北师大版（2019）必修第二册Unit 5 Humans and nature Lesson 3 Race to the Pole Writing Workshop 课件(共53张PPT)

(共53张PPT)
Unit 5 Humans and Nature
Writing Workshop
A Brochure
02
03
Suppose you are facing an earthquake, what will come to your mind first
Be alive !
a brochure
writing workshop
How to Survive
A small book or magazine containing pictures and information about a product , service or advice.
a Disaster
an earthquake
04
StepⅠ Pre-writing: Features
Features
1
Sentence Stucture
3
Content
2
What is this brochure about
What are the features of the brochure
Title
Pictures
Sub title
StepⅡPre-writing: Content
How to Survive an
Earthquake
If you're indoors
If you're outdoors
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
Don't run, but protect yourself.
Drop, cover and hold on.
Move away from anything that can fall.
Find a shelter where you can stay.
Wait before moving to another place.
Stop.
Stay seated.
Drive carefully when the quake stops.
Situation 1
Situation 2
Situation 3
If you're in a car
04
Don’t run, but protect yourself.
DROP down onto your hands and knees. COVER your head and neck with your hands, arms and hard objects. HOLD ON to your shelter until the shaking stops.
If you’re indoors
The most important thing is to protect yourself as much as you can.
Reason
Drop, cover and hold on.
Explanation
Why shouldn't we run
How can we drop, cover and hold on
If you’re outdoors
Move away from anything that can fall. Move to open areas. Buildings, trees, streetlights and power lines can fall down during an earthquake.
Find a shelter where you can stay. If you are near objects that can fall, find a shelter to protect yourself from them.
Wait before moving to another place. Objects may also fall after an earthquake and there are always strong aftershocks. Observe carefully before you move away.
If you’re in a car
Stop. Stop your car as soon as you can, but avoid stopping near a building or under a tree.
Stay seated. Stay calm in your car. The car’s metal body can protect you from falling objects.
Drive carefully when the quake stops. Avoid bridges that have been damaged or may be damaged by the aftershocks.
What’s the sentence stucture and tense of the brouchure
Drop down onto your hands and knees.
Cover your head and neck with your hands, arms or hard objects.
Don’t try to run out of the building during an earthquake.
Imperatives for Dos and Don’ts
Dos
Drop down onto your hands and knees.
Cover your head and neck with your hands, arms or hard objects.
Don’ts
Don’t try to run out of the building during an earthquake.
Sentence Builder
StepⅢ Pre-writing: Sentence Structure
Imperative(s) is the form of a verb that expresses an order/advice/command/instructions. For example, in the order “come here”, “come” is in the imperative.
The meaning of Imperative(s)
Writing
1. They are used when we want to tell someone (not) to do sth.
2. They usually don’t have a subject—they are addressed to the
listener, whom the speaker understands to be the subject.
(它们通常没有主语--是写给听者的，说者认为听者是主语)
3. Use the base form of the verb. （使用动词原形）
4. Imperative sentence usually ends with a period (.), but may also
end with an exclamation point (!).
Features of Imperative sentences
We can use imperatives to:
On Signs:
e.g. Push
Pull
Stay on your right
Give Instructions:
e.g. Take one pill every 12 hours.
Open your books on page 33.
Make a Request:
e.g. Please consider!
How do we use Imperative sentences
Writing
Give Orders / Commands:
e.g. Come here at once!
Take that gum out of your mouth!
Give Warnings / Prohibition:
e.g. It’s wet paint. Don’t sit on the bench!
Don’t smoke! It’s bad for your health.
Give Advice:
e.g. Go home and get some sleep. You
look exhausted.
Be a good kid!
Writing
What a brochure include
1.features
2.content
3.sentence structure
Step Ⅳ Editing
If you’re trapped
Don't move about.
●
Save strength and wait for help.
●
StepⅤ Sharing
Continue to write
Homework:
1. 整理本单元与earthquake相关，与地震逃生、自然灾害逃生相关的的单词以及短语及句子（课本、笔记本、练习册）
2. 思考情境：如果你在地震中被困，你可以做些什么？不能做些什么？列出写作要点。
thank you !
What useful expressions can you find in the brochure
从 …跑出去 run out of 逃跑 escape from
保护自己免受 protect yourself from sth. 用…覆盖 cover... with...
