2015年中考英语专题复习导学案：连词

2015年中考英语专题复习导学案：连词
一、并列连词：
（一）连词的概念：
连词是一种虚词，不能担任一个句子成分。连词在句中主要起连接词与词、短语与短语及句子和句子的作用。它主要是包括并列连词和从属连词。
（二）并列连词的分类：
表示意思转折的连词 But, yet, however
表示因果关系的连词 For, so, therefore
其他并列连词 And, or, either…or, neither…nor not only…but also, both…and, as well as
例句：Slow but sure. 要慢而稳。
She’ll be back either this week or next week. 她将在这周或下周回来。
I went and she went also. 我去了，她也去了。
（三）并列连词的用法：
1、 并列连词and和or：
①and 和or 是用得最多的并列连词，可以连接：
a. 两个并列的动词： We were singing and dancing all evening. 整个晚上我们都在唱歌跳舞。
b. 名词、形容词等This apple is big and red. Would you like fish or beef
c. 两个并列的分句（句子） I said it and I meant it. 我说话算数。
②and 可连接两个分句，表示递进关系。
Give him an inch and he will take a mile. 他会得寸进尺。
③or可连接分句，表示“否则”：
Don’t drive so fast or you’ll have an accident. 别开这么快，不然你会出车祸。
2、 表示意思转折的连词：but, yet:
①but和yet的用法：
The weather will be sunny but cold. 天气会晴朗但很冷。
It is strange, yet true. 这很奇怪，却是真的。
②however, still 等为副词，但可起连接作用，表示意思的转折---“但是”或“然而”。
a. however: His firs ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t response was to say no. Later, however, he changed his mind.
b. still: It’s raining; still I’d like to go. 天在下雨，但我还是要去。
③词组all the same:
She is naughty, all the same we have to laugh at her jokes.
3、表示因果的连词：
① for可以表示“因为”，但引导的不是从句，而是并列分句，对前面情况加以解释，常用逗号把它和前面的分句分开，这在书面语中比较多见。
The days were short, for it was now December.
She must have gone out early, for she had not come for breakfast.
② so 表示结果，可译为“因此”、“所以”。
Our cases were heavy, so we took a taxi.
我们的箱子很重，因此我们坐了出租车
③ therefore 为副词，也表示同样的意思---“因此”，可放句前：
He had gone; she therefore gave the money to me.他走了，于是她把钱给了我。
4、both... and 的用法
A man should have both courage and perseverance.一个人既要有勇气又要有毅力。
【难点】
5、就近原则：
1）neither…nor… Neither Lucy nor Lily is a League member.
2）not only…but also… Not only you but also he likes football.
3）either…or… Either Jim or Peter is right.
4）not…but… Not Jim but Peter broke the cup.
6、as well as的用法:
I have read one of his novels as well as a few of his plays.
二、从属连词：
1．分类：
从句种类 主要从属连词
时间从句 when, while, as, before, after,until,till,whenever
条件从句 if, unless
目的从句 in order that, so that
结果从句 so…that, such…that, so that, so
原因从句[来源 because, as, since
让步从句 although, though, even though(if), while
方式从句 as if, as though
地点从句 where, wherever
比较从句 than, as
that, whether, if 等从属连词可引导名词从句，在句中担任主语、宾语等。
2．引导时间状语从句的连词(重点)：
when: Don’t get excited when you talk. 讲话时别激动。
while: We must strike while the iron is hot. 我们要趁热打铁。
as: He smiled as he passed. 他经过时笑了笑。
before: It will ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )be five years before we meet again. 要五年后咱们才能再相见。
after: I’ll tell them after you leave. 我将在你走后告诉他们。
until, till: I pro ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pose waiting till the police get here. 我建议等警察来了再说。
since: How long is it since you came to London 你到伦敦有多久了？
whenever: Whenever it is possible, they play outside. 一有机会他们就到外面玩耍。
3．引导条件状语从句的连词(重点)：
1）条件状语从句主要由if, unless, supposing(suppose)引导：
if: If it rains tomorrow , we will have to stay at home.
unless: I won’t write unless he writes first. 我不写信，除非他先给我写。
2）条件状语从句还有其他形式：(难点)
You will always have a home as long as I have anything.
只要我有家产，你就永远会有一个家。
4．引导目的状语从句的连词：（重点）
in order that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ): I lent him 500 yuan in order that he can go for a holiday.
so that: Ask ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) her to hurry up with the letters so that I can sign them.
