【精品解析】江苏省盐城市2022年中考英语真题

江苏省盐城市2022年中考英语真题
一、单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
1．（2022·盐城） Travelling to Yancheng, ____ beautiful seaside city, is a fantastic experience.
A．a B．an C．the D．
2．（2022·盐城） Girls in our class show interest in ____. Some like painting and others like dancing.
A．art B．sports C．fashion D．literature
3．（2022·盐城） Lucy and Lily are twins. Even their parents find it hard to tell the differences ____ them.
A．from B．with C．between D．among
4．（2022·盐城） We'll have a picnic in the park this Sunday ____ there is a heavy rain.
A．whether B．unless C．since D．because
5．（2022·盐城） — Coffee or milk, Jeff
— ____ is OK. I care little about it.
A．Both B．None C．Either D．Neither
6．（2022·盐城） Safety comes first. Everyone on the coach ____ wear the seat belt.
A．can B．can't C．must D．mustn't
7．（2022·盐城） Millie ____ a lot about sea-salt culture since she came to Yancheng.
A．learns B．learned C．will learn D．has learned
8．（2022·盐城） Good news comes that China has sent Shenzhou XIV to space ____ the unknown world.
A．explore B．explored C．exploring D．to explore
9．（2022·盐城） — What should we take when going birdwatching
— You'd better take a pair of binoculars which will help you see more ____.
A．quietly B．clearly C．politely D．seriously
10．（2022·盐城） Spud Webb ____ at first because of his height, but he didn't lose heart.
A．refuses B．refused
C．was refused D．will be refused
11．（2022·盐城） Mr. Li often looks up ____ information on Health Yancheng app before going to hospital.
A．personal B．medical C．national D．musical
12．（2022·盐城） UNICEF is part of the United Nations. It was ____ in Europe in 1946.
A．set up B．put up C．cut down D．put down
13．（2022·盐城） —Can you tell me ____
—Never spend too much time on screen.
A．how we can have bright eyes
B．why we should protect our eyes
C．where we can see an eye doctor
D．when we should do eye exercises
14．（2022·盐城） — Mum, to lose weight, I'll eat less and exercise more.
— You promised many times Remember ____.
A．a miss is as good as a mile
B．many hands make light work
C．the grass is always greener on the other side
D．actions speak louder than words
15．（2022·盐城） —To live a green life, we should do something actively.
—____. Let's start from now on.
A．Never mind B．I agree
C．It doesn't matter D．That's all right
二、完形填空（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
（2022·盐城）完形填空
Once upon a time, there was a little sparrow. This sparrow was always on the hunt for something to eat and one day he happened upon a big bean. But before he could 16． it, he had to wash his hands. He hid the bean on a bridge and flew down to the 17． below to clean up.
"I just can't wait for my wonderful 18． ," the sparrow said to himself. Then he 19． his way back up to the bridge. "I won't have to work for a week!" But when he got back to his 20． place, the bean was gone!
As the sparrow flew around looking for his lost treasure, he saw a 21． coming over the bridge. " 22． , can you help me find my bean " the sparrow asked. "Please, do I look like I have time to find a tiny bean Find it 23． ," said the farmer as he walked away.
Next, the sparrow saw a soldier coming over the bridge. He asked the soldier the 24． question. "Please, little bird, I have no time for you," he said and walked on. Then a minister（大臣）came walking by, but 25． the sparrow could even ask, he laughed and walked away. The little bird had 26． given up hope, when the king came up the bridge, riding on an elephant. The sparrow repeated his question, but the king didn't 27． him. The sparrow sat on the bridge, hungry and sad.
An ant came by. After he heard the sparrow's story, he went up to the elephant. "Tell the king to find that poor bird's 28． , or I will go inside your ear and bite you!" The elephant stopped, turned to the king and said, "Go help that sparrow, or I will throw you off." The king was 29． . He called the minister over and the minister ordered the soldier. Then the soldier went over to the farmer, "Find that bird's bean, or I'll kick you off this bridge!" The farmer 30． all day and as the sun was setting, he finally found the bean. The sparrow was thankful, and he ate well for the next week.
16．A． plant B． sell C． drop D． eat
17．A． hill B． river C． tree D． forest
18．A． breakfast B． lunch C． supper D． dinner
19．A． lost B． felt C． made D． fought
20．A． sleeping B． playing C． working D． hiding
21．A． farmer B． soldier C． minister D． king
22．A． Thank you B． Excuse me C．I'm sorry D． Come on
23．A． myself B． herself C． yourself D． himself
24．A． same B． different C． opposite D． common
25．A． while B． after C． before D． until
26．A． again B． almost C． already D． always
27．A． get on with B． catch up with
C． take notice of D． think highly of
28．A． meat B． drink C． fruit D． food
29．A． scared B． satisfied C． excited D． bored
30．A． regretted B． thought C． waited D． searched
三、阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
（2022·盐城） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
The Spring and Autumn and the Warring States Period was an age of great culture development in China. Here are some great characters of that time.
Shang Yang reformed many fields. Before the reform, he placed a log（原木）at the gate and promised, "If someone can move the log, he will get a reward." No one believed him until someone moved the log, Shang Yang really gave him a reward.
Do you know Lu Ban lock It is a removable toy. Lu Ban made it for his son. His son studied all night before opening it. He also invented many tools and weapons（武器）.
Li Bing was an expert in water projects. He set up many water projects. Dujiangyan is the most famous. It made water helpful to the people.
Once, an official fell unconscious（昏迷的）. Everyone thought he was dead except Bian Que. Bian Que felt his weak pulse and said. "He will wake up in three days." Two days later, the official woke up. Everyone was amazed.
When Bo Ya played, even the horses looked up, listened to his music and stopped eating. Bo Ya's friend, Zhong Ziqi, understood his music. They liked each other. After Ziqi died, Bo Ya broke his guqin and never played it any more.
31．Why did Shang Yang make a promise before the reform
A．To give people a reward.
B．To sell the log at the market.
C．To fix the gate of the building.
D．To make people believe him.
32．Which of the following is TRUE according to the article
A．Lu Ban was an ancient inventor.
B．Zhong Ziqi was good at playing guqin.
C．Li Bing was an expert in building houses.
D．Bian Que once made a dead person back to life.
33．What's the main theme（主题）of the article above
A．Famous people. B．Chinese medicine.
C．Traditional music. D．Important inventions.
（2022·盐城） 阅读理解
One teacher praises a student by saying "You're so smart!" Another teacher says, "You must have worked really hard at this!" Which student does better in school Studies show that students who hear the words of the second teacher will do better. Those students are learning that their effort is important.
Psychologists（心理学家）looked at what students did after they were given different types of praise. Some students were told that they were good at a task. They didn't try very hard the next time. Other students were told that they had worked hard at a task. They worked even harder the next time. The first group of students was learning that they had a set amount of skill. They didn't think they could do any better. This is called a fixed mindset（思维模式）. The second group was learning that they could do better if they kept trying. This is called a growth mindset. People who have a growth mindset believe that the brain can grow; people can do better and learn new skills. If they work hard, they can be successful.
How can teachers and parents help students succeed They can focus mainly on effort and not simply on ability. When students succeed, teachers and parents should praise the actual work rather than intelligence（智力）or talent. When students fail, they should be told how they can do better. Teachers, parents and students need to value effort, not intelligence.
Beliefs of Fixed and Growth Mindsets
Fixed Mindset Growth Mindset
Things you're born with that cannot change Things you can grow and improve with hard work
Something to avoid—could show lack of skill Something important—leads to success
Things to avoid—in case you aren't good enough Things that help you learn
34．What kind of people have fewer chances to succeed according to the article
A．People with a growth mindset.
B．People with a fixed mindset.
C．People who often learn from challenges.
D．People who often learn from mistakes.
35．From the form we can know people with a growth mindset consider challenges as ____.
A．things they're born with
B．things they need to avoid
C．things that help them learn
D．things that stop them improving
36．How does the writer organize the ideas in the article
A．By telling stories. B．By listing numbers.
C．By drawing mind maps. D．By comparing facts.
（2022·盐城） 阅读理解
Maggie, Travis and Lucy's science teacher set a special test for them. They had to work out different kinds of problems within limited time to get out of a locked room.
For the past hour, Maggie, Travis and Lucy had been locked inside a room decorated like a mad scientist's laboratory. Together they decoded（破译）a secret language and solved a difficult maths problem.
The last challenge, however, stopped them. The key to the door was trapped in a block of ice.
"We have to melt the ice," Lucy said.
"But there's nothing hot here!" Maggie complained.
Travis pulled off his sweatshirt and wrapped（裹）it around the ice. "This keeps me warm," he reasoned.
A few minutes passed by, but the ice didn't melt.
"Isn't cloth an insulator（隔热材料） " Lucy asked. She tried to remember what she had learned in science class. "Heat always flows from warm objects to cold ones. The heat in the air will eventually melt the ice, but we need to find something that will help heat move from the air to the ice more quickly."
"What about glass " Maggie asked.
"Glass is also an insulator. It keeps heat from moving," Lucy said. Then she noticed a large metal tray（金属托盘）across the room. "This might work!"
Lucy put the block of ice onto the tray. Everybody's eyes moved between the clock and the ice. Would they be able to free the key in time
At last, the key lay in the water on the tray. The three friends rushed out of the room in the last minute.
"We made it!" Travis cheered. "Good thing you paid attention in science class!"
37．What final challenge did the three friends need to complete
A．To solve a maths problem.
B．To learn a secret language.
C．To find their science teacher.
D．To get the key trapped in ice.
38．What does Travis mean by saying "This keeps me warm"
A．His sweatshirt can help melt the ice.
B．He dislikes his sweatshirt.
C．His sweatshirt is of good quality.
D．He wants to take off his sweatshirt.
39．What does the underlined word "eventually" probably mean
A．carefully B．suddenly C．finally D．properly
40．What's the best title for the story
A．Changing Ice into Water B．Decorating the Laboratory
C．Running away from the Room D．Preparing for a Science Class
（2022·盐城） 阅读理解
He was an old man who fished alone in a boat and he had gone eighty-four days now without taking a fish. In the first forty days a boy had been with him. But after forty days without a fish, the boy's parents had told him that the old man was now exactly and finally salao, which is the worst form of unlucky, and the boy had gone at their orders in another boat which caught three good fish the first week.
It made the boy sad to see the old man come in each day with his boat empty and be always went down to help him carry fishing tools.
The old man was thin with deep wrinkles(皱纹)in the back of his neck. His hands had the deep scars(疤)from dealing with heavy fish. But none of these scars were fresh.
Everything about him was old except his eyes and they were the same colour as the sea and were cheerful and full of confidence.
"Santiago," the boy said to him as they climbed from the bank where the boat was pulled up. "I could go with you again. We've made some money."
The old man had taught the boy to fish and the boy loved him. "No." the old man said. "You're with a lucky boat. Stay with them."
"But remember how you went eighty-seven days without fish and then we caught big ones every day for three weeks."
"I remember," the old man said. "I know you did not leave me willingly."
"It was papa made me leave. I am a boy and I must do what he told me to."
"I know." the old man said. "I quite understand that."
"He hasn't much faith(信念)."
"No." the old man said. "But we have. Haven't we "
"Yes." the boy said. "Can I offer you a beer on the Terrace and then we'll take the fishing tools home."
"Why not " the old man said. "Between fishermen."
They sat on the Terrace and many of the fishermen made fun of the old man and he was not angry. Some other older fishermen looked at him and were sad. But they didn't show it and they spoke politely about the sea, the weather and of what they had seen.
41．How many days did the old man go fishing with the boy according to Paragraph 1
A．Forty. B．Forty-four. C．Eighty-four. D．Eighty-seven.
42．What does the underlined word "that" refer to
A．The boy would leave him sooner or later.
B．The boy had to listen to his parents and left him.
C．He couldn't catch fish because he was too old.
