2015年中考英语专题复习导学案：被动语态

2015年中考英语专题复习导学案：被动语态
概念/结构：
1.主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者。
被动语态: 表示主语是动作的承受者。
Eg) He wrote a novel. （主语he 是动作wrote 的执行者，是主动语态。）
The classroom was cleaned by him yesterday.
（主语the classroom 是动作的承受者，是被动语态。）
2.被动语态用法：
1）当我们不知道动作的执行者是谁，或动作的执行者是谁并不重要时，需用被动语态。
Eg) Street lights are often turned on at six in winter.
The new text book will be used next term.
2) 当需要强调动作的承受者时，常用被动语态。
Eg)This kind of bicycle is not sold in our shop.
The thief was caught by a policeman yesterday.
3) 被动语态基本结构 : be done
注意点:（be必须与主语的人称和数量保持一致，并有时态的变化 ）
主谓一致莫忘记，句中时态要留意
3. 主动语态和被动语态的转换:
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
Eg) I learn English.
English is learned by me.(注意:主格变宾格)
4. 将下列句子改为被动语态
1) They speak English. _______________________________
2) Tom sells bikes in that shop every day. __________________
3）The government built the nature reserve. ________________________
4) People don’t really understand the importance of wildlife.
_______________________________________________________
各时态的被动语态：
1. 一般现在时：am/is/are+done
一般过去时：was/were+done
练习：
1）Rice ___________ (grow) in our hometown every year.
2）The fire ________ （put） out by the firemen two minutes ago.
3）_______ the windows _______ (close) by Tom every day
4）_______ these photos _______ (take) by them last time
5）How often ________ a meeting ____________ (hold) in your company
2.情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be done
练习:1）He must__________(take)to hospital.
2）Homework may____________(not hand) in tomorrow.
3）Thousands of trees should________(grow)on each side of the road.
4）Should the bottle ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )______________ (shake) before the medicine is taken
5）When should the work ___________ (finish)
3.一般将来时：will/shall+ be done am/is/are going to+ be done
1）Many people _______________ (invite) to our show tomorrow.
2）A party _______________ (organize) by our school tonight.
3）__________ the meeting _________ (hold) in the hall next week
4）___________ all the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) roads ___________ (cover) with snow tomorrow morning
4. 现在完成时：have/has been done
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
特殊句型被动：
1. make/ hear/ see sb do sth-----be made/ heard/ seen to do
hear/ see sb doing sth-----be heard/seen doing
2. 主动语态中动词+双宾语的
① give sb sth----- sth be given to sb
show sb sth--- sth be shown to sb
lend sb sth--- sth be lent to sb
pass sb sth--- sth be passed to sb
send sb sth--- sth be sent to sb
② buy sb sth--- sth be bought for sb
get sb sth --- sth be got for sb
make sb the--- sth be made for sb
3. 尾巴上的介词不能丢
1）和老人讲话应该要有礼貌.
The old should ________________________________.
2）应该好好地照顾那些病人.
The sick should __________________________________
3）残疾人不应该受到歧视/讥笑.
The disabled shouldn’t _________________________________.
4. 含有宾补(位置不变）
1) We call him Jim. __________________________________
2) We should make our town stronger. ____________________
3) I found the dog dead. ________________________________
无被动：
1) 不及物动词/ 一些短语
appear/ disappear/ die/fail
happen/take place/ break out/ break down/ belong to /come out
2) 系动词
be/ feel/ sound/ look/smell/taste
3）当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候
wash well/easily, sell well, wear well (耐穿）， grow well, write well, read well
六．被动在主将从现中的应用：
1. You can go out if your homework ______________ (finish).
2. You should stand up if you ________________ (ask).
3. Your mother will be angry if your homework ____________ (finish).
4. Our town will be more beautiful if more trees __________ (plant).
5. It won’t take a long time if the bridge ____________ (build).
巩固练习
一、选择题
( )1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year
A. Is; built ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build
( )2. An accident ____ on this road last week.
A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened
( )3.Cotton（棉花） ____ in the southeast of China.
A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow
( )4.So far, the moon ____ by man already.
A. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited
( )5.A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week.
A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives
( )6.How many trees ____ this year
A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted
( )7.A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now.
A. are doing B. are being done C. has been done D. will be done
( )8.--When ___ this kind of computers______ --Last year.
A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used
( )9.The Great Wall ____ all over the world.
A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known
( )10.Who _____ this book _____
A. did; written B. was; written by C. did; written D. was; written
( )11.A story _____ by Granny yesterday.
A. was told us B. was told to us C. is told us D. told us
( )12.The monkey was seen _____ off the tree.
A. jump B. jumps C. jumped D. to jump
( )13.The school bag ___ behind the chair.
A. puts B. can be put C. can be putted D. can put
( )14.Older people ____ well.