5．引导结果状语从句的连词：
1）结果状语从句主要由so…that和such…that 引导：
so…that: He was so fat that he couldn’t get though the door.
such…that: Jim ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) made such a noise that his sister told him to be quiet.
He shut the window with such force that the glass broke.
6．引导原因状语从句的连词：
because: Because it rained he took a taxi. 由于下雨他叫了一辆出租车。
as: As you’re sorry, I’ll forgive you. 既然你悔悟了，我就原谅你。
Since: Since you will go there, I will go too.
7．让步状语从句的连词：
although / though ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ): Though / Although it is not large, the room was light .
even if: They’ll stand by you even if you don’t succeed.
as: You ought to do as I tell you. 你应当照我说的做。
like: She can’t draw like her sister can. 她不能像她姐姐那样画画。
as if / as though:
He looked about as if looking for something. 他四处看了看，仿佛在找什么似的。
9．引导地点状语从句的连词：（难点）
where: I’ll drive you where you’re going. 你到哪儿我都可以开车送你去。
wherever: We’ll go wherever you say. 你说哪里我们就到哪里。
everywhere: Everywher ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e he went, he was introduced as the current US champion.
no matter where:
Keep your mobile phone with you no matter where you are.
10．引导比较状语从句的连词：
than: You sing better than I do. 你的歌唱的比我好。
as: That’s not so simple as it sounds. 那事并不像听起来那么简单。
11． 引导其他从句的连词：
1）引导主语从句和宾语的连词有that和whether, if 可以引导宾语从句：
that: She always complains that he is down on her. 她老是抱怨他看不起她。
whether: I don’t know whether you like flowers. 我不知道你喜不喜欢花。
2）that和whether 还可以引导表语从句：
that: The fact is that he doesn’t really try. 事实是他没有真正去努力。
whether: The point is whether we ought to recommend him.
一、单项选择
1． My grandpa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) learns English for two hours every day, he is over 70. Really We should learn from him.
A. because B. although C. since D. as
2．My father wants me ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )to be a doctor an engineer, I want to be an actor.
A. or; and B. and; but C. and; so D. or; but
3．________the students _______ their English teacher likes watching football games. They often play football after school ,too
A. Both, and B. Not only, but also C. Either, or D. Neither, nor
4．Rick has le ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )arned a lot about Chinese culture he came to China.
A.before B. when C.until D. since
5．This is new TV se ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t,____I don’t like it. A. but B. or C. and D.because
6． Mother wants to spend some time chatting with me _________ she is very busy every day.
A. and B. or C. but D. so
7．My parents want ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ) me to get further study to be ________ an engineer _______ a scientist, ________ I would like to be a famous surgeon doctor.
A. neither; nor; and B. either; or; but
C. not only; but; so D. both; and; or
8．--Mike, please ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )turn down the music; ___ Lucy ____ Lily are sleeping.
--Sorry, I'll do it right away.
A. neither, nor B. either, or C. both, and D. not only, but also
9． ---Would you like to go to the cinema with us
---It sounds like fun, __________ I’m too busy.
A. so B. for C. or D. but
10．--Why do you like going to Kunming for a holiday
---Because the weather there is _____too hot ______ too cold.
A. either…or B. neither…nor C. both…and D. not only…but also
11．When H7N9 bird flu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )first appeared, people didn't know_______ doctors could cure it.
A. if B. that C. what D. why
12．---Hurry up, _____you will miss the school bus.
---I know that, Mum. I’ll be ready in a minute.
A. but B. and C. so D. or
13． Without her glasses, she was ______________ blind.
A. as far as B. as much as C. as good as D. as well as
14．______ you study harder, you’ll fall behind others.
A.Once B.Unless C.Until
15．Li Na is _____ famous ______ all the tennis fans in China know her.
A．too; to B．enough; to C．as; as D．so; that
一、考点梳理
考点一　并列连词　
并列连词按其作用分为表示转折、因果、选择和并列四大类。
1．表示转折关系的并列连词
常见的表示转折关系的并列连词有while，but，yet等，用来连接两个意思不同甚至相反的词、短语或分句。
I was born in Changsha while I grew up in Changchun.我出生在长沙，然而在长春长大。
He wants to go，but his sister wants to stay.他想走，但他妹妹想留下。
2．表示因果关系的并列连词
常见的表示因果关系的并列连词有so，for。
It's raining now，so I have to stay at home.天在下雨所以我不得不待在家里。
I must be away for a week，for I'll fix the machine for a factory.
