2015年中考英语专题复习导学案：时态专题
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2015年中考英语专题复习导学案：时态专题
一、一般现在时
注：当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词需加-s或-es：
规则1. _____________________2. _________________________3. _______________________
注意：动词have的第三人称单数是has.
写出下列动词的单数第三人称形式。
1. cook _______2.watch__ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_____3.build_______4.have_______5.wash______ 6. enjoy ______7. go _______
8 receive _____9 cry_ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )____10. close _______11. drive ______12. choose ______13. play ________14. reach _____
一般现在时的用法：
1. 表经常发生的事情、存在的动 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )作或状态，常用的频度副词有： always、often、 usually、seldom、never。 Eg. She often sings with the band Crazy Boy.
2.表内心活动感情等 eg. I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )don't think you are right.
3.描述客观真理、自然现象、格言警句等 eg. Birds fly in the sky.
Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。
4.表计划或预定的行为但只限于st ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )art, begin, leave, go, come, arrive, return, take place等。
eg The train leaves at 9:00 tomorrow morning.
5. 表示现在的状态。My father works in a factory. He is very busy.
6. 表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。Ann writes good English but does not speak well.
具体情况（主要用于下面几情况）
1) 描述当前时间内经常出现、反复发生的动作或存在的状态。
在这种情景中，句子常带有表示频率的时间状语 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )：always , everyday , often , once a week (month , year , etc.) , sometimes , seldom , usually等等，以表示句中的动作或状态是习惯性的、经常性的。例如：
2.We grow b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eautiful flowers. (she)
3.They lik ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e collecting stamps. (Ben)
4.I listen to music carefully. (my aunt)
5.You like making a model ship. (Helen)
3）写出下列动词的相应形式
II. 用所给动词的适当形式填空：
1．I ________(write) to you as soon as I _______(get) to London.
2. He doean't feel ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) well and ____________(not eat) any food this morning.
3. He _____ not __ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )____(see) me come in, for he ______(read) something with great interest.
4. I _________(l;et) you have the book as soon as I _________(finish) it.
5. While we ________(wait) for our teacher, a little boy ______(run) up to us.
III单项选择：
1.The students ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )will go to the Summer Palace if it _____ tomorrow. A.don't rain B. doesn't rain C. won't rain
2. There ___an English film next week. A. will have B. is going to have C. is going to be D. was going to be
3. The picture _______ nice. A.looks B.is looked C.look D.is looking
4. She ______ down and soon fell asleep. A. live B. lain C. laid D. lay
5. They _____ the office at nine yesterday morning. A. reached to B. arrived C. went D. get to
6. We shall go to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Shanghai on business before you _____ back next week.
A. wil come B. came C. would come D. come
7. Don't smoke until the plane ______ off. A.takes B. took C.was taken D.is take
8. I saw her ____ the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) room this morning. A.to enter B. entered C. enter D. enters
9.the teacher ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )asked us ______ to school on time. A. to come B.coming C.come D.comes
10. John is always ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )______ others. A. help B. helping C. helps D. to help
二、一般过去时
时间状语：ago, yesterday ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long等。
2.动词原形以ow／aw结尾，过去式常变为ew。
know—knew, grow—grew, throw—threw, draw—drew等。
但是也有一些例外，例如：show—showed。
3.许多动词只要将动词原形中的元音字母i改为a，就可变为过去式。
begin—began, give—ga ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve, sing—sang, swim—swam, sit—sat, drink—drank, ring—rang
但是win—won例外。
4．有些动词的过去式以o(a)ught结尾。
bring—brought, buy—bought, think—thought, catch—caught, teach—taught
上述动词过去式究竟是以ought还是augh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t结尾，只要记住“有a则a，无a则o”即可。 即:原形中有a的，过去式变为aught，否则为ought。
5．以eep结尾的动词，常将eep改为ept构成过去式。
keep—kept, sleep—slept, sweep—swept
一般过去时的用法
1）表示过去某个时间所发生的动作或存 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语yesterday, last week, an hour ago, just now, the other day, in 1982等连用。在一般过去式中，要表达“过多少时间之后”，一般用after。
Where did you go just now After a few years, she started to play the piano.
2）表示在过去，经常或反复发生的动作。常与often, always等表示频度的副词连用。
When I was a child, I often played football in the street.
3）表示过去连续发生的一系列动作。
The students got up early in the morning, did morning exercises and then read English aloud in the open air.
4）有些发生时间不是很清楚的情况，实际是过去发生的，也应用过去时态。
How nice to see you here! I thought you were out.
另外，还可用过去时表示委婉的语气。e.g. Could you lend me your pen
特殊用法（一般过去时表现在）
(1) 在宾语从句中，由于时态呼应的关系，可用一般过去时表示现在：
I didn’t know you were here. 我不知道你在这儿。(were实际上指现在)
I didn’t know you were so busy．我没想到你这么忙。(were实际上指现在)
(2) 表示客气委婉的现在：
I wondered if you were free this evening. 不知您今晚是否有空。
I thought you might like some flowers. 我想您也许想要些花。
【注】能这样有的动词主要限于want, wonder, think, hope, intend等少数动词。
(3) 用于某些特殊结构中表示现在：
It’s time we started. 我们该动身了。
I wish I knew his name. 要是我知道他的名字就好了。
I’d rather you lived closer to us. 我希望你能住得离我们近点。
【注】该用法主要用于 it’s time, I wish, I’d rather, if only, as if, 等少数结构后接从句的情形，其中有些结构后面的句子还可用一般过去时表示将来：
I’d rather you came next Monday. 我宁愿你下周星期一来。
另外表主观想法的虚拟条件句也用一般过去时表示现在：
If I had the money now I’d buy a car. 假若我现在有钱，我就买辆小汽车。
练习： 1. —Did your brother go to America last year —_____________
A. No , he did neve ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r go there B. No , he has never gone here C. No , he never was there D. No , he’s never been there
2. -- I’m sorry you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )have missed the bus. It_________ five minutes ago.
-- What a pity! ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) A. was leaving B. has left C. left D. leaves
3. --Mr. Johnson, we have found your watch. --My watch！Thank you. Where____ it
A. do you find B. have you found C. did you find D. were you finding
4. Last week John _____his leg. A. felt and broken B. fell and broke C. feels and breaks D. fallen and broken
5. Jack_________ his thick coat because it was snowing.
注意：1、时间，条件状语从句中，从句一般是主将从现。
If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we’ll go camping.
2、There be结构的一般将来时（近主语原则）
There will be
There is/are going to be
具体情况（主要用于下面几情况）
主要用来描述将要发生的动作或存在于未来的情况。这里所说的“将来时间”是指“说话、写文章那一刻以后的时间”。它的表示方法主要有如下几种：
1）shall / will + ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )动词原形这种表示方法是说，动作在现在或目前还未发生，要在将来的某个时间内发生；它没有主观性，是“纯粹的将来动作”。例如：
I shall / will not be free tomorrow .我明天没空。
2) be( am / is / are ) + going +不定式
这种表示方法主要是说明 A）“说话人的意图、打算”；B）“某种可能性”。例如：
A) He is going to spend his holidays in London . 他打算在伦敦度假。
B) It is going to rain soon .马上要下雨了。
3) 用一般现在时或现在进行时（限于某些动词）表示按计划安排要发生的事。主要强调“按计划安排要发生的事”。
The plane takes off at 11:00 a.m. 那架飞机上午十一点起飞。
练习：1. Mr. Smith_______ a talk on country music next Monday.
3Mary's birt ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hday is next Monday, her mother _____（give）her a present.
4. It is very cold these days. It ______（snow）soon.
5 I am afraid there ______（be）a meeting this afternoon. I can't join you.
6. Mike ______（believe, not）this until he ______（see）it with his own eyes.
7. Most of us don't think their team ______（win）.
四、把下列各句译成英语
1．我叔叔今晚要来。
2．他没有打算住那座小屋。
3．我们要读这本书。
4．-你爸爸要去钓鱼吗？-不，他要去游泳 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。
四、过去将来时
时间状语： tomorrow, next d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ay(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.
基本结构 would, was/were going to, was/were to， was/were about to等+do
基本用法
1. 宾语从句或间接引语中
eg He didn't expect that we would all be there.
2.表示过去习惯性的动作
eg During that period, he would do this every day.
3.表示过去的愿望、倾向，多用于否定句om]
A) She told me that she would go on trip to Europe the next day.
她告诉我，她第二天要去欧洲旅行。
He didn't expect that we would all be there. 他没料到我们会全在那儿。
B) During that period , he would do morning exercises every day.
在那段时间，他每天早锻炼。
Whenever he ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )had time, he would help his mother with some housework. 无论他什么时间有空,他总是帮他妈妈干点家务活。
C) No matter how difficult the work was , he would keep on doing it until he accomplished it . 不管工作有多难，他总会坚持不懈地把它干完。
练习题I. 选择填空
1. Li Ming said he _____happy if Brian_____to China next month.
A. as; come ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. was; would come C. would be; came D. will be; come
2. Jenny said she _____her holiday in China.
A. spent B. woul ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d spent C. was going to spent D. would spend
3. —What did your son say in the letter
—He told me that he ______ the Disney World the next day.
A. will visit B. has visited C. is going to visit D. would visit
4. I hoped Tina ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) ______ to my birthday party on time the next Wednesday.
A. to come B. is coming C. will come D. was coming
5. Father said that he ______ me to Beijing the next year. A. took B. would take C. takes D. will take
6. We were not sure whether they ______ more vegetables.
A. are going to grow B. were going to grow C. will grow D. have grown
7. She ______ to wo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rk when the telephone rang. A. is going B. will go C. was about to go D. is to go
II. 用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. Miss Zhang said she ________(visit) the Great Wall next summer.
2. She told him that she ________(not stay) here for long.
3. I wasn’t sure whether Lucy_______(come) the next year.
4. The scientists said the world’s population _______ (slow) down in future.
5. She said the bus _______(leave) at five the next morning.
6. I wasn't sur ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e whether he _______(lend) me his book the next morning.
7. He was fifty-six. In two years he _______(be) fifty-eight.
8. Whenever she has time, she ______(help) them in their work.
五、现在进行时
时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc.
注：动词V-ing的构成形式
1.____________________________________2.____________________________________
3.____________________________________4.____________________________________
写出下列动词的现在分词形式。
1、shop 2、relax 3、jump 4、make 5、have 6、talk
7、tie 8、run 9、swim 10、cry 11、come 12、watch
现在进行时的用法：
1) 表示现在（指说话人说话时）正在发生或进行的动作。常与now,right now,at this moment等时间状语连用。 例如： We are waiting for you now. 我们正在等你。
2) 表示现阶段（说话前后一段时间内），一直在进行的活动。说话时动作未必正在进行。
例如：Mr. Green ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is writing another novel. 他在写另一部小说。（说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。）
He is thinking about this problem these days.这些天来他一直在考虑这个问题。
3) 表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，常与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，往往带有说话人的赞许、批评等主观色彩。
例如：You are always changing your mind. 你老是改变主意。
4) 表示渐变，这样的动词有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。
例如：The leaves are turning red. 叶子在变红。
It's getting warmer and warmer.天越来越热了。
5) 表示一个在最近按计划或安排要 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )进行的动作。多有一个表示未来时间的状语。这种情况仅限于少量动词，如：go , come , leave ,arrive , see , have , lunch( 吃午饭 ) , return, dine ( 进餐，尤指晚餐 ) , work , sleep , stay , play , do , wear( 穿，戴 ) 等。等。
例如：--Tom, supper is ready. Come quickly. -OK. I'm coming.
