2024届高考英语题型综合小练习2（52份打包）

练习11　七选五＋完形填空＋读后续写
Ⅰ.七选五
2020·全国卷Ⅰ 说明文 226词 ★★☆☆☆
A Few Tips for Self Acceptance
We all want it...to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. __1__ Here's a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
●__2__ Do not follow the people who make you feel not good enough. Why do you follow them Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs Know that your life is your own; you are the only you in this world.
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. __3__ You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心的) response “That didn't go as planned. But, I tried my best.”
●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. __4__
●Now that you've listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don't feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. __5__ Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are
A．Feeling upset again
B．Where do you start
C．Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D．Remember, you are only human.
E．Set an intention for self acceptance.
F．Stop comparing yourself with others.
G．When does the comparison game start
Ⅱ.完形填空
2022·河北联考 记叙文 213词 ★★★☆☆
I was in the grocery store picking up a few odds and ends. As I __1__ the cashier I noticed a very old man. His back was bent. His hair was white. His face was __2__ wrinkles. In the eyes of the __3__， he looked tired, old and ugly.
As soon as he __4__ finished counting out the money, he __5__ and joked with the cashier and they both laughed. His __6__ sounded like sweet music. His eyes sparkled with delight. He turned back to me and __7__ his smile. I could see his soul shining through. It was the __8__ and most beautiful soul I had seen in a long time. At that __9__ I saw that while his body might be showing its years, his __10__ was young.
Some people can look young and healthy on the __11__ but be old and beaten down on the inside. Other people can look old and worn out on the outside but __12__ be young and vital within. Most of us fall somewhere in between.
I truly believe, however, that the key is love. Time will eventually __13__ all our bodies, but whether we grow old on the inside is a choice. We can __14__ to live in fear, anger, and hatred. Or we can choose to live in __15__， joy, and compassion and keep our souls forever young.
1．A.served B．paid
C．left D．approached
2．A.exposed to B．trapped in
C．covered with D．made of
3．A.world B．cashier
C．customer D．elder
4．A.politely B．slowly
C．easily D．curiously
5．A.smiled B．stopped
C．hesitated D．appeared
6．A.song B．laughter
C．voice D．story
7．A.hid B．lost
C．shared D．forced
8．A.funniest B．cleverest
C．biggest D．youngest
9．A.case B．moment
C．area D．way
10．A.child B．look
C．sound D．soul
11．A.contrary B．bottom
C．outside D．face
12．A.still B．sometimes
C．even D．anyway
13．A.age B．limit
C．ignore D．punish
14．A.continue B．choose
C．refuse D．attempt
15．A.gratitude B．hope
C．love D．excitement
Ⅲ.读后续写
[2022·湖北部分学校质检]阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Holiday was in the air long before Christmas came in Brooklyn. The first sure sign of it was the Christmas trees arriving in Francy's part of Brooklyn. Tree sellers tied ropes along the street. They put the trees against the ropes. The air all around smelled of the green branches.
A few people stopped by to choose a tree. They would ask the seller to keep it for them until the day before Christmas. Then they would take their tree home and cover it with colorful paper, lights and gifts. Many people stopped to ask the prices of trees. But most people just came to look at the trees or touch them.
There was a custom in Francy's part of Brooklyn for the children who really wanted their Christmas trees but their parents could not afford them: Before midnight on Christmas Eve, sellers would throw some of the unsold trees at children who wanted them. If they caught them without falling down, they could keep them. But if they fell down, they gave up their chances for free trees. The men would throw each tree in turn starting with the biggest one. Many children would try to catch the trees. But only the strongest and roughest boys would try to catch the big trees. The little ones usually waited for the little trees.
On this Christmas Eve, Francy was 10 years old and her little brother Nily was nine. Their mother agreed to let them have their first try at winning a free tree.
They had chosen their tree earlier in the day. They had stood near it all the afternoon, hoping that no one would buy it. To their great delight, the tree was still there at midnight. It was the biggest tree. The price of the tree was so high. No one could buy it. Francy told her brother if only she could have the tree, she would never ask Santa Claus for another thing as long as she lived.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Midnight finally arrived and the tree man took out the biggest tree.
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The tree man looked at the two kids and hesitated for a moment.
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________________________________________________________________________练习19　阅读理解＋读后续写
　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
2022·湖南名校联考 说明文 295词 ★★☆☆☆
Make the Best of a Bad Situation
Since COVID－19 spreads all over the world, many people have to stay indoors and work from home. For most of us, it greatly challenges our lives and brings boredom. But for a few people, working at home brings more creativity. Here are three famous historical figures who let their creativity flow during past pandemics.
Giovanni Boccaccio (1313—1375)
When a plague(瘟疫) hit Florence in 1348, Italian writer Giovanni Boccaccio lost his father and stepmother. In order to survive, he left the city and hid in the countryside. Inspired by the experience, Boccaccio wrote The Decameron (《十日谈》), a collection of short novels framed as stories told by a group of friends, while he was quarantined (隔离) inside a house during the plague.
William Shakespeare (1564—1616)
In 1606, a plague hit London, UK. When death number grew, the government postponed many celebrations and closed all the theaters. As an actor and dramatist, Shakespeare had to stop working in the playhouse. But he didn't waste a second of his time off. Instead, he used the time productively and wrote some of his most famous plays. Before the year was over, Shakespeare completed three plays—King Lear, Macbeth and Antony and Cleopatra.
Isaac Newton (1643—1727)
In 1665, when Isaac Newton was in his early 20s, the outbreak of the plague struck the UK, and many classes were canceled. Newton, as a student, went back home to continue his studies. He devoted himself to his studies. The young mathematician produced some of his best works during his year in quarantine, writing the papers that would later become early calculus (微积分学)，and developing his theories on optics(光学). While working, an apple dropped from the apple tree outside his window and hit him on the head, which inspired his theory of gravity.
1．What did Boccaccio do during the plague
A．He left Italy and hid away.
B．He stayed indoors and read books.
C．He finished the great work: The Decameron.
D．He told his friends many interesting stories.
2．What did the plague bring Shakespeare
A．More free time for writing.
B．Inspiration for singing.
C．More interest in acting.
D．Deep reflections on history.
3．What do we learn about Issac Newton in quarantine
A．He had to stop his study on maths.
B．He put the focus on English study.
C．He got an idea for the theory of gravity.
D．He worked hard and completed his last work.
B
2022·河南联盟调研 说明文 282词 ★★☆☆☆
Eyes are significant organs of our body. Having a good eyesight is sometimes a must in applying for a university or a job. So many researches have been done about eyes, especially about near－sight.
Being nearsighted is far more common than it once was. It has gone up by 66 percent in Americans since the early 1970s, according to a recent study by the National Eye Institute. In China and other East Asian countries, as many as 90 percent of high school graduates are thought to be nearsighted.
Near－sight happens when eyeballs are longer than normal, changing the angle at which light enters the eye and therefore the ability to focus on distant objects. The disorder involves a complex interplay(相互作用) of genetics and environment and usually begins before adolescence when the eye is growing, but it can worsen in early adulthood.
Some experts connect the rising rates to the many hours young people stare at computers and other screens. But a recent study published in JAMA Ophthalmology suggests that a greater factor may be a side effect of all that screen－watching—it's keeping children inside.
This new study joins a growing body of research indicating that inadequate direct sunlight may reshape the human eye and do harm to vision. Strong evidence was found between current eyesight and volunteers' lifetime exposure to sunlight.
Those who had gotten the most sun, particularly between the ages of 14 and 19, were about 25 percent less likely to have developed myopia (近视眼) by middle age. Exposure to sunlight up to the age of 30 can also confer a protective benefit.
4．What do we learn from paragraphs 2—3
A．The rate of near－sight has been on the decline.
B．Near－sight happens when eyeballs are abnormal.
C．Near－sight is only caused by environment.
D．Near－sight usually begins in early adulthood.
5．What is the main cause of near－sight according to the recent study
A．Lack of sleep.
B．Using smartphones too much.
C．Reading too much.
D．Lack of direct sunlight exposure.
6．What does the underlined word “confer” in the last paragraph mean
A．Provide. B．Damage.
C．Avoid. D．Reduce.
7．Where is the text most likely from
A．A diary. B．A magazine.
C．A novel. D．A notebook.
Ⅱ.读后续写
[2022·浙江衢州二中段考]阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As children, my brothers and I constantly annoyed our mother. When we combined forces, we had the power to make that sweet, loving woman go mad.
One day, I arrived home from school feeling overheated, exhausted, and angry with my brothers for being kicked out of the car and walking home alone. Taking a few steps inside, I dropped my books and realized the house was a little too quiet. Looking around, my anger turned to weariness, and suddenly I felt a fierce stream of water glide across my shirt. Before I realized what happened, another was blasted directly on my face. I dove behind the couch as I heard my brothers yell, “Water fight！”
Running to the other side of the room where my own water gun was hidden beneath a loose floorboard, loaded and ready to go, I grabbed it and congratulated myself on being prepared in advance.
Instantly, my anger with my brothers disappeared, and I eagerly joined in the water spraying. We didn't stop until we were nearly wet all over and out of water. Calling a truce, we decided to team up and take on a larger, more dangerous enemy. While taking turns to reload our weaponry, we hatched our plan.
Our mother was outside watering the garden, totally unaware of the danger approaching her from behind. We silently counted to three and began showering her with water. She turned around and stood still as we finished the last of our supply. Only when she thought our guns were empty did she dare to speak a word. However, when she began to lecture us, a water ‘bullet’ shot from my gun, smacking (啪的一声打) her right eye, and she lost her temper.
We ran to the living room with our mother close behind and barely reached the door in time to shut her out. She began pounding at it and shouting at us to let her in, but we had no idea that this was all an act. She actually had her own plan.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
She decided to hatch her own plan.
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When we left the door open for too long, she took action.
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________________________________________________________________________练习60　阅读理解＋读后续写
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
2021·新高考Ⅰ卷 议论文 286词 ★★★★☆
Popularization has in some cases changed the original meaning of emotional (情感的) intelligence. Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person's makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills”. Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities, but most of them move far beyond skill based emotional intelligence.
We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims. Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person.
Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis (重视) on emotion by employers, educators and others interested in promoting social well being. The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers re evaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life.
Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives (视角) from which to study how people manage their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction.
1．What is a common misunderstanding of emotional intelligence
A．It can be measured by an IQ test.
B．It helps to exercise a person's mind.
C．It includes a set of emotional skills.
D．It refers to a person's positive qualities.
2．Why does the author mention “doctor” and “cheater” in paragraph 2
A．To explain a rule.
B．To clarify a concept.
C．To present a fact.
D．To make a prediction.
3．What is the author's attitude to the popularization of emotional intelligence
A．Favorable. B．Intolerant.
C．Doubtful. D．Unclear.
4．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning emotional intelligence
A．Its appeal to the public.
B．Expectations for future studies.
C．Its practical application.
D．Scientists with new perspectives.
B
2020·全国卷Ⅲ 说明文 337词 ★★★★★
When “Rise of the Planet of the Apes” was first shown to the public last month, a group of excited animal activists gathered on Hollywood Boulevard. But they weren't there to throw red paint on fur coat wearing film stars. Instead, one activist, dressed in a full body monkey suit, had arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers: “Thanks for not using real apes (猿)！”
The creative team behind“Apes” used motion capture (动作捕捉) technology to create digitalized animals, spending tens of millions of dollars on technology that records an actor's performance and later processes it with computer graphics to create a final image (图像). In this case, one of a realistic looking ape.
Yet “Apes” is more exception than the rule. In fact, Hollywood has been hot on live animals lately. One nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment of animals in filmed entertainment, is__keeping__tabs__on more than 2，000 productions this year. Already, a number of films, including “Water for Elephants，” “The Hangover Part Ⅱ” and “Zookeeper，” have drawn the anger of activists who say the creatures acting in them haven't been treated properly.
In some cases, it's not so much the treatment of the animals on set in the studio that has activists worried; it's the off set training and living conditions that are raising concerns. And there are questions about the films made outside the States, which sometimes are not monitored as closely as productions filmed in the States.
5．Why did the animal activists gather on Hollywood Boulevard
A．To see famous film stars.
B．To oppose wearing fur coats.
C．To raise money for animal protection.
D．To express thanks to some filmmakers.
6．What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A．The cost of making “Apes.”
B．The creation of digitalized apes.
C．The publicity about “Apes.”
D．The performance of real apes.
7．What does the underlined phrase “keeping tabs on” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Listing completely.
B．Directing professionally.
C．Promoting successfully.
D．Watching carefully.
8．What can we infer from the last paragraph about animal actors
A．They may be badly treated.
B．They should take further training.
C．They could be traded illegally.
D．They would lose popularity.
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
It was summer, and my dad wanted to treat me to a vacation like never before. He decided to take me on a trip to the Wild West.
We took a plane to Albuquerque, a big city in the state of New Mexico. We reached Albuquerque in the late afternoon. Uncle Paul, my dad's friend, picked us up from the airport and drove us up to his farm in Pecos.
His wife Tina cooked us a delicious dinner and we got to know his sons Ryan and Kyle. My dad and I spent the night in the guestroom of the farm house listening to the frogs and water rolling down the river nearby. Very early in the morning, Uncle Paul woke us up to have breakfast. “The day starts at dawn on my farm，” he said. After breakfast, I went to help Aunt Tina feed the chickens, while my dad went with Uncle Paul to take the sheep out to graze (吃草). I was impressed to see my dad and Uncle Paul riding horses. They looked really cool.
In the afternoon, I asked Uncle Paul if I could take a horse ride, and he said yes, as long as my dad went with me. I wasn't going to take a horse ride by myself anyway. So, my dad and I put on our new cowboy hats, got on our horses, and headed slowly towards the mountains. “Don't be late for supper，” Uncle Paul cried, “and keep to the track so that you don't get lost！” “OK！” my dad cried back. After a while Uncle Paul and his farm house were out of sight. It was so peaceful and quiet and the colors of the brown rocks, the deep green pine trees, and the late afternoon sun mixed to create a magic scene. It looked like a beautiful woven (编织的) blanket spread out upon the ground just for us.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Suddenly a little rabbit jumped out in front of my horse.
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We had no idea where we were and it got dark.
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________________________________________________________________________练习37　语法填空＋阅读理解
Ⅰ.语法填空
2022·江苏南京调研 说明文 235词 ★★★☆☆
The Goddess of the Luo River comes alive in a video which was shared by Henan TV Station on social media. The ancient tale of romance is given 1.________ new setting and still provides attractive performances for the modern audience. The tale is presented in what seems like slow motion. Not 2.________ (surprising), it became popular and has been viewed more than 20 million times.
The story of the Goddess of the Luo River has been the inspiration for countless contemporary 3.________ (artist), who have described the goddess's unmatched beauty through 4.________ (vary) art forms, like movies and dance dramas.
But the reason why the video, 5.________ runs for around two minutes and is titled Rhapsody on the Luo River Goddess, created such an impression and has generated such a wave of publicity, is that it 6.________ (shoot) underwater. He Haohao plays the role of the goddess. She masters not only the performing art but the technique of holding her breath as her lungs struggle 7.________ (carry) out their function. All this is done 8.________ the most peaceful facial expressions.
It's not the first time that Henan TV Station 9.________ (gain) attention with its appealing videos highlighting traditional Chinese culture. On Feb. 10th, a dance piece, entitled A Tang Dynasty Banquet, which is less than six minutes long, was staged during a gala 10.________ (air) on Henan TV Station to mark the Spring Festival.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
2022·河南名校质考 应用文 280词 ★★★☆☆
Bus Tours in Washington D．C.
The Lights Night Tour in Washington, D．C.
Duration: 3 hours　$56.33
Highest rated Night Tour in D.C.! The ONLY D.C. Night Tour where the Tour Guides
HOP OFF with you at each stop and tell you about each monument and attraction. Hop aboard the The Lights Night Tour! The best time to take a tour of Washington, D．C. is at night.
Best Mount Vernon & Arlington Cemetery Tour from Washington, D．C.
Duration: 6 hours　$78.96
See Arlington Cemetery, Old Town Alexandria and George Washington's Mount Vernon Estate on this small group bus tour from Washington, D．C. Your tour guide will accompany you through Mount Vernon, telling you about all of the attractions there and the history of George Washington's home on the Potomac River.
The Best Minibus Tour in Washington, D．C.
Duration：3 hours　$46.92
See all the key attractions D．C. has to offer in a 3 hour format. You will learn all about the history and trivia that surrounds Washington and visit the major monuments and attractions D．C. has to offer.
Please Note: Rates for this tour vary by day of the week. When you choose your specific date on the availability calendar, the rates for that date will be displayed.
The Blossoms Tour in Washington, D．C.
Duration：3 hours　$56.99
BEST WAY to Experience the Cherry Blossoms! Each year from mid March to mid April, see the beautiful Cherry Blossoms in Washington D．C. and get great photos because you'll be led to all the best spots by the best guides. The annual spring bloom in D．C. is a magical time and this tour promises to provide the very best tour opportunity for you!
1．Which tour would provide you with a sightseeing boat
A．The Lights Night Tour
B．Best Mount Vernon & Arlington Cemetery Tour
C．The Best Minibus Tour
D．The Blossoms Tour
2．What is special about The Best Minibus Tour
A．Its price is not fixed.
B．The best time to take it is at night.
C．The tour guide accompanies you.
D．You can get great photos of cherry.
3．Which date suits The Blossoms Tour most
A．July 4. B．August 15.
C．March 27. D．October 8.
B
2022·武汉高中联考 记叙文 324词 ★★★☆☆
Magic is the performance of tricks. It has been a part of almost every culture in the world. Magic shows might include a disappearing act, card tricks, or pulling a rabbit out of a hat. But what could that have to do with health
Kevin Spencer, an American magician goes beyond just entertaining crowds. He also makes magic to improve the lives of people with disabilities.
What made him change the focus of his work was an accident.It took him almost a year to regain the skills he'd lost as a result of the accident and this made him think about using magic tricks as a tool for healing. So Spencer started conducting workshops all over the world. He teaches magic tricks to children and adults with disabilities.
Mr. Spencer says magic therapy (疗法) may seem non traditional. But many skills needed to perform a good magic trick are used in traditional forms of therapy—physical movement, thinking, understanding and social skills are all there. And that social connection with other people can also help people feel better about themselves and increase their confidence.
Liam Shannon is an example. Liam has a brain disorder that can make learning and connecting with people difficult. People with severe brain disorder may also have trouble understanding complex emotions. The 10 year old boy said after he learned a few simple tricks, he felt many different emotions. “It made me feel happy and proud. It was great！” Liam said.
Kevin Spencer says seeing lads like Liam come alive is better than all the applause in the world. “We can be on a stage and get the applause of thousands of people, but that is nothing compared to the smile that comes across a kid's face and when they say ‘Look! I did it! and it's like，’ yeah, you did！”．
He says he plans to spend more time working with people with disabilities.
4．What do you think of Kevin Spencer
A．Kind B．Humorous.
C．Brave. D．Honest
5．Magic therapy is similar to traditional forms of therapy in ________.
A．the use of tools
B．the use of skills
C．the length of history
D．the variety of forms
6．The author mentioned Liam Shannon in the text in order to ________．
A．show Liam Shannon likes magic very much
B．tell us Liam Shannon has a talent for magic
C．prove the success of Kevin Spencer's magic therapy
D．explain the connection between magic and personality
7．What is mainly talked about in the text
A．Magic is an interesting performance.
B．Kevin Spencer is popular with children.
C．Kevin Spencer has a deep love for magic.
D．Kevin Spencer use magic to help the disabled.
答题策略
语法填空——非谓语动词
非谓语动词之间区分步骤实例(2)
例题 You can imagine how terribly shy I was with so many eyes________ (fix) upon me.
步骤 ① 找逻辑主语：eye发生fix这一动作，eyes是逻辑主语
② 判断主被动关系： eye与fix之间是逻辑上的被动关系，用fixed
答案 fixed　此处是一个with复合结构。宾语eyes与fix之间存在逻辑上的被动关系，故用其过去分词形式fixed作宾语补足语练习1　单句语法填空＋阅读理解
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(冠词)
1．[2022·江苏连云港联考]It is said that firewalls play ________ critical role in keeping companies and people safe.
2．[2022·云南昆明统测]A miniature black horse with ________ white nose ran into a room in Nashville's Monroe Carell, Jr. Children's Hospital.
3．[2022·福建泉州质检]That way, children can gain ________ better understanding of their local features and customs during the process of accelerated urbanization that is reshaping the city's landscape.
4．Montreal, ________ port city in the province of Quebec, is the second largest city in Canada.
5．It means we make sacrifices now, but in ________ long run it'll save us a lot of money.
6．Here is ________ very person we are looking for, one with ________ good knowledge of German.
7．It is such ________ great pleasure for me to give a speech on the nature of human beings before ________ whole class.
8．With the popularity of the Internet, the power of newspapers seems to be on ________ decrease.
9．If you want to improve your working efficiency, it will be ________ necessity for you to make ________ most of your time.
10．________ cake you bought smells sweet, but I don't want to have a bite of it for ________ time being.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
2022·新高考Ⅰ卷 说明文 270词 ★★☆☆☆
Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature
Grading Scale
90－100，A；80－89，B；70－79，C；60－69，D；Below 60，E.
Essays (60%)
Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course: Essay 1＝10%；Essay 2＝15%；Essay 3＝15%；Essay 4＝20%.
Group Assignments (30%)
Students will work in groups to complete four assignments (作业) during the course. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system.
Daily Work/In Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework (10%)
Class activities will vary from day to day, but students must be ready to complete short in class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class' lecture/discussion, so it is important to take careful notes during class. Additionally, from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home, both of which will be graded.
Late Work
An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero. Daily assignments not completed during class will get a zero. Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted.
1．Where is this text probably taken from
A．A textbook. B．An exam paper.
C．A course plan. D．An academic article.
2．How many parts is a student's final grade made up of
A．Two. B．Three.
C．Four. D．Five.
3．What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date
A．You will receive a zero.
B．You will lose a letter grade.
C．You will be given a test.
D．You will have to rewrite it.
B
2022·广东湛江调研 记叙文 280词 ★★☆☆☆
Vacation in the U．S. usually means slower days, and no school. Teachers know, however, that vacation means students will likely fall behind, and forget things they learned during the year. Simon Vanderpool, a special education teacher in Lexington, Kentucky, decided to do something about it. He started a program called Books and Barbers. Children go to the barber, choose a book and read out loud while the barber cuts their hair. The child gets a sticker and can take the book home. And there is an added bonus: money. The kids get paid to read.
Vanderpool says barber shops are places where kids can feel comfortable. “Once a student feels comfortable, that's whenever the brain opens up, and that they are able to start focusing on nothing but learning.” Amir Shalash owns a barber shop. But he is doing more than cutting children's hair. He is listening to them, and helping them with their reading.
Most of the children getting haircuts at barber shops are boys. Vanderpool's idea was to do more than just help them with reading and money. The teacher wants to help kids who are growing up in a home without a father like he did. “Also, I created the program in order to provide a positive mentor (指导者) for the kids that go into the barber shop, and are able to have someone that they can rely on and they can trust in, and just build a bond between the two of them.” Shalash says he and his fellow barbers like being mentors. “The biggest thing is that we try to influence as many kids as we can, and that was my whole intention of it.”
4．Why did Simon Vanderpool start Books and Barbers
A．To help children kill time.
B．To bring children a fruitful vacation.
C．To reduce teachers' pressure from work.
D．To improve children's communication skills.
5．What makes a barber shop suitable for Books and Barbers program
A．Its collection of books.
B．Its quiet atmosphere.
C．Its relaxing environment.
D．Its friendly barbers.
6．What is Amir Shalash's purpose of taking part in the program
A．To offer valuable guidance to children.
B．To show the importance of bonding.
C．To tell the necessity of trusting people.
D．To influence his fellow barbers positively.
7．What is the best title for the text
A．What It Takes to Be a Good Barber
B．What to Expect During the Vacation
C．How Important Reading Is to Children
D．How a Haircut Is Helping Students Read
黄金考点
语法填空——冠词
考点1 冠词表示特指
考例 Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ________ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.
点拨 over the past 25 years在此处表示特指“在过去的25年里”，表示特指用定冠词the。
考点2 冠词表示泛指
考例 Instead, she is earning ￡6，500 a day as ________ model in New York.
点拨 表示职业的单数可数名词前通常加不定冠词。此处表示一个泛指的“模特”，故用不定冠词a。练习46　语法填空＋阅读理解
Ⅰ.语法填空
2022·山东诊断 说明文 191词 ★★★☆☆
To some people, staying in a hotel is the whole point of traveling. But what if you are looking for something more adventurous A new type of 1.________ (accommodate) may catch your attention. That is spending a night in a cave. The Enchanted Cave, 2.________ is located in the Blue Mountains in Australia, is an attractive destination. 3.________ (design) to excite the senses, the Cave overlooks some of the most beautiful 4.________ (nature) sights. A table, a cupboard and a sink carved out of stone 5.________ (lay) inside. Modern facilities in the cave include a mini kitchen, 6.________ most comfortable bed, a fireplace and a bath with a hot tub. Outdoor lovers can take full advantage of the Cave by hiking through the paths and 7.________ (put) their feet in the nearby river. The Enchanted Cave in the west of Sydney is 8.________ (true) a once in a lifetime experience. It is a perfect way for couples 9.________ (enjoy) a romantic night under the twinkling stars. You can enjoy all of this for the reasonable price of $500 per person each night. Keep a close eye 10.________ the schedule since you can get a 20% discount during the summer of the year.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
2022·重庆南开月考 记叙文 276词 ★★★☆☆
The Silk Road is arguably the most famous long distance trade route of the ancient world. This passage connected Europe in the West with China in the East, and allowed the exchange of goods, technology, and ideas between the two civilizations. Although merchants could make huge profits traveling on the road, it was not without risk.
The main Silk Road started in Chang'an (known today as Xi'an), the early Han Dynasty's capital. Travelers commencing their journey from this city could take a northern route that would take them across China's northwestern provinces. After this, they would face the Gobi Desert, arguably the greatest danger of the Silk Road.
The Gobi Desert, the largest desert in Asia, consists mainly of rocky, hard earth. This feature made it easier for traders to travel across, compared to sandy deserts like the neighboring Taklimakan Desert. Like other deserts, the Gobi Desert is dry and hot, and therefore the biggest challenge travelers faced was obtaining enough water for themselves as well as for their camels.
So, rest stops were created along the route, allowing travelers to rest, eat and drink. These places also promoted the exchange of goods, and even ideas, amongst the travelers who stopped there. Usually, the rest stops were placed within a day's journey of each other. In this way, travelers could avoid spending too much time in the desert, which would make them be targets for robbers, another danger of the Silk Road.
Once through the Gobi Desert, travelers would continue their journey into Iran, Turkey, and finally Europe. While this part of the journey may have been less dangerous, it is not entirely without peril (危险)．
1．The underlined word “it” in the first paragraph refers to ________．
A．making huge profits
B．traveling on the Silk Road
C．exchanging goods and ideas
D．connecting different civilizations
2．Why was the Gobi Desert easier to cross than other deserts
A．The desert's surface was easier to walk on.
B．Camels for transportation were easier to find.
C．It was smaller and could be crossed in less time.
D．There were more natural water sources available.
3．What do we learn about the rest stops in the Gobi Desert
A．They offered travelers free accommodation.
B．They were located around the edges of the desert.
C．Travelers staying there were often attacked by criminals.
D．They were shared by travelers from different countries.
4．What is the passage mainly about
A．The origins of the Silk Road.
B．The benefits of the Silk Road.
C．The difficulties faced by Silk Road travelers.
D．The cultural exchanges among Silk Road travelers.
B
2022·唐山一中月考 说明文 349词 ★★★☆☆
Reintroducing beavers (海狸) to Britain could help clean up rivers, prevent flooding and minimise soil loss, an expert has claimed.
Professor Richard Brazier, a researcher at the University of Exeter, said unpublished results from a trial area in Devon showed muddy water entering an area where beavers were living was three times cleaner when it left. “Our trial has shown that the beavers are able to dam our streams in a way that keeps soil in the headwaters of our catchment (流域) so it doesn't block up rivers downstream and pollute our drinking and bathing waters. If we bring beavers back it's just one tool we need to solve Britain's crisis of soil loss and agricultural pollution of waterways, but it's a useful tool，” he said.
Prof Brazier's claims were disputed by the National Farmers' Union (NFU), which warned that the reintroduction of beavers to Scotland had led to fields and forests becoming damaged. Spokesman Mark Pope said: “The knowledge of the impacts beavers have had on farmland, riverbanks and flood defences in Scotland is concerning. We await the results of the Devon trial and will analyse the outcomes then.”
Prof Brazier, an expert in Earth Surface Processes, insisted the animals could even play a useful role in preventing flooding. He told BBC News: “The public is currently paying people to build leaky dams to keep storm waters in the uplands. The beavers can do it free of charge and even build their own homes.”
However, Professor Jane Rickson, a soil specialist from Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, joined the NFU in sounding a note of caution. She agreed that in some places in the UK there was evidence of worrying soil loss, and said new policies were urgently needed. Beavers may in fact reduce the river channel and remove vegetation, exposing banks to greater erosion (侵蚀) and increasing, rather than decreasing, the risk of flooding, she warned. And she said beaver dams should be “leaky” to avoid build ups of large volumes of water.
5．How do beavers help clean up rivers, prevent flooding and minimise soil loss
A．By building dams in their own way.
B．By protecting the forests or fields.
C．By building their own homes in the riverbank.
D．By damaging their dams to avoid build ups of large volumes of water.
6．What can we learn from the passage
A．Beavers can't clean up rivers.
B．Mark Pope supports Professor Richard Brazier.
C．The scientists haven't decided to introduce
beavers.
D．Beavers have positive effects on agriculture.
7．Professor Jane Rickson didn't agree with Professor Richard Brazier because she thought that ________．
A．beaver dams are not leaky
B．beavers couldn't decrease the risk of flooding
C．it would take a lot of time to introduce beavers
D．the environment problems were extremely serious
8．In which section of a website can you most probably find this passage
A．Technology. B．Environment.
C．Education. D．Culture.练习25　阅读理解＋七选五
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
2022·江淮十校联考 应用文 273词 ★★☆☆☆
EXPERIENCE COLUMBIA
HOT ATTRACTIONS
◆RIVERBANKS ZOO&GARDEN
It is home to more than 2，000 animals and one of the nation's most beautiful botanical gardens.With more than 350 species from around the world，Riverbanks is one of the largest mid sized zoos in the country.
Hours: 9：00 a．m. － 5：00 p．m.daily.
Admission: Adults(13 － 61) － $19.95
Children(2 － 12)—$16.95
◆EDVENTURE
The Soutll's largest children's museum has 300 exhibits to inspire children to experience the joy of learning. Where else but Edventure can children drive a real fire truck, anchor the news or visit another country
Hours: Monday—Sunday: 9 a．m. － 5 p．m.
Admission: Members Free
Children and Adults － $11.95
◆SOUTH CAROLINA STATE MUSEUM
The stories of South Carolina come alive through the exhibits and collections of the State Museum. Plus, a new 4 D theater provides popular movies that excite all ages. Museum members are invited to night sky observing and more on Tuesday nights!
Hours: Mon., Wed. － Fri.：10 a．m. － 5 p．m.，
Tues.：10 a．m. － 10 p．m.，
Sat.：10 a．m. － 6 p．m.,
Sun.：Noon － 5 p．m.
Admission: Adults(13 － 61)：$8.95
Children (3 － 12)：$6.95
◆SALUDA SHOALS PARK
Saluda Shoals Park is a sensitive riverfront park that invites visitors to experience the treasures of the Saluda River through exceptional educational and cultural opportunities.
Fun filled Family Activities Nightly! (except Thanksgiving, Christmas Eve and Christmas night)
Free for activities: apply with Holiday Lights admission ($20/car; $40/15 passenger vehicle; $60/bus)．
1．Which attraction best suits a child interested in broadcasting news
A．Edventure.
B．The State Museum.
C．Saluda Shoals Park.
D．Riverbanks Zoo & garden.
2．How much should a young couple with a 4 year old son pay to enjoy various plants and animals
A．$24.85. B．$20.
C．$56.85. D．$35.85.
3．Which of the following is available to all tourists in the State Museum
A．Having a fantastic visual feast at 1：00 p．m.
B．Visiting the exhibits on Sunday morning.
C．Enjoying free family activities every night.
D．Observing the amazing night sky on Tuesday nights.
B
2022·吉林四模 记叙文 277词 ★★★☆☆
A video recording from Xinhua showing Arabella Kushner, US President Donald Trump's granddaughter, singing Chinese songs and reciting Chinese literary classics caused another Internet sensation (轰动) in China Wednesday night.
In the video clip, Arabella, wearing a traditional embroidered Chinese dress, greets President Xi Jinping and his wife Peng Liyuan.
The six year old sings two songs Our Fields, Beautiful Fields, and My Good Mom. The former, written in 1953 and adored by Chinese teenagers for decades, expresses one's love and affection for the motherland and nature. The latter is a popular nursery rhyme widespread in China.
She also displayed knowledge about Chinese literature by reciting Three Character Classic, a Confucianist volume to educate young children, and two ancient poems of Li Bai, Watching the Fall of Lushan Mountain, and Departing from Baidi City in the Morning.
Xi spoke highly of the child's Mandarin abilities and said her performance deserved an “A Plus”. He said Arabella was already a star in China and hoped she would visit China one day.
Numerous media websites and netizens reposted the video. It has received 2.3 million clicks on Sina Weibo, China's popular social media platform, as of press time.
“What a talented and smart girl she is！” Weibo user Yumeiren said. “I hope she can make more contributions to fostering China US friendship in the future.”
Earlier this year, during President Xi's visit to the United States, Arabella has already performed for the president and his wife at the Mar a Lago resort in Palm Beach, Florida, on April 6. Standing alongside her parents, Arabella sang Jasmine, a Chinese folk song with her brother Joseph.
4．From the passage, we can learn that ________．
A．Arabella once sang Jasmine for President Xi in April alone
B．Arabella has a talent for singing Chinese songs
C．Arabella has some acquaintance with Chinese ancient poems
D．My Good Mom conveys one's love for his or her motherland
5．What does the underlined word in Para.7 probably mean
A．Preventing. B．Proposing.
C．Protesting. D．Promoting.
6．What is the best title for the passage
A．Arabella's Contribution to China US Relationship
B．Trump's Granddaughter Wins Chinese Hearts, Again
C．Trump and His Famous Granddaughter
D．A Little Shining Star in China
Ⅱ.七选五
2022·重庆高三诊断 说明文 234词 ★★★☆☆
Food is a deeply rooted expression of identity, values and ways of life. __1__ That is, eating is an element of common ground in terms of human existence and an experience that brings people together. Food is family treasure in the way that recipes are passed on from one generation to another, maintaining family connection and cultural and geographical links with the ancestry.
Food is an expression. What we cook is an expression telling who we are and where we come from. __2__ The traditional meals of a place touch on identity and the ancestry. Every destination has a dish or cuisine associated with them, which is fixed on culture and identity.
You may not know it, but that is why experiencing the local dishes of a new place usually tops one's to do list in a foreign land. __3__ It is one of the interactions and processes of connecting with the people.
Food is symbolic. Home is where the heart is and in sensory response to food, familiar flavor arouses homesickness. __4__ The ordinary smell of food takes one back to particular times in the past. The beautiful and merry essence of eating with family and friends from home adds to the pleasant tastes of meals.
__5__ Food and food habits serve as a culture channel of the display of affection and emotional association and the sharing of delicious, nutritional food signals a bridge of closeness and acceptance.
A．Accepting food is hard.
B．Eating food is a universal experience.
C.Food is largely cultural as well as nutritional.
D．Food is therefore a reminder of fond memories of home.
E．Eating a local dish is a way to connect with the local people.
F．Food, however, sometimes gives us bad emotional experiences.
G．This is obvious in how seafood is popular with the coastal people.
黄金考点
语法填空——连词
考点35 并列连词的应用
考例 Actually, I started to learn kung fu when I was seven years old, ________ I have long been out of practice.
点拨 前后分句之间语义上表示转折关系，而非因果关系。故应填but或yet。
考点36 状语从句从属连词的运用
考例 The games my parents taught me ________ I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.
点拨 表示“当我还是个孩子的时候”，用when引导时间状语从句， 故应填when。
考点37 宾语从句连词的运用
考例 My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to ________ I live.
点拨 介词to后边是个宾语从句，引导词在从句中作地点状语，用where“……的地方”引导宾语从句，故应填where。close to where I live是形容词短语作后置定语，修饰a restaurant。练习7　单句语法填空＋阅读理解
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(非谓语动词Ⅰ)
1．[2022·浙江杭州外国语学校检测]The 5G services are now being used in 50 cities, Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen ________ (include)．
2．[2022·安徽师大附中期中]Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever－increasing populations, greatly ________ (reduce) waterfowl habitat.
3．[2022·辽宁大连双基测试]The Chinese people have the custom of sticking up pictures ________ (celebrate) the traditional Spring Festival.
4．[2022·山东烟台学业水平诊断]________ (build) in the Song Dynasty, the town offers pleasant views and landscapes of ancient China, characterized by picturesque canals crossed by arch bridges and whitewashed houses that overlook the water.
5．Life is like riding a bicycle. ________ (keep) your balance, you must keep moving.
6．Children above 16 are encouraged to take part in these outdoor recreational and sports activities specially ________ (design) for them.
7．More than 2 million foreign tourists are expected to visit the US by the end of the year, ________ (contribute) a lot to the US economy.
8．Drivers are not the only ones ________ (blame) for the irresponsibility that accounts for many of the automobile accidents.
9．Many people think any government's work should be evaluated ________ (base) on citizens' happiness level.
10．Guests ________ (invite) to this international meeting are mainly scholars, politicians, and representatives of international organizations.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
2022·全国甲卷 夹叙夹议文 320词 ★★☆☆☆
Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. Then, one after another, Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there—broad parks, superb beaches, and a culturally diverse population. But it is the harbor that makes the city.
Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living. I spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor. After our third run Andrew shut down the engine, and we went our separate ways—he for a lunch break, I to explore the city.
“I'll miss these old boats，” he said as we parted.
“How do you mean？”I asked.
“Oh, they're replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster, but they're not so elegant, and they're not fun to pilot. But that's progress, I guess.”
Everywhere in Sydney these days, change and progress are the watchwords (口号), and traditions are increasingly rare. Shirley Fitzgerald, the city's official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. “Sydney is confused about itself，” she said.“We can't seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. It's a conflict that we aren't getting any better at resolving (解决)．”
On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony.“Many people say that we lack culture in this country，” he told me.“What people forget is that the Italians, when they came to Australia, brought 2000 years of their culture, the Greeks some 3000 years, and the Chinese more still. We've got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country. It's a pretty hard combination to beat.”
He is right, but I can't help wishing they would keep those old ferries.
1．What is the first paragraph mainly about
A．Sydney's striking architecture.
B．The cultural diversity of Sydney.
C．The key to Sydney's development.
D．Sydney's tourist attractions in the 1960s.
2．What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds
A．He goes to work by boat.
B．He looks forward to a new life.
C．He pilots catamarans well.
D．He is attached to the old ferries.
3．What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney
A．It is losing its traditions.
B．It should speed up its progress.
C．It should expand its population.
D．It is becoming more international.
4．Which statement will the author probably agree with
A．A city can be young and old at the same time.
B．A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.
C．Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.
D．Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign.
B
2022·四川绵阳诊断 记叙文 288词 ★★★☆☆
Last night my husband and I were taking a post dinner walk in a nearby parking lot, where we saw a man bending over to crumble something with a rock. He completely focused on his task and didn't look up at anyone passing by. We kept noticing him as we hung around the parking lot and guessed what he could be doing. I thought he was crumbling stones to make sand, but why would he do that
Finally we decided to go up and speak to him. He was crushing pieces of leftover bread that he collected from all his neighbors to feed the birds that come there in the early morning. The large pieces of Indian bread would be difficult for the birds to eat, so he crumbled them.
He's been doing this every night, by himself, for the last 3～4 years. What moved us more was that he was surprised when we were even taking an interest in this, since for him it wasn't a big deal. Every night, after reaching his apartment from his job as a tailor, he goes around to collect leftover bread from all his neighbors. He then eats a quick meal and comes here, and spends the next 1～2 hours, thoroughly crushing each piece and makes a neat pile for the birds which will be gone by next evening.
When we asked him what motivates him to do this simple, small but important act of service, he shrugged his shoulders and said, “It's just something small I do so that the leftover bread doesn't be thrown away and the birds get food.” We shared his story in the hope that it reminds us to be mindful of leftovers and perhaps it might inspire someone to start something similar in their own area.
5．Why did the couple decide to have a closer look
A．To satisfy their own curiosity.
B．To show their love for wildlife.
C．To offer help to the man.
D．To prepare food for birds.
6．What does the underlined word “crumbled” probably mean in Paragraph 2
A．Painted. B．Boiled.
C．Cooked. D．Crushed.
7．What's the main purpose of the author sharing the story in the text
A．To ask others to collect leftover bread.
B．To inspire others to crush leftover bread.
C．To remind others to make use of leftover bread.
D．To motivate others to make a difference to the world.
8．What is the best title for the text
A．Meeting an Everyday Hero
B．Doing a Small Thing
C．Treating Birds Well
D．Crushing Leftover Bread
黄金考点
语法填空——名词
考点12 名词作介词宾语
考例 Filled with ________ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left.
点拨 填curiosity，充当介词with的宾语。
考点13 名词作表语
考例 Chinese New Year is a ________ (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of the spring.
点拨 中国新年是一个标志着冬季结束和春季开始的庆祝活动。空前的冠词a是名词作表语的标志，故填celebration。
练习8　单句语法填空＋七选五＋完形填空
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(非谓语动词Ⅱ)
1．________ (follow) our example, they may start eating vegetables themselves.
2．People with disabilities are now doing many things ________ (improve) the quality of their lives.
3．________ (raise) in the poorest area, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star.
4．The heavy metal pollutants can also be recycled, ________ (make) the process even more efficient.
5．The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras ________ (return) to our shop for quality problems.
6．Every year, thousands of visitors come to visit the old temple ________ (date) from the ninth century.
7．Every single American will have the opportunity ________ (realize) his or her fullest potential.
8．________ (sign) up for a digital TV service provides you with access to over 200 channels from all over the globe.
9．It is hard ________ (live) with these two wolves inside me, for both of them try ________ (control) my spirit at the same time.
10．The health service is ________ (locate) in the main building.
Ⅱ.七选五
2022·浙江联盟期中 说明文 215词 ★★☆☆☆
Life lessons from studying abroad
I've studied abroad three times. In high school, I took a biology trip to Panama in Central America for two weeks. __1__ All the three experiences have resulted in huge personal growth.
__2__
While you are abroad, there will be times when you will feel lost, frightened, and completely alone in a city of millions of people, and you need help. You have to trust people, or you are never going to get anywhere in life. __3__ When you have your back against the wall, you have to rely on yourself. When you can actually trust yourself, you can truly learn the importance of your independence.
I learned to take advantage of the opportunities given to me.
I often say a lot more “yes” and a lot less “no”. Jog round the park Yes. Hike up a volcano Yes. Volunteer in a Spanish school Yes. I didn't let anything stand in the way of my experiencing some of these opportunities. __4__
I learned to be adaptable.
When I was abroad, there were many times when things didn't go as planned, and I had to adapt to the situation and figure out a plan. Whether it is a canceled connecting flight or a missed train, you have to figure out a way to get through it. __5__ They might knock you down, or change your path, but it's how you respond to these challenges that helps you learn and grow.
A．I had to handle it.
B．Having faith in others earns you help.
C．Staying abroad made me stronger and more confident.
D．I learned to put belief in myself and also in other people.
E．Problems are going to arise when you least expect them.
F．In college I've been on two “Education Abroad Programs”．
G．Life is too short to be saying no to things and regretting them later.
Ⅲ.完形填空
2022·江苏南京模拟 记叙文 252词 ★★★☆☆
In March, 5 year old Wynn Radke came home from preschool with no idea that she wouldn't return for months because of COVID 19. Her mom Colleen __1__ her to think of a goal to work toward that involved a(n) __2__ activity. Wynn wasted no time and shouted, “67 waterfalls (瀑布)！” While the number was __3__， her mom loved the idea so much that she __4__ to help the little one!
The lovely pair's first __5__ took place on March 28, 2020 at Fairy Falls, and it was amazing! From there, they __6__ hiking to different waterfalls, documenting their progress __7__ they moved closer and closer to their goal.
__8__， Colleen said the challenge was simply a way to get Wynn outside instead of “just watching YouTube all day”. But it ended up being something therapeutic (使人放松的) for them to do during the __9__ 2020 has brought their family. Between Wynn missing her friends and Colleen losing her job, the waterfall __10__ have helped a lot.
It took Wynn and Colleen five months, but they finally __11__ Winnewissa Falls—their 67th waterfall—in August! Upon reaching her goal, Wynn __12__， “I did it！” And she wasn't the only one that was __13__. When she __14__ to school, her friends and teachers __15__ her with celebratory balloons! For her mom, the adventure was less about a milestone (里程碑) but more about the time they spent together.
1．A.challenged B．forced
C．warned D．begged
2．A.voluntary B．underwater
C．mental D．outdoor
3．A.typical B．random
C．right D．regular
4．A.failed B．happened
C．agreed D．remembered
5．A.lesson B．adventure
C．advance D．surprise
6．A.resisted B．postponed
C．admitted D．continued
7．A.until B．unless
C．as D．although
8．A.Originally B．Fortunately
C．Casually D．Generally
9．A.troubles B．excuses
C．doubts D．honors
10．A.competitions B．sounds
C．visits D．chances
11．A.identified B．reached
C．passed D．recommended
12．A.predicted B．signaled
C．evaluated D．shouted
13．A.curious B．embarrassed
C．excited D．confident
14．A.returned B．went
C．turned D．drove
15．A.bothered B．assisted
C．covered D．welcomed
黄金考点
语法填空——副词、形容词
考点14 副词修饰谓语动词
考例 A taste for meat is ________ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.
点拨 修饰作谓语的系表结构，要用副词形式，故填actually。
考点15 副词修饰谓语动词、形容词
考例 As the small boat moved ________ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.
点拨 句意：当小船顺着江轻轻的移动时，群山在水中的沉默的倒影使他说不出话来。这里空处单词修饰as引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词moved。故填gently。
考点16 形容词作定语、表语
考例 According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total ________ (globe) fertilizer consumption.
