2015年中考英语专题复习导学案： 动词

2015年中考英语专题复习导学案： 动词
绝大多数动词都有五种基本形式：动词原形、第三人称单数、过去式、过去分词、现在分词和不定式。
一、实义动词
根据其后是否带宾语，动词可分为及物动词(带宾语)和不及物动词 (不带宾语)。如：
　　When will he arrive 他什么时候到？(arrive 不带宾语，为不及物动词)
　　He reached Beijing yesterday. 他昨天到达北京。(reach 带了宾语，为及物动词)
　　有的动词既可用作及物动词也可用作不及物动词：
　　The child is playing. 这小孩在玩。（不及物用法）
The child is playing the piano. 这小孩在弹钢琴。（及物用法）
特殊词精讲
1. stop doing/to do
stop to do　停止，中断做某事后去做另一件事，stop doing　停止做某事。例如：
　　They stop to smoke a cigarette.　 他们停下来，抽了根烟。
　　I must stop smoking.　　　　　 我必须戒烟了。
典型例题　 She reached t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he top of the hill and stopped ___　on a big rock by the side of the path.　
A. to have rested　B. resting　 C. to rest　D. rest
2. forget doing/to do
　 forget to do　忘记要去做某事，forget doing　忘记做过某事。例如：
　The light in the off ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ice is stil on. He forgot to turn it off. 办公室的灯还在亮着，他忘记关了。（没有做关灯的动作）
　　He forgot turning the light off. 他忘记他已经关了灯了。（已做过关灯的动作）
典型例题 ---- The light ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in the office is still on.　 ---- Oh，I forgot___.　　　　　　　　　　
　 A. turning ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) it off　 B. turn it off　 C. to turn it off　 D. having turned it off
　 3. remember doing/to do
　 remember to do 记得去做某事，remember doing　记得做过某事。例如：
Remember to go to the post office after school. 记着放学后去趟邮局。
Don't you remember seeing the man before 你不记得以前见过那个人吗
4. try doing/to do
　 try to do　努力，企图做某事，try doing　试验，试着做某事。例如：
You must try to be more careful. 你可要多加小心。
　 I tried gardening but didn't succeed. 我试着种果木花卉，但未成功。
5. go on doing/to do
go on to do　做了一件事后，接着做另一件事，go on doing　继续做原来做的事。例如：
　 After he had fini ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )shed his math，he went on to do his physics. 做完数学后，他接着去做物理。
　 Go on doing the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) other exercise after you have finished this one. 作完这个练习后，接着做其他的练习
6. be afraid doing/to do
be afraid to do　不 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )敢，胆怯去做某事，是主观上的原因不去做，意为"怕"，be afraid of doing　担心出现doing的状况、结果。doing 是客观上造成的，意为"生怕，恐怕"。例如：
She was afraid to step ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) further in grass because she was afraid of being bitten by a snake.
她生怕被蛇咬着，不敢在草丛中再走一步。
She was afraid to wake her husband. 她不敢去叫醒她丈夫。
She was afraid of waking her husband. 她生怕吵醒她丈夫。
7. begin（start） doing/to do
　 begin / start to do sth /begin / start doing sth.
1） 谈及一项长期活动或开始一种习惯时，使用doing。例如：
　 How old we ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re you when you first started playing the piano 你几岁时开始弹钢琴？
　2） begin, start用进行时时，后面动词用不定式to do。例如：
　　I was beginning to get angry。我开始生起气来。
　3） 在attempt ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), intend, begin, start 后接know, understand, realize这类动词时，常用不定式to do。例如：
　　I begin to understand the truth。我开始明白真相。
　4） 事物作主语时。例如：
　　The snow began to melt.雪开始融化了
8. 感官动词 + doing/ do
感官动词 see, watch, ob ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )serve, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel + do表示动作的完整性，+doing 表示动作的进行性。例如：
　I saw him work in the garden yesterday. 昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。（强调"我看见了"这个事实）
　I saw him working ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in the garden yesterday.（强调"我见他正干活"这个动作）昨天我见他正在花园里干活。
二、连系动词的分类
　　(1) 状态系动词：只有be一词。如：
　　She is always like that. 她总是那样。
　　(2) 持续系动词：表示主语继 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, remain, stay, rest, lie, stand。如：
　　He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。
　　He stayed single. 他仍然是单身。
　　(3) 表像系动词：表示“看起来好像”，主要有seem, appear, look等。如：
　　He seems (to be) quite happy. 他好像很快活。
　　He appeared quite well. 他显得身体相当好。
　　(4) 感官系动词：表示“……起来” ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，有feel(摸起来，感觉) , smell(闻起来) , sound(听起来) , taste(尝起来，吃起来) 等。如：
　　This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布摸起来很软。
　　Silk feels soft and smooth. 丝绸摸起来很柔软平滑。
(5) 变化系动词：表示主语变成什么样，主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run
become、get、go、be、grow、turn的用法区别：
become表示“变成”,比较正式,通常不用将来时表示动作已经完成。
get也表示动作已经完成,但是更加口语化,通常表示温度、时间、岁数等变化。
go表示“变得”,常见于某些短语中,后面常有形容词bad、blind、hungry等。
be表示“是、成为、当”,多用于将来时、祈使句或不定式中。
grow表示“变得”,常指逐渐的变化,表示身高、岁数的增长。
turn表示“变得”,指变为与原先不同的情况,通常指颜色等变化。
　　(6) 终止系动词：主要有prove, turn out(结果是，证明是) 等。如：
　　His story proved false. 他讲的情况原来是假的。
　　His advice proved sound. 他的劝告证明是对的。
My intuition turned out to be correct. 我的直觉证明是对的。
连系动词后可以接to be吗
The story sounds _ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_________.　　A. to be true B. as true C. being true D. true
　　1. 在seem，appear，p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rove，continue等连系动词以及用作连系动词的短语turn out等之后，可以接to be，但可省略：
　　He seems (to be) sad. 他似乎很伤心。
　　He appears (to be) angry. 他似乎生气了。
　　The news turned out (to be) false. 那消息结果是假的。
　　2. 在feel，smell，sound，taste等连系动词后不接to be：
　　这汤味道不错。
　　正：The soup tastes nice.　　误：The soup tastes to be nice.
