课时作业(十二) Unit 4 Section Ⅲ Extended reading & Project & Assessment
阅读理解
A
The Terracotta Army is one of the must visit attractions for all travellers to China.The attraction is located in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province.
What's special
The Terracotta Army is the buried army of Qin Shi Huang，an ancient Chinese emperor.These ancient sculptures were built and buried over two thousand years ago near the city of Xi'an.They were discovered in 1974 by farmers digging a well to look for underground water.Over eight thousand terracotta warriors and horses have been uncovered since then. Each warrior is made of clay.They are around two meters tall.The sculptures are so detailed that it is possible to guess the age，rank and personality of each one.None of the warriors are the same.
The best time to visit
The Terracotta Army is an indoor attraction, which is not likely to be affected by weather，so it can be visited all year round.
As the museum is one of the must visit attractions in China，it is crowded most of the time.We advise our customers to avoid the following periods when the museum is particularly crowded：
·National Day holidays (October 1～7)，when it is fully packed.
·Labour Day holidays
Weather in winter is dry，cold and the least comfortable, and it's also the worst season for air quality, but it's also low season.
Travel style：private，group or independent
A private tour means a lot of flexibility (灵活性), and you will be well taken care of by a private guide and a driver.The museum is crowded most of the time, but our guides know how to escape the crowd, and help you to enjoy more in the museum.See our 3 Day Terracotta Warriors Private Tour.
Going with a group you won't get lost，but it lacks flexibility and personal service.
Travelling on your own, you may meet a lot of trouble, such as wasting time in finding a taxi or public bus to the attraction, lining up for tickets, reading maps，making sense of Chinese signs, etc.
1．What can we know about the Terracotta Army from the first two paragraphs
A．It is discovered by workers.
B．The soldiers are made of clay.
C．The soldiers are of the same age.
D．It is located in the center of Xi'an.
2．Which is the best time to avoid the crowd
A．Summer holidays. B．National Day holidays.
C．Labour Day holidays. D．Clear winter days.
3．If you want to travel with the least trouble，which should you choose
A．A private tour. B．A tour group.
C．Travelling on your own. D．A family tour.
B
Hey Jude is the Beatles song most likely to be sung by a choir of thousands. Any good song needs to be singable, but Hey Jude goes further: It's flexible. Into the gap after “Nahh, ha, na, nahh na na, nahhh” , you can put in almost any pair of syllables (音节)．
It's a very popular song. This month, Hey Jude was the No. 1 Beatles song on Apple Music; On a music website, it was No. 4. So, of all the countless classics the Beatles recorded, Hey Jude is one of the four that younger music lovers most want to hear. What is its secret
Written by McCartney, Hey Jude bears his style. As McCartney's melodies go, it's direct, running straight into its title, just like She Loves You. The tune and the idea of the lyrics came to McCartney in 1968, when he was driving from London to Surrey to see Julian Lennon after his father John Lennon had left him for Yoko Ono, a Japanese singer and songwriter. Hey Jude began as Hey Julian, like an arm around the shoulder of the five year old boy, Julian Lennon.
By then, John and McCartney were writing separately, but still acting as each other's close partner. After working on Hey Jude some more, McCartney invited John to his house and played it to him. There was one line, “The movement you need is on your shoulder.” McCartney thought “it's not that good”， but John believed “that's the best line in it”．
This exchange, recounted by McCartney in 1994, had two results, beyond preserving the line. “You love it twice as much，” he said. It would forever remind him of John: It's an emotional point in the song.
4．What do we know about Hey Jude
A．It was a gift for Yoko Ono.
B．It is named after McCartney's son.
C．It is a very popular song of the Beatles.
D．It was completed all by McCartney.
5．Why did McCartney write Hey Jude
A．To comfort Julian.
B．To make a fortune.
C．To help John Lennon.
D．To make himself more popular.
6．Which of the following words can best describe McCartney
A．Capable but selfish.
B．Ordinary but hard working.
C．Creative and warm hearted.
D．Humorous and outgoing.
7．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．A romantic story between lovers
B．A tough decision made by a father and his son
C．Hey Jude, the most valuable gift from the Beatles
D．How was Hey Jude created by McCartney
C
After years of observing human nature, I have decided that two qualities make the difference between men of great achievement and men of average performance: curiosity and discontent. I have never known an outstanding man who lacked either. And I have never known an average man who had both. The two belong together.
Together, these deep human urges (驱策力) count for much more than ambition. Galileo was not merely ambitious when he dropped objects of varying weights from the Leaning Tower at Pisa and timed their fall to the ground. Like Galileo, all the great names in history were curious and asked in discontent, “Why Why Why ”
Fortunately, curiosity and discontent don't have to be learned. We are born with them and need only recapture them.
“The great man，”said Mencius (孟子), “is he who does not lose his child's heart.” Yet most of us do lose it. We stop asking questions. We stop challenging custom. We just follow the crowd. And the crowd desires only the calm and restful average. It encourages us to occupy our own little corner, to avoid foolish leaps into the dark, to be satisfied.
Most of us meet new people, and new ideas, with hesitation. But once having met and liked them, we think how terrible it would have been, had we missed the chance. We will probably have to force ourselves to waken our curiosity and discontent and keep them awake.
How should you start Modestly, so as not to become discouraged. I think of one friend who couldn't arrange flowers to satisfy herself. She was curious about how the experts did it. Now she is one of the experts, writing books on flower arrangement.
One way to begin is to answer your own excuses. You haven't any special ability Most people don't; there are only a few geniuses. You haven't any time That's good, because it's always the people with no time who get things done. Harriet Stowe, mother of six, wrote parts of Uncle Tom's Cabin while cooking. You're too old Remember that Thomas Costain was 57 when he published his first novel, and that Grandma Moses showed her first pictures when she was 78.
However you start, remember there is no better time to start than right now, for you'll never be more alive than you are at this moment.
8．In writing Paragraph 1, the author aims to ________．
A．propose a definition B．make a comparison
C．reach a conclusion D．present an argument
9．What does the example of Galileo tell us
A．Trial and error leads to the finding of truth.
B．Scientists tend to be curious and ambitious.
C．Creativity results from challenging authority.
D．Greatness comes from a lasting desire to explore.
10．What can you do to recapture curiosity and discontent
A.Observe the unknown around you.
B．Develop a questioning mind.
C．Lead a life of adventure.
D．Follow the fashion.
11．What can we learn from Paragraphs 6 and 7
A．Gaining success helps you become an expert.
B．The genius tends to get things done creatively.
C．Lack of talent and time is no reason for taking no action.
D．You should remain modest when approaching perfection.
12．What could be the best title for the passage
A．Curious Minds Never Feel Contented
B．Reflections on Human Nature
C．The Keys to Achievement
D．Never Too Late to Learn课时作业(九) Unit 3 Section Ⅲ Extended reading & Project & Assessment
阅读理解
A
Even though a lot of art galleries and museums are free in the UK, many people seldom visit them for fear that they couldn't understand the art on display. They are afraid that other visitors may be more knowledgeable and that everyone else there understands what the artworks mean except themselves. But this is simply not true. Everyone is equal in front of an artwork and there are no wrong answers.
Modern art can be particularly difficult to understand and appreciate, but enjoying an artwork is a natural gift. Do you like it or not Do you want to find out more or not It is really that simple.
A well respected art historian, Ernst Gombrich believes that a viewer completes the artwork, and that part of an artwork's meaning comes from the person viewing it. So, you see, even if you don't have a degree in art history, there are really no wrong answers when you are appreciating the artwork.
But there are things you can do to understand and appreciate art a little bit more. When I look at an artwork, I do a visual analysis. I look at the formal elements—color, texture and size. While viewing a painting, I look at the color; I look at the brushstrokes (画笔的一笔); I look at what is being described. If you're looking at an artwork in a gallery, read the wall text at the side of it. If the staff are present, ask questions. Ask your fellow visitors what they think. Asking questions is the key to understanding more. But above all, have confidence in front of an artwork. If you are appreciating an artwork, then you are the intended viewer and it is what you think that matters. You are the only critic that counts.
1．According to the text, why do many people in the UK seldom visit museums
A．They aren't interested in artworks.
B．They aren't confident in front of artworks.
C．Many art museums in the UK charge for admission.
D．Many art museums in the UK are crowded with foreign visitors.
2．What is Ernst Gombrich's opinion about artworks
A．Their meanings vary from person to person.
B．People need an analysis of color, texture and size to appreciate them.
C．Asking questions is the key to understanding them.
D．Knowledge about art history can help people appreciate them.
3．What can be the best title for the text
A．The Road to Modern Art
B．The Power of Artworks
C．Be Confident While Appreciating Art
D．How to Open an Art Gallery
4．Where is this text most likely from
A．A diary. B．An art magazine.
C．A novel. D．A science report.
B
Confident, smart and high tech, they're followers of pop culture and know what social networking is all about. They're tweens, children between the ages of 10 and 12. These young people are no longer little kids but they are not yet teenagers, because tweens are in a state of transition (转变)．
The tween years are hard for children. From a social point of view, tweens are dealing with quite a lot. They have to face changing relationships, middle school and a whole lot of pressure (压力) to succeed and fit in. They may become angry over seemingly small things. A bad test grade, an argument with a friend, a bad day on the ball field, or a request to clean a bedroom might set__them__off．
Elizabeth Hartley Brewer, a parenting expert in London and author of Talking to Tweens, says, “The tween years are when young people begin to realize the wider world and to see themselves as the ones separate from their families.”
Right now, tweens' friends are everything to them. It's universal for the age, but they show it in different ways. For boys, the whole friendship thing is through technology and sports. Girls like to talk.
Tweens are also a hot market. What do tweens consider cool Music is at the top of the cool list, followed by going to the movies. “Being smart” comes third, tied with video games, followed by electronics, sports, fashion and protecting the environment, according to a report. Undoubtedly, tweens have great spending power in the United States. It was the tween market that made Taylor Swift and Harry Potter household names. Retailers (零售商) know tweens are a hot market for clothes, music and entertainment. Tweens have their own sense of fashion and enjoy their own parts of popular culture.
5．Which word best describes the tween years
A．Entertaining. B．Unchanging.
C．Admirable. D．Difficult.
6．Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase “set them off” in Paragraph 2
A．Make them annoyed.
B．Make them discouraged.
C．Ccause them to run away from home.
D．Cause them to give up.
7．What can we know from the passage
A．Tweens remain dependent on their parents.
B．Friendship is very important in tweens' eyes.
C．Retailers pay little attention to the tween market.
D．Playing video games is second to none on tweens' cool list.
8．Where can we most probably read this passage
A．In a marketing report.
B．In an education magazine.
C．On a fashion website.
D．On a parenting poster.
C
The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they don't know. By next year, half of the calls we receive will be scams (欺诈). We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools, apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through. Unfortunately, it's too little, too late. By the time these “solutions” (解决方案) become widely available, scammers will have moved onto cleverer means. In the near future, it's not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be in doubt. Soon you will also question whether the voice you're hearing is actually real.
That's because there are a number of powerful voice manipulation (处理) and automation technologies that are about to become widely available for anyone to use. At this year's I/O Conference, a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human sounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection.
These developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much worse. The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision. A decade of data breaches (数据侵入) of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother's name, and far more. Armed with this knowledge, they're able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people. This means, for example, that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank teller's, tricking you into “confirming”your address, mother's name，and card number. Scammers follow money，so companies will be the worst hit.A lot of business is still done over the phone，and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships.Voice manipulation technologies may weaken that gradually.
We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks.Phone carriers and consumers need to work together to find ways of determining and communicating what is real.That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images，showing when and who they were made by, or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards data based communications—using apps like FaceTime or WhatsApp，which can be tied to your identity.
Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose，and the problem is only going to get harder from here on out.
9．How does the author feel about the solutions to the problem of robocalls
A．Panicked. B．Confused.
C．Embarrassed. D．Disappointed.
10．Taking advantage of the new technologies, scammers can ________．
A．aim at victims precisely
B．damage databases easily
C．start campaigns rapidly
D．spread information widely
11．What does the passage imply
A．Honesty is the best policy.
B．Technologies can be double edged.
C．There are more solutions than problems.
D．Credibility holds the key to development.
12．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A．Where the Problem of Robocalls Is Rooted
B．Who Is to Blame for the Problem of Robocalls
C．Why Robocalls Are About to Get More Dangerous
D．How Robocalls Are Affecting the World of Technology单元过关测试卷(一)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项3，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What is the woman doing there
A．Writing a story. B．Reading a story. C．Writing a report.
2．What will they do
A．See the boy's teacher. B．Meet the boy's friend. C．See their new teacher.
3．How does the woman feel about the job now
A．Bored. B．Funny. C．Interested.
4．What is Miss Green going to do
A．Watch the man play football. B．Watch David play football. C．Watch David's friend play football.
5．When does the conversation most probably take place
A．At midnight. B．In the evening. C．At dawn.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。
6．Where does this dialogue take place
A．In the restaurant. B．On the phone. C．In the street.
7．When does this dialogue take place
A．In the morning. B．In the afternoon. C．In the evening.
8．If the woman comes to lunch, how many people will come with her
A．Three. B．Five. C．Four.
听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。
9．What are the man and woman looking for
A．A comfortable hotel. B．A modern hotel. C．An inexpensive hotel.
10．Where could the man and the woman find a hotel they need
A．Next to a bank. B．Two－minute drive to the west. C．On the left side of the street.
11．Where did the conversation most likely take place
A．Near a bank. B．Near a hotel. C．In a restaurant.
听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。
12．What did the man want to do
A．To look for a gold watch for his wife.
B．To buy a birthday gift for his wife.
C．To buy a diamond ring for his wife.
13．What did the man buy at last
A．A ring. B．A watch. C．A necklace.
14．How much did the man pay for the gift
A．$2，250. B．$2，000. C．$2，500.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15．When did the conversation most likely take place
A．Tuesday morning. B．Wednesday morning. C．Thursday morning.
16．How many times was Miss Smith late during that week
A．Three times. B．Four times. C．Five times.
17．Why was Miss Smith late that morning
A．It was raining. B．The bus service was very bad. C．She didn't have a watch.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．Why didn't the businessman write the speech himself
A．He was too lazy. B．He was too busy. C．It was too difficult.
19．How did the audience feel about the businessman's speech in the end
A．They got bored. B．They showed interest in it. C．They felt angry.
20．Why did the speech run on for an hour
A．The businessman read it twice.
B．The secretary wrote the speech for an hour.
C．The businessman read the original and the two copies of the speech.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题中所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Wildlife and Adventure Tours
Madagascar
Madagascar is the land of the lemurs. Join us and we'll guide you through Madagascar, which is the only country where you can experience unforgetable lemur chance meetings in the wild.
www.
Tel: 012 0279 8922
South Georgia
Join a tea journey to South Georgia to admire thousands of king penguins up close. The Fallands & Antartica offers kinds of ships to suit all budgets (预算) and requirements. Contact one of our polar experts today for more information and special offers!
www.
Tel: 020 7403 8265
China
Pandas are the popular animal mascot (吉祥物) of China. With years of efforts, they have been successfully from “endangered” to “valuable” on the list of species at risk. The tour allows you to watch pandas in their natural habitat.
www. onthegotours.
Tel: 020 7371 1113
Canada
Orcas are fierce killers, making them the kings and queens of the ocean. Orcas have very close knit families and normally will stay throughout their lifetime. Experienced locally born guides will take you to explore these attractive sea animals.
www. aboriginaljourney. com
Tel: (001) 250 850 1101
21．Which of the following animals are unique to Madagascar
A．King penguins. B．Pandas. C．Lemurs. D．Orcas.
22．What is special about Orcas
A．They enjoy a close family relationship. B．They are gentle animals.
C．They are born guides. D．They live alone after growing up.
23．What's the purpose of the text
A．To encourage people to protect animals. B．To introduce different kinds of animals.
C．To attract readers to start a wildlife trip. D．To tell us that the animals are endangered.
B
The Colorado River is the lifeblood of the American Southwest. It supplies water to more than 36 million people, has changed the desert into farmland, and allows cities like Los Angeles, Phoenix, and Las Vegas to develop. But satisfying the region's need for water has come at a price.
The river once traveled all the way from Colorado's Rocky Mountains to the Gulf of California. Now, dams control the river's water for human use. As a result, the river no longer reaches the ocean. Without water, the delta (三角洲) at the river's mouth has become dry and poor.
To bring the delta back to life, engineers recently opened the Morelos Dam near the US Mexico border to free a temporary burst of water. This pulse flow allowed the Colorado River to reach the sea for the first time in 16 years, helping the river's delta come alive.
The dams built by the US government form a system of man made lakes. These lakes can store four times the river's yearly flow. “The lakes are like the river basin's bank accounts，” says Taylor Hawes. “They provide a place to save up water for not so rainy days—like right now.”
In wetter times, on and off since the 1960s, the Colorado River managed to complete its journey to the sea. During those rare times, spring floods temporarily brought life back to the delta. Seeing the difference a little water could make gave scientists the idea for this year's pulse flow.
“Just add water and you can get an amazing recovery，” says Eloise Kendy. “The project serves as a model of how to manage rivers sustainably (可持续地) for both people and nature. A lot of rivers in the West have problems. We used them to make the deserts bloom and build cities. We didn't think about the environment. But it's possible to restore them. If we can do it in the Colorado River Delta, we can do it anywhere.”
24．What can we learn from the first two paragraphs
A．The Gulf of California is flooding. B．The Colorado River's delta is dying.
C．The American Southwest is becoming poor. D．The water in the Colorado River is running out.
25．What does “bank accounts” mean in Paragraph 4
A．Lakes can store much of the river's water. B．Many banks provide money to build dams.
C．The money made from the lakes is kept in banks. D．People can borrow money from banks to buy lake water.
26．What does Eloise Kendy want to express
A．Restoring deserts is sustainable for nature. B．Many cities are built on deserts in the West.
C．Rivers in the West have been polluted seriously. D．Environmental protection must go with development.
27．What did the passage mainly talk about
A．An effort to protect the Colorado River from drying.
B．An experiment to make the Colorado River flow freely.
C．A project to bring the Colorado River Delta back to life.
D．A way to make full use of the water from the Colorado River.
C
Snow leopards (豹) are so hard to photograph that scientists aren't even sure how many of these endangered animals still live in the wild.
The Snow Leopard Conservancy (SLC) set up 20 cameras in Russia in 2010 to learn more about the big cats. After a full six months, they had exactly zero picture! That's when the organization understood they needed help. And the only people who could help them in finding the leopards were the very people from whom they wanted to protect the animals—local hunters (猎人)．
Hunting snow leopards is against the law in Russia, but in the terrible climate of Siberia, the few people living there had to turn to poaching (盗猎) to feed their families.
In 2013, Russian naturalist Sergei Spitsyn approached Mergen Markov, a local hunter, and told him his project. Markov agreed to set up the camera where he knew he would find leopards, and it worked.
Markov, once a poacher, works full time for the conservationists now and has 10 cameras monitoring leopards. “I visit each camera once a month. I have known this whole region since I was a child，” he said proudly.
The World Wildlife Fund (WWF) began working with other local villagers in 2015. The village would be paid 40，000 rubles at the end of the year if the image of a snow leopard is caught. WWF also rents horses from the villagers so that they do not need to make money by poaching anymore. “Today there are far fewer leopard poachers but leopards still get caught in traps set for other animals, so I have to stay watchful，” said Markov.
Changing guns for cameras has made a big difference in the lives of these former poachers, the village, and the Russian snow leopards. The number of snow leopards has been rising and their population is expected to recover to normal levels within 10 years.
28．Why was no picture of snow leopards taken in six months
A．SLC's 20 cameras failed to work properly.
B．The number of snow leopards in the wild was too small.
C．The local poachers destroyed these cameras on purpose.
D．The researchers knew little about the animal's living habits.
29．What did Sergei Spitsyn persuade Markov to do
A．Find the poachers. B．Repair cameras in the forest.
C．Catch more leopards. D．Work for SLC.
30．Why did the WWF begin working with local villagers
A．To get some pictures of snow leopards. B．To help villagers make a living.
C．To prevent villagers from hunting animals. D．To rent their horses at a low price.
31．How can we describe the WWF's cooperation with the villagers
A．Practice makes perfect. B．Curiosity kills the cat.
C．Kill two birds with one stone. D．Old habits die hard.
D
Something's happening at the lowest point on our planet, some 1，388 feet below the sea level.
The Dead Sea, a salt lake close to Israel, Jordan and the West Bank, is shrinking at an alarming rate—about 3.3 feet per year, according to the environmentalist group EcoPeace Middle East. And human actions are largely to blame.
“It's not just like one country is punishing the Dead Sea; it's more like the whole region，” said photographer Moritz Küstner, who visited the area in February to work on his series “The Dying Dead Sea”．
The Dead Sea needs water from the other natural sources surrounding it, such as the Jordan River basin. But around the 1960s, some of the water sources it relied upon were diverted.
Mineral extraction industries are another main reason why the water levels are declining, experts say. The Dead Sea's minerals have been popular for their medical power and can often be found in cosmetics (化妆品) and other consumer products.
And then, of course, there's the Middle East's hot, dry climate, which makes it difficult for the lake to refill itself.
Israel and Jordan have signed a $900 million deal in an effort to stabilize the Dead Sea's water levels.
It involves building a canal from the Red Sea to the Dead Sea so that both countries would be able to not only supply water to Israel and Jordan but also to pump much needed water—some 300 million cubic meters annually—into the Dead Sea.
“This is the most important and significant agreement since the peace treaty with Jordan (in 1994)，” said Silvan Shalom, Israel's energy and water resources minister at the time.
Whether the canal—estimated to take three years to complete—will work out positively and as planned remains to be seen.
32．Moritz Küstner visited the Dead Sea to ________．
A．shoot TV series about people's action there B．make a survey about the sea level
C．do his photographic series work D．research into environmental problems
33．Which of the following statements is NOT the reason for the water levels' declining
A．The other natural sources the Dead Sea relied on were switched.
B．The Dead Sea's minerals have been dug and used in some products.
C．The Middle East's climate makes the lake itself difficult to store water.
D．Israel and Jordan are the two countries to destroy the Dead Sea.
34．What measure has been taken to save the Dead Sea
A．Bringing in water from the Red Sea.
B．Introducing water from Israel and Jordan.
C．Taking Israel's energy and water resources.
D．Struggling for international support.
35．What does the passage mainly tell us
A．Why the Dead Sea is dying and the measures taken to save it.
B．How important the Dead Sea is in Israel, Jordan and the West Bank.
C．How to solve the problem that the Dead Sea is being destroyed.
D．Protecting the environment is in no hurry all over the world.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下列短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两处为多余选项。
China has made great improvements in environmental protection during the past 70 years. __36__ Each species on Earth has a role to play in the ecosystem.
In recent decades, a series of wildlife protection movements have been carried out by the central government. __37__ The giant panda and the crested ibis (朱鹮) are among these success stories.
The giant panda used to have a population of 1，114 in the 1970s. It now totals 1，864 thanks to 52 protection areas. __38__ By the end of 2018, seven of the nine pandas released had survived in the wild. __39__ In 1981, seven crested ibises were found in Yangxian county, Shaanxi Province. Since then, breeding programs have helped the population reach 2，000. China has even sent crested ibises to Japan and South Korea in recent years to help with the species' survival.
__40__ Key projects will be continually carried out to improve protection, including making the lists of wild animals and plants under state protection, and also fighting against illegal wildlife trade.
A.Another species was once thought to be almost extinct.
B．Protecting wildlife is, without doubt, an important part.
C．China will continue its efforts at the wildlife protection.
D．People call for immediate protection of the remaining species.
E．Scientists have worked to feed pandas and then release them into the wild.
F．As environmental damage has increased, signs of change have appeared around the world.
G．Several species in danger of extinction have made impressive progress thanks to the methods.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Two year old Nancy is deaf. However, that hasn't stopped her from being a(n) __41__ little girl trying to “chat” to anyone she meets. As soon as she goes out into town with her parents, she starts __42__ in the hope that the person she is talking to knows sign language too.
Normally, hearing loss is a social __43__ for those who don't know how to use sign language. Anyone Nancy tried to talk to __44__ this and felt so sorry they couldn't respond. They wished they could __45__ her and say something back, but they found themselves completely at a loss.
Then, something amazing happened. Instead of causing a __46__， this barrier brought the community together. Determined to __47__ sign language so that they could talk to Nancy, her __48__ hired an instructor on their own, and now they are devoted to taking classes together. The teacher __49__ that this is really remarkable because, quite often, even the parents of deaf children don't bother to learn the language. But here Nancy has a full community that is signing and communicating with her, and it is a __50__ story.
The teacher also says that this level of inclusion will make a huge difference in Nancy's __51__. It almost certainly guarantees that she will be a happier and more __52__ individual in the future. Nancy's parents are already noticing a __53__ in their daughter and they have no words to express how __54__ they are to their neighbours.
With a little girl and a lot of love, the neighbours __55__ make the neighbourhood a community.
41.A.independent B．helpful
C．outgoing D．generous
42．A.signing B．cheering
C．waving D．smiling
43．A.mistake B．barrier
C．conflict D．stress
44．A.discussed B．ignored
C．realised D．denied
45．A.inspire B．protect
C．trust D．understand
46．A.debate B．separation
C．complaint D．panic
47．A.create B．learn
C．translate D．improve
48．A.classmates B．parents
C．teachers D．neighbours
49．A.warns B．predicts
C．admits D．regrets
50．A.relaxing B．popular
C．satisfying D．beautiful
51．A.plan B．hearing
C．life D．opinion
52．A.well adjusted B．mature
C．well behaved D．considerate
53．A.potential B．belief
C．strength D．difference
54．A.friendly B．grateful
C．important D．familiar
55．A.truly B．almost
C．merely D．even
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The annual Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival is Harbin's main tourist highlight. It 56.________ (become) one of the world's biggest winter festivals so far, along with the ones in Japan, Norway and Canada. 57.________ make this festival special are the sculptures on a large scale and the beautiful lighting.
