人教版（2019）必修 第一册Unit 5 Languages around the world Discovering Useful Structures课件(共33张PPT)

(共33张PPT)
高中英语人教版
Languages
around the World
b1u5 discovering useful structures
主讲人：Cathy
Review: observe and think
Read the following story of Kim (Part 1) and answer the questions below.
Hello there! My name is Kim. I am an exchange student who comes from Britain. Ever since I was a little kid, I have been fascinated by Chinese ancient civilization which has continued all the way through into modern times. Therefore, I am working hard to learn Chinese now, and I have to admit it is the most challenging language that I have ever learnt. Luckily, I have a great Chinese teacher whom I respect a lot. As my teacher puts it, a language whose history dates back to thousands of
years ago is a treasure to all human beings.
Q1: What sentence pattern appears again and again in the story？
relative clauses
Q2: How many of them can you find
5
Q3: Which words are used to introduce the relative clauses ？
who/ which/ that/ whom/ whose
Review: observe and think
I am an exchange student who comes from Britain.
Q1：What is the function of the underlined clause？
It is used as an attribute (定语) to modify an exchange student.
Q2: Do we have a name for such clauses？
relative clauses (定语从句).
Q3: What do we call the noun or pronoun followed by the relative clauses ？
An antecedent (先行词).
Q4: What sentence element does the antecedent serve as in the
relative clause？
Subject (主语).
Observe and sum up.
1. I am an exchange student who comes from Britain.
Q5: What do we call the words used to begin an relative clause such as who in the sentence
Relative pronouns (关系代词).
Q6: Can the word “who” be replaced by other relative pronouns
Yes, it can be replaced by that.
Q7: Can the word “who” be omitted (省略)
No.
Observe and sum up.
2. I have been fascinated by Chinese ancient civilization which has continued all the way through into modern times.
Q1: What is the antecedent in the sentence
Chinese ancient civilization.
Q2: What sentence element does the antecedent serve as in the relative clause
Subject (主语).
Q3: Can the word “which” be replaced by other relative pronouns
Yes, it can be replaced by that.
Q4: Can the word “which” be omitted？
No.
Observe and sum up.
3. I have to admit it is the most challenging language that I have ever learnt.
Q1: What is the antecedent in the sentence
Language.
Q2: What sentence element does the antecedent serve as in the relative clause？
Object (宾语).
Q3: Can the word “that” be replaced by other relative pronouns
No.
Q4: Can the word “that” be omitted？
Yes.
Observe and sum up.
4. Luckily, I have a great Chinese teacher whom I respect a lot.
Q1: What is the antecedent in the sentence
A teacher.
Q2: What sentence element does the antecedent serve as in the relative clause
Object (宾语).
Q3: Can the word “whom” be replaced by other relative pronouns
Yes, it can be replaced by that/ who.
Q4: Can the word “whom” be omitted
Yes.
Observe and sum up.
5. As my teacher puts it, a language whose history dates back to thousands of years ago is a treasure to all human beings.
Q1: What is the antecedent in the sentence？
A language.
Q2: What sentence element does the antecedent serve as in the relative clause？
Attribute (定语).
Q3: Can the word “whose” be replaced by other relative pronouns？
No.
Q4: Can the word “whose” be omitted？
No.
Observe and sum up.
1. I am an exchange student who comes from Britain.
2. I have been fascinated by Chinese ancient civilization which has continued all the way through into modern times.
3. I have to admit it is the most challenging language that I have ever learnt.
4. Luckily, I have a great Chinese teacher whom I respect a lot.
5. As my teacher puts it, a language whose history dates back to thousands of years ago is a treasure to all human beings.
Observe and sum up.
Summary
定语从句是用于修饰______或______的从句。
被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词就叫做________。
引导定语从句的词叫做___________，有____________________
________________等.
that既可指____又可以指____，代替先行词在定从中做__________
___________。
which只能指____，代替先行词在定从中做__________________。
who只能指____，代替先行词在定从中做__________________。
whom只能指_____，代替先行词在定从中做_________。
whose既可指_____又可以指____，代替先行词在定从中做_______。
名词
代词
先行词
关系代词
that，which，who，
whom，whose
人
物
主语、
宾语或表语
物
人
人
人
物
主语、宾语或表语
主语、宾语或表语
宾语
定语
第二部分
Observe and think
I will never forget the day when I entered my Chinese class for the first time. At first I felt a little uncomfortable and couldn’t follow the teacher. But with time passing by, now I enjoy every Chinese class where I am not afraid of making mistakes and begin to learn more and more about the culture and history behind the Chinese characters. This is the reason why I am such a big fan of the Chinese language. Right now I am eager to make more Chinese friends from whom I can learn more about China and I am hoping we can
build a bridge through which foreigners can understand China better.