　　在look(看起来)之后是否接to be，语法专家意见不一，但总的说来，以不用为佳。
　　3. 在表语形容词前的to be通常不省略：
　　He seemed to be awake when I went into his room. 我进屋时，他似乎醒了。
He seems quite sure of it. 他似乎对此很有把握。
三、助动词
助动词本身不具备任何实际意义， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )不能单独作谓语，必须和 动词一起连用，在句中帮助行为动词组成 和语态以及构成 或否定形式。常用的助动词有： be, have, do, will, would, shall和should。
1、 助动词be的用法：
1）It is raining now ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). （进行时态） 2) The meeting was held yesterday afternoon.（被动语态）
观察以上各句，可知助动词be用于构成： 和 。
2、 助动词will的用法：用于构成将来时态。（will/would还可作情态动词，表示询问或意愿）
Eg: 1) I will visit ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) you tomorrow. 2) I said I would visit you the next day.
3、 助动词have的用法：用于构成 。
Eg: I have finished my homework.
4、 助动词do的用法：用于构成 ，在动词前加do/does/did表
Eg: 1) Does he go to school on foot 2) I didn’t say anything about the result.
3) They do study hard. 他们真的很努力学习。
及时训练：把下句改成否定句、疑问句并作肯定否定回答。
1、 He will go to the cinema with her. 否定句：
一般疑问句： 肯/否回答：
四、 情态动词的语法特征
1） 情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某事的发生。
　　2）情态动词 除ought 和have 外，后面只能接不带to 的不定式。
　　3）情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。
4）情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词，等形式。
1、 表示能力：can/could , be able to (+do)
1) can和be able to 的区别：观察以下各句，可知can 只能用于 和 ；be able to 可用于各种时态。
eg: ① I can /am able to speak English. 他能说英语。
② He could/ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) was able to eat four pieces of bread when he was young.
③ They will be able to finish the housework soon.
2）Can/could you+ 动原 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )+其它？表示征求对方意见或提出请求，表示委婉语气，但在这个句型里could比can更委婉。但要注意它的回答用can不用could.
Eg: ---Could you help me ---Yes, I can.
2、 表示许可： may/might, can/could. 但一定要注意：以may开头的疑问句的否定回答。
例如：---May I come in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) –Yes, you may. / No, you can’t = No ,you mustn’t.
3、 表示必须、必要：must, have to 表示 ；needn’t 表示 。
Eg: You must/ have to finish the work. 你必须完成这个工作。
1）观察以下句子，我们可知must表示说话人的 ；have to 表示 。
Eg: ① I must go home. 我必须回家；
② He has to give up smoking because of badly cough. 因为咳嗽，他不得不戒烟。
2）观察以下句子，我们可知mustn’t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )表示 ,译为 ；don’t have to译为 。
Eg: ① You mustn’t beat her. 你不准打她。
② –Must I finish ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )my homework now —Yes, you must ./ No, you needn’t=you don’t have to
-我必须现在完成作业吗？--是的，你必须完成。/ 不，你不必了。
4、表示推测： must, can, could , may, might.
Eg: ① You run for hours, you must be very tired. 你跑了几个钟，你一定很累了。
② It can’t be John. He has gone to the UK. 不可能是John, 他已经去了英国。
③ –Who can it ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) be ---It may/could/might be Jack. It looks like him.
--可能是谁呢？--可能是Jack, 看起来像他。
观察以上各句总结：肯定推测 译为 ；否定推测 译为 ；疑问推测有个 译为 ；可能性推测用 。
及时训练并归纳最常考情态动词的用法：
1、---Would you like to go fishing with me ---Yes, / 。
2、---May I put th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ese things here ---Yes, / No,
3、---Must we hand ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in our homework today ---Yes, / No,
4、---Look! Some ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )one is coming. It be our class teacher. (用must/can/could/may/might填空)
---It be him. He has gone to Beijing.
