2015年中考专题复习主谓一致倒装句专题导学案

2015年中考专题复习主谓一致倒装句专题导学案
主谓一致：谓语动词和主语保持一致。主谓一致通常有三种原则：语法一致、意义一致和就近原则。
(一) 以下情况谓语动词用单数：
考点一：动词不定式、动名词、疑问词+不定式、从句 作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
1）Doing eye exercises _______ good for our eyes. ( be )
2) To obey the traffic rules _______ very important. ( be )
3) Where to go _____ not been decided. (have)
考点二：不定代词somebody / a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nybody/ everybody/ nobody/ someone / anyone/ anyone / everyone/ something / anything / everything /nothing/ each / every/ either/ neither等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
1) No one _____ that fa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ct . (know) 2）Nobody _______ that kind of man. ( like )
考点三：“形复意单”名词，如：news / grass / politics / physics / maths等作主语时谓语动词用单数。
1) The news ______ so surprising. (be)
2) Physics ______ interesting to learn. (be)
考点四：表示度量、距离、金额、时间、长度、 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )数学运算等复数名词作主语时，往往可以根据意义一致的原则，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语用单数形式。
1)Three years ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) ________ passed since then. (have) 2)Eleven kilometers ______ too far. (be)
3) One and a half years ______ passed. (have)
考点五：由and连接的两个单数名词作主 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )语时，一般用复数形式，但两个单数名词前如有every, each 或no 等词修饰或如果主语是同一个人、同一件事时，谓语动词用单数形式。
1）Every boy and every girl ____ __to help the farmers pick oranges.(want)
2）The writer and teacher ______ coming. ( be )
3) The writer and the teacher _____ coming. ( be )
【中考真题再现】
( )1.—How much _____the shoes –Five dollars_____ enough.（07 山东青岛）
A. is; is B. are; is C.are; are D. is ; are
( )2. Do you th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ink maths _____ very interesting A. am B. is C. are D. was
( )3. To help p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )atients _____doctors’ duty. A. is B. are C. am D. were
( )4. Everyone _____ I come from Beijing. Actually, I come from Shanghai.
A. find B. think C. finds D. thinks
(二) 以下情况谓语动词用复数：
考点六：名词，如：glas ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ses(眼镜), clothes（衣服）, trousers（裤子）, shoes（鞋子）, chopsticks（筷子）, scissors（剪刀）socks(袜子)，gloves(手套)等。但如果主语用“a kind of, a pair of , 等加名词”构成时，谓语动词一般用跟kind， pair保持一致。
1) A pair of shoes _____ on the desk. (be)
2)This pair of trousers __________ me. ( not fit)
3) Her trousers ______ black. (be)
考点七：“the +形容词”作主语，表示“一类人”时，谓语动词用复数形式；
“the +姓的复数”作主语为复数；
1) The old _____ taken good care of here. (be)
2) The Lius ______ watching TV now.(be)
★ 以下情况谓语动词有时用复数，有时用单数：
考点八：“分数/百分数+of+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式； 但“分数/百分数+of+ 不可数名词/单数可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。
1)Two thirds of the workers ______ from Japan.(be)
2)One fourth of my homework _____ been finished. (have)
考点九：某些集体名词，如family, team, class,, group等作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式，如果就其中一个个成员而言，谓语动词用复数形式。但people / police作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
1)His family ______a happy one. (be)
2)The whole family _____ watching TV. (be)
3) People here _____ very friendly. ( be )
( )4. The police ___busy looking for the missing child. A. is B. are C. have D. has
考点十：half of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )/ some of / most of / a lot of / the rest of / all of等短语作主语时，谓语动词要与of后的名词保持一致。
1) Most of the students in our school _____ ( go ) to school on foot.
2) Half of the bread ______ ( be ) dirty.
【中考真题再现】
( )1. Some of my classmates ____from other cities.