At first, mainly the Chinese took part, but now it is an international festival and 58.________ (compete). As the festival develops, the size of the snow sculptures and ice architecture exhibits keeps 59.________ (increase). The work of making these exhibits is 60.________ (astonish), and their sizes and beauty are amazing.
The festival is 61.________ (official) held from the end of December to February. The opening date keeps changing, and the closing date partly depends 62.________ the weather. More than 1，000 ice sculptures are on show, such as ice lanterns, magical figures and animals that 63.________ (love) by children. It is mostly an ice world 64.________ (aim) at kids. There are interesting activities kids may enjoy, like ice skating. If you are planning a Harbin tour, please attend 65.________ wonderful festival.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
某英文网站要举办主题为保护环境的征文大赛，请你以We can help protect the environment为标题写一篇短文参赛，要点包括：
1．环境污染越来越严重；
2．作为学生，我们应该怎样保护环境；
3．号召同学们从现在做起。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
After graduation, Jason went to work in a big business. The schedule was very tight and he was so busy working, travelling from one place to another, that he was always on business for weeks without going to his mother's home. And this year, he hadn't seen his mother for months. Mother's Day was coming up, and he would have managed to go back home, but this year he was just too busy and too tired. One day when he was driving in a small town, he saw a flower shop. He said to himself, “I know what I will do. I'll send my mother some flowers.”
He stopped and went into the flower shop and saw a boy talking to a girl in it. “How many roses can I get for five dollars？” the boy asked. The girl was trying to explain that roses were expensive. Maybe the boy would be happy with something else.
“No, I have to have roses，” he said. “It has to be red roses, because my mum likes them best. It is Mother's Day. I want to get something special.” He was stubborn.
The girl in the shop looked at the boy and was just shaking her head. Something inside Jason was touched by the boy's voice. It seemed that he wanted to get those roses very much. Jason looked at the boy and said to the girl that he would pay for the boy's roses.
The girl looked at the boy and said, “Okay, I will give you a dozen red roses for your dollars.” The boy almost jumped into the air. He took the flowers and ran out. It was worth more than fifty dollars just to see that kind of excitement.
Jason ordered his own flowers and asked the girl to have them taken to his mother. After that, with relief (轻松), he drove down the road.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Not long after his driving, he saw the boy_______________________________________
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Jason stood there in silence.__________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________单元过关测试卷(四)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is Mr. Stone
A．A doctor. B．A nurse. C．A secretary.
2. Why did the man sell his car
A．He doesn't like it. B．He is going abroad. C．It's too old.
3．What makes the boy worried
A．Maths test. B．English exam. C．His headache.
4．What does the man advise the girl to do
A．Listen more. B．Speak more. C．Write more.
5．What are they doing
A．Waiting for a friend. B．Waiting for a bus. C．Visiting a zoo.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。
6．Why did the woman come to the man
A．To work for him. B．To make friends with him. C．To interview him.
7．Where does the man work now
A．In America. B．In Australia. C．In England.
8．When did the man begin to live in the place
A．When he studied in university.
B．After he graduated from university.
C．Before he went to college.
听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。
9．What did the man look like when the woman came so late
A．He was calm. B．He was a bit angry. C．He was pitiful.
10．What day was it when the story took place
A．It was Saturday. B．It was Sunday. C．It was Thursday.
11．When should the appointment be
A．More than an hour ago. B．Two hours ago. C．Half an hour ago.
听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。
12．What's Timmy's main purpose at the moment
A．To make some new friends. B．To go to some concerts. C．To learn from others.
13．What were they both weak in
A．Sports. B．Music. C．Theory of music.
14．Whom would they turn to
A．Timmy's uncle. B．Lily's uncle. C．Their teacher.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15．Where does the man want to go
A．To a concert. B．To a movie. C．To a lecture.
16．What is the problem with taking the shuttle bus
A．The bus doesn't go directly to the Music Building.
B．The bus goes slowly to the Music Building.
C．The bus will not come for a while.
17．What does the man finally decide to do
A．Walk. B．Wait for the bus. C．Think of another plan.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．Which stamp was hard to find for Victor
A．A special French stamp of 1954.
B．A special French stamp of 1974.
C．A special French stamp of 2004.
19．How did Victor get the special stamp
A．He bought it in the post office.
B．He borrowed from a friend of his.
C．His penfriend gave it to him.
20．Which country could Victor live in
A．England. B．Canada. C．America.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
After a long winter, spring is the ideal time for sightseeing and exploring London's green spaces.
1. Explore London's parks and gardens
Springtime is one of the perfect times of year to explore London's parks and gardens, when the city's royal parks will be blooming with flowers. Go and admire the rainbow of azaleas at Richmond Park or hire a deckchair in St James's Park with a view of Buckingham Palace.
2. Enjoy entertainments (娱乐活动) at a spring festival
There are a good many festivals and events held in London throughout the spring. Make the most of the cultural exhibitions at the British Library Spring Festival, the Sundance Film Festival or the London Literature Festival; head to Shakespeare's Globe, which hosts open air Shakespeare performances from late April to early October.
3. Get active
Warmer weather means there's no excuse for staying indoors, so go for a walking or cycling tour of London. Alternatively (或者), walk the Thames Path, which follows the river all the way from central London to the countryside; make the most of London's Boris Bikes, which are available for hire all around the city and are free of charge for the first half hour. If you're really looking for a challenge, sign up for the famous London Marathon, held annually in April.
4. Take to the waters
Whether cruising (乘船游览) along the River Thames, hiring a rowing boat in Hyde Park or riding a canal boat around Little Venice, there are lots of fun ways to get out on the water in London. Held every year since 1829, the Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race allows teams from England's most famous universities to compete against each other, and draws huge crowds of people to watch.
21．Which of the following is true according to the text
A．You can see Buckingham Palace from St James's Park.
B．London's Boris Bikes are free to use for a whole day.
C．Outdoor Shakespeare performances are held only in spring.
D．The Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race has a history of over 200 years.
22．If you are interested in British culture, you are advised to ________．
A．visit Richmond Park B．row a boat in Hyde Park
C．attend the festivals in London D．walk the Thames Path
23．According to the writer, which of the following activities challenges you most
A．Watching the Boat Race. B．Joining in the London Marathon.
C．Cruising along the River Thames. D．Cycling around London.
B
Manchester is a metropolis in Great Manchester, northwestern England. Situated on the east bank of the River Irwell, it is a lively city with a large population. Although it was once seen as only a dull industrial place, in recent years Manchester has become an “in” place. It is well known for its clubs, its fashion and its music, not to mention its world famous football team, Manchester United.
There is plenty to see in Manchester and something to suit all tastes. For example, if you have a taste for the Orient, you can visit Chinatown, where there are many Chinese shops and restaurants. Another place to visit is the historical Castlefield area, which contains the famous Castlefield Urban Heritage Park. Here you can walk around the museums and experience the atmosphere of the 19th century's Manchester.
Football fans need not feel left out; they can always make a trip to Old Trafford which also contains a coffee shop and a souvenir shop.
It's easy to find your way around the city center and you're never too far away from a bus, which will take you wherever you want to go. However, many people prefer walking in the city where there's so much to see, and much of it is off the main travel lines.
If you get tired of all that walking, you can refresh yourself at one of the many café bars in the city. There's a wide variety of homely and old fashioned ones.
Whatever you do, you won't have a dull moment in the place which was awarded the title of “the UK's most interesting city”. Despite its unpopular industrial image in the past, Manchester is becoming more and more popular as a tourist destination nowadays.
24．According to the passage, Manchester is ________．
A．a big city in the southwest of England B．only known for its heavy industry
C．interesting only if you like football D．a very popular place now
25．If you are interested in history，________ in Manchester.
A．you will see the 18th century's center building B．you can go to Chinatown
C．you don't have a big choice D．you can visit the Castlefield
26．What was Manchester like in the past
A．A small and dull city. B．A city full of factories.
C．An exciting city to visit. D．A popular tourist destination.
27．What does the underlined word “its” in the last paragraph refer to
A．The UK's. B．Tourism's.
C．Manchester's. D．Industry's.
C
A Californian family drives a car that could help protect the environment. When Jon and Sandy go to the store or to their daughter's soccer games, they drive in the high tech style. They drive a $1 million, fuel cell powered car. It may be the world's most expensive car and one of the most environmentally friendly cars. The FCX is the first fuel cell powered car to be used by a family anywhere in the world. The FCX uses hydrogen and oxygen for fuel. Car makers have been working to develop vehicles that are better for the environment. They are developing cars that use fuel other than gasoline.
And then what is fuel cell technology Fuel cell technology works by changing the chemicals hydrogen and oxygen into water. This process produces electricity, and water vapor which comes out of the exhaust pipe. Most cars release dangerous gases such as carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. Many scientists say these gases are major contributors to global warming. “The FCX is driven just like any other vehicle on the road, but without the gases which pollute the environment，” scientists say. Fuel cell technology has been around since the 1800s, but scientists have yet been to perfect it. They say it may take years before the technology is ready for widespread use. Another earth friendly car is already on the market. Hybrid cars use both gasoline and an electric motor. They are becoming more popular with customers because they cut pollution and improve fuel efficiency.
28．Which of the following about the FCX is not true
A．It lets out dangerous gases to pollute the air.
B．It may be the most expensive car in the world.
C．It is one of the most environmentally friendly cars.
D．It uses hydrogen and oxygen for fuel other than gasoline.
29．According to the passage, what is the major cause for global warming
A．Gases from the FCX. B．Gases from cars.
C．Hydrogen and oxygen. D．Water vapor from cars.
30．From the passage, we know that fuel cell technology ________．
A．works by water B．works by electricity
C．has been widely used since the 1800s D．has a history for over two hundred years
31．What can we infer from the passage
A．There will be no gasoline for cars. B．Global warming has been stopped.
C．People can't afford to buy cars in the future. D．Future cars will be environmentally friendly.
D
The Consumer Technology Association, formerly called The International Consumer Electronics Show, or CES, believes about 170，000 people will attend the show. About one third of them are reported to come from countries besides the United States.
More than 4，000 businesses will show products used through the Internet such as gaming, self driving cars, artificial intelligence (人工智能) and robotics. One of the biggest stars at CES this year is the voice controlled digital (数字的) assistant. While the technology is not new, many companies will show off the latest digital assistants.
Equipment controlled by digital assistants, especially those turned on by voice, were already big sellers in 2017. This year, Google, Amazon and Apple are expected to release even more products to keep up with the rising demand.
Digital assistants are powered by artificial intelligence and machine learning technology. They are designed to learn users' preferences over time and then “think” and act on their own. Some of the biggest developments in technology have come in the area of home automation (自动化). Amazon Echo, Google Home, Apple's Home Pod and Microsoft's Cortana are a few examples of voice controlled equipment. All include smart speakers that “talk” to users inside the house and can perform operations.
Experts with the Consumer Technology Association say sales of smart speakers were once expected to nearly double in 2019.
The Internet linked products can play music or find information when asked questions. They can also control cquipment such as lighting, cameras, televisions and temperature controllers. Among new “smart” home products to be released at the CES are voice controlled washing machines, refrigerators, showers and toilets. There is also much new physical fitness and health related equipment on show. Some are designed to help people create the best personal fitness plans to reach their goals. Wearable health equipment is used to study and measure body conditions, while others help recognize signs of disease.
32．What will be shown at CES
A．Books about robots. B．International fashion.
C．Schools' teaching art. D．Equipment related with the Internet.
33．Why are Google, Amazon and Apple expected to develop more intelligent products
A．To create music. B．To treat all kinds of diseases.
C．To meet the increasing needs. D．To make experiments in space.
34．How do users communicate with the equipment of home automation
A．By fax. B．By voice. C．By email. D．By body language.
35．In which part of a newspaper may this text appear
A．Art. B．Health. C．Education. D．Technology.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
More than 40 million Americans move each year, but not always by choice. Whether you're moving because of work or schooling or for better chances, adjusting (适应) to the life in a new place can be difficult. __36__ Here are some tips to help you adjust to your new home.
Treat it as an adventure.
__37__ So stay positive, get out there and explore! Taste the local food and visit famous places and museums. Try local activities that aren't popular in your former city, such as skating if you come from a beach town or surfing if you lived in the mountains. You may discover a talent or an interest you never knew you had.
Get involved with your neighbors.
Introduce yourself to neighbors and everyone else you meet. __38__ This is the best way to get advice about living in your area, and to make new friends. Attend local events that interest you, visit the markets or yard sales, take classes and so on. All of these things will help you meet more people and feel connected.
__39__
It takes time to get to know a new place, so don't expect to feel comfortable right away. __40__ To help make the process easier you can meet new people, find a support group near you. A fresh move is also a fresh start. It is therefore a great time to start fulfilling a dream you've had, whether it is going back to school, starting a new career, or finishing a novel.
A．Find what you love.
B．Give yourself time to adjust.
C．Tell them you're new in the town.
D．Be patient and go after your dream.
E．Show others the photos of your favorite places in your old town.
F．It is especially true when you don't love your new city very much.
G．Living in a new place is a great opportunity to experience new things and grow up.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was a college student, I did a lot of traveling abroad. That was because a professor __41__ me to do so. She said, “It is the time for you to travel around the world, __42__ your knowledge.” I __43__ her.
Since I worked for a __44__ company, I have done most of my traveling through the Internet. I have seen the __45__ of many cities on my computer. And I have really made business __46__， too. With the help of the Internet, I have got information about food in different countries.
Therefore, I felt that actual trips were __47__ necessary when I happened to read a chef's comment on the Internet. He said, “It is difficult to have real Italian food in a foreign country, because we enjoy food and the __48__ around us. So why don't you fly over to Italy and enjoy real Italian __49__？ ” Those words reminded me of my __50__ advice. As information technology __51__， you might be able to do without making real trips. But this also means that you will miss the various __52__ you can get from traveling.
Today there are people who __53__ direct communication with others. I do not think that they are taking advantage of information technology. We should use information technology to make our daily __54__ more fruitful. However, we should never let it __55__ our time for face to face communication.
41．A.promised B．allowed
C．forced D．encouraged
42．A.build up B．show off
C．practise D．exchange
43．A.agreed with B．learned from
C．followed D．obeyed
44．A.computer B．food
C．clothing D．machine
45．A.plans B．bargain
C．sights D．houses
46．A.planning B．rivers
C．progress D．trips
47．A.even more B．no longer
C．much D．actually
48．A.people B．drink
C．atmosphere D．environment
49．A.shoes B．dishes
C．customers D．situations
50．A.friend's B．parents'
C．professor's D．boss'
51．A.exists B．changes
C．interrupts D．advances
52．A.news B．pleasures
C．troubles D．places
53．A.avoid B．keep
C．lose D．enjoy
54．A.communication B．study
C．work D．action
55．A.spare B．increase
C．reduce D．pass
第二节(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mobile payments have made our life 56.________ (convenient) by freeing us from the trouble of having to take our wallets out with us. But a UK supermarket has gone one step 57.________ (far), allowing customers to pay using just 58.________ fingertip.
Shoppers at the Costcutter store at Brunel University in London can pay for items 59.________ (use) the special vein (纹路) pattern in their fingertips, 60.________ (report) The Telegraph. It's the world's first store 61.________ (make) use of such technology.
This new method of payment 62.________ (mean) that customers can pay for items in just three 63.________ (second)．
Sthaler, the company behind the technology, explained that it uses infrared scanners (红外扫描仪) to read the pattern of veins in the finger. It links this to the customer's bank details, 64.________ are kept safe by payment provider WorldPay. The firm is also responsible for millions of online shoppers' details around the globe.
The company said dozens of Brunel students are already using the technology, and it hopes to have signed up 3，000 students out of 13，000 65.________ November.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
假定你是李华，你所在学校的英语协会拟举办一场英语演讲比赛，请给外教Mr. Smith写一封邮件，邀请他担任比赛的评委。信的内容要点如下：
1.比赛于下周六上午在学校大礼堂举行，九点开始；
2.参赛选手共15人；
3.期待其担任评委。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：礼堂auditorium 比赛者contestant
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第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The quilt (被子) took a lot of time. But the messages on it were meaningful.
When I started my current project, I woke up every day with new ideas and fresh enthusiasm. I really believed in the importance of what I wanted to create, and I had my husband, Claudio, to cheer me on. But then, things had gotten hard. I injured my shoulder and my recovery was slow. In the middle of it, I lost Claudio to cancer. I was discouraged, lonely, and without Claudio's comfort. Facing down the half finished quilt in my sewing room one morning soon after his death, I could hardly gather the energy to sew it.
The quilt was meant to be a way to keep my old nursing class together. We'd graduated from Mercy College over 40 years before and quickly worked all over the country. After our last anniversary party, I tried to find ways for everyone to stay in touch, but nothing ever seemed to work out. I knew I needed to find a connection to share at a distance. I thought about a quilt.
I got in touch with as many of my old classmates as I could. Everyone who wanted to join the project was sent a piece of fabric (布料). They could sign it or write a personal message. Once I got the pieces back, I'd sew them into the finished piece.
I rubbed my painful shoulder and ran my hand over the unfinished quilt. Even after several operations, movement in my left arm was limited. There was still so much to do. Our class's forty fifth anniversary party was coming up but my heart wasn't in this project anymore. With Claudio's encouragement I'd kept at it despite my painful shoulder. But Claudio was gone now. Working on the quilt was impossible with my aches and pains. Why was I even trying I covered up my sewing machine and left the quilt as it was.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Weeks passed but I didn't sew a thing.__________________________________________
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I arrived at our forty fifth anniversary party._____________________________________
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Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Someday, umbrellas may do more than just keep people dry. A researcher in the Netherlands has designed a simple sensor (传感器) that “listens” to rain. And that sensor can turn an umbrella into a rain measuring expert.
Tools like this can let anyone gauge the weather. That can help scientists make sure that satellites and radar (雷达) systems that track storms are doing a good job.
“Rain radar is a beautiful way of seeing where rainfall is up in the air. But you never know where it hits the ground，” says Rolf Hut. He designed the umbrella sensor.
Researchers want to know how much rain makes it to the planet's surface. Not all rain that falls from a cloud reaches the ground. And it can be difficult for radar and satellites to measure that rain, particularly in cities. A host of big buildings can change how air and rain move during a storm. “It also explains why a single, expensive sensor—the kind that might be found at an official weather station—won't give accurate citywide data，” Hut says. But by putting a low cost rain measuring tool into people's hands, scientists can learn more about how much rainfall differs in these and other hard to measure places.
On the inside of the umbrella is a small, yellow disk (磁盘). It is the rainfall sensor. The sensor is attached to a black Bluetooth headset that sends the collected data to a smartphone.
Hut came up with the idea to stick the same type of sensor on an umbrella when he was talking to kids about science. He showed them a photo of a policeman who was holding an umbrella and talking to a crowd into a microphone. Why not put the two together He thought it could make a cool rainfall sensor.
When the data of a storm came through, Hut compared the umbrella's new “ear” for rain to official rain measuring equipment. And to his delight, he found the umbrella's measurements were pretty good. His next step is to improve the umbrella sensor to be more accurate.
1．The purpose of this passage is to ________．
A．promote a unique umbrella
B．inform us of a new invention
C．make readers interested in science
D．praise a researcher for his invention
2．The underlined word “gauge” in Paragraph 2 most probably means “________”．
A．change B．control
C．measure D．sense
3．Why can it be hard for official weather stations to measure the rain in cities
A．Their collected data cannot be sent to smartphones.
B．They are lacking in weather measuring equipment.
C．Rainfall differs hugely depending on various areas.
D．Big buildings influence the move of air and rain.
4．What do we know about Hut's new invention
A．Hut is not satisfied with his new invention at all.
B．Hut's invention is something useful but expensive.
C．Hut will pay more attention to the accuracy of the sensor.
D．A policeman in the rain helped Hut with the invention.
B
There's nothing magical about the number 10，000. In fact, the idea of walking at least 10，000 steps a day for health goes back many years to a marketing campaign started in Japan for the sale of pedometers (计步器). And, in the years that followed, it was accepted in the US as a goal to pursue good health. It's often the default setting (默认设置) on fitness trackers, but what's it really based on
“The original basis of the number was not scientifically determined，” says I Min Lee, a researcher of Brigham and Women's Hospital. She was curious to know how many steps we need to take a day to maintain good health and live a long life, so she and her workmates designed a study that included about 17，000 elderly women. Their average age was 72. The women all agreed to wear devices to track their steps as they went about their day to day activities.
It turns out that women who took about 4，000 steps per day got an increase in longevity (长寿), compared with women who took fewer steps. In fact, women who took 4，400 steps per day, on average, were about 40 percent less likely to die during the follow up period of about four years compared with women who took 2，700 steps. The findings were published Wednesday in JAMA Internal Medicine.
Another surprise: The benefits of walking maxed out at about 7，500 steps. In other words, women who walked more than 7，500 steps per day saw no additional increase in longevity.
Janz, who helped shape the new national exercise recommendations, says the message that comes from this study is encouraging. “I think it's really good news for women who may not be particularly active，” says Janz. “All they have to do is walk. To me, this study suggests there are more benefits of light exercise than we were previously thinking there might be.”
5．How did the idea of walking at least 10，000 steps a day come into being
A．It was made up by a group of elderly women.
B．It was indeed the result of a scientific study.
C．It actually came from a business advertisement.
D．It was based on a test by both Japan and the US.
6．Which is an ideal choice for women walkers according to the study
A．2，700 steps. B．4，400 steps.
C．10，000 steps. D．17，000 steps.
7．In which part of a newspaper can you read the passage
A．Health. B．Culture.
C．History. D．Tourism.
Ⅱ.七选五
In the spring and summer months, thunderstorms are common. __1__. In thunderstorms, lightning can strike (击中) people and buildings and is very dangerous.
It was reported that a man was struck by lightning when he was making a phone call under a tree and died at once. You may not know it, but nearly 1，800 thunderstorms are happening at any moment around the world. __2__. So what should you do during a lightning storm Scientists say that a person's chances of being struck by lightning are 1 in 600，000. __3__.
If you are indoors during a thunderstorm：
*Stay away from anything that is metal because lightning can come into the house through it.
*Don't stand near the windows.
*Don't take a shower or bath. Lightning can travel through water.
*Never use the phone. __4__.
If you are caught in a thunderstorm outdoors：
__5__. If there's no building around, try to find a low place to stay in.
*Do not go under a tree because lightning could hit the tree and travel through the tree to hit you.
*Also never use a cell phone.
A．Try to get home as soon as possible
B．Go into a nearby building right away
C．But it is very important for us to learn about lightning
D．In fact, many people are killed by lightning every year
E．Lightning could travel through the phone line and hit you
F．Since they happen often, some people don't take them seriously
G．But you can reduce those chances by following these safety rules课时作业(六) Unit 2 Section Ⅲ Extended reading & Project & Assessment
阅读理解
A
Tired of eating at the same boring restaurants Looking for a change Here are some restaurants that offer an original restaurant experience. See for yourself which ones you fancy.
An Exciting Dinner
Looking for something adventurous The Archipelago in London is just the thing for you. One of the most popular dishes in this restaurant is crocodile. Yes, you read it correctly, crocodile. If that is not daring enough for you, there are plenty of other dishes on the menu.
A Restaurant with a View
Want to enjoy the sights while you're eating Try the Top of the World Restaurant. At about 244 meters above Las Vegas, diners can enjoy a wonderful view of Las Vegas in this revolving (旋转的) restaurant. However, the real adventure starts at the end of the meal. That's when the customers are taken from their seats at ground level to the observation rooms in elevators that travel at a remarkable speed.
A Theatrical Experience
Longing for having dinner when some drama is put on Dine at Mime in Manchester. The service is unique. Your waiter will communicate your order in mime (哑剧) and keep you entertained with performances between courses.
An Unusual Setting
Don't care about presentation You'll be fine at the Modern Toilet Restaurant. The theme of this restaurant is the toilet, and you would be surprised how many people queue up for the experience of eating on toilet seats.
1．What would you expect at the Top of the World Restaurant
A．A free ride.
B．An interesting menu.
C．A show during the meal.
D．A bird's eye view of Las Vegas.
2．Which restaurant requires customers to order in an unusual way
A．The Archipelago.
B．Top of the World Restaurant.
C．Mime.
D．Modern Toilet Restaurant.
3．Where is the passage likely to be taken from
A．A research paper.
B．An entertainment magazine.
C．An exciting novel.
D．A fashion magazine.
B
Children experience advertising in many forms—on TV, magazines, newspapers, movies, the Internet and more. And advertising works on children. For example, the more TV a child watches, the more toys that child is likely to want and ask for. This is why it's important for children to learn that advertisements are trying to make people purchase something. And advertisers always aim to make their products look good, perhaps even better than they really are.
Advertising affects children in different ways. How children think of advertising can depend on several things, including their age or what they have experienced. At 0～2 years old, children can't tell the difference between advertising and actual programs. At 3～6 years old, children can recognize advertisements and tell them from actual programs, but they don't understand that ads are trying to sell something. And they are likely to think of advertisements as being funny. At 7～11 years old, when children go to primary school, they can understand that advertisements are trying to sell them something, remember advertising messages and recognize some advertising techniques like overstating (夸大) how good products are. However, they might not always understand that products aren't as good as advertisements say they are.