1. 中考怎么考？
1. —Look! I’ve cho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sen so many things here.—Do you know all these should _______ (付款) in US dollars (pay)
2. — Shall we take a taxi — No, we _______ . It’s not far from here.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C, shouldn’t D. needn’t
3. —Whose T-shirt i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s this —It be John's. It's much too small for him.
A. may B. must C. can't D. shouldn't
4. —What shoul ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d we do about the trash —It (65) (必须带走) when you leave. (take)
2. 中考考什么？
1. 情态动词的用法：情态动词后 + 动词原形 例：You must finish the work.
否定句：情态动词+not 例：He can not carry the box.
2. can “能力,许可” 例：He can swim now. （能够）
can’t =cannot =can not “不能” 例： He can’t swim now. (不能)
could ①could是“can的过去式” 例：He could swim three years ago.
②could还可以表示“客气委婉的语气或请求”，用在疑问句中。回答时用can。
例：Could Jim lend me his bike ------Yes, he can.
★can和be able to在表示“能力”上意思相同，差别不大。can只有现在和过去两种形式，而be able to有更多的时态形式
例：No one can do it. = No one is able to do it.
I’m sorry I haven’t been able to answer your letter.
3. may “可以,许可,” 例：May I borrow your ruler
may not “也许不” 例：Today Jim may not come to our party.
1. I ______ follow you. Would you please repeat it
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
2. —I forgot to bring my dictionary. Could I use yours —Yes, you ______.
A. can B. must C. could D. should
3. .--Pauline ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s lost her phone. –No. It’s in her bag. I _________ hear it.
A. must B. can C. may D. shall
4. . Finish your homewor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )k first, then you’ll _______ watch TV for an hour.
A. can B. be able to C. able D could
5. . —_______ I have lunc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h now, Mom —No. You must wash your hands first.
A. Would B. May C. Ought to
6. .— Have you decided wh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ere to go for your summer vacation —Not yet. We _______go to Qingdao . It's a good place for vacation. A. may B. need C. must
7. . you please give me a hand The box is too heavy.
4. A. Should B. Could C. Must D. Need
5. must “必须” 例：You must finish the work today.
must not =mus ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tn’t “不可以，不应该” 例：You mustn’t lend the book to someone else.
★must和have to都表示 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )必须，must强调主观看法，have to强调客观事实需要。must只有现在和过去两种形式，而have to有更多的时态形式。
例：I must finish the work. （主观上想完成）
My teacher will com ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e to my home, so I have to clean my room. （老师要来是客观原因）
We will have to finish the work. （用于将来时用have to，而must则不能）
6. need “必要,必定” 例：You need start the work now.
needn’t =need not “不必” 例：We needn’t hurry.
★need还用作实意动词，有各种变化
例：He needs to know it. （肯定句）
He doesn’t need to know it. （否定句）
Does he need to know it （一般疑问句）
7. have to +动词原形，表示“必须做---”。
例：He has to finish ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )his homework at first. He doesn’t have to finish his homework at first.
The boys have to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )finish their homework at first. The boys don’t have to finish their homework at first.
1. —Dad, must we wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )it until the light becomes green —Yes, I'm afraid we______ .That's the traffic rule.
A. can B. may C. have to D. need
2. —Excuse me, may I k ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eep the book a little longer —Sorry. You ________ return it today.
A. must B. mustn’t C. can D. can’t
3. Children _______ sit in the front seat of a car. It’s too dangerous.
A. need B. needn’t C. must D. mustn’t
4. We ______ pay to get into the concert. It's free.
8. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. might not D. don’t have to
9. 情态动词的一般疑问句的回答有变化
Can he swim Yes, he can. No, he can’t.
May I watch TV now Yes, you may(can). No ,you mustn’t.或can’t.
Must I finish th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e work now Yes, you must. No, you needn’t. =you don’t have to.
1. —Must I water the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )flowers now, mum —No, you . You do it later.
A. mustn’t; must B. mustn’t; may C. needn’t; may D. needn’t; must
2. —May I take this ma ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )gazine out of the reading room —No, you ____. You read it in here.
A. mightn’t B. won’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t
3. —Can I park my car in front of the building —No, you ________.
A. won't B. can't C. needn't D. couldn't
4. —May I play computer games, Mom —No, you ____________.
A. don’t B. can’t C. wouldn’t D. won’t
5. —May I smoke here —No, you _______. This is a no-smoking room.
A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. couldn’t D. wouldn’t
10. 情态动词表示猜测
情态动词 推测 意思
①must must + 动词原形 “一定是---”
②may \might may\might +动词原形 “也许是---”
③could could +动词原形 “可能是---”
④can can’t + 动词原形 “不可能是---”
例：①You must be ill. I can see it from your face. (一定是病了，表示对现在的推测)
②John is absent. He may\might be ill. (也许是病了，表示对现在的推测)
③The guitar could be Jim’s. (可能是，表示对现在的推测)
④He can’t be in the room. （不可能是，表示对现在的推测）
1. —Who’s singing in the garden —It be Mr. Brown. He always practices singing at this time.
A. must B. can’t C. need
2. —Is the man over there Mr. Brown —It ______ him. He has gone to Brazil to watch the 2014 FIFA World Cup.
