光明的，故选B。
【19题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Scientists at the University of Massachusetts(UMass) announced recently that they have worked out how to design a biofilm (生物膜) that collects the energy in evaporation (蒸发) and changes it to electricity.(马萨诸塞大学(University of Massachusetts, UMass)的科学家最近宣布，他们已经设计出一种生物膜，可以收集蒸发过程中的能量并将其转化为电能。)”可知，文章介绍了一种生物膜，可以在蒸发过程中收集能量，并将其转化为电能。并且其生产也是真正的绿色环保，因此本文目的是向我们介绍一种新的生物膜。故选A。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Signs That You Are Growing
Growing is a lifelong process. Here are the signs that show that you are actually growing and not getting stuck in the process.
____20____
Often, we see how badly people look when they get overly upset due to unimportant things. So the first sign of maturity (成熟) is letting the small things go and not getting angry over a tiny detail that didn’t go as you planned.
You start forgiving and understanding other people
When we are young, we are often unforgiving. As we mature, we are better able to understand the world beyond black and white. ____21____. It enables us to look beyond the obvious and let go of simple judgments. We begin to understand better that others have complex (复杂的) lives and personalities, and so we become more willing to forgive their mistakes.
You always complete things that matter
Immature people don’t know when to commit (承诺) themselves and their energy or resources are always not well employed. ____22____. In this way, they can often keep their promises and honor their commitments.
You accept the possibility of being wrong
____23____. They are always able to accept the possibility that they are wrong, that they don’t know something, because there is always more to learn.
Being mature is knowing that you are always growing up. You are never done learning and developing. This means that you don’t set yourself up as the highest authority. ____24____.
A. You follow the crowd
B. You let the small things go
C. Instead, mature people focus on completing things that matter
D. Immature and mature people can both have plans for their lives
E. Rather, you open your mind to other ideas and new possibilities
F. Becoming more understanding is a sign of strength, not weakness
G. Mature people appear more confident, however, they are not overconfident
【答案】20. B 21. F 22. C 23. G 24. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了四种表明你变得成熟的迹象。
【20题详解】
根据本段内容“Often, we see how badly people look when they get overly upset due to unimportant things. So the first sign of maturity (成熟) is letting the small things go and not getting angry over a tiny detail that didn’t go as you planned.(通常，我们看到人们因为不重要的事情而过度沮丧时的样子是多么糟糕。所以成熟的第一个标志就是让小事过去，不要因为没有按计划进行的小细节而生气)”可知，本段提到“让小事过去，不要因为没有按计划进行的小细节而生气”，即建议不计较小事情。故B项“你不计较小事”适合作本节的小标题。故选B。
【21题详解】
根据标题“You start forgiving and understanding other people(你开始原谅和理解别人)”；空前“As we mature, we are better able to understand the world beyond black and white.(随着我们的成熟，我们能够更好地理解非黑即白的世界)”及空后“It enables us to look beyond the obvious and let go of simple judgments.(它使我们能够超越显而易见的事物，放弃简单的判断)”可知，本段的主旨是理解他人，更好地理解非黑即白的世界，F选项中understanding对应标题中understanding。故F项“变得更加善解人意是一种力量，而不是软弱”符合语境。故选F。
【22题详解】
根据空前“Immature people don’t know when to commit (承诺) themselves and their energy or resources are always not well employed.(不成熟的人不知道什么时候该承诺自己，他们的精力和资源总是没有得到很好的利用)”及空后“In this way, they can often keep their promises and honor their commitments.(通过这种方式，他们通常可以遵守他们的承诺和履行他们的承诺)”可知，上文提到了不成熟的人的做法，可知本句是在说明成熟的人会怎么做。C选项中mature people与上文Immature people相对应。故C项“相反，成熟的人专注于完成重要的事情”符合语境。故选C。
【23题详解】
根据本节小标题“You accept the possibility of being wrong(你接受错误的可能性)”及空后“They are always able to accept the possibility that they are wrong, that they don’t know something, because there is always more to learn.(他们总是能够接受自己错了的可能性，接受自己不知道的可能性，因为总有更多的东西需要学习)”可知，后文提到了某种人能够接受自己错了的可能性，认识到有更多的东西需要学习，G选项中Mature people对应后文They。故G项“成熟的人看起来更自信，然而，他们并不是过度自信”符合语境。故选G。
【24题详解】
根据空前“You are never done learning and developing. This means that you don’t set yourself up as the highest authority.(你永远不会停止学习和发展。这意味着你没有把自己设定为最高权威)”可知，上文提到了“没有把自己设定为最高权威”，故本句与上文构成转折，指出这种特性会导致的结果：你会敞开心扉接受其他的想法和新的可能性。故E项“相反，你会敞开心扉接受其他的想法和新的可能性”符合语境。故选E。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I embarked on an overnight bus journey from Kolhapur to Aurangabad in India. The bus—an ordinary, non-air-conditioned one—was more than ____25____. All 55 seats were taken and there were some 20 people _____26_____ in the aisle(过道). The hot day____27____ the discomfort of the 10-hour journey. Because I was travelling on a student bus pass I had no choice but to stand.