点拨 中国占全球肥料消费总量的大约30%。作名词consumption的定语，应用其形容词形式global“全球的，全世界的”。练习20　七选五＋完形填空＋读后续写
Ⅰ.七选五
2022·浙江质量检测 说明文 289词 ★★☆☆☆
At present, the rapid development of our society is forcing people to rush. __1__
However, it's better for people to take their time and live their life at a slower pace than to hurry to get things done.
The main reason for not working in a hurry is that we may make mistakes. When people do their jobs or other things in a hurry, they can't make a sound decision and probably have regrets later. As the saying goes, “Haste makes waste (欲速则不达)．” __2__. We should not make mistakes by doing work hurriedly.
Slowing down the pace of life helps people enjoy their life better. For example, taking a train to some place certainly will take more time than taking a plane. However, taking a train gives people enough time to get to know a lot of new friends. Moreover, it allows people to fully enjoy the beautiful scenery along the way. __3__
Finally, a slower pace of life provides better health conditions for us. As is known to all, being in a hurry bothers people and raises their stress. __4__ According to some studies, people who have a quicker pace suffer from more diseases, and tend to live much shorter than those whose life is not tense.
__5__ Yet, too much stress can't bring enjoyment, friends and good health to individuals. Therefore, it's a good idea to take your time and live your life at a slower pace sometimes.
A．Should we work quickly
B．Rushing does no harm to us actually.
C．People have got used to being in a hurry.
D．Working quickly can bring more material benefits.
E．We should think carefully before making a decision.
F．Besides, rushing can be bad for one's physical health.
G．However, rushing will make us lose chances to enjoy our lives.
Ⅱ.完形填空
2022·东营质量检测 记叙文 248词 ★★☆☆☆
A Colorado pair brings new meaning to the word “determination”. When one couldn't walk and the other couldn't see, they __1__ up to share their love of the great outdoors.
Melanie Knecht has to use a wheelchair to get around due to born spina bifida (脊柱裂). Trevor Hahn only recently became blind after he __2__ an eye disease five years ago. Both living in Fort Collins, Colorado, the two met at an adaptive boxing class—and they soon ran into each other again at an adaptive rock climbing class.
They immediately __3__ over Knecht's lifelong hobby of camping and Hahn's passion for outdoor sports. When she told him about her recent trip to Easter Island, where she got the __4__ to be carried on another person's back, an unusual idea occurred to her.
__5__ his lost sight, he'd been able to scale a Himalayan peak, using poles and __6__ directions from his companions.
They started small, but next month—with her vision and his __7__—they will trek to the top of a 14，000 foot mountain.
“It just seemed like common sense. He's the legs, I'm the eyes! __8__， we're the dream team，” said Knecht.
At the start of each hike, a friend lifts Knecht __9__ a carrier on Hahn's back. From that point on, she gives him oral directions to lead the way.
Hahn said, “It made me so happy to help someone experience what I've been able to experience my whole life. The best part is being able to make her smile—that gives me __10__.”
In addition to this sense of purpose, the two share an understanding of how __11__ it can be asking able bodied or sighted people for assistance in everyday life. They get immeasurable __12__ from being able to do this on their own.
While the two accept that others __13__ what they've been able to do, they're not looking for __14__—they just want others to encourage solutions for their friends with disabilities. Don't __15__ them because you think they won't be able to do something.
1．A.rose B．made
C．teamed D．ended
2．A.developed B．cured
C．spread D．diagnosed
3．A.handed B．argued
C．got D．bonded
4．A.opportunity B．competence
C．permission D．admission
5．A.On account of B．In spite of
C．On top of D．In view of
6．A.spoken B．opposite
C．confusing D．gesturing
7．A.optimism B．strength
C．guidance D．wisdom
8．A.Hopefully B．Instead
C．Together D．Similarly
9．A.over B．up
C．off D．into
10．A.relief B．courage
C．reward D．purpose
11．A.convenient B．difficult
C．ridiculous D．essential
12．A.suffering B．wealth
C．satisfaction D．depression
13．A.appreciate B．oppose
C．dismiss D．advocate
14．A.criticism B．attention
C．praise D．curiosity
15．A.convince B．reject
C．contact D．approach
Ⅲ.读后续写
[2022·河北石家庄二中联考]阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
An easy way out isn't always the easiest. I learned that lesson when I decided to treat my father to a special meal.I glanced through the cookbook and chose a menu which included homemade bread. Knowing the bread would take time, I started on it as soon as he left for work.
As I was not experienced in cooking, I thought if a dozen was good, two dozens would be better, so I doubled everything. As Dad loved oranges, I also opened a can of orange and poured it all into the bowl. Soon there was sticky dough (面团) covered with ugly yellowish marks. Realizing I had been defeated, I put the dough in the rubbish bin outside so that I wouldn't have to face Dad laughing at my work.
I went on preparing the rest of the meal, and, when Dad got home, we sat down to Cornish chicken with rice. He tried to enjoy the meal but seemed disturbed. Twice he got up and went outside, saying he thought he heard a noise. The third time he left, I went to the windows to see what he was doing.
Looking out, I saw Dad standing about three feet from the rubbish bin, holding the lid up with a stick and looking into the container. When I came out of the house, he dropped the stick and explained that there was something alive in the rubbish bin. Picking up the stick again, he held the lid up enough for me to see. I felt cold. But I stepped closer and looked harder.
Without doubt it was my work. The hot sun had caused the dough to double in size and the fermenting yeast (酵母) made the surface shake and sigh as though it was breathing. I had to admit what the “living thing” was and why it was there. I didn't know who was more embarrassed by the whole thing, Dad or me.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
My dad tapped me gently on the shoulder, and we went inside.
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At a party three months later, everyone wanted to try my bread.
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________________________________________________________________________练习55　阅读理解＋读后续写
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
2021·全国甲卷 议论文 290词 ★★★★☆
Who is a genius This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries.
Let's state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almost the international symbol for genius. But we want to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius itself. Why is it that some people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us And who are they
In the sciences and arts, those praised as geniuses were most often white men, of European origin. Perhaps this is not a surprise. It's said that history is written by the victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club—women, or people of a different color or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.
A study recently published by Science found that as young as age six, girls are less likely than boys to say that members of their gender (性别) are “really, really smart.” Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief: Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are “really, really smart.” Can our planet afford to have any great thinkers become discouraged and give up It doesn't take a genius to know the answer: absolutely not.
Here's the good news. In a wired world with constant global communication, we're all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear. And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors (因素) like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance (毅力), and simple good fortune, who are able to change the world.”
1．What does the author think of victors' standards for joining the genius club
A．They're unfair. B．They're conservative.
C．They're objective. D．They're strict.
2．What can we infer about girls from the study in Science
A．They think themselves smart.
B．They look up to great thinkers.
C．They see gender differences earlier than boys.
D．They are likely to be influenced by social beliefs.
3．Why are more geniuses known to the public
A．Improved global communication.
B．Less discrimination against women.
C．Acceptance of victors' concepts.
D．Changes in people's social positions.
4．What is the best title for the text
A．Geniuses Think Alike
B．Genius Takes Many Forms
C．Genius and Intelligence
D．Genius and Luck
B
2022·太原检测 应用文 264词 ★★★☆☆
INTRODUCTION
Chinese Government Scholarship program for international students is established by the Ministry of Education of China (MOE) aiming promote Chinese higher education brand on an international basis. China Scholarship Council, entrusted by the MOE, holds the responsibility of verification (认证), approval and the routine management of the program.
SCHOLARSHIP COVERAGE
Tuition; campus accommodation; medical
insurance and monthly allowance.
APPLICANTS
●Applicants must be non Chinese citizens and in good health.
●Applicants for a master's degree program must have a bachelor's degree and be under 35.
●Applicants for a doctoral degree program must have a master's degree and be under 40.
APPLICATION
1．Apply online at www. campuschina. org
2．Mail application documents to ECNU
●Application Form for Chinese Government
Scholarship.
●Highest diploma and academic transcripts (notarized photocopy). Documents in languages other than Chinese or English must be attached with notarized translation in Chinese or English.
●A research plan, It is required to be no more than 800 words.
●Recommendation letters. Applicants for postgraduate studies must submit two letters of recommendation in Chinese or English by professors or associate professors.
●Photocopy of Foreigner Physical Examination Form. Please select the appropriate time to take medical examination as it is valid (有效的) for only 180 days.
●HSK(the Chinese proficiency test)Certificate.
●Processing fee. The bank wire receipt should be enclosed in the application package.
3．Application date
Your application documents should reach the International Students Office of ECNU by 30th April.
APPROVAL AND NOTIFICATION
The result will be posted online at http：//lxs.ecnu. by the end of June.
5．What do we know about the program
A．There is no age limit for applicants.
B．The application is due on 30th June.
C．It is only for international students.
D．There are two websites for application.
6．What will applicants have to pay according to the text
A．Tuition.
B．Processing fee.
C．All living costs.
D．Medical examination charge.
7．Which of the following requirements for documents is correct
A．Longer research plans are preferred.
B．HSK certificate is valid for only 180 days.
C．Government officials give recommendation letters.
D．Education certificates in Chinese or English are accepted.
Ⅱ.读后续写
[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷]阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was the day of the big cross country run. Students from seven different primary schools in and around the small town were warming up and walking the route (路线) through thick evergreen forest.
I looked around and finally spotted David, who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence. He was small for ten years old. His usual big toothy smile was absent today. I walked over and asked him why he wasn't with the other children. He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run.
What was wrong He had worked so hard for this event!
I quickly searched the crowd for the school's coach and asked him what had happened. “I was afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at him，” he explained uncomfortably. “I gave him the choice to run or not, and let him decide.”
I bit back my frustration (懊恼). I knew the coach meant well—he thought he was doing the right thing. After making sure that David could run if he wanted, I turned to find him coming towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward.
David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children, but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid. He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were doing. That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross country team. It just took him longer—that's all. David had not missed a single practice, and although he always finished his run long after the other children, he did always finish. As a special education teacher at the school, I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me.
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I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners.
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答题策略
语法填空——非谓语动词的运用
非谓语动词的运用
① 作主语或介词宾语，该用动词 ing，而不用动词原形
② 作定语、状语、补语时，正确运用非谓语动词形式，记熟非谓语动词的各种形式及语法功能是正确做题的关键
③ 在“make＋宾语＋补语”结构中不用不定式符号to；在“ask sb. to do sth.”结构中不能丢掉to或to后错用成doing
④ 留意只接to do或只接动词 ing作宾语的动词或动词短语
⑤ 注意 ed和 ing形式的非谓语动词与其逻辑主语是被动还是主动关系，是正确解题的关键所在
⑥ 非谓语动词主动表被动的几种形式练习43　阅读理解＋应用文写作
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
2022·哈三中调研 应用文 285词 ★★★☆☆
The famous Spanish painter Pablo Picasso once said：“Every child is an artist. The problem he has is how to remain an artist once he grows up.”
This is both encouraging and discouraging: The fact that we were all born to be artists is certainly exciting，and yet the reality has proven that remaining one is a task that many of us have failed.
Fortunately, some people have seen the problem and want to solve it.
Western educators have suggested that we introduce the concept of “STEAM” instead of “STEM”—traditional “core majors (专业)” including science, technology, engineering, and math—since the “A”， which stands for “arts”， is just as important.
And on April 11, China's Ministry of Education issued a guideline. Colleges and universities are required to provide more art related courses and students need to earn a certain number of art credits (学分) in order to graduate.
These efforts came after many scientific studies had found that art education helps students develop self confidence and teamwork skills, as well as habits of mind such as problem solving and critical thinking, according to The Washington Post.
It's true that none of these skills targets specific jobs. But as former US ballet dancer Damian Woetzel told The Atlantic, the purpose of art is “to give kids the tools to become adults who are creative, adaptable, and expressive—capable of having their eyes and ears and senses alive”. And we can now see how we lost track of our born “artist self” on our way to growing up: We failed to keep our capabilities to see, hear and feel, and became blind, deaf and insensitive adults.
Hopefully, art education can help turn things around.
1．What is the function of the first paragraph
A．To introduce a famous artist.
B．To summarize the whole passage.
C．To lead in the topic.
D．To encourage us to be artists.
2．Why should the concept of “STEAM” be introduced
A．Art is as important as tradition “core majors”．
B．All of us should learn art in college.
C．Traditional “core majors” are out of date.
D．Western education is more helpful.
3．What can we predict from the guideline issued by China's Ministry of Education
A．More art－related courses will appear in all schools.
B．College students will have to gain enough art credits to graduate.
C．Fewer students will major in art at colleges and universities.
D．Art will become much more important than science.
4．What is the best title of the passage
A．Every child is an artist
B．Bringing art to life
C．Learning from the artists
D．Life is art
B
2022·福建六校联考 记叙文 342词 ★★★☆☆
For most climbers, reaching the peak of Mount Qomolangma once is a unique achievement. However, don't tell that to Kami Rita, who climbed up to the peak of the dangerous mountain for the 22nd time on May 16, 2018, breaking the previous record of 21 successful adventures he shared with two fellow guides. And the experienced mountaineer is not done yet! Before starting the recent climb, the 48 year old announced, “My goal is to reach the peak of Mount Qomolangma at least 25 times. I want to set a new record not just for myself but for my family, the Sherpa people and for my country, Nepal.”
Mr. Rita, who earns $10，000 for each Qomolangma expedition, has successfully climbed the mountain almost every year since the age of 24. In his spare time, the Sherpa guide leads visitors to the area's other high peaks, such as K 2, Cho Oyu, Manaslu, and Lhotse. Though the most accomplished, Mr. Rita is not the only climber in the family. His father was among the first professional guides to lead foreign mountaineers up Mount Qomolangma in 1950 and his brother has guided climbers to its peak 17 times. While Mr. Rita has avoided all the disasters, the experienced climber has witnessed his share of tragedies. In 2014, he was at base camp when an avalanche (雪崩) killed 16 Sherpa guides, including five from his team. The following year, an earthquake triggered snowslide buried 19 people at base camp. The only reason Mr. Rita escaped was that his team's tents were situated away from the central area.
However, the mountaineer believes that the improvement in equipment and weather forecasting systems has made climbing Mount Qomolangma slightly easier than it was when he began. He said, “The dangers are still there. But we are not climbing blind like we used to. We are better informed about weather and other conditions on the mountain. Even our visitors are more aware, and they train themselves for at least a year before attempting Mount Qomolangma.”
5．What do we know about Kami Rita
A．He began to work as a guide at the age of 24.
B．He used to guide visitors to Lhotse once a year.
C．He has reached the peak of Mount Qomolangma the most times.
D．He climbed Mount Qomolangma in 2018 with two fellow guides.
6．Why does Kami Rita want to continue to reach the top of Mount Qomolangma
A．He regards it as great fun.
B．He is eager to win the $10，000 award.
C．He wants to break his brother's record.
D．He considers setting new records important.
7．Why could Kami Rita avoid the disasters mentioned in paragraph 3
A．He was fortunate enough.
B．He knew how to avoid them.
C．He was rescued by his team members.
D．He just stayed at home and relaxed.
8．What is implied in the last paragraph
A．The previous dangers are still hard to avoid now.
B．Weather forecasting systems should be improved greatly.
C．New technologies make climbing Mount
Qomolangma safer.
D．Climbers are better trained and closely watched over on the way.
Ⅱ.应用文写作
[2022·山东省实验中学高三模拟]假定你是李华，你班英国交换生Jack下周要回国，你周六因参加汉语诗词比赛，不能参加同学们为他举行的欢送派对，请根据以下要点给他写一封电子邮件。
1．回顾美好时光；
2．说明不能参加派对的原因；
3．表达美好祝愿。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jack，
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Best wishes.
Yours，
Li Hua
答题策略
语法填空——定语从句
定语从句题的解题步骤(1)
例题 But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid 1980s，________ I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.
步骤 ① 确定先行词the mid 1980s指物，从that, which, whose, when, why, where中选择(见上一个答题策略表格)
② 确定the mid 1980s在从句中作时间状语，故用when引导定语从句
答案 when 先行词the mid 1980s表示时间，且在从句中作时间状语，故用关系副词when引导定语从句练习35　七选五＋完形填空＋读后续写
Ⅰ.七选五
2022·浙江杭州期中 说明文 272词 ★★☆☆☆
How to Grow Organic Tomatoes in a Container
Anyone who has seen tomatoes growing in a garden knows that they tend to be huge plants. __1__ So the first thing to do when considering growing tomatoes in a pot is to find a suitable variety.
After you find the perfect plant, it is time to plant it. In general, plastic or fiberglass pots are best for growing tomatoes. They don't dry out quickly. While tomatoes love heat, they don't like being dry. And dry soil can reduce fruit production. Besides, tomatoes need to grow in a reasonably large pot. A pot must be 8 inches deep. __2__ A 12 or 16 inch pot is even better.
Any good quality organic potting soil works for tomatoes. Don't use soil dug directly from the garden. __3__ Compost (混合肥料) based soil, whether purchased or mixed from your special recipe, is nice. When planting the tomato, put some soil in the bottom of the pot and set the plant in. After you have the plant set at the proper level, fill in around it with soil. The soil should go up to about an inch below the edge of the pot to allow room for watering.
__4__ The best way to tell when to water is to stick your finger into the soil—if the first two inches are dry, it's time to water.
The trickiest thing about growing tomatoes in a pot is that they are heavy feeders. Every time you water, you wash the goodness out of the soil. So fertilize (施肥) regularly. Once a month is good. But every other week, applying the fertilizer at half strength is better. __5__
A．That's the absolute minimum.
B．That's why clay pots are popular.
C．It is too heavy for container gardens.
D．Instead, use whatever soil you can get.
E．This provides constant nutrients for the tomato plants.
F．They require people's much work to stay
manageable.
G．Tomatoes don't like being dry, so water them regularly.
Ⅱ.完形填空
2022·广东惠州调研 记叙文 268词 ★★★★☆
My family went on holiday for a week this summer. I was surprised to learn the sleeping __1__ for the night—my young daughter had agreed to sleep in a first floor bedroom by herself.
As we __2__， we discussed the deer we had __3__ on our way. “I hope we could see a bear or two this __4__！” my wife shouted. At bedtime, my wife and I went to the upstairs room, and my parents in law headed for a __5__ on the first floor. My wife and I were about to sleep when our daughter appeared with a(n) __6__ look on her face. She said a __7__ was scratching at her window. I decided it would be best if I slept downstairs and my daughter shared the room with my wife.
On my way down, I passed my father in law, asleep in front of the __8__.
I was in bed only a few minutes when I heard taps on the window outside. Something was indeed out there. __9__， it wasn't a bear—I told myself. I fell asleep soon. Some time later, I was __10__ by a strange sound. I saw a large __11__ in the doorway and froze as it __12__ closer to me. I realized what it was—only after my father in law bent down to give me a kiss.
“It's David.” I said. My father in law jumped back. We laughed __13__ at the surprising moment, and I explained his granddaughter's bedroom __14__. I told him that the only thing __15__ than a bear attack was Papa Bear coming in to kiss me goodnight.
1．A.schedules B．arrangements
C．plots D．routines
2．A.settled in B．broke in
C．looked down D．calmed down
3．A.shot B．hunted
C．trained D．spotted
4．A.evening B．week
C．month D．year
5．A.study B．kitchen
C．bedroom D．bathroom
6．A.worried B．embarrassed
C．delighted D．satisfied
7．A.dog B．deer
C．cat D．bear
8．A.house B．television
C．door D．fire
9．A.Besides B．Therefore
C．Otherwise D．However
10．A.awakened B．interrupted
C．impressed D．struck
11．A.figure B．person
C．animal D．ghost
12．A.climbed B．jumped
C．inched D．rolled
13．A.eagerly B．sincerely
C．secretly D．awkwardly
14．A.preference B．switch
C．difference D．choice
15．A.prettier B．funnier
C．scarier D．stranger
Ⅲ.读后续写
[2022·烟台市高考适应性练习]阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On a Saturday afternoon in Wichita Falls, Texas, three kids talked and laughed happily as they took turns riding a scooter (滑板车) on their quiet street. 11 year old TJ Smith had just jumped off the scooter as his neighbors Kim, age 7, claimed her turn, and Julie, 9, looked on. Ten minutes later, Kim sat down on the scooter to catch her breath. That was when a bearded man with a head of messy hair appeared. The kids didn't see where he came from, but they saw exactly what happened next: Without saying a word, the man picked Kim up off the scooter and calmly stepped away.
The guy held Kim gently like a baby and just walked down the street. In fact, the calm way the man behaved led TJ to believe that he must be a relative of Kim's. But something wasn't right. “I could see Kim's face，” TJ said. “She was scared.”
As the man walked on, Kim's fear transformed into weeps, and then she cried for help. She began kicking and moving, trying to get free of the man's control. “What are you doing？” Julie shouted. But the man, undisturbed, just walked the length of the block until he reached an alley (小巷) and disappeared.
TJ was frightened, yet he never thought about the danger to himself. The only thing he wanted to do was to get Kim back. But what was a 4 foot tall kid going to do to stop a grown man “I wanted to help, but I couldn't do it myself，” he thought to himself. “Tell Kim's parents, Julie！” He shouted as he started running towards the alley.
Kim's parents were relaxing on the sofa in their living room when their front door burst open.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
“A bad guy just picked Kim up and took her away！” yelled Julie.
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At that very moment, Kim's parents arrived.
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答题策略
语法填空——非谓语动词
非谓语动词之间区分步骤实例(1)
例题 When electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people________ (live) in remote areas began to use them to produce electricity.
步骤 ① 找逻辑主语：people发生live这一动作，people是逻辑主语
② 判断主被动关系：people与live之间是逻辑上的主动关系
③ 判断时间关系：live动作与谓语动作began同时发生，用living
答案 living　逻辑主语people与live之间存在逻辑上的主动关系，live动作与谓语动词began动作同时发生，故用其动词 ing形式living作后置定语，修饰people。练习42　语法填空＋阅读理解＋应用文写作
Ⅰ.语法填空
2022·陕西西安调研 说明文 188词 ★★★☆☆
Woodcarving is a branch of carving. It is one of the traditional Chinese art forms with a time honored history. It originated in the Neolithic period, and the 1.________ (begin) of woodcarving accompanied people's everyday life demands. Later, when people had 2.________ ability to use their imagination to express ideas, it became a kind of art. The earliest existing woodcarving 3.________ (dig) out in the 1980s in Hubei Province, which is believed 4.________ (have) a history of over two thousand years. Generally, Chinese woodcarving in ancient times 5.________ (consist) of three major categories: architecture carving, furniture carving and artwork carving.
Woodcarving serves practical purposes and at the same time is 6.________ decorative value. Chairs, tables, shelves, animals, flowers and human figures 7.________ (carve) out of wood are common examples of this form of art. In a poem by Han Yu, 8.________ was an outstanding poet of the Tang Dynasty, he described a wood carved figure vividly.
Chinese woodcarving is appreciated worldwide for its 9.________ (true) detailed structures and the beauty of its themes. Today, many 10.________ (impress) woodcarvings can be seen in private galleries and also in residential areas on both sides of the Yangtze River.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
2022·杭州模拟 说明文 286词 ★★★☆☆
Editor's note：
Blake is the China
Representative for Wildaid, an environmental organization focused on reducing demand for wildlife products. In his past 15 years living in China, he has witnessed the changes of public attitudes and government policies about wildlife protection. In this interview, he talks about wildlife consumption (消费) in China and the ongoing revision of China's Wildlife Protection Law.
CGTN：How has COVID 19 changed public attitudes towards wildlife consumption in China
Blake：Ever since the outbreak of COVID 19 earlier this year, it's been something that I've never seen on this scale before—the outpouring of public attention and discussion around consumption of wildlife. Everybody was talking about ending wildlife consumption all over the place. And we really need to revise our regulations and our relationships with nature and wildlife consumption.
CGTN：What do you think of the criticism against China over wildlife consumption following COVID 19
Blake: I think there's a lot of misunderstanding globally around the consumption of wildlife in China. For one, wildlife consumption happens in every country. We all consume wildlife in one form or another. So__it's__definitely__far__from__a__China__problem.
But with the outbreak of this disease China acted incredibly fast to close down all sales of wildlife. And China's working on updating its policies and regulations around this consumption. And so that's really admirable.
But again, by China taking such strong action on this, it's not going to solve the problem because it happens all over the world. We really need a global movement. We need to see these live sales close down across the world.
CGTN: What are some of the challenges to wildlife protection in China
Blake: A major challenge is that the industry around wildlife consumption is so vast and varied. It involves tens of billions of dollars annually worth of production and consumption. Millions of people's jobs and livelihoods are involved. And so it's a vast system. There's no easy answer to really improving it in a quick way.
But I think that's one of the issues that need solving now in revising the wildlife protection law and other regulations that I think we're going to see coming up soon.
CGTN: What will be some of the biggest changes to the WPL with the new revision
Blake: The biggest change to the law on wildlife protection after these upcoming revisions will be clarity on which species of wildlife can be consumed as food. Currently, there's a ban on all of it right now until these regulations come out. But there will be a clarified list that states which wildlife can be consumed as food.
1．What does the author really want to tell us by saying “So it's definitely far from a China problem.”？
A．The wildlife protection really needs a global movement.
B．The wildlife consumption happens across the world now.
C．The criticism over China's wildlife consumption is wrong.
D．China's strong action can't solve the problem very well.
2．What does the underlined word “something” in paragraph 3 refer to
A．Great attention to wildlife consumption.
B．The outbreak of COVID 19 this year.
C．Much wildlife consumption in China.
D．China's Wildlife Protection Law.
3．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．The Effects of the COVID－19 on Wildlife
Consumption
B．The Challenges to Wildlife Protection All Over the World
C．CGTN's Interview with the China Representative for WTO
D．China's Wildlife Protection Law: What Changes to Look Forward to
B
2021·全国甲卷 记叙文 320词 ★★☆☆☆
When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on a gray January morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery.
Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing. I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don't worry about it. Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam (横杆), I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: “Safe!__Safe!__Safe！” And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater.
When I was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the locals were far less welcoming. Within a couple of years, I'd given it up.
When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending hours there. I've traveled back several times since, most recently this past spring. The day was cold but clear; tourists and Londoners stopped to watch the skaters. Weaving (穿梭) among the kids who rushed by on their boards, I found my way to the beam. Then a rail thin teenager, in a baggy white T shirt, skidded (滑) up to the beam. He sat next to me. He seemed not to notice the man next to him. But soon I caught a few of his glances. “I was a local here 20 years ago，” I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. “Safe, man. Safe.”
“Yeah，” I said. “Safe.”
4．What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London
A．He felt disappointed.
B．He gave up his hobby.
C．He liked the weather there.
D．He had disagreements with his family.
5．What do the underlined words “Safe! Safe! Safe！” probably mean
A．Be careful! B．Well done!
C．No way! D．Don't worry!
6．Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London
A．To join the skateboarding.
B．To make new friends.
C．To learn more tricks.
D．To relive his childhood days.
7．What message does the author seem to convey in the text
A．Children should learn a second language.
B．Sport is necessary for children's health.
C．Children need a sense of belonging.
D．Seeing the world is a must for children.
Ⅲ.应用文写作
[2022·云南民族大学附中月考]假定你是李华，已高中毕业20年，今日从报纸上获悉母校将要举行100周年校庆，你将要给你远在美国的高中同桌Peter发一封80词左右的电子邮件，相约一起回母校参加活动，要点如下：
1．问候昔日同桌，回忆同学友情；2.校庆活动介绍；3.捐设奖学金。
参考词汇：百年校庆100th anniversary
celebration; 奖学金scholarship
Dear Peter，
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Yours，
Li Hua练习41　语法填空＋七选五＋完形填空
Ⅰ.语法填空
2022·吉林摸底 说明文 219词 ★★★☆☆
For many people in the world, food waste has become a habit: buying more food than we need at markets, 1.________ (let) fruit and vegetables spoil at home or taking more than we can eat.
These habits put extra pressure 2.________ our natural resources and damage our environment. When we waste food, we waste so much labor, energy, 3.________ (invest) and the precious resources that go into producing it, not to mention the resources for transporting and processing it. In short, wasting food increases greenhouse gas emissions and 4.________ (contribute) to climate change.
It's 5.________ urgent issue. In fact, tons of food is lost or wasted 6.________ (global) every day. The part of food that is lost from harvest up to, but not including, the retail level is called food loss. The part wasted at the consumer or retail level 7.________ (refer) to as food waste. We make this distinction to address those root 8.________ (cause) of this problem, a problem that everyone from farmers and producers to customers can help solve.
Reducing food loss and waste is essential in a world 9.________ millions of people go hungry every day. When we reduce waste, we know that food is hard won. It's up to us 10.________ (change) our habits to make not wasting food a way of life!
Ⅱ.七选五
2022·八省联考 说明文 310词 ★★★☆☆
Apps (short for applications) are becoming increasingly popular nowadays, and for good reason. They can help you out in just about every area of your life, whether it's keeping fit, communicating with friends, or even learning a language. __1__ Here's what you should think about before downloading an app for language learning.
·Learn from diverse sources (not just apps)
Any seasoned language learner will tell you that the beauty of mastering a foreign language is the world which it opens up to you. This is a world of diverse sources (来源) of information, from newspapers and books to TV, radio, music and even real people. Would you limit yourself to one medium in your native language __2__
·Establish your purpose and plan your habits
Do you want to be fluent in weeks or are you in it for the brain training The good apps are designed to help you fit your studies around your timetable. __3__ These apps encourage habit building, because the successful formation of a habit ensures your safe and regular return.
·Make it social
__4__ I mean social for real. I owe the speed of progress I made in Italian to the support from Jim, my partner in study time. Find a friend to accompany you. Take an evening class. Borrow a book. Buy a book. Book a week away and attend a language school. Just don't forget your phone!
If I may speak sincerely, the combination of app, language school, Jim, evenings out, and a choice book or two proved extremely effective. __5__
A．I recommend it.
B．Remember that an app is just a tool.
C．No, I don't mean posting your progress online.
D．I encourage you to use apps as often as you can.
E．Probably not, so why do so in your new language
F．The best apps adapt themselves based upon your behavior.
G．However, you need to know how to use them properly to really benefit.
Ⅲ.完形填空
2022·湖北黄冈调研 记叙文 254词 ★★★☆☆
As a kid, I remember that whenever my dad was repairing something, he would ask me to hold the hammer, so we'd have time to talk with each other.
When I left for college, my dad would __1__ me every Sunday morning. Years later, when I bought a house, my dad __2__ it in the summer heat. All he asked me to do was to __3__ his brush and talk to him. But I was too __4__ those days to talk with him.
Four years ago, there was a time when my dad was putting together a swing set for my daughter. He asked me to bring him a cup of tea and have a __5__ with him, but I had to prepare for a trip that weekend.
One Sunday morning we were talking on the phone __6__， and I noticed my dad had __7__ some things we discussed recently. I was in a hurry, so our conversation was __8__. Later that day came a call. My father had had an aneurysm (动脉瘤) and was in the hospital. __9__ I flew back and on my way I was thinking about all the __10__ opportunities to talk with my dad.
By the time I arrived, my father had __11__. Then it was he who didn't have time for a(n) __12__ with me. After his death I __13__ much more about him. All he __14__ was only my time. And now I have __15__ that nothing is more important than my company with my dear parents.
1．A.witness B．call
C．instruct D．discover
2．A.painted B．visited
C．repaired D．tidied
3．A.find B．hold
C．bring D．clean
4．A.upset B．happy
C．busy D．disappointed
5．A.talk B．meal
C．game D．walk
6．A.on time B．all the time
C．as well D．as usual
7．A.understood B．promoted
C．remembered D．forgotten
8．A.joyful B．annoying
C．short D．delayed
9．A.Suddenly B．Immediately
C．Personally D．Fortunately
10．A.missed B．valuable
C．rare D．good
11．A.passed by B．passed away
C．died out D．set off
12．A.laugh B．trip
C．adventure D．conversation
13．A.complained B．learned
C．cared D．guessed
14．A.commanded B．expressed
C．requested D．reminded
15．A.concerned B．ignored
C．conquered D．recognized
答题策略
语法填空——定语从句
先行词的四种情况 可选择的关系词
指人 who/that, whom, whose
指物 that, which, whose, when, why, where
指人和物 that
无先行词(指代主句全句) as, which
关系词 在从句中可作的成分
that, which, who 主语、宾语、表语
whom 宾语、表语
whose 定语
when, where, why 状语
关系词的判断步骤
①确定先行词的情况；②确定所填词在从句中的成分；③按照上边两个表格确定关系词 注意：只用that和只用which的情况练习56　语法填空＋七选五＋完形填空
Ⅰ.语法填空
2022·江苏苏州调研 议论文 191词 ★★★☆☆
A physicist, doctor, lawyer, garbage collector, etc. without a sense of humor can still be satisfied with what they do. But a creative person 1.________ is humorless could never consistently produce great work if they don't communicate with the vast majority of people with warmth and humanity. Humor in 2.________ (creative) is like humor in life. People often ask me, “Does humor work in advertising？” But that's a stupid question. Has anyone 3.________ asked, “Does humor work in life？” If humor is appropriate and funny, it should “work”. The question should be, “How can you 4.________ (possible) create things without humor？” Certainly, in all forms of communication, humor is a 5.________ (nature) way to win 6.________ (someone) heart. In examining my work, lectures, and books I have written over the years, it's difficult to isolate “humor” as a category because it 7.________ (run) through almost everything I do—and through most of my 8.________ (wake) hours. Humor disarms people and makes them more accepting of 9.________ (thought) and images that could be hard to take in serious discourse. Say something serious in a funny way, 10.________ you can win over people every time.
Ⅱ.七选五
2021·全国甲卷 说明文 233词 ★★★★☆
Swap, Don't Shop!
You keep hearing about recycling, right But it doesn't end with bottles, cans, and paper. Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources (资源) to make, and buying loads of new clothing (or throwing out old clothing) is not healthy for the environment. So what to do with all those perfectly good but you're maybe a little sick of them clothes piled on your bedroom floor __1__. It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.
Invite 5－10 people so you have a nice selection. __2__， and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
__3__. They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.
Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room. __4__. Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on. One of the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on.
Set a starting time. Maybe you say “go，” or turn on a certain song, or whatever. __5__. And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!
A．Less people than that
B．Hold a clothing swap
C．If two people are competing
D．Just keep music playing throughout
E．Donate whatever clothes are left over
F．Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G．Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
Ⅲ.完形填空
2022·湖北百校联考 记叙文 261词 ★★★☆☆
Seven years earlier, I stood at the golden gate of retirement. As I __1__ what I would do next, I recalled a volunteer role called “baby cuddler” in the NICU at one of the local hospitals. I had long __2__ to be one but just never had the time. I had always loved the __3__ environment, both in work and volunteer settings. Wanting to be a nurse when I was younger but never realizing the dream only helped fuel my __4__.
As a brand new volunteer, I started out a little on the __5__ side. My first day __6__， I forgot where the sinks were for hand washing—and I walked right past them. If a baby I held cried, I would just rock faster. I __7__ every nursery rhyme I could remember, and the babies __8__ me by crying louder.
I thought back to my earliest baby holding days when I was only six years old and __9__ my first little nephew, I was excited to be trusted. By age twenty, I had nine nieces and nephews. I've had a lot of __10__ in holding babies. And it seemed to __11__. The baby might sense my confidence, quickly __12__ and fell asleep.
Gone are my nerve filled, __13__ days as a new volunteer. I am happy to share all I have learned. I openly share my __14__， hoping them not to do what I did. And I also share the joys, telling them this is the perfect volunteer job for me. I __15__ love volunteering here!
1．A.realized B．wondered
C．concluded D．doubted
2．A.hated B．demanded
C．desired D．feared
3．A.education B．growth
C．healthcare D．production
4．A.ambition B．kindness
C．pride D．enthusiasm
5．A.curious B．romantic
C．nervous D．patient
6．A.on duty B．at present
C．in school D．online
7．A.wrote B．sang
C．recorded D．taught
8．A.reminded B．rewarded
C．supported D．urged
9．A.held B．raised
C．protected D．trained
10．A.service B．data
C．experience D．belief
11．A.fail B．begin
C．happen D．work
12．A.gave up B．passed away
C．kept on D．settled down
13．A.comfortable B．forgetful
C．relaxing D．peaceful
14．A.shortcomings B．adventures
C．intentions D．expectations
15．A.initially B．randomly
C．constantly D．absolutely
答题策略
语法填空——词性运用
常见的词性运用
① 作主语、宾语、介词宾语应用名词或代词，而不用其他词性
② 作表语应用形容词，而不用副词形式
③ 修饰谓语动词、非谓语动词、形容词或全句作状语应用副词，而不用形容词练习18　阅读理解＋读后续写
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
2022·黑龙江一模 说明文 290词 ★★☆☆☆
We all love animals, but animals don't feel the same way about us. When we enter their wild world, we are “unnatural” invaders into their homes.
There was a video many of you may have seen on the Internet recently of a bear and its cub (幼崽) climbing up a steep, snow－covered hill in Russia. The mama bear makes it to the top without too much trouble, but the baby bear keeps sliding back down. It takes three attempts to reach the top and, no doubt, many cheered at the cub's never－give－up spirit. But nature scientists who saw the video didn't cheer.
Instead, the scientists were upset that the two bears had been frightened into making a dangerous, unnecessary climb by the drone (无人机) that was filming them. Sophie Gilbert of the University of Idaho said, “It showed a complete lack of understanding from the drone operator of the effects his actions were having on the bears.” Other scientists have found that when a drone is hovering near, a bear's heart rate can increase from 41 beats per minute to 162 beats per minute—a high enough rate to cause a heart attack.
Human disturbance has actually been having a far－reaching influence on wildlife. Researchers at the University of Berkeley recently found that many mammals(哺乳动物) are turning into “night owls” again to avoid contact with humans. Such a shift might not only affect those species themselves, but also have numerous chain effects.
We human beings find ourselves in a strange position in nature. We are part of it but also separate from it, now more than ever, since most of us live in cities. So, when we go off hiking into wild areas to “re－connect” with nature, we should go softly and considerately. It's OK to get close to our animal friends, just not too close—we wouldn't want to scare them, would we
1．What does the video feature
A．The baby bear's climbing.
B．The mama bear's care.
C．The dangerous environment.
D．The experiment by scientists.
2．Why didn't nature scientists cheer
A．They knew the lion's family well.
B．They were against other scientists.
C．They knew the cause of the bears' climbing.
D．They lacked understanding of the drone operator.
3．What may be the effect of human disturbance on wildlife
A．Food shortage.
B．Changing habitats.
C．Ecological imbalance.
D．Less contact with humans.
4．What does the author seem to agree with
A．Lose connection with schools.
B．Respect the human－animal distance.
C．Tighten the bond with wild plants.
D．Shoot more videos on animals for study.
B
2022·河南名校联考 说明文 302词 ★★★☆☆
The UK's first fully solar－powered home, which removes the need to ever receive a gas or electricity bill again, has gone on sale, but it will cost you ￡1.2 million.
The timber－framed home in Great Glen, Leicestershire, contains a number of “zero－carbon features” including solar electric energy, triple glazing(三层玻璃) and rainwater storage. It is entirely heated by underground water－filled tubes that are warmed by solar energy from rooftop panels. The house was designed and built by Caplin Homes and covers two acres of land. The design and construction, down to the materials, were used specifically for their low carbon footprint.
The solar panels on the roof of the five－bedroom house are called hybrids because they collect both electrical and thermal (热的) energy. Solar walls preheat (预热) incoming air, and an Earth Energy Bank (EEB) and heat pump can store heat, and get it back for use when temperatures drop. The south－facing triple－glazed windows are said to also improve the house's energy management during the winter.
All the technologies are regulated by a control system, which monitors the inside and outside temperatures, how much energy is being received by the solar panels, and the heat levels in the EEB domestic hot water tank. Due to its low energy design, the Solar House is expected to only require heat from the EEB for about 10 weeks of the year.
For ￡1.2 million, buyers also get two garages. Estate agent Anthony Fox said the possibility of no bills for gas or electricity was a big draw for potential owners: the idea is that your bills pretty much disappear and the house is self－sustaining and self－sufficient. That was a big aspect for most of the people who came to have a look around. “Everyone was very keen to learn how the house worked.” He added.
5．Which is true about the UK's first fully solar－powered home
A．It is directly heated by rooftop panels.
B．It has a set of heat－storage devices available.
C．Its walls can keep cold air from coming in to store heat.
D．The triple－glazed windows collect electrical and thermal energy.
6．What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 4
A．The monitoring of the temperature.
B．The function of the control system.
C．The amount of the received energy.
D．The significance of new technologies.
7．What's a big attraction for potential buyers according to Anthony Fox
A．No gas or electricity bill.
B．Two additional garages.
C．The reasonable price.
D．The unique scenery.
8．What is the main purpose of the text
A．To advertise a zero－carbon factory.
B．To recommend an amazing park.
C．To introduce a solar－powered house.
D．To explain how a low－energy car works.
Ⅱ.读后续写
[2022·湖南长沙一中月考]阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Peter, a 5 year old boy, showed such great interest in sea shells that he would rush to pick them up with his 3 year old sister, Shirley. They screamed out in joy as Peter collected his treasure into his pockets. For Peter, sea shells lying shinning on the peaceful beach, waiting for him, were just like stars twinkling (闪烁) in the sky. As waves touched them, they seemed to be flowers blooming (绽放) in gentle wind.
One day, Peter was wandering through a market with Shirley, with some shells in his pocket. Suddenly Peter found his younger sister was lagging (落后) behind him. He stopped and looked back, finding Shirley was standing in front of a toy shop and was staring at something with great interest.
The boy went back to her and asked, “What do you want？” Shirley pointed at the doll, wearing a smile on her innocent face. Peter held his younger sister's tiny hand, walking into the shop. He tiptoed (踮起脚尖) to reach for the doll, and like a responsible elder brother, gave the precious doll to Shirley. Holding tightly the doll, the sister was very very happy.
The shopkeeper was watching everything and amused to see the matured (成熟的) behavior of the boy. Then the boy came to the counter and asked the shopkeeper, “How much does this doll cost, Sir？”
The shopkeeper was a friendly man, who had always been loving kids in his life. So he asked the boy with love and affection, “Well, what can you pay？” Peter reached into his clothes for money that was intended for these two little guys' breakfast. Having counted the money, Peter put it carefully on the counter, asking again, “Sir, is it enough for my little sister's doll？”
The amusing scene just in front of the shopkeeper eventually brought a smile to his face. Shaking his head slightly, he replied, “My boy, I am afraid it seems not to be enough.”
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
With his eyes fixed on Peter's pocket, he wondered what Peter would do. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Seeing Peter leaving happily with his sister holding the doll tightly, an assistant in that shop got surprised.
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________________________________________________________________________练习2　单句语法填空＋七选五＋完形填空
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(介词)
1．[2022·广东深圳实验学校联考]Here you'll be in one of the world's most remote locations, but still have access ________ hot showers and well prepared meals.
2．[2022·山东春季二模·改编]Happiness is on the basis ________ your feelings in your heart.
3．[2022·湖南长沙二中检测]The police believe that the same man is responsible ________ three other murders in the area.
4．[2022·湖北华中师大二附中月考]When the explorers first set foot ________ the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife.
5．They believe they can achieve anything merely ________ clicking a button.
6．In the long run, the advantages of online education extend beyond the students and their employers to the effect ________ the economy.
7．The gentleman who asked about our intention had left his credit card number to pay ________ our order and then walked off.
8．I know that her high standards have helped me stay focused ________ what's important.
9．To make a huge success, a scientist has to be prepared to get ________ deep trouble.
10．Unfortunately, in his twenties, he suffered ________ a disease that couldn't be cured, which was a great challenge for him.
Ⅱ.七选五
2022·新高考Ⅰ卷 说明文 300词 ★★★☆☆
Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One reason was：“You'll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym，” while another read：“__1__” With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition.
So, how do you find a workout partner
First of all, decide what you want from that person. __2__ Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.
You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won't result in a useful response. __3__ If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number.__4__
You and your partner will probably have different skills. __5__ Over time, both of you will benefit—your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.
A．Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B．A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C．You'll work harder if you train with someone else.
D．Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E．How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice
F．Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G．Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
Ⅲ.完形填空
2022·新高考Ⅰ卷 记叙文 246词 ★★☆☆☆
My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.
Some of our __1__ are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we __2__ along Chalk Creek. I was __3__ that our 15 month old boy would fall into the creek (小溪). I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was __4__， and his crying let the whole campground know it. So __5__ tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It __6__—he didn't end up in the creek. My three year old, however, did.
Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we __7__， but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly __8__ our peaceful morning trip. The __9__ picked up and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to __10__ the motor. Nothing. He tried again. No __11__. We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there __12__， a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed (拖) us back. We were __13__.
Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of __14__， wondering what camping fun and __15__ we will experience next.
1．A.ideas B．jokes
C．memories D．discoveries
2．A.camped B．drove
C．walked D．cycled
3．A.annoyed B．surprised
C．disappointed D．worried
4．A.unhurt B．unfortunate
C．uncomfortable D．unafraid
5．A.due to B．instead of
C．apart from D．as for
6．A.worked B．happened
C．mattered D．changed
7．A.signed up B．calmed down
C．checked out D．headed off
8．A.arranged B．interrupted
C．completed D．recorded
9．A.wind B．noise
C．temperature D．speed
10．A.find B．hide
C．start D．fix
11．A.luck B．answer
C．wonder D．signal
12．A.patiently B．tirelessly
C．doubtfully D．helplessly
13．A.sorry B．brave
C．safe D．right
14．A.relief B．duty
C．pride D．excitement
15．A.failure B．adventure
C．performance D．conflict
黄金考点
语法填空——冠词
考点3 用在序数词前或最高级前
考例 The plum trees are ________ first to flower even as the snow is melting (融化)．
点拨 在序数词first前，要用定冠词the。
考点4 冠词用于固定短语
考例 Unexpectedly, I'm face to face with the gorilla (大猩猩), who begins screaming at ________ top of her lungs.
点拨 at the top of“在……的顶上； 在……的顶点”，为固定搭配， 故填the。练习28　阅读理解＋完形填空
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
2022·辽宁六校联考 应用文 285词 ★★☆☆☆
We never know when we will do something greater. But it usually happens when we least expect it. When John Kinney turned up at Gloria Scott's house in Woburn, Massachusetts, he thought he was there to repair the 72－year－old woman's lights.