A. may not B. can’t be C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t
3. —Bob, where is Linda —She _______ be in the library, but I am not sure.
A. must B. may C. need D. has to
4. — Where are ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )you going this month — We______ go to Xiamen, but we're not sure.
A. needn’t B. must C. might D. mustn't
5. —Is Mr Brown driving here —I’m not sure. He ______ come by train.
A. may B. shall C. need D. must
11. had better +动词原形，表示 “最好做---”。例：You had better take the books away.
否定句：had better + ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )not + 动词原形。例： You had better not take the books away.
12. should + 动词原形，表示“应该做---”。 例：They should finish the homework on time.
shouldn’t 表示“不应该---” 例：They should not finish the homework at school.
1. It’s rather ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hot in the room. You’d better _______ the windows or the door.
A. close B. not to close C. don’t close D. not close
2. A country has dre ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ams. We teenagers ________ also have dreams. With dreams and hard work, anything amazing can be created. A. may B. must C. should
一网打尽：
1. — I know b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y what time you want the project to be done —By the day after tomorrow. you finish it on time A. May; Can B. Must; Need C. Could; Must D. Need; Would
2. —Must I hand in m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y homework now, Mr. Smith —No, you _______.A. can’t B. shouldn’t C. wouldn’t D. needn’t
3. The man is feeling much better now, so you ______ call a doctor. A. needn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t
4. If you _____ smoke, please go outside. A. can B. may C. must D. might
5. Look at the “No parking” sign. You _____park your car here. A. should B. must C. needn’t D. mustn’t
6. —_______ you leave now You only arrived here an hour ago.—Sorry, but so much homework is waiting for me.
A. May B. Must C. Can D. Might
7. Here is my ph ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )one number. You _______ call me anytime you like. A. must B. can C. should D. need
8. —Let’s go climbing, shall we —You ____ be joking! Don’t you know I’m afraid of high places
A. may B. can C. must D. should
9. —Are you intere ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sted in shopping online —Not so much. We ____ see real products but pictures.
A. shouldn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t
10. —Could you please have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a walk with me —Sorry, I ____. I have something important to do now.
A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. can’t D. may not
11. —Lingling, can I u ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )se your e-dictionary —Sure. But you _______ return it after class.
A. must B. can C. may D. would
12. —Look, someo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ne left a book.—Oh, yeah… This book _______ be Kitty’s. Only she likes to read this kind of books.
A. can B. must C. may D. might
13. —Is the long ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )-haired man Bruce —No, it _______ be him. He’s in New York now.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. may not
14. People _______ wai ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t until the traffic becomes green. That’s the traffic rule.
A. must B. can C. need D. may
15. —Li Lei, hurry up! ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )The bus is coming. —Oh, no. We ______ cross the street until the traffic lights turn green.
A. mustn’t B. may not C. needn’t D. have to
16. —How many English wo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rds do you think I should know —As many as you ____. Then you will find reading quite easy.
A. will B. must C. can D. might
17. Excuse me, sir. You ______ open the door before the train stops.
A. mustn't B. needn’t C. may not D. don’t have to
18. You mustn’t go off ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )on your own, because you_______get lost in the mountains.
A. should B. must C. need D. might
19. —Are you in a hurry —NO, I’ve got plenty of time I wait.
A. can B. can’t C. must D. mustn’t
20. —_________ I help you, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) sir —Yes. I want a T-shirt. A. Can B. Should C. Must D. Would
21. —Honey, stay ho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )me before I return. —I ________, mum. A. must B. can C. will D. should
22. —Can I borrow you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r ruler，please —Yes，you . But you must return it to me before lunchtime.
A. have B. can C. must D. used to
23. —Difficulties ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )always go with me! —Cheer up! If God closes a door in front of you, there ______ be a window opened for you. A. would B. must D. could D. can
24. Amy, I hear you’ve got ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) many foreign coins. __ I have a look —Of course, I’ll fetch them for you.
A. May B. Must C. Should D. Need
25. 29. —Honey, how are y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ou feeling now —I am much better, Mum. So you ________ take me to see the doctor.
A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. couldn’t
26. Could you pleas ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e tell me how to improve my spoken English ---Certainly, I_______. A. can B. could C. must
27. ( )Excuse me. How can ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) I get to the railway station ---Turn left and then follow your nose. You _____ miss it!
A. mustn’t B. can’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
28. ( )May I tak ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e my pet dog with me into the cinema ------The rule says no. So you ________.
A. can B. mustn’t C. may
29. ( )Will you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) answer the telephone It ________ be your mother. ------Sorry, I ________. I’m busy.
A. can, mustn’t B. will, can’t C. may, can’t D. need, will
30. ( )Would you plea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )se help me with the questions ---Sorry. You ___ go and ask Mary. She ___ know the answer.
A. must, can B. can, may C. need, can D. must, may
31. ( )Let’s go to the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )concert tonight, Michael! ---Sorry, I _____. I have to help my mother with the housework.