After approximately two extended hours, I was wet with _____28_____ in the noise of the bus. I suddenly _____29_____ a hand tapping my hand, asking for _____30_____. Turning around, I found a middle-aged man with a smile looking up at me. He stood up and said I could take his _____31_____ for a little while. I was pleasantly _____32_____ and immediately accepted his offer, my entire body feeling a sense of relief. And the man just stood next to me, looking around. After about 20 minutes, I signaled him to _____33_____ his space. Another man, who was sitting by the window on the other side of the bus, had observed our ______34______.
Just then something ______35______ happened. Our observer stood up and offered his seat to another standing man. All of a sudden, we had unexpectedly caused a chain reaction: almost all the standees got a(n) ______36______ to be seated. More surprisingly, people even started chatting with each other while exchanging their positions, and soon began sharing jokes. Needless to say, the rest of the journey was quite ______37______.
The bus reached its destination the next morning. I stood in the early morning light, waving goodbye to the groups, who went their separate routines. But this extraordinary experience has stayed with me after all the years. I am always ______38______ of an important life lesson—that we can all ______39______ what we have, including our burdens, and help our co-passengers in the journey of life.
25.
A. narrowed B. packed C. advanced D. delayed
26.
A. standing B. sitting C. lying D. moving
27.
A. applied for B. made up C. added to D. worked out
28.
A. rain B. water C. tears D. sweat
29.
A. gave B. held C. supplied D. sensed
30.
A. company B. help C. contact D. attention
31.
A. advice B. seat C. hand D. instruction
32.
A. frightened B. surprised C. awkward D. confident
33.
A. take back B. set up C. cut in D. give out
34.
A. adventure B. conversation C. deal D. exchange
35.
A. confusing B. powerful C. magical D. positive
36.
A. challenge B. goal C. arrangement D. chance
37.
A. enjoyable B. glorious C. shocking D. admirable
38.
A. warned B. reminded C. freed D. affected
39.
A. throw B. deliver C. share D. track
【答案】25. B 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. D 30. D 31. B 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C 36. D 37. A 38. B 39. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲述了作者在一次乘坐夜间巴士旅行的途中发生的美妙故事，有座位的乘客与没有座位的乘客交换坐下，旅途变得充满欢笑，这也让作者意识到分享的意义。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这辆巴士——一辆普通的、没有空调的巴士——非常拥挤。A. narrowed狭窄的；B. packed挤满人的，异常拥挤的；C. advanced先进的；D. delayed延误的。根据后文“All 55 seats were taken and there were some 20 people_____2_____in the aisle(过道).(所有55个座位都被占满了，大约有20人……在过道上。)”可知，车上挤满了人，非常拥挤。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有55个座位都被占满了，大约有20人站在过道上。A. standing站立；B. sitting坐下；C. lying躺；D. moving移动。根据句中的 “All 55 seats were taken”可知，所有55个座位被占满了，所以还有大约22人站在过道上。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：炎热的天使这10个小时的旅程更加不舒服。A. applied for申请；B. made up化妆，形成，编造；C. added to增添，使增加；D. worked out计算出。根据前文“The bus—an ordinary, non-air-conditioned one—was more than ____1____. (这辆巴士——一辆普通的、没有空调的巴士——非常拥挤。)”可知，车上非常拥挤且没有空调，而炎热的天气又增加了旅程的不适感。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：过了大约两个非常漫长的小时，我在公共汽车的噪音中被汗水湿透了。A. rain雨；B. water水；C. tears泪水；D. sweat汗水。根据前文中的“non-air-conditioned one”和“The hot day”以及空前的“wet”可知，车里没有空调，天气又非常炎热，所以作者被汗水浸透了。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我突然感觉到一只手在轻拍我的手，请求注意。