After completing the job, John went home, but he kept thinking about Gloria and a lot of other repairs much needed—pipe damage, holes in the ceiling dangerous front steps, the leaking roof and so on. She told him that she lived alone and felt lonely.
John decided to take action. Even though he couldn't rebuild her whole house, he could make it safe and livable for her. He worked on Gloria's home by himself for free before getting some friends and volunteers involved. But there were so many repairs needed, so he looked for more help online, with a simple description of the situation: “Nice old lady needs help.” In just 24 hours, $3，500 was already raised. And he also had loads of volunteers turning up to lend a helping hand.
While this all has been going on, Gloria has enjoyed watching the process and getting to know the volunteers. She's been here by herself for over 10 years, so it's a big change for her. She's so happy and has got all types of new friends. She's out here making lunch for these kind volunteers, laughing and joking. It's just a miracle to witness. Meanwhile, John's whole family have formed a special bond with the 72－year－old woman. Even all the repairs done, John continues visiting. “She reminds me of my grandmother，” he said. “It doesn't stop here. Gloria is a part of my life.”
1．Why did John Kinney go to Gloria Scott's house at first
A．To fix her lights.
B．To keep her company.
C．To do regular inspection.
D．To do some voluntary work.
2．What can we learn from the text
A．The volunteers donated $3，500 altogether.
B．John Kinney liked to make a miracle.
C．Gloria Scott became social gradually.
D．Many people came to make friends with Gloria Scott.
3．Which of the following can best describe John Kinney
A．Patient and creative.
B．Humorous and devoted.
C．Loyal and creative.
D．Warm－hearted and generous.
4．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Nice Old Man Needs Help
B．Animals Become Part of a Family
C．Kindness Rebuilds the House and Its Owner
D．Ordinary Women Lend a Helping Hand Selflessly
B
2022·湖南中学调研 记叙文 314词 ★★★☆☆
Reese Witherspoon was born on March 22, 1976 in New Orleans, Louisiana. She is the second child of the family. Reese spent the first four years of her life in Wiesbaden, Germany, where her father John Witherspoon served in the US Army Reserves. Shortly after, John moved the family back to the United States, settling in Nashville, Tennessee.
Reese was introduced to the entertainment industry at a very early age. At age 7, she began modeling. This led to appearances on several local television commercials. At age 11, she was placed first in a Ten State Talent Fair.
In 1990, she landed her first major acting role in The Man in the Moon (1991). Her role as a 14 year old tomboy earned her good reviews. Roles in bigger films such as Jack the Bear (1993) and A Far Off Place (1993) followed shortly after.
Following high school graduation in 1994, Reese decided to have a pause in her acting career and attend Stanford University where she would major in English literature. However, her plans were shortly stopped when she accepted roles to star in two major motion pictures. Although neither film was a huge box office success, they did help to make Reese a rising star in Hollywood and open the door for bigger and better film roles.
Her breakthrough role came as Elle Woods in the 2001 comedy Legally Blonde. In box office terms, the movie was a great success and made Reese one of the top female stars in Hollywood. In the year 2014, she produced both Gone Girl and Wild, for which she got nominated (提名) for a best actress Oscar again for her role.
Reese is actively involved in children's and women's advocacy organizations. She is a longtime supporter of Save the Children, an organization that helps provide children around the world with education, health care and emergency aid.
5．Why did Reese stop her studies at Stanford University
A．Because she starred in two successful films.
B．Because she was more famous in Hollywood.
C．Because she didn't want to get higher education.
D．Because she couldn't balance studies and acting.
6．Which film made Reese most famous
A．The Man in the Moon.
B．Legally Blonde.
C．A Far Off Place.
D．Jack the Bear.
7．What is the author's attitude toward Reese
A．Caring. B．Admiring.
C．Critical. D．Defensive.
8．How does the passage develop
A．Giving examples.
B．Using figures.
C．Following the order of time.
D．Making comparison.
Ⅱ.完形填空
2022·河北唐山期中 记叙文 263词 ★★★☆☆
Five years ago, I left my job to work on a ship. My friends said that working on a ship would __1__ my career, but I was willing to take the risk.
__2__ for the adventure, I boarded a ship with 2，000 passengers and crew. To my __3__， the ship was well equipped. The first voyage was a learning experience. There was so much new information to __4__. Even remembering which uniform to wear each day was a __5__. The most confusing thing was that I often forgot to __6__ my clock when the ship crossed time zones.
As a doctor, I was __7__ for the 600 crew. The ship's medical center was __8__ a floating emergency room, and we didn't have a team of specialists for a second __9__. With long hours' work, it required a strong will.
As many of the passengers were elderly, heart attacks could __10__ anywhere and emergency evacuations (疏散) were difficult to arrange. I remember one such patient, who was taken off the ship halfway.After a(n) __11__ ride in an old ambulance, I was relieved that the patient had arrived at a hospital safely.
Thankfully, the job had several unexpected benefits to me. I __12__ the passenger facilities and I even __13__ as a tour guide after coming ashore.
Now, I understand being a doctor on a ship is not a job—it's a way of __14__. I lose my career ambition, __15__ I know what happiness is in my life.
1．A.block B．build
C．ruin D．improve
2．A.Hungry B．Skillful
C．Suitable D．Thankful
3．A.anger B．disappointment
C．happiness D．relief
4．A.take in B．figure out
C．give up D．pass on
5．A.lesson B．risk
C．challenge D．choice
6．A.watch B．repair
C．check D．set
7．A.powerful B．responsible
C．helpful D．grateful
8．A.probably B．especially
C．certainly D．actually
9．A.examination B．argument
C．opinion D．movement
10．A.happen B．break
C．stop D．disappear
11．A.amazing B．boring
C．exciting D．scaring
12．A.cleaned B．enjoyed
C．fixed D．protected
13．A.volunteered B．travelled
C．refused D．returned
14．A.confidence B．life
C．experience D．business
15．A.so B．unless
C．but D．or
黄金考点
语法填空——非谓语动词
考点40 非谓语动词与谓语动词
考例 Everyone was silent, ________ (wait) to see who would be called to read his or her paragraph aloud.
点拨 主句中已经有谓语was，故可知此处应用非谓语动词。主语Everyone与wait之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用wait的 ing形式waiting。
考点41 介词后用动词 ing形式作宾语
考例 My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by ________ (sell) the fish.
点拨 介词by后应接动词 ing形式作宾语，故应用sell的 ing形式selling。练习53　七选五＋完形填空＋应用文写作
Ⅰ.七选五
2022·武汉高中联考 说明文 245词 ★★★★☆
Being first in your class is a goal that you can work toward, but you must set it for yourself from the first day of high school.__1__
Read beyond assigned reading.
Following your course outline and doing all of your assigned reading are important. But to pull ahead to first rank, you also need to read books that can provide that extra information you need, __2__ Prepare an extra credit report based on what you learn.
__3__
Don't just physically sit in the chair. Be a part of group discussions, and volunteer for extra projects and teams. Take leadership roles whenever they're offered. If the class has a debating team take part in it often and come prepared with notes and references for every debate.
Ask for help when you see you need it.
Balancing different classes and assignments can make it difficult to keep up in every subject. If you feel that you are having trouble grasping certain topics, don't struggle until your grades begin to slip. Turn to the teachers if necessary. __4__ Show an interest in your classmates. Your teacher will notice.
Ask your teacher for extra credit assignments, particularly if you receive a disappointing grade in a subject. Don't merely accept the mark. Do everything you can to raise!
Stay physically fit.
__5__Eat well, drink lots of water and get plenty of sleep. Spend time outdoors and away from your studies. But be disappointing (有条理的). Schedule a study period for each day and stick to it.
A．Finish your homework in time.
B．Participate in teamwork in class.
C．Get plenty of exercise either through team or individual activities.
D．Try these tips along your way help you get that first rank in your class.
E．Concentrate on what your teacher explains so that you can grasp the main points.
F．Similarly，if you do well in a subject, tell your teacher you're available to help others.
G．If you're studying World WarⅡ，for instance, read biographies of the important players.
Ⅱ.完形填空
2022·辽宁名校联考 记叙文 241词 ★★★☆☆
It's hard to believe my husband and I will be celebrating our 11th wedding anniversary this year, but I still remember our honeymoon clearly.
After our __1__， we flew to Mexico for our honeymoon. We stayed at a beautiful hotel on the east coast facing a beautiful sea and we had a(n) __2__ time! The weather was perfect, the locals were friendly, and we had plenty of things to __3__ while we were there.
At the top of our list of __4__ was to swim with dolphins. There was a place called Dolphin Discovery and it was included in our honeymoon __5__. We headed for there one afternoon and were __6__ with the place. The dolphins looked happy.
The employees told us that the dolphins __7__ interacting with humans as it entertained them and gave them exercise. They were social animals and loved to play. They spent about 30 minutes __8__ us all about these wonderful animals. Then it was our group's __9__.
We __10__ clothes and got into the pool. We were given clear __11__ so that we could swim with the dolphins. Gradually, the dolphins __12__ us, so it was a great chance for my husband and me to __13__ them closer, and they were so cute and lovely. It __14__ let me appreciate dolphins more and made me realize how __15__ it was to save and protect them.
1．A.adventure B．appointment
C．graduation D．wedding
2．A.anxious B．good
C．strict D．ordinary
3．A.enjoy B．protect
C．spread D．avoid
4．A.experiments B．performances
C．bargains D．activities
5．A.package B．regret
C．prize D．invention
6．A.careful B．pleased
C．familiar D．bored
7．A.stayed away from B．broke up with
C．put up with D．looked forward to
8．A.selling B．lending
C．telling D．posting
9．A.gift B．recipe
C．turn D．risk
10．A.made B．changed
C．donated D．designed
11．A.instructions B．destinations
C．connections D．combinations
12．A.challenged B．attacked
C．approached D．controlled
13．A.feed B．train
C．observe D．catch
14．A.merely B．casually
C．barely D．really
15．A.significant B．complex
C．hopeful D．confusing
Ⅲ.应用文写作
[2022·衡水一中月考]假如你是李华，你的好友 Tom 来信说想了解你近期以来的学习生活近况，请你按照以下要点， 给他回信：
1．你的日常学习概况；
2．你的奋斗目标；
3．你目前在学习中遇到的困难。
注意：1.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
2．词数80左右。
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答题策略
语法填空——谓语动词
谓语动词的应用
① 上下文时态要一致，多考查一般过去式，一般现在时和完成时态的助动词have的不同形式has或had
② 并列动词的形式要一致，留意并列连词and，or等
③ 留意主谓在人称和数上要一致
④ 留意情态动词的应用
⑤ 语态要一致，多考查动词的形式和助动词be的应用与省略练习38　七选五＋完形填空＋应用文写作
Ⅰ.七选五
2021·新高考Ⅰ卷 记叙文 330词 ★★☆☆☆
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. __1__ So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
The place wasn't entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing (水管) worked. __2__ Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes，” in perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it's a shame I don't have much use for it.
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. __3__ French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
__4__ On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!
In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency (效率). You can tell this by café life. French cafés are always crowded. __5__ When do these people work The French take their 35 hour workweek seriously—so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.
A．Not all the customers are tourists.
B．The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C．There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D．The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E．That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F．Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G．The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy.
Ⅱ.完形填空
2022·辽宁凤城月考 记叙文 226词 ★★★☆☆
I was driving home after attending my uncle's funeral. I took a canyon (峡谷) drive with beautiful scenery to process my __1__.
Suddenly I heard a pop. I knew what had happened—a tire had become flat! I __2__ to the side, but this was a canyon drive with not much __3__， and it happened to be around a turning that people couldn't see. That made it __4__.
Cars were passing me fast. I couldn't get out. Within minutes, I saw a van stop behind me. The gentleman walked out, __5__ a hand, and I dared to walk out very __6__. He moved my car out of the __7__ way while I was talking to the police. Since they couldn't send __8__ in 20－30 minutes, the gentleman took out my spare tire and started __9__ the tire for me.
After the job was __10__， I thanked him and he left. As we said goodbye, I __11__ him to pass such kindness forward. I saw in my mirror that the van just __12__ me, making sure I was OK. With the light, I got a chance to see the __13__ family in the van, a beautiful young wife with attractive children in the back. They all gave me a big smile and __14__ at me!
I thought the gentleman had set a successful example for those young children to learn about kindness and __15__.
1．A.anger B．time
C．feelings D．work
2．A.pulled over B．pulled out
C．pulled down D．pulled through
3．A.limit B．space
C．speed D．height
4．A.dangerous B．inconvenient
C．urgent D．uncommon
5．A.lifting B．clapping
C．offering D．hiding
6．A.hopefully B．happily
C．willingly D．carefully
7．A.special B．detailed
C．accurate D．rough
8．A.assistance B．search
C．information D．safety
9．A.moving B．changing
C．fixing D．setting
10．A.delayed B．continued
C．succeeded D．accomplished
11．A.persuaded B．inspired
C．promised D．reminded
12．A.followed B．protected
C．inspected D．chased
13．A.talkative B．impressed
C．last D．entire
14．A.waved B．shouted
C．laughed D．bowed
15．A.admiration B．loyalty
C．passion D．sympathy
Ⅲ.应用文写作
[2022·烟台市高考适应性练习]假定你是李华，计划寒假期间到学校实践基地参加为期一周的劳动实践活动。请给你的留学生朋友Frank写封邮件，邀请他一起参加。内容包括：
1．活动安排和内容；
2．活动的意义。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．信的开头和结尾已为你写好。
Dear Frank，
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Looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
答题策略
语法填空——非谓语动词
非谓语动词之间区分步骤实例(3)
例题 Each year just before Ash Wednesday, excited vacationers and locals flood the streets________ (watch) parades and celebrate.
步骤 ① 找逻辑主语：vacationers and locals发生watch这一动作，vacationers and locals是逻辑主语
② 判断主被动关系：vacationers and locals与watch之间是逻辑上的主动关系
③ 判断时间关系：watch动作发生在谓语动作flood之后，用to watch
答案 to watch　逻辑主语vacationers and locals与watch之间存在逻辑上的主动关系，watch动作在谓语动词flood动作之后发生，故用其不定式形式to watch作状语，表示目的练习15　阅读理解＋应用文写作
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
2021·全国乙卷 记叙文 268词 ★★★☆☆
　　You've heard that plastic is polluting the oceans—between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year. But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re examine their relationship to single use plastic products.
At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse，” a pair of 10 foot tall plastic waves, frozen mid crash. Made of 168，000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source (来源) of plastic pollution, but they've recently come under fire because most people don't need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. Every straw that's part of Von Wong's artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear.
In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate (说明) a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds, a truckload's worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled “Truckload of Plastic，” Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10，000 pieces of plastic, which were then tied together to look like they'd been dumped (倾倒) from a truck all at once.
Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.
1．What are Von Wong's artworks intended for
A．Beautifying the city he lives in.
B．Introducing eco friendly products.
C．Drawing public attention to plastic waste.
D．Reducing garbage on the beach.
2．Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3
A．To show the difficulty of their recycling.
B．To explain why they are useful.
C．To voice his views on modern art.
D．To find a substitute for them.
3．What effect would “Truckload of Plastic” have on viewers
A．Calming. B．Disturbing.
C．Refreshing. D．Challenging.
4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．Artists' Opinions on Plastic Safety
B．Media Interest in Contemporary Art
C．Responsibility Demanded of Big Companies
D．Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculptures
B
2020·全国卷Ⅱ 应用文 285词 ★★☆☆☆
The Lake District Attractions Guide
Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens
History, Culture & Landscape (景观). Discover and enjoy 4 centuries of history, 5 acres of celebrated and award winning gardens with parkland walk. Owned by the Hasell family since 1679, home to the International Marmalade Festival. Gifts and antiques, plant sales, museums & Mediaeval Hall Tearoom.
Open: 29 Mar—29 Oct, Sun to Thurs.
Tearoom, Gardens & Gift Shop: 10.30－17.00 (16.00 in Oct)．
House: 11.15－16.00 (15.00 in Oct)．
Town: Pooley Bridge & Penrith
Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum
Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall's temporary exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a city gallery. The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives.
Open: Mon to Sat and Summer Sundays.10.30—17.00 Summer. 10.30—16.00 Winter.
Town: Kendal
Tullie House Museum & Art Gallery
Discover, explore and enjoy award winning Tullie House, where historic collections, contemporary art and family fun are brought together in one impressive museum and art gallery. There are four fantastic galleries to visit from fine art to interactive fun, so there's something for everyone!
Open: High Season 1 Apr—31 Oct: Mon to Sat 10.00—17.00, Sun 11.00—17.00.
Low Season 1 Nov—31 Mar: Mon to Sat 10.00—16.30，Sun 12.00—16.30.
Town: Carlisle
Dove Cottage & The Wordsworth Museum
Discover William Wordsworth's inspirational home. Take a tour of his Lakeland cottage, walk through his hillside garden and explore the riches of the collection in the Museum. Visit the shop and relax in the café. Exhibitions, events and family activities throughout the year.
Open: Daily，09.30－17.30(last admission 17.00)．
Town: Grasmere
5．When is the House at Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens open on Sundays in July
A．09.30－17.30. B．10.30－16.00.
C．11.15－16.00. D．12.00－16.30.
6．What can visitors do at Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum
A．Enjoy Romney's works.
B．Have some interactive fun.
C．Attend a famous festival.
D．Learn the history of a family.
7．Where should visitors go if they want to explore Wordsworth's life
A．Penrith. B．Kendal.
C．Carlisle. D．Grasmere.
Ⅱ.应用文写作
[2022·山东省潍坊市高三期末]假定你是李华，得知在你校交流学习的新西兰朋友Oliver对中国菜很感兴趣。请你给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1．邀请他周日到你家做客；
2．教他做一道中国菜。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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________________________________________________________________________练习36　语法填空＋阅读理解＋应用文写作
Ⅰ.语法填空
2022·辽宁六校联考 记叙文 217词 ★★★☆☆
My first interaction with China was in 2012, when I came here with a friend. We expected 1.________ (see) more of China. After the experience of traveling across China and 2.________ (eat) local food, I really wondered, “How did I live without eating dumplings and eggplants 3.________ a weekly basis？”
With my Chinese improving during my studies, I became more 4.________ (independence) and more aware of the possibilities of Waimai, or food home delivery. As I enjoyed my take away dumplings, I would think and laugh at 5.________ (I), “How did I live before without being able to get Waimai？”
In mid 2015, I was back in China again for my master's degree. That's when I first came across the shared bike. “Oh, that's a unique bike and surely it 6.________ (steal) soon，” I thought as I passed on my own bike. 7.________ one week passed and it was still there. Then seemingly overnight the streets of Beijing were flooded 8.________ orange and yellow wheels.
China today is bursting with new ideas and changes. Although some things will always stay the same, something else is 9.________ (constant) changing. I'm sure as I continue my life here in Beijing, I will soon enjoy the next new convenience of life that China's rapid 10.________ (develop) brings about.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
2020·全国卷Ⅲ 应用文 206词 ★★★☆☆
Journey Back in Time with Scholars
Classical Provence (13 days)
Journey through the beautiful countryside of Provence, France, with Prof. Ori Z. Soltes. We will visit some of the best preserved Roman monuments in the world. Our tour also includes a chance to walk in the footsteps of Van Gogh and Gauguin. Fields of flowers, tile roofed (瓦屋顶) villages and tasty meals enrich this wonderful experience.
Southern Spain (15 days)
Spain has lovely white towns and the scent (芳香) of oranges, but it is also a treasury of ancient remains including the cities left by the Greeks, Romans and Arabs. As we travel south from Madrid with Prof. Ronald Messier to historic Toledo, Roman Mérida and into Andalucia, we explore historical monuments and architecture.
China's Sacred Landscapes (21 days)
Discover the China of“past ages，” its walled cities, temples and mountain scenery with Prof. Robert Thorp. Highlights (精彩之处) include China's most sacred peaks at Mount Tai and Hangzhou's rolling hills, waterways and peaceful temples. We will wander in traditional small towns and end our tour with an exceptional museum in Shanghai.
Tunisia (17 days)
Join Prof. Pedar Foss on our in depth Tunisian tour. Tour highlights include the Roman city of Dougga, the underground Numidian capital at Bulla Regia, Roman Sbeitla and the remote areas around Tataouine and Matmata, unique for underground cities. Our journey takes us to picturesque Berber villages and lovely beaches.
1．What can visitors see in both Classical Provence and Southern Spain
A．Historical monuments.
B．Fields of flowers.
C．Van Gogh's paintings.
D．Greek buildings.
2．Which country is Prof. Thorp most knowledgeable about
A．France. B．Spain.
C．China. D．Tunisia.
3．Which of the following highlights the Tunisian tour
A．White towns. B．Underground cities.
C．Tile roofed villages. D．Rolling hills.
B
2022·福建六校联考 议论文 349词 ★★★☆☆
When was the last time you thought about breathing Most people usually do not. When we are healthy, breathing happens naturally and easily. Without much effort on our part, the human respiratory (呼吸的) system works hard. Experts say we take about 20，000 breaths every day.
One such expert James Hoyt with the University of Colorado's Health Pulmonology (肺科) Clinic notes that our respiratory muscles are working every minute of the day. A muscle called the diaphragm (横膈膜) separates the chest and abdominal cavities (腹腔). As we breathe in, the diaphragm tightens. The chest cavity opens, and the lungs expand. When we breathe out, the diaphragm relaxes and moves upward, pushing air out.
When you breathe deeply, the air coming in through your nose fully fills your lungs, and the lower belly (肚皮) rises. On its website, Harvard Medical School notes that deep breathing may slow the heartbeat, lower blood pressure and stress. Deep breaths help your body fully exchange incoming oxygen with outgoing carbon dioxide (二氧化碳)．
Several health websites explain an easy deep breathing exercise. Find a place to sit or lie down. Place one hand just below your ribs. Take a slow, deep breath—or inhale (吸气)—through your nose. Feel your hand go up. Your stomach should rise and expand. Now breathe out slowly through your mouth. Make sure to breathe out—or exhale—all the way. Feel your hand and stomach go down.
The American Lung Association website states that if done repeatedly, breathing exercises can help remove stale (不新鲜的) air from the lungs. This will increase oxygen levels and get the diaphragm to return to its job of helping you breathe. Pulmonologist James Hoyt adds：“Deep breathing is a good way to reduce stress and relax.”
4．What is the second paragraph mainly about
A．The diaphragm function.
B．The expert Hoyt's study.
C．The respiratory system.
D．The chest cavity.
5．What is the main purpose of the author writing Paragraph 3
A．To describe the incoming of oxygen.
B．To introduce Harvard Medical School.
C．To show the benefits of deep breathing.
D．To share the contents of a US website.
6．According to Paragraph 4, we learn something mainly about ________．
A．an easy deep breathing exercise
B．several American health websites
C．the stomach's rising and going down
D．the explanations of deep breathing
7．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．Deep Breathing Helps a Lot
B．How Does Breathing Happen
C．Pulmonologist James Hoyt Succeeds
D．How Will Oxygen Levels Increase
Ⅲ.应用文写作
[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷]假定你是校广播站英语节目“Talk and Talk”的负责人李华，请给外教Caroline写邮件邀请她做一次访谈。内容包括：
1．节目介绍；
2．访谈的时间和话题。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Caroline，
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Yours sincerely，
Li Hua练习32　语法填空＋七选五＋完形填空
Ⅰ.语法填空
2022·湖北联考 说明文 190词 ★★★☆☆
One of the most amazing 1.________ (discover) so far is that scientists at a European institute 2.________ (find) a way to turn one chemical that causes air pollution into a resource. Carbon dioxide is a polluting gas 3.________ (release) from the burning of fuels such as coal, oil and wood. Transportation and electricity production are its major sources. The researchers at Rutgers University have created 4.________ unusual technique which changes carbon dioxide into valuable raw materials. Using cheap and plentiful metals, the process 5.________ (efficient) turns carbon dioxide into water and carbon blocks that can be used as building materials. The process is 99% efficient, which is the main reason 6.________ (account) for this result. Products that can be produced by this technique include raw materials for use in clothing, chemical and 7.________ (medicine) industries. The scientists have also created a company 8.________ (develop) commercial applications for this technique. As a famous American engineer puts it, “Pollution is nothing but the resources we have not yet collected.” 9.________ the development and application of this new technology, people may find value in 10.________ once was considered to be harmful waste.
Ⅱ.七选五
2022·浙江测试 说明文 303词 ★★★☆☆
Countless parents have kids who just want to eat chicken pasta, or macaroni and cheese, and definitely without any vegetables. So what's a parent to do __1__ We reached out to experts on healthy eating for kids, and they had a ton of great advice.
Make food interesting. Lori Day, an educational psychologist, thought that if kids found food interesting, they'd be more likely to try it. So Day let her daughter shell peas, count them, sort them by size and play with them before putting them in the pot. __2__ “Make food interesting if your child is naturally curious and is willing to engage，” Day said.
__3__ Several parents talked about how bringing their children with them to the farmers market or the grocery store and having them help with the cooking can get them more excited and invested in what they are eating. “Kids can be inspired to eat healthily when they are part of the meal，” said Margaret McSweeney, host of the podcast Kitchen Chat. “A trip to the local farmers market can connect them with the source of food.”
Give kids choices. Ava Parnass, an infant child psychotherapist said that from a young age, parents should let their kids choose foods and snacks they like, within reason. “Give them more room to choose as they get older，” she added. And never get into a power struggle with your kids about eating, she said. “__4__”
Model healthy eating. Our kids can be influenced to make better choices if they watch us doing the same. Pam Moore, founder of the blog Whatevs, says her kids always see her and her husband eating healthily. “__5__ I often keep sliced veggies washed，sliced and ready to eat for snacks. Our children will ask for bites as time goes on, as they like to copy what we do，” said Moore.
A．First, don't stress out.
B．Get the kids involved.
C．Inspire kids to eat healthily.
D．Her daughter loved eating them raw or cooked.
E．Make sure you are not overcontrolling or overeducating them.
F．Both my husband and I typically add greens to our eggs at breakfast.
G．We talk about food colors and how it's healthiest to make meals with various colors.
Ⅲ.完形填空
2022·湖南长沙月考 记叙文 274词 ★★★☆☆
Clara Barton is widely known as one of the most honored women in American history. She used to be a middle school teacher. Later, she became one of the first women ever to be __1__ by the government.
Her career in helping the sick began when her elder brother David became her first __2__. He fell down from the roof of a house when Clara was just 11 years old. She stayed by his side and __3__ him for three years.
When the Civil War began, she immediately recognized that the __4__ soldiers needed help. __5__ waiting for others to step in, Clara collected necessary things on her own. She also asked the public for donations and learned how to __6__ them to soldiers.
After the Battle of Cedar Mountain in northern Virginia, Clara arrived at a field hospital at __7__ with a vehicle full of supplies. A doctor named Paul Smith at that hospital later said __8__， “I thought heaven had sent out an angel that night. Her __9__ appeared exactly at the right time.”
She successfully __10__ the American Red Cross and led the organization for the next 23 years. Her last field __11__ as president of the American Red Cross was to help the __12__ of the 1900 Galveston hurricane. She did not __13__ from the American Red Cross until she was 83. True to her __14__， Clara always went to where the need was the greatest.
Today, with the help of volunteers, the American Red Cross provides relief to people suffering from disasters, as well as helps people __15__， prepare for and respond to all sorts of emergencies.
1．A.fired B．employed
C．arrested D．mentioned
2．A.patient B．student
C．friend D．colleague
3．A.cared about B．depended on
C．tended to D．quarreled with
4．A.well organized B．highly praised
C．badly shocked D．poorly equipped
5．A.Instead of B．Regardless of
C．Apart from D．In case of
6．A.introduce B．distribute
C．return D．lend
7．A.noon B．dusk
C．midnight D．dawn
8．A.sadly B．peacefully
C．disappointedly D．gratefully
9．A.assistance B．guidance
C．performance D．disturbance
10．A.invented B．founded
C．ruined D．left
11．A.mission B．hobby
C．interest D．dream
12．A.doctors B．victims
C．soldiers D．citizens
13．A.recover B．suffer
C．learn D．retire
14．A.idea B．opinion
C．nature D．concept
15．A.prevent B．ignore
C．forgive D．forget
黄金考点
语法填空——词义辨析
考点47 other与another的区别与应用
考例 The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and ________ animals.
点拨 表示“其他的动物”，用other修饰animals, 故应填other。
考点48 late，later和latest的区别与运用
考例 I was so nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes ________ (late), the instructor asked me to stop the car.
点拨 句意表示“几分钟过后”，故应填later。
考点49 besides与beside的区别
考例 They have also bought some gardening tools. ________， they often get some useful information from the Internet.
点拨 besides意为“此外，而且”；beside是介词，意为“在……旁边”， 应填Besides。
练习33　阅读理解＋读后续写
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
2022·淄博校级联考 说明文 298词 ★★★☆☆
To walk is to be human. We're the only creature that gets around by standing up and putting one foot in front of the other. Our ability to walk upright has allowed humans to travel great distances and survive changing climates, environments and landscapes.
But walking is more than just transportation. Countless scientific studies have found that this simple act can provide a number of health benefits and help people live longer. In fact, a walking routine—if done properly—might be the only exercise people need.
How much walking should one aim for You've likely heard we need 10，000 steps a day. That's about 5 miles. But contrary to popular belief, this recommendation doesn't come from science.Instead, it comes from a 1960s advertising campaign to promote a pedometer (计步器) in Japan. Perhaps because it's a round number and easy to remember, it stuck.
Since the 1960s, researchers have studied the 10，000 step a day standard and have turned up mixed results. Although 10，000 steps is certainly a healthy and worthwhile goal, it's not a one size fits all recommendation.
For instance, a recent Harvard University study involving more than 16，000 senior women found that those who got at least 4，400 steps a day greatly reduced their risk of dying early when compared with less active women. The study also noted that these benefits continued up to 7，500 steps before leveling off. This 7，500 mark isn't surprising: It's in line with common public health recommendations, such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's recommendation of 150 minutes of moderate (适度的) physical activity a week for adults.
Research has shown that picking up the pace might be a good idea, fast enough to raise your heart rate, even if just for a short burst.
1．Which statement will the author believe
A．Walking 10，000 steps a day fits us all who lack exercise.
B．Walking is the only exercise that unhealthy people need.
C．To be healthy, walking great distances is strongly suggested.
D．The benefits of walking depend on frequency and intensity.
2．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．A walking routine. B．A round number.
C．The popular belief. D．The pedometer Ad.
3．How much walking should one aim for according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
A．4，400 steps a day. B．7，500 steps a day.
C．10，000 steps a day. D．150 minutes a day.
4．What is the best title of the passage
A．The Only Exercise You Need—Walking
B．10，000 Step Goal Is More Marketing Than Science
C．Walking Is One Of The Best Exercises For Health
D．Walk Often, Walk Fast And Walk Long
B
2022·南昌二模 议论文 304词 ★★★☆☆
At school, I was in the top set for maths. My teachers recommended that I study economics and statistics as my A level subjects, but I had my mind set on a life fulfilled by the arts.
In fact, I was a victim of a gender__stereotype made stronger since birth, that men do science and maths and women do arts or puter science, technology and physics just did not figure in my teenage world view. Nobody popular in my school chose to study those subjects.
Reality struck hard when I began attending job interviews and interviewers would say: “It's great that you speak foreign languages, but what else do you do？” Nobody asked my friends who had studied science or technology those questions.
A survey recently showed that three of the best paid jobs for women are in the technology sector. It's a sector that really can change the world. We must show girls that technology has an effect on every industry out there, from fashion to architecture to journalism. Anybody can learn to code and these days it's as important as reading and writing. I've realized that at university I'd achieved the wrong kind of literacy. Not being able to code limit your impact on the world far more than an ignorance of great literature.
Now I have a five year old daughter. I don't want her to blindly follow gender roles the way I did. I want her to know the fact that a science or technical degree will not limit her creativity but expand it and broaden her horizons far more than my arts background could. I'm exposing her to Minecraft and apps, which help improve analytical thinking and problem solving skills. I'm hoping that my daughter will discover and accept her potentials in science and want to change the world.
5．What does the underlined phrase “gender stereotype” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．Personal learning style.
B．Sex characteristic.
C．Conventional sex concept.
D．Profession difference.
6．According to the author, which may be the benefit of learning science
A．Increasing job possibility.
B．Winning popularity.
C．Improving language competence.
D．Enriching imagination.
7．How did the author feel for her major choice
A．Satisfied. B．Active.
C．Discouraged. D．Regretful.
8．What may be the best title for the text
A．Art or Science, Either is OK
B．Good Subjects, Good Future
C．Girls, Choose More Wisely
D．Catch Chances, Change the World
Ⅱ.读后续写
[2022·山东师范大学附属中学月考]阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One Saturday morning, Jeremy woke up to a quiet house. Usually Mom was awake making breakfast and cleaning the kitchen, but not today. At the sound of his mom coughing, Jeremy knocked on her bedroom door and asked with great concern, “Mom, are you ok？” “Honey，” Mom said weakly. “I have a terrible cold. You can have cereal (燕麦) for breakfast and watch cartoons. I'm going to stay in bed.”
Jeremy poured some cereal into a bowl and ate a piece of bread. Mom must feel very bad if she was staying in bed all day. How could Jeremy help First, he wiped up the crumbs of cereal he left on the kitchen counter. He also put away the cereal box, so the kitchen looked just as it was when he woke up. But what else could he do Jeremy thought. Saturday was the day when Mom did the laundry. Jeremy loved to watch the clothes spinning in the machine. That should be fun! He ran to his room to get the laundry basket, inside which there was his mother's favorite white dress, among other clothes and a pair of red socks.
Jeremy opened the door to the washer and put the clothing inside. He had watched Mom do the laundry lots of times, so he knew where to find the washing powder and how to pour it into the machine. Finally, he closed the door and pressed the big button that said “START.” Jeremy looked through the round glass window. Water was pouring in, and the machine was starting to spin, making the clothing tumble around. That was easy!
Jeremy watched cartoons until he heard the washing machine beep. That meant the washing was done. Jeremy opened the door to take out the damp clothes. He took out a few at a time and moved them into the dryer. Everything seemed clean, and Jeremy felt proud. Then he pulled out a pink dress.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
But he remembered there was no pink dress in the laundry basket.
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Holding the neatly folded pink dress, Jeremy nervously knocked at his mom's bedroom door again.
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黄金考点
语法填空——比较级
考点50 形容词比较级
考例 This car is too small. I want a ________ (large) one.
点拨 这辆轿车太小，我想要更大的轿车。有比较意味，故应填larger。
考点51 最高级与比较级
考例 They were also the best and ________ (bad) years in my life.
点拨 并列连词and连接并列结构。有比较范围in my life，所以要用最高级，故应填最高级worst，与best并列。练习40　阅读理解＋概要写作
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
2022·广东六校联盟 应用文 258词 ★★★☆☆
Techie Teen Volunteers Wanted
The primary goal of Cupertino's techie (电脑通) teen volunteer program at the Cupertino Senior Center is to help teens give back to the community by joining in the 50＋ community to assist in developing their skills related to technology. Any teen with a strong desire to work with our 50＋ population is encouraged to apply.
Our volunteers can expect to gain the following experiences: leadership roles, public speaking opportunities, interpersonal communication, and much more. While anyone between the ages of 14－18 may apply, we would like to remind all applicants that space is limited and acceptance into the program will be based on answers to extra questions, availability and interview performance.
Requirements & Expectations
Techie teen volunteers that are selected for the program will be expected to meet the following requirements：
* Must be at least 14 years old by the first day of training.
* Attend all training meetings.
* Volunteer for a minimum of 2.5—3 hours every other week for the full duration of the program (September 17－May 9)．
* Must create and present a 30 minute workshop (研讨会) at the end of the session in May.
* Arrive on time for shifts (轮班) and stay for the whole duration of the scheduled shift.
Application Submission
Applications should be addressed to Recreation Coordinator Amanda Hui at AmandaH@Cupertino.org no later than August 23rd. Late applications will not be accepted.
1．Why is the program to be held
A．To assist with community management.
B．To promote the application of technology.
C．To improve seniors' technological skills.
D．To develop volunteers' leadership qualities.
2．What can volunteers expect of the program
A．It will improve their physical strength.
B．It can give them chances to speak publicly.
C．It might better their interview performance.
D．It may increase their nursing knowledge.
3．What is required of the volunteers
A．Receiving all the training.
B．Knowing how to create applications.
C．Volunteering for 2.5－3 hours every week.
D．Being skilled in international communication.
B
2022·浙江杭州模拟 记叙文 349词 ★★★☆☆
On the day the tornado hit, there was no indication severe weather was on its way—the sky was blue and the sun had been out. The first alert my husband, Jimmy, 67, and I, 65, got came around 9 p．m., from some scrolling text on the TV Jimmy was watching.
No sooner had we found coverage of the tornado than it was on top of us. The house shook violently, the power went out, and even the wind began to roar through the house. We intended to shelter in the closet of the first floor, which seemed like the safest place, but before getting there, we had to get through three flights of steps. I didn't know how or if we would make it down the steps, as the wind lifted me off my feet. I tried to move forward a bit, but in vain.
As we finally reached the last flight of steps, our front door blew out. Pieces of glass flew everywhere. Had we been one step up, a three foot long tree branch would have stabbed us.
By the time I reached the closet, the tornado had been over us for about a minute. Jimmy pushed me down to the closet floor, but he couldn't get inside himself because of the wind. I grasped Jimmy's arm as the tornado sucked the door open—we never did get it fully shut—and tried to bring Jimmy with it. My knees and head were full of glass, but in that moment, I felt no pain. If I had let go, Jimmy would have flown right out the back of the house and into the bay.
All of a sudden, Jimmy lifted off his feet like people in tornadoes do in the movies. I thought he was gone. And then everything stopped. He landed on his feet. In those first quiet moments, I couldn't believe it was over.
The tornado lasted 4 minutes，but to us, it felt like a life time. Of the houses left standing, ours suffered the most damage. Amazingly, none of us were severely injured.
4．Why didn't the couple realize the coming of the tornado
A．There was no signs.
B．They didn't pay attention to the weather.
C．They were too busy to take notice of it.
D．We got a wrong alert about it from TV.
5．Which turned out to be the greatest difficulty for them in escaping from the disaster
A．Their house was too high.
B．It was at night and the power went out.
C．The wind with the tornado was so strong that it lifted them up for several times.
D．The couple was too scared to move fast.
6．What can we learn from the passage
A．The author was so severely injured that she felt no pain.
B．The couple loved each other deeply and the husband put his wife first.
C．They missed being stabbed by the long tree branch as they moved fast.
D．The author felt regretful for their damaged house.
Ⅱ.概要写作
[2022·浙江舟山中学模拟]阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Perhaps you've heard the old saying “curiosity killed the cat”. It's a phrase that's often used to warn people—especially children—not to ask too many questions. Yet it's widely agreed that curiosity actually makes learning more effective. In fact, research has shown that curiosity is just as important as intelligence in determining how well students do in school.
Curiosity can also lead us to make unexpected discoveries, bring excitement to our lives, and open up new possibilities. In science, basic curiosity driven research can have unexpected important benefits. For example, one day in 1831, Michael Faraday was playing around with a coil and a magnet when he suddenly saw how he could produce an electrical current. At first, it wasn't clear what use this would have, but it actually made electricity available for use in technology, and so changed the world.
However, curiosity is currently under the biggest threat, coming from technology. On one level, this is because technology has become so advanced that many of us are unable to think too deeply how exactly things work any more. While it may be possible for a curious teenager to take a toaster apart and get some sense of how it works, how much do you understand what happens when you type a website address into a browser Where does your grasp of technology end and the magic begin for you
In addition to this, there's the fact that we all now connect so deeply with technology, particularly with our phones. The more we stare at our screens, the less we talk to other people directly. All too often we accept the images of people that the social media provide us with. Then we feel we know enough about a person not to need to engage further with them.
That means we end up inside our own little bubbles, no longer coming across new ideas. Perhaps the real key to developing curiosity in the 21st century, then, is to rely less on the tech tools of our age.
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答题策略
语法填空——形容词、副词
形容词、副词题的解题步骤
例题 It was the first class after the morning break, and we were all hanging around________ (excite), waiting for the art teacher to arrive.
步骤 ① 分析所填词在句中所作成分(形容词可作定语、表语和补语；副词作状语)：此处所填词修饰句子谓语were hanging around，作状语，应用副词
② 结合句意确定使用何种形式的形容词、副词：根据句意可知，表示“兴奋地”，应填excitedly
答案 excitedly　修饰谓语动词hanging around作状语，应用其副词形式excitedly练习26　语法填空＋七选五＋完形填空
Ⅰ.语法填空
2022·山东青岛质检 说明文 214词 ★★★☆☆
Xi'an, or Chang'an as it was called for many centuries, has been a built up urban area for over 3，000 years, and once 1.________ (serve) as the capital for 13 dynasties. It is home 2.________ many immovable cultural heritages, six of 3.________ are on the UNESCO's World Cultural Heritage List.
These days, the city has made 4.________ (effect) exploration in building modernity while preserving historical legacy (遗产). A recent piece of news 5.________ (announce) by Shaanxi's cultural relics authority caused nationwide attention, that a ruin of ancient capital dating back to Qin Dynasty was unearthed during the construction of the Xi'an Metro Line 5. In order to protect the ruin, the metro line may have to change 6.________ (it) route.
7．________ (face) the heavy and important task of protecting cultural relics while promoting urban construction, Xi'an made active 8.________ (attempt). Rails of the metro system are built 15 to 20 meters underground in order to protect the ancient tombs which are 9.________ (usual) buried in the layer within 5 meters from the surface level. Besides, the metro constructors have also painted the walls inside the stations with historical stories, presenting 10.________ visual feast for citizens.
Ⅱ.七选五
2022·浙江嘉兴测试 说明文 300词 ★★☆☆☆
Do you feel like something is missing or you don't have something you want to strive (努力) for in your life Don't worry! __1__ Follow these examples to find out what you truly love and pursue your passions!
Brainstorm the activities you find satisfying and meaningful. __2__ This could include things like your hobbies, your work duties, or anything else that makes you happy. Pay special attention to activities that make you lose track of time since that usually means you're enjoying them.
__3__ While your interests may vary a lot, they may be connected by a deeper passion you may not have noticed at first. Consider the books you enjoy reading and hobbies that excite you to see if they have any similarities. If they do, they could help point you toward what you're truly passionate about.
Consider your talents. If you're naturally good at something, it may be a clue that you're actually passionate about it. In fact, sometimes you even don't have to be good at something to fuel your passion. __4__
Be enthusiastic about everything you do. It can be really easy to feel pessimistic when you need to complete an activity you're afraid of. __5__ Even when you're doing something you don't enjoy, approach it as a learning opportunity. You'll never know if you'll discover something that you're passionate about if you don't have any enthusiasm for it.
A．But we have to finish what we should do.
B．Look for common themes in your interests.
C．Identify your passion from the books you read.
D．We've all struggled with this at some point in our lives.
E．But that will only put you in a negative thinking pattern.
F．Think about all of the regular activities that you've already participated in.
G．As long as you enjoy doing the activity, you can still be passionate about it.
Ⅲ.完形填空
2022·潍坊高三期末 说明文 314词 ★★☆☆☆
Coffee shops are cool, but in Wilmington, Bitty & Beau's Coffee enjoys a good reputation for its warmth.
At the heart of the shop's popularity is its __1__ staff: Almost everyone has an intellectual (智力的) or developmental disability.
The coffee shop was opened in 2016 by Amy Wright and her husband, __2__ by two of her four children Beau and Bitty, who have Down syndrome (唐氏症)．
When the couple discovered that most people with intellectual and developmental disabilities could never find an employer who would even give them a(n) __3__， they resolved to do something about it.
“It __4__ me like a flash of lightning: a coffee shop！” Wright said. “It would be the perfect environment for bringing people together. Seeing the staff __5__ customers at the door, preparing food, serving orders and cleaning tables, people would realize how __6__ they are.”
When the shop opened, it immediately had __7__ out the door. National press attention __8__， and six months later, it had to move to a __9__ space.
Today, the store employs 40 people with disabilities, who are really good at their jobs.
What makes Amy most proud is the __10__ it has built in the community. “Every day, people say, ‘You've made my day. Thank you.’ That's a feeling of happiness most people don't get elsewhere, and it's what __11__ people back here，” she said. “This is a place where people can __12__ with those with disabilities and realize how much more alike we are than different. It's __13__ a cup of coffee. It's a human rights movement. It's given our employees the respect and a sense of being __14__ that they deserve. For many employees, it's their first job, and their __15__ fills the air.”
1．A.professional B．unique
C．active D．talented
2．A.accompanied B．controlled
C．impressed D．inspired
3．A.interview B．appointment
C．reason D．invitation
4．A.moved B．encouraged
C．struck D．affected
5．A.greeting B．observing
C．gathering D．finding
6．A.capable B．generous
C．reliable D．considerate
7．A.waiters B．activities
C．lines D．guards
8．A.agreed B．continued
C．responded D．followed
9．A.farther B．larger
C．quieter D．nearer
10．A.background B．balance
C．bridge D．tradition
11．A.holds B．calls
C．forces D．draws
12．A.interact B．discuss
C．play D．work
13．A.nothing but B．far from
C．above all D．more than
14．A.admired B．valued
C．separated D．protected
15．A.ambition B．humor
C．joy D．patience
黄金考点
语法填空——关系词
考点38 定语从句引导词的运用
考例 They also had a small pond ________ they raised fish.
点拨 先行词pond指地点，关系词在从句中作状语，故用关系副词where引导定语从句，where可以用in which替换，故应填where，或填in which。
考点39 用that引导定语从句
考例 Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food ________ is provided by Mom with appreciation.
点拨 分析句子结构可知，food后应是一个限制性定语从句。先行词food指物，从句中缺少主语，故应填that。注意这里不能用what引导定语从句，what只能引导名词性从句。练习23　七选五＋完形填空
Ⅰ.七选五
2022·辽宁六校联考 说明文 239词 ★★★☆☆
There are many benefits of rock climbing for kids. The most obvious ones are physical benefits. Rock climbing is an intense physical activity requiring strength and flexibility. For senior climbers, rock climbing can be a good way to build strength while completing certain courses. __1__ Even though rock climbing may not seem as intense as running, it does work to keep the body healthy.