To limit the effects of advertising on school age children, the most important thing parents can do is talk about advertisements and encourage their children to think about what they are trying to do.
It is a good idea to focus on the advertisements that a child sees most often. For example, parents can get their children thinking and developing a questioning attitude. In other words, what's the product in this advertisement What is it for Who is it for
They can also ask their children about the techniques that are being used to sell a product. This can help them work out how an advertisement makes its product look good.
4．What does the underlined word “purchase” in Paragraph 1 mean
A．Say. B．Buy.
C．Watch. D．Discuss.
5．Which of the following influences how children view advertisements
A．Children's interest. B．Children's experience.
C．Children's sex. D．Children's parents.
6．What do children aged 3～6 probably think of advertisements
A．They are pretty funny.
B．They are trying to sell toys.
C．They are being shown in many ways.
D．They are not different from other programs.
7．In what way can parents limit the influence of advertising on their children
A．By teaching them to run advertisements.
B．By buying advertised products and comparing them.
C．By guiding them to see through advertisements.
D．By talking about the most successful advertisements.
C
Having lived in California until 1970, my family has felt a number of earthquakes. We have been fortunate, however, to have suffered no bodily harm or property damage.
There is a website that lists all California earthquakes recorded from 1769 to the present. The site lists the dates and times as well as the magnitude (震级) and the exact location of any quake that measured more than 6.0. There are only a few quakes that stand out in my memory and, luckily, none is shown in the website. So, my personal experience with earthquakes might be considered insignificant.
There are three earthquakes that are difficult to forget. The first one was in 1955 and our oldest daughter was walking with me in our backyard in Redwood City in California. As the shaking became stronger I held her to me with one arm as I held on to one of our fruit trees with the other. All three of us (my daughter, I and the tree) shook for two or three minutes that to us felt like hours.
The second one was in 1963. Our entire family was visiting Disneyland in Southern California. The earth started to shake just as we were beginning to walk from our hotel toward the__famous__landmark．
My third experience with an earthquake was a lonely one in California. It was in my sixties and I was alone in an old church. As the building started to shake, I quickly headed for the door to go outside. I remember I said a little prayer—something like, “Help me get out of here in time, Dear Heavenly Father.” Minutes later, I was safe outside.
8．The author writes the passage mainly to tell us about ________．
A．a new film about an earthquake
B．how to survive an earthquake
C．his three earthquake experiences
D．how to save children in an earthquake
9．The earthquakes the author has experienced ________．
A．all caused bodily harm
B．are all recorded in a website
C．all measured more than 6.0
D．all happened in California
10．When the first earthquake happened, the author ________．
A．was staying with his daughter
B．was planting fruit trees
C．held on to a tree for hours
D．was in a hotel
11．What does the underlined part “the famous landmark” refer to
A．A church.
B．Disneyland.
C．A building destroyed by an earthquake.
D．The place where the author was born.课时作业(十) Unit 4 Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
What are your retirement plans Keep working Get more exercise Or learn something new You may put__them__on__hold. There's a chance that, sooner or later, you might have to move further than you were thinking, as far as Mars.
On Thursday, National Geographic will show the first ever Mars show home, giving earthlings (地球人) an idea of what their life could look like on the Red Planet. In the not so distant year of 2037, the igloo shaped structure could be the home of your future.
It shows a house built with recycled spacecraft (航天器) parts and Martian soil, called regolith, which has been microwaved into bricks. Some parts of the home are recognizable—a kitchen, a bedroom—but there are fundamental differences that are important to human survival.
As the Martian atmosphere is around one hundredth as thick as the Earth's, people will need permanent (永久的) shelter from the sun; society will move largely indoors. Most buildings will be connected by underground passages and the houses won't have windows. The homes will have simulated solar lighting, or natural light that has been bent several times.
Walls will need to be 10 to 12 feet thick, to protect people from dangerous rays (光线) that can pass through six feet of steel, and a double air locked entrance to keep the home under proper pressure.
“We don't think of our houses as things that keep us alive, but on Mars your house will be a survival centre, ” says Stephen Petranek, author of How We'll Live on Mars. This is not just the stuff of sci fi. “10 to 20 years from now there will certainly be people on Mars，” Petranek says.
“We've had the technology for 30 years to land people on Mars, but we haven't had the will，” Petranek says. But two main factors have “completely swung public attitudes”．
The private companies' participation has forced government agencies to speed up their game, and influential films such as Gravity and The Martian have caught society's eye.
1．What can we know about the show home from the text
A．It has no windows or doors due to security concern.
B．Its design presents the idea of environmental protection.
C．It has thick walls keeping the home under proper pressure.
D．Its underground passages connect all the buildings together.
2．What do the underlined words “put them on hold” in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A．Put them off.
B．Give them away.
C．Carry them through.
D．Take them seriously.
3．According to Petranek, what has sped up the process of sending people to Mars
A．The great influence of the Mars show home.
B．The development of related technology.
C．The competition from private companies.
D．The popularity of influential books on Mars.
4．What is the best title for the text
A．Living on Mars: Possible or Not
B．Sending People to Mars: Yes or No
C．First ever Show Home: How Is It Made
D．Future Home on Mars: What Will It Be Like
B
While the temperature in Chicago on March 4, 2018 was 5 degrees, the water was even colder—2 degrees. That didn't stop over 4，800 people on North Avenue Beach jumping into Lake Michigan.
The Chicago Polar Plunge is a yearly event to raise money for Special Olympics Chicago. Each of the participants (参与者) collect at least $200 from friends and family members to get the chance to jump into the lake's icy water. More than $1.5 million was raised for a great cause: Special Olympics Chicago and the over 7，500 athletes it serves.
Special Olympics, a nonprofit organization, was founded in 1968. The group's purpose is to provide athletic training and competition in 22 sports for children and adults with intellectual disabilities (缺陷)．
After some initial speeches, the first group of participants ran into the lake. Many of the participants were members of teams that dressed up in costumes (服装), including Minions and Waldo from the Where's Waldo book series.
Chloe Krecun, 12, from Chicago, was shaking when she got out of the water. “I can't feel my feet or fingers and my shoes are filled with water，” she said afterwards. But she would do it again to support the Special Olympic athletes.
As other participants headed towards the water to “take a plunge” , one of them shared why he participated in the event. “My cousin has benefited from the Special Olympics, so my family and I are here to support him by plunging，” said Brandon Marty.
Brunida Cotton, a special education teacher, was also paying attention to the Special Olympics as she prepared to plunge. “It gives the athletes confidence; they belong to a team and they enjoy being able to do things other kids do, ” Cotton said.
5．What do we know about the Chicago Polar Plunge
A．It involves more than 7，500 athletes.
B．It was first held in 1968.
C.It asks participants to wear costumes.
D．It requires each participants to collect $200 or more.
6．How did Chloe Krecun find her experience in the water
A．Comfortable. B．Challenging.
C．Dangerous. D．Exciting.
7．Why did Brandon Marty take part in the event
A．To support his cousin.
B．To encourage others to join in the activity.
C．To collect money for the Special Olympics.
D．To get a chance to enter the Special Olympics.
8．What does this passage mainly talk about
A．An introduction of the Special Olympics.
B．A speech to encourage people to help others.
C．A report about a plunging event.
D．An action to raise money for athletes.
Ⅱ.完形填空
I __1__ to open my eyes in the morning. Why didn't the alarm on my cellphone go off
Soon, I realize today is the day for my __2__ : “A day without technology.”
I didn't realize what I had gotten myself into until I was driving to school in my car in __3__， no radio broadcasting my favorite songs.
As soon as I got to school, I went to print out my English project. “Uh oh，” I thought, “this isn't allowed.”
The school day went on and I finally grew __4__ the rule. This wasn't so __5__ ! I could do this every day.
I drove home after school, and my __6__ eventually went into afterschool mode, __7__ on what I would eat for supper. The __8__ thing I knew was chatting with my friends on Facebook and checking email, all at the same time!
“What happened to no __9__？ ” my mom asked me. I forced myself to go back to reality. I had __10__.
This experiment was actually __11__ to me. Even though my attempt at going about my day without technology was a failure, I realized that I would be completely __12__ without my addiction to technology.
These devices certainly make my life __13__， and I definitely wouldn't __14__ getting rid of them altogether, but I do believe the lives of today's teenagers would be obviously __15__ without our technology dependence.
1．A.try B．pretend
C．refuse D．decide
2．A.expectation B．exploration
C．experience D．experiment
3．A.doubt B．silence
C．surprise D．excitement
4．A.interested in B．annoyed with
C．impatient with D．used to
5．A.hard B．easy
C．strange D．comfortable
6．A.rule B．plan
C．mind D．role
7．A.agreeing B．concentrating
C．counting D．depending
8．A.one B．first
C．last D．next
9．A.homework B．control
C．pressure D．technology
10．A.improved B．started
C．failed D．finished
11．A.available B．convenient
C．beneficial D．avoidable
12．A.fine B．terrible
C．creative D．successful
13．A.troublesome B．easier
C．difficult D．complex
14．A.suggest B．mind
C．practice D．prevent
15．A.boring B．complicated
C．difficult D．different课时作业(四) Unit 2 Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
What is the greatest threat to mankind Maybe different people come up with different answers. However, there is no denying the fact that the only threat to humankind, apart from humankind itself, is, without any doubt, the nature. Natural disasters are the result of natural environmental processes that have a damaging effect on people. Natural disasters can come in many forms: such as geological events like earthquakes, tsunamis or mud rock flows, climatic events like storms, hurricanes or tornadoes and fire events like forest fires and wildfires.
The damage done by natural disasters is mainly as a result of our inability to predict exactly when they will happen. Although great progress has been made in designing and developing forecasting models for some natural disasters, complete certainty is still impossible. Even to be pessimistic, there is a possibility that human beings will never achieve accurate prediction of the happening of all natural disasters.
What's more, even though we are able to predict these disasters from nature, preventing them is equally impossible. So we only have two ways to both prevent injuries or deaths and reduce economic losses to the least. These two methods are to prepare before a natural disaster comes to hit, and to manage the necessary resources and public services after a natural disaster strikes.
These two things have always been at the leading position of the projects of both national governments and international organizations. In the United States, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) is responsible for the “preparedness, response and recovery planning” of both man made and natural disasters.
Most natural disasters cannot be prevented, and both emergency preparation and good disaster management are the best ways to deal with them. Although natural events may appear to serve no purpose but simply to punish and destroy, natural disasters, a perfect symbol of the great power of the nature, are display of our planet's evolution and its state of change.
1．According to the passage, both humankind and nature ________．
A．can be managed orderly
B．can threaten human beings
C．are hard to control
D．have a large family
2．Which can't be regarded as a similarity between tornadoes and earthquakes
A．They can not be prevented.
B．They are both geological events.
C．They are both the result of natural environmental processes.
D．They cause damage to people.
3．Why do natural disasters cause so much damage
A．It is very difficult to predict when exactly they will happen.
B．Our forecasting equipment is too old for many natural disasters.
C．We don't do enough preparation before natural disasters strike.
D．We don't have the necessary public services to use after natural disasters strike.
4．What can be concluded from the passage
A．Natural disasters can not be predicted at all.
B．Human beings are pessimistic about the future.
C．Being well prepared can avoid economic losses.
D．Good preparation and disaster management are advisable.
B
Almost everyone has heard the expression, “the calm before the storm”. It is usually used to describe a peaceful period just before a very stressful situation or a tense argument.
British sailors coined the phrase. They noted that before certain storms the seas would seem to become static (静止的) and the winds would drop. But why is it often so calm before a storm
According to the US website How Stuff Works, a calm period occurs because many storms, tornadoes and hurricanes draw in all the warm and wet air from the surrounding area. As the air rises into the storm clouds, it cools and acts as “fuel” for the storm, like petrol in a car. Once the storm has taken all the energy it can from the air, it is pushed out from the top of the storm clouds and falls back down to ground level. As the air goes down, it becomes warm and dry. Warm and dry air is stable, so once it covers an area, it causes a calm period before the storm.
This same process also causes the “eye of the storm” in hurricanes and tornadoes. In these conditions, the calm occurs in the center of the storm because of the strong circling winds.
The Weather Network has a tip for working out how far away a storm is. First count how many seconds there are between a flash of lightning and a clap of thunder, roughly three seconds equal one kilometer. So, for example, if you count nine seconds, the storm is about three kilometers away. A good judge is that if your count is below thirty seconds, you should seek shelter straight away.
However, due to the complexity of storm system, not all storms are preceded (先于) by the calm. Given the right conditions, some storms announce themselves with heavy rain and icy winds. So, your best bet is to keep yourself updated with weather reports for any predictions regarding a coming storm in your area. That's the most reliable and sensible way to predict the next display of nature's temper.
5．What does the 3rd paragraph mainly tell us
A．How a storm comes into being.
B．Why research is done on storm clouds.
C．Why a peaceful period occurs before a storm.
D．How dangerous a storm can be in certain situations.
6．How far away is the storm if you count 18 seconds between a flash of lightning and a thunderclap
A．About three kilometers. B．About four kilometers.
C．About five kilometers. D．About six kilometers.
7．What can we learn according to the last paragraph
A．Storms have a big influence on life.
B．It is not always quiet before a storm.
C．Weather reports may fail to predict a storm.
D．Heavy storms don't usually last for a long time.
8．Where is the text probably taken from
A．A science report. B．A weather report.
C．A travel guide. D．An advertisement.
Ⅱ.完形填空
In the morning, Slim got up and prepared breakfast for his wife as usual. Nicole, his wife, was listening to music in the bedroom. __1__， he felt that his body was shaking. Slim had the rapid response that there was an earthquake! He __2__ quickly, “Dear, earthquake! Go to the toilet！” Nicole heard the shouting, took up the first aid box quickly and ran into the toilet. The house was __3__ even more violently.
The bathroom was the next door to the kitchen. Slim picked up a kitchen __4__ and two pieces of bread outside the kitchen. Slim tried to run along the wall to help Nicole. However, it got __5__ suddenly with an explosion. The house __6__ down and many things fell from above. Nicole was quickly buried in __7__. She felt breathing very difficult. She tried to stand up, but __8__.
A few minutes later, the land was silent. Nicole heard the sound of short __9__ and thought it was Slim! She shouted to him but no __10__！ He probably fainted. Nicole kept saying his name and she finally heard a response. The two people encouraged and __11__ each other. They knew that there must be a way to escape.
Slim found that they were close and were __12__ by the fallen stones and some powder. He started to dig with the kitchen knife. He felt __13__ from his fingers. Finally, he removed the last piece of larger stones. Slim touched one of Nicole's hands, and then dug the __14__ stones of her body. Finally, Nicole had a __15__ breathing slowly. The two people sat on the ground and hugged together.
1．A.Suddenly B．Actually
C．Unfortunately D．Really
2．A.warned B．frightened
C．jumped D．shouted
3．A.burning B．shaking
C．falling D．moving
4．A.tool B．cook
C．fork D．knife
5．A.bright B．cloudy
C．dark D．blank
6．A.lay B．crashed
C．broke D．bent
7．A.ruins B．ashes
C．dirt D．pieces
8．A.senseless B．impractical
C．impossible D．invaluable
9．A.steps B．breath
C．movements D．pauses
10．A.response B．sign
C．hope D．result
11．A.touched B．held
C．calmed D．called
12．A.wrapped B．separated
C．fastened D．limited
13．A.pain B．cold
C．water D．warmth
14．A.sticking B．dealing
C．surrounding D．spreading
15．A.complete B．constant
C．steady D．weak单元过关测试卷(三)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What did the man do last night
A．He worked all last night. B．He played all last night. C．He slept all last night.
2．What is the old town surrounded by
A．Forests. B．Mountains. C．A river.
3．Where does the woman have to get off
A．At the Bank of China. B．At the post office. C．At the next stop.
4．Why does the man refuse the woman
A．He doesn't have a car. B．He'll be using his car. C．She doesn't drive.
5．Where does the woman want to go
A．The shopping center. B．The traffic light. C．The Grand Hotel.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。
6．In which way does the box go faster but cost more
A．Second class. B．First class. C．To a foreign country.
7．What does the man compare before making a decision
A．Weight and stamps. B．Price and time. C．Forms and value.
8．What else is the man advised to do
A．To put down a returning address.
B．To buy second class stamps.
C．To pay the right amount of money.
听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。
9．Why does the woman want to go to the library
A．To return some books. B．To borrow some new books. C．To find some test papers.
10．When does the library close
A．At 9：00. B．At 9：40. C．At 10：00.
11．What does the man ask the woman to do
A．He asks her to return some books for him.
B．He asks her to borrow some books for him.
C．He asks her to go to the library with him.
听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。
12．What is the probable relationship between the two speakers
A．Teacher and student. B．Husband and wife. C．Manager and secretary.
13．Where are the two speakers going
A．The airport. B．The railway station. C．The bus station.
14．Why do the speakers call Brenda
A．To ask her to change clothes.
B.To ask her when Mother arrives.
C．To ask her if she can go with them.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15．Where is Mary going
A．Her home. B．The park. C．The zoo.
16．Why doesn't Mary like walking through the street
A．It's too cold. B．There are too many people. C．It isn't interesting.
17．When does the conversation most likely take place
A．Late in the morning. B．In the late afternoon. C．Early in the morning.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．How long is the speaker staying in Finland
A．The whole winter. B．For two weeks. C．For three weeks.
19．Why is she in Finland
A．To buy clothes. B．To attend a conference. C．To experience the weather.
20．What was the speaker's biggest problem with preparing the trip
A．Getting the right kind of clothes.
B．Getting used to the weather.
C．Selling warm clothes.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Marvel at these freaks of nature
The world is filled with unique, breathtaking sites—from boiling craters (火山口) to caves full of lightning bugs. While a global disease or natural disasters shock our soul, we might not appreciate nature. In fact, enjoying the wonder of nature can provide some breaks from too much time indoors. These sites are great for you when looking for hope in some of Mother Nature's greatest offerings.
Fly Geyser (Washoe County, Nevada)
This geyser (间歇泉) in northern Nevada, found surrounded by fields of grass, was created by accident when a geothermal power company drilled a test well where the geyser now sits in 1964. The combination of calcium carbonate deposits (碳酸钙沉淀物) and extremely hot water resulted in three nearly 6 foot high, brightly colored red and green hills that shoot hot water into the air.
The Marble Caves (Aysen, Chile)
These caves—accessible only by boat—sit in the heart of Patagonia and were formed over 6，000 years as water continued to splash (泼洒) against the solid rock formations to create these unique blue marble formations.
Lake Sorvagsvatn (Vagar, The Faroe Islands)
This freshwater lake is famous for its appearance of “floating above the ocean”. Though it's actually not even 100 feet above sea level, from various camera angles, the lake looks like it is hundreds of feet above the ocean because of its juxtaposition (并列) with a dramatic waterfall and the cliff to its side.
Krka National Park (Sibenik Knin, Croatia)
This national park in southern Croatia is famous for having not one, but seven, gorgeous waterfalls streaming with greenish blue waters, including the attractive Skradinskibuk waterfall. The clear water in its basin is often filled with visitors taking a dip.
21．According to the text, the following are all false except that ________．
A．these sites all have something to do with waterfalls
B．you may see lightning bugs in the Marble Caves by boat
C．Lake Sorvagsvatn is floating hundreds of feet above the ocean
D．the Fly Geyser has 6 colorful hills shooting hot water into air
22．If visitors want to have a swim, they should go to ________．
A.Fly Geyser B．Lake Sorvagsvatn C．Krka National Park D．The Marble Caves
23．What is the main purpose of the text
A．To give basic facts about these freaks of nature.
B．To explain the reasons why these sites are great.
C．To call on people to appreciate these freaks of nature.
D．To offer advice on how to visit these wonders of nature.
B
Alibaba starts taking the lead in China, simply enough, by connecting big Chinese manufacturers (制造商) with big buyers across the world. Its business to business site, , allows business to buy almost everything. Alibaba's advantage isn't hard to identify: size. Alibaba is just big, even by Chinese standards. Its marketplaces attract 231 million active buyers, 8 million sellers, 11.3 billion orders a year—and Alibaba__is__just__the__middleman. It encourages people to use its markets—not charging small sellers a percentage of the sale.
If you want a quick look into the influence of Alibaba on daily Chinese life, take my experience. I moved to Beijing almost a year ago and quickly got tired of visiting small stores across the crowded city of 20 million people in search of new electronics, bathroom furnishings, and anything else my wife wanted. “You're looking for what exactly Why not try it？” my Chinese teacher asked me one day. With that, my wonderful new relationship with Alibaba began.
Alibaba's original business to business model now is second to consumer buying. Chinese retail (零售) buying makes up 80% of Alibaba's profit, and leading that group is Taobao, with 800 million items for sale and the most unbelievable selection of things you'll ever find. is Alibaba's other big site, where you can find brand name goods from Nike and Unilever near the lowest prices. What I have a hard time explaining to friends and family back in the U. S. is how China has gone beyond traditional shopping—big box retailers especially—in favor of online purchases on Taobao and a few other sites. In smaller towns than Beijing, where big retailers have not yet traveled, shopping online is shopping, and shopping is Taobao.
I have a list of some of my recent purchases on Taobao for a sense of how wide the marketplace is. Almost everything arrived a day or two after ordering with free shipping. I'm not even a big buyer, because I need friends to help me search the Chinese language site. When I was searching my purchase history on my Chinese teacher's iPad, which helps me buy goods, I looked through with great difficulty about 10 of her purchases for every one of mine.
24．Alibaba's advantage mainly lies in ________．
A．its low price B．its big size
C．its not charging small sellers D．its business to business service
25．What can we learn from the underlined sentence in the passage
A．Alibaba will continue to develop.
B．Alibaba stands out as the best online site.
C．Alibaba is of middle size among all the online sites.
D．Alibaba acts as a bridge between the buyers and sellers.
26．What can be inferred from the passage
A. provides more profit than Taobao.
B．The author's Chinese teacher is an online purchase lover.
C．Taobao has no obvious advantage over other similar online sites.
D．Alibaba's business to business service earns more than retail now.
27．What is the passage mainly about
A．Shopping online is Taobao.
B．How the author purchases online in China.
C．Alibaba greatly influences people's daily purchase in China.
D．The influence of shopping online goes beyond traditional shopping.
C
The secret to happiness is keeping busy, a yresearch has found. Keeping the mind occupied with tasks—no matter how meaningless—keeps off negative feelings, the study found.
However, the bad news is that humans seem hard wired (天生的) to be lazy in order to save energy, according to Professor Christopher K. Hsee, a behavioural scientist at the University of Chicago.
In a study, 98 students were asked to complete two surveys. After they had completed the first they were made to wait 15 minutes to receive the next one.
They were given a choice of either handing in the first survey nearby or at a more distant location they had to walk to. Whichever option they chose, they would receive a chocolate bar. It turned out that approximately two thirds (68 students) chose the lazy option. Those who had taken the walk reported feeling happier than those who had stayed.
Prof. Hsee concluded keeping busy helped keep people happy. He said the findings, reported in the journal Psychological Science, had political implications (可能的影响)．
“Governments may increase the happiness of lazy citizens by having them build bridges，” he proposed.
At the individual level, he advised, “Get up and do something. Even if there really is no point in what you are doing, you will feel better for it.” He added, “Incidentally, thinking deeply or engaging in self reflection can be regarded as keeping busy, too.”
“You do not need to be running around. You just need to be engaged, either physically or mentally.”
28．Why can keeping busy make people happy
A．It can help people get rid of laziness.
B．It can make people sleep better.
C．It can help people get rid of negative feelings.
D．It can give people a sense of achievement.
29．What can we learn from the passage
A．The finding may contribute to politics.
B．The officials have taken Prof. Hsee's advice.
C．In the study half students didn't hand in the first survey nearby.
D．The government can increase citizens' happiness by building bridges.
30．Which of the following will Prof. Hsee agree
A．Only by keeping working all the time can you gain happiness.
B．The journal Psychological Science has political implications.
C．Keeping busy can add to the possibility of being happy.
D．That everybody is born to be lazy is accepted by all.
31．What's the author's purpose in writing this passage
A．To explain what happiness is. B．To advise people not to sit around.
C．To advise people to do what they like to. D．To show people how to take life correctly.
D
A Kenyan teacher who gave away most of his monthly salary (薪水) to poor people has won the $ 1 million Global Teacher Prize.
In 2016, Peter Tabichi came to Keriko Mixed Day Secondary School, a public school, in a faraway Kenya's Rift Valley. The school had just a single computer and had problems connecting to the Internet. It had no library or laboratory, either. To make matters worse, the students came from poor families where basics like food and clothing were hard to come by. While these difficulties would have caused most people to leave quickly, Tabichi stayed.
Realizing that starving kids made for poor students, the teacher began using as much as 80 percent of his monthly salary to buy food and learning objects for them. He set up a science club to get kids interested in the topic. “Our laboratory does not have everything, but I encourage them to think wider and use what we can get locally.”
Tabichi and other four teachers regularly visited low achieving, at risk students at their homes to provide one on one help and to understand the difficulties these children faced daily. Tabichi also encouraged parents to allow girls to continue their high school education.
Tabichi's efforts have made a difference. School registration has more than doubled to almost 400 now since he came. In 2017, 16 of the 59 graduating students went to college, while in 2018, the number rose to 26. In 2017, five students qualified (获得参赛资格) for the Intel ISEF (Intel International Science and Engineering Fair). In 2019, two other students competed in the 2019 Intel ISEF held in Phoenix, Arizona.