注意：表示状态和感觉的动词如果指现在情况的话，一般不用于进行时，而要用一般现在时。这样的动词有love, like, hate, want, hope, need, wish, know, understand, remember, belong, hear, see, seem, have(有), sound(听起来), taste（尝起来）等。
练习：
1. --Where's you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r mother, Helen --She________ the flowers in the garden.
A. waters B. watered C. is watering D. has watered
2. --Hurry up! It's time to leave. --OK, ________.
A. I'm coming B. I'll come C. I've come D. I come
3. --Shall we invite Tom to play football now --Oh, no. He his clothes.
A. is washing B. washes C. has washed D. washed
4. --Mum, _______ shall we have lunch --We will have it when your dad_________.
A. when; returns B. where; returns C. where; will return D. when; will return
5. --Tomorrow ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) will be Father's Day. What will you do for your father --I will say "I love you, Daddy" as soon as he _______ up. A. will wake B. is waking C. wakes D. woke
6. Our teacher said light____ faster than sound. A. travelled B. has travelled C. is travelling D. travels
7. --Let's go f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ishing if it _______ this weekend. --But nobody knows if it_______.
A. is fine, will rain B. will be fine, rains C. is fine, rains D. will be fine, will rain
8. --Is your father a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )doctor --Yes, he is. He________ in Town Hospital.
A. has worked B. had worked C. works D. worked
9. The sun ______ in the east. A. is always rising B. always is rising C. rises always D. always rises
10. Now h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e ________ a book about New York. I don’t think he will finish it.
A. writes B. wrote C. has written D. is writing
11. Zhang Hu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a a lot of housework every evening, but now he ________his schoolmates with their lessons.
A. does; helps B. does; is helping C. doing; helps D. doing; helping
12. Please don’t leave the office until your friend ____ back. A. came B. comes C. have come D. will come
13. Listen ! Someo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ne ______in the next room . A. cried B. crying C. is crying D. has cried
14.You must tell hi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )m the news as soon as you______ him. A. see B. sees C. will see D. is seeing
15. Bruce often w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rites letters in English. （用now改写句子）
16. Tina often does her homework in the evening.（对划线部分提问）
17. She likes pl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aying volleyball at school. （对划线部分提问）
18. My father is at work.(同义句)
19. Tom is watching ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) TV with his grandpa. （一般疑问句及回答）
20. He works ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in a hospital. （一般疑问句及回答）
特殊用法（现在进行时用法之表将来）
现在进行时表将来，主要表示按计划或安排要发生的动作：
They’re getting married next month. 他们下个月结婚。
现在进行时与一般现在时均可表示将来，区别是：用现在进行时表示将来，其计划性较强，并往往暗示一种意图；而一般现在时表示将来，则其客观性较强，即通常被视为客观事实，多指按时刻表或规定要发生的情况：
I’m not going out this evening. 今晚我不准备出去。
What time does the train leave 火车什么时候开
练习题写出下列动词的现在分词：
play______run__________swim________make_______go________like________write_________read________
have_______sin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g_______dance____put______see_____buy______love__________live______take________
come________get________stop________sit________begin_____shop________
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：
1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now. 2. Listen .Some girls __________( sing)in the classroom .
3. My mother ____________ ( cook )some nice food now. 4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now
5. Look . They _____________( have) an English lesson .
三、句型转换：
1.They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)
①__________________________________________ ②______________________________________
2．I'm playing ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the football in the playground .(改为否定句)___________________________________
3．Tom is reading boo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ks in his study . (改为一般疑问句)___________________________________
四、时态提高题 一.填空题
1．Mr Zheng ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_______________ (read) a book now. 2. The rabbits _________________ (jump) now.
3.. Look ! Tom and John ___________ (swim). 4. My brother __________ (make) a kite in his room now.
5. Look! Th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e bus _______________ (stop). 6. We _______________ (have) an English class now.
7. Listen! Someone is__________________(come). 8. They ___________________(catch) butterflies now.
9. He _______________ (do) an experiment now. 10. They _______________(collect) stamps now.
二、造句
1).she,the window,o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pen,now.(用现在进行时连词成句.)_______________
2).is,who,the window,cleaning (连词成句)______________________
3).She is closing the door now.(改成否定句) ______________________
三、用现在进行时完成下列句子:
1.What_________you__________(do) 2.I_____________(sing) an English song.
3.What________he____________(mend) 4.He______________(mend) a car.
六、过去进行时
时间状语：at this time ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) yesterday, at that time，或以when/while引导的时间状语从句（谓语动词是一般过去时）
过去进行时的用法：
1. 表示在过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在发生的动作。
I was having a shower at that time. 那时我正冲澡。
2. 表示某个短暂性动作发生的背景。
I was reading the newspaper when the doorbell rang.
3. 过去进行时在语境中的运用。
She didn't hear the doorbell. She was listening to the radio.
她没听见门铃响，她在听收音机。
注：与 always, forever, frequently 等副词连用，可表示某种感情的色彩。如：
She was forever complaining. 她老是抱怨。(厌烦)
She was always thinking of others. 她老是想到别人。(赞扬)
4. 在复合句中，若主要动作和背景动作是同时发生的，那么主从句都可用过去进行。
Jenny was reading while Danny was writing.
5. 通常不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有：agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate, have(拥有), hear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, seem, suppose, understand, want, wish等。
例如： 误：I was knowing the answer. 正：I knew the answer. 我知道答案。
误：I wasn’t understanding him. 正：I didn’t understand him. 我不明白他的意思。
6. 用于故事的开头，交代故事发生的背景情况。
过去进行时所描述的动作是“正在进行”，所以，在这种情景中用“过去进行时”可以给读者一种“动感”，从而能使文章更加生动活泼。例如：
One night, h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e was typing in his study. Suddenly, a man broke into his house and cut off the electricity … .一天晚上，他正在书房里打字。突然，一个人闯进屋来，切断了电源……
7. （仅限少数动词）表示在过去的未来时间要发生的动作。
例如：When National Day was coming near , they began to make a plan for the holiday .
国庆节即将来临的时候，他们开始制订度假计划。
She told me that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) she was going to Hainan for her holiday. 她告诉我她将去海南度假。
8. 过去进行时用法之表将来，用过去进行时表示现在，主要是为了使语气委婉、客气。如：
-- Oh, we_______ some shopping in the supermarket.
A. have done B. did C. were doing D. are doing
2. --What do you think of the colour of my new dress
--Sorry, but what did you say I_________ about something else.
A. think B. thought C. am thinking D. was thinking
3. I my homework while my parents TV last night.
A. did; have watched B. was doing; were watching C. had done; were watching D. would do; were watching
4. I called Hannah many times yesterday evening, but I couldn't get through. Her brother ___ on the phone all the time!
A. was talking B. has been talking C. has talked D. talked
5. I don't believe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) you've already finished reading the book—I _____it to you this morning!
A. would lend B. was lending C. had lent D. lent
6. — I saw Jane an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d her boyfriend in the park at eight yesterday evening.
— Impossible. She TV with me in my home then.
A. watched B. had watched C. would watch D. was watching
7. — What do you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )think of the movie — It's fantastic. The only pity is that I __________ the beginning of it.
一、用动词的适当形式填空
1. While we __________ (wait) for the bus, a girl __________ (run) up to us.
2. I __________ (telephone) a friend when Bob __________ (come) in.
3. Jim __________ (jump) on the bus as it __________ (move) away.
4. We ________ (test) the new machine when the electricity _______ (go) off.
5. She ________ (not want) to stay in bed while the others ________ (all, work) in the fields.
二、 选择题 1.I ______ cooked a meal when you _____ me.
a. cooked ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), were ringing b. was cooking, rang c. was cooking, were ringing d. cooked, rang
2.He said h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e _____ to draw a plane on the blackboard at that time. a. tries b. tried c. was trying d. will try
3.While she ______ TV, she ______ a sound outside the room.
a. was watchin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g, was hearing b. watched, was hearing c. watched, heard d. was watching, heard
4.They _____ a football game from 7 to 9 last night.
a. were watchin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g b. watch c. watched d. are watching
5.What book ____ you ______ when I ____ you at four yesterday afternoon
a. did, read, w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as seeing b. did, read, saw c. were, reading, saw d. were, reading, was seeing
6.It was Friday evening. Mr and Mrs. Green ___ ready to fly to England. a. are getting b. get c. were getting d. got
7.Lei Feng _____ always _____ of others when he ______ in the army.
a. is, thinking, was b. was, thinking, is c. did, think, is d. was, thinking, was
8.A girl ______ my pen fall off the table when she _____ me.
a. saw, passed b. was seeing, passed c. was seeing, passed d. was seeing, was passing
9.We ____ for tom at ten last Sunday. He often kept us ______.
a. were waiting, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) waiting b. were waiting, wait c. waited, waiting d. waited, wait
10.He ____ his father on the farm the whole afternoon last Saturday.
a. helps b. would help c. was helping d. is helping
七、现在完成时
时间状语：recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.
动词过去分词的构成：
动词过去分词的规则变化与过去式的规则变化相同；不规则变化的需要我们单独记忆，记住常见动词的过去分词，例如：
do see ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) say hear go have sleep find get cut put eat buy come
read spend ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) pay think bring tell
现在完成时的用法：
1.表示过去发生或已经完 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与already, yet, ever, never, just，before 等词连用。
You have already grown much taller.
2、表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，并可能还要延续。往往和表示一段时间的时间状语连用，常用的有：for＋一段时间；since+过去时间点或从句。（Since 用来说明动作起始时间，for用来说明动作延续时间长度），提问用How long.
It has been five years since he joined the army .
They have learned English for nine years .
3、现在完成时需注意的问题：
1）表示短暂性的动词（瞬间动词）不能与表示一段时间的状语连用
注意：非延续性动词（瞬间动词）的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动
作不发生的状态是可以持续的。
（错）I have received his letter for a month.
（对）I haven't received his letter for almost a month.