__2__ Rock climbing requires strategies and focus in order to make it to the top. Children who have difficulty concentrating can often develop their mental focus through rock climbing. A feeling of accomplishment might also be seen as a mental benefit. This often encourages increased physical activity to meet the next challenge.
Rock climbing is generally not competitive for children. Some children are shy or uninterested in competing with others. __3__ However, activities like rock climbing do involve social skills, but they do not involve the same type of cooperation as a team sport.
Some parents may be concerned that rock climbing for kids is not safe because of the heights involved. However, when all safety measures are observed and the child is well informed about the danger of the activity, the danger involved could be almost entirely cleared. __4__ This makes the activity even less dangerous.
Parents can climb with children and learn together. This activity is a great bonding opportunity for climbers of all ages, which can be excellent for the children involved. __5__
A．Mental benefits of rock climbing for kids are equally important.
B．So team sports and competitive sports are not always fit for him.
C．Besides, children often sign up for specially designed safer courses.
D．For beginners, the challenges are usually kept at a manageable level.
E．It's true that rock climbing has the benefit of being a family activity.
F．Rocking climbing is quite suitable for children who are shy and less competitive.
G．It is important for rock climbing training to involve a great deal of flexibility training.
Ⅱ.完形填空
2022·山东高三检测 记叙文 251词 ★★★☆☆
When I entered Berkeley, I hoped to earn a scholarship. Having been a Straight A student, I believed I could __1__ tough subjects and really learn something. One such course was World Literature given by Professor Jayne. I was extremely interested in the ideas he __2__ in class.
When I took the first exam of my best subject English, I was __3__ to find a 77, C plus, on my test paper. I went to Professor Jayne, who listened to my arguments but remained __4__. I decided to try harder, and I read the books more carefully, but got another 77 again. I __5__ with Professor Jayne. Again, he listened patiently but wouldn't change his __6__.
One more test before the final exam. One more chance to improve my grade. So I redoubled my effort and, for the first time __7__ the meaning of the word “thorough”. But my effort did no good and everything __8__ as before.
The last hurdle (障碍) was the final. No matter what __9__ I got, it wouldn't cancel three C pluses. I might as well kiss the __10__ goodbye.
I stopped working hard. I felt I knew the course material as well as I ever would. The night before the final, I even __11__ myself to a movie. The next day I decided for once I'd have __12__ with a test. A week later, I was surprised to find I got an A. I hurried into Professor Jayne's office. He __13__ to be expecting me, “If I gave you the As you __14__， you wouldn't continue to work hard.”
I stared at him __15__ that his analysis and strategy (策略) were correct.
I was speechless when my course grade arrived: A plus. The next year I received my scholarship. I always remembered professor Jayne's lesson: you alone must set your own standard of excellence.
1．A.take B．discuss
C．cover D．get
2．A.sought B．presented
C．exchanged D．obtained
3．A.shocked B．worried
C．scared D．anxious
4．A.unchanged B．unpleasant
C．unfriendly D．unmoved
5．A.quarreled B．reasoned
C．bargained D．chatted
6．A.attitude B．mind
C．plan D．view
7．A.memorized B．considered
C．accepted D．learned
8．A.stayed B．went
C．worked D．changed
9．A.grade B．answer
C．lesson D．comment
10．A.scholarship B．course
C．degree D．subject
11．A.helped B．favored
C．treated D．relaxed
12．A.fun B．luck
C．problems D．tricks
13．A.happened B．proved
C．pretended D．seemed
14．A.valued B．imagined
C．expected D．welcomed
15．A.remembering B．guessing
C．supposing D．realizing
黄金考点
语法填空——冠词
考点32 冠词用于习惯表达
考例 During my last winter holiday, I went to ________ countryside with my father to visit my grandparents.
点拨 go to the countryside“去乡下”，为习惯表达，故在countryside前加the。
考点33 表示泛指用不定冠词
考例 For example, every morning, my dad has to have ________ bowl of egg soup while I have to eat an apple.
点拨 此处表示每天喝一碗汤，表示泛指，故需填冠词a。
考点34 表示特指用定冠词
考例 Around me in ________ picture are the things which were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.
点拨 此处特指“这幅图片”，故用定冠词the修饰picture。练习59　语法填空＋七选五＋完形填空
Ⅰ.语法填空
2022·洛阳联考 188词 ★★★★★
Designed a “City of Design” by UNESCO in 2008, Shenzhen was the first city in China 1.________ (present) an official strategy around creative development. This led 2.________ sudden and tremendous 3.________ (grow) of up and coming industries. So far modern 4.________ (platform)have taken the place of 5.________ (tradition) focuses with a wider range of creative enterprises from smart infrastructure construction to design and robots.
Shenzhen 6.________ (be) a coastal city on the east bank of the Pearl River Harbor, 7.________ (separate) from Hong Kong by a natural river border. It is recognized as the 8.________ (young) city of China. Though it has a history of 7，000 years, its true development didn't start until 1980 when China started its reform and opening policy. With its energy of youth, Shenzhen has developed at an incredible speed. After being designated as the first special economic zone in China, 9.________ was once a fishing village has rapidly become 10.________ emerging modern city. In a time range of 30 years, it has changed from a nameless fish town to one of the most prosperous cities. Today, Shenzhen's speed has gathered international influence.
Ⅱ.七选五
2022·浙江高三联考 说明文 277词 ★★★★☆
You may have grown up living with lots of siblings, or this may be your first time to share your living space with someone else. __1__ Follow these tips to make sure you and your roommate keep things pleasant throughout the year (or even years)!
Be clear about your expectations from the beginning. Do you know in advance that you hate it when someone hits the snooze button (贪睡键) fifteen times every morning That you need ten minutes to yourself before talking to anyone after you wake up
__2__ It's not fair to expect him or her to pick up on them right away, and communicating what you need is one of the best ways to avoid problems before they become problems.
Address problems when they're little. Is your roommate always forgetting her things for the shower, and taking yours __3__ Addressing things that annoy you while they're still little can help your roommate be aware of something she may not otherwise know. And addressing little things is much easier than addressing them after they've become big.
__4__ This may seem simple, but it's probably one of the biggest reasons why roommates experience conflict. Don't think he'll mind if you borrow his shoes for a quick soccer game. For all you know, you just step over an uncrossable line. Don't borrow, use, or take anything without getting permission first.
Be mindful of who you bring into your room and how often. __5__ But your roommate may not. Be mindful of how often you bring people over. If your roommate studies best in the quiet, and you study best in a group, can you alternate who hits the library and who gets the room
A．Be open to new ideas and experiences.
B．Respect all the things that belong to your roommate.
C．You may love having your study group into your room.
D．Expect to learn, grow and change during the time in the college.
E．Are your clothes being borrowed faster than you can wash them
F．Let your roommate know as soon as you can about your little preferences.
G．Having a roommate can be both a challenge and a great part of your college experience.
Ⅲ.完形填空
2022·江苏海门测试 记叙文 262词 ★★★☆☆
I could never imagine myself being in any other profession than teaching.
As a child, I often __1__ I was teaching in a classroom with my toy animals. However, it wasn't a __2__ when I received a phone call about teaching a summer tennis camp to 3 to 5 year old campers.
The first day of the tennis camp arrived. I started the __3__ by introducing myself and teaching the kids how to hold their tennis rackets (球拍). Boom! They all __4__ it right away. The next minute they were all doing it the wrong way. “Is this what it's like to be a __5__？” I thought. Instead of getting __6__ or giving up, I found myself feeling encouraged to be patient and __7__ my students until they understood certain concepts of the game.
The rest of the week reassured (使安心) me about my __8__ to teach students the game of tennis and this __9__ led me to an “aha” moment. I realized how much I __10__ working with younger children. And this is exactly what encouraged me to __11__ teaching.
I'm in my fourth year of teaching kindergarten, and I'm often asked about my __12__ to be a teacher. People would make negative remarks about my __13__. “You know you're not going to make any money, right？” was something I heard often. To me, teaching isn't about the money. It is about making a(n) __14__to the lives of children. I knew I would encounter many challenges, but I also knew the positives would always __15__ the challenges I might face.
1．A.wondered B．dreamt
C．pretended D．agreed
2．A.game B．chance
C．promise D．plan
3．A.class B．show
C．interview D．project
4．A.expected B．found
C．forgot D．got
5．A.player B．teacher
C．student D．monitor
6．A.sick B．sleepy
C．upset D．afraid
7．A.respect B．remind
C．protect D．accept
8．A.struggle B．turn
C．abilities D．rights
9．A.service B．education
C．experience D．example
10．A.tried B．regretted
C．missed D．enjoyed
11．A.pursue B．practise
C．postpone D．promote
12．A.guidance B．motivation
C．assistance D．position
13．A.preparation B．suggestion
C．knowledge D．decision
14．A.impression B．influence
C．difference D．profit
15．A.help B．outweigh
C．enhance D．favor
答题策略
语法填空——比较级
常见的比较级应用
① 参照比较级标志词than，应用比较级
② 有介词of/in短语表示比较范围的，或是有定语从句限定表示比较范围的，应用最高级。但注意He is the better of the two的固定表达形式。
③ as... as之间用原级练习50　七选五＋完形填空＋应用文写作
Ⅰ.七选五
2022·全国乙卷 应用文 326词 ★★★☆☆
Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain (保持) long distance friendships.
Set a regular date
Long lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact (联系) and share with one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. __1__
More isn't always merrier
Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both. __2__. There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.
Practise empathy (共情)
__3__. The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned.
__4__
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long distance friendships. Although technology might make day to day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends' birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
Don't rely on technology alone
__5__， but long distance friendships—even close ones—may require more conscious effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it Just spend face to face time together whenever possible.
A．Remember important dates
B．Compensate by writing letters
C．It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D．Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E．Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F．It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G．You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
Ⅱ.完形填空
2022·福建厦门期中 记叙文 218词 ★★★☆☆
Over the past 38 years, Mr. Wang has pretended to be someone else many times, and has even learned to __1__ different dialects (方言), leading to him being described as an “Oscar winning actor”．
The 60 year old is not an actor, but a __2__. However, he is more devoted to his “__3__” than many real actors.
In the 1990s, a group of thieves often sold stolen goods with the help of some beggars. To look into the __4__， Wang disguised himself and __5__ the beggars. Dirty shorts and old shoes gave him the __6__ of a real beggar and his convincing dialect soon won him the __7__ of the beggars.
“I often __8__ them to drink alcohol. Once they were __9__， they began to talk a lot，” Wang said. “I'd then __10__ myself to use the toilet, __11__ what the beggars said, and send the __12__ to my teammates.”
Wang, who is often in __13__ situations, is also a judo (柔道) master. “As long as I get close enough, no criminal can __14__ from me，” he said.
Wang's __15__ won him several honors, including a National May Day Labor Medal and 11 Citations of Merit, Paris.
1．A.teach B．compare
C．assess D．speak
2．A.lawyer B．doctor
C．policeman D．businessman
3．A.role B．study
C．family D．audience
4．A.minor B．case
C．future D．question
5．A.interviewed B．joined
C．arrested D．assisted
6．A.challenge B．experience
C．appearance D．freedom
7．A.vote B．sympathy
C．permission D．trust
8．A.invited B．forced
C．helped D．expected
9．A.drunk B．deserted
C．bored D．lost
10．A.guide B．persuade
C．excuse D．allow
11．A.refer to B．note down
C．ask about D．miss out
12．A.plan B．agreement
C．direction D．information
13．A.awkward B．dangerous
C．unfortunate D．strange
14．A.separate B．recover
C．escape D．hear
15．A.courage B．honesty
C．kindness D．optimism
Ⅲ.应用文写作
[2022·浏阳六校联考]假定你是李华，Mr. Louis Alexander(英国著名语言学家)应邀来你校参观、讲学，并进行座谈了解中国学生英语学习情况。现由你代表你校学生主持座谈会，对客人表示欢迎，并简要介绍其作品，告诉大家在座谈会上就英语学习方面的问题随意向Mr. Alexander提问。
注意：1.行文连贯、通顺，字数80词左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文流畅。
参考词汇：讲学 deliver a lecture；
语言学家 linguist；
作品名称 New Concept English and Follow Me
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答题策略
语法填空——名词
甄别名词的数与格错误
数 ① 可数名词大于一时用复数，不可数名词没有复数形式。易考查的不可数名词：luggage, information, language, furniture, equipment, knowledge, fun, advice等
② 根据名词前的修饰语判断名词的数，如these，lots of, several, many等
③ 根据谓语动词的数判断作主语的名词的数：谓语动词或助动词用复数，主语就用复数；谓语动词或助动词用单数，主语就用单数
④ 根据上下文信息判断名词的数：比如上文交代了人数，后文对应的名词的数应该与上文一致
⑤ 根据生活常识判断名词的数：比如一个人的肩膀是一左一右，不特别指明是某一边的肩膀时，shoulder应用复数
格 ⑥ 根据逻辑意义判断名词的格：比如表示“到达朋友家”应为at my friend's练习58　阅读理解＋读后续写
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
2022·全国乙卷 说明文 300词 ★★★★☆
The Government's sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as Ministers first predicted it would generate, the first official data on the policy has shown.
First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity (肥胖). It is believed that today's children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease.
Initially the sugar tax was expected to make ￡520m a year for the Treasury. However, data of the first six months showed it would make less than half this amount. At present it is expected to generate ￡240m for the year ending in April 2019, which will go to school sports.
It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers (制造商) so they can avoid paying the tax. Drinks now contain 45 million fewer kilos of sugar as a result of manufacturers' efforts to avoid the charge, according to Treasury figures. Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import, depending on the sugar content.
However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers. Fruit juices, milk based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax, as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year.
Today's figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities (设施) and healthier eating in schools. Helping the next generation to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance, and the industry is playing its part.
1．Why was the sugar tax introduced
A．To collect money for schools.
B．To improve the quality of drinks.
C．To protect children's health.
D．To encourage research in education.
2．How did some drinks companies respond to the sugar tax
A．They turned to overseas markets.
B．They raised the prices of their products.
C．They cut down on their production.
D．The reduced their products' sugar content.
3．From which of the following is the sugar tax collected
A．Most alcoholic drinks.
B．Milk based drinks.
C．Fruit juices.
D．Classic Coke.
4．What can be inferred about the adoption of the sugar tax policy
A．It is a short sighted decision.
B．It is a success story.
C．It benefits manufacturers.
D．It upsets customers.
B
2022·全国乙卷 说明文 307词 ★★★★☆
Can a small group of drones (无人机) guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year That is the very likely future of applying today's “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure (基础设施) worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.
Drones are already being used to examine high tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points. The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on time performance will be improved. Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient (高效) across the board.
That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews' efforts.
By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones for rail don't need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones of the future. They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously. Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast moving trains would be able to react in time.
5．What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible
A.The use of drones in checking on power lines.
B．Drones' ability to work at high altitudes.
C．The reduction of cost in designing drones.
D．Drones' reliable performance in remote areas.
6．What does “maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to
A．Personnel safety.
B．Assistance from drones.
C．Inspection and repair.
D．Construction of infrastructure.
7．What function is expected of the rail drones
A．To provide early warning.
B．To make trains run automatically.
C．To earn profits for the crews.
D．To accelerate transportation.
8．Which is the most suitable title for the text
A．What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones
B．How Production of Drones Can Be Expanded
C．What Difficulty Drone Development Will Face
D．How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways
Ⅱ.读后续写
[2022·烟台市高考诊断性测试]阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
An anxious call came into Jimmy Gilleece's bar. A newly married woman, who had spent the afternoon at the bar, couldn't find her wallet. She didn't care about her ID, credit cards, or $ 150 in cash—but her wedding ring was inside.
Gilleece didn't like the idea that a theft could have occurred at his place. So he set out to look for the wallet. He spent hours looking through security camera videos, watching the woman's every step in the bar until she went to sit on a bench outside and left when her ride arrived. Within minutes, a young man approached the bench, slipped something into his pocket, and walked off. Gilleece posted a clip (片断) on the bar's website. “I didn't want to punish him，” he said.“I just asked if anybody knew who the guy was.”
Within hours, Gilleece got a text from 17 year old Prather, who admitted having taken the wallet and told Gilleece he'd done it because he hadn't eaten in two days. He said he saw the ring but thought it was fake (假的), so he took the money and threw the wallet off the dock (码头) into the ocean. Then he bought a sandwich.
Gilleece, unsure whether he believed Prather, told the teen to meet him at the dock, where they got talking and Prather revealed that he wasn't getting along with his family and had been living in the woods for a week. Judging from Prather's small body and red cheeks, Gilleece saw him for what he was: more of a kid than a criminal.
But the police were already on the case, and because of the missing ring, Prather could be facing charges. “He would be going to big boy prison. I have to help him somehow，” Gilleece thought.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Gilleece paid two divers to search the waters where Prather had thrown the wallet.
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Then suddenly a diver came up to the surface of the water.
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答题策略
语法填空——词语辨析
常见词语辨析
① many修饰或代替可数名词复数；much修饰或代替不可数名词
② “时间段＋ago”相对现在多久以前；“时间段＋before”相对过去多久以前
③ some用于肯定句；any用于疑问句和否定句
④ so与very均可修饰形容词或副词的原级，much多修饰比较级，very much修饰动词
⑤ ever“从来，在任何时候，曾经”；never“从来不”
⑥ latest为形容词，意为“最新的”；later作副词表示“较晚地；后来”，与表示时间的词连用，表示“……之后”
⑦ beside为介词，表示“在……旁边”；besides为副词，表示“除此以外(还)”
⑧ used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”；be used to doing sth.“习惯于做某事”
⑨ no相当于not a或not any；not否定动词练习3　单句语法填空＋阅读理解
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(并列连词和名词性从句)
1．[2022·广东深圳中学期中]In any unsafe situation, simply press the button ________ one of our highly trained hotel staff will get you the help you need.
2．[2022·江苏南通期末]I did not understand all of the traditional customs, ________ a few made a deep impression on me.
3．[2022·陕西宝鸡模拟]She said, “It is out of my expectations ________ we can have a delivery service here.”
4．It is your choice! ________ you come to my place ________ I go to yours.
5．We were supposed to receive a warm welcome, but the host was ________ friendly ________ hospitable.
6．Richard swims three times a week after work. This is ________ he keeps fit.
7．Another important quality I should have is a warm personality which means that I should be friendly and ________ I must never be impolite to people.
8．You don't know ________ a letter like that means to me.
9．With time going by, ________ once seemed vital in our life is no longer as important now.
10．I was in such a hurry that I paid no attention to ________ or not the milk was hot.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
2022·全国甲卷 应用文 297词 ★★☆☆☆
Theatres and Entertainment
St David's Hall
St David's Hall is the award winning National Concert Hall of Wales standing at the very heart of Cardiff's entertainment centre. With an impressive 2，000 seat concert hall, St David's Hall is home to the annual Welsh Proms Cardiff. It presents live entertainment, including pop, rock, folk, jazz, musicals, dance, world music, films and classical music.
The Hayes, Cardiff CF10 1AH
www.stdavidshallcardiff.co.uk
The Glee Club
Every weekend this is “Wales” premier comedy club where having a great time is the order for both audiences and comedy stars alike. It is hard to name a comedy star who hasn't been on the stage here. If you are looking for the best comedies on tour and brilliant live music, you should start here.
Mermaid Quay, Cardiff Bay, Cardiff CF10 5BZ
www.glee.co.uk/cardiff
Sherman Cymru
Sherman Cymru's theatre in the Cathays area of Cardiff reopened in February 2012. This special building is a place in which theatre is made and where children, artists, writers and anyone else have the opportunity (机会) to do creative things. Sherman Cymru is excited to present a packed programme of the very best theatre, dance, family shows and music from Wales and the rest of the world.
Senghennydd Road, Cardiff CF24 4YE
www.shermancymru.co.uk
New Theatre
The New Theatre has been the home of quality drama, musicals, dance and children's shows for more than 100 years. Presenting the best of the West End along with the pick of the UK's touring shows, the New Theatre is Cardiff's oldest surviving traditional theatre. Be sure to pay a visit as part of your stay in the city.
Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3LN
www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk
1．Where is the Welsh Proms Cardiff hosted
A．At the New Theatre.
B．At the Glee Club.
C．At Sherman Cymru.
D．At St David's Hall.
2．What can people do at the Glee Club
A．Watch musicals. B．Enjoy comedies.
C．See family shows. D．Do creative things.
3．Which website can you visit to learn about Cardiff's oldest surviving theatre
A．www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk
B．www.shermancymru.co.uk
C．www.glee.co.uk/cardiff
D．www.stdavidshallcardiff.co.uk
B
2022·新高考Ⅰ卷 说明文 300词 ★★★☆☆
Like most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste. The arugula (芝麻菜) was to make a nice green salad, rounding out a roast chicken dinner. But I ended up working late. Then friends called with a dinner invitation. I stuck the chicken in the freezer. But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; I could have made six salads with what I threw out.
In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry, “food waste goes against the moral grain，” as Elizabeth Royte writes in this month's cover story. It's jaw dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away—from “ugly”(but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans.
Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other resources used to grow it. That makes food waste an environmental problem. In fact, Royte writes, “if food waste were a country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”
If that's hard to understand, let's keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of my refrigerator. Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time—but for him, it's more like 12 boxes of donated strawberries nearing their last days. Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington, D．C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered more than 807，500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的) produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields. And the strawberries Volunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road.
Such methods seem obvious, yet so often we just don't think. “Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won't eat，” Curtin says.
4．What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story
A．We pay little attention to food waste.
B．We waste food unintentionally at times.
C．We waste more vegetables than meat.
D．We have good reasons for wasting food.
5．What is a consequence of food waste according to the text
A.Moral decline.
B．Environmental harm.
C．Energy shortage.
D．Worldwide starvation.
6．What does Curtin's company do
A．It produces kitchen equipment.
B．It turns rotten arugula into clean fuel.
C．It helps local farmers grow fruits.
D．It makes meals out of unwanted food.
7．What does Curtin suggest people do
A．Buy only what is needed.
B．Reduce food consumption.
C．Go shopping once a week.
D．Eat in restaurants less often.
黄金考点
语法填空——代词
考点5 代词的基本用法
考例 Running is cheap, easy and it's always energetic. If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give ________ a try.
点拨 give it a try为固定搭配，意为“试一试”。根据语境可知，it指代running，故可填it或running。
考点6 代词宾格作宾语(me，us，you，him，her，it，them)
考例 When the gorillas (大猩猩) and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find ________ (they) alive.
点拨 作动词find的宾语，应用其宾格形式them。
考点7 物主代词作定语修饰名词(my, your, his/her/its, our, your, their)
考例 Data about the moon's composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether ________ (it) plans for future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
点拨 这里名词plans前缺少定语，根据提示词it可知应用其代词it的形容词性物主代词its。练习47　语法填空＋七选五＋完形填空
Ⅰ.语法填空
2022·广西柳州一模 说明文 190词 ★★★☆☆
According to psychologist Katherine Phillip's research, parents often praise their children when a task is completed, 1.________ (believe) they are building their children's self confidence. However, over praising can have 2.________ negative impact. When parents use the same praise repeatedly, it may become empty and no longer valued by children. It can also become an 3.________ (expect) that anything they do must 4.________ (reward) with praise. This may lead to children avoiding taking risks due to the fear of disappointing their parents. The key 5.________ healthy praise is to focus on the process rather than the outcome. This kind of praise is the recognition of children's attempt, efforts or the process in which they achieved something 6.________ is essential. Phillip says it's important to distinguish between “person praise” and “process praise”. Person praise like “You are really clever” is 7.________ (simple) saying how great he is, which is a 8.________ (person) approval. Process praise is the acknowledgment of the efforts a child has just made, like “You worked hard”. The research 9.________ (suggest) that giving children process praise after success can help 10.________ (they) deal much better with failure because it owes outcomes to efforts rather than abilities.
Ⅱ.七选五
2020·全国卷Ⅲ 说明文 320词 ★★★★☆
A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house. The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the party. The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home. __1__ And it is a good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents.
__2__ Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local store or stores. Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isn't a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a plant.
__3__ This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn't a lot of food served. There are usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give all the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. __4__
Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift.__5__ Now most homes have central heating and don't use fires to keep warm.
A．This isn't usual though.
B．It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.
C．You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.
D．If you're lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E．It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.
F．The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.
G．This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.
Ⅲ.完形填空
2022·山东枣庄月考 记叙文 242词 ★★★☆☆
Holly Morrell will never forget the phone call that changed her life. Her father __1__ to say that a 16 year old boy had died of a heart __2__ on the field at the local high school. He said, “We have to do something.” She __3__.
Although neither Holly nor her dad knew the boy, they were both too __4__ with cardiac arrest (心脏骤停), a condition that kills about 325，000 Americans each year. Holly says, “Screenings (筛查) __5__ lives.”
Within weeks of her dad's call, Holly organized her first cardiac screening event at the __6__ boy's high school. In 2007, she __7__ Heartfelt, a non profit organization that provides free or low cost cardiac screenings for adults and children. “My goal is to make screenings __8__ to as many people as possible，” says Holly.
Experts say that early detection is __9__ to preventing sudden cardiac arrest, which often occurs to seemingly healthy people with no __10__ of heart disease. “We're always looking for ways to __11__ sudden cardiac death, and Holly's program is one of those ways，” says Dr. Tony McCanta, a cardiologist. “What Holly's doing is __12__.” For Holly who had a cardiac defibrillator (除颤器) implanted to help __13__ her heartbeat and has tolerated seven heart related __14__， it was all she wanted to do. “I believe that my own __15__ was saved so I could keep doing this work.”
1．A.paused B．returned
C．tended D．called
2．A.operation B．rate
C．attack D．beat
3．A.recalls B．remarks
C．marks D．tries
4．A.busy B．strict
C．familiar D．tired
5．A.save B．treat
C．forgive D．respect
6．A.missed B．failed
C．selfish D．lost
7．A.closed B．launched
C．played D．predicted
8．A.legal B．available
C．luxurious D．suitable
9．A.important B．equal
C．contrary D．accessible
10．A.cure B．history
C．clue D．excuse
11．A.explain B．approach
C．oppose D．prevent
12．A.amazing B．confusing
C．relaxing D．disappointing
13．A.restart B．sweep
C．regulate D．see
14．A.surgeries B．papers
C．challenges D．chances
15．A.sickness B．mind
C．life D．job
答题策略
语法填空——名词性从句
名词性从句的解题步骤
例题 People were unfamiliar with his product at the beginning; and made many guesses at ________ it was produced.
步骤 ① 分析句子结构判断从句类型：分析可知，在句中作介词at的宾语，为宾语从句
② 分析所填词在从句中的句子成分：从句it was produced为主系表结构，缺少状语，从连接副词when/whenever, where/wherever, how/however, why, because 中选择
③ 结合句意确定连词：人们一开始对他的产品不熟悉，并对它是如何生产出来的做了许多猜测。表示“如何”，应用连词how
答案 how 介词at后边是一个宾语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，结合句意应用how引导。
练习48　阅读理解＋七选五＋应用文写作
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
2022·广东六校联考 说明文 310词 ★★★★☆
Questioning the existence of aliens is something that scientists have done for decades. In fact, most people do believe that aliens exist in some fashion. The main necessities for life are water and some form of energy source. Not surprisingly, there are some planets, exoplanets and moons that fit the bill. Here are several best chances at finding life in the universe.
◆TRAPPIST 1
TRAPPIST 1 is a planetary system a few dozen light years away, whose discovery was announced in early 2017. This system consists of seven Earth like exoplanets orbiting an “ultra cool” star, and it is one of our shots at finding possible life beyond our own solar system.
◆Titan
Titan is the largest moon of Saturn, the sixth planet from our Sun. This moon could potentially harbor life but possibly not in the sense that we think. Titan does not exactly fit the description of being in a typical habitable zone.
Titan has water, and it has liquid. It just doesn't have liquid water. The water on this moon is completely solid because of the extremely cold temperature.
　　　　　　　　　　◆Europa
Europa is one of Jupiter's moons here in our own solar system. It is another candidate due to its potential to hold liquid water. Europa is thought to have all the necessities for life including water, energy sources, and the right chemical build up.
◆Mars
The Red Planet, the fourth from the Sun, is probably one of the most talked about potential candidates for extraterrestrial (地球外的) life and even for human colonization. Despite some different voices, finding extraterrestrial life on Mars really is a serious possibility.
We know by now that we won't find little green men or any intelligent form of life that we understand. However, there is evidence that there was and may still be microscopic life on the small red planet.
1．The common point of these celestial bodies (天体) is that________．
A．solid water exists on them respectively
B．life might exist on each of them
C．they all contain liquid water
D．each of them has living things on it
2．Which celestial body could have life different from human imagination
A．TRAPPIST 1. B．Titan.
C．Europa. D．Mars.
3．Which of the following statements is TRUE
A．Europa is the most talked about potential candidate for extraterrestrial life.
B．TRAPPIST 1 is the only body that contains life beyond the solar system.
C．All the scientists do believe that aliens exist in some manner.
D．There is proof that life existed on the celestial body Mars.
B
2022·全国乙卷 应用文 321词 ★★★★☆
In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N．Y.—Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood—traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one room schoolhouse. The girls had gone to Smith College. They wore expensive clothes. So for them to move to Elkhead, Colo, to instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string was a surprise. Their stay in Elkhead is the subject of Nothing Daunted: The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden, who is a magazine editor and Dorothy Woodruff's granddaughter.
Why did they go then Well, they wanted to do something useful. Soon, however, they realized what they had undertaken.
They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning. Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold. In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice.
In Wickenden's book, she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism, which of course influenced the girls' decision to go to Elkhead. A hair raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed (牵涉) drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms. The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy's return to Auburn.
Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism (坚忍) of the people move her to some beautiful writing. Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff, on her horse, looking down from a hill top：“When the sun slipped behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all around them. Then a full moon rose. The snow was marked only by small animals: foxes, coyotes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.”
4．Why did Dorothy and Rosamond go to the Rocky Mountains
A．To teach in a school.
B．To study American history.
C．To write a book.
D．To do sightseeing.
5．What can we learn about the girls from paragraph 3
A．The enjoyed much respect.
B．They had a room with a bathtub.
C．They lived with the local kids.
D．They suffered severe hardships.
6．Which part of Wickenden's writing is hair raising
A．The extreme climate of Auburn.
B．The living conditions in Elkhead.
C．The railroad building in the Rockies.
D．The natural beauty of the West.
7．What is the text
A．A news report. B．A book review.
C．A children's story. D．A diary entry.
Ⅱ.七选五
2022·广东六校联考 说明文 310词 ★★★★☆
Leadership is important to make students prepared for future success in the career and life. __1__. As a student leader, you need to develop the ability to lead and inspire your peers. Besides being personable and responsible, good leaders should always：
●Stay authentic
Authentic leaders are trusted because they are firm, especially when faced with the challenges of popular opinion. As a student leader, you need to be sure the ideals that got you elected are consistent throughout policymaking and planning. __2__.
●Keep an open mind and always listen
__3__. They foster a creative and cooperative environment. A good leader is someone who is comfortable with handling suggestions and adapting to changing situations.
● __4__
There will certainly be times when your plan goes wrong, even if this isn't your first time being elected. Be prepared for the worst, take responsibility for the outcome, and stay optimistic. A good leader learns from experience and actively plans for the future.
●Seek knowledge
Leaders should keep on learning and continuously develop their skills so they can inspire their followers. Various programs to develop leadership skills are available for you to choose from. __5__. It is surely necessary for any student leader position.
A．Learn from mistakes to improve
B．You need to focus on team building
C．However, this ability doesn't come with birth
D．Know how to divide tasks among different people
E．Open communication and consideration of all ideas are important
F．Always remember to stay true to yourself and the values you believe in
G．You may try a hands on program that focuses on essential leadership qualities
Ⅲ.应用文写作
[2022·湖南师大附中月考]假定你是李华，你校网站准备面向在华外籍高中生举办一次“我眼中的中国”征文活动。请你给在某国际学校就读的你的好友Eric发一封电子邮件告知此事，并鼓励他投稿。内容包括：
1．语言：英文或中文；
2．截止时间：2022年11月15日；
3．联系方式：editingcentre@
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Eric，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
练习49　语法填空＋阅读理解
Ⅰ.语法填空
2022·四川成都调研 说明文 198词 ★★★☆☆
The 2020 Nobel Peace Prize 1.________ (go) to the World Food Programme (WFP) on Friday, October 9, 2020. The agency was recognized for its efforts to fight hunger, for its contribution to 2.________ (improve) conditions in conflict affected areas and for acting as a driving force to prevent the use of hunger 3.________ a weapon of war and conflict. The efforts of WFP focus on emergency assistance, development aid and special operations, two thirds of 4.________ are made in conflict affected countries. In those countries, people are three times more likely to suffer poor nutrition 5.________ those living in countries without conflict do.
David Beasley, WFP Executive Director, said the 6.________ (announce) made by the Norwegian Nobel Committee turned the global spotlight on the 690 million people 7.________ (expose) to severe levels of food insecurity. “Every one of them has the right to live peacefully and without hunger.”
Mr. Beasley also noted that the Nobel Peace Prize was not 8.________ (simple) WFP's. He said, “WFP works closely with governments, organizations and individuals whose love for helping hungry people equals 9.________ (we). We could not possibly help anyone without them. And the daily work of our members 10.________ (drive) by our core values of integrity (诚实正直) and humanity.”
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
2022·雅安中学月考 记叙文 327词 ★★★★☆
My 11 year old daughter has been awarded an academic scholarship to a private school. It's only a small discount, but the scholarship means she'll skip the waiting list—provided my husband and I can cover $20，000 a year. Should we pay the private school fees, or choose free education instead
I always assumed my children would go to a private school, like I did. Not because my family is wealthy, but because I believe that the best education is private. It took years for me to make peace with the fact that my two children attended our local public primary school. They'll go to a private high school, I told myself. Yet here we are. My eldest is now in her last year of primary school, and my husband and I will struggle to afford private school. If so, I could increase my work hours. My law degree was supposed to be my ticket to a good job and a solid income, but that's not quite how it turned out.
During many sleepless nights, I felt troubled by the decision. Although I want the best for my daughter, I have my own dreams too. I can't sacrifice everything for my precious girl. I explain that I want to be a positive role model for my daughter, and an unhappy parent is a terrible strain on a family. I point out that not even the privilege of private school will protect my children from disappointment or struggle. And finally, it's decided. My daughter is going to the public school behind our home. She couldn't be more pleased.
It's taken me a little longer, but now I'm content. More than my fancy private school education, it's my family that shaped me. With high school now 25 years in the past, I can no longer remember the mathematical problems and Shakespearean quotes I once knew so perfectly. The lessons from my childhood home, however, have proved impossible to forget.
1．From the passage we know that ________．
A．the scholarship her daughter won could cover most of her school fees
B．her two children attended their local private primary school
C．the writer had a good job and a solid income
D．it took a long time for her to make the final decision
2．Why did the writer want her daughter to go to a private school at first
A．Because her daughter earned an academic
scholarship.
B．Because she wanted her daughter to receive the best education.
C．Because she wanted her daughter to skip the waiting list.
D．Because her daughter's potential was wasted at the public primary school.
3．The underlined word “strain” in paragraph 3 refers to ________．
A．anger B．comfort
C．burden D．relief
4．What does the passage indicate
A．Parents should make every sacrifice for their children.
B．Finance should be taken into account when it comes to education.
C．Private school education is not as good as public school education.
D．Rather than school education, family influences a person most.
B
2020·全国卷Ⅲ 说明文 315词 ★★★★☆
With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation (孤独), more families are choosing to live together.
The doorway to peace and quiet, for Nick Bright at least, leads straight to his mother in law: she lives on the ground floor, while he lives upstairs with his wife and their two daughters.
Four years ago they all moved into a three storey Victorian house in Bristol—one of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under the same roof. They share a front door and a washing machine, but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor.
“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house，” says Kathryn Whitehead. Rita cuts in: “We spoke more with Nick because I think it's a big thing for Nick to live with his mother in law.”
And what does Nick think “From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well. Would I recommend it Yes, I think I would.”
It's hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some time. Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325，000 in 2001 to 419，000 in 2013.
Other varieties of multigenerational family are more common. Some people live with their elderly parents; many more adult children are returning to the family home, if they ever left. It is said that about 20% of 25 34 year olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991. The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.
Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multigenerational living is more firmly rooted. In India, particularly outside cities, young women are expected to move in with their husband's family when they get married.
5．Who mainly uses the ground floor in the Victorian house in Bristol
A．Nick. B．Rita.
C．Kathryn. D．The daughters.
6．What is Nick's attitude towards sharing the house with his mother in law
A．Positive. B．Carefree.
C．Tolerant. D．Unwilling.
7．What is the author's statement about multigenerational family based on
A．Family traditions.
B．Financial reports.
C．Published statistics.
D．Public opinions.
8．What is the text mainly about
A．Lifestyles in different countries.
B．Conflicts between generations.
C．A housing problem in Britain.
D．A rising trend of living in the UK.
答题策略
语法填空——状语从句
状语从句的使用
例题 The young couple, who returned my lost wallet, left ________ I could ask for their names.
步骤 ① 分析句子结构判断从句类型：分析可知，couple作主语，left作谓语，从句________I could ask for their names在句中作状语，为状语从句
② 结合句意判断何种状语从句：那对年轻的夫妇归还了我丢失的钱包，在我还没有问他们的名字之前他们就离开了。可知，从句为时间状语从句，连词从when, as, while, before, since, until等中选择。
③ 结合句意确定连词：表示“在我问起他们的名字之前”，连词用before
答案 Before　那对年轻的夫妇归还了我丢失的钱包，在我还没有问他们的名字之前他们就离开了。根据句子的意思，空处表示“在……之前”，故填before练习4　单句语法填空＋阅读理解
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(定语从句和状语从句)
1．The meeting will be put off till next week, a time ________ most of our clients will have been back from abroad.
2．[2022·湖南长郡中学检测]The reason ________ he was late for work was ________ he missed the bus by one minute this morning.
3．[2022·河北深州中学期末]With a total length of 4，000 meters and a width of 75 meters, one of its runways is a 4F runway—the highest level in the international aviation industry, ________ large civil aircraft like an Airbus A380 can take off and land.
4．Whenever I read the old letters, ________ was fairly often, sweet memories warmed my heart.
5．With a loving character, Tom is such a kind and helpful person ________ we cannot praise too much.
6．It is the family photo hung on the wall that always reminds me that family is the place ________ I should try my best to take care of.
7．As far as I am concerned，youth is a period ________ we should study hard and make ourselves well prepared for the future.
8．Young ________ she is, she has traveled to many countries to put on shows.
9．The young couple, who returned my lost wallet, left ________ I could ask for their names.
10．To such a degree was he excited ________ he couldn't sleep last night.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
2022·新高考Ⅰ卷 说明文 320词 ★☆☆☆☆
The elderly residents (居民) in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely.
The project was dreamed up by a local charity (慈善组织) to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people's wellbeing. It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia, a serious illness of the mind. Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use.
Among those taking part in the project is 80 year old Ruth Xavier. She said：“I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school.”
I like the project a lot. I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to see they've gone to bed.”
“It's good to have a different focus. People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them. I'm enjoying the creative activities, and it feels great to have done something useful.”
There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East, and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide.
Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark__on the project, said：“Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.”
Lynn Lewis, director of Notting Hill Pathways，said：“We are happy to be taking part in the project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.”
1．What is the purpose of the project
A．To ensure harmony in care homes.
B．To provide part time jobs for the aged.
C．To raise money for medical research.
D．To promote the elderly people's welfare.
2．How has the project affected Ruth Xavier
A．She has learned new life skills.
B．She has gained a sense of achievement.
C．She has recovered her memory.
D．She has developed a strong personality.
3．What do the underlined words“embark on” mean in paragraph 7
A．Improve. B．Oppose.
C．Begin. D．Evaluate.
4．What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs
A．It is well received.
B．It needs to be more creative.
C．It is highly profitable.
D．It takes ages to see the results.
B
2022·全国甲卷 说明文 246词 ★★☆☆☆
Goffin's cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape recognition abilities to a human two year old. Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment, cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it. The clear front of the box had a “keyhole” in a geometric shape, and the birds were given five differently shaped “keys” to choose from. Inserting the correct “key” would let out the nut.
In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes. This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an “allocentric frame of reference”. In the experiment, Goffin's cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition alone. Where trial and error was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests. This indicates that Goffin's cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space, similar to two year old babies.
The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues (线索), or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections.
5．How did the cockatoos get the nut from the box in the experiment
A．By following instructions.
B．By using a tool.
C．By turning the box around.
D．By removing the lid.
6．Which task can human one year olds most likely complete according to the text
A．Using a key to unlock a door.
B．Telling parrots from other birds.
C．Putting a ball into a round hole.
D．Grouping toys of different shapes.
7．What does the follow up test aim to find out about the cockatoos
A．How far they are able to see.
B．How they track moving objects.
C．Whether they are smarter than monkeys.
D．Whether they use a sense of touch in the test.
8．Which can be a suitable title for the text
A．Cockatoos：Quick Error Checkers
B．Cockatoos：Independent Learners
C．Cockatoos：Clever Signal Readers
D．Cockatoos：Skilful Shape Sorters
黄金考点
语法填空——介词
考点8 介词的基本用法
考例 The far side of the moon is of particular interest to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so ________ the familiar near side.
点拨 考查介词。根据设空处前的more可知，设空处应填介词than。
考点9 介词用于固定短语
考例 Bamboo plants are associated ________ health, abundance and a happy home.
点拨 句意：竹子与健康、富足和幸福家庭联系在一起。be associated with为固定短语，故填with。练习22　语法填空＋阅读理解
Ⅰ.语法填空
2022·湖南株洲质检 说明文 191词 ★★★☆☆
A company, Interstellar Lab, believes they have created a system that can solve the food problem related to further space exploration. They have developed an 1.________ (advance) system that can grow plants anywhere, even in space. They call their greenhouses managed by artificial intelligence (AI) BioPods, which 2.________ (confirm) to be very practical so far. In fact, Interstellar Lab says that BioPods reduce the amount of land and water 3.________ (need) to produce food by 99 percent. That is not 4.________ impossible thing. BioPods don't use any soil to grow plants, 5.________ the vast majority of water there is recycled.
Plants are grown inside BioPods, 6.________ they float in the air and a nutrient rich mist is sprayed over their roots. In this way, BioPods carefully conserve water with amazing 7.________ (consequence). According to Interstellar Lab, BioPod grown plants are up to 300 times more productive than 8.________ (traditional) grown plants, and at the same time require only a little water.
The conditions inside BioPods are controlled by AI, which can change anything from the lighting 9.________ the temperature to maximize growth. It 10.________ (optimize) growth conditions whatever the environment is outside, including the empty space.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
2022·河北衡水联考 说明文 335词 ★★★☆☆
For the first time, a rat has won a British aid group's top award for animal bravery. The animal is being honored for its work searching out unexploded landmines (地雷) in Cambodia.
Magawa was born in Tanzania in 2014, and he's a little bigger than normal rats. Magawa and several other rats are part of the “Hero Rat” program run by a group called APOPO. Because the rats are so light, there's little danger that they will cause accidents while working.
From a young age he was trained to sniff out TNT (炸药). The training normally takes about a year. Magawa's main job is to sniff out a kind of bomb, known as a landmine which is hidden, usually underground. In Cambodia, where Magawa works, landmines were common during long periods of civil war. Since 1979, these mines have killed or injured over 64，000 people.
Magawa is taken out to a minefield, which he carefully goes over, section by section. Magawa's master, Malen, guides him carefully across the field on a leash (皮带). When Magawa finds a landmine, he scratches at the dirt above it, wigwagging that he's found something.
Because the rats work by sniffing, they're very fast. It only takes Magawa 30 minutes to search an area as big as a tennis court. A human doing the same job would take four days. Malen says that Magawa and his colleagues are very confident in the field. He works quickly and is easily able to make decisions about whether something is a danger or not. Magawa is the star sniffer of the “Hero Rat” program. He's found 39 landmines and 28 bombs that were dropped from planes, but never exploded.
1．What made Magawa join in the “Hero Rat” program
A．His beneficial birthplace.
B．His great achievements.
C．His strict training.
D．His being light in weight.
2．What does the underlined word “wigwagging” mean in Paragraph 4
A．Signaling. B．Pretending.
C．Remembering. D．Accepting.
3．What can be inferred about Magawa when he is working
A．He finds a minefield ineffectively.
B．He makes accurate judgments.
C．He has other rats act confidently.
D．He spends most of his time digging dirt.
4．Where is the text probably taken from
A．A textbook. B．A novel.
C．A newspaper. D．A diary.
B
2022·东北摸底考试 说明文 328词 ★★★☆☆
As we all know, most animals only perform tricks when given treats. However, Kim, the world's first spider to learn a skill, needs no stimulus (刺激) to do what she loves—jumping to different heights and distances—upon the instruction of a team of scientists from the University of Manchester.
While the idea of training a spider might sound evil, the researchers' motives were purely scientific. They are trying to unlock the secrets behind the jumping spiders' extraordinarily high leaps to catch prey (猎物) or to escape their enemies. A better understanding of the spiders' leaps would help experts develop more efficient flying and jumping robots.
The scientists found that Kim could gather enough force in her legs to jump more than six times the length of her own body from a stationary position. What was even more amazing was that she always landed perfectly. For shorter distances, Kim used a lot of energy, resulting in quick leaps, which the researchers believe probably increases her chances of catching fast moving prey. The farther the distance was, the less extra energy was used, resulting in slower but precise leaps.
Previous studies have indicated that spiders use both their muscles and hydraulic (液压的) pressure—a mechanism by which blood is transferred to their extended legs—to make them push off the ground. However, in Kim's case, her leg muscles alone appeared to be generating enough force for the lift off. The researchers now intend to do further research to comprehend fully not just the spiders' jumping technique, but that of other insects as well. “We are familiar with robots that are aimed at taking over human functions, but there are millions of insects in the world that perform specific functions that we have interest in and can be adapted for robotics，” says Nabawy, the leading engineer of the researching team.
5．What is the purpose of scientists' researching the jumping spiders
A．To have fun and relax.
B．To help develop robots.
C．To get rid of spiders.
D．To protect this species.
6．Why did Kim use a lot of energy for short leaps
A．To jump high enough.
B．To land more precisely.
C．To catch fast moving prey.
D．To increase chances of escape.
7．What does the underlined word “that” in the last paragraph refer to
A．Jumping technique.
B．Leg muscles.
C．Further research.