The teacher, however, owes his success to his students, saying, “I am only here because of what my students have achieved. This prize gives them a chance. It tells the world that they can do anything. ” As would be expected, Tabichi plans to spend the prize money on his school community and feeding the poor.
32．What is the text mainly about
A．A school located in Kenya's Rift Valley became famous.
B．A Kenyan teacher helping poor students won the Global Teacher Prize.
C．A Kenyan teacher helped girls to continue their high school education.
D．Five Kenyan students qualified for the Intel ISEF for their performance.
33．What can we know about Keriko Mixed Day Secondary School
A．It had dozens of teachers. B．It was in the center of a city.
C．It owned a modern lab. D．It was in poor conditions.
34．About how many students did the school have when he first began teaching there
A．90. B．190. C．290. D．390.
35．Which word can be used to describe Peter Tabichi
A．Honest. B．Wealthy. C．Kind. D．Humorous.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
From quiet paths by a stream in a forest to busy roads running through a city, people have created various forms of routes in different places. These routes have enabled people to move, transport things, and send information from one place to another quickly and safely. __36__
Early routes were often formed naturally on land. They gradually developed over long periods of time while people traveled them on foot or horseback. Once the first wheeled carts appeared in ancient times, people recognized the importance of well maintained routes. __37__ As a result, life became much easier, communities grew, economies developed, and cultures spread.
People have established routes on water, too. Rivers and canals have served as effective routes for people to move around and carry things. For example, in the old, Japanese city of Edo, water routes were used for the transportation of agricultural products, seafood, and wood. __38__ They were important for the movement of ships, particularly in the days when they moved mainly by wind power. Using these sea routes, people could go to places they had not been able to reach before.
People have gone on to open routes in the sky as well. Since the invention of the airplane, they have made it possible to travel long distances easily. Finally, people became able to travel safely and comfortably high in the sky, and going vast distances only took a small amount of time.
__39__ By using this worldwide route, people can easily get information that once was available mainly from books and face to face communication.
As long as there have been people, there have been routes to connect them. __40__
A．People could travel great distances.
B．People have also opened routes across the sea.
C．Today, we have a new type of route, the Internet.
D．Therefore, towns, cities, and entire countries improved them.
E．Some unknown routes will surely take us further in the future.
F．They have been important in our daily lives throughout history.
G．They can immediately send messages to large numbers of people all at once.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Heroes come in different shapes and sizes. Some are born to give others a __41__. Then there are the people who just happen to be in the right place at the right time. That was the __42__ for John Underwood.
On a cold evening, a storm __43__ near his home. Underwood was heading over to help his sister when the roads were __44__. He saw some other drivers get stuck, so he got out of his truck to help.
Underwood wasn't out of his __45__ long before he heard a cry. Moments later, a 12 year old boy ran up to Underwood, saying his parents were __46__ and asked for help.
The Hammonds went to get things from the basement when the walls __47__ to bear the weight of rain and fell down, and they couldn't __48__. Worse still, the water was rising fast. __49__ was of extreme significance, so Underwood took action at once. Any inappropriate action could add more dangers. Luckily, Underwood had __50__ as a contractor (承包商). “Digging a hole in the living room floor, I knew it's a __51__ way, ” he said.
With physical strength, patience, and a lot of __52__， Underwood saved their lives. He said he did what anyone would do, but that's not necessarily true. It's __53__ to put yourself in a dangerous way to rescue another. That's why the American Red Cross __54__ him. Ann Otto, who was in charge of the 23rd Annual Acts of Courage Awards, said the Awards should __55__ heroes like Underwood.
41．A.lesson B．direction
C．hope D．hand
42．A.role B．concern
C．case D．behavior
43．A.broke B．disappeared
C．returned D．changed
44．A.cleared B．completed
C．repaired D．flooded
45．A.power B．sense
C．house D．vehicle
46．A.ignored B．trapped
C．injured D．missed
47．A.managed B．failed
C．tried D．struggled
48．A.speak B．reunite
C．escape D．survive
49．A.Time B．Relief
C．Success D．Action
50．A.attitude B．potential
C．confidence D．experience
51．A.difficult B．safe
C．creative D．quick
52．A.bravery B．encouragement
C．anxiety D．responsibility
53．A.impossible B．reasonable
C．hard D．special
54．A.invited B．honored
C．interviewed D．helped
55．A.go to B．come to
C．turn to D．pass to
第二节(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
A woman who was over 50 years old had survived for six days in the Arizona desert recently, after her car unluckily fell 50 56.________ (foot) down a valley. Arizona's Department of Public Safety said that the woman, 57.________ name hasn't been known yet, managed to survive on grass and water until she 58.________ (find) by a cowboy, Dave, who was tracking down cattle. The woman, who was 59.________ (serious) injured in the accident, having several of her ribs broken, had to spend several days 60.________ (stay) in the car before struggling out to turn 61.________ someone for help. She stopped in a dry river bed 500 yards from the car. Dave and a road maintenance worker discovered the 62.________ (damage) car while trying to control a cow, and then followed a pattern of footprints to the woman. What's even 63.________ (bad), she had a head injury. “I wonder 64.________ the woman could have lived another night，” the worker said. But due to their kind 65.________ (assist), her life was finally saved.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
假定你是某校高一学生会主席李华，学校英语网站邀请你写一篇有关微信的文章，刊登在学校网站上。请你根据所给提示，用英语写一篇短文。内容的要点如下：
1．微信拉近了人们之间的距离；
2．有虚假信息，容易让人上当受骗；
3．不要告诉陌生人自己的信息；
4．不要玩微信成瘾。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________
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第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
For many years, I had a recurring (反复出现的) dream. I was a little girl again, rushing about, trying to get ready for school.
“Hurry, you'll be late for school，” my mother called to me.
“I am hurrying, Mom! What did I do with my books？”
Deep inside I knew where the dream came from. It was about some unfinished business in my life. As a kid, I loved everything about school. I loved books, teachers, tests and homework. Most of all I longed to someday march down the aisle (通道) to receive my diploma (毕业证书). That seemed more appealing even than getting married.
But at 15, I had to drop out because my parents couldn't afford tuition. My hope of getting a diploma was dead, or so I thought. Pretty soon, I married and had three children, and I thought: “There goes my diploma.”
Even so, I wanted my children to be educated. But Linda, our youngest child, had juvenile arthritis (幼年型关节炎) in her hands and knees, which made it impossible for her to function in a normal classroom. I felt really sorry for her and I didn't want her to live her life with regret. I didn't give up hope of her being back to school in some way.
One day, I saw an ad in the newspaper for evening courses. “That's the answer，” I said to myself. Linda always feels better in the evening, so I'll just sign her up for night school.
Linda was busy filling out enrollment (入学) forms when the secretary said: “Mrs. Schantz, why don't you come back to school？”
I laughed: “There's no way! I'm 55! ” But he persisted, and before I knew what I had done, I was enrolled for classes in English and crafts. “This is only an experiment, ” I warned him, but he just smiled. So, I told myself to try for just a semester and to see if it would work. Anyway, my dream was still there in my heart.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
It was exciting to go to school again but it was no game.___________________________
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Linda and I helped each other through the time.__________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________课时作业(五) Unit 2 Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage & Integrated skills
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Recently whenever I turned on my computer or my mobile phone, news about the great effect of Hurricane Harvey on thousands of people caught my eye. I saw many unfortunate events. However, there were also the bright news that confirmed the goodness of mankind. As a journalist, I wrote many human interesting stories during my career. That's why the story about the guys in the bakery caught my eye.
When the staff at a Mexican bakery chain in Houston were trapped inside the building for two days, they didn't sit there feeling sorry for themselves. They used their time wisely after the flooding caused by Hurricane Harvey. While they were waiting for the eventual rescue that came on Monday morning, four decided to make as many loaves of bread as possible for their community.
The flood water rose in the street outside. They took advantage of their emergency power supply to bake bread. They used more than 4，200 pounds of flour to create hundreds of loaves and sheets of sweet bread. Although the water kept rising, they continued baking to help more people. By the time the owner managed to get to them, they had made so much bread, and then the owner took the bread to loads of emergency centers across the city for people affected by the floods.
The store manager，Brian Alvarado, told The Independent, “Whenever a disaster occurs, nobody should just feel forlorn. Instead, we should take positive action to save ourselves and help others. Our acts of kindness will make a big difference.”
1．What did the bakery store workers do after flooding caused by Hurricane Harvey
A．They volunteered to make bread for their community．
B．They managed to live by selling more bread in the store.
C．They felt sorry that they couldn't escape from the store.
D．They ate nothing and waited for their community to rescue them.
2．Which of the following best explains “forlorn” underlined in the last paragraph
A．Fortunate. B．Hopeful.
C．Shallow. D．Desperate.
3．What can be the best title for the text
A．A Popular Mexican Bakery Chain in Houston
B．Wait for the Eventual Rescue in a Big Disaster
C．All Kinds of Disasters Caused by Hurricane Harvey in Houston
D．Bake Bread to Make a Difference in the Face of Hurricane Harvey
B
Maggie had never experienced an earthquake before, only prepared for it. As long as she could remember, preparing for an earthquake was common practice at school. Her family as well had made plans in the event of a natural disaster. Earthquakes are so much more common on the West Coast of the United States.
Today Maggie was home alone. Maggie knew her mom would be driving home on the busy freeway, thinking about preparing supper for Maggie's dad. Maggie's dad would arrive at the airport. He was coming home from a two week business trip.
Maggie arrived home from school at the regular time. She was taking some biscuits from the kitchen cupboard when she felt it. First just a tremor (微震), then the violent shaking. Maggie quickly ran under the large, wooden table in the dining room. The sounds of breaking glass and the crashes of many things were frightening. But the table remained undamaged, and Maggie hid herself in fear.
After what seemed like a century the earthquake appeared to be over. Maggie could hear the sound of water rushing below her in the basement. The smell of natural gas was present in the air. Maggie knew where the main water valve (阀门) was located. Dad had shown her where it was and how to turn it off. Slowly and carefully she came out from under the table. The once tidy home was now almost unrecognizable. As Maggie reached the open basement door she could see the steps were still in good condition. She carefully made her way down into the dark basement. While still on the steps she felt the water rising and rising. Suddenly Maggie felt a lot of pain as a large ceiling beam (梁) hit her head and shoulder.
4．What do we know about Maggie and her family
A．They lived in an earthquake zone.
B．They seldom prepared for an earthquake.
C．They had experienced an earthquake before.
D．They got an earthquake warning that morning.
5．What was Maggie doing when the earthquake happened
A．She was cleaning her home.
B．She was decorating her home.
C．She was looking for something to eat.
D．She was preparing supper for her family.
6．Why did Maggie go to the basement
A．To close the basement door.
B．To find some storage boxes.
C．To turn off the main water valve.
D．To check where the rising water came from.
7．What's the text mainly about
A．Maggie's first trip to the West Coast.
B．Maggie's first earthquake experience.
C．How Maggie survived a natural disaster.
D．How Maggie prepared for an earthquake.
Ⅱ.七选五
Light therapy is not the only treatment for jet lag (时差反应). There are other things you can do to feel less tired the next time you travel. Sleep experts at the medical website WebMD have these suggestions on how to fight jet lag.
__1__.
Several days before you travel, start moving your bedtime and hours for meals closer to the time you plan to eat and sleep on your trip.
Start making small changes while in flight
Change your watch when you get on the airplane. This is playing a trick on your mind. But it can help you to start thinking of the time at the other end of the flight. Try to sleep on the plane if it is nighttime in the place where you are going. __2__.
Arrive early
If you are traveling for work or for a personal reason, try to arrive a few days early, if possible. __3__.
Drink water
Drink lots of water before, during, and after your flight. __4__. Alcohol and coffee can have a bad effect on your sleep.
Move around
__5__. But after you land, avoid heavy exercise near bedtime. Exercise near bedtime can delay sleep, whether on an overseas trip or at home.
If you travel, what are other tips you use to make it more enjoyable
A．Don't take too much baggage
B．Try to stay awake if it is daytime
C．It will contribute to your high spirits
D．Try changing your mealtime and sleep time before you go
E．During your flight, get up and walk around or stretch every so often
F．This will give your mind and body more time to adapt to the new hours
G．Avoid drinking alcohol or coffee a few hours before you plan to sleep课时作业(一)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了生活在秦岭的大熊猫可能将面临一个新的威胁：其赖以生存的竹子可能会因为气温升高而消失。
1．答案与解析：A 考查细节理解。根据第一段的内容可知，秦岭地区大熊猫赖以生存的竹子可能会大量消失。故选A。
2．答案与解析：D 考查推理判断。根据第三段中他所说的话可知，他认为即使所有国家都严格遵守其在《巴黎协定》中的承诺，到2100年全球气温仍将上升3.5摄氏度。故选D。
3．答案与解析：C 考查简单计算。根据最后一段中的“The Qinling Mountains are home to about 345 pandas. That is about 18% of the China's wild panda population”可得出，中国野生大熊猫总数约为1900只。故选C。
4．答案与解析：D 考查主旨大意。文章开篇点明主题，秦岭地区的大熊猫可能面临新的威胁——其赖以生存的竹子可能消失。故D项最符合题意。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了一项研究发现终身规律锻炼可减缓衰老过程。
5．答案与解析：A 考查推理判断。根据第二段至第六段可知，研究人员设立了两个对比小组并比较了两组的结果，即研究人员通过比较来进行研究。故A选项正确。
6．答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“Results showed that the cyclists did not experience body changes...they did not lose muscle mass or muscular strength”可知，研究结果显示，骑自行车的人没有随着年龄的增长而失去肌肉质量和肌肉力量，也就是说骑自行车的人的肌肉依然保持强健。故C选项正确。
7．答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段可知，令研究人员没有想到的是，骑自行车的人的免疫系统也没有老化。故B选项正确。
8．答案与解析：D 考查主旨大意。根据第一段第一句“A study has found that a lifetime of regular exercise and activity can slow down the aging process (衰老过程)”以及下文内容可知，本文主要说的是一项研究发现终身有规律地运动可以减缓衰老过程。故D选项最适合作为本文标题。
Ⅱ.完形填空
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，文章讲述了地球变暖对世界上森林资源带来的一系列变化：树木的死亡率升高，干旱和野火发生的概率升高，森林的消亡，还有物种的灭绝。
1．答案与解析：B 当温度上升时，树木就会把它们的皮闭合起来以防止温度升高带来的水分的流失，转而又减缓了光合作用的进程。故选B。
2．答案与解析：C 减缓的是光合作用的进程。process过程，进程，符合此处的语境。故选C。
3．答案与解析：A 这些树长得更矮，生长缓慢，死亡率更高。故选A。
4．答案与解析：D 根据本段的内容，主要讲述野火发生后，森林系统的变化，可知温度变化也会增加干旱和野火发生的概率。the chance of……的概率，……的可能性，故选D。
5．答案与解析：C 野火发生后森林系统需要一段时间才能恢复。recover恢复。故选C。
6．答案与解析：B 野火发生后森林系统需要一段时间才能恢复，甚至有一些森林永久地消失了。故选B。
7．答案与解析：A 在野火中受到影响的树也容易受到细菌的攻击。be accessible to容易接近的，容易进入的。故选A。
8．答案与解析：D 在热带森林中，以树木为支撑物的藤本植物，经常会使树木窒息还会掠夺树木的营养。故选D。
9．答案与解析：C 最后，人类通过伐木也毁掉了森林景观。故选C。
10．答案与解析：B 当在土壤上重新种植树木时，它们永远不会长得像原来被砍倒的树那么大。original原本的。故选B。
11．答案与解析：A 随着这些森林的消失，曾经称之为“家园”的物种被迫改变，这影响了系统的多样性。故选A。
12．答案与解析：D 根据上文内容，森林系统发生了改变，可知一些濒危的物种不能适应，因此灭绝，这是很不幸的。故选D。
13．答案与解析：C and连接的词在词性和词义上保持一致。由后面的die“死亡”可知此处应选adapt“适应”。故选C。
14．答案与解析：A 当森林消失了，在同一地区重新建立的森林会由于植被不良而变得更弱、更小。due to由于。故选A。
15．答案与解析：B 作者在思索：随着树木不断地消失，我们的子孙后代是否会失去森林的奇迹？miss out on错过机会；错失……。故选B。
课时作业(二)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。Fabien Cousteau因研究鲨鱼而出名，他继承家人的事业致力于保护濒临灭绝的海洋生物，试图在环境保护和市场经济之间寻求平衡。
1．答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Today, Fabien follows in his family's footsteps to protect the planet's endangered marine (海洋的) life. With his vast knowledge and experience, he tries to strike a balance between environmental problems and market economies”可知，Fabien目前致力于保护濒临灭绝的海洋生物，试图在环境问题和市场经济之间寻求平衡。故选C。
2．答案与解析：A 考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“During 2000～2002, he created a TV special...Then in 2003～2006, with the help of a large crew, Fabien created a shark submarine”可知，作者通过提供事实描述来展开文章第二段。故选A。
3．答案与解析：B 考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“Fabien's Mission 31 broke new ground by going deeper, longer and further, exposing (使接触) the world to the adventure and the mystery of what lies beneath”可知，Fabien的Mission 31把海底的奇遇和神秘展示给了世人，实现了新的突破。由此可推知，Fabien的Mission 31打破了以前海洋探险的记录。故选B。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了澳大利亚土著人Rangers捡垃圾、保护环境的事件。对这些土著人来说，保护环境就等于保护他们的历史和文化。
4．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。由文章第一段中“Soon they would eat freshly caught fish and seafood cooked under the stars on an open fire, as their ancestors did. (很快，他们就能像他们的祖先一样，吃到新鲜捕捞的鱼和在星空下明火上烤的海鲜)”可知澳大利亚土著居民过去以捕鱼和打捞海鲜为生。故选C。
5．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。由文章第三段中“For a person whose culture is strongly tied to the land, protecting the environment is equal to preserving their history.”可知他们认为清理海滩就是保护他们的文化。故选D。
6．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。由文章第四段中“Tens of thousands of years of traditional land management ended, and as a result many parts of the country now face serious disasters from invasive plant and animal species, bush fires and land mismanagement. (……许多地区现在面临着来自入侵动植物物种、丛林火灾和土地管理不善的严重灾难)”可知政府要将土地归还给原住居民是由于被污染的土地需要他们更好地管理。故选A。
7．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。由文章后三段可知文化对澳大利亚土著居民很重要。故选B。
Ⅱ.七选五
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在暑假期间如何建立自己的俱乐部。
1．答案与解析：G 根据空后的“It's great fun especially if you are the sort of person who feels there's nothing to do during the summer holidays”以及下文中的club可知应选G，表示暑假时你可以建立自己的俱乐部。
2．答案与解析：C 根据下文中的“Pets, clothes, pop music, dancing groups, sports, or making things The list is endless”可知，这里是想表达“你对什么感兴趣”，故选C。
3．答案与解析：A 根据空前一句和下文中的“All you need are three or four other people who are interested in the same thing as you”可知应选A，表示找到一些朋友加入你的俱乐部是容易的。
4．答案与解析：E 根据下文中的“You should all sit down somewhere together with lots of pieces of paper and write down every name you can think up”可知，E项“然后你需要为你的俱乐部选个名字”符合语境。
5．答案与解析：F 根据上文中的“you can spend a lot of time making them”和下文中的“Why not leave some space for a photo of yourself That will make the membership card really look like one”可知，F项“用彩笔来制作一个特殊的图案”符合语境。
课时作业(三)
阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了太平洋岛国瑙鲁因对矿产资源过度开采而造成无法挽回的后果。
1．答案与解析：B 考查写作目的。根据第一段中的“other countries might learn from its mistakes”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是给其他国家一个警示，希望它们能够从中吸取教训，故选B。
2．答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据文章内容可知，瑙鲁的生态危机是由过度开采磷酸盐造成的。
3．答案与解析：A 考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars. In addition, they used millions more dollars for personal expenses”可知，造成瑙鲁财政危机的原因包括其领导人投资不明智，并且把钱用在个人消费上，故A项正确。
4．答案与解析：A 考查推理判断。根据最后一段最后两句可知，修复瑙鲁的生态环境需要大量的金钱投入以及二十多年的时间，由此可推知被破坏的生态环境很难修复。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了由于很多人攀登珠峰，现在那里正在变成一个垃圾堆。然而好消息是一些登山者正主动承担起清理珠穆朗玛峰上的垃圾的责任。
5．答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“And they have complained about waiting for hours in the bottlenecks (狭窄路段) on the way to the peak, a situation that isn't just uncomfortable”可知，攀登者在通过去珠穆朗玛峰顶峰的狭窄路段时要等很长时间，故可知狭窄路段经常很拥挤。故选B。
6．答案与解析：A 考查词义猜测。结合语境并根据第三段中的“The two standard routes, the Northeast Ridge and the Southeast Ridge, are badly polluted with oxygen cans and torn tents everywhere”可知，两个线路都完全被氧气罐和撕破的帐篷弄脏了，所以可以推测画线词指的是登山者用的登山设备。故选A项。
7．答案与解析：A 考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的第二句和第三句可知，由15个尼泊尔艺术家组成的小组用珠峰上的垃圾创作出了艺术品。故选A。
8．答案与解析：B 考查主旨大意。根据文章的内容，尤其是第一段“Since Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay climbed Mount Everest, Mount Qomolangma's peak is no longer a lonely place and is turning into a trash heap”和第四段中的“But the good news is that some mountaineers are taking on the work to clean up Mount Qomolangma”可知，由于很多人攀登上珠峰，随处丢弃用完的装备，现在那里正在变成一个垃圾堆，但是有些人正主动承担清理珠峰垃圾的责任，使珠峰变干净。故选B项。
C
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了真正的友谊就像健康一样，人们只有在失去时才会知道它的重要价值。文章介绍了朋友之间存在不和时如何通过写道歉信来修复关系并维持好的友谊。
9．答案与解析：B 考查推理判断。文章首段讲真正的友谊就像健康一样重要，人们只有在失去时才知道它的价值，下文则介绍了如何修复关系并维持好的友谊，由此推断作者引用Charles Caleb Colton的话是为了引入文章的主题。
10．答案与解析：A 考查词义猜测。根据下文中的“you really care about him”可知，此处表示这会让你的朋友意识到你的道歉是真诚的，故可推断该词与sincere为近义词，表示“真诚的”。
11．答案与解析：D 考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“the good old way of saying sorry to your friend through a letter will surely have a great effect on him”可知，作者认为最好的道歉方式是写信。
12．答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据文中倒数第三段的“Always begin by apologizing and saying sorry for your mistake”可知，写道歉信时，你应该为你的错误道歉。
课时作业(四)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。自然是人类除了自己之外的最大的威胁，在自然的力量面前，人类显得那么渺小和无助。本文主要讲述人类与自然灾害之间的种种交织。
1．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第一段中“...that the only threat to humankind, apart from humankind itself, is, without any doubt, the nature.”可确定答案。
2．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“geological events like earthquakes”和“climatic events like storms, hurricanes or tornadoes”可知，龙卷风和地震并非都是地质事件。
3．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The damage done by natural disasters is mainly as a result of our inability to predict exactly when they will happen.”可知，自然灾害造成如此大的损失的原因是我们无法准确预测它们何时会发生。