我必须离开一周，因为要为一家工厂修机器。
3．表示选择关系的并列连词
常见的表示选择关系的并列连词有：or，either...or，otherwise（要不然；否则）。
（1）or的用法
①or意为“或”，表示一种选择。
Would you like tea or coffee 你想喝茶还是咖啡？
②or用在“祈使句＋or...”结构中，其中or在此意为“否则”。
Study hard，or you won't pass the exam.努力学习，否则你就会通不过这次考试。
③or用在否定句中代替and表示并列关系。
The baby can't walk or speak.
这个婴儿既不会走也不会说。
（2）either...or意为“不是……就是……；或者……或者……”，动词与邻近的主语保持一致，即采取“就近原则”。
Either you or he has to go.＝Either he or you have to go.不是你就是他得去。
（3）otherwise意为“要不然；否则”。
We must run，otherwise we'll be too late.我们得跑着去，要不然就太晚了。
4．表示并列关系的连词
常见的表示并列关系的并列连词有：and，not only... but also...，as well as，both...and...，neither...nor...，either...or...，它们用来连接两个并列或对称关系的词、短语或分句。在否定句和疑问句中，常用or，而不用and表示并列关系。
Jim and I are in the same class.吉姆和我在同一个班。
We should not only be cautious but also be brave.我们不仅应该谨慎而且应该勇敢。
Paul is a writer as well as a teacher.保罗既是一个作家又是一位教师。
Both you and she are right.你和她都对。
Neither you nor I am to blame.你和我都不应受责备。
Come to see Tom either today or tomorrow.今天或明天来看汤姆吧。
not only A but also B中，强调的对象是B；而在句型A as well as B中强调的对象是A。
考点二　从属连词　
从属连词通常引导一个从句，修饰主句。一般可分为引导名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句或表语从句等）的从属连词和引导状语从句的从属连词。
1．引导名词性从句的从属连词主要有that（那），if（是否），whether（是否）等。
It hasn't been decided when the sports meeting will be held.
运动会什么时候举行还没定。（引导主语从句）
I don't know if he will come tomorrow.
我不知道他明天是否来。（引导宾语从句）
The problem is that I don't have enough money.问题是我没有足够的钱。（引导表语从句）
三、综合训练（50个题目）
A. 选择题：
( ) 1. —Oh, I fa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )iled again —Don’t lose heart. One more effort, _______ you will succeed.
A. so that B. therefore C. however D. and
( ) 2. Stop ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cutting trees, _______ the earth will become worse and worse.
A. and B. but C. or D. the
( ) 3. Bob didn’t go to bed _____ he finished his wok.
A. until B. after C. while D. when
( ) 4.My br ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )other is going to look for another job____ the company offers him more money.
A. after B. when C. unless D. besides
( ) 5. _____ he is over sixty, he works as hard as others
A. If B. because C. As soon as D. Although
( )6．Little Helen is very young, ______she knows a lot of things.
A. but. B. as soon as C.so D.since
( ) 7. His father was reading a newspaper _____ his mother was cooking.
A. after B. before C. while D. as soon as
( ) 8. Mr. White ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )was taking a shower _____ the UFO landed on the street.
A. where B. while C. when D. whether
( ) 9. The girl ____ is reading under the tree is my sister.
A. which B. whom C. who D. who
( ) 10.Mary likes music ____ is quiet and gentle.
A. that B. which C. where D. who
( ) 11.The monkey was____ funny that everybody laughed.
A. so B. such C. very D. who
( ) 12.She is _____a lovely girl that everybody likes her.
A. so B. such C. very D. who
( ) 13.I got up early ______ I could catch the early bus.
A. that B. such that C. because D.so that
( ) 14.I have lived in Shanghai_____ 1998.
A. in B.since C.for D. while
( ) 15. You can’t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) have them both. You can choose____ the kite____ the toy car，” said Mother.
　 A. either； or B. both； and C. not only； but also
( )16. I could ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) speak____ Japanese ____Chinese，so I had to talk with him in English.
　　 A. not only； b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ut also B. both； and 　　C. neither； nor D. either； or
( ) 17. ---What do you like doing after class
----I like not only reading _____ drawing.
A. and B. or C. but also D. for
( ) 18. ______ you don’t go to bed earlier, you will feel tired in the morning.
A. Unless B. If C. Though D. Until
( ) 19.The expert _________visited our school is from Australia.
A. which B. who C. where D. when
( )20.Nico ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tine(尼古丁) is a drug ________gets one into the habit of smoking.
