2023—2024学年度高二年级11月联考
英语试题
注意事项：
1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3. 非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接写在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4. 考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Book Passage Summer Camp: The Author’s Club
Do you have an ambitious young writer in your home A storyteller A book lover This is the summer camp for them!
WHAT: For kids entering 3rd to 6th grade, this weeklong camp will include fun and challenging activities to guide the young writers through creating their own short stories or books. Campers will take the journey of storytelling through every stage.
HOW: We will use our surroundings, both in the bookstore and outdoors, to find inspiration for sensory details. Each day will consist of improving techniques through writing exercises, games, and reading works of published children’s book authors. Students will regularly act out their writing with the group to help them become more reflective writers. There will also be time for crafts, so the authors can create their own illustrations, covers, and bound books.
FUN: While writing is the focus, we will also be playing lots of games and getting outside! Movement will be included each day through morning games and lunchtime outdoor adventures.
Join us for an opportunity to build writing skills, meet like-minded kids, and experience the accomplishment of producing a finished product!
Please direct all questions about The Author’s Club to classes@
* Limited scholarships available.
Fees: $400 for full-week session.
Cancellation (取消) policy:
* Cancellations made within 24 hours of registration, a full refund (退款).
* Cancel by April 16 for a full refund, less a $50 administrative fee.
* Cancel by June 16 for a refund, less a fee of 20% of the total tuition and a $50 administrative fee.
* No refunds offered for any cancellations made after June 16.
1. What is the main aim of the camp
A. To select potential writers. B. To build up good characters.
C. To develop interest in writing. D. To improve writing techniques.
2. What can campers do in the camp
A. Make creative book covers. B. Visit bookstores and museums.
C. Learn outdoor survival skills. D. Attend lectures by noted authors.
3. How much can be returned for a cancellation on June 6
A. $50. B. $270. C. $350. D. $400.
B
The reference desk staff at Louisiana’s public libraries pride themselves on answering their customers’ questions.
Then came the flooding of 2016. Suddenly the questions became more urgent. People wanted to know how to contact Federal Emergency Management Agency for assistance, where to get help paying bills and even where to find a homeless shelter. Some visitors seemed to need much more than what the library’s reference sources could give them. They needed someone who could spend more time with them, advise them on who to call for assistance and what documents they’d need.
The library turned to Volunteers of America Greater Baton Rouge (VOAGBR), a nonprofit organization it had worked with before. Then three evenings a week, VOAGBR would send social workers to three library branches.
Melissa Peeler, a benefits specialist at VOAGBR, taped her sign — with its red, white and blue Volunteers of America logo (标识) — up in the reference section. But other than a poorly-dressed man in the comer, no one made eye contact all evening. Finally, the man walked to Melissa and asked her what she was doing.
“I’m here to talk to folks who need social service help,” she said.
“I need a place to sleep,” he said.
Melissa gave him a list of shelters. “VOAGBR runs the Drop-in Center near this shelter,” she said, pointing to an address. “There are showers and computers you can use. You can even get a photo ID.”
“Really ” the man said. “Thanks!”
Word got out. People began to take notice of Melissa and come to her with questions that the librarians weren’t generally equipped to handle.
Most people had never heard of VOAGBR. But one day, a man came in and, seeing Melissa’s sign, made a beeline for her. “Hey, I’m with you guys,” the man said, proudly pulling out an ID with the VOAGBR logo he’d gotten at the Drop-in Center. “I don’t know what I would have done without you!”
4. What is the function of paragraph 2
A. To provide background information.
B. To put forward the main idea of the story.
C. To indicate the poor management of the library.
D. To raise people’s awareness of flood prevention.
5. Why did Melissa Peeler come to the library
A. To help those asking for help.
B. To make a survey about the library.
C. To seek for volunteers for flood rescue.
D. To advertise VOAGBR’s new program.
6 What did Melissa do for the man
A. She offered him a job in the shelter. B. She got a photo ID for him.
C. She lent him a computer to use. D. She introduced him a place for a rest.
7. What can we infer about the man in the last paragraph
A. He got employed in the library. B. He became Melissa’s best friend.
C. He became a member of VOAGBR. D. He had known about VOAGBR before.
C
On Sunday, Ecuador held a special vote on whether oil drilling (钻探) should be allowed in Yasuni National Park. The vote was part of a larger election to choose the country’s next president. Nearly 60% of Ecuadorian voters chose to protect the park.
In 2007, to protect the area, Rafael Correa — Ecuador’s president at the time — offered to leave the oil in the ground. In exchange, he wanted the rest of the world to pay Ecuador $3.6 billion. Though Mr. Correa worked hard to find support for his idea, no group offered to pay the money.
In 2016, Ecuador’s state oil company, Petroecuador, began drilling in Yasuni. The company is drilling in a fairly small area known as Block 43. Block 43 makes up far less than 1% of the park, but it produces about 55,000 barrels of oil every day.
But the drilling has upset many people in Ecuador. Yasunidos is a group which works to protect the park. For over ten years Yasunidos has worked to allow Ecuador’s people a chance to vote on oil drilling in Yasuni. In May, Yasunidos won a court case that allowed them to put the Yasuni drilling up for a vote.