抓住，握住 hold on to 别慌 Don’t panic
移动到开阔地带 move to open areas 找一个遮蔽物 find a shelter
仔细观察 observe carefully 避免做某事 avoid doing
待着别动 stay seated / sit still 保持冷静 stay /keep calm
远离 move away from/ stay away from
If you··· 如果你···
The most important thing is to ··· 最重要的是···
If possible, 如果可能···
Make sure that··· 务必，一定···
Be sure to··· 一定···
Don’t forget to ··· 不要忘记···
Remember to··· 记得···
P: OK, if i’m outdoors, move away from any buildings or streetlights. If I’m indoors stay away from anything that can break or fall. But what if I’m trapped Should I try to shout as loud as I can, or ..
W: Sorry. but my advice is to knock on a wall to help people find you and only shout when someone is nearby.
P: Sorry for interrupting again. But why so
W: This is because shouting can cause you to breathe in a dangerous amount of dust.
Task:
If you’re trapped, 根据上节课所学，完成续写。
要求：1.至少给出三条地震时被困的建议。
2.针对不同情况，给出具体建议或是采取相应动作的原因。
3. 使用祈使句以及一般现在时。
4. 80词左右。
Stay calm and make observations.
Don't hesitate to save lives.
Be brave and insistent.
If you're able to survive a disatser
A Brochure
Psychological Preparations
Social Mutual Help
●
●
●
Language points
题组练·领悟方法
核心词汇
教材原句p.41 The most important thing is to protect yourself as much as you can .
最重要的事情是尽可能保护自己。
1 as...as sb can 尽可能……地
【归纳拓展】
as much as you can 尽你所能地；尽可能多地 as soon as you can 尽可能快地（时间）
as fast as you can 尽可能快地 as quickly as you can 尽可能快地
as hard as you can 尽可能努力地；尽你的所能
The goal is to bring many science and technology experiments to the moon as soon as we can.
目标是我们尽快把很多科技实验带到月球上。
It’s always a good thing to know as much as you can about the devices you use.
尽可能多地了解你所使用的设备始终是一件好事。
【学法点拨】
as...as one can 可与 as...as possible 进行同义转换。
You must run as fast as possible. 你必须尽快地跑。
完成句子
（1）You should have water 　 　　　（你尽可能多地）.
（2） Charlie tried 　　　　 （尽他的所能） so that he could be admitted into a key
university.
（3）When a storm is coming，most people leave the area 　　 　　（尽可能
快地） and head for safety.
（4） Everything the family left behind in their apartment was piled 　 　　　（ 尽可能
高地），in the hope that the items would not get flooded.
同义句转换
（5）I hope that I can meet you again as soon as I can.
→ I hope that I can meet you again 　　　　　　　　　.
as much as you can
as hard as he could
as fast/quickly as possible
as high as possible
as soon as possible
教材原句p.41 HOLD ON to your shelter until the shaking stops . 抓牢遮蔽物，直到地震停止。
2 hold on to （=hold onto）紧紧抓住；抓住不放；保留某物
It was so windy that I had to hold on to my hat all the way along the street.
风很大，走在街上我只好一路抓着帽子。
The man hold on to a piece of wood in the flood.男子在洪水中紧抓一块木头不放。
【归纳拓展】
hold on 坚持；等一会儿，别挂电话；紧抓不放
hold back 阻止，抑制；忍住；隐瞒；控制
hold off 拖延；抵抗；抗拒
hold out 伸出；提供；坚持；维持
hold up 举起，抬起；阻止，阻挡；抢劫（银行等）
not hold water 站不住脚
单句语法填空
（1） My daughter held on 　　　　my hand tightly while we crossed the street.
（2）—Could I speak to Mr Smith
—Hold 　　　　. He’s coming in a minute.
（3）Now that the end is in sight，nothing can hold him 　　　　.
（4） The rescue team hoped the men on the boat could hold 　　　　till they arrived.
完成句子
（5） We had planned to finish the work before dark，but the heavy rain 　　　　　（阻挡
了我们）.
to
on
back
out
held us up
教材原句p.41 If possible ， find a strong shelter nearby which will cover your whole body .
如果可能的话，就近找一个可以覆盖全身的坚固的掩蔽处。
3 shelter n. & v.