A. gave给；B. held抓，握；C. supplied供应；D. sensed感觉到，意识到。根据空后的“a hand tapping my hand”可知，作者应该是感觉到有人在轻拍自己的手。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. company陪伴；B. help帮助；C. contact联系；D. attention注意。根据后文“Turning around, I found a middle-aged man with a smile looking up at me. He stood up and said I could take his _____7_____for a little while.(转过身来，我发现一个中年男子微笑着抬头看着我。他站起来说，我可以坐他的_____ 7 _____一会儿。)”可知，这位中年男子拍作者的手应该是要引起作者的注意，以便说出自己的想法。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他站起来，说我可以在他的座位上坐一会儿。A. advice建议；B. seat座位；C. hand手；D. instruction指示，命令。根据后文“immediately accepted his offer, my entire body feeling a sense of relief”可知，作者坐在了这位男子的座位上。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到惊喜，立刻接受了他的邀请，全身如释重负。A. frightened害怕的；B. surprised吃惊的；C. awkward令人尴尬的；D. confident自信的。根据后文“my entire body feeling a sense of relief. (我全身如释重负。)”可知，作者应该是感到惊喜的。根据前文“He stood up and said I could take his _____7_____for a little while.(他站起来说，我可以坐他的_____ 7 _____一会儿。)”可知，素未相识的男子主动邀请作者坐一会儿自己的座位，作者应是非常惊喜的。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：大约20分钟后，我示意他收回自己的座位。A. take back收回；B. set up创建，安排；C. cut in插嘴；D. give out用完，放出（热、光等）。根据前文“I could take his _____7_____for a little while”和“accepted his offer”可知，作者接受了那位男士的好意，所以此处是说在20分钟之后，作者让那位男士收回自己的座位。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：坐在汽车另一边靠窗的一个人看到了我们的交换。A. adventure冒险；B. conversation对话；C. deal交易；D. exchange交换。根据前文“He stood up and said I could take his _____7_____for a little while.(他站起来，说我可以坐他的座位一会儿。)”以及“After about 20 minutes, I signaled him to_____9_____his space.(大约20分钟后，我示意他收回自己的座位。)”可知，那位男士将座位让给作者坐了一会儿，然后作者20分钟之后将座位还给了那位男士，这是一种交换。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，神奇的事情发生了。A. confusing令人困惑的；B. powerful强有力的，有影响力的；C. magical神奇的；D. positive积极的。根据后文“Our observer stood up and offered his seat to another standing man. All of a sudden, we had unexpectedly caused a chain reaction: almost all the standees got a(n)_____12_____to be seated.(我们这位目击者站起来，把座位让给另一个站着的人。突然之间，我们出乎意料地引起了连锁反应：几乎所有的站着的人都得到了一个_____12_____来坐下。)”可知，作者和那位男士交换坐座位引起了其他人也这么做，这是一件神奇的事情。故选C。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然间，我们出乎意料地引起了连锁反应：几乎所有站着的人都有机会入座。A. challenge挑战；B. goal目标；C. arrangement安排；D. chance机会。根据空前的“the standees got a(n)”和空后的“to be seated”可知，在作者他们的影响下，那些坐着的人与站着的人也交换起来，站着的人有机会坐下来。故选D。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不用说，接下来的旅程相当愉快。A. enjoyable令人愉快的；B. glorious光荣的；C. shocking惊人的；D. admirable令人羡慕的。根据前文“people even started chatting with each other while exchanging their positions, and soon began sharing jokes”可知，车上的人们在交换位置的同时开始聊天和分享笑话，所以接下来的旅程是愉快的。故选A。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我总是想起一个重要的人生教训——我们都可以分享我们所拥有的，包括我们的负担，并在人生旅程中帮助我们的同伴。A. warned警告；B. reminded使想起；C. freed释放；D. affected影响。根据前文“But this extraordinary experience has stayed with me after all the years.(但这么多年过去了，这种非凡的经历一直伴随着我。)”和空后的“of an important life lesson”可知，作者一直铭记这段经历，因为这次经历总是作者想起人生重要的一课。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. throw抛，扔；B. deliver递送，传送；C. share分享；D. track跟踪，追踪。根据前文内容和空后的“what we have”可知，那位男士把自己的座位让给作者坐一会儿，这引发了车内其他人也这么做，这是在分享自己所拥有的东西。故选C。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A skywell, or “tian jing” (天井) in Mandarin, is a typical feature of a ____40____(tradition) home in southern and eastern China. Different from a northern Chinese courtyard, generally speaking, a skywell is____41____(small) and less exposed to the outdoor environment.
