龙城高级中学(教育集团)实验高级中学
2023-2024学年第一学期期中考试
高二英语试卷
考试时间:120分钟 分值:150分
注意事项:
1.本试卷共8页,满分150分,考试用时120分钟。
2.答题前,请将学校、班级、姓名和考号用规定的笔写在答题卡指定的位置上,并将条形码粘贴在答题卡的贴条形码区。请保持条形码整洁、不污损。
3.本卷试题,考生必须在答题卡上按规定作答;凡在试卷、草稿纸上作答的,其答案一律无效。答题卡必须保持清洁,不能折叠。
4.选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔将答题卡选择题答题区内对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案;非选择题答案必须用规定的笔,按作答题目的序号,写在答题卡非选择题答题区内。
5.考试结束,请将答题卡交回。
第一部分基础知识(共30小题,每小题1.5分,满分45分)
单项选择 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳进项。
1. Nowadays many individuals and groups worldwide are working hard to that everyone can live in a peaceful world.
A. inform B. assign C. guarantee D. entertain
2. 1 picked up a wallet in my school and handed it to the head teacher, but no one has it ever since.
A. spotted B. sharpened C. claimed D. probed
3. You a rest after all that hard work.
A. examine B. impress C. persevere D. deserve
4. The exhibition gives local artists an opportunity to ______ their work.
A. entertain B. display C. complete D. obtain
5. The recent field research ________ the mystery of the Sanxingdui ancient tombs.
A. cheered up B. burst onto C. threw light on D. benefited from
6. I’m writing to express my gratitude for your ________ in solving the problem together with the colleagues.
A. rejection B. cooperation C. dilemma D. affection
7 I was ________ when Kenny wanted me to take care of his dog for a few days. I hate dogs.
A. brought under control B. set in motion
C. taken into account D. put on the spot
8. Even though Mr. Zhang moved to the big city as an adult, he never forgot his________, so he built a school for his village.
A. characteristic B. resource C. sample D. root
9. Mary when she heard her idol Michael Jackson singing.
A. gave way B. carried on C. did the trick D. went wild
10. The winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature (文学) 2012, Mo Yan , said he did not have high ________ for winning. Actually, he thought he only had a small chance to win.
A. function B. satisfaction C. expectation D. necessity
11. Tony moved to a village so that nobody in his hometown could find him.
A distant B. distinct C. vivid D. ethnic
12. When you look at their new system, ours seems very old-fashioned
A. in brief B. in conclusion C. in contrast D. in a row
13. He felt _________ when ________ before his classmate’s.
A. embarrassing; making fun B. embarrassed; made fun of
C. embarrassing; to be made fun of D. embarrassed; being made fun
14. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, ________, of course, made the others envy him.
A. as B. that C. what D. which
15. We reached Quebec on the eighth day, ________ most people speak French.
A. where B. which C. when D. what
16. ________ all his friends say, he is usually warm-hearted, loving and generous.
A. Which B. As C. What D. That
17. Jane, is often the case with children, was unwilling to see a doctor though she felt sick
A. which B. that C. it D. as
18. A good advertisement people attach positive meanings, can contribute to the sales of a product.
A. which B. to which C. for which D. on which
19 It ______Mike and Mary who helped the old man several days ago.
A. was B. is C. are D. were
20. Only when ________ in the afternoon ________ able to leave.
A. the match was over; they were B. the match was over; were they
C. was the match over; were they D. was the match over; they were
21. that the government will lead them out of the financial crisis, people are now to the development of economy,
A. Convincing; devoted B. Being convinced; devoting
C. Convincing; devoting D. Convinced; devoted
22. I can’t stand ________ with Jane in the same office, as she just refuses ________ while she works.
A. working; talking B. to work; to talk
C. working; to talk D. to work; talking
23. The machine needs , so the workers are required ready.
A. to repair; to get B. repairing; to get
C. To repair ; getting D. to be repaired; getting
24. _______ to English as possible as you can is regarded as the best way to learn English well.
A. Exposed B. Having exposed C. Being exposed D. Expose
25. ________ much about computer technology troubled him a lot.
A He didn’t know B. Not his knowing
C. He not knowing D. His not knowing
26. In April, thousands of holiday-makers remained ________ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.
A. to stick B. stick C. stuck D. sticking
27. The first thing I do every morning is_________exercise.
A. taking B. to take C. took D. to have taken
28. When we arrived, the dinner ________.
A. already began B. has already begun C. had already begun D. was just begun
29. —I’m sure Andrew will win first prize in the English-speaking contest.
—I think so. He _______ for it for months.
A. is preparing B. was preparing
C. had been preparing D. has been preparing
30. —Did Jerry enjoy seeing his brother yesterday
—Yes, he did. He________ him for a long time.
A. didn’t see B. wouldn’t see C. hasn’t seen D. hadn’t seen
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Frequently Asked Questions about Assessment
Does it matter if my coursework is too long or too short
The word count for each piece of coursework should be provided on the title page. IOE allows a 10% margin(差额)on the word limit set for the coursework. For example, if the word limit is 5, 000 words, you can submit an assessment of between 4, 500 and 5, 500 words. Note that if your work exceeds (超出)the 10% margin, it will automatically fail.
When is the deadline for coursework assignments
Final deadlines for coursework submissions are normally 2 calendar moths after the end of term in which the module runs. Coursework deadlines will be published on your programme webpage at the start of the academic year. The deadline for reports is normally the first working day in September. Note that you MUST submit your coursework by the deadline and that failure to do so in automatic fail.
When will I receive the grade and feedback for my coursework
Your coursework and report are independently marked by two members of staff. Once the markers have agreed a grade, you will be informed of your results by the programme administrator. We aim to complete this process within 4 weeks of the submission deadline. Feedback and grades are not guaranteed within 4 weeks for extended, delayed, or resubmitted coursework. In special circumstances, you may apply for additional time to complete your coursework but must submit the evidence proving you are impacted by unforeseen factors. The time should be not later than two weeks before the original deadline.
If you are in any doubt about the assessment, please contact the programme administrator.
31. What results in an automatic fail
A. Exceeding the word limit.
B. Not providing the word count.
C. Missing the coursework deadline.
D. Not publishing the coursework.
32. What can you do if you have doubts about the feedback you received
A. Consult the programme administrator.
B. Submit evidence to support your case.
C. Revise your coursework based on the feedback.
D. Contact the markers who provided the feedback.
33. Where is this text probably taken from
A. A textbook. B. An exam paper.
C. An academic article. D. A programme handbook.
B
When Roy Austin went on his first wildlife trip back in 2018, his only goal for the leisurely vacation was to catch sight of some African wildlife in its natural habitat-but he ended up finding something much more meaningful. He was most captivated (迷住) by the people he met in rural Kenya-particularly at the Amboseli Primary and Secondary School in Amboseli National Park.
In addition to befriending many of the students and teachers, Austin was surprised to learn how difficult it was to get books and school supplies for the children. “In rural Kenya, the government does not build school buildings. You either build it yourself or raise money to have it built,” says Austin. “A teacher was asked if they had a library. She replied, ‘No, but we would love to have a library.’ That stuck in my mind.“
When Austin eventually returned to his home in Bluffton, South Carolina, he launched Libraries for Kids International. Since starting the charity, Austin has managed to ship more than 1,000 books to 11 schools across Kenya and Tanzania. He sends the books through the post office rather than FedEx to keep the shipping costs down.
As it continues to collect books and donations for additional shipments, Austin says that the charity is now helping to move a shipping container of 22,000 books from Atlanta to Kenya. In the future, he hopes to start sending donations to South America as well.
“Many people told me that it can’t be done. It’s too expensive to ship books, and they will disappear going through customs,” Austin says. “However, every worthwhile project will have problems and barriers. If you focus on the problems, you will never start. On the contrary, if you focus on the aim and solve the problems as they arise, most anything is possible.”
34. What problem does Austin find in rural Kenya
A. Education depends on charity.
B. Students lack education resources
C. Books get lost going through customs.
D. Families can’t afford the kids’ schooling.
35. What does Austin do for the people in rural Kenya
A. He teaches at school. B. He funds a library for them.
C. He reduces the shipping costs. D. He ships books to schools.
36. Which of the following best describes Austin
A. A crazy adventurer B. A devoted educator.
C. An enthusiastic charitarian D. A popular book-seller.
37. What can we learn from Austin’s story
A. Well begun, half done.
B. Success belongs to the persevering.
C. Every bit of effort makes a big difference.
D. Nothing is difficult to a determined mind.
C
The Roman Colosseum was built almost two thousand years ago. Despite its age and a 14th century earthquake that knocked down the south side, most of the 150-some foot building is still standing. Scientists and engineers have long suspected a key to the building’s durability (使用年限) is the use of a specific Roman concrete. But exactly how this solid concrete has contributed to the architecture’s strength has been a mystery to researchers across the globe.