4．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Most natural disasters cannot be prevented, and both emergency preparation and good disaster management are the best ways to deal with them.”可推知，良好的准备和灾害管理是明智的。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇社会文化类阅读。文章解释了暴风雨来临前，海面变得平静，风力减弱的原因，并介绍了一个计算暴风雨距离的小窍门。
5．答案与解析：C 考查段落大意。根据第三段中的“According to the US website How Stuff Works, a calm period occurs because many storms, tornadoes and hurricanes draw in all the warm and wet air from the surrounding area”以及下文可知，第三段主要告诉我们为什么暴风雨来临前会有一段平静的时期。故选C项。
6．答案与解析：D 考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“First count how many seconds there are between a flash of lightning and a clap of thunder, roughly three seconds equal one kilometer”可知，闪电与雷声之间的间隔时长三秒约等于一千米，则18秒约等于6千米。故选D项。
7．答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“However, due to the complexity of storm system, not all storms are preceded (先于) by the calm”可知，暴风雨来临前并非总是宁静的。故选B项。
8．答案与解析：A 考查推理判断。文章主要说明了暴风雨来临前的宁静的原因，以及如何计算暴风雨距离，由此可推测文章选自一份科学报告。故选A项。
Ⅱ.完形填空
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章描述了在一次地震中，一对夫妻互相鼓励、互相帮助，一起战胜困难，最终幸免于难的感人的故事。
1．答案与解析：A 根据文意判断，地震的发生是很突然的。suddenly突然地；actually实际上；unfortunately不幸地；really真实地，确实。
2．答案与解析：D 丈夫大声呼喊，让妻子到洗手间躲避地震。下文的shouting也有暗示。warn警告，往往指事情发生之前的行为，不符合语境；frighten惊吓；jump跳；shout大喊大叫。
3．答案与解析：B 根据语境可知，房子在地震中剧烈地摇晃起来。burn燃烧；shake摇晃；fall倒塌；move移动。
4．答案与解析：D 最后一段有提示，丈夫用刀子在废墟中挖掘，寻找妻子。tool工具；cook厨师；fork叉；knife刀子。
5．答案与解析：C 根据后文可知，突然的爆炸使得周围漆黑一片。bright明亮的； cloudy多云的；dark漆黑的；blank空白的，茫然的。
6．答案与解析：B 此处指房子轰然倒塌。crash当“撞碎”讲，符合语境。break down的意思是“中断，分解”。
7．答案与解析：A Nicole很快被埋在了废墟中。ruins废墟；ash灰烬； dirt尘土； pieces碎片。
8．答案与解析：C 已经被埋，想站起来是不可能的。senseless无意义的；impractical不切实际的；impossible不可能的；invaluable非常宝贵的。
9．答案与解析：B short breath“短促的呼吸”，符合语境。step步伐；breath呼吸；movement移动；pause停顿。
10．答案与解析：A 由下一句句意“他可能昏过去了”可知，妻子呼唤丈夫，但丈夫没有应答。response回应；sign迹象；hope希望；result结果。
11．答案与解析：C 与前面的“鼓励”构成并列关系，此处只能表示“安慰，让对方镇静下来”。touch接触；held握住，举行；calm使镇静；call打电话。
12．答案与解析：B 根据前文“两人挨得很近”可知，此处强调两人被碎石等隔开。wrap包裹，缠绕；separate分开；fasten系牢；limit限制。
13．答案与解析：A 丈夫使劲在废墟中挖掘，手指都疼了。pain疼痛；cold寒冷；water水；warmth温暖。
14．答案与解析：C 最后丈夫把围在妻子身边的碎石清理掉。stick刺，粘贴；deal处理；surround围绕；spread扩散。
15．答案与解析：C 丈夫把妻子从废墟中解救了出来，因此她的呼吸开始变得平稳。complete完全的；constant不断的；steady平稳的；weak虚弱的。
课时作业(五)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是飓风哈维引发洪水后，面包店的员工继续烤面包来帮助他人。这一小小的举动却产生了重大影响。
1．答案与解析：A 考查细节理解。根据文章第二段内容可知，飓风哈维引发洪水后，面包店的工作人员自愿为社区人们做面包。故选A项。
2．答案与解析：D 考查词义猜测。根据最后一段画线词后的“Instead, we should take positive action to save ourselves and help others”中的关键词 Instead可知，该句与前句构成转折关系，再由positive可推知画线词的意思是与之相反的，故D项“令人绝望的”符合语境。
3．答案与解析：D 考查主旨大意。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中的“Our acts of kindness will make a big difference”可知，文章讲述的是飓风哈维引发洪水，但面包店的员工继续烤面包，以期帮助很多人，其善意的举动发挥了巨大作用。故D项符合文意。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Maggie第一次遭遇地震的经历。
4．答案与解析：A 考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“preparing for an earthquake was common practice at school. Her family as well...Earthhquakes are so much more common on the West Coast of the United States”可推知，防范地震在学校是常规，她的家人也制订了应对自然灾害的计划。地震在美国西海岸更为常见。由此推知Maggie和她的家人住在地震带。故选A项。
5．答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“She was taking some biscuits from the kitchen cupboard when she felt it”可知，地震发生时，Maggie正从厨房的橱柜里拿饼干，即Maggie正在找吃的东西。故选C项。
6．答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据第四段内容尤其是“Maggie knew where the main water valve (阀门) was located. Dad had shown her where it was and how to turn it off”可知，Maggie去地下室是为了关闭主水阀。故选C项。
7．答案与解析：B 考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文主要描述了Maggie第一次遭遇地震的经历。故选B项。
Ⅱ.七选五
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了解决时差反应的方法。
1．答案与解析：D 本段的关键词为bedtime和hours for meals，根据关键词对比选项可知D项最为符合，故选D。
2．答案与解析：B 空前一句的表达形式同B项一致，均为Try to...if...形式，且B项中的daytime与空前一句中的nighttime相对应，故选B。
3．答案与解析：F 本段主要讲要早到，而F项中的This恰好承接上文，并且叙述了早到的好处，故选F。
4．答案与解析：G 根据小标题可知本段讲应该多喝水，空后提到了喝酒和喝咖啡的坏处，那么此空应该是不要喝酒或咖啡，故选G。
5．答案与解析：E 根据小标题以及空后的after you land可推断出，此空应该是讲在飞行过程中四处走动一下，故E选项符合语境。
课时作业(六)
阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了四家奇特的餐厅。
1．答案与解析：D 考查细节理解。根据A Restaurant with a View中的“At about 244 meters above Las Vegas, diners can enjoy a wonderful view of Las Vegas in this revolving (旋转的) restaurant”可知，在Top of the World Restaurant，顾客们可以鸟瞰拉斯维加斯，欣赏拉斯维加斯的漂亮的全景。故选D项。
2．答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据A Theatrical Experience中的“Your waiter will communicate your order in mime”可知，顾客与服务员交流菜单时要用哑语，这就是这个餐厅的特殊之处。故选C项。
3．答案与解析：B 考查推理判断。根据对四个餐厅不同的奇特之处的介绍可推知，本篇文章有可能出自娱乐杂志。故选B项。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了不同年龄段的孩子对广告的认知以及如何引导孩子正确看待广告。
4．答案与解析：B 考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“For example, the more TV a child watches, the more toys that child is likely to want and ask for”可知，孩子们电视看得越多，想买的东西就越多，那么父母应该让孩子们知道广告的目的就是说服人们购买东西。
5．答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“How children think of advertising can depend on several things, including their age or what they have experienced”可知，孩子们的经历对其对广告的认知有影响。
6．答案与解析：A 考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“At 3～6 years old...And they are likely to think of advertisements as being funny”可知，3～6岁的孩子很有可能认为广告很有趣。
7．答案与解析：C 考查推理判断。根据最后三段的内容可推知，父母应该和孩子谈论广告，让孩子对广告的目的进行思考，并谈论广告的技巧，从而引导孩子看清广告的真相。see through意为“识破，看透”。故选C。
C
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了自己经历的三次地震。
8．答案与解析：C 写作意图题。通读全文可知，作者主要是向读者介绍了自己经历的三次地震。
9．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第三段的“The first one was in 1955...in California.”和第四段第二句以及第五段的“My third experience with an earthquake was a lonely one in California.”可知答案。
10．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第三段的“All three of us (my daughter, I and the tree) shook for two or three minutes...”可知作者和他的女儿共同经历了这场地震。
11．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据第四段“Our entire family was visiting Disneyland...”可知答案。
课时作业(七)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。主要论述了随着全球化的发展和人口流动性的大幅增加，传统意义上的“外国人”的概念已发生了根本性的变化，人们需要对此重新定义。
1．答案与解析：A 句意猜测题。分析第一段的内容可知，画线部分表示传统意义上对于“外国人”的定义已经“过期”。由此可知如今对“外国人”的定义已发生了很大的变化，应重新定义“外国人”一词。故选A。
2．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据第一段的内容及第二段中一个欧洲人和一个北京人的例子可推出，根据出生地来定义“外国人”已经不合时宜了。故选A。
3．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第三段的内容可推出，当今在芝加哥的亚洲人比20世纪60年代和70年代多。故选C。
4．答案与解析：B 主旨大意题。本文主要叙述了随着全球化的发展和全球人口流动性大幅增加，传统的对“外国人”的定义已发生了巨大的变化，应该重新定义。而且“foreigner”一词贯穿全文。故选B。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了Cameron和家人做志愿者活动的经历，Cameron结合自己的经历号召人们开始做志愿者活动。
5．答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Cameron Beck first started volunteering at the young age of 12.To his family，volunteering became part of life”可知，Beck一家是一个志愿者家庭。故选B项。
6．答案与解析：A 考查推理判断。通读全文尤其根据文章倒数第三段中Cameron所说的话“Sometimes，it can cause feelings of isolation (孤独), so volunteering really helps bring that social aspect into my life”可知，Cameron认为志愿者活动是双赢的，既能帮助别人，也能让自己融入社会。故选A项。
7．答案与解析：D 考查细节理解。根据文章倒数第二段中的“Cameron has one piece of advice for those who have never volunteered: find an organization that matches your passion and just get started”可知，Cameron建议人们尽量去做志愿者活动。故选D项。
Ⅱ.完形填空
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。当下社会人人都显得忙忙碌碌。不愿意抽出哪怕片刻时间来思考。而作者认为只有给自己时间去思考，才能有效解决问题，进而获得人生的乐趣。
1．答案与解析：A 考查代词词义辨析。句意：不再有人说“还好”。nobody没有人；somebody有人；everybody每个人；anybody任何人。根据any more可知是短语“not...any more”，意思为“不再”，表示否定含义。故选A项。
2．答案与解析：B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当人们工作不是超级忙的时候，他们就会疯狂地忙于锻炼或娱乐。home家庭；work工作；school学校；hospital医院。与下文“忙于锻炼、娱乐”相对应的通常是“忙于工作”。故选B项。
3．答案与解析：B 考查介词短语辨析。句意：如果有片刻的思考时间——例如，在超市排队等候时——手机就会出现。in order秩序井然；in line成一排，成一直线；in panic陷入恐慌；in public在公共场合。按照生活常识，“在超市排队”时是有空闲时间供我们思考的。故选B项。
4．答案与解析：B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们是如此依赖手机，以至于人们似乎会找任何借口来保持忙碌的样子……focused注意力集中的；dependent依赖的；reliable可靠的；appealing吸引人的。故选B项。
5．答案与解析：C 考查名词词义辨析。place地点；reason理由；excuse借口；solution解决方案。根据上文out come the mobile phones可知，人们只要有一点儿空闲时间，就会看手机。手机是人们忙碌的借口。故选C项。
6．答案与解析：C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在实验中，大多数人发现独自思考仅仅6到15分钟就觉得不愉快。uncertain不确定的；unfair不公平的；unpleasant不愉快的；unwise不明智。根据上文提到人们依赖手机可知，人们不愿意思考，因此to be alone with their thoughts是人们不愿意做的事，会很不高兴。故选C项。
7．答案与解析：D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这可能是因为我们在独处的时候，往往会纠结干自己生活中出了什么问题。leave out遗漏，省去；leave off停止；leave behind留下，遗留；leave alone不打扰，不理。根据上文to be alone with their thoughts可知，此处意思为“当人们不被打扰时，就会反思”。故选D项。
8．答案与解析：B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：除非有解决方案，否则这些想法只会在我们的脑海里不断反复出现。recover恢复；repeat重复；regain重获；recycle回收利用。如果这些难题得不到解决，它们就会一直缠绕在我们的脑海中，挥之不去。故选B项。
9．答案与解析：D 考查连词词义辨析。句意：但如果你不给自己时间去思考问题，你就无法解决问题。unless除非；while虽然，当……时；though虽然；if如果。作者认为如果你不去思考就无法解决问题。故选D项。
10．答案与解析：D 考查短语介词辨析。句意：这是由于我们的文化更看重行动而不是思考。apart from除……之外；more than多于；except for除……之外；rather than而不是。人们认为通过行动可以找到答案，而不是通过思考，该句是在提示我们思考的欠缺。故选D项。
11．答案与解析：B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们普遍认为，思考只会让你放慢脚步，碍你的事……。confidence自信，信心；belief认为，想法；challenge挑战；dream梦想。根据此处的句意可知。故选B项。
12．答案与解析：C 考查短语辨析。all the way一路上；by the way顺便说一句；in one's way挡住去路，妨碍；on one's way在路上。根据thinking will only slow you down可知，人们认为思考会阻碍前进的步伐。故选C项。
13．答案与解析：B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：……允许思潮涌动是解决问题的一部分……ban禁止；allow允许；remove移除；reduce减少。作者意在指出问题的解决需要我们给思考留出时间。故选B项。
14．答案与解析：D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：正是这些负面的感受，以及你如何处理它们，造就了你。meet with与……见面，遭遇；get away with做了错事而不受惩罚；keep pace with跟上节奏，保持同步；deal with处理，应对。在生活中我们要学会如何应对负面情绪。故选D项。
15．答案与解析：A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然忙碌似乎可以把你从悲伤中拯救出来，但它也可能会使你远离快乐。joy快乐；relief解脱；anxiety焦虑；sorrow悲伤。句中while表示语义的转折。作者认为或许忙碌可以平复你的悲伤情绪，但与此同时它也使你不能开心快乐。故选A项。
课时作业(八)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇社会类短文阅读。主要报道了南京外国语学校的彭拜尔编写出了一本口袋书《视障人士出行帮扶手册》，该书被印刷了2 000本，并在残疾人联合会的帮助下赠送给了残疾人社区。
1．答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据文章第二段中的“Since he lives with his disabled grandparents，he understands that life can be hard for this group of people”可知，由于他和残疾的祖父母生活在一起，所以他明白残疾人生活的困难。
2．答案与解析：A 考查词义猜测。根据下文中的“so foreigners can also use it”可以推测出，这本书是双语的。
3．答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据文章倒数第二段中的“For example, he interviewed many disabled people to get first hand materials.He also studied textbooks from different schools for the disabled”和最后一段中的“I visited three local companies...give me a hand”可知，A、C、D三项都是彭拜尔作出的努力，故选B项。
4．答案与解析：C 考查推理判断。根据文章第二段中的“Peng decided to write the book because he wanted to create a better life for disabled people in China”和文章第五段中的“With the help of the Disabled Persons' Federation, he gave them to the disabled community”可知，彭拜尔写这本书的原因是他想为中国的残疾人创造更好的生活，并且他将书赠送给了残疾人社区，从而可以推断出彭拜尔善良并乐于助人。
B
【语篇解读】 文章主要介绍了享誉世界的20世纪最后的现代主义建筑大师贝聿铭的生平事迹。
5．答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据第二段的最后一句“His glass pyramid outside the Louvre, completed in 1989, is now one of Paris' most famous landmarks”可知，贝聿铭在他的设计中使用了玻璃。故选C项。
6．答案与解析：B 考查推理判断。根据最后一段倒数第二句“He used his $100，000 prize money to start a scholarship fund for Chinese students to study architecture in America”可知，贝聿铭是非常慷慨大方的；根据文章最后一句“In person, Pei was always neatly dressed，good tempered, charming and unusually modest”可知，贝聿铭很谦虚。故选B项。
7．答案与解析：A 考查主旨大意。根据文章第一段第一句“Ieoh Ming Pei, one of the last great modernist architects (建筑师), has died aged 102”以及全文所介绍的贝聿铭的生平事迹可知，A选项作为标题最佳。
Ⅱ.七选五
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。学校暴力事件日渐增多，在遇到这种行为的时候该怎么做呢？作者提出了几点建议。
1．答案与解析：C 根据上文中的“You should know what to do if you are in a fight, or see a fight at school”可知，在学校里，打架斗殴这种暴力事件日益增加，你应该了解怎么做，而且下面几个段落讲的是具体的建议，C项“有一些保护你自己的方法”起到了承上启下的作用。
2．答案与解析：E E项中的“Loud voice”与前面的“loudly say ‘stop’ before walking away”中的loudly以及后面一句话中的cry呼应。故选E项。
3．答案与解析：G 下文讲无论是谁先开始暴力行为的，任何参与的人都会受到惩罚，因此G项“打架，即使是为了自卫，应当永远是下下策”符合本段内容。
4．答案与解析：F 空后面的“It's a good choice to find an adult or call the police. Shout loudly to break up the fight or warn that an adult is coming”是具体的行动，这里应当是说如果校园里发生了打架事件，你是可以做些什么的。故选F。
5．答案与解析：A 结合后面的“It only provides temporary relief for the attacker and causes more trouble”可知，暴力永远不会解决问题，故选A项。
课时作业(九)
阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。艺术面前人人平等，艺术评论没有对错，所以在欣赏艺术作品时对自己要有信心。
1．答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据第一段第一句“Even though a lot of art galleries and museums are free in the UK, many people seldom visit them for fear that they couldn't understand the art on display”可知，在英国很多人很少去参观美术馆和博物馆是因为他们在艺术作品面前不自信。故选B。
2．答案与解析：A 考查细节理解。根据第三段第一句中的“Ernst Gombrich believes that a viewer completes the artwork, and that part of an artwork's meaning comes from the person viewing it”可知，Ernst认为对艺术品的理解因人而异。故选A。
3．答案与解析：C 考查标题判断。通读全文可知，本文旨在告诉读者对艺术的理解没有对错之分，欣赏艺术作品时要对自己有信心，并给出了欣赏作品时的建议，所以C项符合文意。故选C。
4．答案与解析：B 考查推理判断。通读全文可知，本文全篇内容都与欣赏艺术作品有关，因此最有可能在艺术杂志上看到这篇文章。故选B项。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。介绍了处于10岁至12岁这个年龄段的少年的特点、处境、价值观和兴趣爱好等。
5．答案与解析：D 考查细节理解。根据第二段前三句“The tween years are hard for... to succeed and fit in”可知，10岁至12岁这个年龄段对孩子们来说是艰难的。因为他们要处理的事情有很多，他们不得不面对不断改变的关系、中学以及成功和适应周围环境的巨大压力。difficult与文中的hard同义。故选D。
6．答案与解析：A 考查词义猜测。根据第二段倒数第二句“They may become angry over seemingly small things”可知，10岁至12岁的少年可能因为某些小事就生气。紧接着下文便举了一些例子论证这一观点。set sb.off在此处表达的意思与angry相近，即“使某人生气”，所以可用A项代替。
7．答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据第四段第一句“Right now，tweens' friends are everything to them”可知，对于10岁至12岁的少年来说，友谊是至关重要的。
8．答案与解析：B 考查推理判断。通读全文可知，本篇文章主要介绍了10岁至12岁的少年所具有的特点，并讲述了他们面临的压力以及秉持的价值观等。由此可推知，此类文章最有可能出现在教育杂志上。
C
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要探讨了诈骗犯如何利用高科技手段来精准诈骗，旨在让人们意识到新兴科技成果对人们生活的影响有好有坏。
9．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据第一段第四、五句Unfortunately，it's too little，too late.By the time these “solutions”become widely available, scammers will have moved onto cleverer means.中作者的语气可以推断出，作者认为“我们”应对诈骗犯的措施太少、太不及时，因此作者的态度应是失望的。故选D项。
10．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句至第四句的内容可知，诈骗犯可以利用新技术来获取极其私人的信息，从而精确地锁定诈骗对象。故选A项。
11．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。本文主要讲述的是随着科技的发展出现了大量高科技诈骗。由此可以推知，现代人既享受到了科技的便利，也承担了科技带来的弊端。文章暗示科技就是一把双刃剑，有利有弊。故选B项。
12．答案与解析：C 主旨大意题。本文详细阐述了诈骗犯如何利用数据侵入和声音处理等高科技手段来获取受害人的详细信息，然后进行精准诈骗。由此可知，Why Robocalls Are About to Get More Dangerous适合作为本文的标题，故选C项。
课时作业(十)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了未来人们在火星上的生活是什么样子的。
1．答案与解析：B 考查推理判断。结合第三段中的“It shows a house built with recycled spacecraft (航天器) parts and Martian soil，called regolith, which has been microwaved into bricks”可知，房屋的设计显示了环境保护的理念。
2．答案与解析：A 考查词义猜测。结合画线词前面的“Keep working Get more exercise Or learn something new”可知，这是一些退休后的具体打算，同时根据画线词后面的“you might have to move further than you were thinking”可知，画线词表示推迟这些打算，因此选A。
3．答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。结合最后一段中的“The private companies' participation has forced government agencies to speed up their game”可知，私人公司的参与迫使政府机构积极起来。
4．答案与解析：D 考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的“the first ever Mars show home, giving earthlings (地球人) an idea of what their life could look like on the Red Planet”和下面几个段落的内容可知，本篇文章主要讲述了未来在火星上居住是什么情况，因此选D。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。三月的芝加哥非常寒冷，但有一群人却为了一项公益活动毫不犹豫地纵身跃入密歇根湖冰冷的湖水中。
5．答案与解析：D 考查细节理解。由第二段中的“Each of the participants (参与者)...the chance to jump into the lake's icy water”可知，如果人们想获得参与机会，必须从朋友和家人那里筹集至少200美元。
6．答案与解析：B 考查推理判断。由第五段中的“was shaking when she got out of the water...and my shoes are filled with water”可知，她从水里出来之后，全身发抖，手脚冻得没有了知觉，鞋子里也灌满了水。由此可推断出，跳入冰冷的水中对她来说具有挑战性。
7．答案与解析：A 考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“My cousin has benefited from the Special Olympics, so my family and I are here to support him by plunging”可知，Brandon Marty来参加活动是为了以示支持。
8．答案与解析：C 考查主旨大意。综合全文可知，本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了2018年的芝加哥极地跳水活动，对这项活动进行了简单介绍，描述了当天的气温以及人们的参与情况等，同时也描述了部分参与者参加活动的初衷和感受。
Ⅱ.完形填空
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己体验了没有科技的一天，虽然最后失败了，但是作者感悟到这些设备确实使我们的生活变得更容易，不建议彻底屏蔽它们，但是，不对科技太依赖的话，现在青少年的生活会有明显的不同。
1．答案与解析：A 考查动词辨析。try尝试，试图；pretend假装；refuse拒绝；decide决定。句意：早上我试图睁开眼睛。作者试图(try)睁开眼睛，B、C和D不符合语境，故选A。
2．答案与解析：D 考查名词辨析。expectation期望；exploration探索；experience经验；experiment实验。句意：很快，我意识到今天是我实验的日子：没有科技的一天。此处对应下文This experiment was actually中的experiment，故选D。
3．答案与解析：B 考查名词辨析。doubt怀疑；silence安静；surprise吃惊；excitement兴奋。句意：直到我安安静静地开车去学校的时候，我才意识到自己处于什么境况中，没有收音机播放我最喜欢的歌曲。由下文no radio broadcasting my favorite songs 可知车里很安静 (in silence)，故选B。
4．答案与解析：D 考查固定词组辨析。(be) interested in对……感兴趣；(be) annoyed with烦恼……；(be) impatient with对……不耐烦；(be) used to习惯于。句意：在学校的一天逐渐过去，我最终适应了这个规则。此处的rule指的是不能用科技，作者经过一天的适应，逐渐习惯(used to)了没有科技，其他选项不符合语境，故选D。
5．答案与解析：A 考查形容词辨析。hard困难的；easy容易的；strange奇怪的；comfortable舒服的。句意：这并不难！由下一句“I could do this every day.”可知作者认为此事并不难(hard)，故选A。
6．答案与解析：C 考查名词辨析。rule规则；plan计划；mind脑海，思维；role角色。句意：放学后我开车回家，我的思维最终进入了放学模式，专注于(想)晚上吃什么。此处是作者脑海(mind)里想的，故选C。
7．答案与解析：B 考查固定词组辨析。agree on就……取得一致意见；concentrate on注意力集中于……；count on指望；depend on依赖。句意：放学后我开车回家，我的思维最终进入了放学模式，专注于(想)晚上吃什么。此处作者集中注意力(concentrate on)想这些事。故选B。
8．答案与解析：D one一；first第一；last最后；next下一个。句意：我知道接下来，我和朋友在脸书上聊天，查看邮件……接下来的安排用next最符合语境，故选D。
9．答案与解析：D 考查名词辨析。homework家庭作业；control控制；pressure压力；technology科技。句意：没有科技会怎么样啊？此处对应上文“A day without technology.”，故选D。
10．答案与解析：C 考查动词辨析。improve提高；start开始；fail失败；finish完成。句意：我失败了。此处对应下文“Even though my attempt at going about my day without technology was a failure...”中的failure，故选C。
11．答案与解析：C 考查形容词辨析。available可获得的；convenient方便的；beneficial有益的；avoidable可避免的。句意：我实际上从这个实验中受益了。由下文可知作者认为摆脱科技产品，我们能从中受益(beneficial)，故选C。
12．答案与解析：A 考查形容词辨析。fine好的；terrible可怕的；creative创造性的；successful成功的。句意：我意识到不沉溺于科技产品对我而言是完全可以的。此处指的是作者没有科技是可以的(fine)，故选A。
13．答案与解析：B 考查形容词辨析。troublesome麻烦的；easier更简单；difficult困难的；complex复杂的。句意：这些设备确实使我的生活变得更容易，我不建议彻底屏蔽它们，但是，我真的相信不对科技太依赖的话，当代青少年的生活会很明显不同。此处作者想说这些科技给我的生活带来了便利，故选B。
14．答案与解析：A 考查动词辨析。suggest建议；mind介意；practice练习；prevent阻止。 句意：这些设备确实使我的生活变得更容易，我不建议彻底屏蔽它们，但是，我真的相信不对科技太依赖的话，当代青少年的生活会很明显不同。此处作者不建议(suggest)彻底摒弃科技，故选A。
15．答案与解析：D 考查形容词辨析。boring令人厌烦的；complicated复杂的；difficult困难的；different不同的。句意：这些设备确实使我的生活变得更容易，我不建议彻底屏蔽它们，但是，我真的相信不对科技太依赖的话，当代青少年的生活会很明显不同。上文讲了没有了科技，生活会发生一些改变，所以此处选择different。故选D。
课时作业(十一)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项发明，发明者将能够“听”雨的传感器放入雨伞内，这样这把伞就可以测量降雨量了。
1．答案与解析：B 考查写作目的。根据全文内容尤其是第一段中的“A researcher in the Netherlands has designed a simple sensor (传感器) that ‘listens'to rain”可知，文章主要介绍了一项发明，发明者将能够“听”雨的传感器放入雨伞内，这样这把伞就可以测量降雨量了。
2．答案与解析：C 考查词义猜测。由第一段中的“that sensor can turn an umbrella into a rain measuring expert”可知，这个传感器能将雨伞变成一个测量降雨量的专家，也就是说这样的工具能帮助人们测量天气。故应选C项。
3．答案与解析：D 考查细节理解。由第四段中的“A host of big buildings can change how air and rain move during a storm”可知，在城市中，大片的高楼能够改变空气和雨的活动。这也就是官方的天气预报站难以精确地测量城市中的降雨量的原因。
4．答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。由文章最后一句可知，Hut将会改善传感器使其更精准，故C项正确。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。研究者的目的在于探索一天走多少步更有益于健康。研究者通过对大约17 000位老年女性运动步数的研究了解到，运动有利于人们的健康和长寿，并且轻量运动比人们之前认为的对人的身体更有益处。
5．答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。由文章第一段中的“In fact，the idea of walking at least 10，000 steps a day for health goes back many years to a marketing campaign started in Japan for the sale of pedometers (计步器)”可知，为了健康每天至少走10 000步的想法可以追溯到多年前日本开始的一项销售计步器的营销活动。由此说明一天至少走10 000步的概念来自广告。故选C项。
6．答案与解析：B 考查推理判断。由第三段中的“It turns out that women who took about 4，000 steps per day got an increase in longevity (长寿), compared with women who took fewer steps”和第四段中的“women who walked more than 7，500 steps per day saw no additional increase in longevity”可知，实验结果表明，每天走大约4 000步的女性比每天走更少步的女性寿命更长，而每天步行超过7 500步的女性其寿命并没有增加。故选B项。
7．答案与解析：A 考查推理判断。本文主要介绍了人们每天走的步数与健康和长寿的关系，因此最有可能出现在有关身体健康的报纸栏目上。故选A项。
Ⅱ.七选五
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。介绍了雷暴的危害以及几条关于减少雷暴伤害的安全措施。
1．答案与解析：F 空处承接上文，根据空前的“In the spring and summer months，thunderstorms are common”可知，在春季和夏季，雷暴是常见的。综合选项可知，F项“因为雷暴时常发生，所以一些人并不重视”入选。F项中的“happen often”照应上文中的“common”。
2．答案与解析：D 由上文中的“but nearly 1，800 thunderstorms are happening at any moment around the world”可知，但是世界上随时都有将近1 800次雷暴发生。而空后及接下来的内容是应对雷暴天气的安全措施，故空处要介绍的是雷暴对人类造成的危害，故D选项入选。
3．答案与解析：G 空处承上启下，根据下文中介绍减少雷暴伤害的安全措施可知，本空引出下文中的措施，故G项“但是通过遵守以下这些安全条例，你可以降低(被闪电击中的)可能性”入选。
4．答案与解析：E 根据“Never use the phone”可知，在雷暴天气时，你在屋内不能用电话，故接下来要说用电话带来的危害。故E项符合语境。
5．答案与解析：B 根据空后的“If there's no building around，try to find a low place to stay in”可知，如果附近没有建筑，那就找个低矮的地方，待在那里。分析选项可知B项承接下文，告诉我们在室外遭受雷暴时，要马上进入附近的建筑内。故选B。
课时作业(十二)
阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了陕西兵马俑的独特之处、最佳参观时间和旅行方式。
1．答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据What's special？部分中的“Each warrior is made of clay”可知，兵马俑是由黏土做成的。故选B项。
2．答案与解析：D 考查细节理解。根据The best time to visit部分中的“Weather in winter is dry，cold and the least comfortable，and it's also the worst season for air quality，but it's also low season”可知，冬季是去兵马俑旅游的淡季，不拥挤。故选D项。
3．答案与解析：A 考查细节理解。根据Travel style：private，group or independent？部分中的“A private tour means a lot of flexibility (灵活性)，and you will be well taken care of by a private guide and a driver”以及另外两种方式的介绍可知，私人行意味着灵活性很大，私人导游和司机会精心照顾你，因此麻烦最少。故选A项。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。Hey Jude这首歌是披头士乐队非常受欢迎的歌曲，McCartney创作这首歌是为了抚慰John Lennon的儿子Julian Lennon。
4．答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Hey Jude is the Beatles song most likely to be sung by a choir of thousands”和第二段中的“It's a very popular song...younger music lovers most want to hear”可知，Hey Jude是披头士乐队非常受欢迎的歌曲。故选C。
5．答案与解析：A 考查推理判断。由第三段内容，尤其是“Hey Jude began as Hey Julian，like an arm around the shoulder of the five year old boy, Julian Lennon”可推知，McCartney写Hey Jude是为了安慰Julian。故选A。
6．答案与解析：C 考查推理判断。由第三段中的“when he was driving from London to Surrey to see Julian Lennon after his father John Lennon had left him for Yoko Ono, a Japanese singer and songwriter”可知，McCartney是一个热心肠的人。再结合文中提到的McCartney创作的Hey Jude是披头士乐队非常受欢迎的歌曲可推知，McCartney具有创造力。故选C。
7．答案与解析：D 考查主旨大意。通读全文，尤其是由第二段“It's a very popular song”和“What is its secret”可知，这篇文章讲述的是Hey Jude这首歌背后的创作故事。故选D。
C
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。作者认为：有伟大成就的人和平庸的人的区别在于两种品质——好奇心和不满足，二者缺一不可。文章围绕此论点展开，旨在告诉读者，我们天生就具备好奇心和不满足的品质，需要的只是唤醒它们。本文体现了新课标立德树人的理念。
8．答案与解析：D 写作意图题。本文是一篇议论文，作者开篇明义，阐述了自己对成功人士必备品质的看法，下面各段都是围绕着这一看法展开的，故选D项“提出论点”。A项意为“提出定义”，B项意为“做比较”，C项意为“得出结论”，均不符合文意。
9．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可知，作者认为，好奇心和不满足是取得成就的内驱力，比雄心抱负重要得多，然后给出伽利略的例子来论证这一观点。D项“伟大来自对探索的持久渴望”与这一观点一致，注意D项中的desire与第二段第一句中的urges是同义替换。第二段最后一句也可印证答案。
10．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“‘The great man，’said Mencius，‘is he who does not lose his child's heart.’Yet most of us do lose it.We stop asking questions.We stop challenging custom.We just follow the crowd.”可知，作者认为我们大部分人都失去了童心，不再问问题，不再挑战习俗，只是随大流。由此可知，可以通过培养善于问问题的头脑来重新获得好奇心和不满足的品质。
11．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。浏览第六、七段可知，作者通过一系列实例告诉我们，缺乏天赋和时间不是不采取行动的理由。
12．答案与解析：C 主旨大意题。浏览全文可知，文章主要论述了好奇心和不满足是取得成就的必备品质，二者缺一不可，全文围绕此论点展开，故C项“成功的关键”最适合作为文章标题。A项“好奇的人永远不会感到满足”、B项“对人性的反思”和D项“活到老，学到老”均不符合文意。
单元过关测试卷(一)
第一部分
听力材料
(Text 1)
M：What are you doing in New York
W：I'm writing a story for YES magazine.