A. comes B. is C. are
(三) 就近原则
考点十一：所谓就近原则，是指谓语动词应与它最靠近它的那个主语的单、复形式相一致。如用连词or(或者)，_______________(或者…或者…), _______________ (既不…也不…), _______________ (不但...而且…)等连接的并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复数，谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致，还有______________ 句型。
1) Either your students or Mr. Wang _______this. (know)
2)Tom or his brothers _______waiting in the room.(be)
3) There _____ a pen, a knife, and several books on the desk.(be)
【中考真题再现】
( )1.Neither he n ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )or I ___from Japan, that is to say, neither of us_____ Japanese.
A. am; are B. are; is C. am ; is D. is; is
( )2. There _____some milk, two eggs and a few cakes on the table.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
( )3.There _____ a lot of rain in this area in August every year.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
(四) 就远原则
考点十二：当主语后面跟有 as w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ell as, ( along / together ) with, like, rather than, but, except, besides, including 等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的单、复数应与as well as 等前面的主语的人称、数相一致。
1)The teacher as wel ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l as the students ______reading in the library yesterday .(be)
2) The teacher with his students _____ gone to the library. (have)
3) He, like you and Xiao Li, _____ clever. (be)
【中考真题再现】
( )1. Everyone except Tom and John _____seen the film.
A. is B. has C. are D. have
( )2. Robert wit ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h his two sons ______ to the beach for vacation every year.
A. go B. goes C. went D. are going
(五) 其它考点
1、population “人口”，当作整体时，谓语动词用单数形式；但强调个体时（人口的几分之几，百分之几）作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
Eg: The population of China _____ 13.6 billion and 70% of the population ___ peasants. (be)
2、“a number of +复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式；表“许多…”
“ the number of +复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。“…….的数量”
1）There are a large ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) number of workers in the factory , who _______ from America. (be)
2）The number of the students in the college _____ 30000. (be)
3、“one of +复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；“one of +复数名词”后跟有定语从句时，谓语动词用复数形式；“the only one of +复数名词”后跟有定语从句时，谓语动词用单数形式；
1) John is one of the students who ______ passed the test. (have)
2) He is the only one of the boys who ______ been to Beijing. (not )
4、Chinese, Japa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nese, deer , sheep 等单复数同形的名词作主语时，它们自身在句中的内容决定其谓语动词的单、复形式。
1) Chinese _____ one of the eight subjects we must study at school. (be)
2) Sheep _____ white and milk _____ also white.(be)
【中考真题再现】
( )1. The number o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f the students who_____ the English club____ 20.
A. take ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )part in ; is B. join; are C. take part in; are D. join; is
( )2. The population of the world _____still_____ now.
A. has; grown B. is; growing C. will; grow D. is; grown
仔细观察下列各句的主语，选择适当的词填空。
1. The old _____________(is, are ) well looked after by the government in China.
2. The singer and musician ___________(is, are) very busy now.
3. Both the secretary ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )and the manager _________(has, have) agreed to attend the meeting.
4. Tom as well as two o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f his classmates ____________(was , were) invited to the party.
5. Either you or I ________ (am, are) going to the teachers office after class.
6. Most of his spare time __________(was, were )spent in reading.
7. This is one of the bes ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t novels that _________(has, have) appeared this year.
8. Ten thousand dollars ________(is, are) quite a large sum.
9. About 20 percent of the work __________( was , were ) done yesterday.
10. Mr. Smith, together with his children , ________(has, have) arrived.
11. Not only Tom but also his wife _________(is , are) fond of watching television.
12. When and where to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )build the new factory _________(isn’t, aren’t ) decided yet.
13. That they were wron ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g in these matters ________(is, are) now clear to us all.
14. A number of students _________(is , are) from the south.
15. The number of students from the north __________(is, are) small.
16. Each of the students ________(has, have) a Chinese-English dictionary.
17. They each __________(has , have ) a beautiful handkerchief.
18. Between the two rows ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of trees ___________(stand, stands ) the teaching building.
19. This pair of shoes __________(is, are) made in Nanjing.
No one except my parents __________(know , knows )anything about it.
专项练习—主谓一致练习
一、单项选择
1． of the teachers women in our school.