D．Energy for lift off.
8．What can be a suitable title for this passage
A．Jumping Techniques Used by Jumping Spiders
B．Jumping Spiders Inspired Developing Robots
C．Animals Perform Tricks if Provided With Treats
D．The World's First Spider That Jumps on Demand
黄金考点
语法填空——时态
考点30 时态与上下文要一致
考例 Actually, I ________ (start) to learn kung fu when I was seven years old.
点拨 根据时间状语从句when I was seven years old可知，此处是在叙述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填started。
考点31 并列成分前后时态要一致
考例 The instructor kept repeating the words, “Speed up！” “Slow down！” “________ (turn) left！”
点拨 根据前面教练发出的两个指令可知，这三个短句属于并列结构，都是祈使句，谓语动词用原形，所以应填Turn，跟前面的Speed和Slow一致。练习34　语法填空＋阅读理解
Ⅰ.语法填空
2022·江苏常熟检测 说明文 211词 ★★★☆☆
Acupuncture (针灸), a component of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), appeared in China more than 2，000 years ago and is one of the 1.________ (treasure) of Chinese medicine. It functions by improving the smooth flow of life force energy, 2.________ (know) as qi in Chinese. The channels, through 3.________ qi flows from the body's primary organs to body tissues of the skin, muscles and bones, etc., are called meridians (经络), where most acupuncture needle points 4.________ (locate). In other words, the needles work by repairing damage to the basic structure of our bodies 5.________ (ensure) that the life force energy can flow smoothly. 6.________ acupuncture is not enough to cure all illnesses, at least it creates a good starting point to build a healthy body.
Acupuncture can serve as 7.________ effective introduction to TCM therapies in other countries. It is now 8.________ (wide) practiced throughout the world, having reached 103 countries besides China. So far, eighteen countries have covered acupuncture under their health insurance plans, indicating wide recognition of 9.________ (it) effectiveness. This growing worldwide acceptance has proved the many 10.________ (strong) of acupuncture, and the traditional Chinese wisdom is expected to bring health and happiness to more people in the future.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
2022·重庆一中月考 应用文 293词 ★★★☆☆
Hiking England
DAY 1: ST. BEES TO ENNERDALE BRIDGE
Our journey sets out early this morning with a Coast to Coast tradition approaching the Irish Sea. Then set off along the rocks of St. Bees Head. Turning inland, we'll pause for a typical pub lunch on our way to Ennerdale Bridge, located at the foot of the Lake District mountains. (15 miles hiking, 8 hours)
Accommodations: Ennerdale Country House Hotel
DAY 2: ENNERDALE BRIDGE TO HONISTER
Today we'll walk into impressive Lake District National Park, where glass like lakes reflect mountains that rise from their shores. Our pleasant walk covers the southern edge of Ennerdale Water, the park's most western lake. After lunch near the Black Sail Hut, climb a 2，000 foot mountain and take in the beautiful views of lakes and pastures (牧场). We finish in Borrowdale, a short transfer (转乘) from our hotel. (13 miles hiking, 9 hours)
Accommodations: Inn on the Lake
DAY 3: GRASMERE TO GLENRIDDLNG
Take a short drive to Grasmere, where the great poet William Wordsworth wrote some of his most well known works. Visit the poet's home, and walk through the village where he found inspiration. Then climb over Grisedale Hause enjoying views of Helvellyn, England's third highest mountaintop. Hike down the valley toward Lake Ullswater and spend the night in Glenridding. (9 miles hiking, 5 hours)
Accommodations: Glenridding Lake Hotel
DAY 4: LAKE ULLSWATER TO SHAP
The day begins with a scenic journey on Lake Ullswater to Howtown. From here, we cross a historic Roman road on our way to Bampton. Hike to the 12th century Shap Abbey. A short transfer takes us to our hotel in the typical English village of Ravenstonedale. (12 miles hiking, 7 hours)
Accommodations: The Black Swan
1．When do travellers walk the longest distance
A．On Day 1. B．On Day 2.
C．On Day 3. D．On Day 4.
2．Where is William Wordsworth's home
A．At Grisedale Hause.
B．At Helvellyn.
C．At Grasmere.
D．At Glenridding.
3．What is special about Ravenstonedale
A．It offers travelers a nice pub lunch.
B．It presents beautiful views of pastures.
C．It has England's third highest mountaintop.
D．It is an example of traditional English villages.
B
2022·赣州联考 记叙文 346词 ★★★☆☆
Minimalism (极简主义) is hot culturally, and for years, science has assured us that it was also the path to the greatest happiness. The popular wisdom is that people who want the most happiness for their money should buy experiences, not things. The idea is that joy of an experience begins before it even starts, and continues when you look back on the fancy dinner or vacation. Experiences provide, in other words, both more anticipatory (预期的) happiness and afterglow (回味) happiness.
But a recent study suggests that sweaters and iPhones might make you just as happy, in a way, as concerts do. There is a third type of happiness—momentary happiness—and it tends to last longer with material goods because people use them for more time than they typically experience their experiences for.
For the study, researchers Aaron Weidman and Elizabeth Dunn from the University of British Columbia gave 67 participants $20 to spend on either an experiential or material purchase of their choice, and then to report one experiential or material gift they had recently received. Then they quizzed them about their happiness levels.
They found that the study subjects gained more frequent momentary happiness from material goods, but stronger momentary happiness from the experiences. In other words, they enjoyed their material goods on a greater number of occasions than they did their experiences even though the happiness felt from the experiences was slightly stronger.
So should you spend much money on the latest iThing or on Hamilton tickets It depends on whether you are “seeking a strong but fleeting form of happiness，” Weidman and Dunn write, “or a more subtle (微弱的), frequent form of happiness that will last for weeks or months.”
4．What did the study of Weidman and Dunn find about happiness
A．Minimalism can bring real happiness.
B．Experiences bring stronger momentary happiness.
C．People should buy fewer materials in order to be happy.
D．Experiences can provide more frequent momentary happiness.
5．Which of the following can bring more frequent momentary happiness
A．Enjoying an opera.
B．Attending a birthday party.
C．Travelling around the world.
D．Buying a desired bicycle.
6．What does the underlined word “fleeting” in the last paragraph mean
A．Short. B．Lasting.
C．Equal. D．Mixed.
7．What's the author's attitude towards material purchase
A．Favorable. B．Doubtful.
C．Neutral. D．Cautious.
答题策略
语法填空——非谓语动词
非谓语动词所作成分
doing 作状语，表示伴随 作定语 作宾语补足语，用于with等复合结构 作介词 宾语　
done 作状语，表示被动或完成 作定语 作宾语补足语，用于with等复合结构
to do 作状语，表示目的 作定语
非谓语动词之间区分步骤
①找非谓语动词的逻辑主语； ②判断主被动关系：表示主动关系用doing，to do；表示被动关系用done; ③判断时间关系：非谓语动作发生在谓语动作之前用done; 之后用to do; 同时用doing。练习45　阅读理解＋读后续写
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
2022·安徽八校联考 说明文 291词 ★★★☆☆
Pearl Fryar knew he wanted to do something unique with the farmland he bought in South Carolina. He wanted to win the local garden club's “Yard of the Month” award.
Fryar didn't have the money to purchase new trees, so he began by using bushes and shrubs that a local nursery had thrown away—plants that looked dead to most people.
Because he worked days at a factory, Fryar often tended his garden at night. Neighbors got used to seeing him stand on the ladder, cutting up his steadily growing bushes. The shrubs began to take on different shapes. As the years went by, the creations became more delicate. Fryar began planting trees and using zip ties, coat hangers, PVC pipe, and even his wife's old stockings to achieve the forms he wanted. “He has a way of handling plants to do things he wants them to by training, bending, wiring and clipping，” said a neighbor.
Many professional gardeners are amazed by what Fryar has been able to accomplish. Some plants which wouldn't survive in the South thrived under his care.
Fryar's attention to detail and his willingness to work hard have made him a local hero. He was the first African American to win “Yard of the Month” from the local garden club.
Fryar's garden now includes about 400 species of plants and 150 different plant sculptures. A box for donations can be found on the property, but giving is optional. Fryar welcomes people who can't afford to pay. He understands. He's been there. “You can be somebody，” he tells students who visit the garden. “Show me anyone who works at anything with a passion and has patience, and they're going to be successful. Be strong enough not to let the barriers in life stop you.”
1．How did Fryar make his garden unique
A．He made the plants into different shapes.
B．He bought new trees from a local nursery.
C．He used his professional knowledge.
D．He asked his neighbors to cut up his bushes.
2．What does the underlined word “thrived” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Died away. B．Became weak.
C．Faded slowly. D．Grew strong.
3．What made Fryar win the award
A．Passion and innovation.
B．Patience and generosity.
C．Ambition and sympathy.
D．Willingness and honesty.
4．What is the best title for the text
A．Making a Man into a Hero
B．The Hard Life of Pearl Fryar
C．Transforming a Garden into Art
D．The First Man of “Yard of the Month”
B
2021·新高考Ⅰ卷 说明文 350词 ★★★☆☆
　　When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely. Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources. Millions of waterfowl (水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen. Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat (栖息地)．
In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory (迁徙的) waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival. Under this Act, all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp. The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J．N. “Ding” Darling, a political cartoonist from Des Moines, lowa, who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey. Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our natural resources.
About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System—a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come. Since 1934, better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat. Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated.
5．What was a cause of the waterfowl population decline in North America
A．Loss of wetlands.
B．Popularity of water sports.
C．Pollution of rivers.
D．Arrival of other wild animals.
6．What does the underlined word “decimate” mean in the first paragraph
A．Acquire. B．Export.
C．Destroy. D．Distribute.
7．What is a direct result of the Act passed in 1934
A．The stamp price has gone down.
B．The migratory birds have flown away.
C．The hunters have stopped hunting.
D．The government has collected money.
8．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．The Federal Duck Stamp Story
B．The National Wildlife Refuge System
C．The Benefits of Saving Waterfowl
D．The History of Migratory Bird Hunting
Ⅱ.读后续写
[2022·潍坊市高三下学期二模]阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I received an urgent call from my aunt. “Turn on the TV. Granny's on the Channel 10 news.” It turned out that Granny had made a sandwich run for her office and was stopped at a red light downtown. She had the window rolled down to enjoy the breeze when a man rushed up to the driver's side window, intending to carjack (劫车) her.
Now, what the would be carjacker couldn't have known was that this woman simply wasn't “a granny”. This was Nancy Johnson—the same woman who owned and lived on a Texas cattle farm, drove her own tractors, and dug her own post holes to lay fence. The week before, she had shot a rattlesnake and chopped off its head with a shovel. She was the proud owner of the new minivan (小型货车) she was driving. In other words, she was not your normal kind of granny.
The carjacker leaned into the open window, one hand stuffed in his pocket, and said, “Get out of this car. I have a gun, and I will shoot you.” A statement like that would have terrified anyone else. Instead, Granny saw it as a challenge. “If you really had a gun in your pocket, you would've pulled it out and led with that first，” she shouted at him, apparently unworried.
She was right. The criminal didn't have a gun. He instead reached into the window, grabbed her, and tried to pull her out of the van. He pulled open the door, wildly catching Granny's arms. Granny leaned her shoulder inside to press the horn (喇叭) and started yelling to make people around notice what was happening. With the door now open, she held tight the steering wheel with one arm and started kicking the man anywhere her foot could make contact. This tall woman had quite a reach.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
After a well placed kick, the man was done, and attempted to release her and run.
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Later, we asked “Granny, don't you realize you could have got yourself killed！”
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答题策略
语法填空——时态、语态
时态、语态题的解题步骤
例题 So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not for profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I ________ (allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the 600 acre centre.
步骤 ① 通过上下文时态、时间状语、各种从句判定时态，叙述过去的事用一般过去式，叙述客观事实用一般现在时；(多考查一般过去时)
② 结合句意，根据主语与谓语动词之间的主动、被动关系判定语态
③ 确定助动词be或have的单复数形式
答案 was allowed　上下文叙述的是过去的事情，使用的是一般过去时，如was(where定语从句中叙述的是一般事实，故用的是一般现在时，应该排除干扰。)，所填词也应用一般过去时。又因为主语I与谓语动词allow之间是被动关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态。主语是I，be动词用was练习31　语法填空＋阅读理解
Ⅰ.语法填空
2020·新高考Ⅰ卷 说明文 187词 ★★☆☆☆
Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e．g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries, 1.________ (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. They kept their collection at home until it got too big 2.________ until they died, and then it was given to a museum. The 80，000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, 3.________ (form) the core collection of the British Museum 4.________ opened in 1759.
The parts of a museum open to the public 5.________ (call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museum's collection 6.________ (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.
Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine 7.________ (they) living at a different time in history or 8.________ (walk) through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the city's Viking settlement is recreated, and people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town. Historical 9.________ (accurate) is important but so is entertainment. Museums must compete 10.________ people's spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
2022·唐山摸底 说明文 274词 ★★☆☆☆
Cecilia Chiang, whose San Francisco restaurant, the Mandarin, introduced American diners in the 1960s to the richness and variety of authentic Chinese cuisine, died on Wednesday at her home in San Francisco.
Ms. Chiang was not a chef, nor was she a likely candidate to run a restaurant. She was born near Shanghai in 1920 as the seventh daughter in a wealthy family. After her parents died, Cecilia managed the businesses' finances while still in her teens.
Ms. Chiang came to the United States from China to flee the Japanese during World War Ⅱ， traveling nearly 700 miles on foot. Once in San Francisco, she met two Chinese acquaintances who wanted to open a restaurant. Ms. Chiang agreed to put up a huge deposit (存款). But when the two women quit, Ms. Chiang found that the deposit was not refundable (可退还的). She took a deep breath and decided to open the restaurant herself. “I began to think that if I could create a restaurant with Western style service and the dishes that I was most familiar with—the delicious food of northern China—maybe my little restaurant would succeed，” she wrote in her book.
The Mandarin, which was opened in 1962 as a 65 seat restaurant, introduced customers to mainly Sichuan, Shanghai and Canton dishes. The early days were difficult. But little by little, Chinese diners, and a few Americans, came regularly. Overnight the tables filled and became a huge success.
Ms. Chiang continued to work as a restaurant consultant into her 90s. “I think I changed what average people know about Chinese food，” Mrs. Chiang wrote. “They didn't know China was such a big country.”
1．When did Ms. Chiang start to manage the businesses' finances
A．In the 1920s. B．In the 1930s.
C．In the 1950s. D．In the 1960s.
2．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．When Ms. Chiang came to the US.
B．How Ms. Chiang earned her deposit.
C．What Ms. Chiang wrote in her book.
D．Why Ms. Chiang opened her restaurant.
3．What do we learn about The Mandarin
A．It survived the early hardships.
B．It provided all kinds of Chinese dishes.
C．It could seat less than 60 people at first.
D．It attracted many Americans once opened.
4．Which of the following best describes Ms. Chiang
A．Smart and Stubborn.
B．Determined and brave.
C．Adventurous and cautious.
D．Enthusiastic and ambitious.
B
2022·三明一中月考 记叙文 341词 ★★☆☆☆
“I saw it first，” Amy said, as she ripped the old leather wallet out of Charlie's hands. Without saying a word, as if they both understood that this was a secret they didn't want to share with anyone, they slipped into the alley, where no one could see them look inside.
“There's got to be a million dollars here！” Charlie blurted out, when they saw the pile of hundred dollar bills. Amy, the more realistic of the two, did a quick estimate, thumbing through the wad of cash. “More like thousands，” she said, her voice shaking in disbelief.
They'd found the wallet in a flowerbed by the sidewalk, when Charlie dropped his cell phone while he was trying to talk and eat a slice of pepperoni pizza at the same time. Amy stuffed the wallet into her backpack and pulled Charlie along by his elbow toward her house. As they rushed toward Viceroy Avenue, they talked excitedly about what they could do with the money － buy gifts for parents and friends, get new clothes, travel to the rainforest in Costa Rica, and adopt a whale. It looked like all of their dreams would come true. For the last block, however, they didn't talk. Each began to suspect that the other one was silently adding to the list of things they could buy.
They finally reached Amy's house, but instead of going inside, they walked around the house to the back porch. They opened the wallet and counted the money into piles of ten. The total was $2400 － more money than either of them had ever seen. Then they both started talking at once. Who lost it Their moods shifted, sinking from the high of being rich for fifteen minutes to resigning themselves to what they must do next. In the wallet's clear plastic compartment, there was a driver's license. They knew what they had to do. Although they would lose their newly found treasure, in a way, they felt relieved.
5．Where did Amy and Charlie find the wallet
A．In an alley.
B．In a backpack.
C．On the sidewalk.
D．Among some flowers.
6．In paragraph 2, why was Amy's voice shaking
A．She was afraid that they would be seen by others.
B．She was disappointed there wasn't a million dollars.
C．She was fearful that Charlie would tell someone else.
D．She felt nervous because she'd never seen so much money.
7．How did the children's mood changed on their way to Amy's house
A．From happy to angry.
B．From relieved to worried.
C．From excited to skeptical.
D．From nervous to disappointed.
8．What did the children decide to do at the end of the story
A．To keep the money a secret from others.
B．To return the wallet to its rightful owner.
C．To put the wallet back where they found it.
D．To buy many different things with the money.
黄金考点
语法填空——形容词、副词
考点44 充当表语用形容词
考例 I'm ________ (surely) you'll have a good time.
点拨 am是系动词，后接形容词作表语， 故应填sure。此句是“I'm sure＋that从句”，其中that可省略。
考点45 修饰全句充当状语用副词
考例 ________ (immediate), I raised my hand.
点拨 表示“立刻”，在句中作状语，应用副词；位于句首，首字母要大写。故应填Immediately。
考点46 修饰谓语动词充当状语用副词
考例 Instead, he hopes that his business will grow ________ (steady)．
点拨 修饰谓语动词grow，表示“稳步地”，应用副词，应填steadily。注意“grow＋形容词”与“grow＋副词”是grow的两种不同用法。前者用作系动词，而后者用作实意动词。练习16　阅读理解＋读后续写
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
2022·云南昆明四模 说明文 310词 ★★☆☆☆
Highlights：
Discover the hidden halls in the Forbidden City.
Explore the only section of the Great Wall that opens at night.
Meet the Terracotta Army (兵马俑) and make a warrior figurine with your hands.
Taste ethnic minority food at the Longji Terraced (梯形的) Rice Fields.
Escape to see the most beautiful countryside on a Li River cruise.
Listen to historical stories about the Bund in Shanghai.
Tailor Your Tour：
☆Your Schedule
☆Your Interests
☆Your Hotel Tastes
From US $2，819
◇Based on 2 persons & 4－star hotels for reference
Advice for Traveling in 2020
With more attractions and tourist activities accepting foreign visitors who have the required documents (ID card, passport, green health code, etc.), travel in China is starting to resume.
We have been in the China travel industry for over 20 years and have lots of experience with handling unexpected situations. It is important to us that you feel comfortable and safe during your visit. For more tips about traveling in China, you can visit our website.
Feel free to inquire for more travel information about China or any other destination! We're here all the time.
Itinerary Details
This 11－day suggested itinerary(行程) covers not only China's Golden Triangle cities—Beijing, Xi'an, and Shanghai—but also includes a classic natural wonder, Guilin, which offers views of rural China as you will have imagined them to be.
Send us details of your preferences and our travel experts will customize this trip to suit your interests, tastes, and budget.
1．Which of the following highlights the Xi'an tour
A．The Terracotta Army.
B．The Longji Rice Fields.
C．The Hidden Halls.
D．Li River cruise.
2．Where should visitors go if they want to explore countryside life
A．Beijing. B．Xi'an.
C．Guilin. D．Shanghai.
3．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．11－Day China Classic Tours
B．China Travel Highlights
C．Travel Information about China
D．Travel Route Arrangements
B
2022·山东青岛调研 议论文 298词 ★★★☆☆
Around 45% of plastic waste is recycled annually in the UK and plastic waste is on the increase. However, one of the problems with present plastic recycling methods is that you end up with a lower－quality plastic with worse properties (特性) than the original. This means that plastic drink bottles cannot simply be recycled into new drink bottles continuously, but instead are used for other lower－grade products like park benches.
Now, British scientists have developed a new method of chemical recycling. They use lower temperatures and more environmentally friendly chemicals than previous methods to turn plastics back into their constituent chemical molecules(分子). In this way, they can be used to make new plastics of the same quality as the original.
“Most plastics are now recycled using mechanical methods, where they are transformed into liquids before being made into something new，” said a professor named Matthew Jones. “The problem is, melting plastic changes its properties and reduces the quality. Our method of chemical recycling overcomes this problem. Then plastics can be used all over again without losing any properties.”
The researchers are recycling some kinds of plastics, including plant－based PLA, a plastic used for food packaging and PET, which is used for drink bottles. So far, the technology has only been demonstrated in a small range. However, scientists are now working to produce larger quantities of chemicals.
“There is no single solution to the problem of plastic waste—the approach has to be a combination of reducing, reusing and recycling. Our method of chemical recycling could allow carbon to be recycled endlessly rather than digging more up from the ground in the form of fossil fuels, or letting it into the atmosphere as a greenhouse gas，” said Dr. Paul McKeown from the University of Bath.
4．What is the problem with the present plastic recycling
A．The quality of recycled plastics declines.
B．Plastic drink bottles cannot be recycled.
C．The amount of plastic waste is increasing.
D．Recycled lower－grade products sell badly.
5．How do scientists recycle plastic waste with the new method
A．By transforming it into fuels.
B．By heating it into the liquid state.
C．By keeping its original properties.
D．By changing its molecule structure.
6．What do we learn from what Dr. Paul McKeown said
A．Fossil fuels are endless resources.
B．The plastic waste problem has no solution.
C．Recycled carbon leads to greenhouse gases.
D．The chemical recycling is environmentally friendly.
7．In which part of the website can we find the text
A．Business.
B．Technology & Science.
C．Lifestyle.
D．Art & Culture.
Ⅱ.读后续写
[2022·江苏南京六校联合体调研]阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jim was born and raised in New York City. He was the captain of the Fire Department of New York, which was no surprise as he came from a family of firefighters. He loved serving his local community.
While on the job, Jim had suffered a sad event that left him confused about what he was supposed to do with the rest of his life. Jim lost a good man that was on his team. The grief had eaten the captain up for weeks. He couldn't seem to get himself out of the deep hole he had found himself in. Then a massive change came his way.
A young boy walked up to Jim with a special request. It was normal for Jim to have young and excited children come up to him to see the fire engine. However, he could immediately sense that this boy had something else in mind. This young boy was named Trucker. He was dressed in regular jeans and a T shirt, but he had a firefighter jacket over the T shirt. Jim found this to be absolutely adorable and it also showed him how much Trucker cared about firefighting.
Trucker explained to Jim that he loved firefighting more than anything on the planet. His mother, who was accompanying him, nodded in agreement with her son's statement. Trucker was fascinated by the Fire Department. This was common but Jim was surprised to hear Trucker's mother said he was only 5 years old and had neuroblastoma (成神经细胞瘤), a rare form of cancer that typically affects young children. There's no cure for patients like Trucker who suffer from the disease. Thus there was nothing more they could do but help him realize his dream.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
After knowing Trucker's story, Jim was curious to hear the boy's request. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Everyone was happy to see Trucker fulfilling his wish, especially Jim.
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________________________________________________________________________练习57　语法填空＋阅读理解
Ⅰ.语法填空
2021·全国甲卷 175词 ★★★★★
The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It 1.________ (build) originally to protect the city 2.________ the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). It is possible 3.________ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall.
After 4.________ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what 5.________ (good) than to ride on a piece of history!
We 6.________ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky 7.________ did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all 8.________ way around the Xi'an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and 9.________ (watchtower) to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their 10.________ (day) routines.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
2022·抚州六校联考 记叙文 248词 ★★★★☆
Nobel laureate C N． Yang and Turing Award winner Yao Qizhi have become Chinese citizens and officially joined the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) as academicians, the academy's official faculty (科) office said on Tuesday, Feb 21st 2018.
They are the first overseas scientists to relinquish their foreign citizenship to join official faculty of China's highest scientific research organization. Yang, 94, would join the mathematical physics department, while Yao, 70, would enter the information technology and science department.
“They are both internationally distinguished scholars，” the faculty office said in a press statement. “Their entry into the academy's faculty will increase the influence of China's scientific circles globally.”
Yang and his colleague Li Zhengdao received the 1957 Nobel Prize in Physics for their work on parity non conservation of weak interaction, becoming the first Chinese to win a Nobel Prize.
Yao received the Turing Award, the most famous award in computer science, in 2000 “in recognition of his fundamental contributions to the theory of computation, including the theory of pseudorandom number generation, cryptography, and communication complexity.”
In late 2017, both scientists gave up their foreign nationality and submitted their request to join the academy. The office had to carry out new procedures to accept them.
In recent years, the office is actively trying to build a “big academician family”， connecting well known scholars around the world to contribute to China's major scientific development. There are now 754 Chinese and 78 foreign scientists at the academy.
1．What does the underlined word “relinquish” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Possess. B．Abandon.
C．Demand. D．Hate.
2．What do we know about the two scholars
A．They study physics.
B．They received the Nobel Prize.
C．They were recognized as he receivers of Turing Award.
D．They should follow some entry procedures conducted by the official faculty office.
3．What does the office think of the two scholars entry into the academy's faculty
A．It will increase China's economic position globally.
B．It will inspire more people to go for the Nobel Prize.
C．It will improve the global influence of China's scientific circles.
D．It will make the science departments in China more harmonious.
4．What's the main purpose of the fifth paragraph
A．To tell us Yao's great achievements.
B．To explain why Yao will join the office.
C．To show how strong China's academy team is.
D．To compare Yang with Yao in terms of science.
B
2022·郑州质量预测 说明文 365词 ★★★★☆
Imagine you're standing in line to buy a snack at a store. You step up to the counter and the cashier scans your food. Next, you have to pay. But instead of scanning a QR Code (二维码) with your smart phone, you just hold out your hand so the cashier can scan your fingerprint. Or, a camera scans your face, your eyes or even your ear.
Now, this type of technology might not be far away. As technology companies move away from the traditional password, biometric (生物特征识别的) security, which includes fingerprint, face and voice ID, is becoming increasingly popular.
In 2013, Apple introduced the iPhone 5s, one of the first smart phones with a fingerprint scanner. Since then, using one's fingerprint to unlock a phone and make mobile payments has become a commonplace, bringing convenience to our lives. And since 2016, Samsung has featured eye scanning technology in its top smart phones, while Apple's new iphone X can even scan a user's face. But despite its popularity, experts warn that biometrics might not be as secure as we imagine. “Biometrics is ideally good in practice, not so much，” said John Michener, a biometrics expert.
When introducing the new iPhone's face ID feature, Phil Schiller, Apple's senior vice president, said. “The chance that a random person in the population could look at your iPhones X and unlock it with their face is about one in a million.” But it's already been done. In a video posted on a community website Reddit, two brothers showed how they were each able to unlock the same iPhone X using their own face. And they aren't even twins.
“We may expect too much from biometrics，” Anil Jain, a computer science professor at Michigan State University, told CBS News. “No security systems are perfect.”
Earlier last year, Jain found a way to trick biometric security. Using a printed copy of a thumbprint, she was able to unlock a dead person's smart phone for the police, according to a tech website Splinter. “It's good to see biometrics being used more，” Jain told CBS News, “because it adds another factor for security. But using multiple security measures is the best defense.”
5．Which is the latest identification technology in a smart phone according to the passage
A．Face scanning.
B．Eye scanning.
C．QR Code scanning.
D．Fingerprint scanning.
6．What is a major problem of the iPhone X's face ID system
A．It takes too long to unlock the phone.
B．It often fails to recognize its owner's face.
C．Face data can be used for other purposes.
D．Different faces can be used to unlock the same phone.
7．What is Anil Jain's opinion about biometric security
A．It is as secure as traditional measures.
B．It is perfect without much improvement.
C．It has caused much trouble for the police.
D．It should be used with other security measures.
8．What does the author intend to tell us in this passage
A．The popularity of biometrics.
B．Security problems of biometrics.
C．Various problems with biometrics.
D．Great changes caused by biometrics.练习14　七选五＋完形填空＋应用文写作
Ⅰ.七选五
2020·全国卷Ⅱ 说明文 240词 ★★☆☆☆
Emoji (表情符号) and Workplace Communication
In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play. __1__. It's been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.
Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear. __2__， encouraging better and more frequent communication.
In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge. __3__. While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve (曲线). The good news is that it's simple to learn and can be worth the effort.
There is also the matter of tone (语气). Who hasn't received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day __4__. Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile.
__5__， and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. And when your employees begin adding smiling emojis to their business communication, you'll know you have succeeded in improving your work culture.
A．Messages with emojis feel more conversational
B．Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly
C．Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange
D．The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally
E．Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly
F．Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace
G．An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform
Ⅱ.完形填空
2022·济南质量评估 记叙文 230词 ★★☆☆☆
Brandon Hau pulled up to the busy crossing for the railway trains. When the signals flashed __1__ and the gates came down. As he looked ahead, he saw an elderly man on a three wheel bike, __2__ by a large dog, making his way toward the tracks. Suddenly, something scared the dog, which leaned forward, pulling the man onto the __3__.
The train was fast __4__. Something clicking in his head, Hau __5__ over to the man and shouted “hang on”．
The old man, Floyd Freiberg, lost both his legs to a rare muscle disease, but he __6__ exercising daily on the bike with the dog, his traveling partner. As he came rolling up to the tracks, he thought he could probably __7__ the train. But the unexpected happened. The front wheel of the bike was __8__ on the rails and the train was almost on top of him.
“I was __9__ to get off. Then I heard this voice，” Freiberg said.
With just seconds left, Hau lifted the bike with Freiberg on it, and then dragged it to __10__.The train came to an emergency stop. Freiberg and Hau hugged each other after their near miss.
A week later, Freiberg stopped by Hau's house to __11__ him again for what he'd done. “It's amazing what __12__ through my mind as I saw the engine coming，” Hau said. “But I never once thought about the __13__ that I was going to die.”
Hau's mother says it's __14__ of Hau to reach out to someone in need—a quality he learned from his father. Hau follows his dad's __15__ by working hard and helping others.
1．A.dark B．green
C．yellow D．red
2．A.accompanied B．attacked
C．carried D．controlled
3．A.trains B．tracks
C．stations D．crossings
4．A.approaching B．leaving
C．disappearing D．stopping
5．A.walked B．turned
C．rushed D．drove
6．A.depends on B．cares about
C．picks up D．sticks to
7．A.beat B．block
C．prevent D．delay
8．A.destroyed B．stuck
C．spotted D．interrupted
9．A.struggling B．planning
C．demanding D．waiting
10．A.shelter B．relaxation
C．reality D．safety
11．A.interview B．reward
C．congratulate D．thank
12．A.faded B．wandered
C．flashed D．escaped
13．A.experience B．lesson
C．fact D．promise
14．A.typical B．reliable
C．crazy D．generous
15．A.dream B．example
C．advice D．decision
Ⅲ.应用文写作
[2022·济南市高三模拟]假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Frank想学习太极。最近恰巧你校在网上直播太极课程，请给他写一封电子邮件邀请他加入，内容包括：
1．发出邀请；
2．介绍课程(上课方式、时间及授课人等)；
3．期待相见。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
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黄金考点
语法填空——非谓语动词
考点23 作目的状语一定用to do
考例 The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice ________(improve) water quality.
点拨 根据句意可知，应用动词不定式to improve作状语，表示目的。
考点24 非谓语动词用于固定用法
考例 But unlike her school friends, 16 year old Sarah is not spending half term ________ (rest)．
点拨 spend... doing sth.“花……时间做某事”，为固定用法，故填resting。练习27　语法填空＋阅读理解
Ⅰ.语法填空
2022·湖北武汉模拟 说明文 215词 ★★★☆☆
As the Olympic Games concluded in Tokyo, the host city for the next Olympics, Paris, has already started 1.________ (it) celebration.
During the closing ceremony on Sunday, Paris Mayor Anne Hidalgo received and waved an Olympic flag in the Tokyo Olympic Stadium, which is 2.________ traditional pass. But the celebration then had a few differences to 3.________ the handover is usually done.
The French national anthem was played by the National Orchestra of France in a 4.________ (film) video and 5.________ (late) on, a live broadcast took viewers straight into the handover celebration in the streets of Paris. The Paris 2024 Olympic flag was unfurled (展开) on the Eiffel Tower, which organizers said set a world record as the 6.________ (large) flag ever flown. Visuals (画面) presented at the event also showed what the Paris games may look like after two years. Organizers are planning to put most 7.________ (compete) in the center of the city, 8.________ the opening ceremony planned to take place along the Seine River in the middle of Paris, rather than in a stadium.
French President Emmanuel Macron delivered short remarks, 9.________ (say) the updated Olympic motto: “Faster, Higher, Stronger, Together.” On stage near the Eiffel Tower 10.________ (be) French Olympic athletes who had returned from the Tokyo games.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
2022·江苏期中联考 议论文 346词 ★★★☆☆
It may be the holiday season, but the spirit of peace and good will has not infected the streets of Los Angeles. More drivers seem to be rolling through stop signs and running red lights than ever before. Everyone seems to be in a terrible hurry.
Why is everyone in such a hurry Where are they rushing to
I think perhaps the answer lies in answering this question: What does the round of parties and meetings and mad rushing from place to place allow all of us to avoid confronting I think the answer is clear—ourselves.
There is an experiment where subjects had to choose between being alone with themselves and their thoughts for approximately 15 minutes and receiving electric shocks. The majority chose the shocks—a reflection of pain, fear, threat, confusion, boredom, you name it.
Our desire not to be with our innermost thoughts is so great that we create and find distractions. In the car, we will make phone calls or listen to music. We live in a world of endless opportunities for distraction.
I understand the desire. Life is hard. Growing is a painful and slow process. To keep moving requires determination and strength—and giving up seems so much easier. We may win some battles, but the war is never over. Sometimes we are just too tired to fight and just need music or books to relax. I just instinctively (本能地) turn on the radio when I get in the car; I don't even give the quiet a moment to sink in.
But it's time for a reality check; otherwise we will slip into avoidance mode. It's challenging, but let's make a change. Instead of rushing from the house to the car, to meetings, or to groceries, let's take a moment to stop and think before each activity. What do I want to achieve now And what is the best way to do that Maybe I could think of ways to grow.
1．Why does the author mention drivers on the streets of Los Angeles
A．To describe a strong holiday atmosphere.
B．To present a unique social situation in America.
C．To raise his question on why people are in a rush.
D．To show that it's time to improve road safety in America.
2．Why did the majority of subjects choose electric shocks
A．They found the innermost thoughts great.
B．They enjoyed being alone with themselves.
C．They refused painful and threatening distractions.
D．They wanted to find opportunities for distraction.
3．What does the author think of the people who chose the shocks in the experiment
A．They should be more courageous.
B．Their attitude to life was unexpected.
C．Their behavior was understandable.
D．They should refuse to take part in the experiment.
4．What's the best title for the text
A．Fighting Distractions
B．Being With Ourselves
C．Reviewing Our Mistakes
D．Rushing From Place to Place
B
2022·日照一中质检 议论文 365词 ★★★☆☆
Does Fame Drive You Crazy
Although being famous might sound like a dream come true, today's stars, feeling like zoo animals, face pressures that few of us can imagine. They are at the center of much of the world's attention. Paparazzi (狗仔队) camp outside their homes, cameras ready. Tabloids (小报) publish thrilling stories about their personal lives. Just imagine not being able to do anything without being photographed or interrupted for a signature.
According to psychologist Christina Villareal, celebrities—famous people—worry constantly about their public appearance. Eventually, they star t to lose track of who they really are, seeing themselves the way their fans imagine them, not as the people they were before everyone knew their names. “Over time，” Villareal says, “they feel separated and alone.”
The phenomenon of tracking celebrities has been around for ages. In the 4th century B．C., painters followed Alexander the Great into battle, hoping to picture his victories for his admirers. When Charles Dickens visited America in the 19th century, his sold out readings attracted thousands of fans, leading him to complain about his lack of privacy. Tabloids of the 1920s and 1930s ran articles about film stars in much the same way that modern tabloids and websites do.
Being a public figure today, however, is a lot more difficult than it used to be. Superstars cannot move about without worrying about photographers with modern cameras. When they say something silly or do something ridiculous, there is always the Internet to spread the news in minutes and keep their “story” alive forever.
If fame is so troublesome, why aren't all celebrities running away from it The answer is that there are still ways to deal with it. Some stars stay calm by surrounding themselves with trusted friends and family or by escaping to remote places away from big cities. They focus not on how famous they are but on what they love to do or whatever made them famous in the first place.
Sometimes a few celebrities can get a little justice. Still, even stars who enjoy full justice often complain about how hard their lives are. They are tired of being famous already.
5．It can be learned from the passage that stars today ________．
A．are often misunderstood by the public
B．can no longer have their privacy protected
C．spend too much on their public appearance
D．care little about how they have come into fame
6．What is the main idea of Paragraph 3
A．Great heroes of the past were generally admired.
B．The problem faced by celebrities has a long history.
C．Well known actors are usually targets of tabloids.
D．Works of popular writers often have a lot of readers.
7．What makes it much harder to be a celebrity today
A．Availability of modern media.
B．Inadequate social recognition.
C．Lack of favorable chances.
D．Huge population of fans.
8．What is the author's attitude toward modern celebrity
A．Sincere. B．Skeptical.