A. it B. who C. that D. when
( ) 21 We love spr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing _______there are beautiful flowers everywhere.
A. although B. because C. but D. or
( ) 22. Mary ordere ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d an MP3 player from internet _________she could save a lot of time.
A. so that B. though C. in order to D. as soon as
( ) 23 Bob spends a lot of money on books________he is not rich.
A. if B.though C. because D. but
( ) 24. Have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) you ever read the book “Harry Potter” ________was written by J.K Rowling
A. that B. when C. who D. what
( ) 25. _______ the lady was very rich, she always felt unhappy.
A. Unless B. Though C. If D. Because
( ) 26. They were later for school ________they missed the 7:00 bus.
A. when B. because C. though D. so that
( ) 27. Mike d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )id something wrong, _______ the headmaster is talking with him.
A. so B. but C. and D. or
( ) 28. There were ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )so many beautiful dresses that I didn’t know _______to choose.
A. where B. which C. how D. why
( ) 29. This is not my book. Do you know _______ it is
A. what B. which C. who D. whose
( ) 30. John fell asleep ________ he was listening to the music.
A. after ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. before C. while D. as soon as
B. 填空题：
31. He must be out, _________ the door is locked.
32. You should hurry up, ________you’ll miss the train.
33. Charles didn’t want to watch that TV program, ______.
34. Get up early, ________ you’ll arrive there on time.
35. You can ask me questions _______in class _______after class.
36.-I can’t remember his name.-__________ can I.
37. The expert(专家) _________visited our school is from Australia.
38. Maggie ______ ________ _________Betty is interested in dance.
39. She was very tired,_______ she still kept on working.
40. It snowed heavily this Spring Festival, _________thousands of tourists had to stay in Shanghai to spend the holiday.
41. I won’t wait for him _______ he rings me tomorrow.
42. _______it doe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sn’t rain tomorrow , we will have a picnic near the sea.
43. The book is ______ _______interesting ________that one.
44. ________I ca ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )me into the office , the teachers were having a meeting.
45. Mr. Li raised h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is voice ________ ________we could hear him clearly.
46. ______ it rains, we’ll go for a picnic.
47. John is ________fat ________he couldn’t go through the door.
48. ________he left school, he became a famous artist.
49. They are still planting trees at the foot of hill_______it is raining now.
50. I don’t know ________she did such a foolish thing.
51． I have been collecting stamps______I was nine years old.
A．before　　　　　　B．if　　　　　　　C．since
52． I bought a new shirt for John，______ he didn't like it.
A．because B．and C．but
53． Hurry up，______ you will miss the train.
A．and B．so C．or
54． The water her ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e is polluted ______ even the animals can't drink it.
A．so B．because C．though
55． Help others whenever you can______ you'll make the world a nicer place to live in.
A．or B．and C．but
56． Wang Dong didn't go to school yesterday ______ he was ill.
A．so B．if C．because
57．—How was your c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )limbing Mount Huang —I didn't believe I could do it ______I got to the top.
A．until B．while C．after
58． Teresa is ______ nervous ______ she can't talk in front of the class.
A．such；that B．too；to C．so；that
59． “You can ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )'t have them all.You can choose _____the kite _____ the toy car，”said the mother.
A．either；or B．not only；but also C．both；and
60．—Bill，please turn down the music，______Mom ______Dad are sleeping.
—Sorry，I'll do it right away.
A．neither；nor B．either；or C．both；and
1.She tried hard ___________ she failed.
2. Be quick, _________he’ll be angry.
3.You may _________ do it yourself _______ leave it to me.
4. you she are right.
5. Did you ever think about what you want to be ________ you grow up
6.________ you __ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )______ he was here yesterday. They were at the cinema.
7. You can _______eat it at home _____ in the open air. Either is OK.
8. Use your head, _______ you’ll have a way.
9. She’s _______ our teacher _______ our friend.
10. It will be five years ______we meet again
11. He was ill, _________he was taken to the hospital.
12. She fini ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )shed the work quite quickly, ________didn’t do it very well.
13. You may have ______ a cup of tea _______ a glass of water.
14. Have a rest and take this medicine, _________ you will be worse.
15. I’ll phone you ________ I get the news.
16. Don’t leave the room ________ you have finished the test.
17. The volleyball match will be put off ________ it rains tomorrow.
18.. ________ John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.
19. ________ bad weather stops me, I go for a walk every day.
20. It began to rain ________ I arrived home.
so as well as either…or and neither
or either because but who
when so that so…that if although
not as…as after unless why after