(共34张PPT)
外研选择性必修
第一册
Unit 1
Period 4
Reading
教学目
Lead-in
Who are the writers of these works
1
2
To find out the main idea of the passage and learn from Mark Twain’s and Lin Yutang’s sense of humour
To use the key language points from the passage correctly
目标一：To find out the main idea of the passage and learn from Mark Twain’s and Lin Yutang’s sense of humour
Activity 1: Read the short introductions to Mark Twain and Lin Yutang and share what else you know about them with the class.
Mark Twain (1835 -1910) was an American writer, humorist, lecturer and adventurer, who acquired international fame for his travel narratives, in particular The Innocents Abroad and for his adventure stories of boyhood, such as The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.
Lin Yutang (1895-1976) was a Chinese writer, translator, linguist, philosopher and inventor. His informal but sophisticated style of writing, in both Chinese and English, made him one of the most influential writers of his generation. His most famous works include My Country and My People and The Importance of Living. He’s also known as a wise and witty populariser of Chinese philosophy and the Chinese way of life.
Mark Twain
Birthplace: Florida, Mississippi
Nationality: American
Education: not too much education, a lot experiences of different kinds of jobs
Other famous masterpieces:
Running for Governor《竞选州长》
The Gilded Age《镀金时代》
The Prince and the Pauper《王子与乞丐》
The Millions Pounds Bank Note《百万英镑》
Lin Yutang
Birthplace: Longxi, Fujian
Nationality: Chinese
Education: Master of Arts in Harvard University, Doctor of Linguistics in University Leipzig（莱比锡大学）
Other famous masterpieces:
Moment in Peking《京华烟云》
adapted as TV series twice
Between Tears and Laughter《啼笑皆非》
Both originally written in English
Activity 2: Read the title and the pictures, predict what the passage is about.
It is about the importance of humour and Mark Twain and Lin’s attitude towards humour.
Activity 3: Read the passage quickly and find out the main idea of each paragraph.
Para.1 _______________________________________ ____________________________________________
Para.2 _______________________________________ ____________________________________________Para.3 _______________________________________ ____________________________________________Para.4_______________________________________ ____________________________________________
Para.5_______________________________________ ____________________________________________
Humour has been an essential part of human behaviour for thousands of years
Mark Twain is remembered for his ability to combine humour with more serious messages.
Lin Yutang became famous for his unique brand of humour as a well-known bilingual writer.
Lin's quick wit helped make him famous as a master of humour.
Both Twain and Lin understood the importance of humour.
Activity 4: Read the passage and find out Mark Twain and Lin’s attitude towards humor.
Mark Twain and Lin’s attitude towards humour is positive / favorable. And they practised what they preached.
Activity 5: Read the passage again, decide the genre , analyse the structure of it.
This text is an essay. The title of the text is the importance of humor. First, the author introduces the topic—Humor is an important part of human behavior. Then, he expounds the importance of humor through the humorous stories of Mark Twain and Lin Yutang. At last, he gives the conclusion: humor is not only a way of life, but also a tool to illuminate the world.
Parts Para.(s)
Introduction 1
Body 2、3、4
Conclusion 5
Activity 6: Organise information from the passage and complete the diagram.
Learning to learn
A punch line concludes a joke and is intended to make people laugh. In a broader sense, a punch line can also refer to the unexpected and funny conclusion of any performance, situation or story.
Introduction
Humour is an essential part of 1 _________________ . Authors have used it to 2 ______________, and throw new light on 3 _______________________________.
Mark Twain
Remembered for: ability to 4 _________________ with more 5 ___________________
Writing style: 6 ___________________________
Example: 7 ___________________________________
Also well known for his witty remarks
Example: 8 ___________________________________
_____________________________________________
human behaviour
entertain
sensitive or emotive issues
combine humour
serious messages
funny and often mischievous
The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
“That’s just my luck. I always have to stand when that fellow lectures!”
Lin Yutang
Famous for his unique brand of humor
Evidence:___________________________________
9__________________________________________
Quick wit helped make him famous as 10_______________________.
Example 11_________________________________________
_________________________________________________
Conclusion
Humor is a 12_________________and a tool that can be used to 13_____________________.
He borrowed “youmo” from Ancient Chinese as the translation for the English word “humour”
a master of humour
He told a story about a cruel Roman emperor who tried to feed a man to wild animals during the dinner at a university.
way of life
illuminate the world
Activity 7: Think and Share
1. Why is Lin Yutang’s joke about the man and wild animals funny
Because with the little joke, Lin was able to make people laugh, while gently telling off the president.
2 Do you agree with Mark Twain’s remark on humour at the end of the passage Give your reasons.
Yes. Humor is a gift which can make our life much easier and more colorful.
3 How can a sense of humour help you in your daily life Give an example.
When I failed in my exam I can say to myself that there is more progress for me to make to avoid being discouraged.
4 In what ways do the two reading passages in this unit help you to better understand the meaning of having a light-hearted attitude towards life
The two reading passages are based on humorous stories of Mark Twain and Lin Yutang’s own experiences. They tell us that when we are faced with an awkward situation, if we face it with a light-hearted attitude we will have a much easier time.
Activity 8: Discuss and present your opinion of the equation from the passage.
Reality+Dreams+Humour=Wisdom
1 Work out the meaning of this equation. Consider the following:
What is your understanding of “reality” and “dreams”
What is the function of “humor” in this equation
What is your understanding of “wisdom”
2 Decide whether you agree with Lin’s definition of wisdom. Think of examples to support your opinion and make notes.
3 Share your opinion with the class.
Now think about your performance in this activity. What your contribution did you make to your group How could you improve your performance
Sample:
Everyone lives in reality. In reality, one must pursue dreams if he wants to live a meaningful life. A person’s life would be boring if there is no way to let him relax on his way to pursue his dream. If we use humor to enrich our life, our life will be more colorful. That is the wisdom of life.