C．Disapproving. D．Sympathetic.练习1　单句语法填空＋阅读理解
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(冠词)
1．答案与解析：a　句意为：据说防火墙在保护公司和人们的安全方面发挥着关键作用。play a(n)．..role为固定短语，意为“起……的作用”，且critical的发音以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。
2．答案与解析：a　句意为：在纳什维尔的小门罗·卡雷尔儿童医院里，一匹长着白鼻子的小黑马跑进了病房。根据常识和设空后的单数可数名词nose可知，此处指一个鼻子，应用不定冠词；且white的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
3．答案与解析：a　句意为：这样，孩子们就可以在重塑城市景观的加速的城市化进程中更好地了解他们当地的特色和习俗。固定短语have a better understanding of sth.意为“对某物有一个更好的了解”，故填a。
4．答案与解析：a　蒙特利尔是魁北克省的一个港口城市，是加拿大第二大城市。此处a port city是Montreal的同位语，表泛指，故填a。
5．答案与解析：the　in the long run“从长远来看”，是固定搭配，故填the。
6．答案与解析：the; a　这正是我们要找的那个人，一个对德语知识掌握得很好的人。person被very和定语从句修饰，故第一空应用定冠词the，表特指；knowledge意为“知识”，一般用作不可数名词，但当指“某一门知识，某一门学问”时，抽象名词具体化，用作可数名词，故第二空用不定冠词a。
7．答案与解析：a; the　第一空，pleasure本为不可数名词，此处是抽象名词具体化，表示“令人高兴的一件事”，故用不定冠词表泛指；第二空，whole常与the搭配，故用定冠词。
8．答案与解析：the　on the increase/decrease是固定搭配，表示“增长/减少”，故用定冠词the。
9．答案与解析：a; the　第一空，此处表示“一种必需品”，因此necessity前加a；第二空，make the most of表示“充分利用”，为固定搭配。
10．答案与解析：The; the　你买的蛋糕闻起来很香，但我暂时不想吃。第一空，cake被定语从句you bought所修饰，因此其前加定冠词the表特指。第二空，for the time being“暂时”，为固定用法。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法。
1．答案与解析：C　推理判断题。根据文章标题“Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature (文学概论课程评分办法)”和Essays (60%)部分“Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course (你的四篇主要文章将构成本课程评分的主要部分)”可知，文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法，可得出本文是出自一个课程计划。故选C项。
2．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据黑体小标题“Essays (60%)”、“Group Assignments (30%)”和“Daily Work/In—Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework (10%)”可知，学生的最终成绩由3部分组成。故选B项。
3．答案与解析：A　推理判断题。根据“Late Work”部分“If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero. (如果没有在截止日期后的第4天上交，将会得到零分)”可知，如果在截止日期后一周才交文章，你将会得零分。故选A项。
B
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了西蒙·范德普尔把理发和阅读结合起来，创办“图书和理发店”项目，从而给孩子们带来一个富有成效的假期。
4．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的however, that vacation means students will likely fall behind, and forget things they learned during the year可知，孩子们在假期可能会忘掉所学的东西，学习退步，所以西蒙·范德普尔创办“图书和理发店”项目是要给孩子们带来一个富有成效的假期，故B项正确。
5．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Vanderpool says barber shops are places where kids can feel comfortable. ‘Once a student feels comfortable, that's whenever the brain opens up, and that they are able to start focusing on nothing but learning.’”可知，理发店是孩子们感到舒适的地方，一旦他们感到舒适，他们就可以开始专注于学习。由此可知，理发店放松的环境使它适合“图书和理发店”这个项目，故C项正确。
6．答案与解析：A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Amir Shalash owns a barber shop. But he is doing more than cutting children's hair. He is listening to them，and helping them with their reading.”可知，阿米尔·沙拉氏拥有这样的一家理发店，但他所做的不仅仅是给孩子们剪头发，他在倾听他们并帮助他们阅读。由此可知，阿米尔·沙拉氏参加这个项目的目的是给孩子提供有价值的指导，故A项正确。
7．答案与解析：D　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述的是西蒙·范德普尔把理发和阅读结合起来，创办“图书和理发店”项目，从而给孩子们带来一个富有成效的假期，故D项(理发如何帮助学生阅读)最适合作本文标题。
练习2　单句语法填空＋七选五＋完形填空
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(介词)
1．答案与解析：to　句意为：在这里你将身处世界上最偏远的地方之一，但仍有机会洗热水澡和享用精心准备的饭菜。have access to...为固定短语，意为“有机会使用……”。故填to。
2．答案与解析：of　句意为：幸福是建立在你内心感受的基础上的。on the basis of...为固定短语，意为“在……的基础上”，故填of。
3．答案与解析：for　句意为：警方认为该地区其他三宗谋杀案也是此人所为。be responsible for...为固定搭配，意为“对……有责任”。故填for。
4．答案与解析：on　句意为：当探险者们第一次踏上北美大陆时，天空和陆地上到处都是各种各样令人吃惊的野生动物。根据空后的the continent可知，此处表示“在大陆上”，应用介词on。set foot on意为“进入；到达”。故填on。
5．答案与解析：by　他们相信他们仅仅通过点击一个按钮就能实现任何事情。表示“通过做某事”用介词by。
6．答案与解析：on　从长远来看，在线教育不仅让学生和他们的雇主受益，还对经济有影响。此处表示“对……的影响”，应用介词on。the effect on sth.意为“对某事的影响”，故填on。
7．答案与解析：for　询问我们的意图的那位绅士留下了他的信用卡号码以支付我们的订单，然后走开了。pay for为固定搭配，意为“为……付款”，故填for。
8．答案与解析：on　我知道她的高标准已经帮助了我专注于重要的事情。focus on为固定搭配，意为“集中于；关注”，故填on。
9．答案与解析：into　为了取得巨大的成功，科学家必须作好深陷困境的准备。get into trouble为固定搭配，意为“陷入困境”，故填into。
10．答案与解析：from　不幸的是，在他二十多岁的时候，他患上了一种无法治愈的疾病，这对他来说是一个巨大的挑战。suffer from为固定搭配，意为“患……病；受……之苦”，故填from。
Ⅱ.七选五
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何找到一个一起锻炼的伙伴。
1．答案与解析：C　根据前文“Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled ‘Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.’ One reason was: ‘You'll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym，’(《健身杂志》最近刊登了一篇题为《感谢健身伙伴的五个理由》的文章。一个理由是：‘如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就会去锻炼。’)”可知，这里陈述另一个和别人一起锻炼的理由。所以选项C“You'll work harder if you train with someone else.(如果你和别人一起训练，你会更努力。)”符合上下文语境。故选C。
2．答案与解析：D　根据前文“First of all, decide what you want from that person. (首先，决定你想从那个人身上得到什么。)”和后文“Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility？(或者你只是想要身体健康，能够移动的力量和灵活性？)”可知，这里是一个问句，反问自己结伴锻炼的目的。所以选项D“Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport (你想在你最喜欢的运动项目上成为更好的运动员吗？)”符合上下文语境。故选D。
3．答案与解析：B　根据前文“You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won't result in a useful response. (你可能会考虑在社交媒体上发布你想要的东西，但可能不会得到有用的回应。)”和后文“If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.(如果你打算在健身房锻炼，那个人一定是同一个健身房的。)”可知，寻找的锻炼伙伴要具有便利性的特点。所以选项B“A workout partner usually needs to live close by. (锻炼伙伴通常需要住在附近。)”符合上下文语境。故选B。
4．答案与解析：G　根据前文“My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. (我的搭档把她的要求贴在了当地公园的布告栏上。她的注意事项包括她想要做什么样的锻炼，每周多少天，每次培训要花多少小时，以及她的年龄。它还列出了她最喜欢的运动和活动，并提供了她的电话号码。)”可知，本段作者以自己的锻炼伙伴为例，说明寻找锻炼伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以选项G“Any notice for a training partner should include such information. (任何锻炼伙伴的布告都应包括这些信息。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。
5．答案与解析：F　根据前文“You and your partner will probably have different skills. (你和你的伴侣可能有不同的技能。)”和后文“Over time, both of you will benefit—your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit.(久而久之，你们双方都会受益——你的伴侣会举起更多的重量，你也会变得更健康。)”可知，要学会求同存异，一起合作，共同提高。所以选项F“Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other. (接受你们的不同，学会彼此合作。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。
Ⅲ.完形填空
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和家人在旅行过程中经历过的趣事与冒险，并且作者和家人都十分期待即将经历的冒险。
1．答案与解析：C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的一些记忆很有趣，尤其是在早些年我们的孩子很小的时候。A. ideas想法；B. jokes笑话；C. memories记忆；D. discoveries发现。根据上文“have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years”以及下文“especially from the early years when our children were little”可推知，此处指作者认为自己与家人一起冒险的一些记忆是有趣的。故选C。
2．答案与解析：A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我们沿着白垩溪露营。A. camped露营；B. drove开车；C. walked散步；D. cycled骑自行车。根据上文“My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.”可知，此处指作者与家人一起在溪边露营。故选A。
3．答案与解析：D　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我担心我们15个月大的孩子会掉进小溪里。A. annoyed恼怒的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. disappointed失望的；D. worried担心的。根据下文“I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.”可推知，此处指作者担心自己的孩子会掉进小溪里，所以才在他的腰上系了一根绳子。故选D。
4．答案与解析：C　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很不舒服，他的哭声让整个营地都知道了这一点。A. unhurt未受伤的；B. unfortunate不幸的；C. uncomfortable不舒服的；D. unafraid无所畏惧的。根据上文“I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.”以及下文“his crying let the whole campground know it”可推知，此处指孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服，所以才会哭。故选C。
5．答案与解析：B　考查介词短语辨析。句意：所以我没有把他绑起来，而是密切关注着他。A. due to由于；B. instead of代替、而不是；C. apart from除了；D. as for至于。根据上文“He was uncomfortable, and his crying let the whole campground know it.”以及下文“I just kept a close eye on him”可推知，此处指孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服，所以作者放弃在他身上绑绳子，而是密切关注着他。故选B。
6．答案与解析：A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：它起作用了，他最终没有掉进小溪里。A. worked起作用；B. happened发生；C. mattered事关紧要；D. changed改变。根据下文“he didn't end up in the creek.”可推知，此处指作者的密切关注起作用了，孩子没有掉进小溪里。故选A。
7．答案与解析：D　考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平静的晨间旅行。A. signed up注册、报名；B. calmed down冷静下来；C. checked out退房、结账离开；D. headed off启程、出发。根据上文“The sky was clear”以及下文“but storms move in fast in the mountains”可推知，此处指天气突然变化，出发时还天气晴朗。故选D。
8．答案与解析：B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平静的晨间旅行。A. arranged安排；B. interrupted中断；C. completed完成；D. recorded记录。根据上文“storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly”以及下文“our peaceful morning trip”可推知，此处指风暴来临，作者的旅行被迫中断了。故选B。
9．答案与解析：A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：狂风大作，雷声隆隆。A. wind风；B. noise噪音；C. temperature温度；D. speed速度。根据上文“storms move in fast in the mountains”可推知，此处指大风刮了起来。故选A。
10．答案与解析：C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫停止钓鱼来启动马达。A. find找到；B. hide隐藏；C. start启动；D. fix修理。根据下文“Nothing. He tried again.”以及“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可推知，此处指作者的丈夫尝试将船启动。故选C。
11．答案与解析：A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有好运。A. luck好运；B. answer回答；C. wonder惊奇；D. signal信号。根据下文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可推知，此处指作者的丈夫再次尝试启动，也没有获得好运，船依然无法启动。故选A。
12．答案与解析：D　考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我们无助地坐在那里时，一个渔夫停了下来，扔给我们一根绳子并把我们拖了回来。A. patiently耐心地；B. tirelessly不知疲倦地；C. doubtfully怀疑地；D. helplessly无助地。根据上文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可推知，此处指在天气恶劣的情况下船无法启动了，作者与家人十分无助地坐着。故选D。
13．答案与解析：C　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们安全了。A. sorry抱歉的；B. brave勇敢的；C. safe安全的；D. right正确的。根据上文“a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed us back”可推知，此处指得到了渔夫的帮助，作者和家人安全了。故选C。
14．答案与解析：D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充满兴奋，想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A. relief救济；B. duty职责；C. pride自豪；D. excitement兴奋。结合语境，再根据下文“wondering what camping fun”可推知，此处指作者期待接下来的露营，充满兴奋。故选D。
15．答案与解析：B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充满兴奋，想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A. failure失败；B. adventure冒险；C. performance表现；D. conflict冲突。根据上文“Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of excitement, wondering what camping fun and”以及下文“we will experience next”可推知，此处指作者与家人十分期待即将经历的冒险。故选B。
练习3　单句语法填空＋阅读理解
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(并列连词和名词性从句)
1．答案与解析：and　句意为：在任何不安全的情况下，只要按下按钮，我们酒店的一名训练有素的员工就会为您提供您需要的帮助。“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”句型中，如果祈使句表示的条件句是肯定句，应使用连词and；如果祈使句表示的条件句是否定句，应使用连词or。根据句意可知，此处的祈使句表示肯定。故填and。
2．答案与解析：but/yet　句意为：我并不了解所有的传统习俗，但有一些习俗给我留下了深刻的印象。分析句子结构可知，空处前后是两个并列句，所以空处应用并列连词，根据句意可知，前后两个分句之间为转折关系，应用表示转折关系的连词but/yet，故填but/yet。
3．答案与解析：that　句意为：她说：“真是出乎我的意料，我们这里居然有送货服务。”分析句子结构可知， It为形式主语，设空处引导的主语从句为真正主语，空处在从句中无实际意义且不充当成分，应用that。故填that。
4．答案与解析：Either; or　要么你来我这里，要么我去你那里，一切听你的。 either... or...“要么……要么……”，符合句意。
5．答案与解析：neither；nor　我们本该受到热烈的欢迎，但是主人既不友好也不热情。 neither... nor... 表示“既不……也不……”，符合句意。
6．答案与解析：how/why　设空处引导表语从句，根据句子结构及语境可知，从句中缺少方式状语或原因状语，故用how或why引导。
7．答案与解析：that　我应该有的另一个重要的品质是一种温和的个性，这意味着我应该是友好的，并且永远不能对人不礼貌。which means后为两个并列的宾语从句，and后为第二个宾语从句，从句不缺少成分，应用that连接。因and连接两个宾语从句，第二个that不可省略。故填that。
8．答案与解析：what　句意为：你不知道那样一封信对我来说意味着什么。动词know后为宾语从句。从句中means后缺少宾语，故填what。
9．答案与解析：what　随着时间的流逝，在我们生活中那些曾经看起来很重要的东西现在已经不那么重要了。设空处引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，指事物，故填what。
10．答案与解析：whether　我太匆忙了以至于没有注意到牛奶是否是热的。to为介词，后面句子为宾语从句，与or not连用的连接词为whether，表示“是否”。故填whether。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Cardiff当地的一些剧院和娱乐场所。
1．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据文章“St David's Hall”部分中的“St David's Hall is home to the annual Welsh Proms Cardiff (St David's Hall是Cardiff一年一度的Welsh Proms的举办地)”可知，Cardiff的Welsh Proms活动在St David's Hall举办。故选D。
2．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据文章“The Glee Club”部分中的“If you are looking for the best comedies on tour and brilliant live music, you should start here (如果你正在寻找巡演中最好的喜剧和精彩的现场音乐，你应该从这里开始)”可知，人们可以在The Glee Club享受喜剧。故选B。
3．答案与解析：A　细节理解题。根据文章“New Theatre”部分中的“The New Theatre has been the home of quality drama, musicals, dance and children's shows for more than 100 years. (100多年来，New Theatre一直是优质戏剧、音乐剧、舞蹈和儿童节目的发源地)”以及其下面的网站“www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk”可知，可以在www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk网站找到Cardiff存在最久的剧院。故选A。
B
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我们日常生活中的食物浪费现象以及华盛顿DC中央厨房的首席执行官科廷为解决食物浪费而采取的努力。
4．答案与解析：B　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Like most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste.(像我们大多数人一样，我努力关注那些被浪费的食物)”及“But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; I could have made six salads with what I threw out.(但随着时间的推移，芝麻菜变坏了。更糟糕的是，我不假思索地买了太多东西；我扔掉的东西可以做六份沙拉)”可推知，作者想通过讲述芝麻菜的故事来表明我们有时会无意间浪费食物。故选B。
5．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据第三段“Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other resources used to grow it. That makes food waste an environmental problem. In fact, Royte writes, ‘if food waste were a country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.’(生产没人吃的食物会浪费用于种植食物的水、燃料和其他资源。这使得食物浪费成为一个环境问题。事实上，罗伊特写道，‘如果食物浪费是一个国家，它将是世界上第三大温室气体排放国。’)”可知，根据文中的说法，浪费食物的一个后果是对环境的危害。故选B。
6．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington, D．C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered more than 807，500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的) produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields. And the strawberries Volunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road.(科廷是华盛顿DC中央厨房的首席执行官，该公司把食物复原，变成健康的食物。去年，该组织通过接受捐赠和收集有瑕疵的农产品，收回了超过807 500磅的食物，否则这些农产品就会在地里腐烂。草莓呢？志愿者们将清洗、切割、冷冻或干燥它们，以便在路上的餐食中使用)”可知，科廷的公司用人们不想要的食物重新制作食物。故选D。
7．答案与解析：A　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“‘Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won't eat，’ Curtin says.(‘每个人都可以在减少浪费方面发挥作用，无论是在每周的购物中不购买不必要的食物，还是要求餐馆不包括你不吃的配菜，’科廷说)”可知，科廷建议人们只买需要的东西来避免浪费食物。故选A。
练习4　单句语法填空＋阅读理解
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(定语从句和状语从句)
1．答案与解析：when　句意为：会议将被推迟到下周，那时我们的大部分客户就已从国外回来了。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为a time，关系词在从句中作时间状语，所以应用关系副词when。故填when。
2．答案与解析：why; that　句意为：他上班迟到的原因是今天早晨晚了一分钟，错过了公共汽车。第一空应用关系副词why引导定语从句，修饰先行词reason，第二空应用that引导表语从句。故填why; that。
3．答案与解析：where　句意为：它其中的一条跑道总长4 000米，宽75米，是国际航空业中等级最高的4F跑道，像空客A380这样的大型民用飞机，可以在这里起飞和降落。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是runway，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，故填where。
4．答案与解析：which　分析句子可知，________ was fairly often是个非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的整个句子，系动词was前缺少主语，故填which。
5．答案与解析：as　分析句子可知，定语从句中，动词praise后缺少宾语，且先行词 a kind and helpful person前有such修饰，故用as来引导该定语从句。
6．答案与解析：which/that　分析句子结构可知，动词短语take care of后缺少宾语，且先行词为the place，故用which或that来引导该定语从句。
7．答案与解析：when　分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句修饰先行词a period，且在从句中作时间状语，故用when。就我而言，青春是我们应该努力学习并且让我们自己为未来做好充分准备的时期。
8．答案与解析：as/though　分析句子结构可知，as/though在此引导用了倒装形式的让步状语从句，表示“尽管”。
9．答案与解析：before　那对年轻的夫妇归还了我丢失的钱包，在我还没有问他们的名字之前他们就离开了。根据句子的意思，空处表示“在……之前”，故填before。
10．答案与解析：that　分析句子结构可知，此处为such... that...“如此……以至于……”引导的结果状语从句，故填that。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了旨在减少孤独，改善老年人的健康状况的项目。
1．答案与解析：D　推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The project was dreamed up by a local charity (慈善组织) to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people's wellbeing (该项目由当地一家慈善机构构想，旨在减少孤独，改善老年人的健康状况)”可知，这个项目的目的是为了提高老年人的幸福。故选D。
2．答案与解析：B　推理判断题。根据文章第五段“‘It's good to have a different focus. People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them. I'm enjoying the creative activities, and it feels great to have done something useful.’ (有不同的关注点很好。人们把自己的孩子带进来看母鸡，居民们也来外面坐着看它们。我喜欢创造性的活动，做一些有用的事情的感觉很好)”可推知，Ruth Xavier通过该项目获得了一种成就感。故选B。
3．答案与解析：C　词义猜测题。根据文章倒数第二段“‘Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.’ (居民们非常欢迎该项目的想法和创意会议。我们期待这个项目能给这里的人们带来好处和乐趣)”以及划线处前的“one of the first (第一批人之一)”可知Wendy Wilson是着手这项工程的人之一，划线处的含义与C项：“Begin (开始)”含义相近。故选C。
4．答案与解析：A　推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“‘Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.’ (居民们非常欢迎该项目的想法和创意会议。我们期待这个项目能给这里的人们带来好处和乐趣)”以及最后一段“Lynn Lewis, director of Notting Hill Pathways, said: ‘We are happy to be taking part in the project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.’ (诺丁山路径的负责人林恩·刘易斯说：‘我们很高兴能参与这个项目。它将通过共同的兴趣和创造性活动真正帮助我们的居民联系起来’)”可知，该项目的反响很好。故选A。
B
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种会识别形状的凤头鹦鹉。
5．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. (虽然人们不知道这些鸟在野外会使用工具，但事实证明，它们在关在笼子里时就能熟练地使用工具)”以及“the birds were given five differently shaped “keys” to choose from. Inserting the correct “keys” would let out the nut. (研究人员给了这些鸟5把形状各异的“钥匙”供它们选择。插入正确的“钥匙”会让坚果出来)”可知，在实验中，凤头鹦鹉是通过使用工具从盒子里取出坚果的。故选B。
6．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age (在人类身上，婴儿从一岁左右就可以把一个圆形的物品放进一个圆形的洞里)”结合选项，可知，一岁儿童最有可能完成“将一个球放进一个圆形的洞里”的任务。故选C。
7．答案与解析：D　推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues, or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections. (根据研究人员的说法，下一步是尝试弄清楚凤头鹦鹉是完全依靠视觉线索，还是也使用触觉来选择它们的形状)”可推知，后续测试的目的是了解凤头鹦鹉在测试中是否使用触觉。故选D。
8．答案与解析：D　主旨大意题。通读全文，再结合文章第一段“Goffin's cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape recognition abilities to a human two year old. (科芬的凤头鹦鹉是一种原产于大洋洲的小鹦鹉，它的形状识别能力与两岁的人类相似)”可推知，本文主要介绍了会识别形状的凤头鹦鹉。D项“Cockatoos: Skilful Shape Sorters (凤头鹦鹉：识别形状的熟练工)”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选D。
练习5　单句语法填空＋七选五＋完形填空
Ⅰ.单句语法填空 (谓语动词Ⅰ)
1．答案与解析：won't stand　句意为：如果你只是在争论和讨论中表示赞同，你就不会脱颖而出。条件状语从句中如果使用一般现在时，主句中应该使用一般将来时。根据语境可知，此处表示否定含义。故填won't stand。
2．答案与解析：is shortened　句意为：谚语“英雄所见略同，但愚者甚少存异”通常被简化为“英雄所见略同”。分析句子成分可知，设空处作谓语，表示前者被简化为后者，且句子描述客观事实，因此用一般现在时的被动语态。主语the proverb是单数，故填is shortened。
3．答案与解析：said　句意为：“中国人民对俄罗斯人民了解得越多，且俄罗斯人民对中国人民了解得越多，我们的关系就会越牢固。”俄罗斯前总统德米特里·梅德韦杰夫在2010年说。根据时间状语in 2010可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填said。
4．答案与解析：is/was reported　句意为：据报道，在2019年，有超过60 000人参观过该地。固定句型It is/was reported that...表示“据报道……”；由空后的saw可知，句子可使用一般过去时；也可使用一般现在时，表示对客观情况的描述。故填is/was reported。
5．答案与解析：has changed　句意为：此外，睡眠时间近15年来已经发生了很大的变化。由时间状语over the past 15 years可知，“变化”已经发生，且表示对现在造成的影响。故用现在完成时。
6．答案与解析：has grown　迄今为止，在日常活动中使用手机支付已经成为中国人的一种生活方式的选择。由时间状语so far 可知，“成为中国人的一种生活方式的选择”是一个已经发生并且对现在造成影响的行为，故用现在完成时。
7．答案与解析：were　在我得到那个特殊的塑料卡之前有几个步骤。本句为there be句型，be动词后的名词为several steps，所以be动词应用复数形式，结合before引导的从句用一般过去时可知，此处的be动词用were。
8．答案与解析：was　以前，空间实验设备是通过货运飞船天舟一号运送的。句子的主语equipment是不可数名词，谓语动词应用单数形式，结合时间状语previously可知，句中叙述的是过去发生的动作，故填was。
9．答案与解析：referred　Tom本可以独自完成所有的工作的，但他向老师寻求了帮助。could have done表示“过去本可以做却没做”，因此空处是发生过去的动作，需用一般过去时。
10．答案与解析：is found　在if，unless引导的条件状语从句中，条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”的原则，即如果主句是一般将来时，从句需用一般现在时替代一般将来时；又因money与find之间是动宾关系，故空处需用一般现在时的被动语态。
Ⅱ.七选五
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些外出就餐时要注意的一些重要礼节，并强调不同的国家有不同的就餐礼节。
1．答案与解析：D　根据文章标题“Important Things to Know When Dining Out (外出就餐时要知道的重要事情)”可知，本文主要介绍的是外出就餐时应该知道的重要事情。由此可知，D项“Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant (不要在餐馆犯尴尬的错误)”符合语境，其中“at a restaurant”对应标题中的“When Dining Out”，同时引起下文“Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world. (知道一些技巧将有助于确保你和朋友或家人一起享受一顿愉快的晚餐——无论你在世界的哪个地方)”。故选D。
2．答案与解析：F　根据本段小标题“Chopstick Rules”可知，本段主要讲述的是使用筷子的规则。根据上文“When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. (当你在吃的间隙把它们放下来的时候，一定要把它们放在一起，这样它们就和你面前的桌子边缘平行了)”可知，此处讲述了正确使用筷子的方式。由此可知，F项“Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them (不要把它们笔直地插在你的食物中，也不要在使用它们时交叉放置)”讲述的也是使用筷子时的注意事项，符合此处语境，其中“them”指的是上文的“chopsticks”。故选F。
3．答案与解析：C　根据本段小标题“Hands or Utensils (餐具)”可知，本段主要讲述的是手和餐具的问题。根据上文“In India and the Middle East, it's considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. (在印度和中东，用左手吃饭被认为是非常不礼貌的。法国人希望你每只手拿一个餐具吃饭)”及下文“instead preferring to use their hands (相反更愿意使用他们的双手)”可知，此处在讲述不同国家就餐时习惯使用哪只手的问题。由此可知，C项“Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils (墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的)”符合语境，与下文形成转折关系。故选C。
4．答案与解析：G　根据本段小标题“Making Requests”可知，本段主要讲述的是用餐时提请求的问题。根据下文“In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don't like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. (在葡萄牙，这将是一个严重的错误，因为这向厨师表明你不喜欢他们的调味技巧。同样，在意大利，永远不要要求在食物中添加额外的奶酪)”可推知，在一些国家，用餐时提出要求是很无礼的。由此可知，G项“It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal (吃饭时要盐和胡椒看似很简单)”符合此处语境，其中“request”是关键词，说明，在用餐时提出一些我们看来很平常的要求在某些国家是无礼的。故选G。
5．答案与解析：B　根据下文“the more comfortable you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. (你就会对它的外国文化习俗感到越舒服)”可推知，此处指在一个国家待得越久，就会越习惯当地习俗，且此处是“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”结构，B项“The more time you spend in any given country (你在某个国家待的时间越长)”符合文意，引出下文。故选B。
Ⅲ.完形填空
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者10岁的时候，有次去理发店，因为一句玩笑话惹怒了理发师助理。理发师助理的反应让作者明白了一个道理：要尊重任何一种职业。
1．答案与解析：C　考查动词。根据“there was an assistant, who had recently...”可知，理发师助理刚来这家店工作不久，所以选C。
2．答案与解析：B　考查副词。空格后的it指haircut，由下文理发师助理问的“What if I keep it long？”可知，此处应该是指理发师问作者头发想剪多长，所以选B。
3．答案与解析：A　考查动词。根据语境可知，作者经常来这家理发店理发，上一次是和父亲一起来的。当理发师问作者留多长的头发时，作者回答：就和上次“我”父亲嘱咐的一样。instruct意为“吩咐”，符合语境。
4．答案与解析：D　考查名词。根据第二段第一句“So I sat for the haircut.”可知，这里是指在理发之前，理发师对作者的询问。所以选D。
5．答案与解析：D　考查动词。根据下一句“So I joked too.”可知，作者明白这位理发师是在开玩笑，所以选D。
6．答案与解析：C　考查动词。根据“what would happen to your shop then”可知，此处是指作者开玩笑地说，自己不能保证理发店会发生什么事情！guarantee意为“保证”，符合语境。
7．答案与解析：B　考查动词。根据下文的“How dare do you say that! Who are you to take us down, eh？”的语气可知，此处表达的是理发师助理听到作者的回答后很生气。shout意为“大声说”，符合语境。
8．答案与解析：C　考查形容词。根据上一段助理愤怒的语气和下一段中的“stopped joking about anyone's profession and works”可知，作者看到理发师助理这种反应应是感到害怕，所以选C。
9．答案与解析：D　考查形容词。由上下文语境可知，作者的一句玩笑话让理发师助理很生气，作者被理发师助理大声呵斥。根据常识可知，理发师见此情景应该是感到尴尬的。所以选D。
10．答案与解析：B　考查副词。根据空前的“From that day on”和空后的“stopped joking about anyone's profession and works”可知，此处是指从那天起，作者再也没有对他人的职业和作品开玩笑了。所以选B。
11．答案与解析：A　考查形容词。根据最后一段中的“the assistant responded in a way that made me rethink the power of my words”可知，理发店的这次经历对作者很重要。所以选A。
12．答案与解析：D　考查动词。由语境可知，这位理发师助理之所以那么生气是因为感受到自己的职业没有得到尊重，所以作者通过他的反应明白了要尊重任何一种职业。所以选D。
13．答案与解析：B　考查形容词。上一句提到要尊重任何一种职业，所以small符合语境。这里指无论是多么渺小的职业。
14．答案与解析：C　考查形容词。这位理发师助理让作者明白了很重要的人生道理，所以作者对他心怀感激，所以选C。
15．答案与解析：A　考查名词。由上文可知，不恰当的言语会带来负面影响，所以此处表达的是，言语很重要。make a difference为固定搭配，意为“有作用；有影响”。
练习6　单句语法填空＋阅读理解＋应用文写作
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(谓语动词Ⅱ)
1．答案与解析：fell　句意为：史密斯先生到中国几个月后，就爱上了这里的人民和文化。根据语境和after he had arrived可知， fall in love表示的动作发生在had arrived之后，此处应用一般过去时。故填fell。
2．答案与解析：have been turning/have turned　句意为：我年轻的时候，我父亲给了我一些忠告，从那以后我一直对其进行反复思考。根据定语从句中的时间状语ever since和语境可知，设空处表示的动作一直持续到现在，并可能持续下去，所以可用现在完成进行时；也可用现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在的影响。故填have been turning/have turned。
3．答案与解析：was robbed　句意为：她活了下来，但高烧留下了永久的印记——她失去了视力和听力。由survived和left可知，本句为一般过去时，且she与rob之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态；主语she是第三人称单数，故填was robbed。
4．答案与解析：has been cooperating/has cooperated　句意为：多年来，莫高窟管理机构一直与国际同行合作，研究(遗址)保护和遗址管理。结合时间状语for years和语境可知，此处强调动作从过去一直持续到现在，并且会一直持续下去，可用现在完成进行时或现在完成时；主语为可数名词单数，故填has been cooperating/has cooperated。
5．答案与解析：will be admitted　老师对这个调皮但聪明的男孩有信心，并确信他明年会被一所重点大学录取。根据句意和句中的“has”“is”“next year”可知，空处表示的应是将来的动作；又因he和admit之间是被动关系，故应用一般将来时的被动语态。
6．答案与解析：will be waiting　你可以在晚上7：30来我家接我。那时我将正等着你。根据句意可知，此处表示将来某个时刻正在发生的动作，故用将来进行时。
7．答案与解析：will strike　没有人能预先知道什么时候会发生地震。when在句中引导宾语从句，且根据句意可知，此处的地震发生在将来，需用一般将来时。
8．答案与解析：was written　这本讲述了一条小鱼从一条熟睡的大鱼那里偷了一顶帽子的故事的书是加拿大作家Jon Klassen写的。“写”的动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时；同时The book和write之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，故填was written。
9．答案与解析：starts　Henry每个星期天下午都去听一节四点开始的免费课。根据语境可知，此处表示一贯的动作，应用一般现在时。
10．答案与解析：was doing　根据语境和时间状语“at 7 pm yesterday”可知，此处应用过去进行时表示过去某个时间点正在发生的动作。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】　本篇是一篇说明文。主要介绍因为饮食的改变导致了现在在世界上一半的语言中发现了新的语音。
1．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as “f” and “v”， were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose.(30多年前，学者Charles Hockett注意到，被称为唇齿音的语音，如“f”和“v”，在吃软食物的社会的语言中更常见。现在，瑞士苏黎世大学的Damián Blasi领导的一组研究人员发现了这一趋势产生的方式和原因。)”可知Damián Blasi的研究重点是在语言的演变上。故选D项。
2．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned，making it hard to produce labiodentals，which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure , making it easier to produce such sounds.(他们发现，古人类的上门牙和下门牙是对齐的，因此很难产生唇齿音，唇齿音是通过下唇接触上牙齿而形成的。后来，我们的下颚变成了覆盖咬合结构，更容易发出这样的声音)”可知，因为古代成年人的下颚结构使他们很难发出唇齿音。故选C项。
3．答案与解析：A　主旨大意题。根据第五段中的“Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age, with the use of ‘f’ and ‘v’increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years. These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter gatherer people today.(对语言数据库的分析也证实，在新石器时代之后，世界语言的发音发生了全球性的变化，在过去几千年里，‘f’和‘v’的使用显著增加。这些声音在今天许多狩猎采集者的语言中仍然没有发现)”可知，第五段主要是通过列明数据分析结果来进一步证明研究结果。故选A项。
4．答案与解析：C　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“‘The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution，’ said Steven Moran, a member of the research team.(研究小组成员Steven Moran说：‘自从人类出现以来，我们使用的语音不一定保持稳定，我们今天发现的各种语音都是生物变化和文化进化等复杂相互作用的产物。’)”可知，Steven Moran认为语音是一个复杂的动态系统。故选C项。
B
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了71岁的Ginni Bazlinton从小就对旅行有着深深的热爱，渴望探险，当她结束跳舞生涯并且孩子们成家立业之后，她开始周游世界，并在2008年开始了前往南极洲的旅程。
5．答案与解析：A　词句猜测题。根据第二段划线词前文“Throughout her career(职业) as a professional dancer, she toured in the UK, but always longed to explore further. (在她的职业舞蹈演员生涯中，她曾在英国巡演，但一直渴望进一步探索)”和“When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest (当她不再跳舞，她的儿子们最终独立生活)”可知，Ginni在退休和儿子们成家立业之后，她决定尝试有挑战性的事情。由此推知，划线词组take the plunge与try challenging things“尝试有挑战性的事情”意思接近。故选A。
6．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tierra del Fuego. (正是在智利，她发现自己可以在最后一刻买到从火地岛附近岛屿前往南极洲的廉价船票)”可知，是折扣的票价让Ginni决定去南极洲旅行的。故选C。
7．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据最后一段“The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected by humans, was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni. (意识到这是一块宝贵的土地，应该受到人类的尊重，这是Ginni最深刻的感受之一)”可知，旅行结束后，Ginni认为南极洲应该得到很好的保护。故选C。
8．答案与解析：B　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了Ginni Bazlinton去南极旅行的经历，再根据第一段“These gentle, lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick started what was to be a trip Ginni would never forget. (这些温柔可爱的看门人欢迎了她，并开始了一次Ginni永远不会忘记的旅行)”和倒数第二段Ginni Bazlinton对南极之旅的评价可知，文章主要介绍了Ginni Bazlinton去南极洲之旅让她非常难忘。由此可知，An unforgettable experience. (一次难忘的经历)能够概括文章主旨。故选B。
Ⅲ.应用文写作
One possible version：
Youth and Me
Believe it or not, the first time I happened to read the newspaper Youth a couple of months ago, I felt an urge to finish reading it in one breath. From then on, I became one of its keen readers, never missing a single issue of it. While many columns leave a deep impression on me, the column that stands out most is none other than the one where you regularly put articles about foreign cultures and the most efficient ways of learning English. I feel privileged to have been introduced to your newspaper, which definitely contributes a lot to my progress in English study. It's my sincere hope that the newspaper will be more popular among us students.
练习7　单句语法填空＋阅读理解
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(非谓语动词Ⅰ)
1．答案与解析：included　句意为：目前，包括北京、上海、广州和深圳在内的50个城市正在使用5G服务。include意为“包括，包含”，在此应用非谓语动词形式，include与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填included。
2．答案与解析：reducing　句意为：数百万英亩的湿地被抽干，以为不断增加的人口提供食物和住所，结果大大减少了水禽的栖息地。reduce与其逻辑主语之间为主动关系，此处应用现在分词形式作结果状语，故填reducing。
3．答案与解析：to celebrate　句意为：中国人有贴年画来庆祝传统春节的习俗。分析句子成分可知，________ the traditional Spring Festival充当目的状语，空处应用动词不定式。故填to celebrate。
4．答案与解析：Built　句意为：建于宋朝的古镇提供了美丽的古代中国景观，以有拱桥横跨的如画般的运河和俯瞰水面的粉刷成白色的房屋为特色。分析句子结构可知， build在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语town之间构成被动关系，应用过去分词形式。空处位于句首，首字母要大写。故填Built。
5．答案与解析：To keep　生活就像骑自行车。想要保持平衡，你必须不断前行。根据句意可知，空处应用动词不定式表目的。
6．答案与解析：designed　我们鼓励十六岁以上的孩子参加这些专为他们设计的户外文体活动。design与activities之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用designed作后置定语。
7．答案与解析：contributing　根据句意可知，逗号后的内容是逗号前的内容的一种自然结果，contribute与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系，故应用现在分词形式作结果状语。
8．答案与解析：to blame　此处为(be) to blame (for sth.)结构，表示“该(因……)受责备，应(为……)承担责任”。
9．答案与解析：based　很多人认为政府的任何工作都应该以市民的幸福水平为基础来评价。________ on citizens' happiness level在句中作方式状语，base和government's work为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词。
10．答案与解析：invited　受邀参加这次国际会议的宾客主要是学者、从政者和国际组织代表。分析句子结构可知，Guests与invite之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填invited。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过作者和悉尼人士的交流介绍了悉尼发展中面临的问题。
1．答案与解析：C　主旨大意题。根据第一段“Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. (20世纪60年代初，澳大利亚悉尼发生了一件大事。这座城市发现了它的港口) ”以及“But it is the harbor that makes the city. (但是是港口造就了城市)”可知，本段主要介绍了悉尼发展的关键是港口。故选C项。
2．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据第二段“Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living. (30岁出头的Andrew Reynolds是个快乐的小伙子，他在悉尼担任渡轮领航员为生)”，第三段“I'll miss these old boats. (我会想念这些旧船的)”以及第五段“Catamarans are faster, but they're not so elegant, and they're not fun to pilot. (双体船更快，但它们不那么优雅，驾驶起来也没有趣)”可知，渡轮领航员Andrew Reynolds喜欢老式渡船。故选D项。
3．答案与解析：A　推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Shirley Fitzgerald, the city's official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. (悉尼的官方历史学家Shirley Fitzgerald告诉我，在20世纪70年代奔向现代化的过程中，悉尼把很多它的过去都抛在了一边，包括许多最漂亮的建筑)”可推知，Shirley Fitzgerald认为悉尼匆忙奔向现代化，正在失去它的传统。故选A项。
4．答案与解析：A　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. (另一方面，同时既年轻又古老也有它的魅力。当我遇到一位深思熟虑的年轻商人Anthony时，我考虑到了这一点)”以及最后一段“He is right (他说得没错)”可推知，作者赞同Anthony的观点，认为一座城市可以同时既年轻又古老。故选A项。
B
【语篇解读】　本文主要讲述了作者和丈夫在晚饭后散步时，看到一个人在用石头碾碎面包，后来得知他在给早上来这里的小鸟准备食物，作者和丈夫备受鼓舞，也鼓励人们多做善举。
5．答案与解析：A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I thought he was crumbling stones to make sand, but why would he do that？”可知，作者很好奇这个男人在做什么以及为什么这样做，所以为了满足好奇心，她和丈夫决定走近看一下。
6．答案与解析：D　词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“The large pieces of Indian bread would be difficult for the birds to eat”可知，因为鸟儿吃大块的面包很困难，所以他要将大块的面包弄碎，因此可推断出crumble意为“弄碎，使成碎屑”，与crush(压碎；捣碎)意思相近。
7．答案与解析：D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“We shared his story in the hope...perhaps it might inspire someone to start something similar in their own area.”可知，作者分享这个故事的主要目的是激励其他人能在自己住的地方做相似的善举，从而对世界有所影响。
8．答案与解析：A　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者和丈夫散步时，看到一个人在用石头碾碎面包，后来得知他是在给小鸟准备食物。这虽然是一件平凡的小事，但是作者和丈夫备受鼓舞，他们鼓励人们要多做善举。由此可知，A项(遇到一位平民英雄)为本文最佳标题，符合语境。
练习8　单句语法填空＋七选五＋完形填空
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(非谓语动词Ⅱ)
1．答案与解析：Following　效仿我们的示例，他们自己可能开始吃蔬菜。分析句子结构可知，设空处前面无连词，所以逗号前的内容要作状语，设空处需要填非谓语动词。又因为设空处的动作与主句的主语they之间是主动关系，故用其动词 ing形式作状语。
2．答案与解析：to improve　为了提高生活质量，残疾人现在做许多事情。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语are doing，所以设空处只能是非谓语动词，又根据句子语境“做许多事情是为了提高生活质量”可知，设空处应该填动词不定式作目的状语。
3．答案与解析：Raised　因在最贫穷的地区长大，他的球星之路漫长而艰辛。分词短语代替状语从句时，前后主语一致，而句子主语he与动词raise是逻辑上的被动关系，故用raise的过去分词形式。
4．答案与解析：making　重金属的污染物也可以被回收利用，从而使这一过程更加有效。根据语境，“使得过程更加有效”是前面提到的“回收利用”的必然结果，故用动词 ing形式作结果状语。
5．答案与解析：returned　厂商定期来回收因质量问题而被退回我们店的相机。return在此处作定语修饰cameras，cameras是return这一动作的承受者，故用return的过去分词形式。
6．答案与解析：dating　每年，数以千计的游客都来参观这座始建于9世纪的寺庙。come为本句的谓语动词，且设空处前无连词，故date应用非谓语动词形式。date from意为“起源于”，无被动形式，在此处作定语，故用动词 ing形式的dating。date from无被动形式，考查其非谓语动词的用法时，只能用现在分词的形式dating from。
7．答案与解析：to realize　每一个美国人都有实现自己最大潜能的机会。have the opportunity to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“有做某事的机会”，故填to realize。
8．答案与解析：Signing　申请开通一项数字电视服务可让您能收看到来自全球的200多个频道。本句谓语动词为provides，且本句陈述具体的事实，故用动词 ing短语作主语。
9．答案与解析：to live；to control　我很难与内心里的这两只狼共处，因为它们两个同时都要来控制我的精神。第一空所在的句子为It作形式主语的句式，“It＋be动词＋adj.＋to do sth.”为固定句型，故不定式短语作句子真正的主语；第二空想要表达“它们同时都要来控制我的精神”的意思，故用不定式作动词的宾语。
10．答案与解析：located　医疗服务机构在主楼。分析句子结构可知，本句已有系动词is，设空处应用非谓语动词形式，且设空处在句中作表语，表示主语的状态，故用过去分词located。
Ⅱ.七选五
1．F　2.D　3.B　4.G　5.E
Ⅲ.完形填空
【语篇解读】　这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一位5岁的孩子温和妈妈一起徒步旅行去游览67个瀑布，并在旅途中不断挑战自我的故事。
1．答案与解析：A　根据第三段的“Colleen said the challenge was simply a way”可知，此处表示妈妈激励温思考一个目标。challenge意为“激励”，符合语境。force意为“强迫”； warn意为“警告”； beg意为“乞求”。
2．答案与解析：D　根据下文的67 waterfalls可知，妈妈让温想出一个包含户外活动的目标。outdoor意为“户外的”，符合语境。voluntary意为“自愿的”； underwater意为“水下的”； mental意为“精神的，智力的”。
3．答案与解析：B　根据上文的“Wynn wasted no time and shouted”可知，温不假思索地喊出了自己的目标，故67这个数字是随机的。random意为“随机的”，符合语境。typical意为“典型的”； right意为“正确的”； regular意为“有规律的”。
4．答案与解析：C　根据上文的“her mom loved the idea so much”可知，妈妈很喜欢她的想法，因此同意帮助她实现梦想。agree to do sth.意为“同意做某事”，符合语境。fail to do sth.意为“未能做成某事”； happen to do sth.意为“碰巧做某事”； remember to do sth.意为“要去做某事”。
5．答案与解析：B　根据下文的“they ________ hiking to different waterfalls可知，这对母女徒步游览67个瀑布，此处指她们的第一次冒险。adventure意为“冒险”，符合语境。lesson意为“教训；课”； advance意为“进步；进展”； surprise意为“惊奇；诧异”。
6．答案与解析：D　根据下文的“they moved closer and closer to their goal”可知，她们继续前行，越来越靠近目标。continue意为“继续”，符合语境。resist意为“反抗”； postpone意为“延期”； admit意为“承认”。
7．答案与解析：C　根据语境可知，当她们一步步向目标前进时，她们会记录自己的进程。as意为“当……时”，符合语境。until意为“直到”； unless意为“除非”； although意为“尽管”。
8．答案与解析：A　根据下文的“the challenge was simply a way to get Wynn outside instead of ‘just watching YouTube all day’”可知，最初这项挑战只是为了能让温多到户外走动而设立的。originally意为“起初”，符合语境。fortunately意为“幸运地”； casually意为“随便地”； generally意为“大体上”。
9．答案与解析：A　根据上文的“because of COVID 19”以及下文的“Between Wynn missing her friends and Colleen losing her job”可知，受新型冠状病毒肺炎的影响，温不能上学，思念朋友，妈妈也失业了，故疫情给她们一家带来了许多困扰。trouble意为“困扰，麻烦”，符合语境。excuse意为“借口”； doubt意为“疑问”； honor意为“荣誉称号”。
10．答案与解析：C　根据第二段的“they ________ hiking to different waterfalls”可知，她们徒步去参观瀑布。visit意为“参观，游览”，符合语境。competition意为“竞争”； sound意为“声音”； chance意为“机会”。
11．答案与解析：B　根据“It took Wynn and Colleen five months, but they finally”以及下文的“Wynn ________， ‘I did it！’”可知，她们到达了最后一个瀑布，完成了目标。reach意为“到达”，符合语境。identify意为“辨认”； pass意为“通过”； recommend意为“推荐”。
12．答案与解析：D　根据下文的“I did it！”可知，温完成目标之后，大声喊道：“我做到了！”shout意为“大声说出”，符合语境。predict意为“预测”； signal意为“表示”； evaluate意为“评估”。
13．答案与解析：C　根据下文的“When she ________ to school, her friends and teachers ________ her with celebratory balloons！”可知，温回到学校后，她的同学和老师用气球欢迎她。这说明温不是唯一一个感到兴奋的人。excited意为“激动的”，符合语境。curious意为“好奇的”； embarrassed意为“尴尬的”； confident意为“自信的”。
14．答案与解析：A　根据语境及常识可知，此处表示当温回到学校时，她受到了同学和老师的欢迎。return意为“返回”，符合语境。go意为“走，去”； turn意为“向……方向”； drive意为“开车去”。
15．答案与解析：D　根据下文的“with celebratory balloons”可知，她的同学和老师用气球欢迎她。welcome意为“欢迎”，符合语境。bother意为“打扰”； assist意为“协助”； cover意为“覆盖”。
练习9　单句语法填空＋阅读理解
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(名词和代词)
1．答案与解析：curiosity　句意为：作为一个对世界有着永不枯竭的好奇心的天生艺人，他说，如果能让孩子们对科学感兴趣，他很乐意装扮成小丑。设空处在从句中作介词with的宾语，应用名词，curiosity意为“好奇心”时是不可数名词或常用单数，且根据空前的an可知，应用单数形式。故填curiosity。
2．答案与解析：popularity　句意为：像《火星救援》这样的电影在全世界都很受欢迎，尤其是在30多岁的年轻人当中。设空处作动词enjoy的宾语，应用名词，且popularity为不可数名词。故填popularity。
3．答案与解析：them　句意为：中国父母很高兴政府能介入，帮助他们控制孩子对游戏的兴趣。空处作动词help的宾语，应用代词they的宾格形式。故填them。
4．答案与解析：yourself　句意为：父亲告诉我：“当你用食指指着别人背部的时候，你(也在)让另外三个手指指着自己，而且你会受到三倍力量的回击。”根据句意可知，设空处所在句的动作的实施者和承受者都是“自己”，应用反身代词作介词at的宾语。故填yourself。
5．答案与解析：reference　以上观点可能正确，也可能不正确，仅供参考。your为形容词性物主代词，后应接名词，故填reference。
6．答案与解析：it　当谈到节食和锻炼时，我们知道要做什么，但是我们没有按照我们知道的去实践。when it comes to...为固定用法，意为“当谈及……的时候”，故填it。
7．答案与解析：their　拯救这些宫殿和建筑物时要不破坏它们原有的美很不容易。修饰名词短语old beauty应用形容词性物主代词，故填their。
8．答案与解析：oneself　诚信是立身处世和开创事业的基础。behave oneself为固定搭配，意为“举止规矩”，故填oneself。
9．答案与解析：it　我不喜欢人们在满嘴食物时讲话。主句谓语dislike是表示爱憎类的动词，when表示“当……的时候”，引导状语从句，此处用it指代people talk with their mouths full，作宾语。有同样用法的表示爱憎类的动词还有like，hate，appreciate等。
10．答案与解析：hers　她鼓励其他人作出自己的选择，并且也尊重她自己的选择。由句意可知，该空应表示她自己的(选择)，作宾语，应用名词性物主代词，故填hers。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】　本文主要向读者介绍了四个风格迥异的美术馆。
1．答案与解析：A　细节理解题。根据Martin Lawrence Galleries Soho部分中的“Located in a two floor space in the heart of Soho, this gallery provides a great fine art buying experience for all ages.”和“Location: 457 West Broadway, New York, NY 10012”可知，各年龄阶段的游客都可以在该美术馆买到艺术品，由此可知，想买艺术品的游客应该去纽约市。
2．答案与解析：A　细节理解题。根据Bill Lowe Gallery部分中的“For over three decades, Bill Lowe Gallery has served as a gate to global visual culture for art enthusiasts...with great visual drama.”可知，艺术爱好者们在该美术馆能看到视觉文化的展览。
3．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据Baterbys Art Auction Gallery部分中的“They offer specialized services such as art rental and fine art home delivery.”可知，该美术馆提供艺术品租赁服务，这是这家美术馆与其他美术馆的不同之处，也是其特别之处。
B
【语篇解读】　本文以马拉松参赛者珍妮特·舍曼忍痛完成比赛的事例证明，对业余运动员来说，在运动中受伤后一定要及时治疗，不要带伤运动，不然后果不堪设想。
4．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据第一段的“she chose to drop down to a shorter 10 km race”可知，舍曼退而求其次，忍痛跑完了比半程马拉松更短的比赛。故选D项。
5．答案与解析：A　词义猜测题。根据第三段第二句可知，对业余运动员和只在周末锻炼的人来说，在运动中忍受痛苦是一件很平常的事情。画线词所在段指出这一情况需要改变，由此可推知， That指的是“做运动时忍受疼痛是很常见的”。故选A项。
6．答案与解析：C　推理判断题。由题干中的Mark Cucuzzella可定位至第四段中这位教授的观点，由“For too long we have beautified that way of thinking. It's not sustainable.”可知，他对于“不劳无获”这种观点的态度是不支持的，因为他认为该观点缺少可持续性。故选C项。
7．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。由题干中的Adam Tenforde可定位至最后一段，由“I advocate addressing pain early, rather than ignoring it.”可知，他建议尽快去处理伤痛，而不是忽视它。advocate意为“支持；提倡”，与题干中的advise同义，故选B项。
练习10　单句语法填空＋阅读理解
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(形容词和副词)
1．答案与解析：global　句意为：袁隆平有两个梦想：在比人还高的水稻下乘凉和看到杂交水稻在世界各地被种植以帮助解决全球粮食短缺问题。此处应用形容词作定语。故填global。
2．答案与解析：currently　句意为：在应对此次冠状病毒大流行病的影响之后，世界(各国)目前正努力重新振作起来。此处应用副词作状语，修饰谓语is trying。故填currently。
3．答案与解析：mainly　句意为：这节课主要面向来自世界各地的青年学生，在周四下午以在轨运行的中国空间站进行的现场直播开始。应用副词作状语修饰过去分词短语aimed at。故填mainly。
4．答案与解析：tasty　句意为：所有美味的食物都如此，但糖的作用特别强烈。应用形容词修饰空后名词foods。故填tasty。
5．答案与解析：positively　他们可能会对总统的援助要求作出积极回应。修饰动词respond应用副词。positively“积极地”。
6．答案与解析：gradually　这个女孩以前害羞，但是现在正渐渐地在小组工作中变得积极，并更愿意表达她自己(的想法)。修饰动词应用副词gradually，表示“逐渐地”。
7．答案与解析：best　希望是一个好东西，也许是最好的，好东西是不会消亡的。根据语境和句子结构可知，这里应用形容词最高级形式。
8．答案与解析：noisy　我给我无聊和吵闹的孩子读了几章《哈利·波特》。空处修饰children，故用形容词noisy。
9．答案与解析：particularly　这条路上事故频发。因此你在这条路上开车时应该小心，尤其是在下雨天。空处在句中作状语，故用副词particularly，意为“尤其，特别”。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。主题语境是人与社会，主题语境内容是乘坐火车的信息。文章介绍了乘坐火车的一些关键事项。文章旨在培养学生快速获取信息的能力。
1．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。本题题干意为：你将做什么来得到车票信息？根据文章第一段的For ticket information，please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.可知，如果想获取车票信息，可以在当地火车站询问或拨打13 12 30，故C项正确。
2．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。本题题干意为：在哪个车站你可以找到失物招领处？根据文章Lost property部分的最后一句可知，失物招领处是在Roma Street。
3．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。本题题干意为：如果你想从Central到Varsity Lakes，你会乘坐哪列火车？根据文章最后的列车时刻表可知，从Central到Varsity Lakes的列车是下午7点29分发车。
B
【语篇解读】　本文主要讲述了50岁的Lakyntiew Syiemlieh继续接受教育的故事，告诉我们年龄不是停止学习的理由，要活到老，学到老。
4．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。题干中的短语drop out of school意为“辍学”。根据第一段中的“go after her higher secondary education over three decades after dropping out of school”可知， Lakyntiew是在辍学30多年后决定继续接受教育的；结合第二段中的“On July 13, 2020, when the results were announced, she was excited.”可知，考试结果是在2020年公布的。由此可知，她辍学的时间为在2020年的基础上倒退30年以上，也就是1990年左右。结合选项可知，Lakyntiew可能是在1988年辍学的。故选B项。
5．答案与解析：D　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Besides concentrating on studies, she also participated in after class activities like field trips, dance competitions, and singing contests.”可知， Lakyntiew除了专注于学业，还参加舞蹈比赛和歌唱比赛等课外活动，由此可推知， Lakyntiew在学校的表现是积极的。故选D项。
6．答案与解析：A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“She stopped going to school when young because mathematics was too difficult for her to understand.”可知， Lakyntiew觉得数学太难才会辍学，即她在学习某一门科目上有太多困难。故选A项。
7．答案与解析：C　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，对我们每个人来说，年龄不是我们停止学习的理由，即使年龄很大也可以继续接受教育。live and learn意为“活到老，学到老”，符合语境。故选C项。
练习11　七选五＋完形填空＋读后续写
Ⅰ.七选五
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。主题语境为人与自我，主题语境内容为如何接受自我。文章介绍了接受自我的四种具体做法。本文有助于学生学会认识自我、丰富自我、完善自我。
1．答案与解析：B　过渡句。由设空处前一句(但有时它似乎太困难，太遥不可及。)以及后一句(下面是一些可以让你找到正确的方向的方法。)可知，B项“Where do you start？(你从哪里开始呢？)”从问题过渡到下文解决问题的办法，符合逻辑。故选B项。
2．答案与解析：F　主旨句。由本段中“your life is better than theirs(你的生活比他们的好)” “Know that your life is your own；you are the only you in this world.(知道你的生活是你自己的，你是这个世界上唯一的你。)”可知选F项“Stop comparing yourself with others.(停止拿自己和别人比较)”。
3．答案与解析：D　细节句。由本段第一句可知本段讲的是原谅自己所犯的错。由设空处前面提到的“We are often ashamed of our shortcomings，our mistakes and our failures.(我们经常为我们的缺点、错误和失败感到羞愧。)”和其后一句“You will make mistakes, time and time again.(你会反复犯错误。)”可知D项(记住，你只是一个人)正确。
4．答案与解析：C　细节句。本段第四句话中的“accomplishments and achievements”对应C项中的“celebrate”，设空处前一句中的 “got out of bed today”对应C项中的“small”。因此C项(再小的事也值得庆祝)是最佳选项。
5．答案与解析：A　过渡句。由本段第一句中的“list your imperfections(列出你的缺点)”以及设空处前一句“Now, read these words back to yourself.(现在，把这些话读给自己)”可对应到A项中的“upset(沮丧)”。因此A项(又感到沮丧了吗？)是最佳选项。
Ⅱ.完形填空
【语篇解读】　这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者遇到一位有着年轻心灵的老人。通过这位老人的启发，作者相信是爱让人年轻。
1．答案与解析：D　根据下文“As soon as he ________ finished counting out the money”可知，此处指作者走向收银员的时候注意到了一位老人。approach意为“走近”，符合语境。serve意为“为……服务，接待”； pay意为“支付，付费”； leave意为“离开；把……留在某处”。
2．答案与解析：C　根据下文的“he looked tired, old and ugly”可知，他的脸上应是布满了皱纹。be covered with...意为“被……覆盖”，符合语境。be exposed to意为“接触，暴露于”； be trapped in意为“被困于”； be made of意为“由……组成”。
3．答案与解析：A　根据上文“His back was bent. His hair was white. His face was ________ wrinkles.”可知，在世人眼中，他看起来很疲惫，又老又丑。此处表示泛指，不强调某个人的看法。world意为“世人”，符合语境。cashier意为“出纳员，收银员”； customer意为“顾客”； elder意为“长者，长辈”。
4．答案与解析：B　根据上文“I noticed a very old man”和“he looked tired, old and ugly”可知，这样的一位老人在掏钱结账时动作应该很慢。slowly意为“缓慢地”，符合语境。politely意为“有礼貌地”； easily意为“容易地”； curiously意为“好奇地”。
5．答案与解析：A　根据“joked with the cashier and they both laughed”可知，这位老人微笑着和收银员开了个玩笑。smile意为“微笑”，符合语境。stop意为“停止”； hesitate意为“犹豫”； appear意为“似乎；出现”。
6．答案与解析：B　根据上文“and they both laughed”可知，他的笑声听起来像动听的音乐。laughter意为“笑，笑声”，符合语境。song意为“歌曲”； voice意为“声音，嗓音”； story意为“故事；小说”。
7．答案与解析：C　根据“He turned back to me”可知，此时指老人回过头来冲作者微笑，分享他的快乐。share意为“分享”，符合语境。hide意为“隐藏”； lose意为“失去”： force意为“强迫”。
8．答案与解析：D　根据“most beautiful soul”和下文“his ________ was young”可知，老人的精神状态是作者很长时间以来见到的最年轻的精神状态。young意为“年轻的”，符合语境。funny意为“滑稽的”； clever意为“聪明的”； big意为“大的”。
9．答案与解析：B　根据上文“I could see his soul shining through.”可知，此处强调那一刻作者的想法。moment意为“时刻；瞬间；片刻”，符合语境。case意为“状况；实例”； area意为“区域，地区”； way意为“方法；道路”。
10．答案与解析：D　根据上文“It was the ________ and most beautiful soul”和while表对比可知，此处指他的心灵是年轻的。soul意为“心灵；精神”，符合语境。child意为“儿童，孩子”； look意为“样子；神情”； sound意为“声音”。
11．答案与解析：C　根据“but be old and beaten down on the inside”可知，此处强调有些人可能外表看上去年轻又健康，但内心却是衰老且颓丧的。outside意为“外部”，符合语境。the contrary意为“相反的事实”； bottom意为“底部”； face意为“脸，面部”。
12．答案与解析：A　根据语境可知，有些人的外表虽然看起来老了，但他们的内心仍然年轻和充满活力。still意为“仍然”，符合语境。sometimes意为“有时”；even意为“甚至”； anyway意为“无论如何”。
13．答案与解析：A　根据“but whether we grow old on the inside is a choice”可知，此处指时间最终会使我们的身体变老。age意为“使变老”，符合语境。limit意为“限制”； ignore意为“忽略；不予理睬”； punish意为“惩罚”。
14．答案与解析：B　根据下文“Or we can choose to live in...”可知，此处进一步解释我们可以选择过什么样的生活。choose意为“选择”，符合语境。continue意为“继续”； refuse意为“拒绝”； attempt意为“企图；试图”。
15．答案与解析：C　根据“joy, and compassion”可知，此处与上句形成对比，同时复指本段第一句中提到的love，强调作者的观点“I truly believe, however, that the key is love.”。love意为“爱”，符合语境。gratitude意为“感激”； hope意为“希望”； excitement意为“令人激动的事；兴奋”。
Ⅲ.读后续写
One possible version：
Midnight finally arrived and the tree man took out the biggest tree. Before Francy could speak, a big rough boy, 18 years old, stepped forward. He looked around and asked, “Anybody else wants to take a chance on it？” Francy stepped forward, “Me, mister.” The tree man laughed and said, “You are too little.” Francy argued, “My brother and I will not be too little together.” She pulled Nily forward.
