【备战中考】2024年中考英语二轮词汇复习学案：选词填空【含真题+专项训练】

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
【英语中考】选词填空
概述
英语中考选词填空，相对于短文填空，选词填空难度有所降低。除了上下文意思连贯之外，另外还需要注意形式变化。其中形式变化中的难点是词性的变化。因此，需要加强判断词性的能力以及总结词性的变化。
1.考查角度：
1）名词常考单复数和所有格（注意单独拥有和共同所有的区别）
2）动词常考时态（通常情况可以由语句中的时间状语判断）和搭配（须日常积累）
3）形容词（常用于名次前做定语或者be动词、情态动词或联系动词后做表语）常考变为副词（常用语修饰动词或形容词）、比较级、最高级词性的变化
4）数词常考基数词和序数词之间的转化：基数词表多少个，直接接名词时，名词常常要用复数形式（a/an/one除外）；序数词以为“第几”，其后面的名词用单数。
常见名词的后缀
1.tion
pollute→pollution invent→invention
2.ness
happy→happiness sad→sadness
3.ment
develop→development encourage→encouragement
4.t结尾的形容词,把t变为 ce，转为名词
important→importance silent→silence patient→patience
职业常见后缀
1.er： teach→teacher work→worker
2.or: act→actor invent→inventor
3.ist： tour→tourist science→scientist
4.ian: music→musician magic→magician
2.解题步骤：
(1)、先浏览所给的选词；
(2)、通读全文，了解大意，结合文章，把选词放进去，看意思前后是否连贯；
(3 )、如果对选词的意思不明确，可以判断空格上缺少的词性，从备选项中进行排除；
(4 )、完成后，要阅读全文，检查是否出现错误，以防出现一个错误，很大可能会牵涉到另一个错误，所以检查尤为重要。
词性的用法以及在句子的位置
词性 主要用法与句中位置 例句
名词 放在句首作主语 动词或者介词后作宾语 特点：代词或冠词后需用名词 Milk is my favorite drink. We can’t live without air. The boy wants to have a new bike.
动词 放句中作谓语 放句中作主语 在介词后（动名词） 在另一动词后（非谓语形式） The man enjoyed a wonderful night. Making a plan is very important. We are fond of playing football. We hope to have another chance.
形容词 系动词作表语 名词前作定语 比较级和最高级 The little girl seems very excited. They bought an expensive car. Health is more important than wealth.
副词 修饰动词 在形容词或副词或整句句首 比较级和最高级 They finally worked out the problem. Luckily, we found our way. He listens to the teacher the most carefully.
介词 后加名词，动名词等 The young man made a living by selling newspapers. I had a good time with the family.
连词 并列连词：连接平行的词，短语或句子 从属连词：通常引导另一个从句 We need to encourage him as well as give him a hand. The boy is late for school because he stayed up last night.
数词 基数词表示个数 序数词表示顺序，意为“第...” There are fifty students in our class. He is the first one to arrive at school.
代词 人称代词：I she he we they... 物主代词：my her his their... 反身代词：myself himself ourselves... 指示代词：this these that those She is my best friend. Our school is bigger than theirs. She can look after herself.
冠词 不定冠词：a /an 定冠词：the 零冠词 I have an idea. He is one of the most famous writers in China.
中考真题
it either be because what else by invent clean popular habit hundred
There is a small thing we use every day.We usually put 1 in the bathroom.Without it,we might have tooth problems.Can you guess 2 it is Yes,it’s the toothbrush.But do you know anything about its history
According to some research,before toothbrushes appeared,the ancient Chinese people 3 their teeth with some small tree branches (树枝).About 800 years ago,people made a kind of brushes with pig hair and bamboo.It might 4 the world’s earliest form of toothbrushes.As time went 5 ,the forms of toothbrushes changed.For example,people chose horse-tail hair instead of pig hair 6 pig hair was too hard.Imagine that you travel back to 7 of years ago and brush your teeth comfortably.It sounds fantastic,doesn’t it
Around the 15th century,the Chinese toothbrush found its way into Europe.It became 8 among local people soon.The 9 of toothbrushes was not as famous as that of paper-making,but it was very useful in daily life.Today we have a good 10 of brushing teeth.We should thank the ancient Chinese for it.