A. mustn’t B. may not C. needn’t D. can’t
32. ( )It seems tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t it is going to rain. You’d better ________ the windows open when you leave the house.
A. not leave B. leave C. not to leave D. to leave
33. ( )Four hundred ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dollars for a pair of shoes! You ________ be joking!
A. may B. can C. need D. must
34. ( )There is somebody at the door. ________ I go and see who it is
A. Shall B. Must C. Will D. Would
35. ( )We ________ fight against pollution. A. may B. should C. mustn’t D. needn’t
36. ( )Is Simon com ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing by train ------He should, but he ________ not. He like s driving his car.
A. may B. shall C. need D. must
37. ( )Will you pleas ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e stay here for the party ---Sorry, I ________. I’ll have to go to an important meeting.
A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. can’t D. won’t
38. ( )________ I hav ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e to show the school report to my parents, Miss King! ------Yes, you do.
A. Must B. Do C. Can D. May
39. ( )You must com ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e back every month. ------Yes, I ________. A. will B. must C. should D. can
40. ( )Tom, you _______ play with the knife．You______ hurt yourself．B
A. won't; can't ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. mustn't; may C. shouldn't; must D. can't; should
41. ( )–I’m af ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )raid I need a pair of glasses. I ____ hardly see the words on the blackboard.--- That’s terrible. You may have got poor eyesight. A. can B. must C. may D. need
42. ( )Last year ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) I ______ drive. I used to take the bus. A. could B. couldn’t C. should D. shouldn’t
43. ( )—______ I tr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y on those shoes in the window —______. They are just on show.
A. Could; Yes, yo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )u can B. Can; Sorry, you couldn’t C. Could; Sorry, you can’t D. Can; Yes, you could
44. ( )---Have you he ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ard that some bad thing would happen in 2012 ---Don't worry! The news_____ be true.
A. mustn't B. may not C. needn't
45. ( )Drivers _______wear the safety belt when driving. This is the traffic rule. A. can B. may C. will D. must.
46. Peter , we need to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )clean the house. Could you please ( sweep ) the floor
47. If you don’t tel ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l me what the problem is, I can’t (help) you.
48. We must the teacher’s instructions when we are in the lab.
49. David can ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) very fast. I’m sure he will win the race at the sports meeting.
50. It’s 11:00 in the evening now. You can’t the last bus.
51. You shouldn’t about your mother. She is OK.
动词与介词、副词等构成的固定短语，叫短语动词。主要有四类：
1、 动词+副词
　有的一般不跟宾语，如go ahead, fall behind, get up, lie down, go up, run out, give in, stay up等；有的可以跟宾语，如put out, carry out, give up, wake up, check in, eat up, fill in, find out, fix up, hand in, mix up, look up, make out, turn down, work out等。
　　注意：宾语是名词时，放在副词前面或后面都可以，但若作宾语的是人称代词时，就只能放在动词和副词之间了。如：
　　We’ve decided to p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ut the meeting off (=put off the meeting) . 我们决定把会议推迟。
　　We’ve decided to put it off. 我们决定将它推迟。(不说put off it)
　　二、动词+介词
　　如ask for, care for, call for, break into, deal with, call on, look for等。后面必须接宾语。如：
　　I don’t care for tea. 我不喜欢喝茶。
　 三、动词+副词+介词
　　如look forward to, put up with, looked up to, go in for, go along with, date back to, look down on, keep up with, add up to, run out of等。如：
　　She soon caught up with us. 她很快赶上了我们。
　　四、动词+名词+介词
　　如take care of, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) pay attention to, make use of, make contribution to做出贡献等。如：
　　Take care of your brother while I am away. 我不在的时候，你要照顾好你弟弟。
动词短语（一）
1. 以break为中心的词组
break out 爆发，发生； ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )起锚 break the law 违反法律 break the record 破记录 break one’s promise 失言
2. 以catch为中心的词组 如果
catch a bus/train 赶汽车/火车 catch a cold 伤风，感冒
catch one’s word 听懂某人的话 catch up with 赶上，追及，追上
take a seat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )就坐 take a shower 淋浴，洗澡take away 拿走，减去；夺去take one’s place 就坐，入坐
take care of 照顾 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) take off 脱去，起飞； take one’s temperature 量体温 take part in 参与，参加
take it easy 别着 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )急 take place = happen 发生 take the place of 代替 take pride in对……骄傲
动词短语（二）
l．动词+about
talk about 谈论　 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) think about 思考 care about 关心，对……有兴趣 bring about 引起，使发生
come about 发生 hear about 听说 worry about 为……担心
2．动词+away
throw away 扔掉 　blow ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) away 吹走 　die away 逐渐消失,减弱 　wash away 冲走　take away 拿走 put away 收拾起来give away 赠送 send away 让走开　