Sky wells are_____42_____ (common) seen in homes dating back to Ming and Qing dynasties, which were built to house_____43_____(generation) of relatives. Sky wells managed____44____(cool) buildings in an era well before air-conditioning existed. When wind blows above a skywell house, it can enter the indoor space through the opening. Since outdoor air is often cooler than indoor air, the incoming wind travels down the walls to the lower stories____45____creates airflows by replacing warmer indoor air,____46____rises and leaves through the opening.
Designed to serve as_____47_____gathering space for families or communities as well, skywell buildings___48___(exist) in China for hundreds of years. Although in recent times they have often been forgotten by people _____49_____(prefer) modern facilities, due to a revival of our Chinese architecture, skywell buildings have been making a comeback.
【答案】40. traditional
41. smaller
42. commonly
43. generations
44. to cool
45. and 46. which
47. a 48. have existed
49. preferring
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“天井”这一中国传统住宅典型设计的地理分布、作用、历史和现状。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：天井，普通话中的“tian jing”，是中国南部和东部传统民居的典型特征。分析句子结构，空处在句子中作定语，修饰home，应使用形容词。traditional意为“传统的”。故填traditional。
【41题详解】
考查形容词的比较级。句意：与中国北方的庭院不同，天井更小，在户外环境中暴露得更少。根据句中的“northern Chinese courtyard(中国北方的庭院)”以及“a skywell(天井)”和and后的“less exposed”可知，此处将两者进行比较，空处应填形容词的比较级。故填smaller。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：天井常见于可追溯至明清时期的房屋中，这些房屋是为容纳几代亲属而建造的。分析句子结构，空处在句子中修饰are see，应使用副词。commonly意为“通常，常常”。故填commonly。
【43题详解】
考查名词数。句意参考上题。generation意为“一代人，代”，为可数名词。空前没有限定词，这里应用复数。故填generations。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：早在空调存在之前的那个时代，天井就已经能为建筑物降温了。manage to do sth.意为“设法做成某事”，不定式作宾语。故填to cool。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：由于室外空气通常比室内空气凉，所以进来的风沿着墙壁传播到较低的楼层，并通过替换室内较暖的空气而产生气流，室内较暖的空气通过开口上升和离开。根据句意，“travels down the walls to the lower stories”和“creates airflows by replacing warmer indoor air”之间是并列关系，所以应用and连接。故填and。
【46题详解】
考查定语从句。句意参考上题。分析句子结构，空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，指代先行词warmer indoor air，指物，且在从句中作主语，所以应用which引导。故填which。
【47题详解】
考查冠词。句意：天井建筑被设计成家庭或社区的聚会空间，在中国已经存在了数百年。根据空后的gathering space可知，这里表示泛指，且gathering的发音以辅音音素开头，所以应用不定冠词a。故填a。
【48题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意参考上题。根据句中的时间状语“for hundreds of years”可知，这里应用现在完成时。主语skywell buildings表示复数，所以谓语应用复数。故填have existed。
【49题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管近年来，更喜欢现代设施的人们往往会忘记它们，但由于中国传统建筑的复兴，天井建筑已经再度流行起来。分析句子结构，空处在句子中作定语，应使用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语people之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，所以使用现在分词。故填preferring。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 单词拼写(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
根据首字母提示和括号内的中文意思填写所需单词的适当形式。(注意：请在答题卡上填写完整单词)
50. The wise old man shared his w__________(智慧，才智) with the younger generation, offering valuable insights.(根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】wisdom##isdom
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这位睿智的老人与年轻一代分享了他的智慧，提供了宝贵的见解。根据中英文提示可知应填名词wisdom，作宾语，不可数。故填wisdom。
51. C_________ (作弊，欺骗) in sports events is considered a serious offense and can result in disqualification. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】Cheating##heating
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：在体育比赛中作弊被认为是严重的违法行为，可能会导致取消参赛资格。根据首字母和中文提示可知，空处应用动词cheat，且空处和空后的in sports events搭配，作句子的主语，是非谓语动词，此处介绍的是一件已知的事情，cheat应用动名词形式，句首单词首字母大写。故填Cheating。
52. The stone s_________(击打，敲打) her on the forehead yesterday. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】struck##truck
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：昨天石头砸在她的额头上。由首字母提示s可知，“击打，敲打”是strike，由yesterday可知，句子时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式struck，故填struck。
53. Despite the chaos around her, she remained c_________(镇静的，沉着的) in the face of adversity. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】calm##alm
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：尽管周围一片混乱，她在逆境中仍然保持冷静。空格处用形容词作表语，由首字母提示c可知，“镇静的，沉着的”是calm。故填calm。