A. Two thirds ，is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. second three ,is C. Two thirds ,are D. Second three, are
2．None of us _____ running, but we all like swimming.
A.likes B.liked C.liking D.would like to
3． Neither John no ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r I _______ good at football. We hope to practice it well.
A. be B. am C. is D. are
4． Neither I nor my father_______ swimming.
A. like B. is like C. likes D. liking
5． There ________ an egg and some apples in the fridge.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
6．－Why are there _____ people over there
－Because there _____ lots of water.
A．a lot of; is B．lots of; are C．a lot; is D．a lot of; are
7．Tom _________my new classmate.
A. are B. is C. am D. be
8．My name ____ Jack. Liu Ying and Sun Mei ____ my friends.
A. is; are B. is; is C. are; is D. is; am
9．Eighty percent of the teachers ______ women teachers in our school.
A. is B. are C. be D. was
10．Here ____ the results _____ the students activity survey.
A. is; with B. are; of C. is; of D. are; with
11．---How many arms _____ there ----There _____ an arm.
A. are, are B. is, is C. are, is
12．—do you need more time to complete the task
--yes, another ten days _____ enough.
A. was B. were C. is D. are
13． Eighty percent of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ) the teachers ______ women teachers in our school.
A. is B. are C. be D. was
14．Here ____ the results _____ the students activity survey.
A. is; with B. are; of C. is; of D. are; with
15．The number of pe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ople invited _____fifty, but a number of them ______ absent (缺席) for different reasons.
A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were
16．In our class _____ of the students _____ girls.
A.third fifths ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ); is B.third fifth; are C.three fifth; is D.three fifths; are
17．They _______Sally and Bob. Sally _______my cousin.
A. are, am B. are, is C. are, are D. is, is
18．________ people________ walking along the beach.
A. A small number of ; is B. The number of ; are
C. A number of ; are D. The number of ; is
19． There some water in the glass.
A. be B. are C. is D. has
20． In our library, the number of books ________ more than 40,000.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
练习二1：Each of the students______ a dictionary.
A. have B. is C. are D. has
2： How time flies! Ten years ________ passed.
A. have B. has C. is D. are
3： Not only h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is parents but also his brother ________to the Summer Palace.
They haven’t been back.
A. have been B. have gone C. has been D. has gone
4：Look! There _______ playing with the tourists on Dahe Square.
A. are a number of deer B. are a number of deer C. is a number of deer D. is a number of deers
5：The Smiths ______ sending e-mails _______ letters．because it is faster．
A．prefer, to writing ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B．prefer，to write C．prefers，to writing D．prefers，to write
6：Everyone except Bill and Jim ______there when the meeting began.
A. was B. is C. are D. were
7：Either Jane or Steven _____ watching TV now．
A．were B．is C．are D. was
8：Since 2000, Nanchang has become a new city. Everything ______.
A. are changed ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. was changed C. has changed D. had changed
改错：
1. Both paper and ink is used up.
2. Eating too much are bad for your health.
3.This pair of shoes are my brother's.
4. Each of the boys have a dictionary.
5 Every one of the students in Class Two have two books .
6.I think maths are very difficult to learn.
7. A large number of students has gone to work in Xingjiang.
8.The mother with two children often go to the town.
用所给动词的适当形式填空
9. _____ (be) everything OK
10. Nobody _______ (know) the answer to the question.
11. Ten divided by two _______ (be) five.
12. Most of the drinking water ______ (be) from the Black River.
13. Not only she but also I _______ (do) morning exercises every day.
14. Either you or she _____ (have) made a wrong decision.
15. The family _____(be) spending the weekend together.
16. Bread and butter ______ (be) her daily breakfast.
17. The police _____ (be) trying to catch the thief.
18. The number ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of people invited _____ (be)fifty, but a number of them ____ (be)absent for different reasons.
Ⅲ. 选择填空。
（ ）19.There _____ many new words in Lesson One. It is very easy.
A. is B. aren’t C. isn’t D. are
（ ）20. ---These bananas look different and they are sweet.
