译林版（2019）选择性必修第一册Unit 4 Living with Technology Reading全文翻译对照详解课件（共55张PPT,内镶嵌视频）

(共55张PPT)
Unit 4 Living with technology
Reading 详解课件
新译林2020版 选必二
Artificial intelligence:
friendly or frightening
alliteration
eg. Sense and Sensibility
Pride and Prejudice
AI in our life
Look at the pictures below and answer.
What do the pictures in the passage imply
It demonstrates a significant advance in deep-learning AI systems.
Machines may have the ability to respond not only to human language but also to human feelings.
Someday AI machines may have their own thoughts and desires.
We may get controlled by what we have created.
Pre-reading
Sophia is a social robot developed by Hong Kong. She is the first robot to receive citizenship of any country.
This is Sophia.
Do you want Sophia to go into your house and live with you
机器人公民索菲亚
Key Phrases on P44
Artificial Intelligence: Friendly or Frightening
Imagine waking up one morning with the option of staying in bed and pressing a button to send a robot to do all the work for you. How cool that would be! It may seem like building castles in the air, but given the rate at which artificial intelligence, or AI, is being developed, in the future such dreams may actually come true.
想象一下，某天早上你醒来，可以选择继续躺在床上，按下一个按钮，就能召来一台机器人为你处理所有的工作。那该有多酷啊！这听起来可能像是在建空中楼阁，但鉴于人工智能（AI）目前的发展速度，这样的梦想在将来也许真的可以实现。
人工智能：是敌是友？
1. ... with the option of staying in bed ... (line 1)
n. 可选择的事物；选择的自由
have no option/choice/alternative but to do sth
have the option of doing.../to do...
optional adj.
Unit 4
I had no option but ____________(ask) him to leave.
Students have the option _____________(study) abroad in their second year.
Some courses are compulsory while others are ________ (option).
Our schools provide a wide variety of optional classes ___________(cater) to students of different levels.
Practice makes perfect.
to ask
to study
optional
to cater
At the basic level, artificial intelligence is a branch of computer science that aims to develop intelligent machines. One of the essential aims of AI is to develop computer intelligence capable of learning from experience, adjusting to new inputs and performing tasks like humans.
从基础层面上讲，人工智能是计算机科学的一个分支，其目标是研发智能机器。AI 的基本目标之一，是开发能够学习过往经验、适应新的输入内容并且能够像人类一样执行任务的计算机智能。
Para.2
例：1.他的目的是当总统。
His ____ was to become president.
2. 他的目标是接济最贫困的家庭。
He _______ help the poorest families.
At the basic level, artificial intelligence is a branch of computer science that aims to develop intelligent machines.
句意：在基础层面，人工智能是计算机科学的一个分支，旨在开发智能机器。
aim v. 旨在，致力于；针对；瞄准，对准
n. 目标，目的；瞄准，对准
aim to do 计划，打算；以……为目标
aim
aims to
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) 我的工作就是每天打扫房间。
My work is ____________ the room every day.
2) 他的梦想是当一名医生。
His dream is ___________ a doctor.
to clean
to be
例：他提出了新的和平建议。
He _____________ new peace proposals.
To achieve this aim, many approaches to
creating true AI have been put forward, including...
put forward 提出（计划、建议）
has put forward
【拓展】put forward还能怎么用？
1. We've put the wedding forward by one week.
2. Remember to put your clocks forward tonight.
3. Can I put your name forward for club secretary
将……提前
向前拨，拨快（时钟指针）
推荐，举荐
例：1.我们将探索收集信息的不同方法。
We will be exploring different __________ to gathering
information.
2.他没有立即走近前门。
He didn’t _________ the front door at once.
To achieve this aim, many approaches to
creating true AI have been put forward, including...
句意：为了实现这个目标，人们提出过许多创造真正的AI的方法，包括……
approach n. 方法，方式
v.走进；临近；几乎达到（某水平或状态）
approaches
approach
... AI have been put forward ... (line 10)
v. 提出（计划、建议、名称）
put off 推迟
put aside 把...放在一边，暂不考虑
put away 把...收好，储存
put down 记下， 镇压
put up with 忍受
put out 扑灭
put up 张贴，搭起， 提高价格
1. In Disneyland, every year, some 800,000 plants are replaced because Disney refused to ________ signs asking his “guest” not to step on them.
A. put down B. put out C. put up D. put off
2. When they had finished playing, the children were made ___________ all the toys they had taken out.
A. put off B. to put up C. put away D. to put away
Practice makes perfect.
C
D
3. All the medical workers in the region spared no effort to ___________ the influenza epidemic.
A. put up B. put out C. put down D. put off
4. The meeting has been ___________ as a result of the bad weather.
A. put away B. putting off C. put aside D. put off
Practice makes perfect.