2）不能和明确的过去时间状语连用，如：yesterday, last week, in 1998,two days ago等。
3）have/has been to 和have/has gone to 的区别：
have/ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s been to have/has gone to
4）比较一般过去时与现在完成时
一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或状态，强调动作，不和现在发生
联系，常与具体的过去时间状语连用，如yesterday, last week，…ago, in 1980, in October, just now等，；现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况，不能与表过去的时间状语连用。
I saw this film yesterday. （强调看的动作发生过了）
I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了）
Why did you get up so early （强调起床的动作已发生过了）
He has been a League member for three years. （强调他是团员）
练习：1. You have _____ a tall young man. A. grown B. grown into C. grew D. grown up
2. He has ____ the watch for a year. A .buy B. bought C. have D. had
3. I _____this book for two weeks, I have to return it now.
A. borrowed B. have borrowed C. kept D. have kept
4. Have you ever ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_____to the Great Wall It's very beautiful. A. gone B. been C. went D. go
5. Her brother _____the Party since 1978. A. joined B. has joined C. has been in D. was in
6. The Greens ___many places of interest since they came to China.
3) 有些动词表示无法持续的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )动作，它们一般不宜用于进行时态中。这类动词常见的有：be , believe , consist , find , forget , hate , have , hope , hear , know , like , love , notice , prefer , remember , see , seem , smell , suggest , taste , understand , want , wish , sit down , stand up 等等。
Be动词若是用于进行时态，可表示暂时、短暂的情况或表现。例如：
Tom is being a good boy today .汤姆今天很乖。
He is being childish .他这样做是耍孩子气。
You are not being modest .你这样说不太谦虚。
4）关于现在完成时的时间状语问题
A. 凡是"完成时态"都表示，不知 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )道也不管动作发生的具体时间, 所以在使用现在完成时的句子里，不可以带有表示具体过去时间的状语，如：yesterday , last week ( month , year , etc. ) , two weeks ago , in 1999等；但常和有些副词连用，如： just , before , already , often , never , ever , not…yet , always等等。
B. 在以when提问的特殊疑问中不 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )能用现在完成时。另外，ago不能用于现在完成时的句子里，因为它表示从现在算起的以前某个时间，属于表示具体过去时间的状语。但是可以用before 来表示"以前"的意义，因为它只表示"以前"，而不知什么时候的以前。
C. 如果是不表示连续性 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的动词用于现在完成时的句子，不可以和以for表示的"一段时间"的状语连用。在这种情况下，应该用"It has been … ；since…"的句式来表达。如：
He has joined the army for five years. （错误）
It has been five years since he joined the army.（正确）
特殊用法（现在完成时用法之常用词语）
1. 在下列5种情形下用现在完成时态
1十一词语
①already已经 肯 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )定句中或句尾例: I have already found my pen. = I have found my pen already.
②yet已经 否定句和疑问句句尾 例：I have not finished the work yet.
Have you bought a computer yet
③ever曾经 句中 例：Have you ever seen pandas
④never从不 句中 例：I have never been to Beijing.
⑤just刚刚 句中 例：I have just done my work.
⑥before以前 句尾 例：I have never been there before.
⑦so far到目前为止 例：So far he has learnt 200 words.
⑧how long多久 例：How long have you lived here
⑨how many times多少次 例：How many times has he been to Beijing
⑩in the past … years(在过去…年中)：
In the past two years I’ve seen him little. 过去两年我很少见到他。
I have been here (for) the last month. 最近一个月里我都在这儿。
【注】在一定的上下文里，若是以过去时间为起点，也可用过去完成时。
11 up to now(到现在为止)：
I have heard nothing from him up to now. 到现在为止我还没有听到他一点音信。
12It’s the first time that…(第一次…)：
It’s the first time I’ve come here. 这是我第一次来这儿。
2两词组
havegone to去了某地 例：He has gone to Beijing (去了北京)
havebeen to去过某地 例：He has been to Beijing. (去过北京)
3两结构
for two months for +一段时间 Jim has lived here for 2 months.
since last year since +过去的点时间 Lucy has been in Beijing since 3 years ago.
since 3 years ago
since 1990
since he came here since +一般过去态句子 He has been in China since he came here.
4如果句子里面没有时间状语，汉语意思能够加“已经”，往往用现在完成时态。
例：Have you lost your library book 你已经弄丢了从图书馆借的那本书吗？
5现在完成时态还常常用于下列句型
They have planted ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )many trees in the last few years. 在过去的几年，他们已经种了很多树。
This is the best book I have ever read. 这是我曾经读过的最好的一本书。
It is the first time I have played the computer games. 这是我第一次玩电脑游戏。
2. 重难点，必考 在现在完成时中，一次性动词不能和一段时间状语连用
例：He has bought the book for 3 years.（错）
因buy这个一次性动词不能和一段时间for 3 years连用, 改正的办法有五种：第五种改法必考
① He has bought the book.. (去掉一段时间for 3 years)
② He bought the book 3 years ago (改为一般过去时，使句子的意思不变)
③ It’s 3 years sin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ce he bought the book. = 3 years has passed since he bought the book.
（改为固定句型 It is ---since---）
④ He has not bought the book for 3 years. （改为否定句）
⑤ He has had the book for 3 years. （用延续性动词have代替一次性动词buy）
3. 还有其他一次性动词也是这种情况，可参照前面的五种办法改正，前四种改法都一样，第五种改法各不相同，举例如下：
①come/arrive/get to/reach 改为 be here
例：I have come here ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) for 3 years.（错） 改为：I have been here for 3 years.
②leave/go改为be away
例：He has left for 3 hours.（错） 改为：He has been away for 3 hours.
③begin/start改为be on
例：The film has ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )begun for 3 minutes.（错） 改为：The film has been on for 3 minutes.
④open改为be open / close改为be closed
例：The shop h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as opened for 3 years.(错) 改为：The shop has been open for 3 years.
⑤die改为be dead
例：His father has ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) died for 3 years.(错) 改为：His father has been dead for 3 years.
⑥finish/end改为be over
例：He has fini ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )shed the work for 3 days.(错) 改为：The work has been over for 3 days
⑦join 例：I have joined the army for 3 years.（错）
改为：I have been ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in the army for 3 years. 或I have been a soldier for 3 years.
⑧buy /catch改为 have
例：I have bought the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )bike for 3 years.（错） 改为：I have had the bike for 3 years.
例：He has ca ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ught a cold for 3 days.（错） 改为：He has had a cold for 3 days.
⑨borrow改为keep
例：I have borrowed the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) book for 3 years. （错） 改为：I have kept the book for 3 years.
其它补充如下：break改为b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e broken \ get up改为be up \marry改为be married \ become改为be \ lose改为be lost
4. 延续性动词和终止性动词
①延续性动词：表示的动作是能延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久的影响。
如：learn\ work\ stand ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )\ lie\ know\ walk\ keep\ have\ wait\ watch\ sing\ read\ sleep\ live
②终止性动词：也叫非延续性动词， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )瞬间动词，一次性动词，短暂性动词。表示的动作不能延续，即动作发生后立即结束，产生某种结果。在有了某种结果后，动作就不能再继续下去。
如：leave\ star ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t\ set out\ arrive\ reach\ get to\ begin\ stop\ shut\ turn off\ marry\ put\ put on\ get up\ wake\ fall\ join\ meet\ receive\finish\ end\ complete\ become\ come\ go\ die\ open\ close\ break\ give\ jump\ buy\ borrow
5. 一次性动词不能和一段时间状语连用。
He has died for three days. （错，终止性动词die不能和一段时间for three days连用）
练习题 一、单项选择
1.Both his parents ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) look sad. Maybe they __what's happened to him .
Ａ. knew Ｂ. have known Ｃ. must know Ｄ.will know
2、He has _ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )______ been to Shanghai , has he Ａ. already Ｂ.never Ｃ.ever Ｄ. still
3、Have you met M ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r Li ______？Ａ. just Ｂ. ago Ｃ.before Ｄ. a moment ago
4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year
Ａ. is writing Ｂ.was writing Ｃ.wrote Ｄ.has written
5、-Our country ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) ______ a lot so far . -Yes . I hope it will be even ______ .
Ａ. has changed ; well Ｂ. changed ; good Ｃ. has changed ; better Ｄ. changed ; better
6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years .
Ａ. was ; studying Ｂ. will ; study Ｃ. has ; studied Ｄ. are ; studying
7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .
Ａ. know Ｂ. had known Ｃ. have known Ｄ. knew
8、Harry Potter ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is a very nice film .I_______ it twice . Ａ. will see Ｂ. have seen Ｃ. saw Ｄ.see
9、-These farmer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s have been to the United States . -Really When _____ there
Ａ. will they ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )go Ｂ. did they go Ｃ. do they go Ｄ. have they gone
10、-______ you ___ your homework yet -Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .
A. Have do d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )id B. Did done do C.Have done did D. Do does done
二、句型转换
1This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换) This factory ________ for twenty years.
2Miss Gao left an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) hour ago. (同义句转换) Miss Gao ________ _______ ________ ________ an hour ago.
3Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句）
Her mother _______ the Party three years ________ .
4The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同义句转换)
_______ two years ________ the Green family moved to Fra nce.
5 The bus has ar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把两个句子合并成一个句子)
三、汉译英
1 她还没有看过那部新电影。
2 她去过上海。
3 他这些天上哪儿去了？
即时练习：用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. Thanks a lot. It’s sunny again. It __________ (rain) for a long time.
2. __________Mr. Li __________ (live) here since 8 years old
3. Since Mr. Li came here, he __________ (teach) in this school.
4. It’s the third time that I __________ (see) him this month.
5. Is your mother at home ------No, she __________ (go) to work.
6. Her mother __________ (become)a doctor in 1970. She __________ work) in the hospital since 26 years old.
7. He __________ (teach) English here since we __________ (see) him 5 years ago.
8. How many times __________ you __________ (be) to Beijing
---Only once. I __________ (go) there two years ago.
9. I’ve lost my cat. __________ you ever __________ (see) it anywhere
10. My parents are not at home. They __________ (leave) for Shanghai.
11. Wait here, please. The train __________ (not arrive) yet.
12. Where is my dictionary ------Li Ping __________ (take) it away.
13. I __________ (lose) my pen, and I __________ (look)for it now.
14. I __________ (not see) such a strange thing before.
15. He joined the Party i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n 1990. He __________ (be) a party member for 10 years.
16. How long __________ Uncle Wang _______ (work) in this factory ------Since 1995.
17. So far the children __________ (learn) 1,000 English words.
18. __________ you __________ (mend) your bike ------Yes. I mended it a moment ago.
19. I’ll tell him the news that our class __________ (win) already.
20. She __________ (stay) here for over 5 years.
21. The box is empty. Who __________ (eat) all the cakes
22. He has found his bike .When __________ he __________ (find) it
23. Her sister __________ (go) to Shanghai. She __________ (leave) this morning.
24. My friend Wang Hai often __________ (swim) in the river.
25. The teacher __________ (reach) Beijing two days ago.
每处划线中有错误，在题后改正
1. Jim has boug ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ht the book for just 3 days. Uncle Wang has died for 3 years.
2. I have gone to Beij ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing three times. Jim isn’t here. He has been to Beijing.
3. She has lived there since 8 years. Has he been a teacher for 1990
4. I lived here s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ince 3 months ago. Have you finished the work yet ------Yes, I did.
5. Jim’s brothe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rs has made many kinds of kites. He has taked the books away.
按要求句型转换 Kate has already finished the homework.
否定句：______________________ 特殊疑问句：__________________
一般疑问句：______________________ 两回答：______________________
中考真题小试牛刀：
1. —Where is Mr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). Zhao —He ______ to Mount Fanjing. He’ll come back ______ a week.