---Right. They ______ here from Taiwan yesterday.
A. was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) brought B. were brought C. bring D. are brought
( ) 21. The Olympic Games _______ held every______ years.
A. is，four B. are，four C. is，five D. are，five
( ) 22. Look, here come some _______.
A. dog B. horse C. deer D. cow
( ) 23. The injured ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in the tsunami _____ good care of by some medical teams.
A. is taken B. are being taken
C. are taking D. is being taken
( ) 24. It is not J. K. Rowling but her works that _____ us excited.
A. makes B. is made C. make D. are made
( ) 25. On the closet _____ a pair of trousers his parents bought for his birthday.
A. lying B. lies C. lie D. is laid
( ) 26. Each man and each woman _____ asked to help when the fire broke out.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
( ) 27. About 60 percent of the students _____ from the south; the rest of them _____ from the north and foreign countries.
A. are; is B. is; is C. is; are D. are; are
( ) 28. They sa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )id the eighteenth and last lesson _______ quite easy.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
( ) 29. ---When are you going to Kumming for your holidays
---I haven’t decided. ______ this Sunday ______ next Sunday is OK.
A. Both; and B. Either; or C. Neither; nor D. Not only; but also
( ) 30.______ Hel ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en ______ Joan speaks beautiful Chinese after they came to China.
A. Neit ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )her; nor B. Not only; but also C. Both; and D. A and B
倒装句
为了强调或平衡句子结构，英语中常用倒 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )装。倒装有全部倒装和部分倒装。全部倒装是指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词置于主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do,does或did等,并将其置于主语之前。现将倒装句分类讲解如下：
1. 以here，there，now， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )then等地点或时间副词开头的句子,谓语动词是be, come, go, remain等，而主语又是名词时，用全部倒装。注意：如果句子的主语是代词时，则不倒装。如：Here comes the bus!/ Here it comes!
2. 有些动词与副词ou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t，in，up，down，away等构成不及物动词短语。为了使句子更生动，常将这些副词提前到句首，这时用全部倒装。注意：句子的主语是代词时，则不倒装。如：Up went the rocket. / Up it went.
　　3. 将表示地点的介词短语放在 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句首进行强调时，使用全部倒装。谓语动词常为不及物动词。如： From the window came the sound of music.
　　4. 当句子主语部分 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )较长，谓语部分较短，或为了强调句子的表语时,常使用全部倒装。句子的结构为“表语+系动词+主语”。如： Gone are the days when we had nothing to eat.
　　5. if虚拟条件状语从句中，如果将连词if省略，需用部分倒装。如：Were I you, I would go there.
　　6. as引导的让步状语从句的倒装有如下几种形式：
　　1) 从句的谓语部分为“不及物 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )动词+副词”时，常将此副词提前到从句句首。如：Hard as you try, you will not succeed.
　　2) 从句的谓语部分为“情态 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )动词+不及物动词”时，常将此动词提前到从句句首。如： Wait as you may, he will not see you.
　　3) 从句的谓语部分是“系动词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )+形容词”时，常将此表语形容词提前到从句句首。如： Proud as the nobles are, they are afraid to see me.
　　4) 从句的谓语部分是 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“系动词+单数名词”时，则常将这个表语提前，但要省略名词前的不定冠词。如： Child as he is, he can tell right from wrong.
　　7. 具有(半)否定意义的词或短语位于句首时，用部分倒装。如：seldom, rarely, not, never, by no means, in no time, hardly...when, no sooner...than, not only...but also等。如： Not only does he do well in his lessons, but also he often helps others with their lessons.
　　8. “only+状语”位 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )于句首时, 用部分倒装。如：Only then did I know the importance of English.
　　9. so...that结构中，有时要强 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )调so所修饰的形容词或副词，常将so 连同它所修饰的形容词或副词一起提前放在句首。如： So bright was the moon that the flowers seem as bright as by day.
专项练习—倒装句练习
一、单项选择
1．—They have been to Australia.
—So I.