目标二: To use the key language points from the passage correctly
Activity 1: Find the important words, phrases, and language points you want to share with your partner. Then discuss in groups and share their usage with the class.
1 remark n 言论、意见、评论；v 名声，名誉
【教材原文】But he is equally well known for his witty remarks in his everyday interactions with people.
但他同样因他在日常与人交往过程的机智言谈而出名。
【知识归纳】
(1) make a remark/remarks on/about... 对......发表评论
(2) remark on/upon..评论
(3) remark that评论.
【即学即练】单句语法填空
When she is put in a situation where she has to make a remark _________ others, she usually changes the topic.
on/about
2 spot n. 地点; 处所
【教材原文】Once, having been invited to dinner at a university, he was put on the spot when the president suddenly asked him to give a speech.
有一次, 他被邀请去一所大学吃饭, 当校长突然要求他发表演讲时, 他很尴尬。
【知识归纳】
(1)spot sb. doing sth. 发现某人正在做某事
be spotted with 散布; 点缀
(2)on the spot 当场; 在现场; 在危险中; 处于负责地位
put sb. on the spot (故意提出难以回答或尴尬的问题)使某人难堪
【即学即练】语法填空
(1) Someone spotted him _________ (leave) the building soon afterwards.
We need to know about the views of the people _________ the spot so that we can make a final decision.
leaving
on
3 cruel adj. 残忍的
【教材原文】..., Lin started to tell a story about a cruel Roman emperor who...
……, 林语堂开始讲述一个残忍的罗马国王……
【归纳拓展】
be cruel to 对……残忍
It is cruel of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事是残忍的
cruelty n. 残酷; 残忍; 残酷的行为
cruelly adv. 残酷地; 残暴地; <口>极度地; 非常
【即学即练】语法填空。
(1)Some feel that keeping animals in enclosures is a kind of _________ (cruel).
(2)I could not help asking the Heaven in heart, “Why would you treat a poor family so _________ (cruel) ”
cruelty
cruelly
4 whisper v.悄声说，低语 n.低语，耳语
【教材原文】Again, the man whispered something in the tiger’s ear. 这个男人又在老虎的耳边轻声说了什么
【知识归纳】
whisper (sth. ) in one’s ear 在某人耳旁小声说某事
whisper to sb. 对某人耳语
It’s whispered that. . . 私下说……
in a whisper/whispers 低声说; 小声地说
【即学即练】语法填空
(1) Mum whispered _________ us, “Be quiet! Your little sister is sleeping.”
(2) They talked with each other _________ a whisper in the corner.
to
in
5 throw light on使……显得清楚; 阐明……; 照亮
*While these same jokes might not be as funny to us now as they were then,their authors understood that humour could not only entertain but also throw new light on sensitive or emotive issues.
虽然这些相同的笑话对我们来说可能不像过去那么好笑, 但它们的作者明白, 幽默不仅可以娱乐, 而且可以为敏感或情绪化的问题带来新的启发。
【归纳拓展】
throw away 扔掉
throw about 乱丢; 乱扔
throw cold water on 泼冷水; 打击……热情
常见的“动词+名词+介词”结构的短语
catch sight of 看见; 瞥见
get rid of 除掉; 处理掉
get hold of 得到; 抓住
make use of 利用; 使用
take advantage of 利用
6 think on one’s feet头脑反应很快; 才思敏捷
*Thinking on his feet, Lin started to tell a story about a cruel Roman emperor who tried to feed a man to wild animals.
林头脑反应很快, 开始讲述一个残酷的罗马皇帝试图把一个人喂给野生动物的故事。
【归纳拓展】
on foot 步行
foot by foot(=step by step) 一步一步地; 逐渐
on one’s feet 站起; 恢复健康; 经济独立
bring/ raise sb. to sb. ’s feet 扶起某人
struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来
rise to one’s feet 站起身来
stand on one’s own feet 独立, 自立
7 tell off斥责; 责骂
*With this little joke, Lin was able to make people laugh, while gently telling off the president.
有了这个小笑话, 林能够让人们笑起来, 同时又温和地责备了校长。
【归纳拓展】
tell sb. /sth. apart 区分开
tell sb. /sth. from sb. /sth. 把……与……区分开
tell the difference between. . . and. . . 区分……和……的不同
to tell(you) the truth 坦白说; 说实话
tell a lie(=tell lies) 撒谎
tell jokes(=tell a joke) 讲笑话
【即学即练】语法填空。
(1) The two brothers are so much alike that their own mother can hardly tell them_________.
(2) The twins are so alike; it’s difficult to tell the difference _________ them.
(3) Child as he was, he could tell right _________ wrong.
apart
between
from
8 When Twain replied that he didn’t, the barber told him that if he wanted to go to the event he would have to stand, as there were no seats left in the theatre.
Paraphrase: When Twain replied that he didn’t have a ticket, the barber told him that he would have to stand if he wanted to go to the lecture, for there were no seats left in the theatre.
本句的句式结构较为复杂，主句的主语是the barber，句首的When 引导时间状语从句；主句谓语动词told后面是一个that引导的宾语从句，宾语从句中含有as引导的原因状语从句和if引导的条件状语从句。
9 Once, having been invited to dinner at a university, he was put on the spot when the president suddenly asked him to give a speech.
Paraphrase: When he was once invited to dinner at a university, he felt embarrassed when the president suddenly asked him to give a speech.
本句中having been invited...是现在分词的完成被动形式，它的逻辑主语是he，表示的动作和主句的主语为被动关系，且发生在主句谓语动词was put on the spot 之前，在句子中作时间状语。现在分词的完成形式除可以作时间状语外，还可以作原因状语。例如：Having been ill for two weeks，she felt rather weak.（由于病了两周，她感到身体很虚弱。）
10 Then along came a tiger.
Paraphrase: Then a tiger came along.