（1）n. 遮蔽物；避难所；庇护
a safe shelter 安全的避难所
搭配 seek/take shelter 寻求 / 得到庇护
find/take shelter from the rain 避雨
under the shelter of 在……的庇护下
（2） vt. & vi. 保护；躲避；避难
搭配 shelter from 躲避
shelter... from... 保护……免受……的伤害
The explorers had to shelter from the snowstorm in a cave.
探险者不得不在一个山洞中躲避暴风雪。
单句语法填空
（1） The first thing he did was to find shelter　　　　the freezing wind and snow.
（2） The climbers had to shelter 　　　　the snowstorm in a mountain hut.
（3）The tall trees shelter the house 　　　　the wind.
完成句子
（4） The workers were lying 　　　　　　　　　　（在……的庇护下） a huge tree.
（5）We 　　　　　　　　 （ 躲避）the rain that was pouring down in a bus stop.
from
from
from
under the shelter of
took shelter from
教材原句p.41 Observe carefully before you move away . 你离开之前要仔细观察。
4 observe vt. 注意；观察；看到；观测；遵守；庆祝
observe the behaviour of birds 观察鸟类行为
搭配 observe the rules/laws 遵守规章 / 法律
observe + 从句 注意到……；观察到……
Observe carefully while the teacher is doing the experiment.老师在做实验时，你要仔细观察。
【词语积累】
observation n. 观察；观察结果 observer n. 观察者；观察员
【误区警示】
（1）observe sb/sth do 注意 / 观察到某人 / 某物做某事，强调动作的全过程；
（2）observe sb/sth doing 注意 / 观察到某人 / 某物正在做某事，强调动作正在进行；
（3）observe sb/sth done 注意 / 观察到某人 / 某物被……，强调动作的被动和完成；
（4）observe sb/sth being done 注意 / 观察到某人 / 某物正被……，强调动作的被动和进行。
写出句中 observe 的含义
（1） Helen is observing the stars using the telescope. 　 ______________　　
（2） They did not observe Facer come in and go upstairs. 　　　 ______________
（3） Wherever you are，you must observe the laws. 　　　 ______________
（4） I will invite Jackson to come to China to observe the Spring Festival. 　 ______________　　
单句语法填空
（5）The policeman observed a car 　　　　（run）on the left of the road and stopped it.
（6）I have never observed Tom 　　　　（act）like that.
（7）Mike observed the dog 　 　　（beat） by several children yesterday afternoon.
（8）Mike observed the dog 　 　　　（beat） by several children；he stopped them
from doing so.
观察；观测
注意
遵守　
庆祝
running
act
beaten
being beaten
教材原句p.41 If you are near objects that can fall, find a shelter to protect yourself from them .
你如果靠近可能坠落的物体，找个掩蔽的地方，保护自己躲避它们。
5 protect...from/against 保护……不受……（危害）
You should wear a mask to protect yourself from being affected by the disease.
你应该戴口罩以保护自己不受疾病的侵袭。
【归纳拓展】
表示“阻止……做某事”的常见短语：
keep... from doing sth stop...（from）doing sth
prevent...（from）doing sth discourage...from doing sth
【误区警示】
keep... from doing sth 中的 from 不能省略，因为如果省略，意思会发生变化：keep... doing sth 意为“使……一直做某事”。
在被动语态中，keep/stop/prevent... from doing sth 结构中的 from 都不能省略。
The government is considering further action to keep prices from going up.
政府正在考虑采取进一步措施阻止物价上涨。
单句语法填空
（1）The area along coasts seemed to protect people 　　 　　experiencing mental health
problems.
（2）They set up a wildlife reserve to protect animals from 　 　　　（hunt）.
（3） What can we do to prevent these animals from 　 　　　（disappear）
完成句子
（4） As you know, it is my duty　　　　　 my younger sisters _________________________　　　 　　　
（保护……免受伤害）when they are in danger.
（5） You’d better wear a pair of sunglasses___________________________________________　 　　　　　
（以保护眼睛免受伤害）.
（6）We 　 　　　　　　　　　　　（被阻止出去）by the heavy rain.