D．He couldn't succeed without the boy's support.
43．What is the right order of the story about the boy in the passage
①The old man caught some big fish with the boy.
②The old man taught the boy how to fish on the sea.
③The boy wanted to go fishing with the old man again.
④The boy helped the old man take the fishing tools home.
A．①④③② B．②①③④ C．②③④① D．③④①②
44．What can we learn from the last paragraph of the story
A．The old man liked to make fun of other fishermen.
B．The old man often provided beer for other fishermen.
C．All fishermen laughed at the old man except the boy.
D．Some fishermen felt sad for the old man and tried to help him.
45．From the story we can know that the old man was ____.
A．a man who often showed off
B．a man who never gave up
C．a man who sometimes got angry
D．a man who seldom stayed calm
（2022·盐城） 阅读下面短文，从所给选项中选出能填入空白处最佳选项，使短文通顺，结构完整，其中有一项是多余选项。
Nature is full of great ideas. 　46． 　
Many blind people use canes to move around. They tap their canes on the ground in front of them to feel if anything is in their way. One amazing invention was a new cane to help blind people. It helps them move around more safely. This invention was an idea from bats. 　47． 　These signals（信号）are almost the same as the bats use when they fly.
How bats get around
Bats make sounds when they fly at night. People cannot hear these sounds, but they help bats fly in the dark. Bats send sound waves out of their mouth or nose. These sound waves hit objects around them. Then they come back as an echo. The echo tells bats how far away things like trees are. 　48． 　
An amazing idea
The scientist who invented the new cane watched how bats fly. 　49． 　 He added something that sends and receives sound waves. Finally, he tested the cane. It worked!
　50． 　
The cane sends out signals. When an echo is sent back, the cane's handle vibrates（振动）. This helps the person holding the cane know how far away an object is. They will also know how big the object is.
This cane shows that great ideas really can come from nature.
A. How the cane works
B. Then he built a lightweight cane.
C. It also helps them know where to find food to eat.
D. The cane works by sending out sound waves or signals.
E. People will get more new ideas from the bats and other animals.
F. Some inventors get ideas from nature to make some useful things.
四、阅读并回答问题（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）
（2022·盐城） 回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过6个词。
Hand gestures have been commonly used in our daily communication. They add to the message by filling in what words sometimes leave behind. But are you aware of the history that goes behind some of these popular hand gestures Probably not. Unsurprisingly, each of them has its special history.
Handshake Whether you're greeting someone for the first time, or successfully reaching an agreement, shaking hands is usually the go-to gesture. Who decided on this gesture, anyway The handshake dates back to ancient Greece where it was used as a way to show peace. High Five Whether you entered the final competition or won a debate（辩论）, you were probably given or received a high five before. According to some sources, the high five first became popular when baseball players performed at Dodger Stadium on October 2, 1977. Glenn Burke, one of the players, lifted his arm high above his head and slapped palms with his teammate Dusty Baker to celebrate a victory, marking what is widely considered as the first record of a high five. The Fist Bump The fist bump comes from boxers（拳击手）in the 1970s after people copied how they touched gloves before a competition. Later instead of shaking hands, fist bumps became popular among basketball players. The gesture soon spread to all basketball lovers.
51．What was handshake used as in ancient Greece
52．What kind of sport does the high five gesture come from
53．Why do people have a high five with others
54．Which gesture do basketball players usually prefer
55．What is the passage mainly about
五、词汇（一）根据句意和汉语提示写出单词，完成句子。（每小题1分）
56．（2022·盐城） The temperature begins to 　 　（上升）when spring comes.
57．（2022·盐城）Drive 　 　（径直地）on, and you'll find Sunshine Park on your left.
58．（2022·盐城） Everyone in our class believes what Mary says because she is 　 　（诚实的）.
59．（2022·盐城） Fishing in Snow, written by Liu Zongyuan, is one of my favourite 　 　（诗歌）.
60．（2022·盐城） We like to play by quiet streams or 　 　（在……下面）the tall trees while camping.
六、/strong>、词汇（二）根据句意用所给单词的适当形式填空。（每小题1分）
61．（2022·盐城） Students now have less homework and 　 　（much）spare time.
62．（2022·盐城） Grandpa is in his 　 　 (ninety), but he is still willing to learn new things.
63．（2022·盐城）Everyone's small acts of 　 　（kind）can make a big difference to the world.
64．（2022·盐城） The Milu deer live 　 　（comfortable）and freely in Dafeng Nature Reserve.
65．（2022·盐城）Cheer up! It doesn't matter who wins because playing football 　 　（it）is great fun.
（2022·盐城） 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。
I grew up in the countryside. At around 10 years old, I began to learn cooking. The first skill I mastered was making dough（面团）. Since my parents often came home l　66． 　, a prepared dough would help my family have supper sooner. I thought it would be e　67． 　 because I often saw my mum do it — just mix water and flour, right Not quite! It turned out to be a m　68． 　 for a while. First I made the dough too soft. Then I made it too hard. But as I kept trying, I learned the trick.
Later, I cooked fried dishes and things like dumplings and I f　69． 　 in love with cooking. It's a good way to relax. More importantly, thanks to my cooking skill, I live better d　70． 　 the COVID-19 pandemic. Now working at home, I cook every meal instead of ordering takeout. It s　71． 　 money and I don't have to wait for delivery drivers to feed me.
Besides cooking, I did a lot of f　72． 　 work in my childhood. I got to know how to plant vegetables. T　73． 　 it was hard work, the experience taught me things that many of my friends still don't know. For example, the part of a potato that has sprouts（芽）can be planted as a seed. I once discussed this with my friends from the city. They thought it was a p　74． 　 that they didn't have the chance to learn these things in their lives.
Some might say we can learn these things from textbooks. But it can't compare to the j　75． 　 of learning firsthand, watching plants blossom and grow. It brings a new way to look at the world.
七、书面表达（满分20分）
76．（2022·盐城）学校英语俱乐部将组织题为"One Thing I will Do for ▲ "的征文比赛。请根据提示，写一篇短文参赛，分享你将为朋友、家人、学校或社会做的一件事。
1. What will you do 2. How will you do it 3. Why do you choose to do it …
注意事项：
（1）补全题目，如"my friend, my parents, our school"等；
（2）文中不能出现真实姓名、校名等信息；
（3）词数：100左右（文章开头已给出，不计入总词数）；
（4）文章必须包含所有要点，可适当发挥，使短文连贯、通顺。
One Thing I will Do for ▲
I have made great progress in the past three years. Now I want to do one thing for
答案解析部分
1．【答案】A
【知识点】表示数量“一”
【解析】【分析】句意：到美丽的海滨城市盐城旅行是一次奇妙的经历。the是定冠词，表示特指；a/an是不定冠词，表示泛指，意为一个，a用在辅音音素开头的单词前，an用在元音音素开头的单词前。beautiful 以辅音音素开头，不定冠词用a。故选A。
【点评】考查冠词。注意识记不定冠词的用法。
2．【答案】A
【知识点】个体名词
【解析】【分析】句意：我们班的女生对艺术很感兴趣。有些人喜欢绘画，有些人喜欢跳舞。A.art艺术；B.sports运动；C.fashion时尚；D.literature文学。根据后文语境"Some like painting and others
like dancing"可知画画和跳舞都是属于艺术，故选A。
【点评】考查名词辨析。注意识记名词的含义，结合语境选择答案。
3．【答案】C
【知识点】介词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：露西和莉莉是双胞胎。甚至他们的父母也很难分辨出他们之间的区别。A.from来自；B.with和......一起；C.between在......之间（两个人之间）；D.among在......之间（三个以上）。根据语境"Lucy and Lily are twins."可知此处应指双胞胎之间的差别，两者之间用between，故选C。
【点评】考查介词辨析。注意识记各介词的含义与区别，结合语境选择正确的介词。
4．【答案】B
【知识点】连词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：除非下大雨，否则这个星期天我们将在公园野餐。A.wheather是否；B.unless除非；C.since自从，由于；D.because因为。根据语境"We'll have a picnic in the park this Sunday"为后文的条件，应用unless引导条件状语从句，故选B。
【点评】考查连词辨析。注意识记各连词的基本意思，根据句子逻辑关系确定连词。
5．【答案】C
【知识点】代词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：——咖啡还是牛奶，杰夫？——都可以。我不在乎。A.Both两者都；B.None三者及三者以上都不；C.Either两者中任一个；D.Neither两者都不。根据语境"Coffee or milk"可知，在两者中作选择，根据空格后的谓语动词is，可知是两者中任意一个都行，用Either。故选C。
【点评】考查代词辨析。注意识记各代词的中文含义，结合语境选择正确的答案。
6．【答案】C
【知识点】情态动词
【解析】【分析】句意：安全第一。客车上的每个人都必须系好安全带。A.can可以；B.can't不可以；C.must必须；D.mustn't禁止。根据语境"Safety comes first.安全第一"可知应是每个人都必须这样，故选C。
【点评】考查情态动词。注意识记各情态动词的含义和语境选择正确的答案。
7．【答案】D
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响
【解析】【分析】句意：自从来到盐城，米莉学到了很多关于海盐文化的知识。A.learns，学习，动词第三人称单数形式；B.learned动词过去式；C.will learn动词将来时；D.has learned已经学习了，现在完成时。根据since引导的时间状语从句，从句为一般过去时，主句应为现在完成时，结构为：have/has done，可知此处应用现在完成时，故选D。
【点评】考查现在完成时。注意识记since引导的句子时态。
8．【答案】D
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：好消息来了，中国已经将神舟十四号送入太空，探索未知的世界。A.explore探索，动词原形；B.explored探索，动词过去式；C.exploring探索，动名词；D.to explore探索，动词不定式。根据语境"China has sent Shenzhou XIV to space"和"the unknown world"可知，中国已经将神舟十四号发射到太空，目的是探索未知的世界，动词不定式做目的状语。故选D。
【点评】考查动词不定式。注意识记动词不定式做目的状语。
9．【答案】B
【知识点】副词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：——去观鸟时应该带些什么？——你最好带一副双筒望远镜，这样可以帮助你看得更清楚。A.quietly更安静地；B.clearly更清楚地；C.politely更有礼貌地；D.seriously更严肃地。根据语境"You'd better take a pair of binoculars"可知为了看得更清楚，故选B。
【点评】考查副词辨析。注意识记各副词的含义，结合语境选择正确的答案。
10．【答案】C
【知识点】一般过去时的被动语态
【解析】【分析】句意：句意:斯普德·韦伯最初因为身高而被拒绝，但他没有灰心。A.refuses，拒绝，动词第三人称单数形式；B.refused，动词过去式；C.was refused被拒绝，一般过去时的被动语态；D.will be refused将会被拒绝，一般将来时的被动语态。根据句子的逻辑关系，主语Spud Webb与动词refuse之间为被动关系。即：即使他被拒绝。结合"but he didn't lose heart."可知，时态为一般过去时，应用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为：was/were done。故选C。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。注意识记一般过去时的被动语态结构。