本句是一个完全倒装句。一般情况下，有以下两种情况之一的句子需要用完全倒装：
1）当here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于首，谓语动词用be, come, go, lie, run等表示状态或移动的动词时，句子需要用完全倒装语序。例如：Then came the bus.（那时公交车来了。）
2）当out, in, down, away, along, ahead 等副词置于句首，谓语是表示运动的动词时，句子需要用完全倒装语序。例如；Out rushed the children.（孩子们冲了出来。）
需要注意的是，当主语是代词时，句子不能用完全倒装。
例如：Here I am.（我来了。）Away they went.（他们走了。）
Activity 2: Complete the summary with the correct words or the correct forms of the words in the bracket according to the passage.
Humour has been an essential part of human 1___________ (behave) for thousands of years. Medieval writings are filled with jokes, which might not be as funny to us now as they were then. But their authors 2___________ (understand) that humour could not only entertain, but also throw new light 3___________ sensitive or emotive issues. Of all the writers in modern times, the 4 ___________ (typical) humorists are Mark Twain and Lin Yutang. The former is an American novelist, 5___________ is famous for his particular style of writing-funny and often mischievous, while the latter, a bilingual writer, is well-known for his unique brand of humour.
behavio(u)r
understood
on
most typical
who
Lin 6___________ (creative) borrowed “youmo” from Ancient Chinese as the translation for “humour”. Meanwhile, both of them 7_____________ (remember) for their witty and humorous 8___________ (remark) in the everyday interactions with people. Humour plays 9___________ important part in our life. 10.___________ (share) jokes and laughing together can bring individuals and even communities together. Some people argue that our need for humour is almost as great as our need for air and water. In the words of Mark Twain, “Humor is mankind’s greatest blessing”.
creatively
are remembered
remarks
an
Sharing
1 Can you introduce Mark Twain and Lin Yutang in your own words
2 Do you think humour is so important Why (共37张PPT)
外研选择性必修
第一册
Unit 1
Period 1
Starting out & Understanding ideas (I)
1
2
To know types of comedy and check how fun you are
To know the information about clown doctors and talk about the value of their work
目标一: To know types of comedy and check how fun you are.
Activity 1: Watch the video and answer the questions.
1 What forms of comedy are mentioned in the video
2 Have you ever been to a comedy show Share your experience with the class.
1 Stage plays with happy endings, comedy acts with clowns, cross-talk, stand-up, sitcom and comedy film.
2 Yes, I have. I laugh now and then, and forget those unhappy things. Maybe I’ll develop a more positive attitude towards life.
Activity 2: Complete the questionnaire and find out if you are fun to be with.
1 You tell a joke,which none of your friends find funny. How do you react
a Laugh anyway and apologise for your sense of humour.
b Tell the joke again,but louder and more slowly.
c Criticise your friends’ sense of humour and walk off.
2 It’s a Saturday afternoon and you’re not doing much. A friend calls and invites you on an adventure to explore a new town. What do you say
a “Of course! I’ll be ready in fifteen minutes!”
b “Sounds interesting. Tell me more about it.”
c “No, thanks. Maybe next time.”
3 You and some friends get lost in an area you’ve never been to before. What do you do
a Lift the mood with a joke and explore the area.
b Stay positive and try to find your way back.
c Show everyone you are worried and complain.
4 You receive a birthday present from a friend, but when you open
the box it’s empty. How do you feel
a Think it is a good joke and laugh about it.
b Feel hurt, but try to laugh about it.
c Get angry and tell your friend it is a silly joke.
5 You’re skateboarding with a friend and he falls over
in a dramatic way. What do you do
a Laugh loudly non-stop because it’s so funny!
b Check if he’s OK and make him feel better with a joke.
c Help him get back up and avoid mentioning his fall.
Turn to Page 84 to find out your result.
目标二:To know the information about clown doctors and talk about the value of their work
Activity 1: Look at the pictures and tick the places where you would expect to see a clown.
a private garden
a circus
a busy street
√
a hospital
an amusement park
a theatre
√
√
Now share what you know about clowns with the class.
Activity 2: Read the passage and find out what is special about this clown’s job.
This clown works in a hospital or other health care facilities. His job is to comfort, entertain and cheer up patients, their families as well as the hospital staff in order to remove their nervousness and make them feel better.
Activity 3: Match the main idea with its corresponding paragraph.
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 4
Paragraph 5
Paragraph 6
A.Which patient is in need of the clown doctor’s attention and why
B.What is a clown doctor and why did the author choose to be one
C.How does the author feel after a day’s work
D.What are the responsibilities of a clown doctor
E.How does the clown doctor help the patient
F. What does this clown doctor wear and what is his working environment like
Activity 4: Match the questions to the paragraphs and find out the answers.
1 What does this clown doctor wear and what is his working environment like
2 Which patient is in need of the clown doctor’s attention and why
This clown doctor wears a white coat, a curly rainbow wig, and a big red nose. His working environment is boring and tense.
A small girl called Lara is in need of the clown doctor’s attention, because she fell off her bicycle and spent her time crying in pain.
3 What is a clown doctor and why did the author choose to be one
4 What are the responsibilities of a clown doctor
A clown doctor is a specially trained clown who works as part of a programme known as “hospital clowning”; the clown doctor helps people (patients) by entertaining them. The author chose to be a clown doctor because of his frightening and boring experience of going to hospital when he was a kid.
A clown doctor visits hospitals and other health care facilities, working together with medical professionals to cheer up patients, their families and the hospital staff.
5 How does the clown doctor help the patient
6 How does the author feel after a day’s work
He gets the patient’s attention by doing a magic trick — he produces the patient’s sock from out of his pocket.