On Sunday, voters were asked if they supported oil drilling in the park or were against it. When the votes were counted, about 59% of the voters chose to stop drilling in Yasuni. Just 41% supported it.
Yasunidos called the vote “a historic success for Ecuador and for the planet!” But the result is a disappointment for Ecuador’s president, Guillermo Lasso. He believes the oil money is extremely important for the country. Selling oil from Yasuni brings in about $1.2 billion a year.
The government won’t be able to ignore or change the results of the vote, and will now have about a year and a half to end the drilling. Petroecuador says it will cost about $500 million to stop drilling and clean up the operation.
8 What was Rafael Correa’s original plan
A. Drilling oil in Yasuni. B. Selling oil to the world.
C. Getting support from the president. D. Getting paid for not drilling oil.
9. What is Yasunidos’ attitude towards drilling in Yasuni National Park
A. Doubtful. B. Uninterested. C. Opposed. D. Supportive.
10. What will be the result of stopping drilling
A. The environment will get destroyed.
B. The country will suffer economic loss.
C. It will meet with the locals’ opposition.
D. It will be encouraged by the government.
11 What can be the best title for the text
A. Yasuni National Park Is Being Polluted
B. Ecuador Votes to End Drilling in Yasuni National Park
C. New President Will Come into Power in Ecuador
D. Oil Drilling Becomes Major Supporting Industry
D
Imagine putting on a virtual reality headset and “walking” through a long-gone neighborhood in your city — seeing the streets and buildings as they appeared decades ago.
That’s a very real possibility now that researchers have developed a method to create 3D digital models of historic neighborhoods using machine learning and historic Sanborn Fire Insurance maps.
But the digital models will be more than just a novelty — they will give researchers a resource to conduct studies that would have been nearly impossible before, such as estimating the economic loss caused by the demolition (拆除) of historic neighborhoods.
This research begins with the Sanborn maps, which were created to allow fire insurance companies to assess their responsibility in about 12,000 cities and towns in the United States during the 19th and 20th centuries. In larger cities, they were often updated regularly, said Miller, who is director of Ohio State’s Center for Urban and Regional Analysis (CURA).
The problem for researchers was that trying to manually collect usable data from these maps was time-consuming — at least until the maps were digitized. Digital versions are now available from the Library of Congress.
Study co-author Yue Lin, a doctoral student in geography, developed machine learning tools that can extract (提取) details about individual buildings from the maps, including their locations and footprints, the number of floors, their construction materials and their primary use, such as residence or business.
The researchers tested their machine learning techniques on two paring data from the Sanford maps to today showed that a total of 380 buildings were knocked down in the two neighborhoods for the highway, including 286 houses, 86 garages, five apartments and three stores.
Analysis of the results showed that the machine learning model was very accurate in recreating the information contained in the maps — about 90% accurate for building footprints and construction materials.
Using the machine learning techniques developed for this study, researchers could develop similar 3D models for nearly any of the 12,000 cities and towns that have Sanborn maps. This will allow researchers to re-create neighborhoods lost to natural disasters like floods, as well as urban renewal, depopulation and other types of change.
12. What were the Sanborn maps originally produced to do
A. To mark fire spots. B. To design new neighborhoods.
C. To reconstruct historic buildings. D. To estimate insurance responsibility.
13. What challenge did researchers once meet in the study
A. The lack of financial aid. B. Updating related information.
C. Getting paper maps digitized. D. The long process of data collection.
14. Why does the author use some figures in paragraph 7
A. To point out the great loss in the illegal demolition.
B. To list the changes between the past and the present.
C. To prove the accuracy of the machine learning model.
D. To show the wide application of 3D digital models.
15. What does the underlined word “This” in the last paragraph probably mean
A. The creation of similar 3D models.
B. The development of cities and towns.
C. The neighborhood lost to natural disasters.
D. The need for the machine learning techniques.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Do you long to escape to the great outdoors and experience the thrill of nature’s beauty If so, then tent camping is the perfect adventure for you! One of the most important “dos” when planning a tent camping trip is to choose the right campsite. ____16____. So it’s essential to consider several factors before making a decision.
Location
Consider the location of the campsite. Think about how far you’re willing to travel, whether you prefer a camp in the wilderness, near a lake or river, or other recreational activities.
Facilities
____17____. Some campsites offer electricity, laundry facilities or Wi-Fi. Assess your comfort needs and choose a suitable campsite for you.
Campsite Size and Privacy
If you prefer a quiet and private experience, look for campsites with greater distance or natural barriers between locations. If you are sociable, campsites with group camping options may be suitable. ____18____.
Natural Surroundings
Take into account the natural surroundings of the campsite. Are you seeking breathtaking mountain views, peaceful forests, or unique lakeside landscapes Consider the campsite’s aesthetic (审美的) appeal and natural beauty to enhance your camping experience.
____19____
Evaluate the convenience of reaching the campsite. Consider the road conditions, distance from parking areas to campsites, and any required permits or passes. If you have limited mobility or are camping with young children, you may prefer a campsite that is easily accessible and doesn’t require extensive hiking.