A team of researchers recently discovered a potential answer to why these ancient Roman buildings have been able to weather the test of time while many modern concrete structures seem to fall apart after a few decades. The answer is self-healing concrete.
The material has three components: limestone (石灰石), volcanic material and water. What the researchers found was that the self-healing feature might be simply caused by chemistry accidentally. The limestone in the concrete is likely the secret.
When the ancient Romans made mortar (灰浆), they heated up the lime to turn it into a substance called “quicklime”. And, because they introduced water to the quicklime during mixing, the heat it produced set up a chemical foundation that could strengthen the concrete later. When tiny cracks start to form later, the quicklime stops them from becoming bigger. When it rains, the lime reacts with the water to recombine as various forms of calcium carbonate (碳酸钙), quickly filling the crack or reacting with the volcanic ash to “heal” the material.
For materials scientist Ainissa Ramirez, this new understanding of ancient Roman concrete is a welcome discovery. “This is one way that the material can be more environmentally friendly,” says Ramirez. “It’s sort of like a message in a bottle. The Romans made the material. We had to kind of figure out how they did it so that we can make better materials — and then, you know, in turn, be better protectors of our environment.”
38. What can we learn from Paragraph 1
A. The secret of Roman concrete has been revealed.
B. The Roman Colosseum was built in the 14th century.
C. The whole Roman Colosseum survived the earthquake.
D. Roman concrete is essential to the architecture’s strength.
39. What does the underlined word “weather” in Paragraph 2 mean
A. Take. B. Stand. C. Avoid. D. Fail.
40. What do we know about the self-healing process
A. The lime itself could fill the crack later.
B. The quicklime should be made on rainy days.
C. The chemical foundation could weaken the concrete.
D. Combining water and quicklime would produce heat.
41. What can be inferred from Ramirez’s words
A. People can be inspired to make greener materials.
B. The secret of Roman concrete is hidden in a bottle.
C. Roman concrete has greatly improved the environment.
D. Roman concrete is popular in making modern architecture.
D
With nearly a quarter of global greenhouse gas coming from all types of transportation, can we keep ourselves off gas-powered vehicles to avoid the worst effects As more governments push for urgent action on climate change, quite a few companies are betting their future – that millions of consumers are finally ready for electricity-powered vehicles. Modern battery-powered cars are selling fast and zero- emission ( 排放) planes are coming. These changes, both leading to a more sustainable future, are reinventing how we get from here to there.
Cars and trucks are undergoing their greatest improvement since the automobile’s (汽车) existence more than a century ago. Almost overnight, the era of the electric car has arrived. Electricity has the advantage that it works without smell and with less noise. Global annual sales of electric vehicles are expected to soar from just over 3 million today to 14 million by 2025. Just a month after Ford unveiled an electric version of the popular F-150, customers had reserved more than 100,000 of them. The price is about $10,000 above the gas-powered one, but Ford says the electric model will cost much less to maintain. Everything creating a green revolution on the ground is of limited help in the sky for the time being.
High-storage batteries are useless at present when it comes to the technological challenge of launching a few hundred people into the sky and carrying them thousands of miles. No battery yet invented can power, say, a Boeing 747 from New York to London. Promising improvements, however, do add up. Developments with zero-emission, battery-powered electric engines are already happening in commercial flight, involving trips of limited duration and distance. Airlines specializing in short journeys with small planes will lead the way to electric flight.
Our planet’s health depends on zeroing out carbon dioxide emissions by 2050, and yet, by the timetable needed to address the climate challenge, the shift away from gas-powered vehicles remains far too slow. Nevertheless, the train has left the station. Someday, electric-powered transportation will be as common as air.
42. Why are many companies switching to electricity-powered vehicles
A. To reinvent the way we travel.
B. To cut the costs of car production.
C. To improve the quality of products.
D. To pursue sustainable development.
43. What do we know about the electric car
A. It came into use a century ago.
B. It enjoys increasing popularity.
C. It sells better than the traditional one.
D. It costs less than the gas-powered one.
44. What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 3
A. To show the disadvantages of battery power.
B. To emphasize the significance of short flights.
C. To stress the future prospects of electric planes.
D. To state the developments of commercial flight.
45. What does the author mean by saying “the train has left the station”
A. Train transportation has improved.
B. Green transportation is on its way.
C. The electric train is running regularly.
D. The gas-powered train has become the past.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项
ChatGPT, developed by Open AI, an AI company, is a chatbot known for its ability to quickly and clearly answer questions and provide detailed information in a conversational way. ____46____ Now people are starting to use it as a therapist (治疗师) in mental health care.
Compared with human therapist, ChatGPT has many advantages. For patients, human therapists might judge them or treat them differently while an AI therapist won’t. Besides, a human therapist can only speak to one person at a time and the average therapy fees are high. ____47____ It provides a timely response to help patients move forward with their problems.
____48____ As it isn’t designed to be a therapist, there are risks in getting suggestions from an AI robot who didn’t go to medical school. What’s more, the face-to-face communication is a huge part of what makes therapy effective. AI-based therapists can’t notice facial expressions, nor are they able to provide the same level of emotional support as a human can. ____49____ After you share information with an AI therapist, where does it go Could it be stored in public databases, and then be used or shared by others
It’s still early days for AI related to mental health. In the future, it is likely that AI-based tools will be able to provide more personalized suggestions for individuals suffering from various mental health problems. But even if technology gets there, AI should only play a supporting role. ____50____
A. Privacy issues are another concern.
B. But ChatGPT is available anytime and anywhere, for free.
C. It can not be a replacement for talking to a human professional.
D. At the same time, there are disadvantages in ChatGPT’s stability.
E. Thirdly, human therapists can tell a patient’s psychological state better.
F It has gained massive popularity and widespread usage since its launch.
G. However, some experts warn that Al therapists may have some limitations.
第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题:每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
This year, hundreds of people around the world are applying for a desired job to run Port Lockroy, the world’s most remote post office. The____51____is in Antarctica, and one of the key____52____is the ability to count penguins (企鹅).
Each year, the UK Antarctic Heritage Trust____53____four postmen to live on the island from November to March. Apart from being a nearly 80-year-old British-owned post office, it____54____as a museum. Although employees each have unique____55____, they are cooperatively responsible for preserving the____56____place and caring for the thousands of tourists. The staff is also____57____environmental data collection and wildlife monitoring.
Applicants are warned there’s not much time for relaxation and rest. Still, the job is highly____58____.The UK Antarctic Heritage Trust gets hundreds of applications____59____for the position. They are mainly_____60_____to Port Lockroy, both for its history and its scientific significance. Lucy Dorman succeeded in applying for the 2019-2020 season. It was a real_____61_____for her. “Even though the job can be hard at times, there’s a real sense of community. You’ve got to_____62_____because you can’t get away from each other very easily. I really love that sort of _____63_____,” she said. “And what you can achieve here is_____64_____.The total experience offers both a different _____65_____ towards the world and a new viewpoint on your function on the planet.”
51. A. centre B. position C. aim D. unit
52. A. requirements B. characteristics C. virtues D. activities
53. A. persuades B. instructs C. encourages D. hires
54. A. considers B. transforms C. doubles D. changes
55. A. tastes B. talents C. roles D. backgrounds
56. A. temporary B. historic C. grand D. magical
57. A. in favor of B. in memory of C. in possession of D. in charge of
58. A. well-paid B. sought-after C. hard-won D. broken-down
59. A. annually B. weekly C. monthly D. daily
60. A. invited B. devoted C. linked D. drawn
61. A. joy B. lesson C. effort D. shock
62. A. get along B. show off C. break through D. give in
63. A. loneliness B. eagerness C. looseness D. Togetherness
64. A. consistent B. rewarding C. invisible D. controversial
65. A. entrance B. answer C. attitude D. introduction
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The World Health Organization (WHO) has announced a shocking finding about the air we breathe. It has found that almost everyone on Earth breathes unhealthy air. The WHO made ___66___(it) air quality update ahead of World Health Day on April 7. The update reported that 99 per cent of the world’s population breathes air ___67___ goes beyond WHO air quality limits. It looked at data from over 6,000 cities in 117 countries. People ___68___(live) in lower- and middle-income countries breathe the poorest-quality air. Millions of people die in these countries because of pollution-related diseases. The WHO said: “After surviving a pandemic, it is unacceptable to still have 7 million preventable deaths due ___69___ air pollution.”
