人教新目标版英语八年级下册Unit1-5 单元重点短语+语法汇总

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit1
Section A
What’s the matter with you =What’s wrong with you =What happened to you 你怎么了？
have a cold/fever/cough/stomachache/headache/toothache 感冒/发烧/咳嗽/牙疼/胃疼
have a sore back 背疼 have a sore throat 喉咙疼 cut/hurt oneself切/伤到自己
talk too much and don’t drink enough water 话说太多还没喝足够的水
enough to do （某人/某物）足够/能够做某事 6.take one's temperature 量体温
lie 躺 不规则--lay--lain（过去分词）--lying（现在分词）lie-lied-lied-lying 规则的 撒谎
sound like 听起来像 9.lie down and rest 躺下休息 10.go to a doctor 去看医生
Drink some hot tea with honey 喝蜂蜜热茶 12.take/have a break/rest =take breaks休息
see a dentist and get an X-ray 看牙医拍片 14. Put some medicine on it 敷药
15. be away from 远离 16. 24-year-old+名词 24岁的 17. wait for 等待
see/watch/hear sb. doing 看见某人正在做某事 （强调瞬间动作）
see/watch/hear sb. do sth. 看见某人做过某事（强调全过程）
19. think twice 再三考虑；慎重考虑 20. get on/off 上/下车（汽车、火车、飞机） 21. get into 进入（小汽车，出租车） get out of 从（小汽车，出租车）出来， 摆脱
22. shout for help 大声呼救 23. expect sb. to do sth. 预料/期待某人做某事
24. Have a heart problem有心脏病25.to one's surprise 使......惊讶的是in surprise 吃惊地/惊奇地
26. agree to do 同意做某事 agree with sb.同意某人的观点 27. be saved by sb. 被某人挽救
thanks to 幸亏；由于 thanks for sth/doing sth 因......而感谢 29. In time 及时 on time 准时
be in trouble 处于麻烦之中 get into trouble 陷入困境；造成麻烦
have trouble/problems/difficulty (in) doing sth 做某事有问题/麻烦/困难
take the man to the hospital 带这个男士去医院 31. right away =at once立刻；马上
Section B
be sick/ ill 生病 feel sick 感到恶心 a sick boy (不能用ill) 2）get sunburned 晒伤
3）rest for a few days 休息几天 put a bandage on it 包扎伤口 run it under water 冲洗伤口
4．tell/ask sb. (not) to do 告诉/要求某人不要做某事 tell him to rest 叫他休息
5．get hit on the head 打到头 put your head down 低头 press the sides of the nose 捏紧鼻子
6．have problems breathing 呼吸困难 7. give up doing sth. 放弃做
8．have interest in doing sth. 对......有兴趣 be interested in …对…感兴趣
be/get used to doing 习惯于做某事 use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某事
10. Because of accidents 因为事故 be in a dangerous/ difficult situation 处于险/困境
be ready to do 准备做某事 be ready for 为......做准备 keep on doing 继续做某事
So+adj+that+句子 （so...that...如此......以至于） so that 以便于；目的是
too much+不可数 太多 too many+可数 太多 much too+adj. 太
mean to do sth. 打算做某事 mean doing sth 意味着做某事
tell of the importance of (doing)… 讲述做…的重要性 16. mind doing sth. 介意做某事
make a decision （to do）= make decisions （to do）做决定做。。。
death 死亡(n.) die 死(v.) dead 死的(adj.) dying 奄奄一息的(adj.)
Unit 2
Section A
volunteer to do sth 自愿做… 2.notice sb do/doing sth 注意到做/正在做…
cheer up sick children鼓励生病的孩子们 4. give/hand out food分发食物
an after-school study program一个课后学习项目 6. put up signs 张贴标识
clean up the parks打扫公园 8.come up with a plan提出一个计划
put off doing sth延迟做… 10. make some notices制作一些通知
call up 10 students召集10个学生 12. (make a)plan to do sth(制定一个)计划做...