11．【答案】B
【知识点】形容词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：李先生经常在去医院之前在健康盐城app上查询医疗信息。A.personal个人的；B.medical医疗的；C.national民族的；D.musical音乐的。根据语境"Health Yancheng app before
going to hospital"可知应是与医疗相关的，故选B。
【点评】考查形容词辨析。注意识记各形容词的含义，结合语境选择正确的形容词。
12．【答案】A
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：联合国儿童基金会是联合国的一部分。它于1946年在欧洲成立。A.set up成立; B.put up举起，粘贴；C.cut down砍到；D.put down把......放下。根据语境"It was...in Europe in 1946."可知，此处是讲述联合国儿童基金会成立的时间，故选A。
【点评】考查短语辨析。注意识记各短语的中文含义，结合语境选择正确的动词短语。
13．【答案】A
【知识点】连接代词或连接副词引导
【解析】【分析】句意：——你能告诉我怎样才能有明亮的眼睛吗？——不要花太多时间在屏幕上。根据句子结构分析可知，tell后接宾语，句子为宾语从句。宾语从句三个要素：引导词，时态，陈述语序。所给选项都是陈述语序，前后时态一致。引导词：A.how如何，怎样；B.why为什么；C.where哪里； D.when什么时候。根据"Never spend too much time on screen"可指此处在询问如何才能拥有明亮的眼镜，"如何，怎样"，用how引导。故选A。
【点评】考查宾语从句。注意识记宾语从句的三个要素。考查宾语从句的引导词。
14．【答案】D
【知识点】谚语
【解析】【分析】句意：——妈妈，为了减肥，我会少吃多运动。——你承诺过很多次，记住行动比语言更响亮。A.a miss is as good as a mile失之毫厘，差之千里；B.many hands make light work人多好办事；C.the grass is always greener onthe other side这山望着那山高；D.actions speak louder than words行胜于言。根据语境"You promised many times."可知，光说不练是没用的，行动胜于言语。故选D。
【点评】考查俚语（谚语）。注意识记各谚语的含义，结合语境选择正确的谚语。
15．【答案】B
【知识点】情景交际
【解析】【分析】句意：——为了绿色生活，我们应该积极地做一些事情。——我同意。让我们从现在开始。A.Never mind没关系；B.I agree我同意；C.It doesn't matter没关系；D.That's all right没关系。根据语境"To live a green life, we should do something actively"及"Let's start from now on"可知，此处同意对方的观点，故选B。
【点评】考查情景交际。注意识记各情景用语的含义，结合语境选择答案。
【答案】16．D；17．B；18．A；19．C；20．D；21．A；22．B；23．C；24．A；25．C；26．B；27．C；28．D；29．A；30．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了麻雀的豆子丢失后，经过多次询问却没有人帮忙，最后是蚂蚁帮忙找到了豆子的故事。
【点评】考查完形填空。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读—遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。
16．句意：但在他吃之前，他必须洗手。A.planm种植；B.sell卖；C.drop掉落；D.ceal吃。根据前文语境"one day he happened upon a big bean"可]知，此处是指在吃豆子之前，必须洗手，故选D。
17．句意：他把豆子藏在一座桥上，然后飞到下面的河里去清理。A.hill山丘，小山；B.river河流；C.tree树木；D.forest森林。根据语境"he had to wash his hands"要洗手，所以是飞到河边去清理，故选B。
18．句意：我等不及我那美味的早餐了，麻雀自言自语的说到。A.breakfast早餐；B.lunch午餐；C.supper晚餐；D.dinner晚餐。根据后文语境""The farmer...all day and as the sun was setting ,(农夫……一整天﹐当太阳落山的时候﹐)可知此处是他找了一整天，所以麻雀打算把豆子当早餐﹐故选A。
19．句意：然后他回到了桥上。A.lost失去；B.felt感觉；C.made制作；D.fought打架。根据语境可知，此处是设法回到某地，make one's way back up to ...设法回到……，固定搭配，故选C。
20．句意：但是当他回到他的藏身之处时，豆子不见了！A.sleeping睡觉；B.playing玩；C.working工作； D.hiding隐藏。根据前文语境"He hid the bean on a bridge"可知，他把豆子藏起来了，故选D。
21．句意：当麻雀飞来飞去寻找他丢失的宝藏时，他看到一个农夫正从桥上走过来。A.farmer农民； B.soldier士兵；C.minister大臣，首相；D.king国王。根据后文语境"said the farmer as he walked away"可知，是一位农民，故选A。
22．句意："打扰一下，你能帮我找到我的豆子吗 "麻雀问。A.Thank you谢谢你；B.Excuse me打扰； C.I'm sorry抱歉；D.Come on加油。结合语境可知此处是请对方帮忙，应说"打扰了"，故选B。
23．句意："拜托，我看起来像有时间去找一颗小豆子吗 "你自己去找吧，"农夫说着走开了。A.myself我自己；B.herself她自己；C.yourself你自己；D.himself他自己。根据后文语境"said the farmer as he walked away"可知，农民走了，让麻雀自己找，故选C。
24．句意：他问了士兵相同的问题。A.same 相同的；B.different不同的；C.opposite相反的；D.common共同的。根据前后文语境以及定冠词the可知，麻雀问了相同的问题，故选A。
25．句意：这时，一位大臣经过，麻雀还没来得及问，他就笑着走开了。A.while然而；B.after在......之后；C.before在......之前；D.until直到。根据语境"...he sparrow could even ask, he laughed and walketaway"可知，麻雀还没开口，大臣就笑着走开了，故选C。
26．句意：小鸟几乎放弃了希望，这时国王骑着大象上了桥。A.again再一次；B.almost几乎；C.already已经； D.always总是。根据语境"...given up hope"和前文语境可知没人愿意帮助麻雀，他几乎放弃希望了，故选B。
27．句意：麻雀重复了他的问题，但是国王没有注意到他。A.get on with 和.....相处；B.catch up with赶上；C.take notice of注意；D.think highly of高度评价。根据后文语境"The sparrow sat on the bridge, hungry and sad."可知，国王没注意到麻雀，所以他坐在那里，又饿又伤心，故选C。
28．句意："告诉国王去找那只可怜的鸟的食物，否则我就进入你的耳朵，咬你!"A.meat肉；B.drink饮料；C.fruit水果；D.food食物。根据前文语境" This sparrow was always on the hunt for
something to eat"可知鸟儿找到的豆子是麻雀的食物，故选D。
29．句意：国王很害怕。A.scared害怕的；B.satisfied满意的；C.excited激动的；D.bored无聊的。根据前文语境"Go help that sparrow, or I will throw you off."可知，大象威胁要把国王扔下去，国王应该是很害怕，故选A。
30．句意：农民找了一整天，当太阳落山时，他终于找到了那颗豆子。A.regretted后悔；B.thought认为；C.waited等待；D.searched搜查，搜寻。根据后文语境"...he finally found the bean."可知，农民应该是在找寻豆子，故选D。
【答案】31．D
32．A
33．A
【知识点】故事阅读类；广告布告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要介绍了春秋战国时期的几位著名人物。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。
31．细节理解题。根据文章第一个表格"Before the reform, he placed a log (原木) at the gate and promised...No one believed him until someone moved the log, Shang Yang really gave him a reward."可知，商鞅要进行变法改革，势必要先行获取民众的信任，在变法之前他将许下的奖赏兑现，是为了取得民众的信任。故选D。
32．细节理解题。根据文章第二个表格"Do you know Lu Ban lock ...He also invented many tools and weapons(武器)."可知鲁班发明了鲁班锁，还发明了许多工具和武器，可知他是一位古代的发明家。故选A。
33．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段句子"The Spring and Autumn and the Warring States Period was an age of great culture development in China. Here are some great characters of that time. 春秋战国时期是中国文化大发展的时期。这里有一些当时的伟大人物。"可知本文主要介绍了商鞅、鲁班、李冰、扁鹊、伯牙和钟子期几位著名的春秋战国时期的人物。故选A。
【答案】34．B
35．C
36．D
【知识点】科普类；议论文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要介绍了固定思维和成长思维的区别，告诉我们应该更注重后天努力，而不是与生俱来的能力。
【点评】考查阅读理解。做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
34．推理判断题。根据文章中第二段句子"Some students were told that they were good at a task. They didn 't try very hard the next time"及"The firstgroup of students was learning that they had a set amount of skill. They didn 't think they could do any beter.This is called a fixed mindset(思维模式).一些学生被告知他们擅长一项任务。下次他们并没有很努力。其他学生则被告知他们努力完成了一项任务。下次他们工作得更努力了。第一组学生了解到他们有一定的技能。他们认为他们不能做得更好。这就是所谓的固定思维。"可知，文章介绍了拥有固定思维模式的学生在面对一项任务时，如果受到了夸赞表扬，那么下一次他们就不会再继续努力了，因此拥有固定型思维的人获得成功的机会较小。故选B。
35．细节理解题。根据表格的最后一行"Challenges：Things that help you learn"可知，拥有成长型思维的人会把挑战视为可以帮助他们学习的事情。故选C。
36．推理判断题。根据文章第二段的句子"Psychologists(心理学家)looked at what students did after they were given different types of praise.Some students were told that they were good at a task. They didn't try very hard the next time. Other students were told that they had workedhard at a task. They worked even harder the next time."可知，文章介绍了两组不同的学生在接受不同表扬后的行为表现，说明了固定型思维和成长型思维的不同。所以文章是通过比对事实来构思文章的。故选D。
【答案】37．D
38．A
39．C
40．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要讲述了三个小伙伴利用自己学过的知识突破关卡，最终成功走出上锁房间的故事。
【点评】考查阅读理解。做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
37．细节理解题。根据文章第三段句子"The last challenge, however,stopped them.The key to the door was trapped in a block of ice."可知，孩子要完成的最后一个挑战是拿到被冻在冰里的钥匙。故选D。
38．词句理解题。根据前文""We have to melt the ice," Lucy said."及"Travis pulled off his sweat shirt and wrapped（裏）it around the ice."可知，孩子们想找热的东西来融化冰，特拉维斯脱下了自己的运动衫，他觉得这件运动衫可以让自己保持暖和，可以帮助融化冰。故选A。
39．词义猜测题。根据这个词所在的前文语境"Heat always flows from warm objects to cold ones. The heat in the air will eventually melt the ice.热量总是从温暖的物体流向寒冷的物体，空气中的热量最终会融化冰，"可知，热量流向空气中后最终会将冰融化，划线单词猜测为"最终地"，与finally同义，故选C。
40．最佳标题题。根据文章第一段句子"They had to work out different kinds of problems within limited time to get out of a locked room."及通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了三个小伙伴利用自己学过的知识突破关卡，最终成功走出上锁房间的故事，故选C。
【答案】41．A
42．B
43．B
44．D
45．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要讲述一位在海上捕鱼的老人与一个小男孩之间的故事。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。
41．细节理解题。根据文章第一段句子"In the first forty days a boy had been with him."可知，在开始的40天里，小男孩跟着老人一起捕鱼，故选A。
42．词义猜测题。根据前文句子"I know you did not leave me willingly"以及划线单词的后文语境"lt was papa made me leave.I am a boy and I must do what he told me to"可知，老人理解这个小男孩必须要听父亲的话并离开他。故选B。
43．细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容，这位老人教小男孩钓鱼，并且他们一起钓鱼；后面句子"I could go with you again"可知，这个小男孩想重新跟回这位老人；以及"Can l offer you a beer on the Terrace and then we'll take the fishing tools home"可知，小男孩帮着老人把钓鱼工具拿回家，因此正确的顺序是：②①③④，故选B。
44．细节理解题。根据文章中的句子"Some other older fishermen looked at him and were sad. But they didn't show it and they spoke politely aboutthe sea, the weather and of what they had seen.其他一些年纪较大的渔民看着他，很伤心。但他们没有表现出来，而是礼貌地谈论着大海、天气和他们所看到的一切。"可知，一些渔民为老人感到难过，试图帮助他，故选D。
45．推理判断题。通读全文可知，老人在海上钓鱼，但是一开始他并没有钓到鱼，但他没有放弃，没有沮丧，也不在乎别人对他的嘲笑，继续坚持自己的信念，可知他是一个不会轻易放弃的人，故选B。
【答案】46．F；47．D；48．C；49．B；50．A
【知识点】科普类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了一款通过蝙蝠在夜间飞行原理制作的手杖。
A.How the cane works.如何使用拐杖。
B.Then he built a lightweight cane.然后他做了一根轻便的手杖。
C.It also helps them know where to find food to eat.它也帮助他们知道在哪里可以找到食物。
D.The cane works by sending out sound waves or signals.手杖通过发出声波或信号来工作。
E.People will get more new ideas from the bats and other animals.人们会从蝙蝠和其他动物那里得到更多的新想法。
F.Some inventors get ideas from nature to make some useful things.一些发明家从大自然中获得灵感，制造一些有用的东西。
【点评】考查任务型阅读。任务型阅读的答案选项较少，并且给出的都是句子，因此，我们可以通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符号来判断该句在文章中的位置。另外，通过阅读选项，有可能找出跟其他选项表达完全不同意思的句子，这样的话我们就可以直接将该选项排除。
46．根据前文"Nature is full of great ideas.大自然充满了伟大的想法。"可知，大自然充满许多伟大的想法，利用这些想法，人们可以做些什么。选项F"Some inventors get ideas from nature to
make some useful things.一些发明家从大自然中获得灵感，制造一些有用的东西。"符合语境，故选F。
47．根据后文语境"These signals (信号) are almost the same as the bats use when they fly."可知，此处介绍手杖的工作原理，也就是发出信号。选项D"The cane works by sending out sound
waves or signals.手杖通过发出声波或信号来工作。"符合语境，故选D。
48．根据前文语境"The echo tells bats how far away things like trees are."可知，此处介绍蝙蝠发出的声波形成的回声对蝙蝠的作用。选项C"It also helps them know where to find food to eat.它也帮助他们知道在哪里可以找到食物。"符合语境，故选C。
49．根据前文语境"The scientist who invented the new cane watched how bats fly."和后文"He added something that sends and receives sound waves.Finally, he tested the cane. It worked"可知，此处介绍这款新手杖是怎样被发明的，也就是它的发明过程。选项B"Then he
built a lightweight cane.然后他做了一根轻便的手杖。"符合语境，故选B。
50．根据后文语境"The cane sends out signals. When an echo is sent back, the cane's handle vibrates(振动)."可知，此处具体介绍了手杖是如何工作的。选项A"How the cane works.如何使用拐杖。"符合语境，故选A。
【答案】51．It was used as a way to show peace.