The WHO said its report highlighted the need to move away from fossil fuels. It asked governments to do more ___70___ (reduce) levels of air pollution. It said: “Current energy concerns highlight the importance of speeding up the transition to cleaner and ___71___(healthy) energy systems.” It added that high gas prices, energy ___72___(secure), the dangers of air pollution, and climate change mean the world must be less dependent on fossil fuels. The WHO report ___73___(include) many recommendations for change. One of these is ___74___ use of clean energy for cooking, heating and lighting. Another is to “build safe and affordable public transport systems and pedestrian- and cycle-friendly ___75___(network)”.
第四部分写作(满分25分)
76. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
I had a very peaceful childhood and I mostly ignored the fact that my elder sister was different. She got “Asperger Syndrome” (社交困难症). It turned my parents’ world upside down - but they never let it affect me. My parents worked very hard at ensuring that everything seemed pleasant and quiet for me.
It was only at the age of ten that I started to notice the differences and became aware of my social life and self-image that I had carefully built up. My sister on the other hand, was socially awkward. She could not look at people in the eye. She would whisper to herself and repeat the words she had just said. However, she was academically capable, so we attended the same primary school. Despite this, I never admitted in public that she was my sister.
However, there was one incident that changed how I viewed my sister and changed me.
Being in primary six, about to graduate, my sister and her classmates had to put on a performance, whether in a group, or on their own. Because she failed to join others, she was the only one left without a group. The school had made it a must for everyone to perform, so my sister had to do it by herself. “I’ll sing,” my sister told my parents, somewhat confidently.
Hearing that, I was completely shocked. How could my sister who was socially awkward, sing in front of the school I knew so very well that if I allowed this to happen, she would embarrass me. “No!” I protested. My parents shot me a look and I knew my sister was going to perform anyway, and I was going to be part of the audience watching her. Silently, I wished that something would happen and I would not have to watch my sister lose face.
注意：1. 续写次数应为130左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
On the day of performace, I sat in the hall.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I felt relaxed and appreciated it with excitement.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________龙城高级中学(教育集团)实验高级中学
2023-2024学年第一学期期中考试
高二英语试卷
考试时间:120分钟 分值:150分
注意事项:
1.本试卷共8页,满分150分,考试用时120分钟。
2.答题前,请将学校、班级、姓名和考号用规定的笔写在答题卡指定的位置上,并将条形码粘贴在答题卡的贴条形码区。请保持条形码整洁、不污损。
3.本卷试题,考生必须在答题卡上按规定作答;凡在试卷、草稿纸上作答的,其答案一律无效。答题卡必须保持清洁,不能折叠。
4.选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔将答题卡选择题答题区内对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案;非选择题答案必须用规定的笔,按作答题目的序号,写在答题卡非选择题答题区内。
5.考试结束,请将答题卡交回。
第一部分基础知识(共30小题,每小题1.5分,满分45分)
单项选择 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳进项。
1. Nowadays many individuals and groups worldwide are working hard to that everyone can live in a peaceful world.
A. inform B. assign C. guarantee D. entertain
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，世界上许多个人和团体正在努力工作，以确保每个人都能生活在一个和平的世界。A. inform通知；B. assign分配；C. guarantee保证；D. entertain招待。根据后文“everyone can live in a peaceful world”可知，应是“确保每个人都能生活在一个和平的世界”符合语境。故选C项。
2. 1 picked up a wallet in my school and handed it to the head teacher, but no one has it ever since.
A. spotted B. sharpened C. claimed D. probed
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在我的学校捡了一个钱包并交给了班主任，但一直都没人来认领。A. spotted注意到；B. sharpened变锋利；C. claimed认领、索取；D. probed探索、调查。结合“I picked up a wallet in my school and handed it to the head teacher”和but可知，应该是无人认领钱包。故选C项。
3. You a rest after all that hard work.
A. examine B. impress C. persevere D. deserve
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：辛苦劳累那么久后,你该休息一下了。A. examine检查；B. impress使印象深刻；C. persevere保持、坚持；D. deserve应得。结合“after all that hard work”可知，此处指辛苦这么久后应休息，应用deserve。故选D项。
4. The exhibition gives local artists an opportunity to ______ their work.
A. entertain B. display C. complete D. obtain
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次展览给了当地艺术家展示作品的机会。A. entertain娱乐；B. display展示；C. complete完成；D. obtain获得。根据上文“The exhibition gives local artists an opportunity to”指给了当地艺术家展示作品的机会，应用display。故选B。
5. The recent field research ________ the mystery of the Sanxingdui ancient tombs.
A. cheered up B. burst onto C. threw light on D. benefited from
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：实地调查揭开了三星堆古墓之谜。A.cheered up欢呼；喝彩；B. burst on突然出现； C. threw light on使（问题等）较容易理解；阐明； D. benefited from从……获益。结合句意，这里指研究阐明了三星堆古墓的神秘。故选C。
6. I’m writing to express my gratitude for your ________ in solving the problem together with the colleagues.
A. rejection B. cooperation C. dilemma D. affection
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我写信是为了感谢你和同事们一起合作解决这个问题。A. rejection拒绝接受（相信）；B. cooperation合作，协作； C. dilemma（进退两难的）窘境，困境； D. affection喜爱。根据“together with the colleagues”，这里表示和同事一起合作解决问题。cooperation with sb. in doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“和某人在做某事上合作”。故选B。
7. I was ________ when Kenny wanted me to take care of his dog for a few days. I hate dogs.
A. brought under control B. set in motion
C. taken into account D. put on the spot
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：当肯尼要我照顾他的狗几天时，我很为难。我讨厌狗。A. brought under control把……控制起来；B. set in motion启动、使开始运作起来；C. taken into account考虑到；D. put on the spot使陷入困境。根据后面的I hate dogs.可知，应该是感到为难。故选D项。
8. Even though Mr. Zhang moved to the big city as an adult, he never forgot his________, so he built a school for his village.
A. characteristic B. resource C. sample D. root
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管张先生成年后搬到了大城市，但他从未忘记自己的根，所以他为他的村庄建了一所学校。A. characteristic特征；B. resource资源；C. sample样品；D. root根。根据前文“Even though Mr. Zhang moved to the big city as an adult”以及后文“so he built a school for his village.”可知，张先生成年后搬到了大城市，后来为他的村庄建了一所学校，所以是未忘记自己的根。故选D项。
9. Mary when she heard her idol Michael Jackson singing.
A. gave way B. carried on C. did the trick D. went wild
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当玛丽听到她的偶像迈克尔·杰克逊唱歌时，她欣喜若狂。A.gave way倒塌，向下垮；B.carried on继续进行或坚持下去；C.did the trick获得成功；D.went wild变得非常喧闹和兴奋。根据“when she heard her idol Michael Jackson singing(当她听到她的偶像迈克尔·杰克逊唱歌时)”可知，当玛丽听到她的偶像迈克尔·杰克逊唱歌时，她非常兴奋。故选D。
10. The winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature (文学) 2012, Mo Yan , said he did not have high ________ for winning. Actually, he thought he only had a small chance to win.
A. function B. satisfaction C. expectation D. necessity
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：2012年诺贝尔文学奖得主莫言表示，他对获奖没有很高的期望。事实上，他认为他获胜的机会很小。A. function 功能；B. satisfaction 满意；C. expectation 期待，期望；D. necessity 必要。根据句中的“Actually, he thought he only had a small chance to win.”可知，此处表达“对奖项的期待”。故选C。
11. Tony moved to a village so that nobody in his hometown could find him.
A. distant B. distinct C. vivid D. ethnic
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：托尼搬到了一个遥远的村庄，以至于他家乡的人都找不到他。A. distant遥远的；B. distinct明显的；C. vivid生动的；D. ethnic少数民族的。根据“nobody in his hometown could find him.”可知，此处为distant“遥远的”符合句意。故选A项。
12. When you look at their new system, ours seems very old-fashioned
A. in brief B. in conclusion C. in contrast D. in a row
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：看一看他们的新系统，就显得我们的系统陈旧过时了。A. in brief简要地；B. in conclusion总之；C. in contrast相比之下；D. in a row连续。根据“their new system”及“old-fashioned”可知，我们的系统与他们的新系统相比，显得陈旧过时。故选C项。
13. He felt _________ when ________ before his classmate’s.
A. embarrassing; making fun B. embarrassed; made fun of
C. embarrassing; to be made fun of D. embarrassed; being made fun
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词、固定短语和状语从句的省略。句意：当在同学面前被取笑时，他感到很尴尬。第一空：表示人的主观感受，应用形容词embarrassed“感到尴尬的”作表语；形容词embarrassing“令人尴尬的”修饰物；第二空：make fun of sb.“取笑某人”是固定短语，当when引导的时间状语从句的主语和主句主语一致，且有be时，可省略从句的主语和be，从句主语he和从句谓语动词短语make fun of之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，完整的从句为when he was made fun of before his classmate’s.，可省略he和was。综上，故选B。
14. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, ________, of course, made the others envy him.