【文章大意】本文介绍了牙刷的历史和功能。
1【详解】句意：我们通常把它放在浴室里。指代前文“a small thing”，需用代词it。故填it。
2【详解】句意：你能猜出它是什么吗？根据“Can you guess...it is ”可知是询问猜出它是什么。what“什么”。故填what。
3【详解】句意：根据一些研究，在牙刷出现之前，中国古人用一些小树枝清洁牙齿。根据“before toothbrushes appeared, the ancient Chinese people...their teeth...”可知没有牙刷，古人会用树枝清洁牙齿。clean the teeth表示“清理牙齿”；句子是一般过去时，动词需用过去式。故填cleaned。
4【详解】句意：这可能是世界上最早的牙刷。此处是系表结构，情态动词might后跟be动词原形。故填be。
5【详解】句意：随着时间的推移，牙刷的形状也发生了变化。As time went by“随着时间的流逝”。故填by。
6【详解】句意：例如，人们选择马尾毛而不是猪毛，因为猪毛太硬了。前后句之间是因果关系，前果后因，用because表示“因为”。故填because。
7【详解】句意：想象一下，你回到几百年前，舒舒服服地刷牙。根据“About 800 years ago”可知此处是hundreds of短语，表示“数以百计的”。故填hundreds。
8【详解】句意：它开始流行起来。根据“It became...among local people soon.”可知空处需填入形容词作表语，popular“受欢迎的”符合语境。故填popular。
9【详解】句意：牙刷的发明不像造纸术那样出名，但在日常生活中非常有用。根据“The...of toothbrushes”可知是指牙刷的发明。invention“发明”。故填invention。
10【详解】句意：今天我们养成了刷牙的好习惯。根据“Today we have a good...of brushing teeth.”可知刷牙是好习惯。have a good habit of“有一个……好习惯”。故填habit。
专项训练一
Give，ask，proud，I，what，ride，by，marry，when，in，they，happy
“What is the meaning of life ” It is a question that I have 1 myself many times over the years.
The best answer I ever came across was written 2 the great psychologist,Victor Frankel,who once wrote,“The meaning of life is to give life meaning.”
When I was a young boy,I gave my life meaning by simply playing,running,swimming,laughing and 3 my bike.When I went to school,I gave my life meaning by learning,studying hard,getting good grades and trying to make my mom and dad take 4 in me.
In college,I found meaning by deciding 5 I wanted to study and the career I wanted to prepare for.When I was working as a teacher in 6 hometown,I found meaning by helping open young minds to new ideas and old wisdom.
When I got 7 ,I found meaning in protecting,providing for,and watching over my wife.And when I found out that both of my kids were born with mental illnesses,I found meaning in caring for 8 .I learned about love,patience,faith and joy.
9 I got older,I began to realize that meaning isn’t something that comes and goes.We are responsible for creating our own meaning.All we have to do is love others and ourselves.It is love that 10 life meaning.It is love that makes life worth living.
专项训练二
month，go，actual，take，hard，but，on，a，festival，spend，easy，so
Have you ever studied abroad Maybe it is 1 amazing experience,especially when you come to Australia as a foreign high school student.You can have a lot of fun there,especially on holidays.
There are many 2 in Australia.The most important one is Christmas.Each year,the summer holidays at every high school last about two 3 from the beginning of December to February, which covers the Christmas period.Since it is a long holiday,most foreign students in Australia love to fly back to their home countries to 4 the time with their families and friends. 5 a few students still stay in Australia during the holiday to get part﹣time jobs.It is quite 6 to find a part﹣time job at Christmas since many people are on holiday.Students often 7 part in another major social activity.They go to the beach to have fun in the sunshine.The summer in Australia is from December to February,so 8 to the beach in December is very popular among Australians.
Easter in March is an important holiday in the year.It 9 combines “Good Friday” and “Easter Monday”.Almost every shop closes 10 Good Friday.And people usually go to the Easter Show.The Chinese New Year is not a public holiday in Australia,so every Chinese student still has to do his or her normal duties.