C
D
To achieve this aim, many approaches to creating true AI have been put forward, including “deep learning”, which enables a machine to improve its own performance by learning from the results of its previous actions. Deep-learning AI has the capacity to analyse massive amounts of data through multiple layers, imitating the complex networks of the human brain.
为了实现这个目标，人们提出过许多创造真正的 AI 的方法，其中包括“深度学习”——这种方法可以让机器通过学习自己先前行为的结果，来提升自身性能。深度学习 AI 拥有从多个层次分析海量信息的能力，它模拟的是人脑的复杂网络结构。
Para.2
The dream of AI has been around for centuries, and the development of computers since the 1940s has finally made it a reality. Years before the term“artificial intelligence” was coined in the mid-1950s, the theory had been explored by Alan Turing, one of the pioneers in the
field of computer science. However, for a long time, AI technology developed very slowly.
AI 的梦想已经存在了几个世纪，而 20 世纪 40 年代以来计算机的发展，终于让这个梦想成为现实。“人工智能”这个术语是在 20 世纪 50 年代中期被创造出来的，而在好几年前，这一理论就被计算机科学领域的先驱之一艾伦 · 图灵探索过。然而在很长一段时间里，AI 技术发展得相当缓慢。
Para.3
Building your language
Translate the sentences into Chinese, and pay special attention to the underlined words.
(1) a. She took a handful of coins out of her bag.
b. Opportunity and risk are just two sides of the same coin.
c. The term “Silk Roadz” was coined by a German traveller and geographer.
她从包里掏出一把硬币。 coin n. （一枚）硬币
机遇和危机不过是同一枚硬币的正反面。coin n. （统称）硬币
“丝绸之路”一词是由一名德国旅行家、地理学家创造出来的。coin v. 创造（新词语）
A major breakthrough in AI came in 1997, when Deep Blue, a chess-playing computer, beat the world chess
champion Garry Kasparov. Then in 2017, a computer program named AlphaGo defeated Ke Jie, arguably the best human Go player, which demonstrated a significant advance in deep-learning AI systems.
1997 年，AI 发展有了
一个重大突破，当时一台名叫深蓝的国际象棋计算机打败了国际象棋世界冠军加里 · 卡斯帕罗夫。之后在 2017 年，一个叫阿尔法围棋的计算机程序下赢了可谓人类最强的围棋棋手柯洁，这说明了深度学习 AI 系统的一大显著进展。
Para.3
Deep Blue VS Carry Kasparow
Ke Jie VS AlphaGo
..., arguably the best human Go player ... (line 22)
adv. you can use arguably when you are stating your opinion or belief, as a way of giving more authority to it
arguable adj.
可论证的；有论据的
可疑的；无把握的
argue-argument-arguable-arguably
It is ___________(argue) that the majority of university students fall into this category.
We had an __________(argue) with the waiter about the bill.
He is _________(argue) the best actor of his generation.
Practice makes perfect.
arguable
argument
arguably
argue-argument-arguable-arguably
Key Phrases on P45
Nowadays, AI is already being applied in many fields: finance, health care, machine translation and art, to name but a few. From autonomous vehicles to domestic robots, from recommendation systems to computers writing novels, AI has an unlimited number of applications. Ordinary people are now using AI to get instant translations of text in foreign languages, and machines can recognize fingerprints and even faces.
如今，AI 已经应用于许多领域，如金融、医疗保健、机器翻译和艺术等，不一而足。从自动驾驶车辆到家用机器人，从推荐系统到撰写小说的电脑，AI 有着不计其数的应用。普通人现在能够使用 AI 获取外语文本的即时翻译，机器也已经能够识别人们的指纹甚至面容。
Para.4
In short, this technology is transforming the way we live. It is clear that we are at a turning point in history. With machines like AlphaGo now capable of thinking and learning from their mistakes, we are getting closer to the dividing line between humans and machines.The question is, where will all this lead
简而言之，这项技术正在改变我们的生活方式。显然，我们正处于历史的转折点。有了阿尔法围棋这种能够思考并从自身错误中学习的机器，我们正在向人类与机器的界限越靠越近。问题在于，这一切将会导致什么？
Para.5
句意：很明显，我们正处在历史的转折点上。
It is clear that we are at a turning point in history.