52．It comes from baseball.
53．Because they entered the final competition or won a debate.
54．The fist bump.
55．It is mainly about special histories of three hand gestures.
【知识点】社会文化类；科普类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了三种手势的历史。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。
51．根据表格中第一个手势介绍"The handshake dates back to ancient Greece where it was used as a way to show peace.握手可以追溯到古希腊，在那里握手被用来表示和平。"可知，握手在古希腊被用来表示和平，故答案为：lt was used as a way to show peace。
52．根据表格中第二个手势介绍"According to some sources, the high five first became popular when baseball players performed at Dodger Stadium on October 2,1977.根据一些消息来源，当棒球运动员于1977年10月21日在道奇体育场表演时，击掌第一次流行起来。"可知，击掌来自于棒球，故答案为：lt comes from baseball。
53．根据表格中第二个手势介绍"Whether you entered the final competition or won a debate(辩论) , you were probably given or received a high five before.无论你是参加了决赛还是赢得了辩论，你都可能曾经被人击掌庆祝过。"可知，无论是参加了决赛还是赢得了辩论，都会被击掌庆祝过，故答案为：Because they entered the final competition or won a debate。
54．根据表格中第三个手势介绍"Later, instead of shaking hands, fist bumps became popular among basketball players."可知，篮球运动会通常更喜欢撞拳这个手势，故答案为：The fist bump。
55．根据文章第一段句子"Hand gestures have been commonly used in our daily communication.
They add to the message by filling in what words sometimes leave behind. But are you aware of the history that goes behind some of these popular hand gestures Probably not. Unsurprisingly, each of them has its special history. "可知本文主要介绍了三种手势背后的历史，故答案为：lt is mainly about special histories of three hand gestures。
56．【答案】rise
【知识点】动词原形
【解析】【分析】句意：春天来了，气温开始上升。上升，rise上升，动词。根据"begin to do sth，开始做某事，固定搭配"可知此处应用动词原形，故答案为：rise。
【点评】考查动词拼写。注意识记固定结构"begin to do sth"。
57．【答案】straight
【知识点】其他副词
【解析】【分析】句意：一直往前开，你会发现阳光公园在你的左边。径直地，straight，副词。根据副词修饰动词可知，此处的副词修饰动词drive，故答案为：straight。
【点评】考查副词。注意识记副词修饰动词的用法。
58．【答案】honest
【知识点】形容词原级
【解析】【分析】句意：我们班每个人都相信玛丽的话，因为她很诚实。诚实的，honest，形容词。be+adj.，形容词作表语，故答案为：honest。
【点评】考查形容词原级。注意识记"be+adj."结构。
59．【答案】poems
【知识点】规则变化的可数名词复数
【解析】【分析】句意：柳宗元的《雪钓》是我最喜欢的诗之一。诗歌，poem，可数名词。根据"one of+可数名词复数，......之一"，固定搭配。可知此处应用可数名词复数形式。故答案为：poems。
【点评】考查可数名词复数。注意识记"one of+可数名词复数"。
60．【答案】under
【知识点】简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意：露营时，我们喜欢在安静的小溪边或高大的树下玩耍。在……下面，under，介词。介词没有人称和数的变化，故答案为：under。
【点评】考查介词。注意识记介词没有人称和数的变化。
61．【答案】more
【知识点】形容词比较级
【解析】【分析】句意：学生现在有更少的家庭作业和更多的空闲时间。much，更多的，形容词。根据less和and可知，此处应填入much的比较级形成对比，much的比较级为more，故答案为：more。
【点评】考查形容词比较级。注意识记and表示并列的用法。
62．【答案】nineties
【知识点】规则变化的可数名词复数
【解析】【分析】句意：爷爷已经九十多岁了，但他仍然愿意学习新事物。ninety，九十，基数词。根据"in his"可知，in one's+基数词复数，在某…….时，固定搭配。此处应用ninety的复数形式，ninety变复数时，改y为i加es。故答案为：nineties。
【点评】考查可数名词复数。注意识记固定搭配"in one's+基数词复数"。
63．【答案】kindness
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：每个人的小小善举都能给世界带来巨大的改变。kind，友善的，形容词，根据句子结构分析，of为介词，介词后接名词作宾语。kind的名词为kindness，善意，故答案为：kindness。
【点评】考查不可数名词。注意识记kindness为不可数名词。
64．【答案】comfortably
【知识点】其他副词
【解析】【分析】句意：麋鹿在大丰自然保护区舒适自在地生活着。comfortable，舒服的，舒适的，形容词。根据句子结构分析可知，此处缺少副词修饰动词live，comfortable的副词为comfortably。故答案为：comfortably。
【点评】考查副词。注意识记副词修饰动词。
65．【答案】itself
【知识点】反身代词
【解析】【分析】句意：振作起来！谁赢并不重要，因为踢足球本身就是很有趣的。it，它，人称代词。根据句子结构分析可知此空作主语的同位语，应用反身代词itself，故答案为：itself。
【点评】考查反身代词。注意识记反身代词做同位语的用法。
【答案】66．(l)ate；67．(e)asy；68．(m)ess；69．(f)ell；70．(d)uring；71．(s)aves；72．(f)arm；73．(T)hough；74．(p)ity；75．(j)oy
【知识点】人生百味类；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要是讲述了作者小时候学的那些技能让他生活更好的故事。
【点评】考查单词拼写。单词拼写题主要考查单词形式，包括名词的单复数和所有格、动词的三单形式、非谓语动词、基数词或序数词，主格代词/宾格代词和物主代词（形容词性物主代词/名词性物主代词）等。这类题目难度不大，重点是掌握句意，在理解的基础上把握句子时态，从而判断所填单词的正确形式。
66．句意：因为我的父母经常很晚回家，一个准备好的面团可以帮助我的家人早点吃晚饭。根据后文语境"a prepared dough would help my family have supper sooner"可推测，我的父母回家很晚，结合所给首字母提示，晚地，late，副词，修饰动词come，故答案为：late。
67．句意：我觉得这很容易，因为我经常看到我妈妈这样做——只要把水和面粉混合就可以了，对吧？根据后文语境"because I often saw my mum do it—just mix water and flour"可知，我认为很简单，be+adj.，系表结构，结合所给首字母提示，简单的，easy，形容词，符合语境。故答案为：easy。
68．句意：结果证明是一团糟。根据后文语境"First I made the dough too soft. Then I made it too hard"可知，并不如想象中那么简单，所以结果是一团糟，a mess，一团糟，可知，结合所给首字母提示，杂乱，混乱局面，mess，可数名词，符合语境。故答案为：mess。
69．句意：后来，我做了煎菜和饺子之类的东西，我爱上了烹饪。fall in love with，爱上，动词短语。文章使用的是一般过去时，动词应用过去式，fall的过去式为fell，故答案为：fell。
70．句意：更重要的是，由于我的烹饪技巧，我在新冠肺炎大流行期间生活得更好。根据语境"l live better"和"the COVID-19 pandemic"可知，是在新冠病毒疫情期间，我过的更好了，结合所给首字母提示，在..…….期间，during，介词，符合语境。故答案为：during。
71．句意：这样既省钱又不用等外卖来给我送饭。根据前文语境"Now working at home, I cook every meal instead of ordering takeout."可知自己做饭吃，不用点外卖，节省金钱，结合所给首字母提示，节约，save，动词。主语是it，时态为一般现在时，动词用第三人称单数形式，故答案为：saves。
72．句意：除了做饭，我小时候还做过很多农活。根据后文语境"l got to know how to plant vegetables"和所给首字母提示，农活，farm，名词，符合语境，故答案为：farm。
73．句意：尽管这是一项艰苦的工作，但这段经历教会了我很多朋友仍然不知道的事情。根据语境"it was hard work"和"the experience taught me things that many of my friends still don't know"的理解可知，此处是让步状语从句，用although或though引导，结合所给首字母T，故答案为：Though。
74．句意：他们觉得这是一个遗憾，他们一生中没有机会学习这些东西。根据后文语境"they didn't have the chance to learn these things in their lives"以及首字母p提示，可知此处意为"遗憾"，遗憾，pity，可数名词，用a修饰。故答案为：pity。
75．句意：但它无法与亲身学习、观看植物开花和生长的乐趣相比。根据the和of可知，空格处应用名词，根据语境"Some might say we can learn these things from textbooks."可知，句子意为"亲眼目睹植物开花生长的乐趣"，乐趣，快乐，joy，不可数名词。故答案为：joy。
76．【答案】One Thing I will Do for My Parents
I have made great progress in the past three years. Now I want to do one thing for my parents.
I want to make a breakfast for my parents. I'm going to the supermarket on Saturday afternoon to buy what I need for breakfast. Then, the next morning I will get up early so as not to wake my parents. I will make my mother's favorite sandwiches and coffee. My father likes to eat tomato beef noodles for breakfast, I will learn how to cook on my phone. Make sure they can have a delicious breakfast after getting up.
I have had this idea in my heart for many years, but I never get the chance to do it. In the past few years, my parents always got up early to prepare breakfast for me. It is their love and support that make me better, so I want to return them with the same love. I love them.
【知识点】提纲作文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇提纲式作文写作，文章要求根据所给提示的要点提纲写一篇征文。首先介绍自己想为谁做一件事，把题目标题补充完整；然后具体阐述自己想做什么事，以及怎样做这件事；最后阐述自己为什么想做这件事。注意根据情景综合运用各种时态，注意并列连词的使用及主谓一致问题。写作中注意上下文的过渡要符合逻辑关系。
【点评】这篇短文详细、全面地阐明了自己想为谁做的事情，并包含了文中所要求的全部信息。其中使用了一些固定句式和短语、包含宾语从句和定语从句的准确使用，为文章增色不少。如：want to do sth.想要做某事；get up起床；make sure确保；prepare sth. for sb.为某人准备某物。以及：l'm going to the supermarket on Saturday afternoon to buy what I need for breakfast. (宾语从句)；lt is their love and support that make me better。（强调句）学习中注意总结并牢记一些固定句式及短语，写作时就可以适当引用,使文章的表达更有逻辑性，更富有条理。
1 / 1江苏省盐城市2022年中考英语真题
一、单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
1．（2022·盐城） Travelling to Yancheng, ____ beautiful seaside city, is a fantastic experience.