3．动词+back
　 keep back 隐瞒 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，忍住 　 look back(on) 回顾 　 hold back 控制住　　 give back 归还
　 call back 回电话 　　　 take back 拿回，收回
4．动词+for　
　 run for 竞选 　　　ask for 要求得到 　 wait for 等候　　　 stand for 代表，表示
　 long for 渴望 　　　 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )care for 关心，喜欢 　　search for 查找 look for 寻找 　
call for 需要，要求 　　 change…for 用……换 charge…for 收费，要价
5．动词+down
　 burn down 烧毁 br ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eak down 坏了，垮了，分解 　 take down 记下，记录 turn down 调小，拒绝
　 cut down 削减，砍倒 slow down 慢下来 　 put down 记下，写下，镇压
6．动词+at
come at 向…… ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )袭击　shout at 冲(某人)嚷嚷 run at 冲向，向……攻击 work at 干……活动(研究)
look at 看，注视 laugh at 嘲笑 　 knock at 敲(门、窗等) 　 point at 指向 　 smile at 冲(某人)笑 　　　 aim at 向……瞄准　shoot at 向……射击 call sb at 拜访(地点)
7．动词+from
hear from 收到……来信 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )die from 因……而死 keep／stop／prevent…from阻止…… learn from 向……学习　　
8．动词+of
think of 想到 dream ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of 梦到 speak of 谈到 die of 死于 talk of 谈到 hear of 听说 　 complain of 抱怨 　
9．动词+off
　 start off 出发 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) set off 出发 　 leave off 中断 　get off 下车 　take off 脱下，起飞
　 put off 延期，推迟 cut off 切断，断绝 　　fall off 跌落，掉下 keep off 避开，勿走近 　
go off 消失　pay off 还清 　give off 散发出 turn(switch) off 关掉
10．动词+on
depend on 依靠 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )　carry on 继续，进行 keep／go on 继续 spend…on 在……花钱 put on 穿上，上演 　　　　 call on 拜访 　　move on 继续移动，往前走 　feed on 以……为生　　try on 试穿 turn(switch) on 打开
11．动词+out
break out 爆发 point out 指出 　bring out 阐明，使表现出 carry out 执行，进行 help out 救助
set out 出发 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 　work out 算出，想出办法等 　find out 查出，弄明白 give out 散发，分发，用完
look out 当心，提防 　 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hand out 散发 send out 发出，派遣 run out of用完 go out 熄灭
let out 泄漏，发出(声音)，出租 die out 灭绝
12．动词十in
hand in 上交 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )　 drop in 拜访 succeed in 在……获成功 　fill in 填写 call in 召集，来访
13．动词十into
turn into 变成 div ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ide…into 把……分成 　change…into 把……变成 put／translate…into 把……译成
14．动词+over
think over 仔细考虑 go ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )over 审阅，检查，研究 look over 翻阅，检查 get over
15．动词十to
belong to 属 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )于 point to 指向 　turn to 向……求助，查阅 　reply to 答复 get to 到达 　　bring …to…把…带到 agree to 同意 write to 写信给 lead to 导致，通向　add to 增添
16．动词+up
grow up 成长，长大 give up 放弃，献出 build up 建立 set up 架起、建立
put up 搭起，张贴 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )get up 起床，站起 pick up 拾起，用车来接 bring up 抚养 turn up 开大
stay up 挺住，熬夜 take up 开始学，从事，占据 eat up 吃完 　　use up 用完
make up 编造 cut ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) up 切碎 end up 结束 come up 上来，出现 clear up 整理，收拾
look up 查找，找出 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 　　catch up with赶上 　　hurry up 赶快 fix up 修理，安排，装置
keep up 保持 　send ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )up 发射 ring up 打电话 　　open up 开创，开辟
17．动词十through
get through 通过 look through 翻阅，看一遍，仔细查看 　　go through 审阅，检查，学习
18．动词+with
deal with 处理，对 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )付 do with 处理，需要 　　talk with 同……交谈 agree with 同意，与……一致
compare with 与……相比 　　　　cover…with 用……覆盖 begin with 以……开始
end up with 以……结束 supply…with 以……供给 　　provide…with 以……供给
2015年中考英语复习二轮专项练习—动词和动词短语练习
1． It’s too hot, woul ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d you mind the windows A. to close B. closing C. to open D. opening
2．Jenny finished _______ the magazine _____ an autumn morning..
A. read; in B. to read ;in C. reading; on D. reading; in
3．Don’t make Tom ____ the work by himself because he isn’t _______.
A. to do; old ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )enough B. to do; enough old C. do; old enough D. do; enough old
4． We decided ______at home _____ the bad weather..
A. staying ; be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cause B. to stay ; because of C. staying ; because of D. to stay; because
5． I don’t feel li ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ke _____ apples but I would like _______ some bananas.
A. eating; having ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B.to eat; to have C eating; to have D to eat; having
6．—Remember _______ to my daughter's dance show next Friday.
—Of course I will. I' ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )ll never forget _______ her dance for the first time last year.
A. to come, to see B ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). coming, to see C. to come, seeing D. coming, seeing
7．–I feel like __ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )___basketball, so I decide ________basketball tomorrow.
A. play; to play ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. playing; playing C. playing; to play D. to play; to play
8． –Where did yo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )u go _____vacation, Lana --I went to Guizhou ______my family.