Read the following story of Kim (Part 2) and answer the questions below.
Q1: What sentence pattern appears again and again in the story
relative clauses
Q2: How many of them can you find
5
Q3: Which words are used to introduce the relative clauses
when/ where/ why/ from whom/ through which
Observe and think
I will never forget the day when I entered my Chinese class
for the first time.
Q1: What is the antecedent in the sentence
The day.
Q2: What sentence element does the antecedent serve as in the relative clause？
Adverbial of time (时间状语).
Q3: What word is used to introduce the relative clause
when
Q4: Does “when” belong to relative pronouns
No.
Q4: If not, what do we call such words
Relative adverbs (关系副词).
Observe and sum up.
2. I enjoy every Chinese class where I am not afraid of making mistakes and begin to learn more and more about the culture and history behind the Chinese characters.
Q1: What is the antecedent in the sentence
The class.
Q2: What sentence element does the antecedent serve as in the relative clause
Adverbial of place (地点状语).
Q3: What word is used to introduce the relative clause
where
3. This is the reason why I am such a big fan of the Chinese language.
Q1: What is the antecedent in the sentence
The reason.
Q2: What sentence element does the antecedent serve as in the relative clause
Adverbial of reason (原因状语).
Q3: What word is used to introduce the relative clause
why
Observe and sum up.
4. Right now I am eager to make more Chinese friends from whom I can learn more about China...
Q1: What is the antecedent in the sentence
Friends.
Q2: What sentence element does the antecedent serve as in the relative clause
Adverbial of place(地点状语).
Q3: What words are used to introduce the relative clause
from whom ...
Observe and sum up.
5. I am hoping we can build a bridge through which foreigners can understand China better.
Q1: What is the antecedent in the sentence
A bridge.
Q2: What sentence element does the antecedent serve as in the relative clause
Adverbial of manner (方式状语).
Q3: What words are used to introduce the relative clause
through which ...
Observe and sum up.
Summary
定语从句是用于修饰______或______的从句。
被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词就叫做________。
引导定语从句的词叫做___________，有____________________
________________等.
that既可指____又可以指____，代替先行词在定从中做__________
___________。
which只能指____，代替先行词在定从中做__________________。
who只能指____，代替先行词在定从中做__________________。
whom只能指_____，代替先行词在定从中做_________。
whose既可指_____又可以指____，代替先行词在定从中做_______。
名词
代词
先行词
关系代词
that，which，who，
whom，whose
人
物
主语、
宾语或表语
物
人
人
人
物
主语、宾语或表语
主语、宾语或表语
宾语
定语
引导定从的关系词除了有我们前面复习的关系代词，还有_________。
当先行词代入到定从中充当___ _ ______ 时，用关系副词when。
当先行词代入到定从中充当________ __时，用关系副词where。
当先行词代入到定从中充当________ __时，用关系副词why。
此外，当先行词代入到定从中充当各种状语时，还可以根据
需要使用_________ ____________来替换关系副词when/ where/ why.
关系副词
时间状语
地点状语
原因状语
prep. + which/ whom
Summary
第三部分
Suppose you are going to study a language in a foreign country for a semester, which language or country/ city do you prefer And which season do you plan to go Share your choices and your reasons with your group members. Here are some sentence patterns you may use:
Perhaps I would study French which sounds beautiful and elegant.
I prefer to further my study in Paris where the famous Eiffel Tower lies.
I would like to go there in autumn when all the leaves turn yellow.
The reason why I prefer to learn French is that I think it is a romantic language.
Brainstorming:
Complete the passage with the correct relative adverbs or
pronouns. Add a preposition when necessary.