(Text 2)
M：Sarah, I would like to introduce my teacher Miss Smith to you. Shall we go and see her now
W: Good. Let's go.
(Text 3)
M：What do you like about your job
W：Well，it was fun at first because there was so much to learn. But now，I keep doing the same things day after day. I'm fed up with my job.
(Text 4)
M：Miss Green, my friend David is a very good football player and he has played it for years. Will you come and watch him play some day
W：Yes, I will. Thank you. I like watching football games.
(Text 5)
M：It's freezing now here. There won't be another car for hours. I should stay at home.
W：Don't worry. We should see the sun come up in half an hour.
(Text 6)
M：“Deep Sea Restaurant”. Head Waiter. Good morning.
W：I'd like to reserve a table for five.
M：And is that today, madam
W：Of course.
M：At what time, madam
W：Oh, about three o'clock, I suppose.
M：I'm afraid we only serve lunch until 3 p．m., madam.
W：Oh well, two o'clock then, and it must be by a window.
M：Very good, and what name, please
W：Brown, Mrs. Martha Brown.
M：Very good, Mrs. Brown. A table for five at 2 p．m. today.
(Text 7)
M：Good evening，sir，madam. A table for two
W：No, thank you. But we have a small problem. Can you help us
M：Sure. What can I do for you
W：We are looking for a hotel. Are there any hotels near here
M：Yes，there are some hotels in this street. The nearest one is next to the bank. It's quite modern.
W：Do you think there're any inexpensive ones nearby We're leaving tomorrow morning.
M：Yes. Drive west for about two minutes and you will find a gray building on the right side. It's a family hotel, very comfortable, and the prices are quite reasonable.
W：It sounds nice. Thank you very much for your help.
M：That's all right.
(Text 8)
W：May I help you, sir
M：Yes. I'm looking for a nice gift for my wife. It's her birthday tomorrow.
W：Perhaps she would like a nice necklace. We have many for you to choose from.
M：I don't know. She's already got one.
W：Well，then，maybe a ring or a watch would be nice.
M：Yes. She may need a new watch. The one she's wearing was passed down from her grandmother. So she's always late for work.
W：The gold one is pretty.
M：Yes，it is. But are these diamonds real
W：Yes，they are. This watch usually costs $ 2，500. But if you buy it now，I can give you 10% off.
M：It's very nice. I'll take it. Do you accept credit cards or checks
W：Both will do.
(Text 9)
W：Good morning，Mr. Sharp. I'm awfully sorry I'm late.
M：You're late every morning, Miss Smith. You were late Tuesday, yesterday... Don't you have a watch
W：Yes，but it wasn't my fault. I stood in the rain for an hour this morning. I waited and waited for a bus. And then when one came, it was full.
M：How about yesterday and the day before yesterday
W：Well, I came by taxi yesterday and...
M：And you were still late! And Tuesday
W：Tuesday I went to see the doctor and I waited for my turn for almost two hours. It was terrible!
M：And tomorrow, Miss Smith
(Text 10)
An important businessman was asked to give a twenty－minute speech in another city. He was too busy to write it himself, so he asked his secretary to put one together for him out of a large book of speeches which she had on her desk. She typed one out for him, and he picked it just in time to rush off to his plane. But when he gave his speech, it ran on for an hour，and the audience was bored by the end of it. When the businessman got back to his office，he complained to his secretary about this. “I told you it should be a twenty－minute speech，” he said to her angrily.“That's what I gave you，” she answered，“the original and the two copies. The original for you to read at the meeting and the two copies for the file.”
答案：1～5 AAABC 6～10 BACCB
11～15 CBBAC 16～20 ABBAC
第二部分
第一节
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了不同国家的4个关于野生动物探险的旅游。
21．答案与解析：C'细节理解题。根据文章中第一段“Madagascar is the land of the lemurs. Join us and we'll guide you through Madagascar, which is the only country where you can experience unforgetable lemur chance meetings in the wild.”可知Madagascar是狐猴之乡。故选C。
22．答案与解析：A'细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“Orcas have very close knit families and normally will stay throughout their lifetime.”可知，虎鲸的特别之处在于它们喜欢亲密的家庭关系。故选A。
23．答案与解析：C'推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，作者为读者介绍了不同的国家的4个关于野生动物探险的旅游，以及每段旅程的特点和联系方式。所以，作者写本文的目的是吸引读者关注这些野外探险之旅，进而参加这些旅行。故选C。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。由于水坝控制水流，科罗拉多河河口三角洲已经变得干涸。最近一项计划使该河三角洲恢复生机，这一事件引发了人们对可持续发展的思考。
24．答案与解析：B'考查推理判断。通过文章的前两段，尤其是第二段中的“As a result...the delta (三角洲) at the river's mouth has become dry and poor”可知，由于没有了水的流入，科罗拉多河河口三角洲已经变得干涸和贫穷，故可推知此三角洲正在消失。故选B项。
25．答案与解析：A'考查细节理解。由第四段中的“These lakes can store four times the river's yearly flow. ‘The lakes are like the river basin's bank accounts...save up water for not so rainy days”可知，这些湖泊就像河流流域的“银行账户”一样可以存储大量的水。故选A项。
26．答案与解析：D 考查推理判断。由最后一段的内容，尤其是“The project serves as a model of how to manage rivers sustainably (可持续地) for both people and nature”可知，该项目为如何可持续地管理河流以使其同时服务于人与自然树立了榜样。由此可推知，发展(经济)的同时也要保护环境。故选D项。
27．答案与解析：C'考查主旨大意。由于水坝控制水流，科罗拉多河河口三角洲变得干涸。最近工程师开启堤坝，让三角洲恢复了生机。故C项“一个让科罗拉多河河口三角洲恢复生机的项目”符合题意。故选C项。
C
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍雪豹管理局虽然安装了摄像机拍摄雪豹的照片，以获知如今有多少濒危的雪豹，但一直未成功，于是他们找猎人帮助，猎人因此换枪支为摄像机，不再捕杀雪豹，因此，雪豹的数量一直在增加。
28．答案与解析：B'推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Snow leopards are so hard to photograph that scientists aren't even sure how many of these endangered animals still live in the wild.”可知因为是濒危动物，数量非常少，很难拍摄到雪豹的照片。故选B。
29．答案与解析：D'细节理解题。根据文章第四段“In 2013, Russian naturalist Sergei Spitsyn approached Mergen Markov, a local hunter, and told him his project. Markov agreed to set up the camera where he knew he would find leopards, and it worked.”可知Sergei Spitsyn告知Markov他的项目，Markov同意为Sergei Spitsyn的组织(SLC)工作，帮助他们拍摄雪豹的照片。故选D。
30．答案与解析：A'细节理解题。根据文章第六段中“The World Wildlife Fund (WWF) began working with other local villagers in 2015. The village would be paid 40，000 rubles at the end of the year if the image of a snow leopard is caught.”可知WWF同当地村民合作就是为了获取雪豹的图像。故选A。
31．答案与解析：C'推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Changing guns for cameras has made a big difference in the lives of these former poachers, the village, and the Russian snow leopards. The number of snow leopards has been rising and their population is expected to recover to normal levels within 10 years.”可知，对于雪豹，科学家不仅拍摄到了雪豹的照片，而且雪豹的数量也不断增加，并在10年内有望恢复到正常的水平；而对于猎人和村民等，他们的生活方式也发生了很大变化。故选C。Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧； Curiosity kills the cat. 好奇心害死猫； Kill two birds with one stone. 一石二鸟； Old habits die hard. 旧习难改。
D
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了死海在近年来水位降低，逐渐干涸的现象，以及周边国家采取的一些补救措施。
32．答案与解析：C'细节理解题。根据文章第三段“‘It's not just like one country is punishing the Dead Sea; it's more like the whole region，’ said photographer Moritz Küstner, who visited the area in February to work on his series ‘The Dying Dead Sea’．”可知摄影师Moritz Küstner到死海是为The Dying Dead Sea(濒临消失的死海)系列拍摄。故选C。
33．答案与解析：D'细节理解题。根据文章第七段“Israel and Jordan have signed a $900 million deal in an effort to stabilize the Dead Sea's water levels.”可知以色列和约旦签订了条约以保护死海的水位，而不是破坏死海。故选D。
34．答案与解析：A'细节理解题。根据文章第八段“It involves building a canal from the Red Sea to the Dead Sea so that both countries would be able to not only supply water to Israel and Jordan but also to pump much needed water—some 300 million cubic meters annually—into the Dead Sea.”可知他们修建了一条从红海通往死海的运河，每年可以用管道把水输送到死海。故选A。
35．答案与解析：A'主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，本文讲述了死海在近年来水位降低，逐渐干涸的现象，并分析了其原因以及周边国家采取的一些补救措施。故选A。
第二节
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。在过去的70年里，中国在环境保护方面取得了很大的进步，保护野生动物无疑是重要的一部分。文章主要介绍了中国在保护两种野生动物方面取得的成功，以及今后中国将继续加强野生动物保护。
36．答案与解析：B'根据空前的“China has made great improvements in environmental protection during the past 70 years”可知，在过去的70年里，中国在环境保护方面取得了很大的进步。再根据空后的“Each species on Earth has a role to play in the ecosystem”可知，地球上的每一个物种都在生态系统中扮演着各自的角色。结合选项可知，B项“保护野生动物无疑是重要的一部分”承上启下，使文章过渡自然。
37．答案与解析：G'根据空前一句可知，近几十年来，中央政府开展了一系列的野生动物保护运动。再根据空后一句可知，空处应该说的是这一运动取得的成就，故选G项。G项中的methods与空前的movements相照应。
38．答案与解析：E'根据空后的“By the end of 2018, seven of the nine pandas released had survived in the wild”可知E项符合题意。E项中的“release them into the wild”与空后的“seven of the nine pandas released”相照应。
39．答案与解析：A'空后一句讲“1981年在陕西省洋县发现了7只朱鹮”，故A项“另一物种曾一度被认为几乎灭绝”符合题意。A项中的Another species指的就是crested ibises。
40．答案与解析：C'根据空后内容可知，本段讲述中国将会继续为野生动物的保护作出努力，故选C项。
第三部分
第一节
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了南希从小失聪，但是这并没有阻止她成为一个想要与人沟通的外向的孩子。她尝试用手语和周围的人交流，但是大家都听不懂。于是社区里的邻居们请了一位老师来教他们手语，手语老师也赞同这是一个很了不起的举动。因为有爱，这些邻居们真正地将这个社区变成了一个大家庭。
41．答案与解析：C'根据下文little girl trying to“chat”to anyone she meets可知，失聪并没有阻止南希成为一个想要与人沟通的外向的小女孩，故选C项。
42．答案与解析：A'根据下文中的sign language可知，她开始用手语与人交流。sign在此处作动词，意为“打手势”。故选A项。
43．答案与解析：B'句意为：正常情况下，对于那些不知道如何使用手语的人来说，听力丧失是一种社交障碍。barrier意为“障碍”，符合语境，且与第三段第二句中的barrier呼应。故选B项。
44．答案与解析：C'根据下文felt so sorry可知，任何一个南希试图与之交谈的人都意识到了这一点。realise意为“认识到”。故选C项。
45．答案与解析：D'根据下文say something back可知，他们希望他们能够明白南希手语的意思，故选D项。
46．答案与解析：B'根据语境可知，此处表示这道屏障并没有造成隔离，反而把社区团结在了一起。设空处与下文的brought the community together形成对比。故选B项。
47．答案与解析：B'根据下文so that they could talk to Nancy可知，他们决心要学会手语来与南希沟通。故选B项。
48．答案与解析：D'根据上文the community及54题后的to their neighbours可知，是在南希居住的社区中，她的邻居们请了一位老师。故选D项。
49．答案与解析：C'根据语境可知，此处表示老师承认这真的很了不起。故选C项。
50．答案与解析：D'根据上文可知，南希社区里的居民为了和她交流而学习手语，这是一个美好的故事。故选D项。
51．答案与解析：C'根据语境可知，此处表示老师还说这种程度的包容和认同会对南希的生活产生巨大的影响。故选C项。
52．答案与解析：A'根据 It almost certainly guarantees that she will be a happier以及上文的描述可知，此处表示邻居们的暖心之举一定会让她将来成为一个更快乐、更能适应环境的人。故选A项。
53．答案与解析：D'根据语境可知，此处表示南希的父母已经注意到他们女儿的变化(不同之处)了。故选D项。
54．答案与解析：B'根据上文邻居们对他们的帮助可知，此处表示他们无法用言语来表达对邻居们的感激之情。故选B项。
55．答案与解析：A'根据语境可知，此处表示邻居们真正地把这个社区变成了一个大家庭。故选A项。
第二节
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了哈尔滨国际冰雪节。
56．答案与解析：has become 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：目前，它已经成为世界上最大的冬季节日。“so far”表明用现在完成时，主语为It，故填has become。
57．答案与解析：What 考查主语从句。句意：这一节日的特别之处在于其大规模的雕塑以及美丽的灯光。此处为主语从句，从句中缺少主语，且表示“……的事物”，故填What。
58．答案与解析：competition 考查名词。此处表示但现在它是一个国际性的节日和比赛。空处与festival并列，故填名词competition。
59．答案与解析：increasing 考查非谓语动词。句意：随着节日的发展，雪雕和冰雕建筑展品的尺寸也不断变大。keep doing表示“继续/持续做”，故填increasing。
60．答案与解析：astonishing 考查形容词。此处表示制作这些展品的工作是令人惊讶的。空处作表语修饰物，用 ing结尾的形容词，表示“令人……的”，故填astonishing。
61．答案与解析：officially 考查副词。句意：这个节日正式的举办时间是从12月底至2月。空处修饰动词应用副词，故填officially。
62．答案与解析：on/upon 考查介词。此处表示结束日期在一定程度上取决于天气。depend on/upon表示“依靠，取决于”，故填on/upon。
63．答案与解析：are loved 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：1 000多件冰雕作品被展出，如受孩子们喜爱的冰灯笼、魔法人物以及动物等。文章基础时态为一般现在时；空处在that引导的定语从句中作谓语，that指代“ice lanterns, magical figures and animals”，与love之间是动宾关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，故填are loved。
64．答案与解析：aimed 考查非谓语动词。句意：它主要是一个面向儿童的冰世界。“an ice world”与aim之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填aimed。
65．答案与解析：the 考查冠词。此处表示请参加这个极棒的节日。此处特指哈尔滨国际冰雪节，故填the。
第四部分
第一节
参考范文：
We can help protect the environment
Recent years, for various reasons, our living environment has been polluted worse and worse. Then as students, what can we do to protect our environment First of all, we should save energy, like turning off anything that uses electricity when it's not in use. Secondly, we should plant trees, which play an important role in making the air clean. Thirdly, we'd better recycle whatever we can. Lastly, we may as well walk or cycle to school, which won't cause air pollution. If we want to drink clean water and breathe clean air, now we must take action together to protect our living environment.
第二节
参考范文：
Not long after his driving, he saw the boy who got the flowers just now. Jason stopped his car and wanted to offer the boy a lift to his home. The boy thanked Jason but didn't speak for a while, and then he sighed, “I don't go home now. I am going to the place where my mum is.” Seeing Jason was a little puzzled, the boy continued in a sad voice, “She died months ago, leaving me alone. How regretful I am that I didn't stay with her enough when she was alive! I was always putting myself in the first place. And now, I want to be with her, but nowhere can I find her.”
Jason stood there in silence. The boy's words reminded him of his mother. He loved her so much, but he didn't see her for a long time. Thinking of that, he turned the car and drove quickly towards the flower shop. He asked the girl to give the flowers to him because he wanted to go to his mother's home right away. He couldn't wait to see her!
单元过关测试卷(二)
第一部分
听力材料
(Text 1)
W：When do you think I can go home，Dr Smith
M：Well，you came in on Monday and today is Friday. I'd say that you could probably leave tomorrow, but I don't want you to go back to work for several weeks.
(Text 2)
M：I think I'll go to see the movie tonight instead of working on my paper.“True Lies” is on at the Capital Cinema.
W：I wouldn't do that if I were you.
(Text 3)
W ：What's the matter with you, Harry
M：There's something wrong with my stomach. I feel terrible.
(Text 4)
M：I've been coughing for some time. Do you think it serious
W：Your illness was caused by smoking. You'd better give it up.
(Text 5)
M: I have an appointment to see Dr Green for a physical examination.
W：Please have a rest. She's doing an operation right now.
(Text 6)
M：Which diet is healthier，the Chinese diet or the diet of any other country
W：The Chinese diet is considered to be healthier than that of any other country.
M：Why
W：Because the Chinese diet contains a lot of fruit and green vegetables. It is also low in fat.
M：Why do lots of Chinese people have healthy teeth
W：That's because they eat less sugar.
M：What do you think we should do if we want to be healthy
W：We should have a healthy diet and take plenty of exercise.
M：Hmm，there is something in what you have said.
(Text 7)
W：Here is the wine list，Mike.
M：I would like some wine.
W：Yes What will it be
M：I hate to admit this. I really don't know too much about wine.
W：May I make a suggestion
M：Yes, of course.
W：Why don't you ask the waiter for advice
M：That will be OK as long as it isn't too expensive.
(Text 8)
W：Good morning, sir. Welcome to our restaurant.
M：Good morning.
W：How many persons, please
M：A table for three, please.
W：I'm afraid all our tables are taken, sir. Would you mind waiting until one is free
M：Well，how long will it take
W：I'm not sure，sir. If you are in a hurry，we also serve breakfast at the Coffee Shop.
M：That's too much trouble. I'll wait.
W：May I have your name，please
M：Yes, it's Anderson.
W：Mr. Anderson. Thank you. Could you take a seat over there I will call you when a table is free.
M：Fine. Please don't forget.
W：I won't, sir.
(Text 9)
M：Good morning，Dr Nand's office. May I help you
W：Yes，I'd like to make an appointment.
M：All right. Have you seen the doctor before
W：Yes，about three weeks ago.
M：What's the problem
W：I have a bad cough.
M：I see. How about Thursday afternoon at three
W：That would be fine. Thank you.
M：Can you spell your name for me，please
W：Nancy, N－A－N－C－Y, Nancy.
M：OK. We'll see you Thursday afternoon.
(Text 10)
Your body, which has close relations with the food you eat，is the most important thing you own，so it needs proper treatment and proper nourishment. The old saying “An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” is not as silly as some people think. The body needs fruit and vegetables because they contain vitamin C. Most people take extra vitamins in pill form, believing that these will make them healthy. But a good diet is made up of nourishing food and this gives all the vitamins you need. The body doesn't need or use extra vitamins, so why waste money on them
In the modern Western world, many people are too busy to bother about eating properly. They throw anything into their stomachs, eating hurriedly and carelessly. The list of illnesses caused or made worse by bad eating habits is frightening.