A. as B. that C. what D. which
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：海伦对她最小的儿子比对其他的要好得多，这当然使其他的儿子羡慕他。of course是插入语，可省略，空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，主语是整个主句的内容，因此空格处用关系代词which，故选D。
15. We reached Quebec on the eighth day ________ most people speak French.
A. where B. which C. when D. what
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们在第八天达到了魁北克，那里大多数人说法语。分析可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词是Quebec，关系词代替它在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where。故选A。
16. ________ all his friends say, he is usually warm-hearted, loving and generous.
A. Which B. As C. What D. That
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如他所有的朋友所说，他通常热情、有爱心、慷慨。分析可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为主句内容，从句缺少宾语，且意为“正如”，应用关系代词as引导。故选B。
17. Jane, is often the case with children, was unwilling to see a doctor though she felt sick
A. which B. that C. it D. as
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：虽然简感到不舒服她也不愿意去看医生，孩子通常就是这样。分析句子可知，空格处需引导一个非限定性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，指代整个主句，从句位于主句前，故用as引导。as is often the case ...“这是常有的情况”。故选A。
18. A good advertisement people attach positive meanings, can contribute to the sales of a product.
A. which B. to which C. for which D. on which
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：一个好的广告，人们赋予它积极的意义，可以有助于产品的销售。分析句子可知，此处是“介词+关系词”引导的制性定语从句，先行词是advertisement，attach sth to sth表示“把……附在……上”，固定短语，故此处介词用to，关系词在从句中作介词to的宾语，应用介词to+关系代词which，故选B项。
19. It ______Mike and Mary who helped the old man several days ago.
A. was B. is C. are D. were
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查强调句。句意：几天前，是迈克和玛丽帮助了这个老人。It is/was+被强调部分+who/that...为强调句型，根据后面的动词helped可知是一般过去时，故选A。
20. Only when ________ in the afternoon ________ able to leave.
A. the match was over; they were B. the match was over; were they
C. was the match over; were they D. was the match over; they were
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查倒装句。句意：只有下午比赛结束，他们才能离开。分析句子结构可知，when引导的是一个时间状语从句，从句应用陈述句语序，即应用the match was over。“Only+状语从句”位于句首时，主句应用部分倒装结构，即将助动词、情态动词或be动词提到主语之前，所以这里主句中应把were提到they之前。故选B。
21. that the government will lead them out of the financial crisis, people are now to the development of economy,
A. Convincing; devoted B. Being convinced; devoting
C. Convincing; devoting D. Convinced; devoted
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和形容词。句意：相信政府会带领他们度过经济危机，人们现在致力于经济发展。A.Convincing相信; devoted献身，致力；B.Being convinced相信; devoting献身，致力；C.Convincing相信; devoting献身，致力；D.Convinced相信; devoted献身，致力。动词短语convince sb of sth让某人相信某事，非谓语动词convince与逻辑主语people构成被动关系，所以使用过去分词convinced在句中做状语，第一个设空处为Convinced；形容词短语be devoted to…“致力于……”第二个设空处为devoted。故D项正确。
22. I can’t stand ________ with Jane in the same office, as she just refuses ________ while she works.
A. working; talking B. to work; to talk
C. working; to talk D. to work; talking
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我无法忍受和简在同一间办公室工作，因为她在工作时拒绝说话。分析句子句中can't stand doing为固定短语，意为“无法忍受做某事”，使用动名词作宾语，故第一空用working；第二空中refuse to do sth.为固定短语，意为“拒绝做某事”，用to talk。故选C。
23. The machine needs , so the workers are required ready.
A. to repair; to get B. repairing; to get
C. To repair ; getting D. to be repaired; getting
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：机器需要被修理了，所以工人们需要做好准备。sth need doing相当于sth need to be done表示“某事需要被做”，require sb to do sth表示“要求某人做某事”，用动词不定式作宾补，变成被动后表示为sb be required to do sth，意为“某人被要求做某事”。故选B项。
24. _______ to English as possible as you can is regarded as the best way to learn English well.
A. Exposed B. Having exposed C. Being exposed D. Expose
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词作主语。句意：尽可能地接触英语是学号英语最好的方式。根据句子分析可知，此处作主语，“be exposed to”意为“暴露于……，接触……”，故应用其动名词形式作主语，应填being exposed，故选C。
25. ________ much about computer technology troubled him a lot.
A. He didn’t know B. Not his knowing
C. He not knowing D. His not knowing
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他对计算机技术了解不多，这让他很困扰。分析可知，此处应用动名词作主语，位于句首，动名词的逻辑主语应用形容词性物主代词表示；动名词的否定直接将否定词not置于动名词之前。故选D项。
26. In April, thousands of holiday-makers remained ________ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.
A. to stick B. stick C. stuck D. sticking
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：在4月，由于火山灰云，成千上万的度假者滞留在国外。分析句子结构可知，此空在系动词remain之后，所以选择非谓语动词形式，主语holiday-makers与stick之间为被动关系，且该动作已经发生，所以使用过去分词。故选C项。
27. The first thing I do every morning is_________exercise.
A. taking B. to take C. took D. to have taken
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我每天早上做的第一件事就是锻炼。分析句子，句中is为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处表示“去做某事”应使用不定式作表语。take exercise意为“锻炼”。故选B。
28. When we arrived, the dinner ________.
A. already began B. has already begun C. had already begun D. was just begun
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：当我们到达的时候，晚饭已经开始了。根据句意，“晚饭开始”发生在“我们到达”之前，从句中的arrived表示动作发生在过去，所以主句应用过去完成时，表示“过去的过去”。故选C。
29. —I’m sure Andrew will win first prize in the English-speaking contest.
—I think so. He _______ for it for months.
A. is preparing B. was preparing
C. had been preparing D. has been preparing
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查现在完成进行时。句意：——我相信安德鲁会在英语演讲比赛中获得一等奖。——我想是的。他已经为此准备好几个月了。A. is preparing正在准备；B. was preparing当时在准备；C. had been preparing一直在准备；D. has been preparing一直在准备。根据所给出的时间状语“for months”并结合前后文语境可知，应是现在完成进行时。故选D项。
30. —Did Jerry enjoy seeing his brother yesterday
—Yes, he did. He________ him for a long time.
A. didn’t see B. wouldn’t see C. hasn’t seen D. hadn’t seen
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：—Jerry昨天高兴见到他哥哥吗？—是的，他高兴。他很久没看见他了。根据yesterday和for a long time可知，说明是昨天之前很长时间没看见老朋友了，该动作属于“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时，故选D。
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Frequently Asked Questions about Assessment
Does it matter if my coursework is too long or too short
The word count for each piece of coursework should be provided on the title page. IOE allows a 10% margin(差额)on the word limit set for the coursework. For example, if the word limit is 5, 000 words, you can submit an assessment of between 4, 500 and 5, 500 words. Note that if your work exceeds (超出)the 10% margin, it will automatically fail.
When is the deadline for coursework assignments
Final deadlines for coursework submissions are normally 2 calendar moths after the end of term in which the module runs. Coursework deadlines will be published on your programme webpage at the start of the academic year. The deadline for reports is normally the first working day in September. Note that you MUST submit your coursework by the deadline and that failure to do so in automatic fail.
When will I receive the grade and feedback for my coursework
Your coursework and report are independently marked by two members of staff. Once the markers have agreed a grade, you will be informed of your results by the programme administrator. We aim to complete this process within 4 weeks of the submission deadline. Feedback and grades are not guaranteed within 4 weeks for extended, delayed, or resubmitted coursework. In special circumstances, you may apply for additional time to complete your coursework but must submit the evidence proving you are impacted by unforeseen factors. The time should be not later than two weeks before the original deadline.
If you are in any doubt about the assessment, please contact the programme administrator.