A. of; with B. on; for C. on; with D. on; of
9．Tom __________ fishing, but he doesn’t like eating fish. A. like B. enjoy C. enjoys D. likes to
10．Please _______ the picture, can you ______ a bird A. look; see B. see; look at C. look at; see D. see; look
11．Tom often tells lie ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s, but they always make us . A. believe B. to believe C. believes D. believing
12． We will have 7 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) days ______during National Day. A. rest B. leave C. holiday D. off
13． This kind of frui ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t____________ . A. taste sweetly B. looks well C. sounds beautiful D. tastes delicious
14． Students in the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ) USA spend ______ time _____their homework than we do.
A. little, to do B. little, doing C. less, doing D. less, do
15． Our teacher tells ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )us ________ in the street. A. not play B. not to play C. to not play D. don't play
16．I can’t _______French. Please _____ it in Chinese. A. say, tell B. speak, talk C. talk, tell D. speak, say
17． Mum like ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s _______ TV these days because there are ________ advertisements.
A. watching; less B ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). looking at; fewer C. seeing; fewer D. watching; fewer
18． ---How muc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h _____ the elephant ______ ---Perhaps the ______ of it is 2 tons.
A. is, weigh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ); weight B. does weight; weigh C. is, weight; weigh D. does, weigh, weight
19．You can go and ask ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )my mother. She is willing ______ you _______ your English.
A. help; in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. to help; with C. helping; for D. for helping; at
20． Mr Smith together ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )with his two children ________ early every morning.
A. practice running ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. practices running C. practice to run D. practices to run
动词填空
21．He has mo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )re difficulty than Bruce __________ (control) his actions.
22．Someone broke into ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Granny Li’s home yesterday. Luckily, she _______(walk) her dog nearby.
23．Lily works 10 hours a day and she ________(pay) 1,000 yuan a week.
24．Our teache ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r is happy because the rest of her students __________(pass) the exam as well.
25．Finally, he had ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )no choice but _________ (accept) the fact that he failed the maths exam.
26．When he go ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t there, he found the bad living environment they were used to ______(improve) a lot in the past two years.
27．Children, be quie ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )t.. Mr Lee __________(disturb) if you talk so noisily.
28．The teacher told me ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) I ___________ (be) better at English if I tried my best.
根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
29．I often go __________ (swim) in my free time.30．—Where is your bedroom —It’s on the __________ (two) floor.
31．Look! The ___________（child）are playing games under the tree.
32．Turn right at th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )e first __________（cross）and you’ll see the hospital.
33．The life in the countryside is __________ (noisy的反义词).
用be 填空
34．Millie _____________ a student. 35．Jim and Lily ____________ my classmates.
36．My parents ___________ very busy every day. 37．I ___________ an English boy.
38．What ___________ your father 39．The light ___________ red.
40．My name ______________Li Lei. 41．The girl__________ Lucy's sister.
42．There _________some fans in our class. 43．There _________ a big desk for the teachers.
44．He is good at_______（play）the piano.
根据句意,用所给动词的适当形式填空。
45．Time seems _______(go) faster when I am watching TV.
46．Her smiling face always makes us __________ (feel) very happy.
47．If you ____________ (not be) careful, you’ll make many mistakes.
48．Is Peter w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )illing __________(share) his computer with his best friend, Daniel
49．Listen! How beautiful the music ___________ (sound)!
根据句意用括号中动词的适当形式填空，使句子的意思完整、正确。
50．The woman put on her hat and_______(go )away．
51．He won’t go to the cinema because he________(see) the film．
52．Just a minute! My brother_______(wash) his car in the garden．
53．While he _______(ride)his bike, he fell off and broke his right arm．
54．She said she________(teach )Korean for quite some time．
根据括号内的英(汉)语提示，完成句子。
55．The people in our ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )____________(neighbor) are very kind and helpful.
56．Excuse me, sir, but you ___________(不允许)to smoke here.
57．Guilin is a ____________(漂亮的)city, and many visitors come there every year.
58．If everyone ____________(遵守) the traffic rules , there will be fewer accidents.
59．Look, the baby i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )s __________ (wake). He is looking at us with a smile.
60．While the girl (shop), the alien got out.
61．He hasn’t told the (true). He is lying.
62．— he (go) to an amusement park —Yes, he did.
63．— What does she ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )like for lunch — She likes hamburgers, salad and some (鸡肉).
根据句子意思，用所给单词的正确形式填空 (共5小题，每小题1分，计5分)
64．Danny is used to ________in this city. ( live)
65．There is a fork and two ________on the table. ( knife )
66．The park is _______ at this time of week. There are only few old people taking a walk.(crowd)
67．Could you please _______ me with my English ( help)
68．I prefer_____(stay) at home to________(go)swimming.
用所给动词的适当形式填空：
69．I ____________ (know) the p lace for many years.
70．Where is my pen ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )How strange! It ____________ (be) here just a moment ago.
71．He will give th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )e book back to you if he _________ (finish) reading it tomorrow.
用下列词的适当形式填空.
72．My parents got ______________ (marry) in 1992.
73．We should ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )make laws to prevent the water ________________ (pollute).
74．Older people used to ____________ (see) the films on the square.