When I started studying German, it was a struggle. The words felt strange on my tongue, and the grammar would not stay in my head. I told my mum that I wanted to give up, and that I would never live in a country _____________ German was spoken. My mum told me that studying a language was not just for my future. It was exercise for the brain; the more I learnt of a language, the more my brain would grow. And I remember that day _______________ I suddenly felt like German was no longer a foreign language. It felt like my brain had doubled in size. I had finally come to a place _______ I could think in this foreign language, and I could see the world from a different point of view. I felt as if I had reached the goal ___________ l had been fighting for. I could open a book and see meanings, not just a sea of words. I finally understood the reason _______________ my mum had encouraged me not to give up.
where/ in which
语境应用
when/ on which
where
that/ which
why/ for which
Summary
定语从句解题三步骤
三“分析”
把先行词代入定从
分析先行词在定从中充当的成分
找出先行词
做主/ 宾/ 表/ 定，选择关系代词
一“找”
二“代”
做状语，
选择关系副词
主/宾/ 表；人/物
which
who
whose
that
whom
when
where
why
主/宾/ 表；物
主/宾/ 表；人
宾语；人
定语；人/物
时间状语
地点状语
原因状语
Complete the sentences with the correct relative pronouns or adverbs.
① Kim will never forget the day
② The Chinese class is the place
③ There are so many reasons
Compare and think
_______ he entered the Chinese class for the first time.
__________ he spent with his Chinese friends.
when
which/ that
_______ Kim is not afraid to make mistakes.
__________ Kim goes to twice a week.
where
which/ that
_______ people choose to learn a foreign language.
__________ people give for their preference for Chinese.
why
which/ that
易错点：
并不是先行词是一个表示时间的词，引导定语从句的关系词就用when， 而是取决于先行词代入到定从中所做的成分。做时间状语才用when，做主、宾、表仍然要用which或that.
Complete the passage with the correct relative pronouns or adverbs below.
that when where (in) which who why
The United Nations(UN) is an organization ___________aims to promote international cooperation. It was founded in 1945 and has about 190 member states. This is the reason _______ the UN has a huge number of translators and interpreters, since international meetings in the UN are attended by people ___________ speak so many different languages. Translators are people ______ usually work with written language, while interpreters work with spoken language. Meetings _____________ only two languages are used may need only one interpreter, while larger events ______________ leaders from many countries gather may need over 70 interpreters.
that/ which
语境应用
why
where/ in which
who/ that
who/ that
where/ in which
Complete the passage with the correct relative pronouns or adverbs below.
that when where (in) which who why
There are two main ways that an interpreter can provide spoken translation. First is the method __________ requires the speaker to stop every few sentences, so the interpreter can translate those sentences for the audience. The second method is the one ____ _ ___ the interpreter listens and translates at the same time. This second method is more difficult, but the place _____________ the interpreter is located is not so important. The interpreter can be in a completely different location from the speaker, listen through headphones, and translate for an audience sitting in another location!
in which/ where
where/ in which
that/ which
语境应用
KEYWORD
KEYWORD
KEYWORD
KEYWORD
高考真题实战练习
Complete the sentences with the correct relative pronouns or adverbs.
1. I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the mountain tops and dark waters _______ are pictured by artists.
2. Maybe you leave a habit _______ is driving your family crazy.
3. Behind him were other people to ______ he was trying to talk.
4. Mr. Fox said he hoped his invention, _______ is set to be installed in other villages, will make a return to convenience shopping.
5. I recently read an article about “monophobia”, _______ is a real illness people can suffer from.
6. She was taking the food to the refugee camp, in _____ she distributed it to children.
7. Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, _______ lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the development of chopsticks.
8. Sarah, _______ has taken part in shows along with top models wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.
高考真题实战练习
Complete the sentences with the correct relative pronouns or adverbs.
9. The best part of the process is that there’s enough room for improvement, _______ means you’ll just keep getting better and better.
10. Two of the authors made a study published in 2014 _______ showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease.
11. The government started a program _____ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers.
12. Many westerners _______ come to China cook much less than in their own countries.
13. He was already selling vegetables in the market _______ people from the town met regularly.
14.The next day, my brother and I went to the beach _______ we watched some people play volleyball.
高考真题实战练习
Complete the sentences with the correct relative pronouns or adverbs.
15. I decided to leave home for New York, _______ I might have a better chance to find a good job.
16. But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, _______ I was the first Western TV reporter to film …
17. Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring was spread over the garden, _______ it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted through it.
18. Nick’s guests, _______ had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy …
19. Of course whenever they turned to look at him, they had to look at Mary, _______ made her feel like a star.
20. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of fat and salt, _______ is not good for the health.
高考真题实战练习
感谢...