形式主语
(1) It+be+adj. (possible, obvious, important...)+that
(2) It+be+过去分词(said, thought, believed, supposed, reported...) +that
(3) It+不及物动词(occur, happen…)+that
(4) It be+名词短语(a pity, a fact, an honour, no wonder…) +that
2. It is reported that 16 people were killed in the earthquake.
3. It happened that I was out when he called.
4. It's a pity that you missed the exciting football match.
1. It's obvious that she was unhappy.
It作形式主语的相关句式：
While AI enthusiasts promise us a bright future where intelligent robots will be working to our advantage, these undoubted benefits also bring concerns and fears. Could machines really develop human-like intelligence And what would happen if they did Would thinking machines work alongside humans or threaten the existence of humans
AI 的热烈支持者向我们承诺未来会是美好的，到那时智能机器人将为人类谋利；但这些毋庸置疑的好处也带来了忧虑和恐惧。机器真的能够发展出像人类一样的智能吗？如果真的可以，又会发生什么？能够思考的机器是会与人类并肩工作，还是会威胁人类的生存？
Para.5
句意：虽然人工智能爱好者向我们承诺，智能机器人将为我们带来一个光明的未来，但这些毋庸置疑的好处也带来了担忧和恐惧。
While AI enthusiasts promise us a bright future where intelligent robots will be working to our advantage, these undoubted benefits also bring concerns and fears.
例1：We have reached a stage where we have almost no
rights at all.
例2：We were put into a position where we had either to
accept we were less important or fight the government.
先行词为抽象地点名词的定语从句
当先行词为抽象地点名词case, situation, position, atmosphere, stage, activity, family, future, phenomenon, scene和point等且关系词在从句中作状语时，常用where或in which来引导定语从句。
How would they be punished if they committed crimes or even murdered humans As we become more and more dependent on computers, some scientists are urging us to think about the dangers posed by the advances in AI. Stephen Hawking, for example, warned,“The development of full artificial intelligence could spell the end of the human race.”
如果它们犯了罪甚至谋杀了人类，又该如何惩罚？随着我们对电脑的依赖越来越深，一些科学家正敦促我们思考 AI 的进步所带来的危险。例如，斯蒂芬 · 霍金就曾警告说：“完全人工智能的发展可能意味着人类的终结。”
Para.5
Read Paras. 4-5, and fill the following chart.
Artificial intelligence
While-reading
Friendly
Frightening
drive vehicles
write novels
translate foreign languages
develop human-like intelligence
threaten the existence
dangers
commit crimes
... could spell the end of the human race. (lines 45-46)
v. 招致； 意味着（通常指坏事）
spell-spelled-spelled(spell-spelt-spelt)
试译：The development of full artificial intelligence could spell the end of the human race.
完全人工智能的发展可能意味着人类的终结。
Translate the sentences into Chinese, and pay special attention to the underlined words.
(2) a. Would you please spell your family name
b. Some people are worried that artificial intelligence would spell disater for mankind.
请问您可以拼一下您的姓氏吗？
spell v. 用字母拼；拼写
有些人担心人工智能将给人类招致灾难。
spell v. 招致，意味着
Apparently, such warnings demand our attention. We need to make sure that we will not fall victim to AI. We may still think it would be fantastic to relax all day and allow autonomous machines to do all the work for us — but perhaps we should not be too greedy and rather be careful what we wish for!
显然，这样的警告需要得到我们的重视。我们需要确保自己不会沦为 AI 的受害者。我们可能还是会认为，可以整天放松，让自动化机器为我们完成所有工作，这样的生活很美妙——但也许我们不该太过贪婪，而应对我们的期待保持谨慎！
Para.6
人工智能未来会走向何方？
AI is being in various fields, ____________ the way we live.
The development of AI has also brought _______.
Introduction
Para. 1: AI can make your dreams __________.
Para. 3:
Supporting details
Para. 4:
Para. 5:
A1
Read the lecture transcript and complete the chart below with the main idea of each paragraph.
come true
branch
imitating
transforming
applied
developed
While-reading
Para. 2:
AI is a ________of computer science that aims to create intelligent machines, ________ the complex networks of the human brain.
AI has _____________ over a long time and had some major _____________.
breakthroughs
concerns
Conclusion
Para. 6:
A1
Read the lecture transcript and complete the chart below with the main idea of each paragraph.
We need to make sure that we will not fall ________ to AI.
victim
While-reading
To achieve this aim, many approaches ___ creating true AI have been put forward.
Years before the term “artificial intelligence” _________ (coin) in the mid-1950s, the theory ________________(explore) by Alan Turing, one of the pioneers in the field of computer science.
A major breakthrough _____ AI came in 1997, ________ Deep Blue, a chess-playing computer, beat the world chess champion Garry Kasparov.
Unit 4
to
Text Review
was coined
had been explored
in
when
7. Nowadays, AI is already being applied in many fields: finance, health care, machine translation and art, ________________(不一而足).
8. ______ recommendation systems to computers writing novels, AI has an _________(limit) number of applications.
9. It is clear that we are ___ a turning point in history.
10. While AI __________(enthusiastic) promise us a bright future ______intelligent robots will be working ______ our advantage, these undoubted benefits also bring concerns and fears.