A. looks after B. must be looked after C. must look after D. looked after
( )15.Our teacher ______ carefully.
A. should be listened to B. should be listen C. be listened D. is listened
二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。
1.It's said(据说) tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t the long bridge______________（build）in two months．
2.Where to have the meeting ______________ （discuss）now．
3.Which language _______the most widely_______（speak）in the world？
4.The lost boy_____________（not find）so far．
5.Last year a large number of trees______________（cut）down．
6. The students _____ often _____(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.
7. The old man is ill. He ______ (must send) to the hospital.
8. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_________ (sell) in this shop.
9. What _______ knives ______ (make) of
They_______________(make) of metal(金属) and wood.
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
Ⅰ单项选择
1. Good bo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oks ____ again and again.
A. should be readed B. should be read C. must read D. ought to read
2. The children ____ by the nurse.
A. were looked B. looked after C. were looked after D. looked
3. He ___ some pieces of advice, but he ____ to them.
A. gave, didn't listen B. was given, wasn't listened C. give, wasn't listened D. was given, didn't listen
4. When____ the accident _____
A. was, happen B. did, happen C. is, happen D. was, happened
5. The question ____ by us soon.
A. is going to discuss B. will discuss C. is going to be discussed D. has been discussed
6. The lab ____ about five years ago.
A. was builded B. was built C. builds D. has been built
7. A lot of tall ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )buildings _____ in his hometown in the last three years.
A. have set up B. have been set up C. were set up D. set up
8. They ____ printing ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )500 copies by the end of last month.
A. had finished B. have finished C. had been finished D. have been finished
9. Rice ___ also _____ in their hometown.
A. is…grown B. is…grew C. was…grew D. was…grown
10. He ____ by the teachers.
A. is always praised B. praises C. have been praised D. always is praised
11. Great ch ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )anges ____ place. Many new schools____ .
A. have taken, have been opened B. take, are open
C. are taken, open D. have been taken, are opened
12. The picture______ in October, 1996.
A. was taking B. had been taken C. was taken D. had taken
13. We can't use th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e bridge now, because it______ .
A. has been repaired B. is repairing C. is repaired D. is being repaired
14. I ______the w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ay to the railway station by a policeman.
A. was shown B. showed C. have shown D. was showing
15. The war______ in 1941.
A. broke out B. had been broken out C. was broken out D. had broken out
16. When water______ , it will be changed into vapour.
A. is heated B. heating C. has heated D. heats
17. We can't enter ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the room because its door______ .
A. locked B. locks C. is locked D. is locking
18. They ______day and night.
A. are made work B. are made to work
C. made to be worked D. are making to work
19. Chang'an Road i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s ______of people.
A. filled B. fill C. full D. fulled
20. Man-made satellit ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es ______into space by many countries.
A. was sent up B. is sent up
C. have been sent up D. has been sent up
21. This Engli ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sh song _____ often _____ by the children.
A. is, singing B. is, sung C. will, sing D. was, sung
22.The windows of o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ur house _____once a week.
A. must clean B. have cleaned C. is cleaned D. are cleaned
23. When ______ the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) People's Republic of China_____
A. was, found B. was, founded C. did, found D. does, found
24. Mary's radio ______ by my brother just now.
A. will be mended B. has mended C. was mended D. mended
25. Your exercise book ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s _____ after class.
A. will hand in B. must hand in
C. handed in D. must be handed in
26. Some trees may ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) ______ at other times of the year.
A. be planted B. plant C. are planted D. will be planted
27. The sun _____ at night as usual.
A. can be seen B. can't see C. can't be seen D. doesn't see
28. A new English pl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ay _____ there next week.
A. will put on B. will be put on
C. is going to put on D. will be putted on
29. A strange thing _____ in our school yesterday.
A. was happened B. has been happened
C. happened D. was going to happen
30. The glass __ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )____ . It _____ by little Tom this morning.
A. broke, is broken B. is broken, was broken
C. was broken, broke D. has been broken, broken
二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。（1×20=20分）(请注意时态和语态两个方面)
1.It's said(据说) th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at the long bridge______________（build）in two months．
2.Where to have the meeting ______________ （discuss）now．
3.Which language _______the most widely_______（speak）in the world？
4.The lost boy_____________（not find）so far．
5.Last year a large number of trees______________（cut）down．
6. The students _____ often _____(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.
7. The old man is ill. He ______ (must send) to the hospital.
8. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_________ (sell) in this shop.
9. What _______ knives ______ (make) of
They_______________(make) of metal(金属) and wood.