　
from/against
being hunted
disappearing
to protect from/against being hurt
to protect your eyes from/against being harmed
were prevented/stopped/kept from going out
教材原句p.43 New Zealand is home to 4. 7 million people ，31million sheep and 10 million cows . 新西兰有 470万人口，3，100 万只绵羊和 1，000 万头奶牛。
6 be home to （=be the home of） 是……的家园 / 栖息地 / 产地
China is home to pandas. 中国是大熊猫的故乡。
【归纳拓展】
at home 在家 at home and abroad 在国内外
be/feel at home 感到舒适 / 自在 make yourself at home 别拘束
单句语法填空
（1） Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes 　　　　animals both on land and sea
完成句子
（2）I began to 　　　　　　 （无拘无束）in the new school when I saw some familiar faces.
to
feel at home
教材原句p.43 It has a total area of 270，000 square kilometres and has two large islands （ the North Island and the South Island ）， as well as other smaller islands . 新西兰总面积 270，000 平方公里，有两个大的岛屿（北岛和南岛），以及其他更小的岛屿。
7 as well as 也；和；不但……，而且……；跟……一样好
Sarah has brains as well as beauty. 萨拉既有头脑又有美貌。
【误区警示】
（1）as well as 连接并列的句子成分；
（2）as well as 连接主语时，谓语动词的单复数由其前的主语决定。
Bob，as well as his parents，are going to the countryside tomorrow. （×）
Bob，as well as his parents，is going to the countryside tomorrow. （√）
鲍勃和他的父母明天要去乡下。
（3）not only A but also B 强调 B，作主语时，谓语动词与 B 保持一致。
【归纳拓展】
（1）as well 也，位于句末。
as well as=besides=in addition to=apart from=aside from=on top of 除……之外，还有……
（2）类似结构：
as/so long as 跟……一样；长达；只要
as soon as 一……就……
as/so far as 跟……一样远；远达
as much/many as 跟……一样多
as early as 跟……一样早；早在
单句语法填空
（1）As well 　　　　helping the homeless，he also helps those children with AIDS.
（2） The famous musician，as well as his students，　　 　　（invite） to perform at
the opening ceremony of the activity.
（3） Captions usually summarise the author’s main point 　　　　well.
（4）The teacher as well as his students 　 　　（enjoy） listening to classical music.
（5） Not only his parents but also Jim 　　　（be） interested in football.
完成句子
（6） They were also asked about their levels of exercise，their diets，　　　　 （也）
how much they smoked and drank.
（7）Some butterflies travel 　　　　 （远达） 3，000 miles when the weather turns cold.
（8） He plays the piano 　　　　 　（跟……一样好） Harry.
（9）Even cake is great once in a while，　　　　 （只要） you don’t overdo it.
　
as
was invited
as
enjoys
is
as well as
as far as
as well as
as long as
教材原句 p.43 It looks like a big ， scary grasshopper ， but it is actually harmless .
它看起来像一只可怕的大蚱蜢，但实际上是无害的。
8 harmless adj. 无害的
搭配：be harmless to 对……无害
The dog is harmless to children. 这条狗对孩子们是无害的。
【词语积累】
harm v. & n. 伤害；损害 harmful adj. 有害的
do/cause harm to 对……造成伤害 be harmful to 对……有害
Smoking is harmful to your health. So you’d better give it up.
吸烟对你的健康有害，因此，你最好戒掉它。
【归纳拓展】
与 harm 类似的单词：
care → careful（细心的）→ careless（粗心的）
help → helpful（有帮助的）→ helpless（无助的）
hope → hopeful（有希望的）→ hopeless（没有希望的）
单句语法填空
（1） The drug contains something 　 　　（harm），and it may do harm 　　　　the
human body. If you take a small amount of it，it will be 　　　　（harm）.
（2） This experiment was 　 　　　（harm）to the animals，so you needn’t worry.
完成句子
（3） Running 　　　　　　　（对 …… 无 害）your children. Instead，it will build
them up.
（4） Many lifestyles　　　　　　　　（对……有害） health nowadays.
harmful to
harmless
harmless
is harmless to
are harmful to
教材原句p.43 In fact ， one third of the country is made up of national parks ...
事实上，这个国家三分之一的地区都是由国家公园组成的……
9 be made up of 由……组成
A basketball team is made up of 12 players.
=12 players make up a basketball team.一支篮球队由 12 名队员组成。
【归纳拓展】
consist of 由……组成
be composed of 由……组成
make up 组成；构成
The US is made up of 50 states.
The US consists of 50 states.
The US is composed of 50 states.
Fifty states make up the US.