Unit 4
to name but a few
Text Review
unlimited
From
at
enthusiasts
to
where
11. How would they be punished if they _________ (commit) crimes
12. As we become more and more dependent ________ computers, some scientists are urging us __________(think) about the dangers __________(pose) by the advances in AI.
13. We need to make sure that we will not fall victim ______AI.
14. We may still think it would be fantastic to relax all day and allow ______________(autonomy) machines to do all the work for us.
Unit 4
committed
Text Review
on
to think
posed
to
autonomous
(P47 B1)The passage below is about facial recognition technology. Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words and phrases in the box below.
apparently urge warning fall victim to
analyse pose network to name but a few
Technology is changing the face of the world, and now faces are changing technology too. Facial recognition technology, with its capacity to (1)_______ a huge amount of data, has come into widespread use.
analyse
It works by comparing the facial features of given images with those in a database. It offers a quick and cool alternative to traditional passwords, and you cannot forget your own face! In theory, (2)_________ which use our own body as passwords should also be safer from hackers and better protect us from identity theft than those that use traditional passwords, mainly because every individual is unique. This technology is especially useful in public places: airports and railway stations, (3)________________.
networks
apparently urge warning fall victim to
analyse pose network to name but a few
to name but a few
However, facial recognition technology has also started to (4)_____ some difficult questions. Experts have been giving (5)___________ about this technology, saying it may not be as good as we think. Facial expressions often vary, which makes facial recognition less effective. Moreover, there is growing concern that we might (6)____________ this technology, as there are cases in which hackers have broken into facial recognition systems by using people’s social media photos to build models of their faces.
warnings
pose
apparently urge warning fall victim to
analyse pose network to name but a few
fall victim to
Scientists and engineers (7)_________________________ to improve existing technology and make it fail-safe. (8)___________, this will be a tough task. Whatever happens, we need to make sure that facial recognition technology can be trusted or we will have to face the consequences.
are urged / have been urged
Apparently
apparently urge warning fall victim to
analyse pose network to name but a few
同位语从句与定语从句
(1) 同位语从句是用来说明它前面名词的内容的；定语从句是用来限定它前面的先行词的范围或补充一些情况的。
e.g. The news that I have passed the exam is true.
The news that he told me just now is true.
(2) 引导同位语从句的that是连词，在从句中不充当任何成分；引导定语从句的that是关系代词，除起连接作用外，还在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等。
e.g. The idea that computers can recognize human’s voices surprises many people.
The idea that he gave surprises many people.
【语境应用】判断画线部分是同位语从句还是定语从句。
1) I got the news that Tom would go abroad. ____________
2) The suggestion that he put forward was turned down. _____________
3) The suggestion that the meeting should be delayed was put forward. ____________
同位语从句
同位语从句
定语从句
break短语
break in 闯入；打断； 插嘴
break away from 脱离，摆脱
break down （机器）损坏，破坏，分解
break off 中断
break out 突发，爆发
break through 突破，突围
break up 打碎，分裂
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) The thieves _________________ and stole some money.
小偷闯入办公室，偷了一些钱。
2) The crowd __________________.
人群爆发出一阵欢呼。
3) Negotiations between the two sides ________________.
双方谈判失败了。
broke into the office
broke into cheers
have broken down
4) Scientists think they are beginning to _____________ in the fight against cancer.
科学家认为他们在对抗癌症的研究中开始有所突破。
5) Their marriage _____________.
他们的婚姻已经破裂。
6) I was still living in London when the war ____________.
战争爆发的时候我还住在伦敦。
break through
has broken up
broke out
Read the abbreviations of the passage and fill in the blanks with one appropriate word or the correct form of the word in brackets
With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, many sweet dreams 1.________ a robot doing all the work for you may come true.
AI is a branch of computer science that aims to develop intelligent machines, 2. ________(design) for better work and higher efficiency, and people have been in pursuit of the dream of AI for many years. Especially in 2017, a computer program named AlphaGo beat Ke Jie, 3. ________(show) a large leap in AI systems.
Nowadays, AI 4. ______________(use) in quite a few fields, such as looking after patients, 5. ____________(perform) surgeries, writing novels, driving, translating, to name 6. ______ a few. People feel their life is becoming more and more 7. ____________(convenience). This technology is changing our lifestyle for the better.
like
designed
showing
has been used
performing
but
convenient
Extra Exercise
8. ____________，with machines taking the place of humans, here
come concerns and fears. People will become more 9. ________(rely) on AI machines and they may pose a great threat to the existence of humans, spelling the end of the human race.
To conclude, we should sincerely welcome the 10. ________(arrive) of AI, but at the same time, we should be careful of the application of it.
reliant
arrival
However
Extra Exercise