A．a B．an C．the D．
【答案】A
【知识点】表示数量“一”
【解析】【分析】句意：到美丽的海滨城市盐城旅行是一次奇妙的经历。the是定冠词，表示特指；a/an是不定冠词，表示泛指，意为一个，a用在辅音音素开头的单词前，an用在元音音素开头的单词前。beautiful 以辅音音素开头，不定冠词用a。故选A。
【点评】考查冠词。注意识记不定冠词的用法。
2．（2022·盐城） Girls in our class show interest in ____. Some like painting and others like dancing.
A．art B．sports C．fashion D．literature
【答案】A
【知识点】个体名词
【解析】【分析】句意：我们班的女生对艺术很感兴趣。有些人喜欢绘画，有些人喜欢跳舞。A.art艺术；B.sports运动；C.fashion时尚；D.literature文学。根据后文语境"Some like painting and others
like dancing"可知画画和跳舞都是属于艺术，故选A。
【点评】考查名词辨析。注意识记名词的含义，结合语境选择答案。
3．（2022·盐城） Lucy and Lily are twins. Even their parents find it hard to tell the differences ____ them.
A．from B．with C．between D．among
【答案】C
【知识点】介词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：露西和莉莉是双胞胎。甚至他们的父母也很难分辨出他们之间的区别。A.from来自；B.with和......一起；C.between在......之间（两个人之间）；D.among在......之间（三个以上）。根据语境"Lucy and Lily are twins."可知此处应指双胞胎之间的差别，两者之间用between，故选C。
【点评】考查介词辨析。注意识记各介词的含义与区别，结合语境选择正确的介词。
4．（2022·盐城） We'll have a picnic in the park this Sunday ____ there is a heavy rain.
A．whether B．unless C．since D．because
【答案】B
【知识点】连词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：除非下大雨，否则这个星期天我们将在公园野餐。A.wheather是否；B.unless除非；C.since自从，由于；D.because因为。根据语境"We'll have a picnic in the park this Sunday"为后文的条件，应用unless引导条件状语从句，故选B。
【点评】考查连词辨析。注意识记各连词的基本意思，根据句子逻辑关系确定连词。
5．（2022·盐城） — Coffee or milk, Jeff
— ____ is OK. I care little about it.
A．Both B．None C．Either D．Neither
【答案】C
【知识点】代词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：——咖啡还是牛奶，杰夫？——都可以。我不在乎。A.Both两者都；B.None三者及三者以上都不；C.Either两者中任一个；D.Neither两者都不。根据语境"Coffee or milk"可知，在两者中作选择，根据空格后的谓语动词is，可知是两者中任意一个都行，用Either。故选C。
【点评】考查代词辨析。注意识记各代词的中文含义，结合语境选择正确的答案。
6．（2022·盐城） Safety comes first. Everyone on the coach ____ wear the seat belt.
A．can B．can't C．must D．mustn't
【答案】C
【知识点】情态动词
【解析】【分析】句意：安全第一。客车上的每个人都必须系好安全带。A.can可以；B.can't不可以；C.must必须；D.mustn't禁止。根据语境"Safety comes first.安全第一"可知应是每个人都必须这样，故选C。
【点评】考查情态动词。注意识记各情态动词的含义和语境选择正确的答案。
7．（2022·盐城） Millie ____ a lot about sea-salt culture since she came to Yancheng.
A．learns B．learned C．will learn D．has learned
【答案】D
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响
【解析】【分析】句意：自从来到盐城，米莉学到了很多关于海盐文化的知识。A.learns，学习，动词第三人称单数形式；B.learned动词过去式；C.will learn动词将来时；D.has learned已经学习了，现在完成时。根据since引导的时间状语从句，从句为一般过去时，主句应为现在完成时，结构为：have/has done，可知此处应用现在完成时，故选D。
【点评】考查现在完成时。注意识记since引导的句子时态。
8．（2022·盐城） Good news comes that China has sent Shenzhou XIV to space ____ the unknown world.
A．explore B．explored C．exploring D．to explore
【答案】D
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：好消息来了，中国已经将神舟十四号送入太空，探索未知的世界。A.explore探索，动词原形；B.explored探索，动词过去式；C.exploring探索，动名词；D.to explore探索，动词不定式。根据语境"China has sent Shenzhou XIV to space"和"the unknown world"可知，中国已经将神舟十四号发射到太空，目的是探索未知的世界，动词不定式做目的状语。故选D。
【点评】考查动词不定式。注意识记动词不定式做目的状语。
9．（2022·盐城） — What should we take when going birdwatching
— You'd better take a pair of binoculars which will help you see more ____.
A．quietly B．clearly C．politely D．seriously
【答案】B
【知识点】副词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：——去观鸟时应该带些什么？——你最好带一副双筒望远镜，这样可以帮助你看得更清楚。A.quietly更安静地；B.clearly更清楚地；C.politely更有礼貌地；D.seriously更严肃地。根据语境"You'd better take a pair of binoculars"可知为了看得更清楚，故选B。
【点评】考查副词辨析。注意识记各副词的含义，结合语境选择正确的答案。
10．（2022·盐城） Spud Webb ____ at first because of his height, but he didn't lose heart.
A．refuses B．refused
C．was refused D．will be refused
【答案】C
【知识点】一般过去时的被动语态
【解析】【分析】句意：句意:斯普德·韦伯最初因为身高而被拒绝，但他没有灰心。A.refuses，拒绝，动词第三人称单数形式；B.refused，动词过去式；C.was refused被拒绝，一般过去时的被动语态；D.will be refused将会被拒绝，一般将来时的被动语态。根据句子的逻辑关系，主语Spud Webb与动词refuse之间为被动关系。即：即使他被拒绝。结合"but he didn't lose heart."可知，时态为一般过去时，应用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为：was/were done。故选C。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。注意识记一般过去时的被动语态结构。
11．（2022·盐城） Mr. Li often looks up ____ information on Health Yancheng app before going to hospital.
A．personal B．medical C．national D．musical
【答案】B
【知识点】形容词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：李先生经常在去医院之前在健康盐城app上查询医疗信息。A.personal个人的；B.medical医疗的；C.national民族的；D.musical音乐的。根据语境"Health Yancheng app before
going to hospital"可知应是与医疗相关的，故选B。
【点评】考查形容词辨析。注意识记各形容词的含义，结合语境选择正确的形容词。
12．（2022·盐城） UNICEF is part of the United Nations. It was ____ in Europe in 1946.
A．set up B．put up C．cut down D．put down
【答案】A
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：联合国儿童基金会是联合国的一部分。它于1946年在欧洲成立。A.set up成立; B.put up举起，粘贴；C.cut down砍到；D.put down把......放下。根据语境"It was...in Europe in 1946."可知，此处是讲述联合国儿童基金会成立的时间，故选A。
【点评】考查短语辨析。注意识记各短语的中文含义，结合语境选择正确的动词短语。
13．（2022·盐城） —Can you tell me ____
—Never spend too much time on screen.
A．how we can have bright eyes
B．why we should protect our eyes
C．where we can see an eye doctor
D．when we should do eye exercises
【答案】A
【知识点】连接代词或连接副词引导
【解析】【分析】句意：——你能告诉我怎样才能有明亮的眼睛吗？——不要花太多时间在屏幕上。根据句子结构分析可知，tell后接宾语，句子为宾语从句。宾语从句三个要素：引导词，时态，陈述语序。所给选项都是陈述语序，前后时态一致。引导词：A.how如何，怎样；B.why为什么；C.where哪里； D.when什么时候。根据"Never spend too much time on screen"可指此处在询问如何才能拥有明亮的眼镜，"如何，怎样"，用how引导。故选A。
【点评】考查宾语从句。注意识记宾语从句的三个要素。考查宾语从句的引导词。
14．（2022·盐城） — Mum, to lose weight, I'll eat less and exercise more.
— You promised many times Remember ____.
A．a miss is as good as a mile
B．many hands make light work
C．the grass is always greener on the other side
D．actions speak louder than words
【答案】D
【知识点】谚语
【解析】【分析】句意：——妈妈，为了减肥，我会少吃多运动。——你承诺过很多次，记住行动比语言更响亮。A.a miss is as good as a mile失之毫厘，差之千里；B.many hands make light work人多好办事；C.the grass is always greener onthe other side这山望着那山高；D.actions speak louder than words行胜于言。根据语境"You promised many times."可知，光说不练是没用的，行动胜于言语。故选D。
【点评】考查俚语（谚语）。注意识记各谚语的含义，结合语境选择正确的谚语。
15．（2022·盐城） —To live a green life, we should do something actively.
—____. Let's start from now on.
A．Never mind B．I agree
C．It doesn't matter D．That's all right
【答案】B
【知识点】情景交际
【解析】【分析】句意：——为了绿色生活，我们应该积极地做一些事情。——我同意。让我们从现在开始。A.Never mind没关系；B.I agree我同意；C.It doesn't matter没关系；D.That's all right没关系。根据语境"To live a green life, we should do something actively"及"Let's start from now on"可知，此处同意对方的观点，故选B。
【点评】考查情景交际。注意识记各情景用语的含义，结合语境选择答案。
二、完形填空（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
（2022·盐城）完形填空
Once upon a time, there was a little sparrow. This sparrow was always on the hunt for something to eat and one day he happened upon a big bean. But before he could 16． it, he had to wash his hands. He hid the bean on a bridge and flew down to the 17． below to clean up.
"I just can't wait for my wonderful 18． ," the sparrow said to himself. Then he 19． his way back up to the bridge. "I won't have to work for a week!" But when he got back to his 20． place, the bean was gone!
As the sparrow flew around looking for his lost treasure, he saw a 21． coming over the bridge. " 22． , can you help me find my bean " the sparrow asked. "Please, do I look like I have time to find a tiny bean Find it 23． ," said the farmer as he walked away.
Next, the sparrow saw a soldier coming over the bridge. He asked the soldier the 24． question. "Please, little bird, I have no time for you," he said and walked on. Then a minister（大臣）came walking by, but 25． the sparrow could even ask, he laughed and walked away. The little bird had 26． given up hope, when the king came up the bridge, riding on an elephant. The sparrow repeated his question, but the king didn't 27． him. The sparrow sat on the bridge, hungry and sad.
An ant came by. After he heard the sparrow's story, he went up to the elephant. "Tell the king to find that poor bird's 28． , or I will go inside your ear and bite you!" The elephant stopped, turned to the king and said, "Go help that sparrow, or I will throw you off." The king was 29． . He called the minister over and the minister ordered the soldier. Then the soldier went over to the farmer, "Find that bird's bean, or I'll kick you off this bridge!" The farmer 30． all day and as the sun was setting, he finally found the bean. The sparrow was thankful, and he ate well for the next week.