专项训练三
question，they，when，ask，other，good，part，in，strict，what，another，at
Most students have some problems when they are in junior high schools.Some students worry a lot that their parents want 1 to be the best.Others don’t get on 2 with people,such as their parents and classmates.
Jim,a 14-year-old student from Fujian,can’t understand 3 his English teacher says.So he can’t do well 4 English.Every time when his English teacher asks him some 5 in class,he will feel too nervous to answer anything.He always thinks his classmates will laugh at him if he makes mistakes in English.So he even refuses others’ help.
6 student,Mary from Guangzhou is afraid of exams. 7 she looks at the exam paper,she can’t think of how to write.But she is afraid to tell her parents about that,because her parents are 8 with her and always ask her to do the best.Mary is under great pressure now.
Many students don’t like to 9 for help.Some think it will be a shame if they go to ask teachers or classmates.Others don’t want to talk about their study to anyone.
An expert has the following advice for teenagers: Talk with your parents or teachers often.Take 10 in group activities and play sports.It will be good for you.
专项训练四
they，although，heavy，house，he，from，get，think，if，again，field，but
It was harvest（收获）time.Every day,Chris helped Vilen carry baskets of fruit 1 the field back to the house.The baskets were very 2 ,and there were lots of them!
One morning,when Vilen arrived at Chris’s house,he 3 a cool welcome.“Oh,it’s you.I suppose you need me to help you pick the strawberries 4 today,do you ” said Chris.“Yes,please! We’re nearly finished,but the strawberries will go bad easily if we don’t pick 5 today.” said Vilen.“Honestly,I don’t feel like helping again.It’s boring,and my shoes get all dirty in that 6 ,” said Chris.
Vilen, 7 he was surprised and a bit hurt,managed to say,“All right then,I’ll manage somehow.Have a nice day,Chris!”
Chris decided to go to play basketball.But on the way,he 8 about his friend,hard at work in his field.Chris felt very guilty.“I shouldn’t refuse to help him,” he said to 9 . “I’d better go to the field and see 10 he’s OK.I can go to play basketball another day.”
Chris walked as fast as he could to Vilen’s field.
专项训练五
word，good，on，but，brain，in，take，one，they，loud，again，though
A young woman in her twenties was sitting 1 the train,next to her mother.They both looked tired but excited.The young woman was looking out of the train’s window.Suddenly,she shouted, “Mom,look,the trees are behind us!” Her voice was so 2 that everyone on the train heard.Mom smiled. 3 a young couple who were sitting nearby looked at the young woman’s childish（孩子气的）behaviour with pity.“Poor girl.There must be something wrong with her 4 .” they thought.
A few minutes later,the young woman shouted 5 .“Mom,look! The clouds are running with us!” Mom smiled again.And she seemed very happy with her daughter’s 6 that she said just now. Finally,the couple couldn’t help asking the old woman,“Sorry if we offend（冒犯）you.But why don’t you 7 your daughter to a good doctor ” The old woman smiled and said.“Actually, we have just come from a hospital.” “Then you should go to a 8 one.Because it seems that your daughter’s situation hasn’t improved.” said one of them.“No,in fact I’m very happy with the treatment.” said the mother,“My daughter was blind from birth.Today,she is seeing the world for the 9 time.”
Every person has a story.Don’t judge people before you know 10 well.The truth might surprise you.
专项训练参考答案
专项训练一
1.asked 2. by 3. riding 4. pride
5. what 6. my 7. married 8. them
9. when 10. gives
专项训练二
1.an 2. festivals 3. months 4. spend
5. but 6. easy 7. take 8. going
9.actually 10. on
专项训练三
1.Them 2. well 3. what 4. in
5. questions 6. Another 7. When 8. strict
9.ask 10. part
专项训练四
1.from 2. heavy 3. got 4. again
5. them 6. field 7. although 8. thought
9.himself 10. if
专项训练五
1.on 2. loud 3. but 4. brain
5.again 6.words 7.take 8. better
9. first 10. them
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