31. What results in an automatic fail
A. Exceeding the word limit.
B. Not providing the word count.
C. Missing the coursework deadline.
D. Not publishing the coursework.
32. What can you do if you have doubts about the feedback you received
A. Consult the programme administrator.
B. Submit evidence to support your case.
C. Revise your coursework based on the feedback.
D. Contact the markers who provided the feedback.
33. Where is this text probably taken from
A. A textbook. B. An exam paper.
C. An academic article. D. A programme handbook.
【答案】31. C 32. A 33. D
【解析】
【导语】本篇为应用文，介绍了一个研究课程关于成绩评估的常见问题。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第一段“Note that if your work exceeds the 10% margin, it will automatically fail.(请注意，如果您的字数超过10%的余量，它将自动失败)”以及第二段“Note that you MUST submit your coursework by the deadline and that failure to do so results in an automatic fail.(请注意，你必须在截止日期前提交课程作业，否则将自动不及格)”可知自动不及格的情况有两种，论文字数超出规定字数的10%和未在规定时间上传作业。A中只写到超过字数限制，而不是超过限制10%。故选C。
2.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“If you are in any doubt about the assessment, please contact the program me administrator.(如果您对评估有任何疑问，请联系项目管理员)”可知，如果对课程作业评估有质疑，可以联系该研究课程的管理员。故选A。
3.推理判断题。根据文章标题“Frequently Asked Questions about Assessment(有关评估核定常见问题)”并结合全文可知，这篇文章集中回答了一个研究课程关于成绩评估的三个常见问题，可见这篇文章主要在介绍与研究课程相关的基本信息，所以应该来自于某个研究课程的课程指南。故选D。
B
When Roy Austin went on his first wildlife trip back in 2018, his only goal for the leisurely vacation was to catch sight of some African wildlife in its natural habitat-but he ended up finding something much more meaningful. He was most captivated (迷住) by the people he met in rural Kenya-particularly at the Amboseli Primary and Secondary School in Amboseli National Park.
In addition to befriending many of the students and teachers, Austin was surprised to learn how difficult it was to get books and school supplies for the children. “In rural Kenya, the government does not build school buildings. You either build it yourself or raise money to have it built,” says Austin. “A teacher was asked if they had a library. She replied, ‘No, but we would love to have a library.’ That stuck in my mind.“
When Austin eventually returned to his home in Bluffton, South Carolina, he launched Libraries for Kids International. Since starting the charity, Austin has managed to ship more than 1,000 books to 11 schools across Kenya and Tanzania. He sends the books through the post office rather than FedEx to keep the shipping costs down.
As it continues to collect books and donations for additional shipments, Austin says that the charity is now helping to move a shipping container of 22,000 books from Atlanta to Kenya. In the future, he hopes to start sending donations to South America as well.
“Many people told me that it can’t be done. It’s too expensive to ship books, and they will disappear going through customs,” Austin says. “However, every worthwhile project will have problems and barriers. If you focus on the problems, you will never start. On the contrary, if you focus on the aim and solve the problems as they arise, most anything is possible.”
34. What problem does Austin find in rural Kenya
A. Education depends on charity.
B. Students lack education resources
C. Books get lost going through customs.
D. Families can’t afford the kids’ schooling.
35. What does Austin do for the people in rural Kenya
A. He teaches at school. B. He funds a library for them.
C He reduces the shipping costs. D. He ships books to schools.
36. Which of the following best describes Austin
A. A crazy adventurer B. A devoted educator.
C. An enthusiastic charitarian D. A popular book-seller.
37. What can we learn from Austin’s story
A. Well begun, half done.
B. Success belongs to the persevering.
C. Every bit of effort makes a big difference.
D. Nothing is difficult to a determined mind.
【答案】34. B 35. D 36. C 37. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是Roy Austin向非洲肯尼亚等地捐赠图书做慈善的故事。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In addition to befriending many of the students and teachers, Austin was surprised to learn how difficult it was to get books and school supplies for the children.(除了与许多学生和老师成为朋友外，奥斯汀还惊讶地发现，为孩子们买书和学习用品是多么困难。)”可知，在肯尼亚乡村为孩子们买书和学习用品很困难；由此可知，在肯尼亚乡村，孩子们缺少书籍和学习用品等教育资源。故选B项。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“When Austin eventually returned to his home in Bluffton, South Carolina, he launched Libraries for Kids International. Since starting the charity, Austin has managed to ship more than 1000 books to 11 schools across Kenya and Tanzania.(当Austin最终回到他在南卡罗来纳州布拉夫顿的家时，他成立了国际儿童图书馆。自从创办这家慈善机构以来，奥斯汀已经成功地向肯尼亚和坦桑尼亚的11所学校运送了1000多本书。)”可知，Austin成立了国际儿童图书馆机构，自创办该机构以来，向肯尼亚和坦桑尼亚的11所学校运送了1000多本书；由此可知，Austin给肯尼亚的乡村学校运送了书籍。故选D项。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Since starting the charity, Austin has managed to ship more than 1000 books to 11 schools across Kenya and Tanzania.(自从创办这家慈善机构以来，奥斯汀已经成功地向肯尼亚和坦桑尼亚的11所学校运送了1000多本书。)”可知，Austin向肯尼亚和坦桑尼亚的11所学校运送了1000本书，结合第四段中的“In the future, the philanthropist (慈善家) hopes to start sending donations to South America as well.(在未来，这位慈善家希望也开始向南美洲捐赠。)”可知，在未来，Austin希望开始向南美洲捐赠，由此可推断，Austin热衷于慈善事业，是一位慈善热衷者。故选C项。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“However, every worthwhile project will have problems and barriers. If you focus on the problems, you will never start. On the contrary, if you focus on the aim and solve the problems as they arise, most anything is possible.(然而，每一个有价值的项目都会遇到问题和障碍。如果你专注于问题，你永远不会开始。相反，如果你专注于目标，并在问题出现时解决问题，那么几乎任何事情都是可能的。)”可知，Austin认为每件有价值的项目都会遇到问题和困难，但是只要专注于目标，在问题出现时解决问题，那么几乎任何事情都是可能的，由此可知，在Austin的故事中我们学到的是：世上无难事，只怕有心人。故选D项。
C
The Roman Colosseum was built almost two thousand years ago. Despite its age and a 14th century earthquake that knocked down the south side, most of the 150-some foot building is still standing. Scientists and engineers have long suspected a key to the building’s durability (使用年限) is the use of a specific Roman concrete. But exactly how this solid concrete has contributed to the architecture’s strength has been a mystery to researchers across the globe.
A team of researchers recently discovered a potential answer to why these ancient Roman buildings have been able to weather the test of time while many modern concrete structures seem to fall apart after a few decades. The answer is self-healing concrete.
The material has three components: limestone (石灰石), volcanic material and water. What the researchers found was that the self-healing feature might be simply caused by chemistry accidentally. The limestone in the concrete is likely the secret.
When the ancient Romans made mortar (灰浆), they heated up the lime to turn it into a substance called “quicklime”. And, because they introduced water to the quicklime during mixing, the heat it produced set up a chemical foundation that could strengthen the concrete later. When tiny cracks start to form later, the quicklime stops them from becoming bigger. When it rains, the lime reacts with the water to recombine as various forms of calcium carbonate (碳酸钙), quickly filling the crack or reacting with the volcanic ash to “heal” the material.
For materials scientist Ainissa Ramirez, this new understanding of ancient Roman concrete is a welcome discovery. “This is one way that the material can be more environmentally friendly,” says Ramirez. “It’s sort of like a message in a bottle. The Romans made the material. We had to kind of figure out how they did it so that we can make better materials — and then, you know, in turn, be better protectors of our environment.”