答案：1～5 ABCBB 6～10 ACAAC
11～15 BCBCC 16～20 BACCB
第二部分
第一节
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了地震发生的原因并结合实例说明不同程度的地震所带来的影响是不一样的。
21．答案与解析：D 段意概括题。由第一段内容可知本段主要讲述了地震是如何发生的；地球板块的相互碰撞导致压力不断聚集，直至板块破裂，这个过程会引起地面的移动，地震也随之发生。故D项正确，其余三项概括不完整。
22．答案与解析：C 词义猜测题。由下文对1906年地震的描述可知，火灾是地震发生后引起的，由此可以推断ensuing表示“因而发生的”，故C项正确。
23．答案与解析：B 写作意图题。本段第一句是主旨句。1972年地震发生，而15年后，该城的状况仍和当年地震发生一周后一样，表明地震带来的破坏可能会持续存在很长时间。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。一场暴风雨袭击了休斯敦，引发了强降雨和洪水。当地政府提醒人们注意安全，并建议人们待在家里。
24．答案与解析：C 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的A storm hit Houston, Texas, on Tuesday. It brought heavy rains and rising floodwaters.和第二段中的Certain areas around Houston were hit really hard.可知，这两段主要在描写强降雨导致休斯敦城市内洪水泛滥。故选C项。
25．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的It caused $125 billion worth of damage in Texas. In the Houston area, 36 people died and about 150，000 homes were flooded.可知，三年前席卷得克萨斯州的飓风哈维造成了人员伤亡和巨大的财产损失。故选B项。
26．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据第五段中的the Texas Gulf Coast will continue to experience heavy rain later in the week可知，这周的接下来几天强降雨还会继续，由此可推知洪水将会再次泛滥。故选D项。
27．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据最后一段塞缪尔所说的话As there is too much water on the ground, these are perfect conditions for flash floods, so we hope people are careful of what they're doing and encourage them to stay home.可知，他希望人们注意安全，并劝告人们待在家里。故选A项。
C
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一个名叫尼古拉斯的年轻人在外出滑雪时迷路了，但是凭借自己在求生节目看到的知识最后使得自己获救的故事。
28．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。由第一段中的“In the early afternoon, when he was planning to go home, a fierce snowstorm swept into the area. Unable to see far, he accidentally turned off the path.”可知，尼古拉斯迷路是由于遇上了暴雪。
29．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。由第三段中的“Using his skis, Nicholas built a snow cave. He gathered a huge mass of snow and dug out a hole in the middle. Then he piled branches on top of himself, like a blanket, to stay as warm as he could.”可知，尼古拉斯堆了一个雪洞，躲进里面以抵御严寒。
30．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Nicholas might not have survived this snowstorm had it not been for TV. He had often watched Grylls’ survival show Man vs. Wild. That's where he learned the tips that saved his life.”可知，尼古拉斯从格里尔斯的求生节目中学到了有用的知识，拯救了自己的性命。
31．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Nicholas had no idea where he was. He tried not to panic.”和第五段内容可知，尼古拉斯被困暴雪中，但是并没有惊慌，而是首先为自己堆了一个雪洞御寒，又多次外出寻求帮助，最终得救，这充分显示出尼古拉斯沉着和勇敢的性格。
D
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。地震发生之后，一位妈妈被埋在倒塌的房屋之下，她用身体保护了自己仅仅几个月大的孩子，并在手机上给他留言：我亲爱的宝贝，如果你能活着，不要忘了我是多么爱你。所有这一切都体现了母爱的伟大。
32．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。由第一段中的“...just looked strange because she was out of shape by pressure.”可知，这位母亲已经被倒塌的房子压得变了形，故选D。
33．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“He was in a deep sleep...”可知，这个婴儿在熟睡，故选B。
34．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。由第二、三段内容可知，营救人员通过废墟缝隙碰触她，朝她一遍一遍地喊话，用不同的工具敲打砖头，但都没有任何回答，于是他们走向下一栋楼。故B项正确。
35．答案与解析：D 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了在一次地震中，一位母亲为了救自己的孩子，让自己的身躯承受房屋倒塌的重量，同时还在手机上给孩子留了言。这些都反映了母爱的伟大。故选D。
第二节
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了为了预防像地震这样的自然灾害所造成的伤害和死亡，人们应该遵守的一些安全提示。
36．答案与解析：G 根据空前的句子“If you're inside a building, stay there! One of the most dangerous things to do in an earthquake is to try to leave a building.”可知G项正好有和上文相对应的关键词people inside buildings try to go out，故选G。
37．答案与解析：B 根据空后的描述可知本段主要讲的是如果你在外面，你就要到一个开阔的地方，所以B项能概括本段的意思。
38．答案与解析：D 因为D项有与本段上文相同的句式结构(Don't...)，且句意“不要把车停在树下或任何一个高的物体之下”既补全主题的其他细节，也能承接上文，所以D选项是正确的。
39．答案与解析：C 根据空前句子“Don't shout.”可知C项中有与它相对应的关键词“shouting”，且句意“大喊会使你吸入灰尘”正好承接上句。所以C选项是正确的。
40．答案与解析：F 根据空前本段的主题句“Be prepared for aftershocks.”和空后的描述可知F项正好是说明主题的细节，而且句意“它们可能在地震后的最初几个小时里发生”也能和空后的句子构成转折关系。所以F项能承接上下文。故选F。
第三部分
第一节
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇课时作业(七) Unit 3 Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
One side effect of globalization and the related phenomenon of greatly increased mobility (流动性) is that the__traditional__definition__of__“foreigner”__has__passed__its__“best before__date”．
Is a European who has lived in China longer than in his home country，becoming fluent in the language and knowing the culture well in the process，still a foreigner in China, or has he become more of a foreigner in his own hometown What about a Beijinger who had her schooling in Canada and then lived and worked there for another 20 years while raising a family who has no intention of returning to China Does she think and act like a foreigner What do we mean by this label (标签)
When I grew up in the suburbs of Chicago，the faces I would see during a walk through a local shopping mall back in the 1960s and 1970s included almost none of Asian descent (血统)．Today the local malls are full of Asian faces, and a glance at the ranks of top scoring students in local schools reveals lots of Asian surnames.
To some extent，this is no great surprise in the American context, because America is a land of immigrants, and a cultural melting pot. Apart from the native American Indians, Americans are (or were)，in some way，all foreigners anyway. Absorbing a large number of immigrants is an established pattern in American history.
In most places，the traditional foreigners were people who didn't speak or read the local languages well and were unfamiliar with local customs and lifestyles. But, nowadays, a foreigner walking down the street may have better SAT scores than you, or a higher degree from a better university.
The traditional role models are getting mixed up, and it looks like this is just the beginning of a new chapter.Today, the whole thing has totally changed. It's not about where people are from or what color their skins are. It's about who they are, what values and skills they bring, and how they think.
1．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 1 mean
A．The term “foreigner” should be redefined.
B．The term “foreigner” should no longer be used.
C．There are no more foreigners in the world today.
D．The term “foreigner” is not proper to define people.
2．What does the author tend to tell us by mentioning a European and a Beijinger
A．It's no longer proper to define foreigners according to their birthplaces.
B．The label of foreigners can never be removed.
C．Most foreigners can do well in learning languages.
D．It's impossible for a foreigner to get recognition abroad.
3．What can be inferred from the third paragraph
A．In 1960s and 1970s, Asians didn't shop in Chicago.
B．Today, more and more Asian travellers like to shop in Chicago.
C．There are more Asian people today than in the 1960s and 1970s in Chicago.
D．Most Asian students do well academically in the schools in Chicago.
4．What's the main idea of the passage
A．Globalization and mobility have caused more and more immigrants.
B．The standards of defining “foreigner” have thoroughly changed.
C.America is a cultural melting pot.
D．Immigration is a global social phenomenon.
B
Cameron Beck first started volunteering at the young age of 12. To his family, volunteering became part of life. The Becks would volunteer at the local food bank in California. Alongside his parents and sister, Cameron used to help select, organize, and pack food for the needy.
Today, Cameron spends every Saturday volunteering at Project Open Hand—a non profit organization that mainly provides meals for sick neighbors and seniors. And it also allows these people to shop in its store.
Cameron first heard about Project Open Hand when he was working on Polk Street. As he passed the store on his way to and from work each day, Cameron became eager to learn more, and allowed his curiosity to fuel his passion. Cameron quickly learned how Project Open Hand began with serving food to those living in San Francisco's Tenderloin neighborhood—a neighborhood many low income or disabled people live in.
“When I realized they had been doing this kind of work for long and it was providing extraordinary benefits for people in need—especially in the Tenderloin where fresh and quality food is hard to gain—I realized this was the organization I wanted to lend a hand to，” says Cameron.
Cameron really enjoys volunteering. “Through my day job, I serve the people in my city，” says Cameron. “Sometimes, it can cause feelings of isolation (孤独), so volunteering really helps bring that social aspect into my life.”
Cameron has one piece of advice for those who have never volunteered: find an organization that matches your passion and just get started.
“Organizations are always looking for volunteers，” says Cameron. “And you'll learn about those opportunities once you open that door and reach out to the people. Just do something you love to do and enjoy doing it with others. ”
5．What do we know about the Becks
A．They ran a food bank.
B．It is a volunteering family.
C．It is the most famous local charity.
D．They all volunteered at the age of 12.
6．What does Cameron think of volunteering
A．It is a win win activity.
B．It satisfies his curiosity.
C．It makes him feel lonely.
D．It helps him with his study.
7．What does Cameron suggest according to the last paragraph
A．Doing whatever one likes.
B．Setting up an organization.
C．Taking part in social activities.
D．Trying one's best to volunteer.
Ⅱ.完形填空
One of complaints in modern society is being too busy. People usually say “super busy”. __1__ is just “fine” any more.
When people aren't super busy at __2__， they are crazily busy exercising or entertaining. And if there is a moment for thoughts—waiting __3__ at the supermarket, for example—out come the mobile phones. “We are so __4__ on our phones that people seem to find any __5__ to keep busy，” said Timothy Wilson, a psychologist in Virginia. In his experiments the majority found it __6__ to be alone with their thoughts for just 6 to 15 minutes.
It could be because we, when __7__， tend to focus on what's wrong in our lives. Unless there is a solution, these thoughts just __8__ themselves in our heads. But you can't solve problems __9__ you don't think about them. It's due to our culture, which values doing __10__ thinking. “There's a widespread __11__ that thinking will only slow you down and get __12__， but in fact, __13__ the flow of thoughts is part of the solution itself，” said Timothy.
And it is those negative feelings, and how you __14__ them, that make you who you are. While busyness may save you from sadness, it may also drive you away from __15__.,
1．A.Nobody B．Somebody
C．Everybody D．Anybody
2．A.home B．work
C．school D．hospital
3．A.in order B．in line
C．in panic D．in public
4．A.focused B．dependent
C．reliable D．appealing
5．A.place B．reason
C．excuse D．solution
6．A.uncertain B．unfair
C．unpleasant D．unwise
7．A.left out B．left off
C．left behind D．left alone
8．A.recover B．repeat
C．regain D．recycle
9．A.unless B．while
C．though D．if
10．A.apart from B．more than
C．except for D．rather than
11．A.confidence B．belief
C．challenge D．dream
12．A.all the way B．by the way
C．in your way D．on your way
13．A.banning B．allowing
C．removing D．reducing
14．A.meet with B．get away with
C．keep pace with D．deal with
15．A.joy B．relief
C．anxiety D．sorrow课时作业(三) Unit 1 Section Ⅲ Extended reading & Project & Assessment
阅读理解
A
The Pacific island nation of Nauru used to be a beautiful place. Now it is an ecological disaster area. Nauru's heartbreaking story may have one good result—other countries might learn from its mistakes.
For thousands of years, Polynesian people lived on the remote island of Nauru, far from western civilization. The first European to arrive was John Fearn in 1798. He was the British captain of the Snow Hunter, a whaling ship. He called the island Pleasant Island.
However, because it was very remote, Nauru had little communication with Europeans at first. The whaling ships and other traders began to visit, bringing guns and alcohol. These elements destroyed the social balance of the twelve family groups on the island. A ten year civil war started, which reduced the population from 1，400 to 900.
Nauru's real troubles began in 1899 when a mining company discovered phosphate (磷酸盐) on the island. In fact, it found that the island of Nauru was nearly all phosphate, which is a very important fertilizer for farming. The company began mining for the phosphate.
A phosphate mine is not a hole in the ground; it is a strip mine. When a company strip mines phosphate, it removes the top layer of soil. Then it takes away the material it wants. Strip mining totally destroyed the land. Gradually, the lovely island of Nauru started to look like the moon.
In 1968, Nauru became one of the richest countries in the world. Every year the government received millions and millions of dollars for its phosphate.
Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars. In addition, they used millions more dollars for personal expenses. Soon people realized that they had a terrible problem—their phosphate was running out. Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing. By 2000, Nauru was almost financially ruined. Experts say that it would take nearly $ 433，600，000 and more than 20 years to repair the island. This will probably never happen.
1．What might be the author's purpose of writing the text
A．To seek help for Nauru's problems.
B．To give a warning to other countries.
C．To show the importance of money.
D．To tell a heartbreaking story of a war.
2．What did the ecological disaster in Nauru result from
A．The soil pollution.
B．The phosphate overmining.
C．The farming activity.
D．The whale hunting.
3．Which of the following is a cause of Nauru's financial problem
A．Its leaders misused the money.
B．It spent too much repairing the island.
C．Its phosphate mining cost much money.
D．It lost millions of dollars in the civil war.
4．What can we learn about Nauru from the last paragraph
A．The ecological damage is difficult to repair.
B．The leaders will take the experts' words seriously.
C．The island was abandoned by the Nauruans.
D．The phosphate will be mined further.
B
Since Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay climbed Mount Everest, Mount Qomolangma's peak is no longer a lonely place and is turning into a trash heap.
So far, a large number of climbers have successfully reached the peak. And they have complained about waiting for hours in the bottlenecks (狭窄路段) on the way to the peak, a situation that isn't just uncomfortable—it's cold and windy up there—but downright dangerous. If bad weather strikes, climbers can die.
As a matter of fact, the dangerous crowds aren't the only problem on Mount Qomolangma. All those climbers need to bring a lot of gear—and much of it ends up being left on the mountain, sometimes even the peak itself. Mount Qomolangma is becoming the world's largest rubbish dump. Here's mountaineer Mark Jenkins' writing in National Geographic about the state of Mount Qomolangma, “The two standard routes, the Northeast Ridge and the Southeast Ridge, are badly polluted with oxygen cans and torn tents everywhere.”
But the good news is that some mountaineers are taking on the work to clean up Mount Qomolangma. Mountaineer Paul Thelen and his friend Eberhard Schaaf are part of the annual Eco Everest Expedition, which has been cleaning up rubbish from base camps to the peak since 2008.
Some of that rubbish is even being used for a higher purpose. As part of the Mt. Everest 8848 Art Project, a group of 15 artists from Nepal collected 1.5 tons of garbage brought down the mountain by climbers. They've transformed the cans and oxygen tanks—and in one case, part of the remains of a helicopter—into 74 pieces of art that have already gone on exhibition in Nepal's capital. Part of the profit from sales will go to an association, which has helped collect tons of rubbish on the slopes of the mountain.
5．What do we learn about the bottleneck on the way to Mount Qomolangma's peak
A．They are relatively safe.
B．They are often crowded.
C．They are very easy to pass.
D．They are sites of base camps.
6．What does the underlined word “gear” mean
A．Equipment for climbing mountains.
B．The food climbers brought onto the mountain.
C．Some important machines used in the bottlenecks.
D．Some rubbish found on the mountain.
7．The group of 15 Nepali artists ________．
A．created works of art using rubbish from Mount Qomolangma
B．were employed to recycle the rubbish
C．climbed Mount Qomolangma and collected 1.5 tons of trash
D．painted 74 beautiful pictures of Mount Qomolangma's peak
8．What can be the best title for the text
A．Economical Travel Proves Successful
B．Mount Qomolangma Has Hope of Being Clean
C．How to Protect Yourself on Mount Qomolangma
D．Recycle Rubbish on Mount Qomolangma
C
“True friendship is like sound health. The value of it is seldom known until it is lost，” Charles Caleb Colton said. Just like in any other relationship, arguments and fights are also part of friendship. You will hardly find friends who have never fought with one another. Whatever the reason is, if a person feels that he is responsible for causing the differences, it is important that he should apologize to his friend.
Though you can use the email, text messages or chat for expressing your apology, the good old way of saying sorry to your friend through a letter will surely have a great effect on him. This will make your friend realize that your efforts of saying sorry are genuine and that you really care about him.
Points to Remember：
Timing: Write the letter at the proper time. It is not advisable to put it off for too long.
Words: While you are writing the letter, what matters most is that you truly feel sorry.
Sequence: Always begin by apologizing and saying sorry for your mistake. Then explain to him your side of the story. In the third and last paragraph, talk about what his friendship means to you and make a promise of not repeating the mistake.
Delivery: You should either post the letter or deliver it personally or through someone else. You can also keep it at a location where your friend will be able to find it easily.
Some people may try to point out the friend's mistake while writing the letter. Avoid this completely, as it can make matters worse. The letter has to be brief and should only talk about the subject that has led to your apology. Keep patient and do not expect immediate results. In some cases, it may take time for the person to forgive and forget.
9．What is the author's purpose of mentioning the saying in the first paragraph
A．To let readers study the famous saying.
B．To introduce the topic of the passage.
C．To show who is Charles Caleb Colton.
D．To tell readers the importance of health.
10．Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “genuine”？
A．Sincere. B．General.
C．Open. D．Careful.
11．What is the best way to apologize to others
A．Sending an email. B．Sending text messages.
C．Chatting online. D．Writing a letter.
12．What should you do when writing a letter of apology
A．Try to point out the friend's mistake.
B．Make the letter long and interesting.
C．Begin by apologizing and saying sorry for your mistake.
D．Write the importance of your friendship in the first paragraph.课时作业(八) Unit 3 Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage & Integrated skills
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Oct. 15th was International White Cane Safety Day. You may have never heard of it, but it was a day to remember for Peng Baier of Nanjing Foreign Language School. After school that day, he visited the local Disabled Persons' Federation (残疾人联合会). He wanted to know about the sales and feedback (反馈) of his newly published book, How to Help a Disabled Person.
Since he lives with his disabled grandparents, he understands that life can be hard for this group of people. Peng decided to write the book because he wanted to create a better life for disabled people in China.
“Crossing the street is a big problem for them，” Peng said. “Speeding cars, people walking in a hurry, bikes on the sidewalk—accidents can happen everywhere for the blind. That's why we hardly ever see disabled people on the street, even though there are millions of disabled people in China.”
Peng's book with pictures is easy to understand. It is a guide to the right and wrong ways to treat disabled people. The left hand pages show the reader the right way; the right hand pages point out mistakes that are commonly made.
The teenager had 2，000 copies of his book printed. With the help of the Disabled Persons' Federation, he gave them to the disabled community. “The book is bilingual,__so foreigners can also use it，” said Peng.
Peng put great efforts into the book. For example, he interviewed many disabled people to get first hand materials. He also studied textbooks from different schools for the disabled. Peng finally completed his handbook, but he still had the problem of getting it printed. How did a high school student raise money needed for that
With a smile, Peng said how he went about it. “I visited three local companies, dressed up in a suit and tie. I was lucky. The companies were warm hearted and willing to give me a hand.”
1．Why is Peng able to understand the hard life of the disabled people
A．Because he was born disabled.
B．Because he has a disabled friend.
C．Because he lives with his disabled grandparents.
D．Because he once read a book about the disabled.
2．What does the underlined word in Paragraph 5 mean
A．Written in two languages.
B．Using different pictures.
C．Very easy to understand.
D．Very popular around the world.
3．Peng put a lot of efforts into the book except ________．
A．raising the money needed
B．giving away his pocket money
C．interviewing many disabled people
D．studying textbooks for the disabled
4．What words can best describe Peng
A．Devoted and honest. B．Brave and confident.
C．Kind and helpful. D．Friendly and lovely.
B
Ieoh Ming Pei, one of the last great modernist architects (建筑师), has died aged 102. Although he worked mostly in the United States, Pei will always be remembered for a European project: his redevelopment of the Louvre Museum in Paris in the 1980s.
Pei was the first foreign architect to work on the Louvre in its long history, and at the beginning his designs were fiercely opposed. But in the end, the French—and everyone else—were won over. His glass pyramid outside the Louvre, completed in 1989, is now one of Paris' most famous landmarks.
Pei was born in China in 1917 into a wealthy family. His father was a banker. His artistic mother—a calligrapher and musician—had a greater influence on him. Despite not speaking English, he moved to the US at the age of 18 to study at Pennsylvania, MIT and Harvard. He worked as a research scientist for the US government during World War Two, and went on to work as an architect, founding his own firm in 1955. He carried on working well into old age, creating one of his most famous masterpieces (代表作)—the Museum of Islamic Art in Doha, Qatar—in his 80s.
He had designed buildings, hotels, schools and other structures across North America, Asia and Europe. His other work includes Dallas City Hall and Japan's Miho Museum. His style was influenced by his love of Islamic architecture. His favoured building materials were glass and steel, with a combination of concrete (混凝土)．
He won a variety of awards and prizes for his buildings, including the AIA Gold Medal, the Praemium Imperiale for Architecture. In 1983 Pei was given the fifth Pritzker Architecture Prize for giving the 20th century some of its most beautiful interior spaces and exterior forms. He used his $100，000 prize money to start a scholarship fund for Chinese students to study architecture in America. In person, Pei was always neatly dressed, good tempered, charming and unusually modest.
5．What do we know about Pei and his work on the Louvre Museum
A．The French approved of his designs at first.
B．Pei was the only foreign expert employed by the Louvre.
C．Pei made use of glass in his designs.
D．Pei retired after completing the work.
6．What words can be used to describe Pei according to the passage
A．Productive and humorous.
B．Generous and modest.
C．Determined and outgoing.
D．Attractive and responsible.
7．What can be the best title of the passage
A．The Louvre Pyramid Architect Died Aged 102
B．Prizes Awarded to Pei
C．Landmarks Created by Pei
D．A Famous Architect Donated His Prize Money
Ⅱ.七选五
Fights at school have become an increasingly familiar sight for children. You should know what to do if you are in a fight, or see a fight at school. __1__
You should try to get away if you can. If you know someone is coming up behind you to attack, turn toward the person with your hands up in front of your body and loudly say “stop” before walking away. __2__ If the person doesn't stop, cry for help by calling out the name of a teacher whose office is nearby.
__3__ In some school areas, everyone involved in a fight can be punished, no matter who started it.
What should you do if you see a fight You mustn't jump in to break up a fight or help a friend. If you get involved in a fight, yon may suffer injuries and punishment. __4__ It's a good choice to find an adult or call the police. Shout loudly to break up the fight or warn that an adult is coming.
__5__ It only provides temporary relief for the attacker and causes more trouble. If you are concerned about fights at school, the best thing you can do is talk to an adult who will listen and take action.
A．Violence never solves problems.
B．You should support one side for good reason.
C．There're a few ways for you to protect yourself.
D．The attacker usually stops when you're running fast.
E．Loud voice can usually make the attacker calm down.
F．You can do something if a fight breaks out at school.
G．Fighting, even in self protection, should always be a last choice.单元过关测试卷(二)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Where is the woman
A．In a hospital. B．At work. C．At home.
2．What does the woman suggest
A．He should go to see the movie. B．He ought to work on his paper. C．He shouldn't write about the movie.
3．Whom should Harry go to see
A．Scientist. B．Repairman. C．Doctor.
4．Where does the dialogue probably take place
A．In a factory. B．In a hospital. C．In a store.
5．Where does this conversation most probably take place
A．In an operating room. B．In a doctor's office. C．On the telephone.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。
6．According to the woman, which diet is considered to be healthier
A．The Chinese diet. B．The European diet. C．The American diet.
7．Why do many Chinese people have healthy teeth
A．Because they eat a lot of apples.
B．Because they never eat sugar.
C．Because they eat less sugar.
8．According to the dialogue，what should we do in order to keep fit
A．We should have a healthy diet and take plenty of exercise.
B．We should eat four times every day.
C．We should walk for twenty minutes every day.
听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。
9．Where are the speakers most probably
A．In a bar. B．In a cafe. C．In a dining hall.
10．Who knows most about the wine
A．The man. B．The woman. C．The waiter.
11．What does the man hope
A．The waiter is a kind man. B．The wine is not very expensive. C．The woman will drink with him.
听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。
12．What can the woman be
A．A guest. B．A boss. C．A waitress.
13．What kind of table does the man want
A．A table for two. B．A table for three. C．A table for four.
14．Why does the man have to wait
A．Because he doesn't need a table now.
B．Because he hasn't enough money.
C．Because all the tables here are taken.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15．What does the woman want to do
A．She wants to make an appointment with the man.
B．She wants to have a dinner with Dr Nand.
C．She wants to see the doctor.
16．When did the woman see the doctor
A．Three days ago. B．Three weeks ago. C．Three months ago.
17．What's the woman's name
A．Nancy. B．Ann. C．Lucy.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．What does “Your body has close relations with the food you eat” really mean
A．All kinds of food you eat can be made into your body.
B．Your body is made up of the food you eat.
C．What you eat has a great effect on your health.
19．What does the old saying tell us
A．The apple is the best among all kinds of fruits.
B．Apples can take the place of doctors.
C．Eating apples regularly do a lot of good to our body.
20．What should we do if we want to keep healthy
A．Eat an apple a day.
B．Eat properly.
C．Take as many vitamin pills as possible.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题中所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
An earthquake happens when two plates rub together. The earth plates travel in different directions and at different speeds. If one plate is slowly forced underneath the other, pressure (压力) builds up until the plates break apart. This process (过程) causes the ground to move. It is an earth quake. In other words, earthquakes are the shaking of the earth's surface caused by the earth's rocky outer layer as a result of the energy stored within the earth. The strain within the rocks is suddenly released (释放)．
The damage an earthquake causes depends on where it is and the time it is happening. If an unpopulated region is struck, there will be low loss of life or property (财产). If it hits a large city, there may be many injuries and much destruction. Many of the areas at risk are largely populated now. Major earthquakes hitting those areas today could produce terrible damage.