He is still wearing a big smile as he remembers all the fun and laughter of the day, because he believes that “laughter is the best medicine”.
Activity 5: Organise information from the passage and complete the job advertisement.
CLOWN DOCTORS WANTED!
Employer The Healthy Humour Foundation
Job Clown Doctor (part-time)
Responsibilities
visit hospitals and other 1 __________________ on a weekly basis
entertain young patients who are feeling 2 _____________________
cheer up the patients, their families and 3 _____________
sing songs, tell stories and jokes, and do 4 ____________
help make the hospital 5 _______________________
Send your CV to: healthyhumourfoundation@
health care facilities
nervous, pain or bored
the hospital staff
magic tricks
a friendlier place to visit
Activity 6: Complete the diagram comparing clown doctors and medical doctors.
Clown doctors
train as actors
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________
Medical doctors
need medical training
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________
Similarities
wear white coats
________________________________________________________________________
Similarities
wear white coats
work in hospitals or other health care facilities
aim to make patients and their family members feel better
Differences
Clown doctors
Medical doctors
train as actors
put on curly rainbow wigs and big red noses
may have no or little medical knowledge
usually help children
can’t do medical examinations for patients
cheer up patients, their families, and the hospital staff
need medical training
needn’t act as actors but humour is preferred, of course
usually help patients of all ages
give medical prescriptions
relieve patients’ physical pain
Activity 7: Think and Share
1 How important do you think clown doctors are
2 What is your understanding of the saying “laughter is the best medicine” Do you agree with it Why
They cheer up patients, their families, and the hospital staff to make them feel better. So their work is necessary.
I agree with it because laughter not only helps to protect you from the damaging effects of stress or pain, but also helps to improve your health by strengthening your immune system.
3 Would you like to work as a clown doctor Why or why not
4 How does the diagram in Activity 6 help you better understand the passage
I’d love to be a clown doctor because being a clown doctor can bring benefits to patients.
The form in activity 6 tells me that clown doctors are different from medical doctors. They do an equally important job and are irreplaceable.
外研选择性必修
第一册
Unit 1
Period 1
Starting out & Understanding ideas (II)
Activity 8: Find the important words, phrases, and language points you want to share with your partner. Then discuss in groups and share their usage with the class.
1 entertain v. 使快乐
*Being a clown doctor means I can help people by entertaining them.
作为一个小丑医生意味着我可以通过使他们快乐来帮助人们。
entertaining adj. 令人愉快的
entertained adj. 娱乐的; 愉快的
entertainer n. 表演者, 演艺人员; 艺人
entertain sb. with sth. 用某物招待某人
entertain sb. to sth. 用某物招待某人
entertainment n. 娱乐; 消遣
to one’s entertainment 使某人高兴的是
2 look through浏览; 仔细检查(某物); 穿过……看
*People sit uncomfortably on plastic chairs, looking through old magazines, all of which have been read hundreds of times previously.
人们不舒服地坐在塑料椅子上，翻看旧杂志，这些旧杂志以前已经
被阅读过数百次了。
【归纳拓展】
look on 袖手旁观
look out for 小心; 搜寻(某人或某物)
look down on 瞧不起
look into 调查; 查找
look up to 尊敬
look up 查阅
【即学活练】语法填空。
(1)Look _______ the newspaper to see if anything important took place in the world.
(2)We shouldn’t look down _______ the people who are in rags.
(3)There is someone around you who deserves looking up _______.
through
on
to
3 in pain 痛苦地, 疼痛地
*Since getting here, Lara has spent her time crying in pain.
自从来到这里，劳拉一直在痛苦地哭泣。
【归纳拓展】
have a pain/pains in... ……部位疼
take pains to do sth. 努力做某事; 费尽力气做某事
spare no pain 不遗余力, 全力以赴
be a pain (in the neck) 令人极其讨厌
【即学即练】语法填空。
(1)I took great pains _______ (keep) the house clean.
(2)I’ve had a terrible pain _______ my stomach.
to keep
in
4 be designed for为……所设计; 设计用于……
Although the doctors and nurses did a great job, hospitals weren’t really designed for children.
尽管医生和护士工作出色，但医院的确不是为孩子们（专门）设计的。
【归纳拓展】
designer n. 设计师
by design=on purpose 有意地, 故意地
be designed as sth. 被设计为
be designed for sb. /sth. 为某人/物而设计
be designed to do sth. 被设计来做某事
【即学即练】语法填空。
(1)It’s said that the early European playing cards were designed _______ entertainment and education.
(2)Most colleges now offer first-year students a course, which is specially designed ______ (help) them succeed academically and personally.
for
to help
5 cheer up (使)高兴起来; (使)振作起来
*On a typical day, we spend our time cheering up patients, their families, and more often than not, the hospital staff, too!
通常情况下，我们花时间让病人和他们的家人高兴起来，通常也包括医院的工作人员！
6 feel like 喜欢; 想要做某事
*Some children, though, don’t feel like laughing, especially if they’re in pain.
然而, 有些孩子却不想笑, 尤其是在他们感到疼痛的时候。
【归纳拓展】
feel like+名词， “觉得好像……”
feel like+物质名词， “摸上去像是……”
feel like+名词/代词， “觉得想做……”
feel like+doing “想做……”
feel like+反身代词， “感到舒适; 感觉身体好”
feel like+从句， “觉得好像是……”
【即学即练】语法填空。
(1)Why do I have to tell this news to him, I don’t feel like ______ (do) it.
(2)Leave me alone. Somehow I am not feeling ______ (me).
(3)I’m holding something that __________ a potato.
doing
myself
feels like
7 do the trick 奏效; 达到预期效果
*And my magic medicine does indeed seem to do the trick.
我的魔法药似乎确实有效。
【归纳拓展】
play a trick on sb. =play tricks on sb. 捉弄某人
trick sb. out of sth. 骗取某人某物
trick sb. into doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事
【即学即练】语法填空。
(1)Watch out for Jack because he is just playing tricks ______ you.