The tree man looked at the two kids and hesitated for a moment. The two children, a thin girl of 10 who looked as if she hadn't got enough to eat, and a thin little boy with light hair and round blue eyes, stood there. He thought, “Why don't I just give them the tree, say ‘Merry Christmas’， and let them go？” The children watched the tree man as he stood there in his moment of thought. Finally, the tree man made his decision and gave the tree to Francy and her little brother. Some of the boys shouted, “Great.” Some people clapped their hands.
练习12　阅读理解＋概要写作
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】　本文主要论述了自恋并不一定总是不好的，自爱和自尊对我们的心理健康是必要的。
1．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“However, part of the reason that narcissism carries these negative meanings is that many people admire themselves in an unhealthy way.”可知，自恋通常有负面的含义，一部分是因为自恋是许多人以不健康的方式欣赏自己的一种习惯，故选B项。
2．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。由题干中的low self esteem可定位至第二段，根据“When they feel less confident and not as good as their classmates, teenagers are more likely to suffer from depression, according to the BBC.”可知，青少年的自信心不足、自尊心低下更容易使其患上抑郁症。故选C项。
3．答案与解析：D　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“If you think you're weak because you can't finish a 1，500 meter run, get to the track and practice. If you think you're dull because you are not in fashion, buy a few new clothes.”叙述的这两个事例可推知， it指代在这些事例中个人产生的对自己的负面看法或印象，故选D项。
4．答案与解析：D　推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要论述了虽然通常情况下自恋具有负面含义，但是自爱和自尊对我们的心理健康是必要的，再结合本文最后一段可知，本文的主要目的是鼓励人们接受和爱自己。故选D项。
B
【语篇解读】　本文主要就老年人是否适合旅行这一话题进行了讨论。作者通过一些事例和各种人的观点说明，对于想要旅行的老年人来说，年龄不是问题，主要看身体或心理健康状况是否适合。
5．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Insurance companies require higher rates”并结合第一段中的“when she turned 70 last year”可知，今年71岁的舍费尔若去克罗地亚旅行，需要向保险公司缴纳更多的保险费。
6．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。题干中的disapprove意为“不赞同”。由题干中的Veldman可定位至第三段，再由其中的“Definitely some folks should think twice before traveling, but not only based on their age. It's their level of fitness, says Kirsten Veldman”可知，费尔德曼认为人们在旅行之前，不仅要考虑年龄，更要考虑身体健康，再由后面对这名93岁的老人的身体状况的描述可知，费尔德曼不同意他去旅行的原因是他的健康状况不好。
7．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。由题干中的Grand Circle Travel可定位至第四段，再由其中的“We have travelers in their 80s and even 90s.”以及“We have no age limit.”可知，Grand Circle Travel为各种年龄阶段的旅行者提供服务。
8．答案与解析：D　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Definitely some folks should think twice before traveling, but not only based on their age.”以及最后一段中的“If you ask travel experts, they'll tell you that age is just a number. It's a question of physical and to a certain extent, mental ability.”并结合全文内容来看，作者通过引用事例和各种人的观点来分析老年人是否适合去旅行，说明年龄不是阻碍老年人旅行的主要原因，健康状况才是需要关注的焦点，由此可推知，作者对老年人旅行的态度是客观的。
Ⅱ.概要写作
One possible version：
Scientists are studying how to design the living places to benefit us. (要点1) Researches show that physical environment, like the height of ceilings, can affect people's creativity. (要点2) More greenness or a broader vision can improve one's attention span, and then academic performance. (要点3) Dim light and round edged furniture bring people relaxation. (要点4) But so far, similar studies have been limited to a small scale. (要点5)
练习13　阅读理解＋读后续写
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
1．答案与解析：C　根据Magdalen Island, Canada部分中的“Why go now：See a beautiful but decreasing world of ice—and the harp seals that depend on it.”可知。
2．答案与解析：B　根据Fort Kochi, India部分中的“...the Biennale shows contemporary international, Indian, and cross cu练习51　语法填空＋阅读理解
Ⅰ.语法填空
2022·重庆月考 说明文 210词 ★★★☆☆
It is known to all that the Great Wall of China is a monument to thousands 1.________ years of culture. But today many parts of the wall, like the Jiankou section, risk erosion and 2.________ (destroy). As much as 30% of the wall lies in ruins because of the wind and rain. It can be too dangerous to reach some of the most fragile parts of the ancient wall, especially the Jiankou wall, which winds through peaks and cliffs, 3.________ (make) the preservation of it no easy task.
Here comes the good news 4.________ the China Foundation for Cultural Heritage Conservation is cooperating with a company to launch a revolutionary approach to 5.________ (it) restoration: artificial intelligence and drones (无人驾驶飞机). The drones are used to map and measure sections of the wall. 6.________ (base) on the highly accurate images taken by the drones, 7.________ 3 D model can be created and help the foundation to plan for the restoration. Besides, the data collected by them has helped workers build support structures for the wall. Solutions like this can 8.________ (apply) to the restoration of the whole section of the Great Wall. 9.________ (hopeful), more of the Great Wall will remain for future 10.________ (generation) to see.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
2022·哈三中月考 说明文 304词 ★★★★☆
A Scientist turns out to be able to see the future by offering each of some four year olds a piece of candy and watching how he or she deals with it. Some children reach eagerly for the treat they see. Some last a few minutes before they give in. But others are determined to wait until the last moment.
By the time the children reach high school, something remarkable has happened. A survey found that those who as four year olds had enough self control to hold out generally grew up to be more popular, adventurous, confident and dependable. The children who gave in to temptation early were more likely to be lonely, easily frustrated and inflexible.
Actually, the ability to delay reward is a sign of emotional intelligence which doesn't show up on an IQ test.
The hardware of the brain and the software of the mind have long been scientists' concerns. But brain theory can't explain what we wonder about most, like the question why some people remain upbeat in the face of troubles that would sink a less resistant person.
Here comes the theory of Daniel Goleman, writer of Emotional Intelligence: when it comes to predicting people's success, brain ability measured by IQ may actually matter less than the qualities of mind once thought of as “character”．
EQ is not the opposite of IQ. What researchers have been trying to understand is how they work together; how one's ability to handle stress, for instance, affects the ability to concentrate and put intelligence to use. Among the ingredients for success, researchers now generally agree that IQ accounts for about 20%; the rest depends on everything from social class to luck.
While many researchers in this relatively new field are glad to see emotional issues finally taken seriously, some few fear EQ invites misuse.
1．The experiment with the four year olds makes it clear that ________．
A．the age of 4 is a proper time for scientific experiment
B．emotional intelligence won't show up until adolescence
C．the ability of self control plays a role in personal success
D．candy can be used to measure a person's emotional intelligence
2．Which of the following is true according to the text
A．The higher a person's EQ is, the higher his or her IQ is.
B．The higher a person's IQ is, the lower his or her EQ is.
C．A person's success totally depends on his or her EQ.
D．Scientists have been trying to discover how EQ and IQ work together.
3．The underlined word “upbeat” in paragraph 4 probably means ________．
A．kind B．floating
C．excited D．optimistic
4．What is most likely to be written in the paragraph that follows
A．Information about famous people with high EQ.
B．Examples showing the opposite voice about EQ.
C．Some reasons why EQ is a relatively new field.
D．Strong demands for basic emotional education.
B
2022·重庆区县调研 应用文 309词 ★★★☆☆
You'll be re directed to our Irish Fest Ticketing Store, which will feature all of 2019's ticketing options. Buying online will save you the time of waiting in line at the ticket window. Your admission to the festival includes all of the musical acts, cultural exhibits, children's activities and more! Questions Contact us at info@.
Daily Ways to Save
Any and all active (现役) military members will receive free admission to the festival, any day, with valid ID, plus one guest, at any gate ticket window where you will receive your free ticket. Thank you for your service to our country.
Failte Club VIP Experience～NEW
Experience Irish Fest in an exclusive setting! Invite your friends and be a part of the Failte Club VIP Experience! Your Failte Club ticket includes 2 complimentary beverages (beer, wine, soda, water), an incredible view of the Miller Lite stage from the Upper Deck, a private bar for additional beverages, including Jameson Whiskey and private restrooms!
*Wheel chair accessible*
Thursday: $15 (Hours 5－10 pm)
Friday: $30 (Hours 5－12 am)
Saturday: $35 (Hours 2－12 am) － SOLD OUT
Sunday: $30 (Hours 12－8：30 pm)
4 Day VIP Pass: $79
Group Ticket Sales Information
Save some green with group ticket sales available through July 31, 2019. 26－99 tickets are $15 each; 100＋ tickets are$13 each. Call the CelticMKE [Irish Fest] Center at 414－476－3378 for more information.
Notice on Counterfeit Tickets
Milwaukee Irish Fest strongly urges all customers to avoid purchasing tickets on the street from unauthorized sources, as the tickets may be counterfeit. For your own protection, tickets should only be purchased at Milwaukee Irish Fest ticket booths, or the Milwaukee Irish Fest Center in Wauwatosa. Counterfeit tickets and tickets purchased from unauthorized sources will not be honored.
5．Which of the following is true
A．Anyone who served in the army can receive free admission to the fest.
B．People can buy a Failte Club ticket for any of the four days right now.
C.A group of 30 will spend $390 on their tickets for the fest altogether.
D．4 Day VIP Pass holder can have an extremely good view of the stage.
6．The underlined word “counterfeit” in the last part most probably means “________”．
A．second hand B．false
C．undated D．discounted
7．What is the author's purpose in writing the text
A．To persuade people to go to Milwaukee Irish Fest.
B．To make Milwaukee Irish Fest better known.
C．To inform people of ticketing and discounting.
D．To talk about how the festival is organized.
答题策略
语法填空——代词
代词的应用与少用
应用 ① 认清代词指代对象，注意前后人称要一致
② 认清代词指代对象，注意前后单复数要一致
③ 认清代词指代对象，注意前后性别要一致
④ this，that，it的应用；something和everything的应用；so和such的应用；反身代词与人称代词的应用；形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的应用；人称代词和物主代词的应用；人称代词的主格和宾格的应用，注意它的区别和运用
少用 ⑤ 物主代词或人称代词的少用
⑥ 留意无冠词、无物主代词、无不定代词修饰的名词练习10　单句语法填空＋阅读理解
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(形容词和副词)
1．[2022·陕西西安交大附中检测]Yuan Longping had two dreams: to enjoy the cool shade beneath rice plants taller than men and to see hybrid rice grown all over the world to help solve the ________ (globe) food shortage.
2．[2022·重庆调研]The world is ________ (current) trying to get back on its feet after dealing with the influence of the coronavirus pandemic.
3．[2022·安徽淮北一模]The lesson, ________ (main) aimed at young students from all over the world, began with a live broadcast that was from the orbiting China Space Station on Thursday afternoon.
4．[2022·辽宁沈阳质检]All ________ (taste) foods do this, but sugar has a particularly strong effect.
5．They are likely to respond ________ (positive) to the president's request for aid.
6．The girl used to be shy, but is ________ (gradual) getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself.
7．Hope is a good thing, maybe the ________ (good) of things, and no good thing ever dies.
8．I read some chapters from Harry Potter to my bored and ________ (noise) children.
9．The road has seen many traffic accidents. Thus you should be careful when driving along the road, ______ (particular) on rainy days.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
2020·全国卷Ⅰ 应用文 180词 ★★☆☆☆
All customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding. For ticket information，please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.
While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled，there can be no guarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services.
Lost property (失物招领)
Call Lost Property on 13 16 17 during business hours for items lost on Queensland Rail services. The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7：30 am to 5：00 pm and is located (位于)at Roma Street station.
Public holidays
On public holidays, generally a Sunday timetable operates. On certain major event days，i.e. Australia Day, Anzac Day, sporting and cultural days, special additional services may operate. Christmas Day services operate to a Christmas Day timetable. Before travel please visit .au or call TransLink on 13 12 30 anytime.
Customers using mobility devices
Many stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms. For assistance, please call Queensland Rail on 13 16 17.
Guardian trains (outbound)
Depart Origin Destination Arrive
6：42 pm Altandi Varsity Lakes 7：37 pm
7：29 pm Central Varsity Lakes 8：52 pm
8：57 pm Fortitude Valley Varsity Lakes 9：52 pm
11：02 pm Roma Street Varsity Lakes 12：22 am
1.What would you do to get ticket information
A．Call 13 16 17.
B．Visit .au.
C．Ask at the local station.
D．Check the train schedule.
2．At which station can you find the lost property office
A．Altandi. B．Roma Street.
C．Varsity Lakes. D．Fortitude Valley.
3．Which train would you take if you go from Central to Varsity Lakes
A．6：42 pm. B．7：29 pm.
C．8：57 pm. D．11：02 pm.
B
2022·吉林长春期初 记叙文 293词 ★★★☆☆
American track and field athlete Jacqueline Joyner Kersee once said, “Age is no barrier. It's a limitation you put on your mind.” And 52 year old Indian Lakyntiew Syiemlieh stands as evidence for this saying. She recently cleared her Class 12 board exams. Lakyntiew, who has four children and two grandchildren, decided to go after her higher secondary education over three decades after dropping out of school. Earlier this year, she was one of the 24，267 students who prepared for the state board's Higher Secondary School Leaving Certificate (HSSLC) exam. Lakyntiew took part in the exams for the arts and had chosen subjects like Khasi, English, Political Science, Economics, and Education as her areas of specialization.
On July 13, 2020, when the results were announced, she was excited. “Though I only got the third division, my children were still so excited that they started shouting, hugging, and kissing me when the results were declared，” said Lakyntiew.
In fact, the grandmother of two has expressed her interest in pursuing higher studies in the field of local language. Lakyntiew took a distance education course offered by a university in 2015. She stopped going to school when young because mathematics was too difficult for her to understand. She was offered a job to teach in a preschool in 2008, and that was the beginning of her love for relearning.
Her being the oldest student in the class, most of Lakyntiew's classmates called her “Mei”， which means “mother” in the local language. Besides concentrating on studies, she also participated in after class activities like field trips, dance competitions, and singing contests.
Age is not a problem when one is in search of education. Lakyntiew Syiemlieh is an example for everybody, and especially for those who give up studies midway.
4．When did Lakyntiew probably drop out of school
A．In 1968. B．In 1988.
C．In 2008. D．In 1998.
5．Which can best describe Lakyntiew's performance at school
A．Outstanding. B．Reasonable.
C．Independent. D．Active.
6．Which of the following caused Lakyntiew to stop going to school
A．She had too much difficulty in learning one subject.
B．Her family was too poor to afford her education.
C．She had many children to raise and had no time to study.
D．She was offered so good a job that she couldn't refuse.
7．What can we learn from Lakyntiew's story
A．Many hands make light work.
B．Education is the key to success.
C．Live and learn.
D．Hard work pays off.
黄金考点
语法填空——时态、语态
考点20 根据上下文时态确定时态
考例 True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal ________ (mean) me no real harm. He was just saying: “I'm king of this forest, and here is your reminder！”
点拨 根据上下文语境可知，此处描述的是过去发生的行为，要用一般过去时， 故填meant。
考点21 根据时间状语确定时态
考例 Since 2011, the country ________ (grow) more corn than rice.
点拨 根据时间状语“since 2011”可知，此处要用现在完成时，且主语为the country，故应填has grown。
考点22 根据语意、主谓关系确定语态
考例 The artist was sure he would ________ (choose)．
点拨 句意：这位画家确信自己会被选中。空处是谓语动词，与主语he之间是被动关系。且情态动词would后跟动词原形。故填be chosen。练习17　七选五＋完形填空＋应用文写作
Ⅰ.七选五
2022·广东惠州调研 记叙文 293词 ★★★☆☆
Do you find it easy to start books but struggle to finish them Does your TBR (to be read) list overwhelm you
This happened to me in February. I had 10 books on my currently reading list. Despite this, I was tempted to start a new book every three to four days. __1__. But this time, I figured the problem was with me and not with the books I was reading. With so many half read books waiting to be finished, I was overwhelmed.
__2__. For this, I systematically created a framework that allowed me to finish four of these books in 10 days. Mind you, I did this with a 9 hour day job and some writing on the side too.
The first thing I did was declutter (清理) my TBR list. __3__. So I just picked books I wanted to finish and abandoned the rest. As hard as it seemed, dropping some books out of the reading list actually created a much needed space for me to focus on one book at a time and finish it.
Another way I tried was to avoid the SOS trap. SOS refers to people repeatedly leaving their current pursuits for a newer pursuit. It is easy to get carried with SOS in reading too. You're reading a book, and you spot another one you're tempted to start reading. __4__. To escape the reader's SOS trap, I committed myself to one book at a time before starting a new one.
I also used James Altucher's day analysis technique to analyze my day. With the help of a data usage app, I figured out how much time I spent unnecessarily on the web. __5__. By sticking to this routine, I finished a long pending book in three days.
A．This is exactly why our reading list piles up
B．Starting March, I decided to get back on track
C．I cut some of this time and devoted it to reading
D．It helped me focus and progress more efficiently
E．The sight of too many books on the list was overwhelming
F．To start again, I searched the Internet for professional advice
G．Sometimes the book itself is so boring that I struggle to finish it
Ⅱ.完形填空
2022·济南3月模拟 记叙文 253词 ★★☆☆☆
The Adams family home has been taken over by origami (折纸) in all sizes and shapes. No one seems to __1__， though. Those paper creations are __2__ clean water projects around the world and saving lives. A messy home is a small price to pay __3__.
In 2011, Isabelle Adams and her sister Katherine learned that every five seconds, a child died from __4__ of clean water and that girls of their age couldn't go to school __5__ they were fetching water all day for their families. They __6__ to do something.
“So we took something that we loved doing—folding origami, with the __7__ goal to help fund a well in Ethiopia，” explains Katherine. __8__， they ended up selling out and raising far more than that to fully __9__ the cost of the well.
Katherine, now 13, adds, “It just snowballed, __10__ the founding of the project Paper for Water.” In eight years, this project has __11__ more than 2 million for over 200 water projects in 20 different countries.
Now, the rest of the Adams family are also __12__. But at the heart of it, beneath countless paper decorations sit two bold sisters hoping to __13__ other girls and boys. “Kids have an incredible ability to make a real __14__ to the world if they're just given the chance，” Isabelle says, “and if people __15__ them in their efforts.”
1．A.mind B．notice
C．appreciate D．remember
2．A.decorating B．rewarding
C．attracting D．funding
3．A.in exchange B．in turn
C．in terms D．in response
4．A.pollution B．loss
C．lack D．waste
5．A.although B．because
C．unless D．while
6．A.hesitated B．decided
C．happened D．demanded
7．A.lifelong B．individual
C．original D．critical
8．A.Obviously B．Unexpectedly
C．Suddenly D．Gradually
9．A.spend B．fill
C．offer D．cover
10．A.trying out B．depending on
C．contributing to D．appealing to
11．A.saved B．borrowed
C．earned D．collected
12．A.involved B．praised
C．recognized D．employed
13．A.satisfy B．inspire
C．inform D．comfort
14．A.judgment B．sense
C．difference D．connection
15．A.support B．persuade
C．welcome D．award
Ⅲ.应用文写作
[2022·潍坊市高三期末]假定你是李华，你的英国笔友David来邮件想了解你们学校近期举行万米接力赛的情况。请给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1．比赛目的；
2．时间和地点；
3．过程及意义。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结束语已为你写好。
Dear David，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours，
Li Hua
黄金考点
语法填空——状语从句
考点25 根据语意和从句中所缺句子成分确定状语从句的连词(1)
考例 ________ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river.
点拨 此处是一个状语从句。结合句意和两句之间的逻辑关系，应填表示“当……时”的词as或when才符合语境。故填When或As。
考点26 根据语意和从句中所缺句子成分确定状语从句的连词(2)
考例 However, most scientists regard it as nothing more than a legend________ there is a lack of concrete evidence.
点拨 科学家认为这只是一个神话，因为缺少证据。该句前后是因果关系，故填because。练习39　语法填空＋阅读理解
　
Ⅰ.语法填空
2022·河北邢台联考 说明文 234词 ★★★☆☆
China has uncovered a new high speed bullet train 1.________ (design) for extremely cold climates. The CR400AF G train can operate at speeds of up to 350 kilometers per hour (217 mph) in temperatures as low as －40 ℃. It is part of the Fuxing series of high speed electric trains developed 2.________ operated by the state owned China State Railway Group Company, Ltd. The train, rolled out in Beijing on January 6, will run on a new high speed line 3.________ (connect) the capital with northeastern destinations including Shenyang and Harbin—the latter of which is famous for 4.________ (it) annual snow and ice festival. The train also 5.________ (feature) a streamlined low resistance design to help decrease energy consumption, and a lightweight body.
In a report 6.________ the state owned newspaper China Daily, Zhou Song, director of the China Railway Beijing Group's bullet train center in Chaoyang district, offered an analogy (类比) to explain the new train's braking system, “If the train stops in Harbin, one of China's 7.________ (cold) cities, for an hour, because of the extremely cold weather, the braking system can 8.________ (easy) freeze if it stops moving for a while. The new system will enable the brakes to move from time to time even if the train stops, like a person who stamps his feet 9.________ (keep) warm in cold weather.”
Today, China is home to the world's largest high speed rail network, 10.________ spreads over 37，000 kilometers.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
2021·全国乙卷 说明文 325词 ★★★★☆
During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer said something I still think about often. Annoyed by the level of distraction (干扰) in his open office, he said, “That's why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street—so I can focus.” His comment struck me as strange. After all, coworking spaces also typically use an open office layout (布局). But I recently came across a study that shows why his approach works.
The researchers examined various levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking. They were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to various noise levels in the background, from total silence to 50 decibels (分贝), 70 decibels, and 85 decibels. The differences between most of the groups were statistically insignificant; however，the participants in the 70 decibels group—those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop—significantly outperformed the other groups. Since the effects were small, this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise.
But since the results at 70 decibels were significant, the study also suggests that the right level of background noise—not too loud and not total silence—may actually improve one's creative thinking ability. The right level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our imaginations to wander, without making it impossible to focus. This kind of “distracted focus” appears to be the best state for working on creative tasks.
So why do so many of us hate our open offices The problem may be that, in our offices, we can't stop ourselves from getting drawn into others' conversations while we're trying to focus. Indeed, the researchers found that face to face interactions and conversations affect the creative process, and yet a coworking space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also providing freedom from interruptions.
1．Why does the interviewer prefer a coworking space
A．It helps him concentrate.　　　　　　　　
B．It blocks out background noise.
C．It has a pleasant atmosphere.
D．It encourages face to face interactions.
2．Which level of background noise may promote creative thinking ability
A．Total silence. B．50 decibels.
C．70 decibels. D．85 decibels.
3．What makes an open office unwelcome to many people
A．Personal privacy unprotected.
B．Limited working space.
C．Restrictions on group discussion.
D．Constant interruptions.
4．What can we infer about the author from the text
A．He's a news reporter.
B．He's an office manager.
C．He's a professional designer.
D．He's a published writer.
B
2022·湖北七校联考 议论文 325词 ★★★☆☆
Standing in my office 25 years ago was an unknown, newly rising astronomer with a half smile on her face. She had come with a demand that my team change our tested software to make one of our most important and in demand scientific instruments do something it had never been designed for, and risk breaking it down. All to carry out an experiment that was basically a waste of time and couldn't be done—to prove that a massive black hole hid at the center of our Milky Way.
My initial “no way” gradually gave way in the face of her cheerful but firm determination. It was my first encounter with a force of nature, Andrea Ghez, one of three winners of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 2020. That determination and the willingness to take calculated risks has always characterized Andrea. For 25 years she has focused almost only on Sagittarius A—the name of our own local super massive black hole. And Andrea is one of the great pioneers in this search without question.
Andrea did her work at the W．M. Keck Observatory's twin telescopes on Maunakea, Hawaii. She started using the very first instrument licensed on Keck Observatory's Near Infrared Camera (NIRC). NIRC was never designed to do what Andrea needed but she was not to be denied. And it worked! It was extremely hard and time consuming to make sense of the data, but Andrea persisted.
As Andrea would be the very first to acknowledge, this victory represents the combined efforts of so many. But actually one person had the idea for the research. One person had the chutzpah (无所顾忌) to propose it and one person had the determination and focus to make it happen, not discouraged by all who said it was a waste of time. That person is Andrea Ghez, winner of the 2020 Nobel Prize for Physics.
5．What did the author think of Andrea Ghez's request at first
A．It's demanding. B．It's interesting.
C．It's acceptable. D．It's meaningless.
6．What do we learn about Andrea Ghez's research from Paragraph 2
A．It takes decades of efforts.
B．It deals with power of nature.
C．It's a purely individual project.
D．It's about measurement of a hole.
7．Which of the following best describes Andrea Ghez's work in Hawaii
A．Dangerous. B．Pleasant.
C．Challenging. D．Fruitless.
8．What do we learn from Andrea Ghez's success
A．It is rewarding to cooperate.
B．The old methods still work today.
C．It pays to put theory into practice.
D．Persistence leads to success.
答题策略
语法填空——名词
名词题的解题步骤
例题 Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia's biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top________ (attract)．
步骤 ① 根据空白处所填词在句中的成分或作定语的限定词判断是否该填名词(多考查名词在句中作主语、宾语、表语，名词还可以作同位语、宾语补足语和状语)
② 结合句意确定选择何种名词形式
③ 确定名词的数
答案 attraction 所填词在句中作表语，并且有物主代词its修饰，故应用其名词形式。结合句意，应填attraction练习12　阅读理解＋概要写作
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
2022·天津期中改编 议论文 320词 ★★★☆☆
In ancient Greek mythology, we learn about a young man named Narcissus. He was so beautiful that he fell in love with his own reflection. But soon he realized that what he loved was not real. As a result he became sad and died. In the place where he had stood appeared a yellow flower—a narcissus. This is where the word “narcissism” came from. Unfortunately, this word is often used negatively—it is usually used to mean being self centered and not caring about others.
However, part of the reason that narcissism carries these negative meanings is that many people admire themselves in an unhealthy way. But the truth is that good self love is necessary for our mental health, scientists say. A study shows that low self esteem is responsible for many social problems, and it can affect teenagers seriously. When they feel less confident and not as good as their classmates, teenagers are more likely to suffer from depression, according to the BBC.
Another reason that narcissism is considered an ugly thing is that we are taught that we should care more about others than ourselves and that it's better to give than to receive. But psychologists say that the love for others is actually based on self love—if you see yourself as an unpleasant stranger, how can you make friends with anyone else The best way to defeat a negative self image is to step back and build your pride. Make a list if you need, and record all of the great things you do every day. Think about how you are always there for your friends; how you help your classmates with their homework.
If you think you're weak because you can't finish a 1，500 meter run, get to the track and practice. If you think you're dull because you are not in fashion, buy a few new clothes. But remember, just because you think it,__it doesn't mean it's true.
The next time you look in the mirror, try to tell yourself that you are one of a kind. Pick out your best qualities and be proud of yourself.
1．Why does narcissism often have a negative meaning
A．In ancient Greek mythology, Narcissus's story is sad.
B．Narcissism is a habit in which people unhealthily admire themselves.
C．Narcissism is responsible for many social problems.
D．Narcissism harms one's mental health.
2．What social problem is caused by low self esteem
A．Teenagers' physical and mental health is negatively affected.
B．Teenagers who don't like themselves are often ignored by teachers.
C．Teenagers are more likely to suffer from depression.
D．Teenagers often feel that they could have done better.
3．What does the word “it” refer to in the fourth paragraph
A．You can't finish a 1，500 meter run.
B．You are not in style.
C．You are weak or humorous.
D．You have a negative self image.
4．What is the main purpose of this text
A．To persuade people to stop being narcissistic.
B．To suggest that parents care about children's self image.
C．To advise people to look in the mirror and like themselves.
D．To encourage people to accept and love
themselves.
B
2022·广东深圳联考 议论文 340词 ★★★☆☆
Slowing down was the last thing on Elaine Schaefer's mind when she turned 70 last year. She'd enjoyed an ambitious travel schedule for the previous decade. She didn't feel too old to travel.
Yet many people are asking that slightly embarrassing question: Can you be too old to travel The travel industry has already responded. Try renting a car in Europe, for example, in Croatia, Schaefer wouldn't be able to this year, because the maximum age to rent a car is 70. Insurance companies require higher rates; tour operators limit certain activities. That feels like a “no” for many senior travelers.
Definitely some folks should think twice before traveling, but not only based on their age. It's their level of fitness, says Kirsten Veldman, a former tour guide who now edits a retirement blog. She recalls a 93 year old who was disabled and traveling alone on a Caribbean tour. “You can't expect to ask a tour leader to be there for you 24/7 for medical care，” she says. “Tour guides don't have the time, skills, and knowledge for it. So, in this case, my advice is: he shouldn't have traveled with us in this situation.”
But some tour operators serve older travelers. For example, Grand Circle Travel started in 1958 to serve senior members. “We have travelers in their 80s and even 90s. Some travel in groups and some alone，” says company spokeswoman Ann Shannon. “We have no age limit.”
If you ask travel experts, they'll tell you that age is just a number. It's a question of physical and to a certain extent, mental ability. “Many of our travelers are retired, focused on keeping their good health, and are experienced travelers who have a good idea of what to expect，” says Sara Baer Sinnott, president of Oldways, a food and nutrition not for profit that operates tours. “Someone in their 40s may struggle more than someone in their 80s.”
5．What is expected if Schaefer travels in Croatia this year
A．She can rent a car to go around.
B．She has to pay more insurance fees.
C．She can join in all kinds of activities.
D．She will receive 24/7 medical care.
6．What caused Veldman to disapprove of the 93 year old's traveling
A．His old age.
B．His lack of money.
C．His poor health.
D．His insociable personality.
7．What do we know about Grand Circle Travel
A．It is a non profit traveling organization.
B．It offers service to a wide range of travelers.
C．It has a history of more than seven decades.
D．Its main customers are senior travelers.
8．What is the author's attitude toward senior traveling
A．Opposed. B．Supportive.
C．Tolerant. D．Objective.
Ⅱ.概要写作
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
[2022·金华十校4月模拟]Architects have long had the feeling that the places we live in can affect our thoughts, feelings and behaviors. But now scientists are giving this feeling an empirical (实证的) basis. They are discovering how to design space that promotes creativity, keeps people focused and leads to relaxation.
Researches show that aspects of the physical environment can influence creativity. In 2007, Joan Meyers Levy at the University of Minnesota, reported that the height of a room's ceiling affects how people think. Her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more freely, which may lead them to make more abstract connections. Lower ceilings, on the other hand, may inspire a more detailed outlook.
In addition to ceiling height, the view afforded by a building may influence a person's ability to concentrate. Nancy Wells and her colleagues at Cornell University found in their study that kids who experienced the greatest increase in greenness as a result of a family move made the most gains in a standard test of attention. According to another study at the University of Georgia, using nature to improve the focus of attention seems to pay off academically. They found that students in classrooms with unblocked views of at least 50 feet outside the window had higher scores in tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than those students whose classrooms primarily overlooked roads and parking lots.
A recent study on room lighting design suggests that dim (暗淡的) light helps people to loosen up. If that is true generally, keeping the light low during dinner or at parties could increase relaxation. Researchers of Harvard Medical School also discovered that furniture with rounded edges could help visitors relax.
So far scientists have focused mainly on public buildings. “We have a very limited number of studies, so we're almost looking at the problem through a straw，” architect David Allison says. “How do you take answers to very specific questions and make broad, generalized use of them That's what we're all struggling with.”
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练习13　阅读理解＋读后续写
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
2022·辽宁沈阳一模 说明文 310词 ★★★☆☆
The following are the essential and sustainable (可持续的) sites to see in 2021. Grab your bags and go!
●Magdalen Island, Canada
Why go now：See a beautiful but decreasing world of ice—and the harp seals that depend on it.
What to know：The baby seals are born on the ice in late February and early March.The young seals are one of the most attractive creatures on the planet.
When to go: February—March
How to go：Live aboard boat expeditions offer the luxury of time with the seals above and below the sea ice.
●Abu Simbel, Egypt
Why go now: Enjoy a private audience with Ramses Ⅱ.
What to know：Abu Simbel is deep in the south of Egypt near its border with Sudan. The temples are archaeological treasures and wonders of modern engineering. Buried by sand for thousands of years, the towering landmarks were unearthed by archaeologists in 1813 and saved from the rising waters of Lake Nasser.
When to go: February—March
How to go: A good way to experience Abu Simbel is as part of a Nile cruise.
●Fort Kochi, India
Why go now: Track artful trends in creative Kerala.
What to know: It is gaining notice as a new arts center. The four month long Kochi Miseries Biennale is the largest event of its kind in South Asia. Launched in 2012, the Biennale shows contemporary international, Indian, and cross cultural visual art and experiences.
When to go: December—April
●Zakouma National Park, Chad
Why go now: Support an African elephant reserve.
What to know: Zakouma National Park is home to a rapidly growing African elephant population—some 559 in 2019 and a thousand expected by 2024. The park's location, in southeastern Chad, one of the world's least visited countries, makes Zakouma a best kept secret—one worth sharing to help ensure its continued success.
When to go: March—April
1．What attracts tourists in Magdalen Island most
A．Waters. B．Fishing.
C．Seals. D．Expeditions.
2．Who might show great interest in Fort Kochi
A．History lovers. B．Art lovers.
C．Photographers. D．Designers.
3．Why has Zakouma National Park been well protected
A．People there are poor.
B．Measures are proper.
C．Tourists are fewer.
D．Laws play an important role.
B
2022·河北保定摸底 议论文 329词 ★★★☆☆
“I'll be there in a few minutes. I'm playing a game with a friend, a guy named Scuzball，” my 15 year old son shouted from his room. “Oh, what is Scuzball's real name？” I asked. “I have no idea，” he said. “Where is he from？” I continued. He responded, “I think somewhere in Canada. Oh, wait, it doesn't even matter because Scuzball just left the game and he has been replaced with a robot.”
“Your friend is replaced by artificial intelligence？” “It doesn't matter, Dad. It happens all the time! The game continues.” My son doesn't mind playing with a person or a robot, which is typical of gamers these days. I wonder whether the face to face experience of friendship that I grew up with will be lost.
Aristotle, a great thinker and educator, has pointed out that shallow friendship is easily formed but also easily abandoned because such bonds are fragile. Deep friendship, by contrast, is when you care for your friend for his sake, not for any benefit you can get. This is selfless friendship. You can have only a couple of these friends because they require lots of time and effort. You must make sacrifices for each other.
True friendship requires “being with” and “doing for”. Perhaps the most defining feature of deep friendship is “doing for”， as my friend has my back when I'm in trouble or brings me soup when I'm sick. Only strong bonds have the power to motivate real sacrifices. But it is unclear why online “friends” would not bother to do the hard work of friendship. When I asked my students whether they had people in their lives who would bring them soup when they were sick, they laughed at my Stone Age question and said they'd just order soup online.
Digital life fills and absorbs waking life time so that people do not join in typical activities of friendship, like sports, collective arts, free range childhoods, etc. In this way, digital lies produce false friendships.
4．How does the author lead in the topic of the text
A．By quoting mottos.
B．By presenting a conversation.
C．By introducing a game.
D．By showing robots' storage data.
5．What does the author mainly explain in Paragraph 3
A．Selfish friendship.
B．Selfless sacrifices in life.
C．The formation of shallow friendship.
D．The meaning of deep friendship.
6．What does the author want to tell his students in Paragraph 4
A．Strong bonds are formed easily.
B．Ordering food online is convenient.
C．Robots will have our back.
D．Virtual friends won't make real sacrifices.
7．What is the text mainly about
A．Digitalized friendship.
B．The benefits of digital life.
C．Face to face communication.
D．The sacrifices of online friends.
Ⅱ.读后续写
[2022·青岛市高三练习诊断]阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One spring morning many years ago, I had been prospecting for gold along Coho Creek. As I emerged from a forest, I froze in my tracks. No more than 20 paces away in the bog (沼泽) was a huge Alaskan timber wolf—caught in one of Trapper George's traps.
Old George had died the previous week of a heart attack, so the wolf was lucky. Confused and frightened at my approach, the wolf backed away, pulling hard on the trap chain. Then I noticed something else: It was a female, and her teats (奶头) were full of milk. Somewhere there was a den (窝) of hungry pups waiting for their mother.
From her appearance, I guessed that she had been trapped only a few days. That meant her pups were probably still alive. But I suspected that if I tried to release the wolf, she would turn aggressive and try to tear me to pieces.
So I decided to search for her pups instead and began to look for incoming tracks that might lead me to her den. Fortunately, there were still a few remaining patches of snow.
The tracks led a half mile through the forest, and I finally spotted the den. There wasn't a sound inside. Wolf pups are shy and cautious，and I didn't have much hope of tricking them outside. But I had to try. So I began copying the squeak (吱吱声) of a mother wolf calling her young. No response. A few moments later, after I tried again, four tiny pups appeared. I extended my hands, and they tentatively (试探性地) sucked at my fingers. Perhaps hunger had helped overcome their natural fear. Then, one by one, I placed them in a bag and headed back.
When the mother wolf spotted me, she stood straight. Possibly picking up the scent (气味) of her young, she let out a sorrow stricken cry. I released the pups, and they raced to her. Within seconds, they were slurping (出声地吃) at her belly.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
What next I wondered.
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Four years later, I returned to Coho Creek.
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________________________________________________________________________练习29　语法填空＋七选五＋完形填空
Ⅰ.语法填空
2022·新高考Ⅰ卷 说明文 210词 ★★☆☆☆
The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park (GPNP). 1.________ (cover) an area about three times 2.________ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that 3.________ (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority 4.________ (increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
After a three year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP 5.________ (design) to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, 6.________ leaving behind precious natural assets (资产) for future generations”. The GPNP's main goal is to improve connectivity between separate 7.________ (population) and homes of giant pandas, and 8.________ (eventual) achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
Giant pandas also serve 9.________ an umbrella species (物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species 10.________ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
Ⅱ.七选五
名师原创题 说明文 320词 ★★☆☆☆
Life can be challenging for teens. They must deal with schoolwork, family life and friends at the same time to fit. Feeling of sadness, frustration ancl irritability (易怒) are common. __1__ Their negative feelings don't come and go. Instead, those intense feelings can point to a disease called depression—one that may require treatment.
It's easy to think that depressed people simply feel sad or hopeless. For many teens that may be true. __2__ Some kids withdraw from friends and family. Others respond with angry outbursts. Some teens may skip school or stop eating or sleeping. Teachers, parents or even a teen's close friends may find it hard to tell whether these behaviors are just part of being a teen or signs of something truly serious.
Even depressed teens may not realize they have this problem. __3__ More than three million Americans between the ages of 12 and 17 experienced depression in 2019. However, a study by researchers at Harvard and Yale universities found that half of all teens with depression don't get help until they become adults. And only one in three will have been diagnosed by their doctor.
__4__ “I can only work with what you give me，” Dee says, the mental－health professional in Lincoln, Neb.
Dee says, peers should also seek for signs of depression. Keep an eye on your friends, she recommends. Watch for symptoms of isolation (孤立) or hopelessness. __5__ Any of these behaviors could be a symptom of depression.
Overall, knowing who and how to help is essential for successfully treating depression in teens.
A．And the rate of those affected is high.
B．Some may start abusing alcohol or drugs.
C．Teens should be honest with their answers.
D．The problem is that depression in teens can be hard to spot.
E．There is a link between mental illness and suicide in teens.
F．But for some teens, those emotions take a more extreme turn.