A. has been; in B. has gone; after C. has gone; in D. has been; after
2. Monica, you ______ the exam! Congratulation!
A. pass B. have passed C. will pass D. are passing
3. —Have you ever ____ an amusement park —Yes, I have. I __ Fun Times Amusement Park last year.
A. been to, have gone to B. gone to, have been to C. go to, went to D. been to, went to
4. I _______ my hometown for a long time. I really miss it.
A. left B. went ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )away from C. have left D. have been away from
5. He _____ in this facto ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ry for 20 years already. A. will work B. works C. has worked D. is working
6. —Lily, why ar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e you still here School is over for half an hour. —Because I ______ my task yet. I still need one more hour. A. won’t finish B. didn’t finish C. haven’t finished D. hadn’t finished
7. Little Tom _________computer games when his mother got home.
A. is playing B. plays C. was playing
8. I saw Ken in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the meeting room. He ______ Joe for the school magazine.
A. interviews B. in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )terviewed C. has interviewed D. was interviewing
9. — A new shop _____ for a week nearby. Let’s have a look there. — Good idea. But it doesn’t ______ on Mondays.
A. opened; opened B. has been opened; open C. has opened; opened D. has been open; open
10. —Where is Mr. Wang — ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )He together with his students _______ Zhuyuwan Park.
A. has gone to B. have gone to C. has been to D. have been to
11. —When will A Bite ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of China II begin tonight —It _______ for ten minutes.
A. will begin B. has begun C. will be on D. has been on
12. —Do you know Diaoy ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )u Island —Sure. It ______ China since ancient times.
A. belongs to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. belonged to C. has belonged to D. is belonging to
13. —____ you ever_____ the new Minyuan Stadium —No, I haven’t.
A. Do; visit B. Have; visited C. Did; visit D. Are; visiting
14. —What were you doing ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )when we were playing basketball yesterday afternoon ---I ______ the classroom.
A. was cleaning B. have cleaned C. will clean D. clean
15. —Mr. Li will check our homework this afternoon. ______ you ______ it —Not yet. I'm doing it right now.
A. Do; finish B. Had; finished C. Will; finish D. Have; finished
16. She ______ for ten years and now she has a lovely daughter.
A. married B. has b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )een married C. got married D. has got married
17. —Are you surprised ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at the ending of the movie —No, because I _______ the story.
A. read B. will read C. have read D. was reading
18. —The Amazing Spider ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Man 2 is on these days. It’s fantastic.—Really But I _______ it yet.
A. didn’t see B. won’t see C. haven’t seen D. is not seeing
19. —Can you find ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) our city _______ a lot in recent years —Yes. The road is wider and the buildings are taller.
A. has changed B. changes C. changed D. will change
20. —Has your frien ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d completed his design —Not yet. He _______ on it last night.
A. worked B. has worked C. is working D. was working
21. —When will D ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )iana arrive —Oh, she _______. She is in the meeting room now.
A. arrives B. is arriving C. arrived D. has arrived
22. —Are Betty and L ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ingling still living in Beijing —No, they _______ to Qingdao.
A. will move B. are moved C. have just moved D. move
其它题型：
1. He _________（be）a volunteer in Ya-an, Sichuan since the earthquake happened.
2. —Shall I tell Tom t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he good news —No, you needn’t. I _________ ( tell ) him already.
3. —Is your father at home — No, I’m afraid he _________ (go) out.
4. Will you come an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d pick me up tomorrow morning — Yes, I _________ (promise).
5. The young man _________ (live) alone since he graduated from college.
6. Turn off the radio, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) dear. Baby is sleeping.—There is no need. He _________ (wake) up.
7. Miss Lee _________ (teach) us English since she came here three years ago.
8. 别担心！我已经关灯了。Don’t worry! I _________ the lights.
9. 你曾经去过游乐园么 _________you ever _________ to an amusement park
10. 电视机已经开了几个小时了。请把它关掉，好吗？
The TV set _________. Would you please turn it off
11. 妈妈已经离开家快一个月了, 我盼望看到她。
Mum _________ from home for nearly a month. I _________ seeing her.
12. 昨天晚上七点他在看电视。_________ at seven last night.
13. I think we _________ the education problems of children left behind in villages in recent years. (pay)我认为在最近几年里我们已经对乡村留守儿童的教育问题给予了关注。
14. —Where were you at fo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ur o’clock yesterday afternoon —We _________ (正在听) music at Linda’s house. (listen)
15. —I wish to study ches ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s and now I’ve got it!—Oh, it’s wonderful! Your dream _________ (实现了) . (come)
八、过去完成时
一、过去完成时的判断依据
1. 由时间状语来判定
一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有：
（ 1 ） by + 过去的时间点。
如： I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.
（ 2 ） by the end of + 过去的时间点。
如： We had learned o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ver two thousand English words by the end of last term.
（ 3 ） before + 过去的时间点。
如： They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.
2. 由"过去的过去"来判定。
过去完成时表示"过去的过 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )去"，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在：
（ 1 ）宾语从句中
当宾语从句的主句为一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。如：
She said that she had seen the film before.
（ 2 ）状语从句中
在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。如：
When I got to the station, the train had already left.
After he had finished his homework, he went to bed.
注意： before ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), after 引导的时间状语从句中，由于 before 和 after 本身已表达了动作的先后关系，若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连，则主、从句都用一般过去时。如：
Where did you study before you came here
After he closed the door, he left the classroom.
（ 3 ）表示意向的动词，如hope, w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…" We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
3. 根据上、下文来判定。
I met Wang Tao in t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he street yesterday. We hadn't seen each other since he went to Beijing.
三、过去完成时的主要用法
1. 过去完成时表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束，即发生在"过去的过去"。如：
When I woke up ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), it had stopped raining. 我醒来时，雨已经停了。（主句的动作发生在"过去的过去"）
2. 过去完成时是一个相对的时态，表示的是"过去的过去"，只有和过去某一时间或某一动作相比较时才使用它。如：
He told me that he had written a new book. (had written 发生在 told 之前 )
3. 过去完成时需要与一个表示过去的时间状 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )语连用，它不能离开过去时间而独立存在。此时多与 already ， yet ， still ， just ， before ， never 等时间副词及 by ， before ， until 等引导的短语或从句连用。
如：Before she came to China, Grace had taught English in a middle school for about five years.
Peter had collected more than 300 Chinese stamps by the time he was ten.
4. 过去完成时表示某一动作或状态在过去某时之前已经开始，一直延续到这一过去时间，而且动作尚未结束，仍然有继续下去的可能。
如： By the end of l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ast year, he had worked in the factory for twenty years. （ had worked 已有了 20 年，还有继续进行下去的可能）
A. did, do B. has, done C did, did. D. had, done
3. I ______ 900 English words by the time I was ten。
A. learned B. was learning C. had learned D. learnt
4. She ______lived here for ______ years.
A. had, a few B. has, several C. had, a lot of D. has, a great deal of
5. By the tim ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e my parents reached home yesterday, I _____ the dinner already.
A had cooked ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. cooked C. have cooked D. was cooked
6. She said she __________ the principle already A .has seen B. saw C. will see D. had seen
7. She said her ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) family ______ themselves ______ the army during the war.
A. has hidden, from ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. had hidden, from C. has hidden, with D. had hidden, with
8. By the time he was ten years old, he _________.
A. has completed ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) university B. has completed the university
B. had complet ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed an university D. had completed university
9. She had written a number of books ______ the end of last year.
A. for B. in C. by D. at
10. He _____ to play ____ before he was 11 years old.
A had learned, pia ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )no B. had learned, the piano C. has learned, the piano D. learns ,piano.
2.用动词的适当形式填空
1. We ____________ (paint) the house before we ___________ (move) in.
2. That rich ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )old man __________ (make) a will before he ___________ (die).
3. They _____________ (study) the map of the country before they ________ (leave).
4. The robbers _____________ (run away ) before the policemen _______ (arrive).
5. I __________ (turn off) all the lights before I ____________ (go) to bed.
6. Paul __________ (go) out with Jane after he ________ (make) a phone call.
7. Tom __________ (say) he ___________ (read) the book twice.
3. 1． –What did you do on your uncle’s farm
--I _______the horse and _______some hens there.
A. ride; feed B. rode; fed C. rode; feed D. ride; fed
2．-- What does Miss Black do at weekends
-- She with some students often ___________ in the playground.
A. is running B. are running C. run D. runs
3．Tom __________ fishing, but he doesn’t like eating fish.
A. like B. enjoy C. enjoys D. likes to
4． We shall go to the park if it ______.
A. don’t rain B. won’t rain C. doesn’t rain D. didn’t rain
5．Tom ______ watch TV after supper _____ last night.
A. wasn’t; on B.didn’t; on C. doesn’t; in D.didn’t; /
6．—Would you like to climb mountains with me this Sunday
—I’d love to. But I _______ play table tennis against Class Three.
A. am going B. am going to C. am D. going to
7．Linda walked into the room and her coat away.
A. took B.takes C. is taking D. taking
8． Jim’s brother_________ five basketballs. A. have B. has C. is D. are
9．I _____ Lin Dong, M ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y English name ________Gina. A. am, am B. is, am C. Am is D. are , is
10．There ________a party tomorrow evening.I’ll go with my sisters..
A. has B. is going to have C. is going to be D. are going to be
11．---Do you kno ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )w that we won the football match -- Yes, I the news.
A.hear B.to hear C.have just heard D.just have heard
12．----Is James at h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ome -----No, he Ya’an to be a volunteer.
A.has gone to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B.has been to C.is going to D.are going to
13．Jim and Kate_______ in Beijing now. They both_______ from America.
A. is; come B. are; come C. is; is come D. are; are come
14．I have lunch at school, but my brother_______ lunch at school.
A. isn't have B. hasn't have C. don't have D. doesn't have
15．-- _______ your mother happy today --No, she_______.
A. Is ; isn't B. Are ; aren't C. Are; isn't D. Does; doesn't
16．Scientists thin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )k that there _____ life on Earth for millions of years.
A. has had B. have had C. has been D. have been
17．Some scientists ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )ve sent a spacecraft to Mars. It ____ several months to get there.
A. spent B. has spent C. has taken D. take
18．--- Where’s Mary ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) --- She _____ to Harbin.A. has been B. has gone C. goes D. went
19．we’ll climb Qianling Hills if it_____next Sunday.
A.won’t rain B.didn’t rain C.rained D.doesn’t rain
20．The boy is ________ see the teacher because he ________ a mistake.
A．afraid of; has B．afraid to; has made C．afraid to; make D．afraid of; made
一、一般现在时
注：当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词需加-s或-es：
规则1. _____________________2. _________________________3. _______________________
注意：动词have的第三人称单数是has.
写出下列动词的单数第三人称形式。
1. cook _______2.watch__ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_____3.build_______4.have_______5.wash______ 6. enjoy ______7. go _______
8 receive _____9 cry_ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )____10. close _______11. drive ______12. choose ______13. play ________14. reach _____
一般现在时的用法：
1. 表经常发生的事情、存在的动 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )作或状态，常用的频度副词有： always、often、 usually、seldom、never。 Eg. She often sings with the band Crazy Boy.