(2)He tricked me ______ believing that he had done a good deed.
on
into
8 concentrate on 集中精力于; 全神贯注于
*While the doctor concentrates on examining Lara’s ankle, I get her attention by doing a magic trick.
当医生专注于检查劳拉的脚踝时，我通过变一个魔术来吸引她的注意。
【归纳拓展】
concentrate on (doing) sth. 专心(做)某事
concentrate one’s mind/attention/oneself on
集中注意力于; 致力于; 专心于
focus on 集中精力于
fix/focus one’s mind/attention on/upon...
集中注意力于……
concentration n. 集中; 专心
【即学即练】语法填空。
(1)I’m concentrating my efforts ______ preparing for tomorrow’s interview.
(2)Speaking on the phone requires _________________ (concentrate) and takes a driver’s attention from the road.
on
concentration
【长句分析】
1 As I approach the hospital wearing my white coat, I look just like any other doctor.
Paraphrase：When I wear my white coat and come near to the hospital, I am like a medical doctor just like other doctors.
1）本句中的As 引导时间状语从句；wearing my white coat作伴随状语。
2）approach 在这里是及物动词，意为“接近”。它还可以作不及物动词。例如：Our holiday is approaching but we still haven’t decided where to go.（假期已经临近了，可是我们还没决定好去哪儿。）
3）在any other doctor中, any意为“任何一个”, 所以doctor用单数形式。
2 People sit uncomfortably on plastic chairs, looking through old magazines, all of which have been read hundreds of times previously.
Paraphrase: People sit on plastic chairs uncomfortably, reading old magazines, which have been read a lot of times before.
looking through old magazines 作伴随状语；all of which 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰old magazines.
3 Anxious parents do what they can to comfort nervous and crying children.
Paraphrase: Anxious parents do everything they can to comfort nervous and crying children.
what they can 是省略句，补充完整是what they can do；to comfort...是动词不定式作目的状语。
4 In the middle of this particular scene I spot a small girl whose ankle is twice its normal size.
Paraphrase: In the middle of this special scene I notice a small girl, this girl’s ankle is two times bigger than its normal size.
whose ankle is twice its normal size 是定语从句，修饰先行词 girl；twice its normal size意为“是它正常大小的两倍大”，这是固定句式，其中twice作限定词，后面接度量名词（表示大小、高度、长度、重量、数量、宽度等），twice也可以换为其他表示倍数的表达，即...times（倍）+ the/its + size/height/length/weight/amount/width +of....例如：The new house is four times the size of the old one.
（新房子是旧房子的四倍大。）
5 Although it’s the doctors and nurses who will treat her injury, it’s my job to make her feel better.
Paraphrase: Not like the job of the doctors and nurses which is to treat her injury, my job is to make her feel better.
it’s the doctors and nurses who will treat her injury是强调句式。强调句式的结构是“it+ be +强调的部分（主语/宾语/状语）+ that（如果强调人，可以用who）+句子的剩余部分”。本句的非强调句式是Although the doctors and nurses will treat her injury, it’s my job to make her feel better.
1 What does a clown doctor do to help the patients
2 Can you tell the value of a clown doctor (共16张PPT)
外研选择性必修
第一册
Unit 1
Period 3
Listening and Speaking
教学目
Lead-in
April Fool’s Day is on 1 April. It’s the one day of the year when people in many parts of the world play practical jokes on each other. Even newspapers, radio and TV stations play tricks on their readers and audiences. The jokes traditionally last until noon in the UK. But in some other countries, such as the US, they can last all day!
Did you know
1
2
To get the main idea of the radio program and note down detailed information
To tell a practical joke and make comments on practical jokes
目标一：To get the main idea of the radio program and note down detailed information
Activity 1: Describe the pictures and predict what the radio programme talks about.
A man is harvesting something off a tree.
A man is running near a house.
a
b
c
d
Two men are smelling a TV screen.
People are washing lions in the street.
Activity 2: Listen to the radio programme for the first time, check your prediction in activity 1 and summarize the main idea.
Mark tells the presenter Karen about three of the best practical jokes in history.
Practical joke: a trick that is intended to embarrass someone and amuse others.
Activity 3: Listen to the radio programme and choose the pictures mentioned.
a
b
c
d
√
√
√
Activity 4: Listen again and complete the notes.
Joke 1
Year: 1698
Main story: A newsletter reported people going to watch 1____________________ at the Tower of London. The joke was played on visitors throughout the 2__________________.
the washing of the lions
18th and 19th centuries
Joke 2
Year: 3_____________
Main story: The 4__________________ introduced an invention called “Smellovision”. It allowed 5__________________ over the airwaves.
Joke 3
Year: 6_____________
Main story: A news program told viewers that the spaghetti trees in Switzerland were having 7___________________
1965
BBC News Channel
smell to be carried
1957
a really good harvest
Now work in pairs. Discuss which of the practical jokes you think is funny.
Sample:
Student A: The jokes are really funny. I think the lion one is the funniest for it worked for more than two centuries. Which one do you think is the funniest
Student B: Yes, the lion one is funny, but the funniest one I think is the smellovision one. It reminds of the Emperor’s New Clothes; how could people smell something out of a screen! And some even said their eyes watered by the onion, wasn’t it ridiculous!
Student A: Yeah, funny enough. I am wondering if people would be annoyed when they knew they were fooled.
Student B: I guess not. Because that’s on April Fool’s Day, the jokes meant no harm and were out of amusing intention. Actually, a lot of people laughed as they knew they were taken in.
目标二: To tell a practical joke and make comments on practical jokes
Activity 1: Complete the boxes with expressions from the radio programme.
Let’s start with... It’s a good one!