16．A． plant B． sell C． drop D． eat
17．A． hill B． river C． tree D． forest
18．A． breakfast B． lunch C． supper D． dinner
19．A． lost B． felt C． made D． fought
20．A． sleeping B． playing C． working D． hiding
21．A． farmer B． soldier C． minister D． king
22．A． Thank you B． Excuse me C．I'm sorry D． Come on
23．A． myself B． herself C． yourself D． himself
24．A． same B． different C． opposite D． common
25．A． while B． after C． before D． until
26．A． again B． almost C． already D． always
27．A． get on with B． catch up with
C． take notice of D． think highly of
28．A． meat B． drink C． fruit D． food
29．A． scared B． satisfied C． excited D． bored
30．A． regretted B． thought C． waited D． searched
【答案】16．D；17．B；18．A；19．C；20．D；21．A；22．B；23．C；24．A；25．C；26．B；27．C；28．D；29．A；30．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了麻雀的豆子丢失后，经过多次询问却没有人帮忙，最后是蚂蚁帮忙找到了豆子的故事。
【点评】考查完形填空。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读—遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。
16．句意：但在他吃之前，他必须洗手。A.planm种植；B.sell卖；C.drop掉落；D.ceal吃。根据前文语境"one day he happened upon a big bean"可]知，此处是指在吃豆子之前，必须洗手，故选D。
17．句意：他把豆子藏在一座桥上，然后飞到下面的河里去清理。A.hill山丘，小山；B.river河流；C.tree树木；D.forest森林。根据语境"he had to wash his hands"要洗手，所以是飞到河边去清理，故选B。
18．句意：我等不及我那美味的早餐了，麻雀自言自语的说到。A.breakfast早餐；B.lunch午餐；C.supper晚餐；D.dinner晚餐。根据后文语境""The farmer...all day and as the sun was setting ,(农夫……一整天﹐当太阳落山的时候﹐)可知此处是他找了一整天，所以麻雀打算把豆子当早餐﹐故选A。
19．句意：然后他回到了桥上。A.lost失去；B.felt感觉；C.made制作；D.fought打架。根据语境可知，此处是设法回到某地，make one's way back up to ...设法回到……，固定搭配，故选C。
20．句意：但是当他回到他的藏身之处时，豆子不见了！A.sleeping睡觉；B.playing玩；C.working工作； D.hiding隐藏。根据前文语境"He hid the bean on a bridge"可知，他把豆子藏起来了，故选D。
21．句意：当麻雀飞来飞去寻找他丢失的宝藏时，他看到一个农夫正从桥上走过来。A.farmer农民； B.soldier士兵；C.minister大臣，首相；D.king国王。根据后文语境"said the farmer as he walked away"可知，是一位农民，故选A。
22．句意："打扰一下，你能帮我找到我的豆子吗 "麻雀问。A.Thank you谢谢你；B.Excuse me打扰； C.I'm sorry抱歉；D.Come on加油。结合语境可知此处是请对方帮忙，应说"打扰了"，故选B。
23．句意："拜托，我看起来像有时间去找一颗小豆子吗 "你自己去找吧，"农夫说着走开了。A.myself我自己；B.herself她自己；C.yourself你自己；D.himself他自己。根据后文语境"said the farmer as he walked away"可知，农民走了，让麻雀自己找，故选C。
24．句意：他问了士兵相同的问题。A.same 相同的；B.different不同的；C.opposite相反的；D.common共同的。根据前后文语境以及定冠词the可知，麻雀问了相同的问题，故选A。
25．句意：这时，一位大臣经过，麻雀还没来得及问，他就笑着走开了。A.while然而；B.after在......之后；C.before在......之前；D.until直到。根据语境"...he sparrow could even ask, he laughed and walketaway"可知，麻雀还没开口，大臣就笑着走开了，故选C。
26．句意：小鸟几乎放弃了希望，这时国王骑着大象上了桥。A.again再一次；B.almost几乎；C.already已经； D.always总是。根据语境"...given up hope"和前文语境可知没人愿意帮助麻雀，他几乎放弃希望了，故选B。
27．句意：麻雀重复了他的问题，但是国王没有注意到他。A.get on with 和.....相处；B.catch up with赶上；C.take notice of注意；D.think highly of高度评价。根据后文语境"The sparrow sat on the bridge, hungry and sad."可知，国王没注意到麻雀，所以他坐在那里，又饿又伤心，故选C。
28．句意："告诉国王去找那只可怜的鸟的食物，否则我就进入你的耳朵，咬你!"A.meat肉；B.drink饮料；C.fruit水果；D.food食物。根据前文语境" This sparrow was always on the hunt for
something to eat"可知鸟儿找到的豆子是麻雀的食物，故选D。
29．句意：国王很害怕。A.scared害怕的；B.satisfied满意的；C.excited激动的；D.bored无聊的。根据前文语境"Go help that sparrow, or I will throw you off."可知，大象威胁要把国王扔下去，国王应该是很害怕，故选A。
30．句意：农民找了一整天，当太阳落山时，他终于找到了那颗豆子。A.regretted后悔；B.thought认为；C.waited等待；D.searched搜查，搜寻。根据后文语境"...he finally found the bean."可知，农民应该是在找寻豆子，故选D。
三、阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
（2022·盐城） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
The Spring and Autumn and the Warring States Period was an age of great culture development in China. Here are some great characters of that time.
Shang Yang reformed many fields. Before the reform, he placed a log（原木）at the gate and promised, "If someone can move the log, he will get a reward." No one believed him until someone moved the log, Shang Yang really gave him a reward.
Do you know Lu Ban lock It is a removable toy. Lu Ban made it for his son. His son studied all night before opening it. He also invented many tools and weapons（武器）.
Li Bing was an expert in water projects. He set up many water projects. Dujiangyan is the most famous. It made water helpful to the people.
Once, an official fell unconscious（昏迷的）. Everyone thought he was dead except Bian Que. Bian Que felt his weak pulse and said. "He will wake up in three days." Two days later, the official woke up. Everyone was amazed.
When Bo Ya played, even the horses looked up, listened to his music and stopped eating. Bo Ya's friend, Zhong Ziqi, understood his music. They liked each other. After Ziqi died, Bo Ya broke his guqin and never played it any more.
31．Why did Shang Yang make a promise before the reform
A．To give people a reward.
B．To sell the log at the market.
C．To fix the gate of the building.
D．To make people believe him.
32．Which of the following is TRUE according to the article
A．Lu Ban was an ancient inventor.
B．Zhong Ziqi was good at playing guqin.
C．Li Bing was an expert in building houses.
D．Bian Que once made a dead person back to life.
33．What's the main theme（主题）of the article above
A．Famous people. B．Chinese medicine.
C．Traditional music. D．Important inventions.
【答案】31．D
32．A
33．A
【知识点】故事阅读类；广告布告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要介绍了春秋战国时期的几位著名人物。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。
31．细节理解题。根据文章第一个表格"Before the reform, he placed a log (原木) at the gate and promised...No one believed him until someone moved the log, Shang Yang really gave him a reward."可知，商鞅要进行变法改革，势必要先行获取民众的信任，在变法之前他将许下的奖赏兑现，是为了取得民众的信任。故选D。
32．细节理解题。根据文章第二个表格"Do you know Lu Ban lock ...He also invented many tools and weapons(武器)."可知鲁班发明了鲁班锁，还发明了许多工具和武器，可知他是一位古代的发明家。故选A。
33．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段句子"The Spring and Autumn and the Warring States Period was an age of great culture development in China. Here are some great characters of that time. 春秋战国时期是中国文化大发展的时期。这里有一些当时的伟大人物。"可知本文主要介绍了商鞅、鲁班、李冰、扁鹊、伯牙和钟子期几位著名的春秋战国时期的人物。故选A。
（2022·盐城） 阅读理解
One teacher praises a student by saying "You're so smart!" Another teacher says, "You must have worked really hard at this!" Which student does better in school Studies show that students who hear the words of the second teacher will do better. Those students are learning that their effort is important.
Psychologists（心理学家）looked at what students did after they were given different types of praise. Some students were told that they were good at a task. They didn't try very hard the next time. Other students were told that they had worked hard at a task. They worked even harder the next time. The first group of students was learning that they had a set amount of skill. They didn't think they could do any better. This is called a fixed mindset（思维模式）. The second group was learning that they could do better if they kept trying. This is called a growth mindset. People who have a growth mindset believe that the brain can grow; people can do better and learn new skills. If they work hard, they can be successful.
How can teachers and parents help students succeed They can focus mainly on effort and not simply on ability. When students succeed, teachers and parents should praise the actual work rather than intelligence（智力）or talent. When students fail, they should be told how they can do better. Teachers, parents and students need to value effort, not intelligence.
Beliefs of Fixed and Growth Mindsets
Fixed Mindset Growth Mindset
Things you're born with that cannot change Things you can grow and improve with hard work
Something to avoid—could show lack of skill Something important—leads to success
Things to avoid—in case you aren't good enough Things that help you learn
34．What kind of people have fewer chances to succeed according to the article
A．People with a growth mindset.
B．People with a fixed mindset.
C．People who often learn from challenges.
D．People who often learn from mistakes.
35．From the form we can know people with a growth mindset consider challenges as ____.
A．things they're born with
B．things they need to avoid
C．things that help them learn
D．things that stop them improving
36．How does the writer organize the ideas in the article
A．By telling stories. B．By listing numbers.
C．By drawing mind maps. D．By comparing facts.
【答案】34．B
35．C
36．D
【知识点】科普类；议论文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要介绍了固定思维和成长思维的区别，告诉我们应该更注重后天努力，而不是与生俱来的能力。
【点评】考查阅读理解。做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
34．推理判断题。根据文章中第二段句子"Some students were told that they were good at a task. They didn 't try very hard the next time"及"The firstgroup of students was learning that they had a set amount of skill. They didn 't think they could do any beter.This is called a fixed mindset(思维模式).一些学生被告知他们擅长一项任务。下次他们并没有很努力。其他学生则被告知他们努力完成了一项任务。下次他们工作得更努力了。第一组学生了解到他们有一定的技能。他们认为他们不能做得更好。这就是所谓的固定思维。"可知，文章介绍了拥有固定思维模式的学生在面对一项任务时，如果受到了夸赞表扬，那么下一次他们就不会再继续努力了，因此拥有固定型思维的人获得成功的机会较小。故选B。
35．细节理解题。根据表格的最后一行"Challenges：Things that help you learn"可知，拥有成长型思维的人会把挑战视为可以帮助他们学习的事情。故选C。
36．推理判断题。根据文章第二段的句子"Psychologists(心理学家)looked at what students did after they were given different types of praise.Some students were told that they were good at a task. They didn't try very hard the next time. Other students were told that they had workedhard at a task. They worked even harder the next time."可知，文章介绍了两组不同的学生在接受不同表扬后的行为表现，说明了固定型思维和成长型思维的不同。所以文章是通过比对事实来构思文章的。故选D。
（2022·盐城） 阅读理解
Maggie, Travis and Lucy's science teacher set a special test for them. They had to work out different kinds of problems within limited time to get out of a locked room.
For the past hour, Maggie, Travis and Lucy had been locked inside a room decorated like a mad scientist's laboratory. Together they decoded（破译）a secret language and solved a difficult maths problem.
The last challenge, however, stopped them. The key to the door was trapped in a block of ice.
"We have to melt the ice," Lucy said.
"But there's nothing hot here!" Maggie complained.
Travis pulled off his sweatshirt and wrapped（裹）it around the ice. "This keeps me warm," he reasoned.
A few minutes passed by, but the ice didn't melt.
"Isn't cloth an insulator（隔热材料） " Lucy asked. She tried to remember what she had learned in science class. "Heat always flows from warm objects to cold ones. The heat in the air will eventually melt the ice, but we need to find something that will help heat move from the air to the ice more quickly."
"What about glass " Maggie asked.
"Glass is also an insulator. It keeps heat from moving," Lucy said. Then she noticed a large metal tray（金属托盘）across the room. "This might work!"
Lucy put the block of ice onto the tray. Everybody's eyes moved between the clock and the ice. Would they be able to free the key in time
At last, the key lay in the water on the tray. The three friends rushed out of the room in the last minute.
"We made it!" Travis cheered. "Good thing you paid attention in science class!"
37．What final challenge did the three friends need to complete
A．To solve a maths problem.
B．To learn a secret language.
C．To find their science teacher.
D．To get the key trapped in ice.
38．What does Travis mean by saying "This keeps me warm"
A．His sweatshirt can help melt the ice.
B．He dislikes his sweatshirt.
C．His sweatshirt is of good quality.
D．He wants to take off his sweatshirt.