2.表内心活动感情等 eg. I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )don't think you are right.
3.描述客观真理、自然现象、格言警句等 eg. Birds fly in the sky.
Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。
4.表计划或预定的行为但只限于st ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )art, begin, leave, go, come, arrive, return, take place等。
eg The train leaves at 9:00 tomorrow morning.
5. 表示现在的状态。My father works in a factory. He is very busy.
6. 表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。Ann writes good English but does not speak well.
具体情况（主要用于下面几情况）
1) 描述当前时间内经常出现、反复发生的动作或存在的状态。
在这种情景中，句子常带有表示频率的时间状语 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )：always , everyday , often , once a week (month , year , etc.) , sometimes , seldom , usually等等，以表示句中的动作或状态是习惯性的、经常性的。例如：
2.We grow b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eautiful flowers. (she)
3.They lik ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e collecting stamps. (Ben)
4.I listen to music carefully. (my aunt)
5.You like making a model ship. (Helen)
3）写出下列动词的相应形式
II. 用所给动词的适当形式填空：
1．I ________(write) to you as soon as I _______(get) to London.
2. He doean't feel ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) well and ____________(not eat) any food this morning.
3. He _____ not __ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )____(see) me come in, for he ______(read) something with great interest.
4. I _________(l;et) you have the book as soon as I _________(finish) it.
5. While we ________(wait) for our teacher, a little boy ______(run) up to us.
III单项选择：
1.The students ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )will go to the Summer Palace if it _____ tomorrow. A.don't rain B. doesn't rain C. won't rain
2. There ___an English film next week. A. will have B. is going to have C. is going to be D. was going to be
3. The picture _______ nice. A.looks B.is looked C.look D.is looking
4. She ______ down and soon fell asleep. A. live B. lain C. laid D. lay
5. They _____ the office at nine yesterday morning. A. reached to B. arrived C. went D. get to
6. We shall go to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Shanghai on business before you _____ back next week.
A. wil come B. came C. would come D. come
7. Don't smoke until the plane ______ off. A.takes B. took C.was taken D.is take
8. I saw her ____ the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) room this morning. A.to enter B. entered C. enter D. enters
9.the teacher ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )asked us ______ to school on time. A. to come B.coming C.come D.comes
10. John is always ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )______ others. A. help B. helping C. helps D. to help
二、一般过去时
时间状语：ago, yesterday ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long等。
2.动词原形以ow／aw结尾，过去式常变为ew。
know—knew, grow—grew, throw—threw, draw—drew等。
但是也有一些例外，例如：show—showed。
3.许多动词只要将动词原形中的元音字母i改为a，就可变为过去式。
begin—began, give—ga ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve, sing—sang, swim—swam, sit—sat, drink—drank, ring—rang
但是win—won例外。
4．有些动词的过去式以o(a)ught结尾。
bring—brought, buy—bought, think—thought, catch—caught, teach—taught
上述动词过去式究竟是以ought还是augh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t结尾，只要记住“有a则a，无a则o”即可。 即:原形中有a的，过去式变为aught，否则为ought。
5．以eep结尾的动词，常将eep改为ept构成过去式。
keep—kept, sleep—slept, sweep—swept
一般过去时的用法
1）表示过去某个时间所发生的动作或存 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语yesterday, last week, an hour ago, just now, the other day, in 1982等连用。在一般过去式中，要表达“过多少时间之后”，一般用after。
Where did you go just now After a few years, she started to play the piano.
2）表示在过去，经常或反复发生的动作。常与often, always等表示频度的副词连用。
When I was a child, I often played football in the street.
3）表示过去连续发生的一系列动作。
The students got up early in the morning, did morning exercises and then read English aloud in the open air.
4）有些发生时间不是很清楚的情况，实际是过去发生的，也应用过去时态。
How nice to see you here! I thought you were out.
另外，还可用过去时表示委婉的语气。e.g. Could you lend me your pen
特殊用法（一般过去时表现在）
(1) 在宾语从句中，由于时态呼应的关系，可用一般过去时表示现在：
I didn’t know you were here. 我不知道你在这儿。(were实际上指现在)
I didn’t know you were so busy．我没想到你这么忙。(were实际上指现在)
(2) 表示客气委婉的现在：
I wondered if you were free this evening. 不知您今晚是否有空。
I thought you might like some flowers. 我想您也许想要些花。
【注】能这样有的动词主要限于want, wonder, think, hope, intend等少数动词。
(3) 用于某些特殊结构中表示现在：
It’s time we started. 我们该动身了。
I wish I knew his name. 要是我知道他的名字就好了。
I’d rather you lived closer to us. 我希望你能住得离我们近点。
【注】该用法主要用于 it’s time, I wish, I’d rather, if only, as if, 等少数结构后接从句的情形，其中有些结构后面的句子还可用一般过去时表示将来：
I’d rather you came next Monday. 我宁愿你下周星期一来。
另外表主观想法的虚拟条件句也用一般过去时表示现在：
If I had the money now I’d buy a car. 假若我现在有钱，我就买辆小汽车。
练习： 1. —Did your brother go to America last year —_____________
A. No , he did neve ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r go there B. No , he has never gone here C. No , he never was there D. No , he’s never been there
2. -- I’m sorry you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )have missed the bus. It_________ five minutes ago.
-- What a pity! ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) A. was leaving B. has left C. left D. leaves
3. --Mr. Johnson, we have found your watch. --My watch！Thank you. Where____ it
A. do you find B. have you found C. did you find D. were you finding
4. Last week John _____his leg. A. felt and broken B. fell and broke C. feels and breaks D. fallen and broken
5. Jack_________ his thick coat because it was snowing.
注意：1、时间，条件状语从句中，从句一般是主将从现。
If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we’ll go camping.
2、There be结构的一般将来时（近主语原则）
There will be
There is/are going to be
具体情况（主要用于下面几情况）
主要用来描述将要发生的动作或存在于未来的情况。这里所说的“将来时间”是指“说话、写文章那一刻以后的时间”。它的表示方法主要有如下几种：
1）shall / will + ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )动词原形这种表示方法是说，动作在现在或目前还未发生，要在将来的某个时间内发生；它没有主观性，是“纯粹的将来动作”。例如：
I shall / will not be free tomorrow .我明天没空。
2) be( am / is / are ) + going +不定式
这种表示方法主要是说明 A）“说话人的意图、打算”；B）“某种可能性”。例如：
A) He is going to spend his holidays in London . 他打算在伦敦度假。
B) It is going to rain soon .马上要下雨了。
3) 用一般现在时或现在进行时（限于某些动词）表示按计划安排要发生的事。主要强调“按计划安排要发生的事”。
The plane takes off at 11:00 a.m. 那架飞机上午十一点起飞。
练习：1. Mr. Smith_______ a talk on country music next Monday.
3Mary's birt ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hday is next Monday, her mother _____（give）her a present.
4. It is very cold these days. It ______（snow）soon.
5 I am afraid there ______（be）a meeting this afternoon. I can't join you.
6. Mike ______（believe, not）this until he ______（see）it with his own eyes.
7. Most of us don't think their team ______（win）.
四、把下列各句译成英语
1．我叔叔今晚要来。
2．他没有打算住那座小屋。
3．我们要读这本书。
4．-你爸爸要去钓鱼吗？-不，他要去游泳 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。
四、过去将来时
时间状语： tomorrow, next d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ay(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.
基本结构 would, was/were going to, was/were to， was/were about to等+do
基本用法
1. 宾语从句或间接引语中
eg He didn't expect that we would all be there.
2.表示过去习惯性的动作
eg During that period, he would do this every day.
3.表示过去的愿望、倾向，多用于否定句om]
A) She told me that she would go on trip to Europe the next day.
她告诉我，她第二天要去欧洲旅行。
He didn't expect that we would all be there. 他没料到我们会全在那儿。
B) During that period , he would do morning exercises every day.
在那段时间，他每天早锻炼。
Whenever he ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )had time, he would help his mother with some housework. 无论他什么时间有空,他总是帮他妈妈干点家务活。
C) No matter how difficult the work was , he would keep on doing it until he accomplished it . 不管工作有多难，他总会坚持不懈地把它干完。
练习题I. 选择填空
1. Li Ming said he _____happy if Brian_____to China next month.
A. as; come ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. was; would come C. would be; came D. will be; come
2. Jenny said she _____her holiday in China.
A. spent B. woul ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d spent C. was going to spent D. would spend
3. —What did your son say in the letter
—He told me that he ______ the Disney World the next day.
A. will visit B. has visited C. is going to visit D. would visit
4. I hoped Tina ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) ______ to my birthday party on time the next Wednesday.
A. to come B. is coming C. will come D. was coming
5. Father said that he ______ me to Beijing the next year. A. took B. would take C. takes D. will take
6. We were not sure whether they ______ more vegetables.
A. are going to grow B. were going to grow C. will grow D. have grown
7. She ______ to wo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rk when the telephone rang. A. is going B. will go C. was about to go D. is to go
II. 用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. Miss Zhang said she ________(visit) the Great Wall next summer.
2. She told him that she ________(not stay) here for long.
3. I wasn’t sure whether Lucy_______(come) the next year.
4. The scientists said the world’s population _______ (slow) down in future.
5. She said the bus _______(leave) at five the next morning.
6. I wasn't sur ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e whether he _______(lend) me his book the next morning.
7. He was fifty-six. In two years he _______(be) fifty-eight.
8. Whenever she has time, she ______(help) them in their work.
五、现在进行时
时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc.
注：动词V-ing的构成形式
1.____________________________________2.____________________________________
3.____________________________________4.____________________________________
写出下列动词的现在分词形式。
1、shop 2、relax 3、jump 4、make 5、have 6、talk
7、tie 8、run 9、swim 10、cry 11、come 12、watch
现在进行时的用法：
1) 表示现在（指说话人说话时）正在发生或进行的动作。常与now,right now,at this moment等时间状语连用。 例如： We are waiting for you now. 我们正在等你。
2) 表示现阶段（说话前后一段时间内），一直在进行的活动。说话时动作未必正在进行。
例如：Mr. Green ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is writing another novel. 他在写另一部小说。（说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。）
He is thinking about this problem these days.这些天来他一直在考虑这个问题。
3) 表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，常与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，往往带有说话人的赞许、批评等主观色彩。
例如：You are always changing your mind. 你老是改变主意。
4) 表示渐变，这样的动词有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。
例如：The leaves are turning red. 叶子在变红。
It's getting warmer and warmer.天越来越热了。
5) 表示一个在最近按计划或安排要 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )进行的动作。多有一个表示未来时间的状语。这种情况仅限于少量动词，如：go , come , leave ,arrive , see , have , lunch( 吃午饭 ) , return, dine ( 进餐，尤指晚餐 ) , work , sleep , stay , play , do , wear( 穿，戴 ) 等。等。
例如：--Tom, supper is ready. Come quickly. -OK. I'm coming.