I don’t get it. That’s so funny!
Now my favorite one... I can imagine!
Telling a story
Let’s start with...
Now my favorite one...
Make comments
It’s a good one!
I don’t get it.
That’s so funny!
I can imagine!
Activity 2: Work in pairs. Tell each other a funny story and make comments using the expressions in this section.
Sample 1:
Student A: My joke goes like this: I once changed all of my boss’ icons to open different programs. He clicked on Word and it opened Excel. He clicked on Firefox and it opened iTunes. I told IT about it in advance knowing he would take the computer to them.
Student B: That’s so funny.
Sample 2:
Student A: Last year on 1st, April, when I got to the class, I found I was actually in the third class. My roommate had set my alarm o’clock an hour back!
Student B: This is a good one. I have a joke: a man was told to go on business to another city. When he was on the train, he received his boss’s message: Happy April Fool’s day!
Student A: Oh, I can imagine.
1 Can you say some expressions to tell a story and give comments
2 Do you know more about April Fool’s Day (共30张PPT)
外研选择性必修
第一册
Unit 1
Period 2
Grammar & Vocabulary
1
2
To use non-defining attributive clauses correctly
To use the expressions about smile or laughter correctly
目标一：To use non-defining attributive clauses correctly
Activity 1: Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions.
a I walk through the doors into the waiting area, where there’s a familiar atmosphere of boredom and tension.
b... laughter produces chemicals to make people feel better, which means clown doctors can be helpful.
c I spent much of the time when I was there feeling frightened....
1 What do “where”, “which” and “when” refer to in each sentence
In sentence (a) “where” refers to “the waiting area”; in sentence (b) “which” refers to laughter produces chemicals to make people feel better; in sentence (c) “when” refers to “the time”
2 Which sentences contain a clause with essential information and which with extra information If you take away the clauses, do the sentences still make sense
Sentence (c) contains a clause with essential information, sentences (a) and (b) contain clauses with extra information. If we take away the clause of sentence (c), the meaning of it is incomplete. If we take away the clauses of sentences (a) and (b), the two sentences still make sense.
3 Which clauses are separated by a comma, the ones with essential information or the ones with extra information
Sentences (a) and (b) with extra information are separated by commas.
Now look for more sentences with non-defining attributive clauses in the reading passage, and summarise their uses in your own words.
1 People sit uncomfortably on plastic chairs, looking through old magazines, all of which have been read hundreds of times previously.
2 I speak with the on-duty nurse, who tells me that Lara’s parents rushed her to the hospital after she fell off her bicycle.
3 We have to be very sensitive and work closely with the doctors and nurses, who keep us updated on each patient.
In the first sentence “which” refers to “old magazines”; in the second sentence “who” refers to “the on-duty nurse”; in the third sentence “who” refers to “the doctors and nurses”. All of the three sentences still make sense if we take away their clauses.
Activity 2: Read the sentences below, find out something in common between them in the underlined parts.
1.The fire lasted for a whole night, which caused great damage.
2.This note was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago.
3.Yesterday Jimmy left for Canada, where he had stayed two years.
4.We will put off the meeting until next week, when we won’t be so busy.
5.The moon, which is about 384,400 kilometers away from the earth, creates many beautiful stories.
6.He bought a house, whose windows face south.
7.He, who devoted himself to art, set a good example to us.
8.The boy, whose father is an engineer, studies very hard.
9.He will put off the picnic until May 1st, when he will be free.
10.They went to London, where they stayed for six days.
11.Mike, whom you met in London, is now in Beijing.
12.Her mother, whom she loves very much, has gone abroad.
1.所有画线部分都是非限制性定语从句。
2.关系代词which代替sth.在定语从句中作主语或宾语。（第1、5句）
3.关系代词who代替sb.在定语从句中作主语或宾语。（第2、7句）
4.关系代词whom代替sb.在定语从句中作宾语。（第11、12句）
5关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语。（第6、8句）
6 关系副词when在定语从句中作时间状语。（第4、9句）
7关系副词where在定语从句中作地点状语。（第3、10句）
【语法精析】
非限制性定语从句只是对先行词进行补充说明，主从句的关系并不十分密切，如果去掉非限制性定语从句，主句的意思仍然完整清楚。非限制性定语从句和主句之间往往用逗号隔开。
一、非限制性定语从句的关系词
1.关系代词的选择
非限制性定语从句不能用关系代词that引导。指人时，如果关系词在从句中作主语，要用who，作宾语要用whom（此时whom不能用who替代）；指物时，关系词要用which，which在从句中作主语或宾语。在非限制性定语从句中，即使关系词在从句中作宾语也不能省略。whose引导非限制性定语从句时，指人或物，在从句中作定语。
Eg:
Mr Zhang, who came to see me yesterday, is an old friend of my father.
Peter, whom you met in London, is now back in Paris.
Mr Zhu, whose daughter was admitted to Tsinghua University last year, retired yesterday.
【Attention】which引导非限制性定语从句时，可以指代整个主句的内容。
Laura couldn’t come to our party, which was a pity.
2.关系副词的选择
在非限制性定语从句中,关系副词(when、where)的选择方法和在限制性定语从句中的一样, 即关系词在从句中作时间状语时用when,作地点状语时用where。
e.g The story in the book happened in Canada, where Doctor Bethune was born.
二、非限制性定语从句需要注意的问题
1.非限制性定语从句常常位于句末，但也可位于句中，
这时前后都需要用逗号隔开。
The children, who wanted to play football, were disappointed when it rained.
2.“介词+关系代词”也可以引导非限制性定语从句。
先行词指人时关系代词用whom,不可用who/that;先行词指物时,关系代词用which,不能用that。
A friend is someone who draws out your best qualities, with whom you sparkle and become more knowledgeable.
I bought a great many books, on which I spent all my money that I saved.