根据汉语提示写出词组。
75．My sister_________ _________ her bike yesterday.(从……摔下)
76．__________ it _________ (仔细考虑) before you make an important decision.
77．When Jeff hear ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )d his elder brother lost his life in an accident, his eyes ___________ ___________(充满；装满) tears.
78．What about ___________ Jane a ___________ (给……一个惊喜)
79．I （不再）spend too much time on computer games.
根据句子意思，用所给单词的适当形式填空，将答案写在答卷上。（每小题1分）
80．Help 　　　　　(you) to some fish, kids.
81．We were 　　　　　(deep) moved by the story.
82．What is the 　　　　　(high) of this building
83．After a l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ong cold winter, the little bear appeared hungry and 　　　　　(healthy).
84．Do you feel much 　　　　　(good) now, Tom
86．Would you mind 　　　　　(offer) your seat to the old
87．I really don’t know how 　　　　　(solve) the problem.
88．It is blowing heavily outside. Please keep the door 　　　　　(close).
89．We must finish the project in two 　　　　　(week) time.
选择题：
1. — When can I see the doctor, madam
— Let me see. Sorry, you ____________ your turn, so you’ll have to wait again.
A. are missing B. have missed C. will miss D. missed
2—Why is your bedroom so dirty
—Sorry, Mum. It _____________. I felt very tired after playing soccer.
A. isn't cleaned ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. didn't clean C. doesn't clean D. wasn't cleaned
3. — Could you tell me what he said just now
—Sorry, I_____________ what was happening outside.
A. had thought B. was thinking C. thought D. think
4. —Be quiet! The baby _______in the next room. —Oh, sorry.
A. sleeps B. slept C. is sleeping D. was sleeping
5. Lucy ______ a student last year, but now she ______a teacher.
A. is; is B. was； is C. was； will be D. is； was
6. —Were you at hom ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e at 9:00 last night I called you but nobody answered. —Sorry，I ______ at that time.
A. take a shower ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. took a shower C. was taking a shower D. has taken a shower
7. —Mum, I can't find my shoes. —Hurry up! Your father ______ for us.
A. is waiting B. waited C. waits D. will wait
8—I was at the cine ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ma at nine o’clock yesterday evening. What about you —I ________ TV at home.
A. am watching B. was watching C. will watch D. watched
9.Mr Wang isn’t he ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re ,I think he_______ Guiyang. A. has gone to B. has been to C. goes D. went
10.-- Smoking i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s bad for your health. --You're right. I decide to_________.
A. take it down B. find it out C. turn it off D. give it up
11. --Let's discuss the plan, shall we --Not now. I____ to an interview. A. go B. went C. am going D. was going
12. If more tr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ees ______ planted, our city will be more beautiful. A. were B. are C. will be
13.－Have you ever bee ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n to Shanghai －Yes. I ______ there with my father last year. A. went B. have been C. have gone
14.—Would you like to watch the three-D film Titanic with me
—Certainly. I don’t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) mind seeing it again although I it twice.
A. saw B. was seen C. have seen D. had seen
15. I prefer some shopping to camping since the weather isn’t lovely.[来源:学|
A. do; goin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g B. doing ; go C. do ; go D. doing ; going
16. Excuse m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e, would you mind_______ your voices down, please A. to keep B. keeping C. keep D. kept
17. Mr. Li a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sks the students in the river, because it’s too dangerous.
A. swim B. to swim C. not to swim D. to not swim
18. — Mum, must I sta ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y there the whole day — No, you______. You _______ come back after lunch, if you like.
A. mustn't; can B. needn't; must C. needn't; may
19 Drivers _______wear the safety belt when driving. This is the traffic rule. A. can B. may C. will D. must.
20. —What do you want ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to eat for lunch I will prepare earlier today,
—Honey, you____________. Let's go out to have something different.
A. mustn't B. can't C. shouldn't D. don't have to
A. 填空题：
1．John ________ (spend) the whole day ________ (draw) the house.
2．He said he ________ (come) here as soon as he ________ (can).
3．How soon ________ you ________ (go) to Zhejiang again
4．I’m sure the work ________ (finish) in two weeks.
5．Six percent of the population ________ (be) farmers.
6．The plan ________ (give) up because of rain.
7．—Where is Tom —H ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e _____ (go) to the post office. He said he ________(come) back soon.
8．It ________ (stop) raining when I woke up this morning.
9．—Where were you l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ast night —I ________ (ask) to help Tom at home.
10．Could you tell me if you ________ (read) the story book yet
11．No one except Jim ________ (agree) with you at the meeting.
12．If it ________ (not rain) tomorrow, we ________ (go) fishing.
13．Mary ________ (sing) four songs. Let her have a rest.
14．The cars which ________ (produce) in Hubei Province sell very well.
15．It’s raining ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) hard outside now. I prefer to _______(stay) at home rather than go out.
16．The number of the books in the library ________ (be) large.
17．I hear that they ________ already ________ (go) abroad.
18．She ________ (give) him a call when she gets here.
19．Lucy said tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t her father ________ (work) in Beijing for about two years.
20．They told me that t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hey ________ (have) a sports meeting the next week.