注意：表示状态和感觉的动词如果指现在情况的话，一般不用于进行时，而要用一般现在时。这样的动词有love, like, hate, want, hope, need, wish, know, understand, remember, belong, hear, see, seem, have(有), sound(听起来), taste（尝起来）等。
练习：
1. --Where's you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r mother, Helen --She________ the flowers in the garden.
A. waters B. watered C. is watering D. has watered
2. --Hurry up! It's time to leave. --OK, ________.
A. I'm coming B. I'll come C. I've come D. I come
3. --Shall we invite Tom to play football now --Oh, no. He his clothes.
A. is washing B. washes C. has washed D. washed
4. --Mum, _______ shall we have lunch --We will have it when your dad_________.
A. when; returns B. where; returns C. where; will return D. when; will return
5. --Tomorrow ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) will be Father's Day. What will you do for your father --I will say "I love you, Daddy" as soon as he _______ up. A. will wake B. is waking C. wakes D. woke
6. Our teacher said light____ faster than sound. A. travelled B. has travelled C. is travelling D. travels
7. --Let's go f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ishing if it _______ this weekend. --But nobody knows if it_______.
A. is fine, will rain B. will be fine, rains C. is fine, rains D. will be fine, will rain
8. --Is your father a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )doctor --Yes, he is. He________ in Town Hospital.
A. has worked B. had worked C. works D. worked
9. The sun ______ in the east. A. is always rising B. always is rising C. rises always D. always rises
10. Now h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e ________ a book about New York. I don’t think he will finish it.
A. writes B. wrote C. has written D. is writing
11. Zhang Hu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a a lot of housework every evening, but now he ________his schoolmates with their lessons.
A. does; helps B. does; is helping C. doing; helps D. doing; helping
12. Please don’t leave the office until your friend ____ back. A. came B. comes C. have come D. will come
13. Listen ! Someo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ne ______in the next room . A. cried B. crying C. is crying D. has cried
14.You must tell hi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )m the news as soon as you______ him. A. see B. sees C. will see D. is seeing
15. Bruce often w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rites letters in English. （用now改写句子）
16. Tina often does her homework in the evening.（对划线部分提问）
17. She likes pl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aying volleyball at school. （对划线部分提问）
18. My father is at work.(同义句)
19. Tom is watching ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) TV with his grandpa. （一般疑问句及回答）
20. He works ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in a hospital. （一般疑问句及回答）
特殊用法（现在进行时用法之表将来）
现在进行时表将来，主要表示按计划或安排要发生的动作：
They’re getting married next month. 他们下个月结婚。
现在进行时与一般现在时均可表示将来，区别是：用现在进行时表示将来，其计划性较强，并往往暗示一种意图；而一般现在时表示将来，则其客观性较强，即通常被视为客观事实，多指按时刻表或规定要发生的情况：
I’m not going out this evening. 今晚我不准备出去。
What time does the train leave 火车什么时候开
练习题写出下列动词的现在分词：
play______run__________swim________make_______go________like________write_________read________
have_______sin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g_______dance____put______see_____buy______love__________live______take________
come________get________stop________sit________begin_____shop________
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：
1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now. 2. Listen .Some girls __________( sing)in the classroom .
3. My mother ____________ ( cook )some nice food now. 4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now
5. Look . They _____________( have) an English lesson .
三、句型转换：
1.They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)
①__________________________________________ ②______________________________________
2．I'm playing ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the football in the playground .(改为否定句)___________________________________
3．Tom is reading boo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ks in his study . (改为一般疑问句)___________________________________
四、时态提高题 一.填空题
1．Mr Zheng ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_______________ (read) a book now. 2. The rabbits _________________ (jump) now.
3.. Look ! Tom and John ___________ (swim). 4. My brother __________ (make) a kite in his room now.
5. Look! Th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e bus _______________ (stop). 6. We _______________ (have) an English class now.
7. Listen! Someone is__________________(come). 8. They ___________________(catch) butterflies now.
9. He _______________ (do) an experiment now. 10. They _______________(collect) stamps now.
二、造句
1).she,the window,o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pen,now.(用现在进行时连词成句.)_______________
2).is,who,the window,cleaning (连词成句)______________________
3).She is closing the door now.(改成否定句) ______________________
三、用现在进行时完成下列句子:
1.What_________you__________(do) 2.I_____________(sing) an English song.
3.What________he____________(mend) 4.He______________(mend) a car.
六、过去进行时
时间状语：at this time ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) yesterday, at that time，或以when/while引导的时间状语从句（谓语动词是一般过去时）
过去进行时的用法：
1. 表示在过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在发生的动作。
I was having a shower at that time. 那时我正冲澡。
2. 表示某个短暂性动作发生的背景。
I was reading the newspaper when the doorbell rang.
3. 过去进行时在语境中的运用。
She didn't hear the doorbell. She was listening to the radio.
她没听见门铃响，她在听收音机。
注：与 always, forever, frequently 等副词连用，可表示某种感情的色彩。如：
She was forever complaining. 她老是抱怨。(厌烦)
She was always thinking of others. 她老是想到别人。(赞扬)
4. 在复合句中，若主要动作和背景动作是同时发生的，那么主从句都可用过去进行。
Jenny was reading while Danny was writing.
5. 通常不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有：agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate, have(拥有), hear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, seem, suppose, understand, want, wish等。
例如： 误：I was knowing the answer. 正：I knew the answer. 我知道答案。
误：I wasn’t understanding him. 正：I didn’t understand him. 我不明白他的意思。
6. 用于故事的开头，交代故事发生的背景情况。
过去进行时所描述的动作是“正在进行”，所以，在这种情景中用“过去进行时”可以给读者一种“动感”，从而能使文章更加生动活泼。例如：
One night, h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e was typing in his study. Suddenly, a man broke into his house and cut off the electricity … .一天晚上，他正在书房里打字。突然，一个人闯进屋来，切断了电源……
7. （仅限少数动词）表示在过去的未来时间要发生的动作。
例如：When National Day was coming near , they began to make a plan for the holiday .
国庆节即将来临的时候，他们开始制订度假计划。
She told me that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) she was going to Hainan for her holiday. 她告诉我她将去海南度假。
8. 过去进行时用法之表将来，用过去进行时表示现在，主要是为了使语气委婉、客气。如：
-- Oh, we_______ some shopping in the supermarket.
A. have done B. did C. were doing D. are doing
2. --What do you think of the colour of my new dress
--Sorry, but what did you say I_________ about something else.
A. think B. thought C. am thinking D. was thinking
3. I my homework while my parents TV last night.
A. did; have watched B. was doing; were watching C. had done; were watching D. would do; were watching
4. I called Hannah many times yesterday evening, but I couldn't get through. Her brother ___ on the phone all the time!
A. was talking B. has been talking C. has talked D. talked
5. I don't believe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) you've already finished reading the book—I _____it to you this morning!
A. would lend B. was lending C. had lent D. lent
6. — I saw Jane an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d her boyfriend in the park at eight yesterday evening.
— Impossible. She TV with me in my home then.
A. watched B. had watched C. would watch D. was watching
7. — What do you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )think of the movie — It's fantastic. The only pity is that I __________ the beginning of it.
一、用动词的适当形式填空
1. While we __________ (wait) for the bus, a girl __________ (run) up to us.
2. I __________ (telephone) a friend when Bob __________ (come) in.
3. Jim __________ (jump) on the bus as it __________ (move) away.
4. We ________ (test) the new machine when the electricity _______ (go) off.
5. She ________ (not want) to stay in bed while the others ________ (all, work) in the fields.
二、 选择题 1.I ______ cooked a meal when you _____ me.
a. cooked ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), were ringing b. was cooking, rang c. was cooking, were ringing d. cooked, rang
2.He said h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e _____ to draw a plane on the blackboard at that time. a. tries b. tried c. was trying d. will try
3.While she ______ TV, she ______ a sound outside the room.
a. was watchin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g, was hearing b. watched, was hearing c. watched, heard d. was watching, heard
4.They _____ a football game from 7 to 9 last night.
a. were watchin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g b. watch c. watched d. are watching
5.What book ____ you ______ when I ____ you at four yesterday afternoon
a. did, read, w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as seeing b. did, read, saw c. were, reading, saw d. were, reading, was seeing
6.It was Friday evening. Mr and Mrs. Green ___ ready to fly to England. a. are getting b. get c. were getting d. got
7.Lei Feng _____ always _____ of others when he ______ in the army.
a. is, thinking, was b. was, thinking, is c. did, think, is d. was, thinking, was
8.A girl ______ my pen fall off the table when she _____ me.
a. saw, passed b. was seeing, passed c. was seeing, passed d. was seeing, was passing
9.We ____ for tom at ten last Sunday. He often kept us ______.
a. were waiting, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) waiting b. were waiting, wait c. waited, waiting d. waited, wait
10.He ____ his father on the farm the whole afternoon last Saturday.
a. helps b. would help c. was helping d. is helping
七、现在完成时
时间状语：recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.
动词过去分词的构成：
动词过去分词的规则变化与过去式的规则变化相同；不规则变化的需要我们单独记忆，记住常见动词的过去分词，例如：
do see ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) say hear go have sleep find get cut put eat buy come
read spend ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) pay think bring tell
现在完成时的用法：
1.表示过去发生或已经完 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与already, yet, ever, never, just，before 等词连用。
You have already grown much taller.
2、表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，并可能还要延续。往往和表示一段时间的时间状语连用，常用的有：for＋一段时间；since+过去时间点或从句。（Since 用来说明动作起始时间，for用来说明动作延续时间长度），提问用How long.
It has been five years since he joined the army .
They have learned English for nine years .
3、现在完成时需注意的问题：
1）表示短暂性的动词（瞬间动词）不能与表示一段时间的状语连用
注意：非延续性动词（瞬间动词）的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动
作不发生的状态是可以持续的。
（错）I have received his letter for a month.
（对）I haven't received his letter for almost a month.