3.“名词/代词/数词+介词of+关系代词”引导的定语从句通常是非限制性定语从句。
Julie was good at German, French and Russian, all of which she spoke fluently.
4.“名词+介词of+关系代词”有时可以用“whose+名词”或“of+关系代词+名词”替换。
The building had been repaired, the roof of which was destroyed again in a big fire.
The building had been repaired, of which the roof was destroyed again in a big fire.
The building had been repaired, whose roof was destroyed again in a big fire.
5 as/which引导非限制性定语从句的区别
(1)as引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词一般为整个主句;而which引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词既可以是整个主句又可以是主句的一部分。
He finished the task in time, as we had expected.
The road was too slippy, which caused lots of accidents.
(2)as引导的非限制性定语从句的位置比较灵活，可位于句首、句中和句尾，而which引导的非限制性定语从句常位于先行词之后。
As everyone can see, she is very honest.
She is honest, which everyone can see.
(3)as引导非限制性定语从句时常意为“正如”，多用于固定搭配中:as is often the case(这是常有的事),as is expected(不出所料),as often happens(正如经常发生的那样) ,as is known to all(众所周知),as has been said before(如上所述),as is mentioned above(正如上面所提到的)等;而which 常意为“这一点,那”,并且主句和从句常存在逻辑上的因果关系。
He has to work on Sunday, which he doesn’t like.
As can be seen from his face,he is quite pleased.
三、限制性与非限制性定语从句的区别
区别 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
形式上 不用逗号与主句隔开。Do you still remember the man who taught us English 用逗号与主句隔开。I've been to London, which is a beautiful city.
意义上 是先行词不可缺少的定语,如删去,句子意思将不完整。 This is the book (which/that) he lost yesterday. 只是对先行词的补充说明,如删去,句子意思仍然完整、明确。
The book, which he lost yesterday, has been found.
译法上 通常译成先行词的定语。 He is the man who lives next to me. 他就是住在我隔壁的那个人。 通常译成与主句并列的分句。
He is a generous man, who lives next to me.
他是一个慷慨的人,住在我隔壁。
关系词的使用上 1.在从句中作宾语时可省略 2.可用that 1.不可省略
2.不可用that
Activity 3: Read the passage and rewrite the tips using non-defining attributive clauses. Add more tips to the list if you can.
SECRETS TO HAPPINESS
Achieving a positive state of mind isn’t easy for everyone. But there are ways to maintain a healthy mind even during times of difficulty.
Go for a walk in the countryside. There you can enjoy the beautiful views and a peaceful atmosphere.
Spend time with your family and friends. This will activate chemicals in your brain to make you feel happier.
Try to accept your mistakes. You can learn a lot through them.
Close your eyes and picture the future. You’ve made your dreams come true.
1 Go for a walk in the countryside, where you can enjoy the beautiful views and a peaceful atmosphere.
2 Spend time with your family and friends, which will activate chemicals in your brain to make you feel happier.
3 Try to accept your mistakes, where/through which you can learn a lot.
4 Close your eyes and picture the future, where you’ve made your dreams come true.
Activity 4: Complete the joke with the sentence parts in the box using who / which and put commas in the correct position.
has lost his patience by now
he thinks will impress Holmes
is lying next to him
he finds annoying
One day, Sherlock Holmes and Dr Watson go camping. They put up their tent under the stars and go to sleep. Suddenly, in the middle of the night, Watson is woken up by Holmes 1 ________________________ “Watson,” Holmes says, “look up at the stars, and tell me what they tell you.”
, who is lying next to him
Not quite sure what he means, Watson thinks Holmes is joking 2 ________________________ at this time of night. Even so, he replies, “I see millions of stars and it’s quite likely there are some planets like Earth. And if so, this means that there might also be life on other planets.” Watson is pleased with his answer 3 ________________________________ But Holmes 4 ___________________________________ shouts, “Watson, look around you! Use your eyes! Somebody’s stolen our tent!”
, which he finds annoying
, which he thinks will impress Holmes
, who has lost his patience by now
Activity 5: Think of a joke you find funny and write it down using non-defining attributive clauses where appropriate. Then share your joke with the class.
目标二: To use the expressions about smile or laughter correctly
Activity 1: Listen to the conversations for the first time and get its main idea.
They talk about different scenes by using expressions about smile or laughter.
Activity 2: Listen and complete the conversations. Then write down the expressions about smile or laughing and guess their meanings.
Why are you grinning from 1________________
I’ve won a free cinema ticket.
Cool! What are you going to watch
My Crazy Family. Have you seen it
Yes! I laughed my 2 ________________
You’ll enjoy it!
ear to ear
head off
I really don’t get Harry.
Why Is he still not talking to you
No. Today, he was all 3 ______________
He asked me to help him with that website of his.
Really What did you say
Well, I said yes. We all deserve a second chance, I guess.
smiles
What’s the matter
Why the long face
Yesterday, I stepped on a banana skin and fell over in front of the whole class.
That’s so funny!
I was the 4 ________________ stock of the class.
Even my teacher cracked 5 ________________
laughing
a smile
grin from ear to ear
laugh one’s head off
be all smiles
laughing stock
crack a smile
Activity 3: Match the expressions you have completed in Activity 2 to their meanings.
________________: a person that everyone laughs at because they have done something funny or silly.
________________: to look friendly and happy, especially when other people are not expecting you to.
________________: to look extremely happy because you are very pleased about something.
________________; to smile slightly.
________________: to laugh very loudly and for a long time.
laughing stock
be all smiles
grin from ear to ear
crack a smile
laugh one’s head off
Now work in groups and think of more expressions about laughter.
a good laugh
哈哈大笑
burst out laughing
放声大笑
fall about laughing
忍不住大笑
for laughs
为了取乐，作为消遣，借以开心
have/get the last laugh
笑到最后；取得最后胜利
He who laughs last, laughs best.