Actually, there are several million small earthquakes every year. Large earthquakes, such as the 1964 Alaskan quake that measured 8.4 on the Richter scale, caused millions of dollars in damage. In the last 500 years, millions of people have been killed by earthquakes around the world—including over 240，000 in the 1976 Tangshan earthquake in China.
A 60 second or less earthquake can cause devastation that continues for years after the first tremor. In 1972, a series of severe earthquakes struck Managua, Nicaragua. Fifteen years later, the city still looked the way it had a week after the earthquake hit, because the country did not have the necessary money to rebuild it.
The shaking of the earth is sometimes not the greatest disaster. It is in the ensuing fires and floods that often the greatest damage occurs. In the 1906 earthquake, it was the fires caused after it that did the majority of the damage. An earthquake can also destroy dams high above a city or valleys, causing floods to sweep down and sweep away everything in their path.
21．Which of the following is the main idea of the first paragraph
A．An earthquake comes from the inside of the earth.
B．The earth has great energy in storage.
C．How the earth plates move.
D．How an earthquake happens.
22．The underlined word “ensuing” in the last paragraph probably means ________．
A．causing too much heat and great damage
B．causing many injuries and much destruction
C．happening as a result of another event
D．happening suddenly and unexpectedly
23．By giving the example in Paragraph 4, the author wants to show that ________．
A．an earthquake doesn't last long
B．the damage can last long
C．people in Managua suffered too much
D．Nicaragua is still a poor country
B
A storm hit Houston, Texas, on Tuesday. It brought heavy rains and rising floodwaters. By Tuesday night, some parts of the city had received 10 inches of rain. Police and firefighters helped people move to safe places. They also saved people from cars and buses that were stuck on roads.
Certain areas around Houston were hit really hard. In just four hours, more than seven inches of rain fell in Sugar Land in the southwest of Houston. Cars could not pass through any of the main roads. On Twitter, Sugar Land city officials asked people to get to high ground.
Tuesday's rain hit parts of Texas that Hurricane Harvey had already damaged almost three years ago. Hurricane Harvey in August, 2017 was the second most costly hurricane in US history. It caused $125 billion worth of damage in Texas. In the Houston area, 36 people died and about 150，000 homes were flooded.
A spokesman for the Harris County Office of Homeland Security and Emergency Management spoke with the Houston Chronicle. The spokesman said that this week's rain is not in any way a Harvey level event.
But the worst may not be over yet. People will have a break from the heavy rain on Wednesday. According to the National Weather Service, the Texas Gulf Coast will continue to experience heavy rain later in the week. “Today should be our quietest over the next few days for rainfall，” said Don Oettinger, a National Weather Service meteorologist (气象学家)．
Houston Fire Chief Samuel Peia warned, “As there is too much water on the ground, these are perfect conditions for flash floods, so we hope people are careful of what they're doing and encourage them to stay home. There's no sense in putting yourself, firefighters or anybody in danger needlessly.”
24．What are Paragraphs 1 and 2 mainly about
A．Flood damage in Houston.
B．Flood prevention in Houston.
C．Heavy floods hitting Houston.
D．People fighting floods in Houston.
25．What do we know about Hurricane Harvey
A．It caused no deaths or injuries.
B．It did a lot of damage to Texas.
C．It was less serious than this week's rain.
D．It was the biggest hurricane on record.
26．What can we infer from the weather report of the National Weather Service
A．Fine days are coming.
B．It will rain a little non stop.
C．A hurricane is unavoidable.
D．Floods will continue.
27．What did Samuel suggest local people do
A．Stay indoors.
B．Join firefighters.
C．Give up needless things.
D．Comfort those who lost homes.
C
One Sunday, Nicholas, a teenager, went skiing at Sugarloaf Mountain in Maine. In the early afternoon, when he was planning to go home, a fierce snowstorm swept into the area. Unable to see far, he accidentally turned off the path. Before he knew it, Nicholas was lost, all alone! He didn't have food, water, a phone, or other supplies. He was getting colder by the minute.
Nicholas had no idea where he was. He tried not to panic. He thought about all the survival shows he had watched on TV. It was time to put the tips he had learned to use.
He decided to stop skiing. There was a better chance of someone finding him if he stayed put. The first thing he did was to find shelter from the freezing wind and snow. If he didn't, his body temperature would get very low, which could quickly kill him. Using his skis, Nicholas built a snow cave. He gathered a huge mass of snow and dug out a hole in the middle. Then he piled branches on top of himself, like a blanket, to stay as warm as he could.
By that evening, Nicholas was really hungry. He ate snow and drank water from a nearby stream so that his body wouldn't lose too much water. Not knowing how much longer he could last, Nicholas did the only thing he could—he huddled (蜷缩) in his cave and slept.
The next day, Nicholas went out to look for help, but he couldn't find anyone. He followed his tracks and returned to the snow cave, because without shelter, he could die that night. On Tuesday, Nicholas went out again to find help. He had walked for about a mile when a volunteer searcher found him. Having been stuck in the snow for two days, Nicholas was saved.
Nicholas might not have survived this snowstorm had it not been for TV. He had often watched Grylls' survival show Man vs. Wild. That's where he learned the tips that saved his life. When Grylls heard about Nicholas' amazing deeds, he was super impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive.
28．What caused Nicholas to get lost at the mountain
A．Having no guides to help. B．Forgetting the way back.
C．Terrible weather. D．Poor eyesight.
29．How did Nicholas keep himself warm
A．He built a snow cave. B．He found a shelter.
C．He kept on skiing. D．He made a fire.
30．Why was Grylls' show mentioned
A．It was Nicholas' favorite TV program. B．It taught Nicholas useful knowledge.
C．Nicholas shared his story on the show. D．Grylls asked Nicholas to make a TV interview.
31．Which of the following may best describe Nicholas
A．Calm and brave. B．Responsible and curious.
C．Lucky and smart. D．Confident and outgoing.
D
The mom had died when the rescuers found her after the terrible earthquake. She was covered by a destroyed house. Through gaps (缝隙) of those ruins, the rescuers could see her last posture (姿势). It was something like an ancient person who was kowtowing (叩头), but it just looked strange because she was out of shape by pressure.
The rescuers confirmed (证明) her death by touching her through the gaps of the ruins. They shouted at the ruins again and again, and knocked the bricks using various tools, but there was no reply inside.
Then the rescuing team went to the next building. Suddenly the leader ran back, calling “Come here.” He came to the body, put his hands under the woman, feeling and touching, and then shouted loudly and gladly, “There is someone, a baby, still living.”
Through some efforts, rescuers cleaned up the ruins which blocked her. Under her body lay her baby, who was covered by a small red quilt. He was about 3 or 4 months old. Since well protected by his mother's body, he was safe. He was in a deep sleep when the rescuer carried him out, and his lovely and peaceful face warmed everyone around him. The doctor, along with the rescuing team, took the baby out of the quilt to check if the baby was all right, and he found there was a mobile phone in the quilt. The doctor looked at the screen; a written message was already there: “My dear baby, if you could live, don't forget how much I love you.” As a doctor, he experienced much of this type of separation, but at this moment, he cried. The mobile phone was passed, and every person who saw this message shed tears.
32．When the rescuers found the mom, she ________．
A．was using her mobile phone to ask for help
B．begged the rescuers to save her baby first
C．was struggling with the pressure
D．didn't have the normal shape
33．When the baby was rescued, he ________．
A．was smiling a lot B．was asleep
C．was listening carefully D．was frightened to death
34．Which of the following is TRUE
A．The mom was kowtowing when the rescuers found her.
B．The rescuers didn't leave until they were sure the woman had been dead.
C．The little baby was found behind the mom.
D．The rescuers carried the baby out without difficulty.
35．The passage is mainly about ________．
A．a story of saving a mother and her baby
B．the disaster of a terrible earthquake
C．the rescuers' hard work after an earthquake
D．the great love of a mother in an earthquake
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下列短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两处为多余选项。
Earthquakes can strike without warning. But many injuries and deaths from this kind of natural disaster can be prevented if people follow these safety tips.
If you're inside a building, stay there! One of the most dangerous things to do in an earthquake is to try to leave a building. __36__ Drop to the ground. Get under an object (物体) that is not easily damaged. Hold on to it until the shaking stops. You can also get to a corner formed by two walls with your arms over your hand. If you're in bed when the quake hits, stay there and protect your head with a pillow.
__37__ Don't take shelter under a tree, streetlights, electric poles or tall buildings. If you are driving, stop as quickly as possible and stay away from overpasses, buildings, bridges or anything else that might fall or collapse beneath you. __38__
If you are trapped in ruins, cover your mouth with a handkerchief or a piece of clothing. Use your cellphone to call for help if possible. Don't shout. __39__ Tap (敲) on a pipe or the wall so rescuers can find you.
Be prepared for aftershocks. __40__ However, sometimes they even happen months later. Therefore, if you are not in a safe position (位置) after the first shock, you should move quickly but carefully to a safer place.
A．Don't move about or kick up dust.
B．If you're outside, go to an open space.
C．Shouting can cause you to breathe in dust.
D．Don't park your car under a tree or any tall object.
E．Take a good hold of your cellphone in the building.
F．They can happen in the first hours after the earthquake.
G．Most injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go out.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was driving on the highway, a big storm came. The rain began to beat __41__ against my car windows. I had to stop and __42__ my car along the roadside. Sitting in the car with boxes of clothes in the back seat, I was __43__ of Hurricane Katrina.
Hurricane Katrina hit Houston when I was fourteen years old. I was __44__ that it would destroy my neighborhood. __45__ it missed ours, while leaving many parts of the city in__46__. From the TV, I saw a reporter __47__ the homeless people inside the Houston Astrodome (体育馆). Many of them were in dirty and wet clothes, and some had no shoes on their feet. I noticed a little boy behind the reporter __48__ an old teddy bear. Suddenly, I knew I had to do something.
The next day, my friends __49__ me at our volunteer club and we came up with a plan to __50__ some used toys and give them to the kids at the Astrodome. I hoped they would bring some __51__ to those homeless kids. We __52__ the word to our schools and other organizations. Three days later, our club was flooded with new toys! When we entered the Astrodome with our gifts, children __53__ toward us from all directions.
BZZZZ. My cell phone brought me back to the present. To my joy, the storm had __54__ “Hector, we have had more__55__ because of the tornado.” “Well, I've brought a lot of clothes for them. The storm kept me late, but I'll be there soon！” I turned my car into the suddenly heavy traffic. I knew that any small act of kindness would make a big difference.
41．A.gently B．lazily
C．heavily D．merrily
42．A.wash B．repair
C．check D．park
43．A.reminded B．informed
C．warned D．cleared
44．A.happy B．worried
C．sure D．confident
45．A.And B．So
C．Or D．But
46．A.ruins B．efforts
C．needs D．terrors
47．A.observing B．entertaining
C．interviewing D．challenging
48．A.selling B．kicking
C．hugging D．throwing
49．A.greeted B．joined
C．called D．annoyed
50．A.invent B．select
C．collect D．produce
51．A.comfort B．freedom
C．treatment D．belief
52．A.read B．gave
C．had D．spread
53．A.flew B．paced
C．cycled D．looked
54．A.struck B．passed
C．came D．approached
55．A.reports B．troubles
C．victims D．photos
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When an earthquake hit a small town, many houses 56.________ (fall) down. After the earthquake, all the newspapers reported many stories about some of the families 57.________ were in trouble.
One Sunday, when I 58.________ (read) a newspaper, a special picture touched me. It gave the clothing sizes of each family member. I thought that this would be a good chance 59.________ (teach) my children to help those who were less lucky than themselves. I said to my seven year old twins, Brad and Brett, and three year old Meghan, “We have so much, and these poor people now have nothing. We'll share what we have 60.________ them.”
I filled a box with foods and clothes. While I was doing this, I encouraged the boys to choose their 61.________ (toy) and donate some of their 62.________ (favourite) things. Meghan watched quietly as the boys took out their old toys and games and put them together. Then she walked away. A few minutes 63.________ (late), she came back with Lucy, her much loved doll. She put the doll on top of 64.________ other toys. “Oh, dear，” I said. “You don't have to give Lucy. You love her so much.” Meghan said, “Lucy makes me happy, Mommy. Maybe she'll make another little girl happy, too.”
I looked at Meghan for a long moment. She taught me a lesson. “It's easy to give something that we don't want any 65.________ (much), but hard to give what we cherish, isn't it？”
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
假定你是李华，得知你的美国网友Bill的家乡发生山火，房屋被烧毁，他现在住在临时避难所。请你写一封邮件慰问他，内容要点如下：
1.询问受灾情况，表示关心；
2.鼓励他振作起来，重建家园。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：山火 mountain fire
Dear Bill，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Ali and his younger sister, Zahra, lived with their parents in a poor neighborhood. Their mother was very sick and their father was struggling to find a job, and they had only a little money with which to buy food. As they had not paid the rent for several months, the landlord was breathing down their necks (盯着他们)．
One day, Ali took Zahra's shoes to a shoe repairman, but he lost them on the way home. It wasn't until he got home that he realized he had lost the shoes. He was afraid that his parents would be angry and disappointed, so he begged his sister to keep it secret. Zahra agreed and the two decided to share Ali's running shoes. Zahra's school hours were in the morning, so she would wear them first. After school, she would rush back and give them to Ali. He could then run to his school, which began in the afternoon. Although he ran as fast as he could, Ali often arrived late and was warned by the school.
Ali heard about a long distance race that was held for the boys in the city. When he learned that the third prize was a new pair of shoes, he decided to take part. He ran home excitedly and promised his sister that he would win her the new shoes.
The day of the race arrived. Ali had a strong start, but halfway through the race he began to get tired and his legs began to ache. Getting more and more exhausted he thought only of Zahra and his promise to her. Dreaming of the new shoes he would win for his sister gave him strength, and he stayed right behind the two fastest runners, determined to finish third. Suddenly, as the finishing line drew near, another runner collided (碰撞) with Ali from behind and he crashed to the ground.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Ali looked up and saw the other boys rushing ahead. ______________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Filled with pleasure, Ail walked home quickly.___________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________课时作业(一) Unit 1 Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
The endangered pandas in the Qinling Mountains might face a new threat (威胁): the loss of their food, bamboo, which makes up 99% of their meals.
Adult pandas spend most of the time eating bamboo and have to take in at least 40 pounds a day to stay healthy. However, a new study warned that they might soon find their food gone because most of the bamboo in the Qinling Mountains might disappear by the end of the century as a result of the rising temperature.
A team made up of researchers has studied the effects of climate change on the bamboo in the Qinling Mountains. They have found that bamboo is very sensitive to climate change. “80% to 100% of the bamboo will be gone if the average temperature increases by 3.5 degrees Centigrade worldwide by the end of the century，” said Liu Jianguo, one of the report's authors. He added, “This is how much the temperature will rise by 2100 even if all countries keep their promises in the Paris Agreement. But you know what is happening around the world.”
In recent years, China has been trying its best to protect the endangered pandas by setting up more and bigger nature reserves (保护区)．
“But it is far from enough and the endangered pandas need cooperation from the rest of the world, because their future is not just in the hands of the Chinese，” said Shirley Martin from World Wildlife Fund but not a member of the team.
The Qinling Mountains are home to about 345 pandas. That is about 18% of the China's wild panda population. In addition, about 375 are living in research centers and zoos in China.
1．What can we learn from the first paragraph
A．Lots of the bamboo in the Qinling Mountains will probably disappear.
B．The Qinling Mountains cannot provide enough bamboo for the pandas.
C．Pandas in the Qinling Mountains are just threatened with the loss of food.
D．Pandas have already eaten 99% of the bamboo in the Qinling Mountains.
2．What did Liu Jianguo mean
A．China needs more help from World Wildlife Fund.
B．The current climate is not suitable for bamboo any more.
C．China is making great efforts to protect the pandas.
D．It is difficult to prevent the temperature from rising by 3.5 ℃.
3．How many wild pandas are there in China
A．About 345. B．About 720.
C．About 1，900. D．About 2，275.
4. Which can be the best title for the text
A．The Disappearance of Bamboo
B．Necessity of Changing Pandas' Food
C．Efforts Made to Save Pandas
D．A New Threat Faced by Pandas
B
A study has found that a lifetime of regular exercise and activity can slow down the aging process (衰老过程). Researchers say that getting older should not necessarily mean becoming weaker or sicker. Their research shows that the devotion to a life of movement and exercise may help us live not only longer, but also more healthily.
For their study, the researchers studied two groups. The first group was made up of 125 non professional cyclists between the ages of 55 and 79. This group included 84 healthy men and 41 healthy women. This group was called the “cyclists”．
Researchers then found 130 people to make up the second group. Within this group, 75 people were aged from 57 to 80. The other 55 were between the ages of 20 and 36. The people in this group were also healthy, but they did not exercise regularly. This group was called the “non exercisers”. Smokers, heavy drinkers of alcohol and people with other health issues were not included in the study.
Then, researchers gave both groups a series of tests. They tested their muscle mass (肌肉质量), muscular strength, percentage of body fat and the strength of their immune systems (免疫系统). Then the researchers compared the results of the two groups.
Results showed that the cyclists did not experience body changes usually regarded as a normal aging process. For example, they did not lose muscle mass or muscular strength. Also, their body fat did not increase with age.
The researchers also found something they had not expected. The study showed that the immune systems of the cyclists did not age either.
The researchers advise us all to find the exercise that we like in our lives.
5．How did the researchers carry out the study
A．By comparison. B．Through discussion.
C．By imagination. D．By reasoning.
6．Which of the following is a result of the research
A．The cyclists kept thin.
B．The non exercisers gained weight easily.
C．The cyclists' muscles remained strong with age.
D．The non exercisers usually had health problems.
7．Which is an unexpected result for the researchers
A．The cyclists had the normal aging process.
B.The cyclists' immune systems didn't age.
C．The cyclists lost nearly all their fat.
D．Everyone needed exercise in their lives.
8．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．Healthy People Need More Exercise
B．Take Exercise: the Harder, the Better
C．Cycling Is the Best Way to Prevent Aging
D．A Lifetime of Exercise Slows the Aging Process
Ⅱ.完形填空
As our Earth's temperature warms up because of climate change, it is having unexpected effects on our world's forests. When temperatures rise, trees close their skins to __1__ the loss of water, and this, in turn, slows down the __2__ of photosynthesis (光合作用). As a result, these trees are shorter and grow slowly, as well as have a __3__ death rate.
Climate change also increases the __4__ of droughts and wildfires. After wildfires, it takes a while for the forest systems to __5__， and in some cases, the forests are __6__ permanently. Trees that are stressed are also __7__ to attacks by bacteria (细菌). In tropical forests, vines that use the trees as __8__ can often choke the trees and rob them of nutrients. Finally, humans have __9__ the forest landscape through logging. When trees are replanted on the soil, they will never grow as large as the __10__ trees that were cut down.
As these forests disappear, species that once called them “home” are forced to change, __11__ the variety of those systems. __12__， some endangered species are unable to __13__ and die. Old growth forests are disappearing in all regions of our world. When forests die, younger forests that are reestablished in the same area grow back weaker and smaller __14__ poor vegetation (植被). With trees dying increasingly and continuously, will future generations __15__ out on the wonders of forests
1．A.protect B．prevent
C．save D．free
2．A.movement B．situation
C．process D．operation
3．A.higher B．firmer
C．lighter D．smaller
4．A.choice B．measure
C．qualification D．chance
5．A.grow B．rescue
C．recover D．decline
6．A.ignored B．lost
C．hurt D．left
7．A.accessible B．enjoyable
C．acceptable D．favorable
8．A.attention B．command
C．trust D．support
9．A.frightened B．paid
C．ruined D．wasted
10．A.common B．original
C．distant D．strong
11．A.affecting B．improving
C．forgetting D．reflecting
12．A.Besides B．Surprisingly
C．Otherwise D．Unfortunately
13．A.devote B．keep
C．adapt D．lead
14．A.due to B．in addition to
C．instead of D．in spite of
15．A.pass B．miss
C．break D．bring课时作业(二) Unit 1 Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage & Integrated skills
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Fabien Cousteau was born with deep love for the ocean. His grandfather and his father were ocean explorers and documentary filmmakers. Fabien spent his early years on his grandfather's ships. Today, Fabien follows in his family's footsteps to protect the planet's endangered marine (海洋的) life. With his vast knowledge and experience, he tries to strike a balance between environmental problems and market economies.
Fabien is well known for his study of sharks. During 2000～2002, he created a TV special called Attacks of the Mystery Shark on the basis of the shark attacks that occurred along the New Jersey shoreline in the summer of 1916. Then in 2003～2006, with the help of a large crew, Fabien created a shark submarine that enabled him to put himself inside the shark world, providing people with a rare view of the mysterious and often misunderstood creatures.
For the next four years, Fabien was part of a series called Ocean Adventures, which offered a rare look at some of the most fantastic marine species and the environment.
In 2010, Fabien started Plant A Fish, a nonprofit organization to help restore local water ecosystems by replanting key marine species. The foundation is still in progress now and its final goal is to plant 1 billion “fish” worldwide.
In 2014, Fabien and his team spent 31 days underwater to research how climate change and pollution are affecting the oceans. Fabien's Mission 31 broke new ground by going deeper, longer and further, exposing (使接触) the world to the adventure and the mystery of what lies beneath.
In 2016, he established the Fabien Cousteau Ocean Learning Center to provide children around the world with the opportunity to learn about the oceans and get in touch with ocean explorers directly through social media.
1．What is Fabien doing nowadays
A．Exploring creatures through local water systems.
B．Making popular science fiction films.
C．Protecting the environment while seeking the market economy.
D．Protecting social media's safety.
2．How is Paragraph 2 developed
A．By providing facts.
B．By offering analyses.
C．By making comparisons.
D．By drawing conclusions.
3．What can we learn about Fabien from the text
A．Fabien's “Plant A Fish” has already achieved its final goal.
B．Fabien's Mission 31 broke the record of former ocean explorations.
C．Fabien's TV special about sharks is based on his childhood experiences.
D．It took Fabien four years to produce Ocean Adventures all on his own.
B
It was dinner time for the Rangers, a group of mostly indigenous (本地的) Australians who had spent a long day cleaning up the polluted beaches of the continent's northern coast. Soon they would eat freshly caught fish and seafood cooked under the stars on an open fire, as their ancestors did.
The Rangers are of more than 100 indigenous groups spread across Australia who have taken on the job of protecting the land of their forefathers. In Arnhem Land, they are the protectors of 3，300 square miles of land and sea. They comb the beaches by hand, picking up as much rubbish as possible. The task is very difficult as each day it delivers waves of new rubbish.
For the Rangers, cleaning the beaches is more than a vacation. For a person whose culture is strongly tied to the land, protecting the environment is equal to preserving their history.
However, colonization forcefully broke their connection to the land generations ago. Indigenous people were displaced and their cultural practices were outlawed. Tens of thousands of years of traditional land management ended, and as a result many parts of the country now face serious disasters from invasive plant and animal species, bush fires and land mismanagement.
In recent years, the government has restored more than 20 percent of Australia's land to indigenous owners. Since 2007, the Indigenous Rangers Organizations have been at work protecting this land.
Luck, one of the few non Indigenous employees working with the Rangers, said the combination of old and new techniques and an appreciation for the culture of indigenous workers have been critical to the program's success.
“You are working with staff who see the world differently from you, so there is a much higher focus on the cultural aspects of work and life，” he said.
“Being a ranger is a source of confidence. You feel strong，” said Terence, a senior ranger. “Here we still live on the land. The culture is still alive.”
4.What did Indigenous Australians live on in the past
A．Rubbish picked up by hand.
B．Protecting the land.
C．Catching the fish and seafood.
D．Invasive plants and animals.
5．What do the Rangers think of cleaning the beaches
A．It's a job of their ancestors.
B．It's just a vacation.
C．It's a difficult task.
D．It's preserving their culture.
6．Why has the government restored the land to indigenous owners
A．The polluted land needs better management.
B．Their cultural practices were outlawed.
C．The people were too strong.
D．The land belongs to them.
7．What can we learn from the last three paragraphs
A.Not many employees are the Indigenous Australians.
B．Culture is important to the Indigenous Australians.
C．Their new techniques are successful.
D．Both Luck and Terence are rangers.
Ⅱ.七选五
Summer vacation is just around the corner. __1__ It's great fun especially if you are the sort of person who feels there's nothing to do during the summer holidays.
The first thing you need to come up with is an idea for your club. __2__ Pets, clothes, pop music, dancing groups, sports, or making things The list is endless.
Next you need some friends to be in your club with you. __3__ All you need are three or four other people who are interested in the same thing as you.
__4__ You should all sit down somewhere together with lots of pieces of paper and write down every name you can think up. That'll keep you busy for ages.
At your first meeting you should make up a rule book. And the first rule should be no grown ups or little or big brothers or sisters! The best clubs are always secret!
Now you have just about everything you need except membership cards. These are very important and again you can spend a lot of time making them. __5__ Why not leave some space for a photo of yourself That will make the membership card really look like one.
Once you get started you'll think of loads of more interesting things to do!
A．That's easy.
B．Enjoy your own club!
C．What are you interested in
D．Invite a designer to join you.
E．Then you need to pick a name for your club.
F．Use a crayon to make a special design.
G．One of the best things you can possibly do is start your own club.