39．What does the underlined word "eventually" probably mean
A．carefully B．suddenly C．finally D．properly
40．What's the best title for the story
A．Changing Ice into Water B．Decorating the Laboratory
C．Running away from the Room D．Preparing for a Science Class
【答案】37．D
38．A
39．C
40．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要讲述了三个小伙伴利用自己学过的知识突破关卡，最终成功走出上锁房间的故事。
【点评】考查阅读理解。做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
37．细节理解题。根据文章第三段句子"The last challenge, however,stopped them.The key to the door was trapped in a block of ice."可知，孩子要完成的最后一个挑战是拿到被冻在冰里的钥匙。故选D。
38．词句理解题。根据前文""We have to melt the ice," Lucy said."及"Travis pulled off his sweat shirt and wrapped（裏）it around the ice."可知，孩子们想找热的东西来融化冰，特拉维斯脱下了自己的运动衫，他觉得这件运动衫可以让自己保持暖和，可以帮助融化冰。故选A。
39．词义猜测题。根据这个词所在的前文语境"Heat always flows from warm objects to cold ones. The heat in the air will eventually melt the ice.热量总是从温暖的物体流向寒冷的物体，空气中的热量最终会融化冰，"可知，热量流向空气中后最终会将冰融化，划线单词猜测为"最终地"，与finally同义，故选C。
40．最佳标题题。根据文章第一段句子"They had to work out different kinds of problems within limited time to get out of a locked room."及通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了三个小伙伴利用自己学过的知识突破关卡，最终成功走出上锁房间的故事，故选C。
（2022·盐城） 阅读理解
He was an old man who fished alone in a boat and he had gone eighty-four days now without taking a fish. In the first forty days a boy had been with him. But after forty days without a fish, the boy's parents had told him that the old man was now exactly and finally salao, which is the worst form of unlucky, and the boy had gone at their orders in another boat which caught three good fish the first week.
It made the boy sad to see the old man come in each day with his boat empty and be always went down to help him carry fishing tools.
The old man was thin with deep wrinkles(皱纹)in the back of his neck. His hands had the deep scars(疤)from dealing with heavy fish. But none of these scars were fresh.
Everything about him was old except his eyes and they were the same colour as the sea and were cheerful and full of confidence.
"Santiago," the boy said to him as they climbed from the bank where the boat was pulled up. "I could go with you again. We've made some money."
The old man had taught the boy to fish and the boy loved him. "No." the old man said. "You're with a lucky boat. Stay with them."
"But remember how you went eighty-seven days without fish and then we caught big ones every day for three weeks."
"I remember," the old man said. "I know you did not leave me willingly."
"It was papa made me leave. I am a boy and I must do what he told me to."
"I know." the old man said. "I quite understand that."
"He hasn't much faith(信念)."
"No." the old man said. "But we have. Haven't we "
"Yes." the boy said. "Can I offer you a beer on the Terrace and then we'll take the fishing tools home."
"Why not " the old man said. "Between fishermen."
They sat on the Terrace and many of the fishermen made fun of the old man and he was not angry. Some other older fishermen looked at him and were sad. But they didn't show it and they spoke politely about the sea, the weather and of what they had seen.
41．How many days did the old man go fishing with the boy according to Paragraph 1
A．Forty. B．Forty-four. C．Eighty-four. D．Eighty-seven.
42．What does the underlined word "that" refer to
A．The boy would leave him sooner or later.
B．The boy had to listen to his parents and left him.
C．He couldn't catch fish because he was too old.
D．He couldn't succeed without the boy's support.
43．What is the right order of the story about the boy in the passage
①The old man caught some big fish with the boy.
②The old man taught the boy how to fish on the sea.
③The boy wanted to go fishing with the old man again.
④The boy helped the old man take the fishing tools home.
A．①④③② B．②①③④ C．②③④① D．③④①②
44．What can we learn from the last paragraph of the story
A．The old man liked to make fun of other fishermen.
B．The old man often provided beer for other fishermen.
C．All fishermen laughed at the old man except the boy.
D．Some fishermen felt sad for the old man and tried to help him.
45．From the story we can know that the old man was ____.
A．a man who often showed off
B．a man who never gave up
C．a man who sometimes got angry
D．a man who seldom stayed calm
【答案】41．A
42．B
43．B
44．D
45．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要讲述一位在海上捕鱼的老人与一个小男孩之间的故事。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。
41．细节理解题。根据文章第一段句子"In the first forty days a boy had been with him."可知，在开始的40天里，小男孩跟着老人一起捕鱼，故选A。
42．词义猜测题。根据前文句子"I know you did not leave me willingly"以及划线单词的后文语境"lt was papa made me leave.I am a boy and I must do what he told me to"可知，老人理解这个小男孩必须要听父亲的话并离开他。故选B。
43．细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容，这位老人教小男孩钓鱼，并且他们一起钓鱼；后面句子"I could go with you again"可知，这个小男孩想重新跟回这位老人；以及"Can l offer you a beer on the Terrace and then we'll take the fishing tools home"可知，小男孩帮着老人把钓鱼工具拿回家，因此正确的顺序是：②①③④，故选B。
44．细节理解题。根据文章中的句子"Some other older fishermen looked at him and were sad. But they didn't show it and they spoke politely aboutthe sea, the weather and of what they had seen.其他一些年纪较大的渔民看着他，很伤心。但他们没有表现出来，而是礼貌地谈论着大海、天气和他们所看到的一切。"可知，一些渔民为老人感到难过，试图帮助他，故选D。
45．推理判断题。通读全文可知，老人在海上钓鱼，但是一开始他并没有钓到鱼，但他没有放弃，没有沮丧，也不在乎别人对他的嘲笑，继续坚持自己的信念，可知他是一个不会轻易放弃的人，故选B。
（2022·盐城） 阅读下面短文，从所给选项中选出能填入空白处最佳选项，使短文通顺，结构完整，其中有一项是多余选项。
Nature is full of great ideas. 　46． 　
Many blind people use canes to move around. They tap their canes on the ground in front of them to feel if anything is in their way. One amazing invention was a new cane to help blind people. It helps them move around more safely. This invention was an idea from bats. 　47． 　These signals（信号）are almost the same as the bats use when they fly.
How bats get around
Bats make sounds when they fly at night. People cannot hear these sounds, but they help bats fly in the dark. Bats send sound waves out of their mouth or nose. These sound waves hit objects around them. Then they come back as an echo. The echo tells bats how far away things like trees are. 　48． 　
An amazing idea
The scientist who invented the new cane watched how bats fly. 　49． 　 He added something that sends and receives sound waves. Finally, he tested the cane. It worked!
　50． 　
The cane sends out signals. When an echo is sent back, the cane's handle vibrates（振动）. This helps the person holding the cane know how far away an object is. They will also know how big the object is.
This cane shows that great ideas really can come from nature.
A. How the cane works
B. Then he built a lightweight cane.
C. It also helps them know where to find food to eat.
D. The cane works by sending out sound waves or signals.
E. People will get more new ideas from the bats and other animals.
F. Some inventors get ideas from nature to make some useful things.
【答案】46．F；47．D；48．C；49．B；50．A
【知识点】科普类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了一款通过蝙蝠在夜间飞行原理制作的手杖。
A.How the cane works.如何使用拐杖。
B.Then he built a lightweight cane.然后他做了一根轻便的手杖。
C.It also helps them know where to find food to eat.它也帮助他们知道在哪里可以找到食物。
D.The cane works by sending out sound waves or signals.手杖通过发出声波或信号来工作。
E.People will get more new ideas from the bats and other animals.人们会从蝙蝠和其他动物那里得到更多的新想法。
F.Some inventors get ideas from nature to make some useful things.一些发明家从大自然中获得灵感，制造一些有用的东西。
【点评】考查任务型阅读。任务型阅读的答案选项较少，并且给出的都是句子，因此，我们可以通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符号来判断该句在文章中的位置。另外，通过阅读选项，有可能找出跟其他选项表达完全不同意思的句子，这样的话我们就可以直接将该选项排除。
46．根据前文"Nature is full of great ideas.大自然充满了伟大的想法。"可知，大自然充满许多伟大的想法，利用这些想法，人们可以做些什么。选项F"Some inventors get ideas from nature to
make some useful things.一些发明家从大自然中获得灵感，制造一些有用的东西。"符合语境，故选F。
47．根据后文语境"These signals (信号) are almost the same as the bats use when they fly."可知，此处介绍手杖的工作原理，也就是发出信号。选项D"The cane works by sending out sound
waves or signals.手杖通过发出声波或信号来工作。"符合语境，故选D。
48．根据前文语境"The echo tells bats how far away things like trees are."可知，此处介绍蝙蝠发出的声波形成的回声对蝙蝠的作用。选项C"It also helps them know where to find food to eat.它也帮助他们知道在哪里可以找到食物。"符合语境，故选C。
49．根据前文语境"The scientist who invented the new cane watched how bats fly."和后文"He added something that sends and receives sound waves.Finally, he tested the cane. It worked"可知，此处介绍这款新手杖是怎样被发明的，也就是它的发明过程。选项B"Then he
built a lightweight cane.然后他做了一根轻便的手杖。"符合语境，故选B。
50．根据后文语境"The cane sends out signals. When an echo is sent back, the cane's handle vibrates(振动)."可知，此处具体介绍了手杖是如何工作的。选项A"How the cane works.如何使用拐杖。"符合语境，故选A。
四、阅读并回答问题（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）
（2022·盐城） 回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过6个词。
Hand gestures have been commonly used in our daily communication. They add to the message by filling in what words sometimes leave behind. But are you aware of the history that goes behind some of these popular hand gestures Probably not. Unsurprisingly, each of them has its special history.
Handshake Whether you're greeting someone for the first time, or successfully reaching an agreement, shaking hands is usually the go-to gesture. Who decided on this gesture, anyway The handshake dates back to ancient Greece where it was used as a way to show peace. High Five Whether you entered the final competition or won a debate（辩论）, you were probably given or received a high five before. According to some sources, the high five first became popular when baseball players performed at Dodger Stadium on October 2, 1977. Glenn Burke, one of the players, lifted his arm high above his head and slapped palms with his teammate Dusty Baker to celebrate a victory, marking what is widely considered as the first record of a high five. The Fist Bump The fist bump comes from boxers（拳击手）in the 1970s after people copied how they touched gloves before a competition. Later instead of shaking hands, fist bumps became popular among basketball players. The gesture soon spread to all basketball lovers.
51．What was handshake used as in ancient Greece
52．What kind of sport does the high five gesture come from
53．Why do people have a high five with others
54．Which gesture do basketball players usually prefer
55．What is the passage mainly about
【答案】51．It was used as a way to show peace.
52．It comes from baseball.
53．Because they entered the final competition or won a debate.
54．The fist bump.
55．It is mainly about special histories of three hand gestures.
【知识点】社会文化类；科普类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了三种手势的历史。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。
51．根据表格中第一个手势介绍"The handshake dates back to ancient Greece where it was used as a way to show peace.握手可以追溯到古希腊，在那里握手被用来表示和平。"可知，握手在古希腊被用来表示和平，故答案为：lt was used as a way to show peace。
52．根据表格中第二个手势介绍"According to some sources, the high five first became popular when baseball players performed at Dodger Stadium on October 2,1977.根据一些消息来源，当棒球运动员于1977年10月21日在道奇体育场表演时，击掌第一次流行起来。"可知，击掌来自于棒球，故答案为：lt comes from baseball。
53．根据表格中第二个手势介绍"Whether you entered the final competition or won a debate(辩论) , you were probably given or received a high five before.无论你是参加了决赛还是赢得了辩论，你都可能曾经被人击掌庆祝过。"可知，无论是参加了决赛还是赢得了辩论，都会被击掌庆祝过，故答案为：Because they entered the final competition or won a debate。
54．根据表格中第三个手势介绍"Later, instead of shaking hands, fist bumps became popular among basketball players."可知，篮球运动会通常更喜欢撞拳这个手势，故答案为：The fist bump。
55．根据文章第一段句子"Hand gestures have been commonly used in our daily communication.