2）不能和明确的过去时间状语连用，如：yesterday, last week, in 1998,two days ago等。
3）have/has been to 和have/has gone to 的区别：
have/ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s been to have/has gone to
4）比较一般过去时与现在完成时
一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或状态，强调动作，不和现在发生
联系，常与具体的过去时间状语连用，如yesterday, last week，…ago, in 1980, in October, just now等，；现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况，不能与表过去的时间状语连用。
I saw this film yesterday. （强调看的动作发生过了）
I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了）
Why did you get up so early （强调起床的动作已发生过了）
He has been a League member for three years. （强调他是团员）
练习：1. You have _____ a tall young man. A. grown B. grown into C. grew D. grown up
2. He has ____ the watch for a year. A .buy B. bought C. have D. had
3. I _____this book for two weeks, I have to return it now.
A. borrowed B. have borrowed C. kept D. have kept
4. Have you ever ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_____to the Great Wall It's very beautiful. A. gone B. been C. went D. go
5. Her brother _____the Party since 1978. A. joined B. has joined C. has been in D. was in
6. The Greens ___many places of interest since they came to China.
3) 有些动词表示无法持续的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )动作，它们一般不宜用于进行时态中。这类动词常见的有：be , believe , consist , find , forget , hate , have , hope , hear , know , like , love , notice , prefer , remember , see , seem , smell , suggest , taste , understand , want , wish , sit down , stand up 等等。
Be动词若是用于进行时态，可表示暂时、短暂的情况或表现。例如：
Tom is being a good boy today .汤姆今天很乖。
He is being childish .他这样做是耍孩子气。
You are not being modest .你这样说不太谦虚。
4）关于现在完成时的时间状语问题
A. 凡是"完成时态"都表示，不知 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )道也不管动作发生的具体时间, 所以在使用现在完成时的句子里，不可以带有表示具体过去时间的状语，如：yesterday , last week ( month , year , etc. ) , two weeks ago , in 1999等；但常和有些副词连用，如： just , before , already , often , never , ever , not…yet , always等等。
B. 在以when提问的特殊疑问中不 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )能用现在完成时。另外，ago不能用于现在完成时的句子里，因为它表示从现在算起的以前某个时间，属于表示具体过去时间的状语。但是可以用before 来表示"以前"的意义，因为它只表示"以前"，而不知什么时候的以前。
C. 如果是不表示连续性 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的动词用于现在完成时的句子，不可以和以for表示的"一段时间"的状语连用。在这种情况下，应该用"It has been … ；since…"的句式来表达。如：
He has joined the army for five years. （错误）
It has been five years since he joined the army.（正确）
特殊用法（现在完成时用法之常用词语）
1. 在下列5种情形下用现在完成时态
1十一词语
①already已经 肯 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )定句中或句尾例: I have already found my pen. = I have found my pen already.
②yet已经 否定句和疑问句句尾 例：I have not finished the work yet.
Have you bought a computer yet
③ever曾经 句中 例：Have you ever seen pandas
④never从不 句中 例：I have never been to Beijing.
⑤just刚刚 句中 例：I have just done my work.
⑥before以前 句尾 例：I have never been there before.
⑦so far到目前为止 例：So far he has learnt 200 words.
⑧how long多久 例：How long have you lived here
⑨how many times多少次 例：How many times has he been to Beijing
⑩in the past … years(在过去…年中)：
In the past two years I’ve seen him little. 过去两年我很少见到他。
I have been here (for) the last month. 最近一个月里我都在这儿。
【注】在一定的上下文里，若是以过去时间为起点，也可用过去完成时。
11 up to now(到现在为止)：
I have heard nothing from him up to now. 到现在为止我还没有听到他一点音信。
12It’s the first time that…(第一次…)：
It’s the first time I’ve come here. 这是我第一次来这儿。
2两词组
have
have
3两结构
for two months for +一段时间 Jim has lived here for 2 months.
since last year since +过去的点时间 Lucy has been in Beijing since 3 years ago.
since 3 years ago
since 1990
since he came here since +一般过去态句子 He has been in China since he came here.
4如果句子里面没有时间状语，汉语意思能够加“已经”，往往用现在完成时态。
例：Have you lost your library book 你已经弄丢了从图书馆借的那本书吗？
5现在完成时态还常常用于下列句型
They have planted ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )many trees in the last few years. 在过去的几年，他们已经种了很多树。
This is the best book I have ever read. 这是我曾经读过的最好的一本书。
It is the first time I have played the computer games. 这是我第一次玩电脑游戏。
2. 重难点，必考 在现在完成时中，一次性动词不能和一段时间状语连用
例：He has bought the book for 3 years.（错）
因buy这个一次性动词不能和一段时间for 3 years连用, 改正的办法有五种：第五种改法必考
① He has bought the book.. (去掉一段时间for 3 years)
② He bought the book 3 years ago (改为一般过去时，使句子的意思不变)
③ It’s 3 years sin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ce he bought the book. = 3 years has passed since he bought the book.
（改为固定句型 It is ---since---）
④ He has not bought the book for 3 years. （改为否定句）
⑤ He has had the book for 3 years. （用延续性动词have代替一次性动词buy）
3. 还有其他一次性动词也是这种情况，可参照前面的五种办法改正，前四种改法都一样，第五种改法各不相同，举例如下：
①come/arrive/get to/reach 改为 be here
例：I have come here ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) for 3 years.（错） 改为：I have been here for 3 years.
②leave/go改为be away
例：He has left for 3 hours.（错） 改为：He has been away for 3 hours.
③begin/start改为be on
例：The film has ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )begun for 3 minutes.（错） 改为：The film has been on for 3 minutes.
④open改为be open / close改为be closed
例：The shop h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as opened for 3 years.(错) 改为：The shop has been open for 3 years.
⑤die改为be dead
例：His father has ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) died for 3 years.(错) 改为：His father has been dead for 3 years.
⑥finish/end改为be over
例：He has fini ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )shed the work for 3 days.(错) 改为：The work has been over for 3 days
⑦join 例：I have joined the army for 3 years.（错）
改为：I have been ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in the army for 3 years. 或I have been a soldier for 3 years.
⑧buy /catch改为 have
例：I have bought the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )bike for 3 years.（错） 改为：I have had the bike for 3 years.
例：He has ca ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ught a cold for 3 days.（错） 改为：He has had a cold for 3 days.
⑨borrow改为keep
例：I have borrowed the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) book for 3 years. （错） 改为：I have kept the book for 3 years.
其它补充如下：break改为b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e broken \ get up改为be up \marry改为be married \ become改为be \ lose改为be lost
4. 延续性动词和终止性动词
①延续性动词：表示的动作是能延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久的影响。
如：learn\ work\ stand ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )\ lie\ know\ walk\ keep\ have\ wait\ watch\ sing\ read\ sleep\ live
②终止性动词：也叫非延续性动词， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )瞬间动词，一次性动词，短暂性动词。表示的动作不能延续，即动作发生后立即结束，产生某种结果。在有了某种结果后，动作就不能再继续下去。
如：leave\ star ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t\ set out\ arrive\ reach\ get to\ begin\ stop\ shut\ turn off\ marry\ put\ put on\ get up\ wake\ fall\ join\ meet\ receive\finish\ end\ complete\ become\ come\ go\ die\ open\ close\ break\ give\ jump\ buy\ borrow
5. 一次性动词不能和一段时间状语连用。
He has died for three days. （错，终止性动词die不能和一段时间for three days连用）
练习题 一、单项选择
1.Both his parents ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) look sad. Maybe they __what's happened to him .
Ａ. knew Ｂ. have known Ｃ. must know Ｄ.will know
2、He has _ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )______ been to Shanghai , has he Ａ. already Ｂ.never Ｃ.ever Ｄ. still
3、Have you met M ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r Li ______？Ａ. just Ｂ. ago Ｃ.before Ｄ. a moment ago
4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year
Ａ. is writing Ｂ.was writing Ｃ.wrote Ｄ.has written
5、-Our country ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) ______ a lot so far . -Yes . I hope it will be even ______ .
Ａ. has changed ; well Ｂ. changed ; good Ｃ. has changed ; better Ｄ. changed ; better
6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years .
Ａ. was ; studying Ｂ. will ; study Ｃ. has ; studied Ｄ. are ; studying
7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .
Ａ. know Ｂ. had known Ｃ. have known Ｄ. knew
8、Harry Potter ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is a very nice film .I_______ it twice . Ａ. will see Ｂ. have seen Ｃ. saw Ｄ.see
9、-These farmer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s have been to the United States . -Really When _____ there
Ａ. will they ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )go Ｂ. did they go Ｃ. do they go Ｄ. have they gone
10、-______ you ___ your homework yet -Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .
A. Have do d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )id B. Did done do C.Have done did D. Do does done
二、句型转换
1This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换) This factory ________ for twenty years.
2Miss Gao left an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) hour ago. (同义句转换) Miss Gao ________ _______ ________ ________ an hour ago.
3Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句）
Her mother _______ the Party three years ________ .
4The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同义句转换)
_______ two years ________ the Green family moved to Fra nce.
5 The bus has ar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把两个句子合并成一个句子)
三、汉译英
1 她还没有看过那部新电影。
2 她去过上海。
3 他这些天上哪儿去了？
即时练习：用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. Thanks a lot. It’s sunny again. It __________ (rain) for a long time.
2. __________Mr. Li __________ (live) here since 8 years old
3. Since Mr. Li came here, he __________ (teach) in this school.
4. It’s the third time that I __________ (see) him this month.
5. Is your mother at home ------No, she __________ (go) to work.
6. Her mother __________ (become)a doctor in 1970. She __________ work) in the hospital since 26 years old.
7. He __________ (teach) English here since we __________ (see) him 5 years ago.
8. How many times __________ you __________ (be) to Beijing
---Only once. I __________ (go) there two years ago.
9. I’ve lost my cat. __________ you ever __________ (see) it anywhere
10. My parents are not at home. They __________ (leave) for Shanghai.
11. Wait here, please. The train __________ (not arrive) yet.
12. Where is my dictionary ------Li Ping __________ (take) it away.
13. I __________ (lose) my pen, and I __________ (look)for it now.
14. I __________ (not see) such a strange thing before.
15. He joined the Party i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n 1990. He __________ (be) a party member for 10 years.
16. How long __________ Uncle Wang _______ (work) in this factory ------Since 1995.
17. So far the children __________ (learn) 1,000 English words.
18. __________ you __________ (mend) your bike ------Yes. I mended it a moment ago.
19. I’ll tell him the news that our class __________ (win) already.
20. She __________ (stay) here for over 5 years.
21. The box is empty. Who __________ (eat) all the cakes
22. He has found his bike .When __________ he __________ (find) it
23. Her sister __________ (go) to Shanghai. She __________ (leave) this morning.
24. My friend Wang Hai often __________ (swim) in the river.
25. The teacher __________ (reach) Beijing two days ago.
每处划线中有错误，在题后改正
1. Jim has boug ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ht the book for just 3 days. Uncle Wang has died for 3 years.
2. I have gone to Beij ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing three times. Jim isn’t here. He has been to Beijing.
3. She has lived there since 8 years. Has he been a teacher for 1990
4. I lived here s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ince 3 months ago. Have you finished the work yet ------Yes, I did.
5. Jim’s brothe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rs has made many kinds of kites. He has taked the books away.
按要求句型转换 Kate has already finished the homework.
否定句：______________________ 特殊疑问句：__________________
一般疑问句：______________________ 两回答：______________________
中考真题小试牛刀：
1. —Where is Mr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). Zhao —He ______ to Mount Fanjing. He’ll come back ______ a week.
A. has been; in B. has gone; after C. has gone; in D. has been; after
2. Monica, you ______ the exam! Congratulation!
A. pass B. have passed C. will pass D. are passing
3. —Have you ever ____ an amusement park —Yes, I have. I __ Fun Times Amusement Park last year.
A. been to, have gone to B. gone to, have been to C. go to, went to D. been to, went to
4. I _______ my hometown for a long time. I really miss it.
A. left B. went ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )away from C. have left D. have been away from
5. He _____ in this facto ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ry for 20 years already. A. will work B. works C. has worked D. is working
6. —Lily, why ar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e you still here School is over for half an hour. —Because I ______ my task yet. I still need one more hour. A. won’t finish B. didn’t finish C. haven’t finished D. hadn’t finished
7. Little Tom _________computer games when his mother got home.
A. is playing B. plays C. was playing
8. I saw Ken in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the meeting room. He ______ Joe for the school magazine.