G．Even skipping classes can be a sign that something serious is going on.
Ⅲ.完形填空
2020·新高考Ⅰ卷 记叙文 298词 ★★☆☆☆
Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second __1__. He learned the value and beauty of __2__ there from a very young age.
When he was 16, Molai began to notice something __3__ happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the __4__ it caused had driven away a number of birds. __5__， the number of snakes had declined as well. He __6__ that it was because there weren't enough trees to protect them from the __7__. The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek __8__ during the daytime. He turned to the __9__ department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and __10__ a nearby island where he began to plant trees.
__11__ young plants in the dry season was __12__ for a lone boy. Molai built at the __13__ of each sapling (幼树) a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to __14__ rainwater. The water would then drip (滴落) on the plants below.
Molai __15__ to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1，360 acres of naturally grown land that has become home to many plants and animals.
1．A.dream B．job
C．home D．choice
2．A.nature B．youth
C．culture D．knowledge
3．A.precious B．interesting
C．disturbing D．awkward
4．A.waste B．tension
C．pain D．damage
5．A.Besides B．However
C．Therefore D．Otherwise
6．A.agreed B．realized
C．remembered D．predicted
7．A.noise B．heat
C．disease D．dust
8．A.directions B．partners
C．help D．shelter
9．A.labor B．police
C．forest D．finance
10．A.rebuilt B．discovered
C．left D．managed
11．A.Decorating B．Observing
C．Watering D．Guarding
12．A.tough B．illegal
C．fantastic D．beneficial
13．A.back B．top
C．foot D．side
14．A.cool down B．keep off
C．purify D．collect
15．A.returned B．learned
C．failed D．continued
黄金考点
语法填空——非谓语动词
考点42 不能把不定式符号to误用作介词
考例 As a kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked ________ (watch) them, my parents would not let me.
点拨 ask to do sth.“请求去做某事”，此处是不定式， 故应填to watch。
考点43 注意不定式符号to的遗漏
考例 I tell my mom that if we're forced ________ (eat) things, we may become ill.
点拨 force sb. to do sth. “强迫某人去做某事”，为固定搭配，其被动形式为(sb.) be forced to do sth.，故应填to eat。
练习30　阅读理解＋应用文写作
　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
2022·三明一中月考 说明文 333词 ★★☆☆☆
Google's new camera, called Clips, is a small, smart device. It comes with a case that has a clip (夹子), but it's not designed to be worn on your clothing. Most interestingly, it uses artificial intelligence to take photography out of your hands so it can capture moments on its own.
This roughly 2 inch by 2 inch camera, with a three hour battery life and Gorilla Glass for toughness, is intended for candid moments, like when a child does something cute that may happen too quickly for you to pull out your smartphone.
Onboard the Clips device, it uses machine learning algorithms (计算程序) to help capture scenes. Those algorithms include face recognition. “Once it learns that there's a face you see frequently, it'll try to get nice photos of those faces，” said Juston Payne, the device's product manager. And they also want it to recognize facial expressions, which involved “training it to know what happiness looks like”. The Google team also trained it to recognize what not to shoot like when a child's hand is over the lens, or if it is tossed in a dark purse.
The only way to see the images is by connecting the camera with your phone, as it has no screen for viewing or editing.
Were people concerned it could seem strange Yes, Payne admitted. But they said they addressed that by making it obvious what it is. A green light on the front signals that it is on. Besides, unlike a camera meant to monitor your home, it is not connected to the Internet.
“This product is only possible because of the way that silicon has advanced，” Payne said, noting that it was only in the past year or so that they could squeeze the technology down into a device this size. Going forward, we're likely to get more assistance from the artificial intelligence packed into our apps and gadgets.
1．What is the most outstanding feature of Clips
A．It is equipped with tough glass.
B．It enables easy Internet access.
C．It allows of hands free photography.
D．It can be worn on your clothing.
2．What does the underlined word “candid” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Brief. B．Touching.
C．Unforgettable. D．Embarrassing.
3．What makes Clips a reality according to Juston Payne
A．The popularity of the Internet.
B．The advance in technology.
C．The rise of the smartphone industry.
D．The reduction in the price of lens.
4．What is the best title for the text
A．A New Digital Camera from Google.
B．New Gadgets in the Age of Apps.
C．Artificial Intelligence in Everyday Life.
D．An Alternative Way to Photograph.
B
2022·牡丹江月考 议论文 298词 ★★☆☆☆
Most of us will be familiar with the traditional talent show set up: thousands of hopefuls line up outside the audition (试音) room, wait for hours to go in and perform for a group of judges. Then these potential pop stars could be lucky and get through to the next round, or they might hear the command, “Sorry, it's a no from me.” But what do the judges actually bring to a talent show
Music talent show judges attract millions of viewers each week to their programs. As public figures, they play an important part in advertising campaigns for these programs. They often receive high salaries and can be moody. Are they really worth the expenses and difficulties that they can cause One solution might be to replace them with computers.
Can computers really match human judges Scientist Dr Nick Collins and his team at the University of Sussex think they can. Dr Collins has been working on a project that involves programming three computerized judges that he says would be far more consistent in their judgment of musical performances. Employing a special programming language, Dr Collins's digital judges can be trained up by “listening” to particular musical styles. After they have been listening for a while, the programming language allows these judges to spot the specific features of the music, including the voice quality, the rhythm etc. Collins says, “The judges' listening capacity is not yet as good as a human ear, but they won't be as moody as some human reality TV show judges.”
Maybe that is the problem with this electronic musical innovation. Real human judges on talent shows interest us with their personality, decisions and catchy phrases. Will a computer program be able to do the same
5．The arrangements of the traditional talent show are described in Paragraph 1 to ________．
A．find out more potential pop stars
B．show the popularity of the talent show
C．make people familiar with the talent show
D．bring up the topic of talent show judges
6．What is the key message conveyed in Paragraph 2
A．Music talent shows are very competitive.
B．Music talent shows cost too much money.
C．There are some problems with talent show judges.
D．There are too many advertisements in talent show programs.
7．How does Collins think about his computerized Judges
A．They can listen as well as human ears.
B．They will be welcomed by the public.
C．They will be perfect for any talent show.
D．They can judge more fairly than human judges.
8．What's the author 's opinion about replacing real human judges with computerized ones
A．Doubtful B．Interested
C．Satisfied D．Optimistic
Ⅱ.应用文写作
[2022·济南外国语学校模拟]假定你是李华。下个周将有一个来自美国的学生代表团访问你校，学校向全校学生招募形象大使，参与接待来访的美国学生。你写信申请，内容包括：
1．希望成为形象大使；
2．介绍自己的优势(英语口语，性格等)；
3．对形象大使的认识。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯；
3．形象大使：Goodwill Ambassador
Dear Sir，
I'm Li Hua.
_______________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua练习44　语法填空＋七选五＋完形填空
Ⅰ.语法填空
2022·湖南长沙月考 说明文 229词 ★★★☆☆
You may often tell white lies to your child. For example, this sentence—“I've got Santa on the phone and he says he's not coming unless you go to bed now”—is particularly 1.________ (use) during the Christmas season.
White lies can seem like nothing: just another tool to improve your child's behavior. But don't get too 2.________ (attach) to the technique—telling too many white lies to your child may have more far reaching consequences than you might have hoped.
To examine the impact of parental lying, researchers in Singapore gave 379 children online 3.________ (questionnaire). The results suggested that those 4.________ parents had lied more were now more likely to lie to their own parents—by being lied to, in other words, it seemed that they had started to believe being dishonest 5.________ (be) morally acceptable.
Additionally, if parents are constantly lying to their children, there may potentially be other underlying relational issues 6.________ (contribute) to problems in adolescence and adulthood. Yes, misleading children might not help their 7.________ (develop), but there may also be deeper problems that are responsible 8.________ their difficulties with attention or behavior.
So, next time you think about telling 9.________ you see as a harmless white lie to keep your child quiet or get them into bed, think again. It may save you some time—but, in the long run, it's 10.________ (probable) not worth it.
Ⅱ.七选五
2022·安徽师大月考 议论文 220词 ★★★☆☆
With the development of technology and economy, social media is becoming one of the fastest growing industries in today's world. A study conducted by the US Pew Research Center showed that 92 percent of teenagers go online daily. __1__
Changing relationships
High school student Elly Cooper from Illinois said social media often reduces face to face communication. “It makes face to face relationships harder because of people's attention given to their phones instead of their friends，” Cooper said.
__2__ Beth Kaplan from Illinois met her long distance friend through social media. He currently lives in Scotland, but they're still able to frequently communicate with each other. “I can feel close to someone that I'm talking to via FaceTime，” Kaplan said.
Wanting to be “liked”
__3__ The 19 year old Essena O'Neill announced on the social networking service Instagram that she was emitting social media because it made her unable to stop thinking about appearing perfect online. __4__ Teenagers who get negative comments can't help but feel hurt.
__5__
However, Armin Korsos, a student from Illinois, takes advantage of the comments he receives over social media to improve his videos on the social networking site YouTube. “Social media can help people show themselves and their talents to the world in a way that has never been possible before，” Korsos said.
A．Opening new doors.
B．Teenagers' attitude toward social media.
C．However, the social media is beneficial to long distance friends.
D．The rise of social media has changed the way teenagers see themselves.
E．Negative comments can also do great damage to a teenager's self respect.
F．The wide spread of social media has changed nearly all parts of teenagers' lives.
G．Yet, some think with social media, it's easier to start relationships with anyone from anywhere.
Ⅲ.完形填空
2022·广东惠州调研 记叙文 268词 ★★★☆☆
The e mail request came in to Ekiben, a restaurant in Baltimore, late on a Thursday afternoon. Brandon was writing on behalf of his mother in law, Rina, a(n) __1__ customer of the restaurant. For the past six years, every time she visited Baltimore, the first place she wanted to go was Ekiben so she could order that one dish—broccoli tempura (西兰花天妇罗). Brandon __2__ she was now in the final stages of lung cancer at her home in Vermont and that he was hoping to get the __3__ to make it for her there.
Steve Chu, one of the restaurant's co workers, read the e mail and quickly replied with an alternative __4__. He wrote, “We'd like to make it __5__ for you in Vermont.”
That Friday after work, Chu __6__ his truck with a hot plate and some cooking facilities filled with ingredients and then headed for Vermont with his two __7__. They stayed overnight in an Airbnb rental and __8__ the next day to Vermont.
On their arrival, they __9__ the gate of the truck, hooked (钩住) the hot plate to the truck's power port, and started __10__. They also made tofu with peanut sauce and fresh herbs. After neatly __11__ everything up, they knocked on their customer's door. As soon as Rina opened the door, she __12__ the fragrance.
Brandon said his mother in law was so __13__ to enjoy her beloved broccoli tempura with a side order of remarkable __14__ one last time.
“It was an honor to help fulfill the family's __15__.” Chu said.
1．A.aged B．formal
C．enthusiastic D．regular
2．A.recalled B．concluded
C．explained D．complained
3．A.list B．brochure
C．recipe D．menu
4．A.order B．blessing
C．donation D．suggestion
5．A.soft B．fresh
C．cool D．safe
6．A.supplied B．decorated
C．fixed D．loaded
7．A.neighbors B．partners
C．customers D．drivers
8．A.returned B．rode
C．drove D．changed
9．A.threw away B．pulled down
C．broke through D．looked over
10．A.cooking B．advertising
C．exhibiting D．experimenting
11．A.cutting B．rolling
C．boxing D．cleaning
12．A.recognized B．followed
C．checked D．guessed
13．A.encouraged B．touched
C．shocked D．amused
14．A.kindness B．gratitude
C．cure D．assistance
15．A.ambition B．potential
C．promise D．wish
答题策略
语法填空——定语从句
定语从句题的解题步骤(2)
例题 Everyone has his dreams, but not all these dreams can come true. Those________ dreams become true have at least one thing in common, that is, they always hold on to their dreams.
步骤 ① 确定先行词Those 指人，从who/that，whom，whose中选择
② 确定所填词在从句中作定语，修饰dreams，故用whose引导定语从句
答案 whose 先行词Those指人，所填词在从句中作dreams的定语，故用关系代词whose引导定语从句练习5　单句语法填空＋七选五＋完形填空
　
Ⅰ.单句语法填空 (谓语动词Ⅰ)
1．[2022·湖南长沙雅礼中学期中]If you simply agree in arguments and discussions, you ________ (stand) out from the crowd.
2．[2022·江苏海门一诊]Usually the proverb “great minds think alike, but fools seldom differ” ________ (short) to “great minds think alike”．
3．[2022·广东茂名五校联盟联考]“The more the Chinese know Russians and the more Russians know the Chinese, the stronger our relations will be，” ________ (say) former Russian president Dmitry Medvedev in 2010.
4．[2022·四川乐山高中调研]It ________ (report) that 2019 saw more than 60，000 people visit the place.
5．Furthermore, the amount of sleep ________ (change) greatly over the past 15 years.
6．It ________ (grow) into a lifestyle choice of Chinese people using mobile payments throughout their daily activities so far.
7．There ________ (be) several steps before I got that special plastic card.
8．Previously, equipment for space experiments ________ (be) sent via the cargo spacecraft Tianzhou 1.
9．Tom could have finished all the work on his own, but he ________ (refer) to the teacher for help.
10．Unless some extra money ________ (find), the theatre will close.
Ⅱ.七选五
2022·全国甲卷 说明文 229词 ★★☆☆☆
Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. __1__. Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family—no matter where you are in the world.
Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you.__2__.
Hands or Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it's considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. __3__， instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
Making Requests
__4__. In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don't like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.
Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries. __5__， the more comfortable you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
A．The more friends you make in your lifetime
B．The more time you spend in any given country
C．Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D．Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E．It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F．Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G．It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
Ⅲ.完形填空
2022·八省联考 记叙文 285词 ★★☆☆☆
This happened when I was ten. On a normal Sunday, I went to the barber shop where I always went. That day, along with the barber there was an assistant, who had recently __1__ the shop.
So I sat for the haircut. The uncle asked me how __2__ I wanted it. I answered, “Just do as my dad had __3__ you the last time.”
He smiled. Before starting the __4__， he added, “What if I keep it long？”
I __5__ he was joking. So I joked too. I said, “I can't __6__ what would happen to your shop then！”
The moment I said it, the assistant __7__ from behind. “How dare do you say that! Who are you to take us down, eh？”
I admit I was too __8__ at that moment and the uncle standing beside me was giving me an __9__ look.
From that day on, I __10__ stopped joking about anyone's profession and works. It is one of the most __11__ incidents in my life, which taught me to __12__ the profession and works of a person, no matter how __13__ they are.
I'm __14__ that the assistant responded in a way that made me rethink the power of my words. Words do make a __15__.
1．A.left B．opened
C．joined D．visited
2.A.much B．long
C．often D．soon
3．A.instructed B．invited
C．promised D．convinced
4．A.discussion B．journey
C．training D．haircut
5．A.agreed B．heard
C．hoped D．knew
6．A.forget B．tolerate
C．guarantee D．understand
7．A.urged B．shouted
C．laughed D．helped
8．A.angry B．proud
C．scared D．curious
9．A.anxious B．appealing
C．encouraging D．awkward
10．A.suddenly B．completely
C．temporarily D．regularly
11．A.important B．exciting
C．strange D．interesting
12．A.learn B．enter
C．change D．respect
13．A.hard B．small
C．good D．complex
14．A.sorry B．confident
C．grateful D．embarrassed
15．A.difference B．mistake
C．choice D．joke
黄金考点
语法填空——并列连词
考点10 表示并列
考例 In much of Asia, especially the so called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea, ________________________________________________________________________ Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.
点拨 China, Japan, Korea与Vietnam之间是并列关系，并列连词用and。
考点11 表示转折
考例 Germs, which can't be found with your naked eyes, are everywhere. They are very tiny ________________________________________________________________________ you can still see them with a microscope.
点拨 与前一分句语义上存在转折，故应用并列连词but连接并列句。
练习6　单句语法填空＋阅读理解＋应用文写作
　
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(谓语动词Ⅱ)
1．[2022·浙江宁波镇海中学检测]A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr. Smith ________ (fall) in love with the people and culture here.
2．[2022·河南郑州外国语学校期中]In my younger years, my father gave me some advice that I ________ (turn) over in my mind ever since.
3．[2022·河北名校联盟联考]She survived but the fever left its permanent mark—she ________ (rob) of sight and hearing.
4．[2022·江苏泰兴期中调研]For years, the Administrative Institution of the Mogao Caves ________ (cooperate) with international counterparts to study conservation and site management.
5．The teacher has confidence in the naughty but clever boy and is sure that he ________ (admit) to a key university next year.
6．You can pick me up at my house at 7：30 pm. I ________ (wait) for you at that time.
7．No one can know in advance when an earthquake ________ (strike)．
8．The book which tells the story of a little fish who steals a hat from a big sleeping fish ________ (write) by the Canadian author Jon Klassen.
9．Henry goes to a free class every Sunday afternoon which ________ (start) at 4 pm.
10．—Lucy, why didn't you go to see the film with us at 7 pm yesterday
—Sorry, but I ________ (do) my homework.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
2022·新高考Ⅰ卷 说明文 293词 ★★☆☆☆
Human speech contains more than 2，000 different sounds, from the common “m” and “a” to the rare clicks of some southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more common than others A ground breaking, five year study shows that diet related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world's languages.
More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as “f” and “v”， were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose.
They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned (对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure (结构), making it easier to produce such sounds.
The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period. Food became easier to chew at this point. The jawbone didn't have to do as much work and so didn't grow to be so large.
Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age, with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years. These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter gatherer people today.
This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300，000 years ago. “The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution，” said Steven Moran, a member of the research team.
1．Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damián Blasi's research focus on
A．Its variety. B．Its distribution.
C．Its quantity. D．Its development.
2．Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals
A．They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth.
B．They could not open and close their lips easily.
C.Their jaws were not conveniently structured.
D.Their lower front teeth were not large enough.
3．What is paragraph 5 mainly about
A．Supporting evidence for the research results.
B．Potential application of the research findings.
C．A further explanation of the research methods.
D.A reasonable doubt about the research process.
4．What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds
A．It is key to effective communication.
B．It contributes much to cultural diversity.
C．It is a complex and dynamic system.
D．It drives the evolution of human beings.
B
2022·全国甲卷 说明文 300词 ★☆☆☆☆
As Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica, she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoo penguins (企鹅) longing to say hello. These gentle, lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick started what was to be a trip Ginni would never forget.
Ever since her childhood, Ginni, now 71, has had a deep love for travel. Throughout her career (职业) as a professional dancer, she toured in the UK, but always longed to explore further. When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest , she decided it was time to take__the__plunge．
After taking a degree at Chichester University in Related Arts, Ginni began to travel the world, eventually getting work teaching English in Japan and Chile. And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tierra del Fuego, the southernmost tip of the South American mainland.“I just decided I wanted to go，”she says.“I had no idea about what I'd find there and I wasn't nervous, I just wanted to do it. And I wanted to do it alone as I always prefer it that way.”
In March 2008, Ginni boarded a ship with 48 passengers she'd never met before, to begin the journey towards Antarctica. “From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises, the whole experience was amazing. Antarctica left an impression on me that no other place has，” Ginni says.“I remember the first time I saw a humpback whale; it just rose out of the water like some prehistoric creature and I thought it was smiling at us. You could still hear the operatic sounds it was making underwater.”
The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected by humans, was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni.
5．Which of the following best explains “take the plunge” underlined in Paragraph 2
A．Try challenging things.
B．Take a degree.
C．Bring back lost memories.
D．Stick to a promise.
6．What made Ginni decide on the trip to Antarctica
A.Lovely penguins. B．Beautiful scenery.
C．A discount fare. D．A friend's invitation.
7．What does Ginni think about Antarctica after the journey
A．It could be a home for her.
B．It should be easily accessible.
C．It should be well preserved.
D．It needs to be fully introduced.
8．What is the text mainly about
A．A childhood dream.
B．An unforgettable experience.
C．Sailing around the world.
D．Meeting animals in Antarctica.
Ⅲ.应用文写作
[2021·新高考Ⅰ卷]你校英文报Youth正在庆祝创刊十周年。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1．读报的经历；
2．喜爱的栏目；
3．期望和祝福。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Youth and Me
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________练习24　语法填空＋阅读理解＋应用文写作
Ⅰ.语法填空
2021·全国乙卷 记叙文 190词 ★★☆☆☆
Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact (影响) travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 1.________ (educate) about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the 2.________ (develop) of the local areas.
Ecotourism has 3.________ (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept 4.________ the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.
Due to 5.________ growing popularity of environmentally related and adventure travel, various types 6.________ trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco friendly trip must meet the following principles：
Minimize the impact of 7.________ (visit) the place.
Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.
Provide 8.________ (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.
Make sure that the tourism provides positive experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.
Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. 9.________ (activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim 10.________ (have) a low impact on the natural environment.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
2022·河南开封月考 记叙文 313词 ★★☆☆☆
I want to talk about a soldier. I saw him yesterday as my husband and I were enjoying a wonderful lunch in the cave like dining room of an old hotel.
It is hard to imagine being comfortable in a room that probably seats a thousand people, but the real magic of the place is its wonderful setting. Every corner is a wood and stone masterpiece, with high glass windows that look out to the huge cliffs of the valley.
A man entered with his family and took a seat. He wasn't in uniform, but he walked with the dignity of a soldier, and a slight limp (跛行). My suspicion was confirmed when he removed his hat and placed it on the table where I could see it. Embroidered (刺绣) on the cap were the words: “Iwo Jima Survivor”．
As they were waiting for lunch, the others were talking happily, and this gentleman was staring out of the window. He was content to be left out of the conversation and allowed to take in the wonderful and impressive view of the waterfall.
I watched him, and imagined how many horrors he had seen in the war. What losses did he suffer, and how many friends did he lose What he had witnessed should have given him a good reason to lose faith in the world. Yet this tired soldier was smiling at the sky, at the sun and the roar of the waterfall. Somehow, after everything, the world was still beautiful to him.
I walked over to him and said, “Excuse me, sir. I'm sorry to interrupt, but I saw your hat, and I just wanted to say thank you for serving.”
He looked up at me, surprised, and said proudly, “You're welcome, and thank you, too.”
I told him I would go home and tell my children about this experience that I'd met him.
1．What can we know about the place where the author enjoyed lunch
A．It was only open to people of the upper class.
B．It was once visited by many famous people.
C．It was attractive because of its beautiful surroundings.
D．It was modeled on scenes from American history.
2．What can we learn from the passage
A．The author at first thought the gentleman was famous.
B．The gentleman stood out because of his uniform.
C．The gentleman's family didn't like to talk with him.
D．The gentleman wasn't expecting the author to thank him.
3．What encouraged the author to talk to the soldier
A．The soldier's disability.
B．The soldier's loneliness.
C．The soldier's contribution to his country.
D．The soldier's bravery to fight in the war.
4．What is the author's attitude toward the soldier
A．Admiring. B．Satisfied.
C．Sympathetic. D．Doubtful.
B
2022·湖北中学考试 记叙文 299词 ★★☆☆☆
I can proudly say that last year I broke the record for the oldest person in the world to ride a roller coaster. I'm 105, but I feel younger. Even the doctor agrees I'm in good condition. I'm a bit deaf and my legs feel weak, but they are the only issues.
I rode the Twistosaurus at Flamingo Land, which spins you around quite fast. I didn't choose to go on that. I'd have preferred a really fast one that went upside down. But I was told I couldn't ride something like that, because my blood pressure could drop and I might have some danger.
I wasn't nervous—I don't get frightened of anything. I was securely fastened, so I knew I wouldn't fall out. The roller coaster ride went on for three or four minutes, and the experience couldn't be better. And I raised a lot of money for the Derbyshire, Leicestershire & Rutland Air Ambulance fund, which was fantastic.
People were saying I'd got a place in the Guinness World Records. Later, someone came to present me with the certificate. I had it on the wall in my living room, with another one I got a year earlier.
My record breaking way really began a couple of years ago, with the Ice Bucket Challenge. It turned out that I was probably the oldest person in the world to do it, and the video was very popular. After that, I started to think about what else I could do to raise money for different charities.
I'm not sure if anyone admires all the fun I'm having. They just say I'm daft and that's about it. But I've had many good days and many exciting times. I've had a really good life. I don't think I've wasted any of it.
5．Why didn't the author choose to go on riding the Twistosaurus
A．He was told not to do so.
B．He considered it too gentle.
C．He thought it spun too fast.
D．He was in bad physical condition.
6．How did the author most probably react while riding the roller coaster
A．He really enjoyed himself.
B．He was very worried at first.
C．He couldn't think much about it.
D．He got frightened as it started moving.
7．What can we know about the author from Paragraph 4
A．He was eager to get certificates.
B．He disliked showing off his success.
C．He was the oldest person in the world.
D．He set a record the year before last year.
8．Which word can best describe the author
A．Cooperative. B．Optimistic.
C．Generous. D．Intelligent.
Ⅲ.应用文写作
[2022·包头四中月考]假定你校英语社团将举办以“Follow Your Dreams”为主题的英语演讲活动。 请用英语写一篇演讲稿，内容主要包括：
1．梦想的意义；
2．如何实现梦想。
注意：1.词数80左右(开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数)；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Good afternoon, everyone!
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
That's all. Thank you!练习54　语法填空＋阅读理解＋应用文写作
Ⅰ.语法填空
2022·福建三明质检 说明文 227词 ★★★☆☆
China's biangbiang noodles are taking the world by storm—yet the dish's name doesn't 1.________ (official) exist. Here in Xi'an, the capital of China's Shaanxi Province and one of the country's oldest cities, the craft of noodle pulling is so twisted together with the blowing sound 2.________ the noise ended up inspiring this dish's curious name: biangbiang noodles. The onomatopoeic (拟声的) “biang” character 3.________ (imitate) the sound of flour mixed with water hitting a counter. It is also 4.________ (complex) to write than any character in the Chinese language.
In the past centuries, Shaanxi's biangbiang noodles were no more than 5.________ ordinary local pared to other noodle 6.________ (variety) from northwest China, biangbiang noodles were less known outside of Xi'an, 7.________ they were a comforting and beloved food among locals, for whom the story behind them and written characters were common knowledge. In recent years, biangbiang noodles and their associated customs have become more widely known across China, 8.________ (drive) in part by social media's interest in the made up “biang” character. Now, the dish is passed 9.________ the mouths and hearts of diners all over the world—a breakthrough that many people haven't expected 10.________ (be) delightful.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
2022·全国乙卷 应用文 276词 ★★★★☆
Henry Raeburn (1756－1823)
The Exhibition
This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland's best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn, comes to London. Selected from collections throughout the world, it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years.
Lecture Series
Scottish National Portrait (肖像画) Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public.
They are held in the Lecture Room. Admission to lectures is free.
An Introduction to Raeburn Sunday 26 Oct., 15.00 DUNCAN THOMSON Raeburn's English Contemporaries Thursday 30 Oct., 13.10 JUDY EGERTON
Characters and Characterisation in Raeburn's Portraits Thursday 6 Nov., 13.10 NICHOLAS PHILLIPSON Raeburn and Artist's Training in the 18th Century Thursday 13 Nov., 13.10 MARTIN POSTLE
Exhibition Times
Monday Saturday 10.00－17.45　Sunday 12.00－17.45
Last admission to the exhibition: 17.15. There is no re admission.
Closed: 24－26 December and 1 January.
Admission
￡4. Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.
Schools and Colleges
A special low entrance charge of ￡2 per person is available to all in full time education, up to and including those at first degree level, in organised groups with teachers.
1．What is the right time for attending Raeburn's English Contemporaries
A.Sun. 26 Oct. B．Thurs. 30 Oct.
C.Thurs. 6 Nov. D．Thurs. 13 Nov.
2．How much would a couple with two children under 12 pay for admission
A.￡4. B．￡8.
C.￡12. D．￡16.
3．How can full time students get group discounts
A.They should go on Sunday mornings.
B.They should come from art schools.
C.They must be led by teachers.
D.They must have ID cards with them.
B
2022·鄂东南联考 记叙文 324词 ★★★★☆
Customers who come into the Waffle House recognize server Evoni Williams, a soft spoken 18 year old from Texas City. It all started with a Facebook post. On the morning of March 3, Laura Wolf was eating breakfast at the Waffle House in La Marque when she overheard an older man, who reminded her of her late father, tell Williams he had trouble with his hands. The man, later identified as regular customer Adrien Charpentier, had an oxygen tank nearby and needed help cutting up his food. “Without hesitation，” Wolf wrote, Williams “took his plate and began cutting up his ham.”
Impressed, Wolf posted the moment on her Facebook page to share the warmth and kindness with all. The following day, Williams's Facebook notification(关注)began to light up. Her friends saw Wolf's post and tracked her in it.
Williams had no idea that someone took a photo that morning. The diner was so busy that a line extended outside the door. She said helping Charpentier was reflexive. She has been working at Waffle House since last June to save for college, and this, she figured, was just the right thing to do. “I would want someone to help my grandmother or grandfather，” Williams said.
The post began to make its rounds in La Marque and eventually landed in front of the city's mayor, Bobby Hocking. He decided to declare March 8 as Williams's day, and also received an email from Texas Southern University President Austin A．Lane, asking if the school could present Williams with a scholarship.
Williams still works at Waffle House five days a week and plans to do so until she starts classes in the fall at Houston based Texas Southern. Wolf said Williams does not have a car to get to classes, but some people have offered to start a GoFundMe page for her, proving that a moment of a kindness can change a life.
4．Why did Wolf post the photo on Facebook
A．The photo reminded her of her late father.
B．It could satisfy her inner needs.
C．She was touched by the sight.
D．The customer had trouble with his hands.
5．What does the underlined word in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Without a second thought.
B．After careful consideration.
C．Winning a reward.
D．Better serving customers.
6．What can we infer about Evoni Williams
A．She seldom saw Charpentier come to the House for breakfast.
B．It was GoFundMe page that led to her good luck.
C．She is no longer working in service business.
D．She has probably received a scholarship for her college education.
7．What is the author's purpose of writing the article
A．To help Williams receive higher education.
B．To introduce a random act of kindness.
C．To show that young generation can always help.
D．To emphasize the influence of the social media.
Ⅲ.应用文写作
[2022·武汉部分示范高中联考]假定你是某国际学校的学生李华，你校正在组织学生作为交流生到英国学习两个月，你非常想得到这次交流学习的机会。请你根据以下提示给校长写封申请信：
1．父母支持；2.个人优势；3.表达愿望。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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________________________________________________________________________练习9　单句语法填空＋阅读理解
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(名词和代词)
1．[2022·山东青岛期中模拟]As a natural entertainer with an inexhaustible ________ (curious) about the world, he said he'd be happy to dress up as a clown if it could get children interested in science.
2．[2022·河北石家庄二中月考]Films such as The Martian enjoy worldwide ________ (popular), especially among the youngsters in their thirties.
3．[2022·四川广安一诊]Chinese parents are glad that the government is stepping in to help ________ (they) control their children's interest in games.
4．[2022·北京石景山区期末]My father told me, “When your forefinger points at others' back, you have other three fingers pointing at ________ (you) and you will be fought back with triple power.”
5．The above views may or may not be correct. They are only for your ________ (refer)．
6．When ________ comes to diet and exercise, we know what to do, but we don't do what we know.
7．It was difficult to save the palaces and buildings without destroying ________ (they) old beauty.
8．Honesty is the foundation to behave ________ (one) and start one's career.
9．I dislike ________ when people talk with their mouths full.
10．She encourages others to make their own choices, and to respect ________ (she), too.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
2022·四川眉山考试 应用文 224词 ★★☆☆☆
ART GALLERY GUIDES
Martin Lawrence Galleries Soho
Distinguished as one of the most prominent largest contemporary collections in New York, the gallery contains works by Rembrandt, Picasso, Chagall, Keith Haring, Sam Francis, Takashi Murakami and others. Located in a two floor space in the heart of Soho, this gallery provides a great fine art buying experience for all ages.
Location: 457 West Broadway, New York, NY 10012
Telephone: 212 995 8865
E mail: soho@
BertaArt Studio Gallery
BertaArt Studio Gallery is the working studio and exhibition space for International award winning artist Clara Berta. Her highly abstract paintings have been shown in the United States and collected worldwide.
Location: 816 South Main Street, Los Angeles, CA 90014
Telephone: 818 692 0465
Website: https：//
Bill Lowe Gallery
For over three decades, Bill Lowe Gallery has served as a gate to global visual culture for art enthusiasts around the world. Their unique style of juxtaposition (并列) is expressed in exhibitions with great visual drama. This has earned the gallery recognition as a place for the cross cultural point of beauty and meaning.
Location: 764 Miami Circle, Suite 210 Atlanta, GA 30324
Telephone: 404 352 8114
Website: https: //lowegallery.com
Baterbys Art Auction Gallery
Their art collection features limited pieces by 20th century masters like Picasso, Chagall, Modigliani, Matisse, Degas and others. They offer specialized services such as art rental and fine art home delivery.
Location: 2054 State Road, 436 Unit 108—112, Winter Park, FL 32792
Telephone: 888 682 9995
Website: www.
1．Where should visitors go if they want to buy artworks
A．New York. B．Los Angeles.
C．Atlanta. D．Winter Park.
2．What can visitors do at Bill Lowe Gallery
A．See visual culture.
B．Meet famous artists.
C．Enjoy Clara Berta's works.
D．Learn the history of Miami.
3．What is special about Baterbys Art Auction Gallery
A．It has works by Picasso.
B．It is the oldest gallery.
C．It is an award winning gallery.
D．It provides art rental service.
B
2022·安徽江淮联考 议论文 318词 ★★★☆☆
While training for a half marathon last fall, Janet Sherman, 57, started noticing pain in her left foot. A diagnosis of plantar fasciitis (足底筋膜炎) led to shoe inserts and cross training. Before long, the Wyoming based teacher was “just good enough” to go back to training, and so she did, although she chose to drop down to a shorter 10 km race.
On race day, Sherman's foot began bothering her early, and by a water stop two thirds of the way through the course, she knew she should drop out. “It was so painful, but I was stubborn and finished the race，” she said. “Afterward, I could barely walk.”
To the inactive, Sherman's attitude might be hard to understand. But for amateur athletes and weekend warriors, pushing through pain is a common refrain. “As a society, we are more active in sports than ever before，” said Adrienne Langelier, a Texas based sports psychology consultant. “But at the same time, as a culture we have developed a ‘no days off mentality’．”
That needs to change, said Mark Cucuzzella, a physician and professor at the West Virginia University School Medicine. “‘No pain, no gain’—no, thank you，” he said jokingly. “For too long we have beautified that way of thinking. It's not sustainable.”
Pressing too hard can lead to injury, illness and exhaustion. With running, for instance, pushing through pain can lead to a secondary injury, said Adam Tenforde of the Spaulding National Running Center at Harvard Medical School. “A stress fracture (骨折), if you continue to run on it, may develop into a full fracture and require a much longer recovery period, for example，” he said. “I advocate addressing pain early, rather than ignoring it.”
4．From the text, what do we know about Sherman
A．She gave up training because of pain in her left foot.
B．She insisted on finishing a half marathon race.
C．She recovered from an injury fully to get back to training.
D．She finished a shorter 10 km race despite severe pain.
5．What does the underlined word “That” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．It is very common to push through pain while doing sports.
B．We should drop out of training because of pain.
C．More and more people are addicted to sports nowadays.
D．People are bearing greater burden than reasonably supposed.
6．What's Mark Cucuzzella's attitude toward “No pain, no gain”？
A．Favorable. B．Neutral.
C．Disapproving. D．Uncaring.
7．What did Adam Tenforde advise us to do
A．Develop a “no days off mentality”．
B．Deal with pain as soon as possible instead of ignoring it.
C．Carry on training regardless of pain.
D．No pain, no gain.
黄金考点
语法填空——比较级和最高级
考点17 有标志词than的比较级
考例 According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years ________ (long) than non runners.
点拨 句中有比较级标志词than，故用long的比较级形式longer。
考点18 暗含在语意中的比较级
考例 Even ________ (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.
点拨 表示比这“更糟糕的是”，暗含比较意味，故用其比较级形式worse。
考点19 形容词最高级
考例 One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their 62.________ (fine) work, so that he could choose the best.
点拨 句意：皇上把所有的优秀画家都召集来展示他们最好的作品，以便他能选出最佳作品。故应填最高级finest。练习21　语法填空＋阅读理解
Ⅰ.语法填空
2022·全国甲卷 记叙文 188词 ★★☆☆☆
A visually challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi'an, as a first step 1.________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.
On the 1，100 kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, 2.________ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation 3.________ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. 4.________ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.
Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental 5.________ (protect). Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more 6.________ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1，000 plastic bottles along the 40 day journey.
In the last five years, Cao 7.________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa's 8.________ (high) mountain.
Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4，700 kilometers 9.________ Xi'an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, 10.________ (plan) to hike back to Xi'an in five months.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
2022·开封定位考试 说明文 259词 ★★☆☆☆
Pinocchio may be just a character in a children's fairy tale, but Spanish scientists at the University of Granada recently investigated the so－called “Pinocchio effect” and found that our noses don't grow when we tell a lie, but actually shrink a bit.
Dr Gómez Milán and his team developed a lie detector test that used thermography (温度记录法) to tell if people were lying, and found that whenever participants in their research were being untruthful, the temperature of the tip of their nose dropped up to 1.2 ℃， while the temperature of their forehead increased up to 1.5 ℃. Scientists also found that the temperature drop actually caused the nose to slightly shrink, although the difference is undetected by the human eye.
“One has to think in order to lie, which raises the temperature of the forehead，” Dr Gómez Milán explained the findings. “At the same time we feel anxious, which lowers the temperature of the nose.”
For this study, researchers asked 60 students to perform various tasks while their temperature is scanned by thermal imaging (热成像) technology. One of these tasks involved making a 3－to 4－minute call to their parents or a friend and telling a significant lie. Participants had to make up the lie themselves during the call. Interestingly, the thermal lie detector picked up the temperature difference in 80 percent of the test subjects, which is a better rate of success than that of any modern lie detector.
“With this method we have achieved the increase of accuracy，” said Dr Gómez Milán, who added that law enforcement agencies could one day combine other lie detection technologies with thermal imaging to achieve better results.
1．Why does the writer talk about Pinocchio in the first paragraph
A．To tell a fairy tale.　
B．To give an example.
C．To talk about a scientist.
D．To introduce the topic.
2．What is the “Pinocchio effect”？
A．Our noses will grow when we tell a lie.
B．Our noses will shrink when we tell a lie.
C．The temperature of the forehead falls if we lie.
D．The temperature of the nose rises for anxiety.
3．How did Dr Gómez Milán feel about the lie detector
A．Doubtful. B．Surprised.
C．Confident. D．Puzzled.
4．What lesson do we learn from the text
A．A lie will travel very hard.
B．There are many ways to bring a liar to light.
C．A lie never lives to be old.
D．Once a liar, always a liar.
B
2022·吕梁联考 记叙文 337词 ★★☆☆☆
Elizabeth Bishop, who was famous for the poetry A Prodigal, Filling Station, Sandpiper, Manuelzinho and so on, was an influential American poet of the 20th century. Her poetry often shows things that concerned her throughout her life, such as her search for a sense of home. Her troubled childhood and feeling of loneliness from this time affected her character and poetry.
Bishop's painful childhood is apparent in some of her poems. Her father died when she was eight months old and her mother was mad when she was five. Bishop was raised firstly by her mother's parents and then by her father's parents. This experience left her confused about belonging. She had no home and this was shown in her poetry. In A Prodigal, when the character in the poem makes up his mind to go home, there is a sense of pessimism for Bishop who has no home. The lack of a sense of home has contributed to her depression all her life.
Bishop attempts to make small, everyday experiences extraordinary in her poems such as Filling Station. In Filling Station, Bishop describes the beauty of a family filling station. Although it is “dirty”， there is order in it. Simple family life is celebrated in it. She recognizes the value of home and beauty in everyday life, but she is only an observer of these. Distance remains between her and the family at the filling station.
Bishop's struggle to locate herself in the world is seen no more clearly than in Sandpiper. It deals with searching for something in a confusing world. She uses the metaphor (暗喻) of the bird which is “looking for something”. The “something” isn't specific. It seems as if the bird doesn't know what he wants; the only certain thing is that he is searching.
Bishop's poems are personal on a more subtle (巧妙的) level, especially when her childhood, travels etc. are taken into consideration. It is believed that Bishop is a complex poet who uses her poetry to find the feeling of belonging.
5．What do we know about Elizabeth Bishop's childhood
A．She was born poor.
B．She lived an unhappy life.
C．Her grandparents treated her badly.
D．Her parents didn't love her.
6．Which of Bishop's poems shows her love for simple family life
A．Sandpiper. B．ManueIzinho.
C．Filling Station. D．A Prodigal.
7．When reading Bishop's poems, people can find her search for ________．
A．the true nature of human beings
B．a happy family life
C．parental love
D．the feeling of belonging
8．Which of the following words can best describe Bishop
A．Gifted but pessimistic.
B．Clever and strong.
C．Unfortunate but kind.
D．Creative and determined.
黄金考点
语法填空——代词
考点27 根据上下文逻辑推判代词形式
考例 They would say to ________ (I) that playing card games would help my brain. Still I was unwilling to play the game with them sometimes.
点拨 根据句意和后边的关键词to和提示词I可知，表示“我”，再根据介词to应填me。
考点28 根据上下文判断代词的形式
考例 I had done ________ (mine) homework, but I was shy.
点拨 修饰名词homework作定语，应用形容词性物主代词my来修饰。
考点29 动词短语固定用法
考例 But she insists on us ________ (eat) healthy food.
点拨 由语境可知，是母亲关心家里的每个人的健康，坚持要我们吃健康的食物。insist on sb. doing sth.或insist on sb's doing sth.是固定用法，故应填eating。练习52　语法填空＋阅读理解
Ⅰ.语法填空
2022·全国乙卷 说明文 210词 ★★★☆☆
May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially 1.________ the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. To celebrate 2.________ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.
The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society 3.________ (address) the opening ceremony. “As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the 4.________ (large) tea producing country, China has a 5.________ (responsible) to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a 6.________ (share) future for mankind，” he said.
The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation 7.________ cultural exchanges. A four year tea promotion—Tea Road Cooperative Plan—was also issued in accordance with the initiative.
8．________ (strengthen) the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, 9.________ (invite) twenty nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony, opening 10.________ (it) first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth—A Special Exhibition of Pu'er Tea.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
2022·资阳诊断 记叙文 281词 ★★★★☆
Four Best Places to Travel for a Girls'
Holiday
Cannes
When you think of France, often the famous capital Paris comes to mind. But this holiday is for the girls who want to live like the stars for a weekend or two, and have budgeted for it too. Not only does it offer a beautiful view, but also you will feel like celebrities as you wander around the place film stars call home during the Cannes Film Festival.
Brazil
As one of the few places on Earth that are warm all the year round, where temperatures rarely dip below 20 ℃， Brazil is the perfect destination for a girls' holiday. For the girls' group with the most visitors, the place for you is Rio de Janeiro. The iconic (符号的) Rio Carnival, is truly where Brazil comes to life in an explosion of colour and passion. Full of parades, shows and dancing in the streets, the perfect party.
Thailand
Ko Pha Ngan is famous for its monthly Full Moon party. This night long lunar celebration draws visitors from all over the world and is an absolute must. While nursing your hangover (宿醉), move on to Phuket, where you'll find the Elephant Shelter, home to rehabilitated elephants. Observe as they socialize freely, bathe and help prepare food for the herd.
Amsterdam
Known for its artistic heritage, elaborate(精致的) canal system and museums, Amsterdam is packed with adventures waiting to be explored. Start your trip right with a canal tour. The history of Amsterdam is closely connected with water, floating down Amsterdam's canals is the most magical and memorable way to discover the city especially with a glass of wine or two.
1．What can visitors experience in Cannes
A．They can learn to budget.
B．They can watch various parades.
C．They can feel like famed entertainers.
D．They can pay a visit to film stars' home.
2．In which place can the girls attend to animals
A．Cannes. B．Phuket.
C．Rio de Janeiro. D．Amsterdam.
3．What is the highlight of the Amsterdam tour
A．A canal tour. B．Various schools.
C．Artistic cottages. D．Thrilling stories.
B
2020·全国卷Ⅲ 说明文 310词 ★★★☆☆
We are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago. As scientists look deeper into our genes (基因), they are finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years. People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes. Cattle raising people in East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation (突变) that helps them digest milk as adults.
On Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation—not to air or to food, but to the ocean. A group of sea dwelling people in Southeast Asia have evolved into better divers. The Bajau, as these people are known, number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. They have traditionally lived on houseboats; in recent times, they've also built houses on stilts (支柱) in coastal waters. “They are simply a stranger to the land，” said Rodney C. Jubilado, a University of Hawaii researcher who studies the Bajau.
Dr. Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the Philippines. They made a living as divers, spearfishing or harvesting shellfish. “We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders，” Dr. Jubilado said. “I could see them actually walking under the sea.”
In 2015, Melissa Ilardo, then a graduate student in genetics at the University of Copenhagen, heard about the Bajau. She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them. “It seemed like the perfect chance for natural selection to act on a population，” said Dr. Ilardo. She also said there were likely a number of other genes that help the Bajau dive.
4．What does the author want to tell us by the examples in paragraph 1
A．Environmental adaptation of cattle raisers.
B．New knowledge of human evolution.
C．Recent findings of human origin.
D．Significance of food selection.
5．Where do the Bajau build their houses
A．In valleys. B．Near rivers.
C．On the beach. D．Off the coast.
6．Why was the young Jubilado astonished at the Bajau
A．They could walk on stilts all day.
B．They had a superb way of fishing.
C．They could stay long underwater.
D．They lived on both land and water.
7．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Bodies Remodeled for a Life at Sea
B．Highlanders' Survival Skills
C．Basic Methods of Genetic Research
D．The World's Best Divers
答题策略
语法填空——冠词
冠词的误用、多用与少用
误用 ① 表示特指用the，表示泛指用a、an
② a、an的混用
多用 ③ 专有名词前不用冠词，如China
④ 学科名词前不用冠词，如physics
⑤ 球类名词前不用冠词，如football
⑥ 三餐名词前不用冠词，如lunch
⑦ 留意有多余冠词的固定短语
少用 ⑧ 留意无冠词、无物主代词、无不定代词修饰的单数可数名词
⑨ 留意缺少冠词的固定短语