54. The earthquake last night d_________(毁坏，摧毁) the entire neighborhoods, leaving behind a trail of devastation. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】destroyed##estroyed
【解析】
【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：昨晚的地震摧毁了整个社区，留下了满目疮痍的痕迹。空处应用动词，作句子的谓语。结合中英文提示，这里应用destroy，为及物动词。根据句中的last night，这里表示过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填destroyed。
55. When c_________(比较，对比) with other methods, the new approach proved to be more efficient and cost-effective. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】compared##ompared
【解析】
【详解】考查时态，语态，主谓一致和省略。句意：通过与其他方法的比较，证明了新方法的效率和成本效益。由首字母提示c可知，“比较，对比”是compare，新方法是被拿去和其他方法比较，且句子描述过去的事情，因此when引导的从句是when it was compared with other methods，when引导的时间状语从句中主语和主句主语一致，且从句中有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，因此空格处是compared。故填compared。
56. The concert drew a large a_________(观众) who were eager to enjoy the performance of the famous musician. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】audience##udience
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：音乐会吸引了大批观众，他们渴望欣赏这位著名音乐家的表演。由首字母提示a可知，“观众”是audience，是集合名词，空前有a，空格处用单数，故填audience。
57. The fierce c _________ (竞争) among the two participants showcased their determination and skill. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】competition##ompetition
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：两位参赛者的激烈竞争显示了他们的决心和技巧。由首字母提示c可知，“竞争”使用名词competition，此处指一场竞争，因此空格处用单数，故填competition。
58. The team was d_________(下定决心的) to win the championship and trained tirelessly for months. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】determined##etermined
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这支队伍下定决心要赢得冠军，并不知疲倦地训练了几个月。根据中英文提示，空处应用形容词determined，作表语。be determined to do sth.意为“下定决心做某事”。故填determined。
59. The e_________(紧急情况，突发事件) exit is clearly marked and should be used in the event of a fire or other urgent situations. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】emergency##mergency
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：紧急出口有清楚的标志，在发生火灾或其他紧急情况时应使用。“紧急情况，突发事件”是emergency，emergency exit意为“紧急出口”，emergency，名词作定语。故填emergency。
第二节 应用文写作(满分20分)
60. 假设你是李华，你校英文网站新增了《Health》栏目，请你写一篇短文投稿。
内容包括：
1.中学生健康现状；
2.健康的重要性；
3.呼吁关注健康。
注意：
(1)词数100字左右；
(2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Teen Health Matters
In the midst of heavy academic pressure, insufficient sleep, and a lack of sports, high school students are confronted with significant challenges to their physical and mental health. Some are even struggling with issues like insomnia and anxiety.
Actually, well-being contributes to overall physical fitness, fosters positive relationships and enhances our abilities to enjoy life. Besides, physical and mental health cultivates some good qualities such as resilience, helping individuals bounce back from obstacles and adversities.
Prioritizing health not only aids in tackling academic stress but also fosters a good mindset. Embracing a healthy lifestyle from a young age lays the foundation for a vibrant and fulfilling life. Let’s work together, embracing a healthy way of living and paving the way for a unique and fantastic journey throughout their lives.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于议论文，要求考生写一篇短文向学校英文网站《Health》栏目投稿。内容包括：1.中学生健康现状；2.健康的重要性；3.呼吁关注健康。
【详解】1.词汇积累
压力：pressure→stress
不足的：insufficient→inadequate
培养：foster→develop
另外：besides→moreover
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Some are even struggling with issues like insomnia and anxiety.
拓展句：Some are even struggling with issues which include insomnia and anxiety.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Besides, physical and mental health cultivates some good qualities such as resilience, helping individuals bounce back from obstacles and adversities. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] Let’s work together, embracing a healthy way of living and paving the way for a unique and fantastic journey throughout their lives. (运用了现在分词作状语)