13. used to do sth过去常常做… 14. care for/look after/ take care of 照顾，照看15.feel lonely觉得孤单 16.travel alone独自旅行 17.an old people’s home敬老院 18.give up several hours放弃若干个小时19. read by herself at the age of 4 四岁自己读书 20. get his future dream job得到未来梦想中的工作21. homeless people无家可归的人
22.get a strong feeling of satisfaction获得一种强烈的满足感 23. at the same time同时
23.the look of joy on the owners’ faces主人脸上快乐的表情 24.be worried about担心… 25.go on a different journey进行一次不同的旅行 26.be busy with/doing sth忙于(做)… 27.a good way to do sth一种做..的好方式 28make/save/raise money 赚/省/捐钱
Section B
1. be similar to与…相似 2.take after/look like长得像... 3.normal things正常的事
4. give away old clothes to a children’s home捐赠旧衣物给福利院
5. fix up/repair the broken bike修理破自行车 6.I run out of money我钱用完了
7. sell sb sth/sell sth to sb把…卖给… 8.write a letter to sb写信给…
9. make it possible for sb to do sth 让做..对某人来说成为可能 10.help sb out帮某人脱困
11. make a big difference to sb对..有大影响 12. help disabled people帮助残疾人 13. imaging doing sth想象做… 14.a friend of mine我的一个朋友
15. answer the phone接电话 16. a special trained dog一只特训过的狗
16.be excited about (doing) sth 对(做)…感到兴奋 17.be able to do sth能够做… 18. give him orders给他命令 19. send sb sth/send sth to sb把…寄给…
20. be strong in=be good at (doing) sth 擅长(做)… 21. at once立刻，马上
To do 不定式（动词不定式）
作状语：表目的（句首或句末）We’re working hard to protect environment.
作宾语：＊plan/learn/want/agree/decide/hope/would like/need to do sth
I plan to see a film tomorrow.
＊know/decide/remember等动词后“疑问词+ to do”作宾语： I don’t know where to go
作宾补：＊ask/tell/advise/want/invite sb to do sth: My mother tells me to go home early
＊See/hear/watch sb do/doing sth: I saw him go out yesterday.
Unit 3
Section A
1. do the dishes洗餐具 2. fold your clothes叠你的衣服 3. sweep the floor扫地
4. make your bed整理你的床铺 5. do housework做家务 6. clean up the kitchen打扫厨房
7. finish doing sth 完成做某事 8. stay out late在外面呆到很晚 9. would like to do sth 想要做...