笑到最后的人笑得最开心。
giggle; laugh foolishly; simper
傻笑
grin 咧着嘴笑
smile at sb 朝某人微笑
smile bitterly 苦笑
smirk 幸灾乐祸地笑
snicker; laugh up one’s sleeve 窃笑
tease; make fun of 取笑
Activity 4: Work in pairs. Discuss other situations in which you could use these expressions.
Sample:
A: Tom must have passed that really hard test.
B: Why do you think so
A: Because he was grinning from ear to ear yesterday when I met him.
B: He has worked really hard recently. He deserves it.
1 Can you share the usage of non-defining attributive clauses
2 Can you use other phrases about laughter in other situation (共18张PPT)
外研选择性必修
第一册
Unit 1
Period 5
Writing & Presenting ideas
教学目
Lead-in
Who is the person in the picture
Charlie Chaplin.
What is so interesting about his films
What do you know about him
A comedian, a great silent movie star.
Exaggerated modeling and unique acting style.
1
2
To get the essential information of Charlie Chaplin, find out the layout of writing an introduction to a comedian and write an introduction about a comedian
To write your own comedy act
目标一：To get the essential information of Charlie Chaplin, find out the layout of writing an introduction to a comedian and write an introduction about a comedian
Activity 1: Read the title and predict what the blog is about.
It introduces Charlie Chaplin and his contributions to comedy.
Activity 2: Read the blog and match the headings to the paragraphs.
1 Charlie Chaplin was a British actor, film maker and composer. He became famous in the 1910s, when films were silent in black and white.
2 Charlie Chaplin was one of the best comedy actors of his time because he knew how to use his body and facial features to make people laugh. In my opinion, the funniest thing about Charlie Chaplin was the way he walked while he was acting as the Tramp, who is his most famous character. The Tramp is a poor man with a kind heart who has unexpected adventures. These adventures, often involving the police, are usually the funniest scenes.
3 My favorite Charlie Chaplin film is Modern Times and my favorite scene is in the factory where Charlie Chaplin is working on a production line. When a bee starts circling around Charlie’s face, he falls behind with his work. It’s so funny to watch him trying to keep up!
4 I think the power of Charlie Chaplin’s works is not only in his acting, but also in the stories and the characters he created. The Tramp is the symbol of the silent cinema and even after so many years he is still able to make people laugh.
□ Charlie Chaplin’s Unique Acting Style
□ The Power of Charlie Chaplin’s Works
□ My Favorite Charlie Chaplin Film
□ General Introduction to Charlie Chaplin
2
4
3
1
Activity 3: Read the blog post again. Find the information:
an example of the actor’s works：
a reason why the actor is one of the best：
a funny scene：
a famous character played by the actor：
the author’s comments on the actor：
Modern Times
Because he knew how to use his body and facial features to make people laugh
He is working on a production line. When a bee starts circling around his face, he falls behind with his work. The way that he tries to keep up is very funny.
The Tramp
Charlie Chaplin was one of the best comedy actors of his time.
Activity 4: Read the blog again and divide it into three part.
Parts Para.(s)
Introduction 1
Main body 2、3
Conclusion 4
Activity 5: Choose a comedian who makes you laugh. Think of the information you want to include and complete the notes below.
General introduction:
Why I like him /her:
His / her funniest work:
My comment:
top cross-talk artist, outstanding comedian
great contribution, imitated different singing style
Reverie in the Tiger’s Den 《虎口遐想》
really a great cross-talk performer
Activity 6: Work in pairs. Make improvements to each other’s introductions and share them with the class.
Post your writing on your social media.
Sample:
Tang Jiezhong, one of China’s top cross-talk artists, died in Beijing on 18 June 2017. The 85-year-old had worked with a number of outstanding comedians throughout his career, including Ma Ji and Jiang Kun.
Tang made a great contribution to the Chinese cross-talk. In his performances, he played many different funny characters very vividly. For instance, he imitated different singing styles to make people laugh.
My favourite Tang Jiezhong’s work is The Reverie in the Tiger’s Den (《虎口遐想》) with Jiang Kun. A twenty-eight lad was trapped in the tiger’s den by mistake, which caused a series of funny daydreams. And many people tried their best to rescue him. I adored their performing style and humour.
Tang dedicated his life to the cross-talk career. He performed many times in a row at the CCTV Spring Festival Gala. He is really a great cross-talk performer.
目标二: To write your own comedy act
Activity 1: Work in groups. Think about the stand-up comedy acts you have seen and answer the questions.
1 What were the main topics of these acts
2 How many people were there on the stage
3 How did they make the audience laugh
4 Were any props used
Activity 2: Prepare your own comedy act. Consider the following:
the topic of your comedy act: personal experience / social event / popular culture...
way(s) of presenting: storytelling /joke telling /audience interaction /mime ...
the punch line(s) of your stories /jokes
the opening and closing: make it surprising / exciting /funny...
Activity 3: Write the script for your act and complete the table. Add useful expressions and structures you think of.
Opening
Main body
Closing
Activity 4: Choose a group member to be a stand-up comedian and help him/her to perform the comedy act you have written. Think of actions or props to include.
Sample:
Subject: Camping makes me frustrated.
One weekend, I went camping with my friend Franklin. Since it was our first time sleeping in the wild, we couldn’t fall asleep and woke up in the middle of the night.
So I started the conversation. You know what... when I think of camping, I think of mosquitoes, unexpected weather, and getting lost in the wild. But now I think I love camping because I can see the stars lighting the sky like snow-flakes in the night.
“Stop dreaming! Our camp was stolen! Franklin shouted as he slapped a mosquito on my face.
Perform in front of the whole class and vote for the best act.
1 What is the structure of a writing about a comedian
2 Do you know any other stand-up comedians