美国由 50 个州组成。
单句语法填空
（1） The majority of the universe is made up　　　dark matter and dark energy.
（2） The United Nations，　　　（make） up of more than 190 countries，
plays a very important part in international affairs.
（3） Listening is thus an active，not a passive behaviour consisting 　　　hearing，
understanding and remembering.
同义句转换
（4）The United Kingdom consists of four countries.
→ The United Kingdom　　　　　　　　four countries.
of
made
of
is made up of
教材原句p.45 The disappearance of the wolves brings disaster to the grassland and has inevitable negative effects on the farmers . 狼群的消失给草原带来了灾难而且对农民产生了不可避免的负面影响。
10 disappearance n. 消亡；消失
搭配 the disappearance of ……的消亡 / 消失
sudden disappearance 突然消失
His sudden disappearance made his parents worried.他的突然消失使他的父母很着急。
【词语积累】
appear vi. 出现 disappear vi. 消失；不见 appearance n. 外表；出现
judge by appearances 以貌取人 make an appearance 出席，露面
The singer made her first appearance in a concert in China.
这位歌手第一次露面是在中国的一场音乐会上。
单句语法填空
（1） It is possible that those genes could harm those creatures or even lead to their
_____________（disappear） from our planet.
（2） We are often attracted to somebody first by their physical 　 　　　（appear）.
（3） Before I had a chance to thank her，she had 　　 　　（appear） into the
crowd.
完成句子
（4）　　　　　　　　　　 （……的消失）the dinosaurs is in some way a great mystery.
（5） 你不该以貌取人。
________________________________
　.
disappearance
appearance
disappeared
The disappearance of
You shouldn’t judge by appearances.
重点句式
教材原句p.43 In fact ， it ’ s a common saying that in New Zealand ， you can get four seasons
in one day ! 事实上，俗话说，在新西兰，一天可以有四个季节！
【句式分析】 本句是一个复合句。It is a common saying that... 意为“俗话说……”，句中的 it 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面 that 引导的从句。
1 It is a common saying that... 俗话说……
It is a common saying that the weather in the UK is changeable.
俗话说，英国的天气变化多端。
【归纳拓展】
类似的结构：
It is a pity/shame that... 遗憾的是……
It’s no wonder that... 难怪……
It is a great pity that he lost the match.
真遗憾他输了这场比赛。
完成句子
（1） 俗话说，身正不怕影子斜。
　　　　　　　　　　　 　a clean hand wants no washing.
（2） 很遗憾你昨晚没有参加晚会。
　　　　　　　　　　　 　you didn’t attend the party last night.
（3） 俗话说，得朋友难，失朋友易。
　　　　　　　　　　　　 a friend is easier lost than found.
（4） 真遗憾，亨利没参加足球队员的选拔赛。
　　　　　　　　　　　　 Henry didn’t try out for the football team.
It is a common saying that
It is a great pity that
It is a common saying that
It is a great pity that
教材原句p.43 In fact ， one third of the country is made up of national parks ， which are full of hiking trails and beautiful campsites . 事实上，这个国家三分之一的地区都是由国家公园组成的，国家公园里到处都是远足小径和美丽的营地。
【句式分析】本句是一个复合句。which 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 national parks。句中的“百分数 + 名词”作主语，谓语动词的形式由名词的数决定。
2 “百分数 + 名词”作主语
One third of the books have been given out to the students in Grade One.
三分之一的书已经分发给一年级的学生了。
One third of the coal has been used up. 三分之一的煤已经用光了。
【误区警示】
population 单独作主语时，谓语动词用单数，但其前有百分数 / 分数时，谓语动词用复数。
The population of China is larger than that of any other country.中国的人口比任何其他国家都多。
About 30% of the population in the country live in the countryside.
那个国家大约 30% 的人口生活在农村。
单句语法填空
（1）The survey shows that only about one third of American seniors 　　　　（have） correct
habits.
（2） As the world’s population 　 　　（continue） to grow，the supply of food becomes
more and more of a concern.
（3） One third of the country 　　　　（be）covered with trees and the majority of the
citizens are black people.
（4） Two fifths of the students 　　　　（be）interested in the activity.
完成句子
（5）Up to now，two thirds of the project 　　　　　　　　　　（已经被完成）.
（6）About one third of the population in our city　　　　　　（来 自）other provinces.
have
continues
is
are
has been completed
come from
THE END