10.get a ride搭车 11.give sb a ride 捎带某人 12. use the computer 使用电脑
13. Any minute now 随时 14. Be in a mess乱七八糟 15. Make a mess 弄得一团乱
16.be angry with sb生某人的气 17. solve the problem解决问题 answer the question回答问题
18. throw down 扔下 19. as+adj/adv+as 与…一样 not as/so ….as…不如 20.all the time 总是
21. Come over 走过来 22.as soon as… 一…就… 23. neither+助动词/be/情态动词+主语: 也不
24. neither of+n 两者都不 neither A nor B… A和B都不 25. In surprise 惊讶地
26.reply to sb 回复某人 27. pass sth to sb. = pass sb. Sth把…递给… 28. do chores 做家务
28. lend sth. to sb把…借给… 29. try (not) to do…尽力不做… 30. borrow sth from sb向…借
Section B
1. invite sb. to sp邀请..去.. invite sb to do sth邀请..做.. 2. Make/let sb do sth让…做…
3.It’s a good idea to do sth做..是个好主意 4. Have stress有压力 5.in order to do sth 为了做…
6. don’t have time to do sth没有时间做… have time to do sth有时间做…
7.a waste of time 浪费时间 8.get good grades 获得好分数 9.get older 逐渐长大
10. sb. spend time on sth 花时间在..上 spend time doing sth花时间做…
11.get into a good university 进入一所好大学 12. there is no need for sb to do sth没必要做…
13. provide sth for sb.. = provide sb with sth 给某人提供某物 14. mind doing sth介意做…
15. it’s adj for sb to do sth 对某人来说做什么事… make it adj for sb. to do 让做什么…
16. It’s (not) enough to do sth做…是(不)足够的 17. depend on sb to do sth 依赖某人做..
18. develop children’s independence培养孩子们的独立性 learn to be independent 学会独立
19. understand the idea of fairness理解公平的意义 20. do their part 做他们的部分
21.during 在…期间 22.have no idea 没有头绪 23.take care of/look after/care for 照顾，照看
24.As a result 结果 25. Fall ill 生病 26.the+比较级, the+比较级 越…越…
26. the earlier kids learn to be independent, the better it is for their future.
27. it’s fair/unfair for sb to do sth对某人来说做…是公平的/不公平的
语法点：
礼貌请求Could you please do sth？
肯定回答：Yes./ Sure./Ok/ No problem./ Certainly.
礼貌拒绝：Sorry, I can’t. I’m afraid not.
+原因：I have to/ must do sth
请求允许：Could I do (do)… 请求许可
肯定回答：Yes, you can. 否定回答：No，you can’t.
Unit 4
Section A
1.提建议:What about doing… Why don’t you do… Why not do… Could/should do…
2. too much/many 太多 much too+adj. 太… 3. get enough sleep 得到足够的睡眠时间
4. have free time to do sth有空闲时间做… 5. allow sb (not) to do sth允许…（不）做…
6. too many after-school classes太多课后辅导班 7.stay healthy 保持健康
8. get into a fight with sb fight with sb have a fight with sb 跟某人吵架、打架
9. What’s the matter =What’s the trouble =What’s the problem = What’s wrong 怎么了？
10. write to sb 给某人写信 = write a letter to sb. = write to sb. hear from sb收到..来信
11. say sorry/hello to sb跟…说抱歉/你好 12. be good at doing= do well in doing. 擅长于做…
13. find sb. doing/do sth..发现某人正在做/做… 14. look through浏览 15.wait that long 等那么长久
16. give sth back to sb… 归还 = return sth to sb. 17.a big deal 一件大事 deal with 处理
18. be angry with sb.生某人的气 be angry about sth为某事生气 19. work out 解决,成功的发展,算出
20. give some advice给一些建议 advise sb. to do sth建议某人做.. 21.argue with sb… 和… 争吵
22. get along/on with sb和某人相处融洽 get on well with sb.. 23.fight a lot 争吵很多
24. have communication with sb与…沟通 communicate with sb 25. refuse to do sth 拒绝做…
26. a big, black cloud hanging over our home一片乌云笼罩着我们的家27. instead of…代替;而不是
28. not…until…直到…才… 29.It’s not easy being your age.你这个年纪并不容易
30.It’s normal to do sth做..是正常的 31. Have more time for proper communication有更多时间正常沟通
31 offer to do sth. 主动做.. offer sth to sb提供某人某物 offer sb sth. 32. be worried about…担心…
33. explain sth to sb 向…解释… 34.make sth clear 让…清晰 35.so that+句子 以便于…
36. copy one’s homework抄某人作业 37. return sth to sb= give sth back to sb.把某物归还某人
38.leave sth +地点（介词短语）把某物落在某地 39.be afraid of doing srh / be afraid to do sth 害怕做…
40.don’t trust me any more 不再信任我
Section B
1. family member 家庭成员 2.spend time alone 独自待着 3. give sb sth..= give sth to sb.给某人某物