A. interviews B. in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )terviewed C. has interviewed D. was interviewing
9. — A new shop _____ for a week nearby. Let’s have a look there. — Good idea. But it doesn’t ______ on Mondays.
A. opened; opened B. has been opened; open C. has opened; opened D. has been open; open
10. —Where is Mr. Wang — ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )He together with his students _______ Zhuyuwan Park.
A. has gone to B. have gone to C. has been to D. have been to
11. —When will A Bite ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of China II begin tonight —It _______ for ten minutes.
A. will begin B. has begun C. will be on D. has been on
12. —Do you know Diaoy ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )u Island —Sure. It ______ China since ancient times.
A. belongs to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. belonged to C. has belonged to D. is belonging to
13. —____ you ever_____ the new Minyuan Stadium —No, I haven’t.
A. Do; visit B. Have; visited C. Did; visit D. Are; visiting
14. —What were you doing ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )when we were playing basketball yesterday afternoon ---I ______ the classroom.
A. was cleaning B. have cleaned C. will clean D. clean
15. —Mr. Li will check our homework this afternoon. ______ you ______ it —Not yet. I'm doing it right now.
A. Do; finish B. Had; finished C. Will; finish D. Have; finished
16. She ______ for ten years and now she has a lovely daughter.
A. married B. has b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )een married C. got married D. has got married
17. —Are you surprised ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at the ending of the movie —No, because I _______ the story.
A. read B. will read C. have read D. was reading
18. —The Amazing Spider ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Man 2 is on these days. It’s fantastic.—Really But I _______ it yet.
A. didn’t see B. won’t see C. haven’t seen D. is not seeing
19. —Can you find ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) our city _______ a lot in recent years —Yes. The road is wider and the buildings are taller.
A. has changed B. changes C. changed D. will change
20. —Has your frien ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d completed his design —Not yet. He _______ on it last night.
A. worked B. has worked C. is working D. was working
21. —When will D ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )iana arrive —Oh, she _______. She is in the meeting room now.
A. arrives B. is arriving C. arrived D. has arrived
22. —Are Betty and L ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ingling still living in Beijing —No, they _______ to Qingdao.
A. will move B. are moved C. have just moved D. move
其它题型：
1. He _________（be）a volunteer in Ya-an, Sichuan since the earthquake happened.
2. —Shall I tell Tom t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he good news —No, you needn’t. I _________ ( tell ) him already.
3. —Is your father at home — No, I’m afraid he _________ (go) out.
4. Will you come an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d pick me up tomorrow morning — Yes, I _________ (promise).
5. The young man _________ (live) alone since he graduated from college.
6. Turn off the radio, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) dear. Baby is sleeping.—There is no need. He _________ (wake) up.
7. Miss Lee _________ (teach) us English since she came here three years ago.
8. 别担心！我已经关灯了。Don’t worry! I _________ the lights.
9. 你曾经去过游乐园么 _________you ever _________ to an amusement park
10. 电视机已经开了几个小时了。请把它关掉，好吗？
The TV set _________. Would you please turn it off
11. 妈妈已经离开家快一个月了, 我盼望看到她。
Mum _________ from home for nearly a month. I _________ seeing her.
12. 昨天晚上七点他在看电视。_________ at seven last night.
13. I think we _________ the education problems of children left behind in villages in recent years. (pay)我认为在最近几年里我们已经对乡村留守儿童的教育问题给予了关注。
14. —Where were you at fo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ur o’clock yesterday afternoon —We _________ (正在听) music at Linda’s house. (listen)
15. —I wish to study ches ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s and now I’ve got it!—Oh, it’s wonderful! Your dream _________ (实现了) . (come)
八、过去完成时
一、过去完成时的判断依据
1. 由时间状语来判定
一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有：
（ 1 ） by + 过去的时间点。
如： I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.
（ 2 ） by the end of + 过去的时间点。
如： We had learned o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ver two thousand English words by the end of last term.
（ 3 ） before + 过去的时间点。
如： They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.
2. 由"过去的过去"来判定。
过去完成时表示"过去的过 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )去"，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在：
（ 1 ）宾语从句中
当宾语从句的主句为一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。如：
She said that she had seen the film before.
（ 2 ）状语从句中
在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。如：
When I got to the station, the train had already left.
After he had finished his homework, he went to bed.
注意： before ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), after 引导的时间状语从句中，由于 before 和 after 本身已表达了动作的先后关系，若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连，则主、从句都用一般过去时。如：
Where did you study before you came here
After he closed the door, he left the classroom.
（ 3 ）表示意向的动词，如hope, w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…" We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
3. 根据上、下文来判定。
I met Wang Tao in t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he street yesterday. We hadn't seen each other since he went to Beijing.
三、过去完成时的主要用法
1. 过去完成时表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束，即发生在"过去的过去"。如：
When I woke up ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), it had stopped raining. 我醒来时，雨已经停了。（主句的动作发生在"过去的过去"）
2. 过去完成时是一个相对的时态，表示的是"过去的过去"，只有和过去某一时间或某一动作相比较时才使用它。如：
He told me that he had written a new book. (had written 发生在 told 之前 )
3. 过去完成时需要与一个表示过去的时间状 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )语连用，它不能离开过去时间而独立存在。此时多与 already ， yet ， still ， just ， before ， never 等时间副词及 by ， before ， until 等引导的短语或从句连用。
如：Before she came to China, Grace had taught English in a middle school for about five years.
Peter had collected more than 300 Chinese stamps by the time he was ten.
4. 过去完成时表示某一动作或状态在过去某时之前已经开始，一直延续到这一过去时间，而且动作尚未结束，仍然有继续下去的可能。
如： By the end of l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ast year, he had worked in the factory for twenty years. （ had worked 已有了 20 年，还有继续进行下去的可能）
A. did, do B. has, done C did, did. D. had, done
3. I ______ 900 English words by the time I was ten。
A. learned B. was learning C. had learned D. learnt
4. She ______lived here for ______ years.
A. had, a few B. has, several C. had, a lot of D. has, a great deal of
5. By the tim ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e my parents reached home yesterday, I _____ the dinner already.
A had cooked ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. cooked C. have cooked D. was cooked
6. She said she __________ the principle already A .has seen B. saw C. will see D. had seen
7. She said her ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) family ______ themselves ______ the army during the war.
A. has hidden, from ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. had hidden, from C. has hidden, with D. had hidden, with
8. By the time he was ten years old, he _________.
A. has completed ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) university B. has completed the university
B. had complet ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed an university D. had completed university
9. She had written a number of books ______ the end of last year.
A. for B. in C. by D. at
10. He _____ to play ____ before he was 11 years old.
A had learned, pia ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )no B. had learned, the piano C. has learned, the piano D. learns ,piano.
2.用动词的适当形式填空
1. We ____________ (paint) the house before we ___________ (move) in.
2. That rich ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )old man __________ (make) a will before he ___________ (die).
3. They _____________ (study) the map of the country before they ________ (leave).
4. The robbers _____________ (run away ) before the policemen _______ (arrive).
5. I __________ (turn off) all the lights before I ____________ (go) to bed.
6. Paul __________ (go) out with Jane after he ________ (make) a phone call.
7. Tom __________ (say) he ___________ (read) the book twice.
3. 1． –What did you do on your uncle’s farm
--I _______the horse and _______some hens there.
A. ride; feed B. rode; fed C. rode; feed D. ride; fed
2．-- What does Miss Black do at weekends
-- She with some students often ___________ in the playground.
A. is running B. are running C. run D. runs
3．Tom __________ fishing, but he doesn’t like eating fish.
A. like B. enjoy C. enjoys D. likes to
4． We shall go to the park if it ______.
A. don’t rain B. won’t rain C. doesn’t rain D. didn’t rain
5．Tom ______ watch TV after supper _____ last night.
A. wasn’t; on B.didn’t; on C. doesn’t; in D.didn’t; /
6．—Would you like to climb mountains with me this Sunday
—I’d love to. But I _______ play table tennis against Class Three.
A. am going B. am going to C. am D. going to
7．Linda walked into the room and her coat away.
A. took B.takes C. is taking D. taking
8． Jim’s brother_________ five basketballs. A. have B. has C. is D. are
9．I _____ Lin Dong, M ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y English name ________Gina. A. am, am B. is, am C. Am is D. are , is
10．There ________a party tomorrow evening.I’ll go with my sisters..
A. has B. is going to have C. is going to be D. are going to be
11．---Do you kno ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )w that we won the football match -- Yes, I the news.
A.hear B.to hear C.have just heard D.just have heard
12．----Is James at h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ome -----No, he Ya’an to be a volunteer.
A.has gone to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B.has been to C.is going to D.are going to
13．Jim and Kate_______ in Beijing now. They both_______ from America.
A. is; come B. are; come C. is; is come D. are; are come
14．I have lunch at school, but my brother_______ lunch at school.
A. isn't have B. hasn't have C. don't have D. doesn't have
15．-- _______ your mother happy today --No, she_______.
A. Is ; isn't B. Are ; aren't C. Are; isn't D. Does; doesn't
16．Scientists thin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )k that there _____ life on Earth for millions of years.
A. has had B. have had C. has been D. have been
17．Some scientists ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )ve sent a spacecraft to Mars. It ____ several months to get there.
A. spent B. has spent C. has taken D. take
18．--- Where’s Mary ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) --- She _____ to Harbin.A. has been B. has gone C. goes D. went
19．we’ll climb Qianling Hills if it_____next Sunday.
A.won’t rain B.didn’t rain C.rained D.doesn’t rain
20．The boy is ________ see the teacher because he ________ a mistake.
A．afraid of; has B．afraid to; has made C．afraid to; make D．afraid of; made
同课章节目录
- 词法
- 名词
- 动词和动词短语
- 动词语态
- 动词时态
- 助动词和情态动词
- 非谓语动词
- 冠词
- 代词
- 数词和量词
- 形容词副词及其比较等级
- 介词和介词短语
- 连词和感叹词
- 构词法
- 相似、相近词比较
- 句法
- 陈述句
- 一般疑问句和否定疑问句
- 特殊疑问句及选择疑问句
- 反意疑问句
- 存在句(There be句型)
- 宾语从句
- 定语从句
- 状语从句
- 主谓一致问题
- 简单句
- 并列句
- 复合句
- 主谓一致
- 主、表语从句
- 名词性从句
- 直接引语和间接引语
- 虚拟语气
- 感叹句
- 强调句
- 倒装句
- 祈使句
- 句子的成分
- 句子的分类
- 题型专区
- 单项选择部分
- 易错题
- 完形填空
- 阅读理解
- 词汇练习
- 听说训练
- 句型转换
- 补全对话
- 短文改错
- 翻译
- 书面表达
- 任务型阅读
- 语法填空
- 其他资料