38 What can we learn from Paragraph 1
A. The secret of Roman concrete has been revealed.
B. The Roman Colosseum was built in the 14th century.
C. The whole Roman Colosseum survived the earthquake.
D. Roman concrete is essential to the architecture’s strength.
39. What does the underlined word “weather” in Paragraph 2 mean
A. Take. B. Stand. C. Avoid. D. Fail.
40. What do we know about the self-healing process
A. The lime itself could fill the crack later.
B. The quicklime should be made on rainy days.
C. The chemical foundation could weaken the concrete.
D. Combining water and quicklime would produce heat.
41. What can be inferred from Ramirez’s words
A. People can be inspired to make greener materials.
B. The secret of Roman concrete is hidden in a bottle.
C. Roman concrete has greatly improved the environment.
D. Roman concrete is popular in making modern architecture.
【答案】38. D 39. B 40. D 41. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家一直很好奇古罗马的混凝土结构为何可以很好地提高建筑强度，最近研究人员发现了一个可能的答案：这种混凝土具有自我修复的功能。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“But exactly how this solid concrete has contributed to the architecture’s strength has been a mystery to researchers across the globe.(但对于全球的研究人员来说，这种固体混凝土究竟是如何提高建筑强度的，一直是个谜)”可知，古罗马混凝土对建筑的强度至关重要。故选D项。
【39题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中“A team of researchers recently discovered a potential answer to why these ancient Roman buildings have been able to weather the test of time while many modern concrete structures seem to fall apart after a few decades.(一个团队的研究人员最近发现了一个可能的答案，为什么这些古罗马建筑能够weather时间的考验，而许多现代混凝土结构似乎在几十年后就会分崩离析)”可知，古罗马建筑和很快就会分崩离析的许多现代混凝土结构不同。由此推知，古罗马建筑可以很久不崩塌，经得住时间的考验。因此，划线词weather意为“经受住”，与stand意思一致。故选B项。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“And, because they introduced water to the quicklime during mixing, the heat it produced set up a chemical foundation that could strengthen the concrete later.(而且，由于他们在搅拌过程中向生石灰中引入了水，它产生的热量建立了一种化学基础，可以在以后加强混凝土)”可知，混合水和生石灰会产生热量。故选D项。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中Ramirez的话“The Romans made the material. We had to kind of figure out how they did it so that we can make better materials — and then, you know, in turn, be better protectors of our environment.(罗马人制造了这种材料。我们必须弄清楚他们是如何做到的，这样我们才能制造出更好的材料，然后，你知道，反过来，更好地保护我们的环境)”可推知，我们可以从罗马人制作的这种混凝土材料中汲取灵感，去制作对环境友好的材料。故选A项。
D
With nearly a quarter of global greenhouse gas coming from all types of transportation, can we keep ourselves off gas-powered vehicles to avoid the worst effects As more governments push for urgent action on climate change, quite a few companies are betting their future – that millions of consumers are finally ready for electricity-powered vehicles. Modern battery-powered cars are selling fast and zero- emission ( 排放) planes are coming. These changes, both leading to a more sustainable future, are reinventing how we get from here to there.
Cars and trucks are undergoing their greatest improvement since the automobile’s (汽车) existence more than a century ago. Almost overnight, the era of the electric car has arrived. Electricity has the advantage that it works without smell and with less noise. Global annual sales of electric vehicles are expected to soar from just over 3 million today to 14 million by 2025. Just a month after Ford unveiled an electric version of the popular F-150, customers had reserved more than 100,000 of them. The price is about $10,000 above the gas-powered one, but Ford says the electric model will cost much less to maintain. Everything creating a green revolution on the ground is of limited help in the sky for the time being.
High-storage batteries are useless at present when it comes to the technological challenge of launching a few hundred people into the sky and carrying them thousands of miles. No battery yet invented can power, say, a Boeing 747 from New York to London. Promising improvements, however, do add up. Developments with zero-emission, battery-powered electric engines are already happening in commercial flight, involving trips of limited duration and distance. Airlines specializing in short journeys with small planes will lead the way to electric flight.
Our planet’s health depends on zeroing out carbon dioxide emissions by 2050, and yet, by the timetable needed to address the climate challenge, the shift away from gas-powered vehicles remains far too slow. Nevertheless, the train has left the station. Someday, electric-powered transportation will be as common as air.
42. Why are many companies switching to electricity-powered vehicles
A. To reinvent the way we travel.
B. To cut the costs of car production.
C. To improve the quality of products.
D. To pursue sustainable development.
43. What do we know about the electric car
A. It came into use a century ago.
B. It enjoys increasing popularity.
C. It sells better than the traditional one.
D. It costs less than the gas-powered one.
44. What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 3
A. To show the disadvantages of battery power.
B. To emphasize the significance of short flights.
C. To stress the future prospects of electric planes.
D. To state the developments of commercial flight.
45. What does the author mean by saying “the train has left the station”
A. Train transportation has improved.
B. Green transportation is on its way.
C. The electric train is running regularly.
D. The gas-powered train has become the past.
【答案】42. D 43. B 44. C 45. B
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了电动汽车应用的益处与仍然存在的不足，同时说明了电力运输的未来前景。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段关键句“As more governments push for urgent action on climate change, quite a few companies are betting their future – that millions of consumers are finally ready for electricity-powered vehicles. Modern battery-powered cars are selling fast and zero- emission planes are coming. These changes, both leading to a more sustainable future, are reinventing how we get from here to there.”（随着越来越多的政府推动对气候变化采取紧急行动，相当多的公司押注他们的未来——数百万消费者终于准备好使用电动汽车了。现代电池驱动的汽车卖得很快，零排放的飞机也即将问世。这些变化，既导致了一个更可持续的未来，也在重塑我们从这里到那里的方式。）可知，许多公司转向开发并销售电动汽车是为了追求可持续发展。故选D项。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段关键句“Almost overnight, the era of the electric car has arrived.”（几乎一夜之间，电动汽车的时代已经到来。）及“Global annual sales of electric vehicles are expected to soar from just over 3 million today to 14 million by 2025. Just a month after Ford unveiled an electric version of the popular F-150, customers had reserved more than 100,000 of them.”（预计到2025年，全球电动汽车的年销量将从目前的300多万辆飙升至1400万辆。在福特推出受欢迎的F-150电动版仅一个月后，客户就预订了超过10万辆。）可知，电动汽车越来越受欢迎。故选B项。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段关键句“High-storage batteries are useless at present when it comes to the technological challenge of launching a few hundred people into the sky and carrying them thousands of miles.”（目前，高容量电池在将数百人发射到天空并携带他们飞行数千英里的技术挑战方面毫无用处。）及“Promising improvements, however, do add up.”（然而，有希望的改进确实增加了。）及全段内容可知，本段作者强调电动飞机的未来前景。故选C项。
【45题详解】
句意猜测题。根据文章最后一段关键句“Our planet’s health depends on zeroing out carbon dioxide emissions by 2050, and yet, by the timetable needed to address the climate challenge, the shift away from gas-powered vehicles remains far too slow.”（我们星球的健康取决于到2050年消除二氧化碳排放，然而，按照应对气候挑战所需的时间表，从汽油驱动的汽车转向天然气驱动的速度仍然太慢。）及“Nevertheless, the train has left the station. Someday, electric-powered transportation will be as common as air.”（然而，火车已经离开了车站。总有一天，电力运输会像空气一样普及。）可知，作者说“火车已经离开了车站”是为了表明电力运输的使用已经起航，绿色交通正在发展中。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项
ChatGPT, developed by Open AI, an AI company, is a chatbot known for its ability to quickly and clearly answer questions and provide detailed information in a conversational way. ____46____ Now people are starting to use it as a therapist (治疗师) in mental health care.
Compared with human therapist, ChatGPT has many advantages. For patients, human therapists might judge them or treat them differently while an AI therapist won’t. Besides, a human therapist can only speak to one person at a time and the average therapy fees are high. ____47____ It provides a timely response to help patients move forward with their problems.
____48____ As it isn’t designed to be a therapist, there are risks in getting suggestions from an AI robot who didn’t go to medical school. What’s more, the face-to-face communication is a huge part of what makes therapy effective. AI-based therapists can’t notice facial expressions, nor are they able to provide the same level of emotional support as a human can. ____49____ After you share information with an AI therapist, where does it go Could it be stored in public databases, and then be used or shared by others
It’s still early days for AI related to mental health. In the future, it is likely that AI-based tools will be able to provide more personalized suggestions for individuals suffering from various mental health problems. But even if technology gets there, AI should only play a supporting role. ____50____