4. compete with sb…跟某人竞争competition(n) 5. Give sb a lot of pressure 给某人很多压力
6. be stressed out 有压力的，压力大的 7.have/take after-school lessons/classes 上课后补习班
8. keep doing sth一直做… keep on doing sth坚持做.. keep sth for +一段时间 借多久
9.use the Internet 使用网络 10. help each other to improve 互相帮忙提升
11. in one’s opinion依…看 12. take sb to sp带…去某地 13.learn more skills学习更多技能
14.place great pressure on sb 把压力放..身上 15.a typical American family 一个典型美国家庭
16. cut out 删除 17.have a quick dinner飞快吃完饭 17.a mother of three一个三个孩子的母亲
18. It’s time for sth/doing sth it’s time to do sth （做）..的时候到了
19.continue doing sth继续做同一件事 continue to do sth做完一件，继续做另一件
pare A with B把A和B相比较 compare A to B把A比作B
21. cause lots of stress for kids 给孩子造成很多压力 22.it’s normal to do sth 做..是正常的
23. try to do sth 尽力做 24. Be the first to do sth 第一个做…
25. I think you should do your homework first. (否定) I don’t think you should do your homework first.
语法点：
Although +句子：即使，尽管 (让步状语从句) 2. So that+句子：以便于，为了 (目的状语从句)
Until：(时间状语从句) 否定:Not…until + 句子 直到…才 肯定：until+句子 直到…为止
Unit 5
Section A
1.过去进行时
结构：was/were+doing
标志词： at 7 last night, from 7 to 9 last night, at this/ that time, when+过去式, at the time of …
2.过去进行时句型转换 He was playing computer games at 9 last night.
(1)一般疑问句Was he playing… Yes, he was. / No, he wasn’t. (2)否定句He wasn’t playing…..
(3)提问: What was he doing at 9 last night
They were playing soccer at school at this time yesterday. ---Where were they playing soccer at this…
3. The rain is so heavy. =It rained heavily/hard.雨下得大
4. go off 发出响声 5. wake up睡醒，醒来 wake+宾格+up, wake up sb 叫醒某人。。
6. run to跑去… walk to.. 走着去 all of a sudden=suddenly突然
7. be busy with sth 忙于… be busy doing sth 忙于做…
8. so …that…如此…以至于… so taht 因此，以便于
9. pick up 接电话 pick up sth/ pick +宾格+ up 捡起… pick up sb接某人
10. strong wind 猛烈的风，大风 11. begin/start to do…开始做…
12. with no light outside 因为外面没有光 13. feel like doing sth想要做… feel like sth 感觉像….
14. in the area 在这个地区 15. it is reported that+句子:据报道…
16. put pieces of wood over the windows 把木头固定在窗户上
17. the rain beat heavily against the windows雨猛烈地敲打在窗户上 beat sb in…在某方面打败某人
18. at first 起初，首先 be in a mess 一团乱 19. make sure +句子:确保…
20. fall asleep 睡着 feel sleepy犯困的 21. die down 逐渐减弱，消失
22. fallen trees落叶 broken windows破窗户 24. the place of the accident 事故发生地
25. The car was in bad shape from hitting a tree. 车撞树上撞变形了 26.You ‘re kidding开玩笑
Section B
1. by the side of the road 在马路边 2. wait for someone to walk by 等人走过
3. realize 认识到，意识到 realize one’s dream 实现某人的梦想
4. make one’s way to … 前往… 5. be helpful for sb to do sth 对某人做..有帮助
6. It’s a good idea to do sth 做…是个好主意 7.be/get killed被杀害
8. remember/forget to do 记得/忘记去做 remember/forget doing 记得/忘记做过
9. be shocked to do sth做…是震惊的 completely shocked 十分震惊
10. in silence=silently沉默地 保持沉默 keep/be silent保持安静
11. The rest of …剩下的… 12.be taken down by terrorists 被恐怖分子摧毁
13. has meaning to sb对…有意义 14. look out of the windows往窗外看
15. tell the truth说实话 16. point at指着… point to 指向… point out 指出
17. go away走开，离开 18.as well 也
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