10. Can the magazine ________ (take) out of the library
11. The room _____________ (clean) by me every day.
12. The stars can’t _____________ (see) in the daytime.
13. Some flowers _______________ (water) by Li Ming already.
14. This kind of shoes __________ (sell) well.
15. How long _____ your uncle ______(be) in the city
16. The food _____________ (smell) delicious.
17. Look! Someone __________(dance).
三、按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。 （1×30=30分）
1.Is tea grown in South China？（改为主动语态）
_______ people _________ tea in South China？
2.I am given a birthday present by my parents every year．（同义句转换）
A birthday pre ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sent _______ _______ _______ _______by my parents every year．
3.The work is going to be finished in two days. (对划线提问)
How_______ _______ the work going to be finished
4. The children will sing an English song. (改为被动语态)
An English song ______ ______ _______ by the children.
5. You needn't do it now. (改为被动语态)
It ______ ________ ________ by you now.
6. People use metal for making machines. (改为被动语态)
Metal ________ _________ _______making machines.
7. He made me do that for him. (改为被动语态)
I ______ ________ ________ ______ that for him.
8.They are watching the football match.
The football match _______ _______ _______ by them.
9.Did they build a bridge here a year ago (改为被动语态)
__________ a bridge ____________ here by them a year ago
10.They have sold out the light green dresses. (改为被动语态)
The light green dresses ________ _________ ___________ out.
11.We call the game “Lianliankan”. (改为被动语态)
The game _______ ________ “Lianliankan” by us.
四、根据所给汉语完成句子，一空一词。 (1×10=10分)
①The new bike ______ ______ _____ _____ （买给我）by my parents as a present last week．
②_______ your mobile phone _______ _______ ________（是国产的吗）？
③The whole mountain is _________ _________ (覆盖) the snow.
五、下列各句均有一处错误，请找出并改正过来。 （10分）
①I have a lot of homework to be done tonight． ____________
②Is your history teach ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er listened carefully in class？ ____________
③Lei Feng's name remembered by all Chinese people． ____________
④The music is sounded beautiful. ____________
⑤By who was this new educational CD-ROM designed _____________
Ⅱ把下列句子改为被动语态
1. I saw ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the boy run yesterday.
2. He told me that he would come back soon.
3. You can find a lot of differences between the two languages.
4. Do you water your flowers every day
5. The wind blew down the big tree last night.
6. I think that he is right.
7. He had not thrown the bad food.
8. Mother was not mending the trousers.
9. They would not take him to Beijing.
10. Nobody knew me in this town at that time.
11.The city officials have made a plan to turn Beijing into a green city.
12.Millions of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) people from all over the world visited the Great Wall every year.
13.In 2005 Chine sent up another manned spaceship into space.
14.The teacher is going to mark the students' homework tonight.
15.They will make some parts of the car in this factory.
16.They are writ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing a report about the negative effects of cellphones at school.
17.The parents are taking good care of their test-tube babay.
18.They should collect money for the project.
19.I saw him enter the Realcine yesterday afternoon.
20.People say that she has some supernatural powers.
21.They make machines in than factory.
22.Everyone likes the song.
23.He doesn't show the stamps to me.
24.People don't grow rice in the west of Japan.
25.He often helps Tom when Tom is in trouble.
26.Do the workers build the buildings
27.Does Kate sometimes break glasses
28.Do you always send a letter to Mr.Hu
29.What does the teacher often tell the boys to do
30.How many desks do they buy every year

将下列句子变为主动时态句子
31.That kind of shoes was sold in this shop last week.
32.We were told a story by granny last night.
33.The dictionary wasn't given to me yesterday.
34.Was the blackboard cleaned just now
35.When was supper cooked yesterday
36.Where were they made
37.The young tree must be tied to the stick.
38.The bike can't be mended in that shop.

将下列句子变为被动语态
1. We can finish the work in two days.
2. They produce silk in Suzhou.
3. The children will sing an English song.
4. You needn't do it now.
5. Lily sent me a New Year card last week.
6. People use metal for making machine.
7. He made me do that for him.
8. I have given this book to the library.
9. Did they build a bridge here a year ago.
10. We'll put on an English play in our school.
11. More and more farmers buy the TV sets.
12. My brother often mends his watch.
13. We must water the flowers every day.
14. They use knives for cutting things.
15. He made the farmers work for a long time.

用所给动词的正确形式填空
1.The students ______often ______ to take care of their desks and chairs.
2.That play _________ on again sometimes next month.
3.The old man is ill.He ___________ to the hospital.
4.Vegetables,eggs and fruits ________ in this shop.
5.---What _____ a knife ___ of
--It ________ _________ of metal and wood.
6.A piano concert _______ ________ here last Friday.
7.________ the magazine ________ out of the library.
8.The room ________ by me every day.
9.The stars _________ in the daytime.
10.Some flowers __________ by LiMing already.
11.These kinds of machines _________ in Japan.
12.Apples __________ on this farm.
13.Russian _______] as the second language by some students in China.
14.Planes ,cars and ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) trains ________ by bussiness people for travelling.
15.The cinemas _______ in 1985.