A. Privacy issues are another concern.
B. But ChatGPT is available anytime and anywhere, for free.
C. It can not be a replacement for talking to a human professional.
D. At the same time, there are disadvantages in ChatGPT’s stability.
E. Thirdly, human therapists can tell a patient’s psychological state better.
F. It has gained massive popularity and widespread usage since its launch.
G. However, some experts warn that Al therapists may have some limitations.
【答案】46. F 47. B 48. G 49. A 50. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是ChatGPT作为心理健康治疗师的优点以及存在的问题。
【46题详解】
根据空前的“ChatGPT, developed by Open AI, an AI company, is a chatbot known for its ability to quickly and clearly answer questions and provide detailed information in a conversational way.(ChatGPT是由人工智能公司Open AI开发的聊天机器人，以其快速清晰地回答问题并以对话方式提供详细信息的能力而闻名)”可知，此处简要介绍ChatGPT的基本情况，根据空后的“Now people are starting to use it as a therapist(治疗师)in mental health care.(现在人们开始用它作为心理健康护理的治疗师)”可知，此处开始介绍ChatGPT当作心理健康治疗师。由此可知，此空应引出本文讲述的话题，F选项“It has gained massive popularity and widespread usage since its launch.(自发布以来，它获得了巨大的人气和广泛的使用)”承接上文，介绍ChatGPT自发布以来很受欢迎，widespread usage引出空后的“作为心理健康治疗师”。故选F项。
【47题详解】
根据空前的“Besides, a human therapist can only speak to one person at a time and the average therapy fees are high.(此外，一个人类治疗师一次只能和一个人说话，而且平均治疗费用很高)”可知，人类心理治疗师每次只能一对一进行治疗，且费用很高。根据空后的“It provides a timely response to help patients move forward with their problems.(它提供了一个及时的反应，帮助病人解决他们的问题)”可知，ChatGPT可以提供及时的回应，B选项“But ChatGPT is available anytime and anywhere, for free.(但是ChatGPT可以随时随地免费使用)”中的But为解题关键词，ChatGPT可以随时随地免费使用，与空前内容为转折关系，且与空后内容吻合。故选B项。
【48题详解】
分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的主题句，根据空后的“As it isn’t designed to be a therapist, there are risks in getting suggestions from an AI robot who didn’t go to medical school.(因为它不是为治疗师设计的，所以从一个没有上过医学院的人工智能机器人那里得到建议是有风险的)”可知，把ChatGPT作为心理治疗室，听取其建议是有风险的，所以该段讲述的是ChatGPT作为治疗师存在的问题，G选项“However, some experts warn that Al therapists may have some limitations.(然而，一些专家警告说，人工智能治疗师可能有一些局限性)”中的However可知，此处与上文的内容为转折关系，引出本文的主题，AI心理治疗师存在局限性，与空后内容吻合，且概括了本段的主题。故选G选项。
【49题详解】
结合上题的分析可知，本段讲述的是ChatGPT作为心理治疗师存在的局限性，根据空后的“After you share information with an AI therapist, where does it go Could it be stored in public databases, and then be used or shared by others (在你与人工智能治疗师分享信息后，信息去了哪里？它是否可以存储在公共数据库中，然后被其他人使用或共享？)”可知，与AI治疗师分享的信息会被存在公共数据库中，这意味着个人的信息可能被他人使用和分享，A选项“Privacy issues are another concern.(隐私问题是另一个令人担忧的问题)”讲述的内容与空后的内容吻合，且符合本段的主题。故选A项。
【50题详解】
分析语篇可知，此空处是对本段的概括总结，根据空前的“But even if technology gets there, AI should only play a supporting role.(但即使技术实现了这一目标，人工智能也只能扮演辅助角色)”可知，AI只能充当一个辅助的角色，C选项“It can not be a replacement for talking to a human professional.(它不能代替与人类专业人士交谈)”讲述的是ChatGPT不会取代专业人士的交谈，与空前内容吻合，且对ChatGPT的功能做出明确的定位，符合题意。故选C项。
第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题:每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
This year, hundreds of people around the world are applying for a desired job to run Port Lockroy, the world’s most remote post office. The____51____is in Antarctica, and one of the key____52____is the ability to count penguins (企鹅).
Each year, the UK Antarctic Heritage Trust____53____four postmen to live on the island from November to March. Apart from being a nearly 80-year-old British-owned post office, it____54____as a museum. Although employees each have unique____55____, they are cooperatively responsible for preserving the____56____place and caring for the thousands of tourists. The staff is also____57____environmental data collection and wildlife monitoring.
Applicants are warned there’s not much time for relaxation and rest. Still, the job is highly____58____.The UK Antarctic Heritage Trust gets hundreds of applications____59____for the position. They are mainly_____60_____to Port Lockroy, both for its history and its scientific significance. Lucy Dorman succeeded in applying for the 2019-2020 season. It was a real_____61_____for her. “Even though the job can be hard at times, there’s a real sense of community. You’ve got to_____62_____because you can’t get away from each other very easily. I really love that sort of _____63_____,” she said. “And what you can achieve here is_____64_____.The total experience offers both a different _____65_____ towards the world and a new viewpoint on your function on the planet.”
51. A. centre B. position C. aim D. unit
52. A. requirements B. characteristics C. virtues D. activities
53. A. persuades B. instructs C. encourages D. hires
54. A. considers B. transforms C. doubles D. changes
55. A. tastes B. talents C. roles D. backgrounds
56. A. temporary B. historic C. grand D. magical
57. A. in favor of B. in memory of C. in possession of D. in charge of
58. A. well-paid B. sought-after C. hard-won D. broken-down
59. A. annually B. weekly C. monthly D. daily
60. A. invited B. devoted C. linked D. drawn
61. A. joy B. lesson C. effort D. shock
62. A. get along B. show off C. break through D. give in
63. A. loneliness B. eagerness C. looseness D. Togetherness
64. A. consistent B. rewarding C. invisible D. controversial
65. A. entrance B. answer C. attitude D. introduction
【答案】51. B 52. A 53. D 54. C 55. C 56. B 57. D 58. B 59. A 60. D 61. A 62. A 63. D 64. B 65. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了位于南极洲的洛克雷港邮局的招聘吸引了很多人，在那里员工不仅要收集环境数据和监测野生动物，还要负责数金鹅。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：该职位在南极洲，其中一个关键要求是能够数企鹅。A. centre中心；B. position职位；C. aim目标；D. unit单位。根据前文“This year, hundreds of people around the world are applying for a desired job to run Port Lockroy, the world’s most remote post office.”可知，今年，世界各地有数百人正在申请一份理想的工作，以经营世界上最偏远的邮局洛克罗伊港。此处表示该职位在南极洲。故选B项。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：该职位在南极洲，其中一个关键要求是能够数企鹅。A. requirements要求；B. characteristics特征；C. virtues美德；D. activities活动。根据前文“a desired job”及后文“is the ability to count penguins”可知，此处表示该工作的一个关键的要求是能够数企鹅。故选A项。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每年，英国南极遗产信托基金都会雇用四名邮递员从11月到3月住在岛上。A. persuades说服；B. instructs指示；C. encourages鼓励；D. hires雇用。根据上文“applying for a desired job”和下文“employees”可知，此处表示聘用四名邮递员。故选D项。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了是一家拥有近80年历史的英国邮局外，它还兼作博物馆。A. considers考虑；B. transforms转移；C. doubles双倍；D. changes改变。根据前文“post office”及后文“as a museum”可知，此处表示该邮局兼作博物馆。double as表示“兼作”。故选C项。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然每个员工都有独特的角色，但他们合作负责保护历史名胜和照顾成千上万的游客。A. tastes品味；B. talents人才；C. roles职能，角色；D. backgrounds背景。根据下文“they are cooperatively responsible for preserving the ____6____ place and caring for the thousands of tourists.”可知，此处表示员工各司其职。故选C项。
【56题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然每个员工都有独特的角色，但他们合作负责保护历史名胜和照顾成千上万的游客。A. temporary暂时的；B. historic历史的；C. grand大的；D. magical魔法的。根据上文“a nearly 80-year-old British-owned”和前文“preserving”可知，空处表示有历史意义的地方。故选B项。
【57题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：工作人员还负责环境数据收集和野生动物监测。A. in favor of赞成；B. in memory of纪念；C. in possession of占有；D. in charge of负责。根据前文的“also”及后文“environmental data collection and wildlife monitoring”可知，工作人员还需要负责环境数据收集和野生动物监测。故选D项。
【58题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，它仍然还是很抢手。A. well-paid高薪的；B. sought-after抢手的；C. hard-won来之不易的；D. broken-down故障的。根据后文“Still, the job is highly”及“gets hundreds of applications”可知，这份工作很抢手。故选B项。
【59题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：英国南极遗产信托基金每年收到数百份该职位的申请。A. annually每年；B. weekly每周；C. monthly每月；D. daily每天。根据前文中的“This year, hundreds of people-desired job”和后文中的“the 2019-2020 season”可知，此处表示英国南极遗产信托基金每年都会收到大量申请该职位的信。故选A项。
【60题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们主要被洛克罗伊港吸引，因为它的历史和科学意义。A. invited邀请；B. devoted投入；C. linked联系；D. drawn吸引。根据后文“both for its history and its scientific significance”可知，求职者们是被它的历史和科学意义吸引。故选D项。
【61题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对她来说是一种真正的快乐。A. joy快乐；B. lesson教训；C. effort努力；D. shock震惊。根据前文“Lucy Dorman succeeded in applying”及后文“I really love”可知，获得这个职位很让她快乐。故选A项。
【62题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：你得与人和睦相处，因为你们不能轻易地离开对方。A. get along相处；B. show off炫耀；C. break through突破；D. give in屈服。根据前文“a real sense of community”和后文“you can’t get away from each other very easily.”可知，此处表示你得与人和睦相处。故选A项。
【63题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我真的很喜欢那种团结”，她说。A. loneliness孤独；B. eagerness渴望；C. looseness松弛；D. togetherness和睦相处。据前文“a real sense of community”和后文中的“you can’t get away from each other very easily.”可知，此处表示Lucy Dorman喜欢那种和睦相处的氛围。故选D项。
【64题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你在这里能取得的成就是有益的。A. consistent持续的；B. rewarding有益的；C. invisible看不见的；D. controversial有争议的。根据前文“what you can achieve here”和后文“offers both a different ____15____towards the world and a new viewpoint on your function on the planet”可知，在这里获得的东西很有益。故选B项。
【65题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：整体体验既提供了对世界的不同看法，也提供了对你在地球上的功能的新观点。A. entrance入口；B. answer回答；C. attitude看法；D. introduction介绍。根据前文“offers both a different”及后文“towards the world”可知，在这里的体验能够产生对世界的不同看法。故选C项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The World Health Organization (WHO) has announced a shocking finding about the air we breathe. It has found that almost everyone on Earth breathes unhealthy air. The WHO made ___66___(it) air quality update ahead of World Health Day on April 7. The update reported that 99 per cent of the world’s population breathes air ___67___ goes beyond WHO air quality limits. It looked at data from over 6,000 cities in 117 countries. People ___68___(live) in lower- and middle-income countries breathe the poorest-quality air. Millions of people die in these countries because of pollution-related diseases. The WHO said: “After surviving a pandemic, it is unacceptable to still have 7 million preventable deaths due ___69___ air pollution.”