They add to the message by filling in what words sometimes leave behind. But are you aware of the history that goes behind some of these popular hand gestures Probably not. Unsurprisingly, each of them has its special history. "可知本文主要介绍了三种手势背后的历史，故答案为：lt is mainly about special histories of three hand gestures。
五、词汇（一）根据句意和汉语提示写出单词，完成句子。（每小题1分）
56．（2022·盐城） The temperature begins to 　 　（上升）when spring comes.
【答案】rise
【知识点】动词原形
【解析】【分析】句意：春天来了，气温开始上升。上升，rise上升，动词。根据"begin to do sth，开始做某事，固定搭配"可知此处应用动词原形，故答案为：rise。
【点评】考查动词拼写。注意识记固定结构"begin to do sth"。
57．（2022·盐城）Drive 　 　（径直地）on, and you'll find Sunshine Park on your left.
【答案】straight
【知识点】其他副词
【解析】【分析】句意：一直往前开，你会发现阳光公园在你的左边。径直地，straight，副词。根据副词修饰动词可知，此处的副词修饰动词drive，故答案为：straight。
【点评】考查副词。注意识记副词修饰动词的用法。
58．（2022·盐城） Everyone in our class believes what Mary says because she is 　 　（诚实的）.
【答案】honest
【知识点】形容词原级
【解析】【分析】句意：我们班每个人都相信玛丽的话，因为她很诚实。诚实的，honest，形容词。be+adj.，形容词作表语，故答案为：honest。
【点评】考查形容词原级。注意识记"be+adj."结构。
59．（2022·盐城） Fishing in Snow, written by Liu Zongyuan, is one of my favourite 　 　（诗歌）.
【答案】poems
【知识点】规则变化的可数名词复数
【解析】【分析】句意：柳宗元的《雪钓》是我最喜欢的诗之一。诗歌，poem，可数名词。根据"one of+可数名词复数，......之一"，固定搭配。可知此处应用可数名词复数形式。故答案为：poems。
【点评】考查可数名词复数。注意识记"one of+可数名词复数"。
60．（2022·盐城） We like to play by quiet streams or 　 　（在……下面）the tall trees while camping.
【答案】under
【知识点】简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意：露营时，我们喜欢在安静的小溪边或高大的树下玩耍。在……下面，under，介词。介词没有人称和数的变化，故答案为：under。
【点评】考查介词。注意识记介词没有人称和数的变化。
六、/strong>、词汇（二）根据句意用所给单词的适当形式填空。（每小题1分）
61．（2022·盐城） Students now have less homework and 　 　（much）spare time.
【答案】more
【知识点】形容词比较级
【解析】【分析】句意：学生现在有更少的家庭作业和更多的空闲时间。much，更多的，形容词。根据less和and可知，此处应填入much的比较级形成对比，much的比较级为more，故答案为：more。
【点评】考查形容词比较级。注意识记and表示并列的用法。
62．（2022·盐城） Grandpa is in his 　 　 (ninety), but he is still willing to learn new things.
【答案】nineties
【知识点】规则变化的可数名词复数
【解析】【分析】句意：爷爷已经九十多岁了，但他仍然愿意学习新事物。ninety，九十，基数词。根据"in his"可知，in one's+基数词复数，在某…….时，固定搭配。此处应用ninety的复数形式，ninety变复数时，改y为i加es。故答案为：nineties。
【点评】考查可数名词复数。注意识记固定搭配"in one's+基数词复数"。
63．（2022·盐城）Everyone's small acts of 　 　（kind）can make a big difference to the world.
【答案】kindness
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：每个人的小小善举都能给世界带来巨大的改变。kind，友善的，形容词，根据句子结构分析，of为介词，介词后接名词作宾语。kind的名词为kindness，善意，故答案为：kindness。
【点评】考查不可数名词。注意识记kindness为不可数名词。
64．（2022·盐城） The Milu deer live 　 　（comfortable）and freely in Dafeng Nature Reserve.
【答案】comfortably
【知识点】其他副词
【解析】【分析】句意：麋鹿在大丰自然保护区舒适自在地生活着。comfortable，舒服的，舒适的，形容词。根据句子结构分析可知，此处缺少副词修饰动词live，comfortable的副词为comfortably。故答案为：comfortably。
【点评】考查副词。注意识记副词修饰动词。
65．（2022·盐城）Cheer up! It doesn't matter who wins because playing football 　 　（it）is great fun.
【答案】itself
【知识点】反身代词
【解析】【分析】句意：振作起来！谁赢并不重要，因为踢足球本身就是很有趣的。it，它，人称代词。根据句子结构分析可知此空作主语的同位语，应用反身代词itself，故答案为：itself。
【点评】考查反身代词。注意识记反身代词做同位语的用法。
（2022·盐城） 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。
I grew up in the countryside. At around 10 years old, I began to learn cooking. The first skill I mastered was making dough（面团）. Since my parents often came home l　66． 　, a prepared dough would help my family have supper sooner. I thought it would be e　67． 　 because I often saw my mum do it — just mix water and flour, right Not quite! It turned out to be a m　68． 　 for a while. First I made the dough too soft. Then I made it too hard. But as I kept trying, I learned the trick.
Later, I cooked fried dishes and things like dumplings and I f　69． 　 in love with cooking. It's a good way to relax. More importantly, thanks to my cooking skill, I live better d　70． 　 the COVID-19 pandemic. Now working at home, I cook every meal instead of ordering takeout. It s　71． 　 money and I don't have to wait for delivery drivers to feed me.
Besides cooking, I did a lot of f　72． 　 work in my childhood. I got to know how to plant vegetables. T　73． 　 it was hard work, the experience taught me things that many of my friends still don't know. For example, the part of a potato that has sprouts（芽）can be planted as a seed. I once discussed this with my friends from the city. They thought it was a p　74． 　 that they didn't have the chance to learn these things in their lives.
Some might say we can learn these things from textbooks. But it can't compare to the j　75． 　 of learning firsthand, watching plants blossom and grow. It brings a new way to look at the world.
【答案】66．(l)ate；67．(e)asy；68．(m)ess；69．(f)ell；70．(d)uring；71．(s)aves；72．(f)arm；73．(T)hough；74．(p)ity；75．(j)oy
【知识点】人生百味类；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要是讲述了作者小时候学的那些技能让他生活更好的故事。
【点评】考查单词拼写。单词拼写题主要考查单词形式，包括名词的单复数和所有格、动词的三单形式、非谓语动词、基数词或序数词，主格代词/宾格代词和物主代词（形容词性物主代词/名词性物主代词）等。这类题目难度不大，重点是掌握句意，在理解的基础上把握句子时态，从而判断所填单词的正确形式。
66．句意：因为我的父母经常很晚回家，一个准备好的面团可以帮助我的家人早点吃晚饭。根据后文语境"a prepared dough would help my family have supper sooner"可推测，我的父母回家很晚，结合所给首字母提示，晚地，late，副词，修饰动词come，故答案为：late。
67．句意：我觉得这很容易，因为我经常看到我妈妈这样做——只要把水和面粉混合就可以了，对吧？根据后文语境"because I often saw my mum do it—just mix water and flour"可知，我认为很简单，be+adj.，系表结构，结合所给首字母提示，简单的，easy，形容词，符合语境。故答案为：easy。
68．句意：结果证明是一团糟。根据后文语境"First I made the dough too soft. Then I made it too hard"可知，并不如想象中那么简单，所以结果是一团糟，a mess，一团糟，可知，结合所给首字母提示，杂乱，混乱局面，mess，可数名词，符合语境。故答案为：mess。
69．句意：后来，我做了煎菜和饺子之类的东西，我爱上了烹饪。fall in love with，爱上，动词短语。文章使用的是一般过去时，动词应用过去式，fall的过去式为fell，故答案为：fell。
70．句意：更重要的是，由于我的烹饪技巧，我在新冠肺炎大流行期间生活得更好。根据语境"l live better"和"the COVID-19 pandemic"可知，是在新冠病毒疫情期间，我过的更好了，结合所给首字母提示，在..…….期间，during，介词，符合语境。故答案为：during。
71．句意：这样既省钱又不用等外卖来给我送饭。根据前文语境"Now working at home, I cook every meal instead of ordering takeout."可知自己做饭吃，不用点外卖，节省金钱，结合所给首字母提示，节约，save，动词。主语是it，时态为一般现在时，动词用第三人称单数形式，故答案为：saves。
72．句意：除了做饭，我小时候还做过很多农活。根据后文语境"l got to know how to plant vegetables"和所给首字母提示，农活，farm，名词，符合语境，故答案为：farm。
73．句意：尽管这是一项艰苦的工作，但这段经历教会了我很多朋友仍然不知道的事情。根据语境"it was hard work"和"the experience taught me things that many of my friends still don't know"的理解可知，此处是让步状语从句，用although或though引导，结合所给首字母T，故答案为：Though。
74．句意：他们觉得这是一个遗憾，他们一生中没有机会学习这些东西。根据后文语境"they didn't have the chance to learn these things in their lives"以及首字母p提示，可知此处意为"遗憾"，遗憾，pity，可数名词，用a修饰。故答案为：pity。
75．句意：但它无法与亲身学习、观看植物开花和生长的乐趣相比。根据the和of可知，空格处应用名词，根据语境"Some might say we can learn these things from textbooks."可知，句子意为"亲眼目睹植物开花生长的乐趣"，乐趣，快乐，joy，不可数名词。故答案为：joy。
七、书面表达（满分20分）
76．（2022·盐城）学校英语俱乐部将组织题为"One Thing I will Do for ▲ "的征文比赛。请根据提示，写一篇短文参赛，分享你将为朋友、家人、学校或社会做的一件事。
1. What will you do 2. How will you do it 3. Why do you choose to do it …
注意事项：
（1）补全题目，如"my friend, my parents, our school"等；
（2）文中不能出现真实姓名、校名等信息；
（3）词数：100左右（文章开头已给出，不计入总词数）；
（4）文章必须包含所有要点，可适当发挥，使短文连贯、通顺。
One Thing I will Do for ▲
I have made great progress in the past three years. Now I want to do one thing for
【答案】One Thing I will Do for My Parents
I have made great progress in the past three years. Now I want to do one thing for my parents.
I want to make a breakfast for my parents. I'm going to the supermarket on Saturday afternoon to buy what I need for breakfast. Then, the next morning I will get up early so as not to wake my parents. I will make my mother's favorite sandwiches and coffee. My father likes to eat tomato beef noodles for breakfast, I will learn how to cook on my phone. Make sure they can have a delicious breakfast after getting up.
I have had this idea in my heart for many years, but I never get the chance to do it. In the past few years, my parents always got up early to prepare breakfast for me. It is their love and support that make me better, so I want to return them with the same love. I love them.
【知识点】提纲作文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇提纲式作文写作，文章要求根据所给提示的要点提纲写一篇征文。首先介绍自己想为谁做一件事，把题目标题补充完整；然后具体阐述自己想做什么事，以及怎样做这件事；最后阐述自己为什么想做这件事。注意根据情景综合运用各种时态，注意并列连词的使用及主谓一致问题。写作中注意上下文的过渡要符合逻辑关系。
【点评】这篇短文详细、全面地阐明了自己想为谁做的事情，并包含了文中所要求的全部信息。其中使用了一些固定句式和短语、包含宾语从句和定语从句的准确使用，为文章增色不少。如：want to do sth.想要做某事；get up起床；make sure确保；prepare sth. for sb.为某人准备某物。以及：l'm going to the supermarket on Saturday afternoon to buy what I need for breakfast. (宾语从句)；lt is their love and support that make me better。（强调句）学习中注意总结并牢记一些固定句式及短语，写作时就可以适当引用,使文章的表达更有逻辑性，更富有条理。
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