A.do B. have been C. did D. have
2．—David has made great progress recently.—_____, and _____.
A.So he has, so you have B.So he has, so have you
C.So has he, so have you D.So has he, so you have
3．—I have never been to Qingdao before.
—_____. But I want to spend my summer vacation there next year.
A.Neither do I B.Neither have I C.So have I
4．— Chen Lin’s spoken English is very good.
— ___________ She often talks with her teachers in English.
A. So she is. B. So is she. C. So it is.
5． — I really hate ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) winter, because I’m afraid of coldness.— __________
A. So did I. B.So I do. C. So do I.
6．--Kate has made great progress these days.--___,and____.
A.So she has,so you have.
B.So she has,so have you.
C.So has she,so have you.
7．—David has made great progress recently. —_____, and _____.
A.So he has; so you have B.So he has; so have you
C.So has he; so have you D.So has he; so you have
8． Only when the work is done ________ be able to go back home.
A．you have B．you will C．will you D．have you
9． She is a good student, and works very hard, _________.
A. So it is with him B. So does him C. so it he D. neither does he
10．I hear Lucy wrote an English paper yesterday.
________,and ________.
A.So she did…so did I
B. So did she…so I did
C.So she was…so I was
11．—It’s very hot, but quite wet today.—_____
A.So it is. B.It is so. C.So is it. D.So it does.
12．--Wei Fang ‘s back from Beijing .---_________and _______.
A.So she has ,so have her parents B.So is she ,so her parents are
C.So has she ,so her parents have D.So she is ,so are her parents
13．---- My best frie ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )nd left me because I hit him on the face last night .
----______________ .You were so rude.
A．It serves you right B. So you did
C．So did she D. It depends
14．---Daming ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) didn’t finish his homework yesterday.----_________________.
A. So did I B. Neither did I C. So I did D. Neither I did
15．---- My b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )est friend left me because I hit him on the face last night .
----______________ .You were so rude.
A．It serves you right B. So you did
C．So did she D. It depends
16．—As a member of bus drivers, I am proud of Wu Bin.
—___________. He is a hero in my heart.
A. So am I B. So do I C. So I am D.Neither am I
17．—I have seen the film Where Are We Going, Dad
— ______. I think it’s wonderful.
A. Neither have I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. So have I C. Neither I have D. So I have
18．—I have many books to read these days.—Me, too.
A．So have I B．So I have C．So do I D．So I do.
19．-- We have plenty of rules at my house.
---_________. For example, I have to stay at home on school nights.
A. So I am B. So am I C. So we do D. So do we
20．-- Mary likes swimming.--- ______ .
A. So do I. B. I do so. C. So I do. D. So does I
21．—What’s your plan for the coming weekend
— There’s going to be a horse show. If you go there, .
A. I do so B. so I will C. so do I D. so will I
22．—I saw the film last year, What about you —_______．
A．So did I B．So I did C．So I do D．So do I
23．--I hear Lin Tao m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )ade an English speech at the graduation ceremony yesterday.
-- _______, and _______.
A. So he did; so did I B. So did he; so I did
C. So he was; so was I D. So was he; so I was
24．----My parents enjoy music. ----_________________.
A. So does my sister. B. So did my sister
C. So my sister does D. So My sister did
25．—If you don’t go there， ．
A．so do I B．so will I
C．neither do I D．neither will I
26． My brother and I will go to the library tomorrow.
– . shall we go together
A. So I do B. So do I C. So will I D. So I will
27．— I always feel a little nervous when I talk to the headmaster.
— ______ . She is strict, but she’s also kind to her students.
A. What a pity B. Take it easy C. So do I D. That’s right
28．—Kunming is really a comfortable city to live in.
—_________.The weather is pleasant.
A. So it is B. So is it C. So it does. D. So does it
29．.--- Cathy could swim when she was only 4 years old.
---_______________.
A. So did Jack. B.So can Jack C. So could Jack
30．-- Mary is going to Shanghai for the winter vacation.
-- _______________
A.So I am B. Me, neither C. So am I D. So he is.