The WHO said its report highlighted the need to move away from fossil fuels. It asked governments to do more ___70___ (reduce) levels of air pollution. It said: “Current energy concerns highlight the importance of speeding up the transition to cleaner and ___71___(healthy) energy systems.” It added that high gas prices, energy ___72___(secure), the dangers of air pollution, and climate change mean the world must be less dependent on fossil fuels. The WHO report ___73___(include) many recommendations for change. One of these is ___74___ use of clean energy for cooking, heating and lighting. Another is to “build safe and affordable public transport systems and pedestrian- and cycle-friendly ___75___(network)”.
【答案】66. its
67. that##which
68. living 69. to
70. to reduce
71. healthier##more healthy
72. security
73. included
74 the works
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。世界卫生组织表示地球上几乎每个人都呼吸着不健康的空气，并且该组织还提出了一些能有效缓解空气污染的方法。
【66题详解】
考查代词。句意：世界卫生组织在4月7日世界卫生日之前更新了空气质量。分析句子结构可知，空处应使用形容词性物主代词its，在句中作定语修饰air quality。故填its。
【67题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：最新报告称，世界上99%的人口呼吸的空气超出了世卫组织的空气质量限制。分析句子结构可知，该句为限定性定语从句，先行词是air，指物，且从句中缺少主语成分，因此可使用关系代词that/which引导。故填that或which。
【68题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：生活在低收入和中等收入国家的人们呼吸着质量最差的空气。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语breathe，空处需使用非谓语动词，且主语people与live之间是逻辑上的主动关系，因此需使用现在分词，作定语，表示主动。故填living。
【69题详解】
考查介词。句意：世界卫生组织表示:“在经历了一场大流行之后，仍然有700万人死于空气污染，这是不可接受的。”分析句子结构可知，此处是固定短语due to，意为“由于；因为”，to是介词。故填to。
【70题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它要求各国政府采取更多措施降低空气污染水平。分析句子结构可知，此处表示目的，空处可使用不定式，在句中作目的状语。故填to reduce。
【71题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：报告称:“当前的能源担忧凸显了加快向更清洁、更健康的能源系统过渡的重要性。”分析句子结构可知，and前后连接的词应在词性、比较级等方面保持一致，且此处表示“更健康的”，因此需使用其比较级形式，healthy的比较级为healthier或more healthy。故填healthier或more healthy。
【72题详解】
考查名词。句意：报告补充说，高昂的天然气价格、能源安全、空气污染的危险以及气候变化意味着世界必须减少对化石燃料的依赖。分析句子结构可知，空处与high gas prices和the dangers of air pollution为并列关系，因此空处需使用其名词形式，security“安全”是不可数名词。故填security。
【73题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：世卫组织的报告包括许多改革建议。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中需作谓语，主语The WHO与include之间是逻辑上的主动关系，且全文使用了一般过去时，为保证时态一致性，空处也应使用一般过去时。故填included。
【74题详解】
考查定冠词。句意：其中之一是使用清洁能源做饭、取暖和照明。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定短语the use of，意为“使用……”。故填the。
【75题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：另一个目标是“建立安全、负担得起的公共交通系统，以及行人和自行车友好型交通网络”。分析句子结构可知，此处“行人和自行车友好型交通网络”表示复数的概念，因此需使用其复数形式。故填networks。
第四部分写作(满分25分)
76. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
I had a very peaceful childhood and I mostly ignored the fact that my elder sister was different. She got “Asperger Syndrome” (社交困难症). It turned my parents’ world upside down - but they never let it affect me. My parents worked very hard at ensuring that everything seemed pleasant and quiet for me.
It was only at the age of ten that I started to notice the differences and became aware of my social life and self-image that I had carefully built up. My sister on the other hand, was socially awkward. She could not look at people in the eye. She would whisper to herself and repeat the words she had just said. However, she was academically capable, so we attended the same primary school. Despite this, I never admitted in public that she was my sister.
However, there was one incident that changed how I viewed my sister and changed me.
Being in primary six, about to graduate, my sister and her classmates had to put on a performance, whether in a group, or on their own. Because she failed to join others, she was the only one left without a group. The school had made it a must for everyone to perform, so my sister had to do it by herself. “I’ll sing,” my sister told my parents, somewhat confidently.
Hearing that, I was completely shocked. How could my sister who was socially awkward, sing in front of the school I knew so very well that if I allowed this to happen, she would embarrass me. “No!” I protested. My parents shot me a look and I knew my sister was going to perform anyway, and I was going to be part of the audience watching her. Silently, I wished that something would happen and I would not have to watch my sister lose face.
注意：1. 续写次数应为130左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
On the day of performace, I sat in the hall.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I felt relaxed and appreciated it with excitement.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】On the day of performance, I sat in the hall. I felt very nervous inside. Because if my sister behaved badly, I would feel embarrassed in front of everyone. When she began to perform, I stared at the stage until my sister finished her performance. To my surprise, after the performance, the audience gave my sister warm applause, which means that everyone recognized my sister’s performance.
I felt relaxed and appreciated it with excitement. When my sister came to me, I hugged her tightly and told her that she had done well and that she had made it. It was only then that I realized that even though my sister had Asperger’s syndrome, it couldn’t stop her from being a wonderful girl. My sister is unique, and she can also give a great performance.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的妹妹患有社交困难症，但不得不在众人面前进行公开表演。作者担心妹妹演出失败而让自己颜面扫尽，一直对此忐忑不安。但演出当天，妹妹表现出色，赢得了观众的认可，同时也改变了我对妹妹的看法，我学会了认可并欣赏妹妹的故事。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段句首内容“演出当天，我坐在演出大厅”可知，第一段描述作者作为观众观看妹妹演出，内心忐忑不安的观看表演。妹妹表现出色，并赢得了台下观众的认可。
②由第二段句首内容“我兴奋不已，而又如释重负，很喜欢妹妹的表演”可知第二段描写妹妹的演出很成功，她的表现也改变了我对她的看法——妹妹是独一无二的，也能带给大家出色的表演。
2. 续写线索：观看表演——感到紧张——演出成功——拥抱妹妹——改变态度——认可妹妹
3. 词汇激活
行为类：
①开始表演：begin to perform/start one’s performance
②拥抱某人：hug sb./ give sb. a hug
情绪类：
①感到尴尬：feel embarrassed/ feel awkward
②出色的：wonderful/ fabulous
【点睛】【高分句型1】When she began to perform, I stared at the stage until my sister finished her performance.（运用了when引导时间状语从句）
【高分句型2】To my surprise, after the performance, the audience gave my sister warm applause, which means that everyone recognized my sister's performance.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句）