Reviews and Recommendations
Seek out reviews and recommendations from other campers who have experienced the campsite. ____20____. Pay attention to cleanliness, noise levels, and overall camper satisfaction.
A. Availability and Alternatives
B. Accessibility and Ease of Arrival
C. You can also write your own review after the camp
D. In this way you can enjoy a more social atmosphere
E. Maybe you are looking for a campsite with showers and picnic areas
F. Online resources and review websites can provide useful information
G. The campsite you select can significantly impact your overall experience
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Anna Devolld likes insects That’s because she is ____21____ about pollinators (传粉者).
She worried about these little things that keep our world beautiful and our trees producing food. Her first ____22____ was creating activities and coloring books for kids to help them understand how ____23____ pollinators are to our planet. Next, she created Pollinator Packs: plants that ____24____ bees and other pollinators to your garden. It wasn’t long before she was part of community boards ____25____ the planting of pollinator-friendly plants in communities and roadside corridors (走廊). She now ____26____ in her local government’s environmental department and is a key member.
“One out of every three bites of food we take is ____27____ on pollinators,” Anna tells us. “Butterflies, ladybugs, even bats. ____28____, every one of these creatures is declining at an alarming rate.” Anna’s ____29____ is to increase habitats that attract pollinators. And at the same time we should ____30____ the next generation about the importance of creating pollinator-friendly ____31____.
So, the next time you eat an apple or a delicious peach, think about all the little ____32____ that make it happen. Then think about Anna and how one teenage girl is ____33____ happy and productive pollinators.
We all can make a ____34____. As Anna says, “Find something you are passionate about, no matter how small, and ____35____ how you can change the world.”
21. A. certain B. passionate C. careful D. worried
22. A. sight B. ceremony C. chance D. project
23. A. familiar B. grateful C. vital D. similar
24. A. add B. attract C. relate D. guide
25. A. encouraging B. developing C. exchanging D. discovering
26. A. lives B. studies C. serves D. recycles
27. A. dependent B. strict C. impressed D. focused
28. A. Naturally B. Accordingly C. Sadly D. Typically
29. A. solution B. concern C. pattern D. conclusion
30. A. ask B. challenge C. test D. educate
31. A. atmospheres B. spaces C. landscape D. county
32. A. changes B. plants C. missions D. creatures
33. A. making sure of B. getting control of C. calling out for D. turning away with
34. A. decision B. difference C. request D. donation
35. A. describe B. share C. see D. consult
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A complete skeleton (骨架) of an animal, which was later confirmed to be that of a giant panda, was unearthed at ____36____ end of 2021 in Xi’an. It was the first time in history that giant panda remains had been unearthed from a tomb ____37____ (date) back to the Western Han Dynasty.
The skeleton had well-developed teeth, and was placed within a neatly ____38____ (lay) brick structure facing towards the direction of the tomb, with its tail pointing westward. After comparing the skeleton ____39____ existing giant pandas’, researchers discovered that it ____40____ (actual) belonged to a giant panda.
The researchers thought this giant panda might have originated from the forests on the northern side of the Qinling Mountains, where the climate was possibly ____41____ (warm) than today.
Back in 1975, a buried giant panda ____42____ (discover) near the tomb of Empress Bo. Researchers said that it is not yet possible to conclude that Empress Bo had a special ____43____ (prefer) for giant pandas. It appeared to be a royal garden feature.
Besides the giant panda, the remains of other rare animals were also found in the tomb, ____44____ reflects the belief in the Han Dynasty that people would live a life in the underworld, similar to that when they _____45_____ (be) alive.
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，上周五你校举办了一场以“My Hero”为主题的英语演讲比赛，请你对此写一篇报道，内容包括：
1. 比赛情况;
2. 简单评论。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Thank You, Mr. Baumgartner
If I hadn’t been a failed violinist, I might never have become a writer.
When I was in fourth grade, the public school I attended had an orchestra (管弦乐) program. I signed up to leam the violin, along with my friend Irene Cervantes. We were both interested in the violin and the bright future of being in the orchestra. Every week, Irene and I walked together through our working-class neighborhood to our before-school music lessons, proudly holding our black violin cases.
Mr. Baumgartner, the orchestra teacher, was very strict. He emphasized that if anything happened to the instrument we played we’d be cut from the program because the school could not afford to replace it. We all understood.
I wasn’t very good at the violin. Then the scary thing happened: I was practicing at home when the bridge dropped off my violin and flew across the room, the strings collapsing (塌陷) before my eyes.
Terrified of Mr. Baumgartner’s reaction, and having no idea that this was a common violinist’s mistake, I tried to fix it. I slipped into the garage and secured the bridge back in place with an unfamiliar glue, making sure it would never, never, drop off again. I prayed that Mr. Baumgartner wouldn’t notice.
Of course, he did. Sadly, he patted me on the back and told me that maybe I could join the orchestra next year. When I cried, he suggested that I join a chorus (合唱团).
I did switch to the chorus, where I stayed. As luck would have it, the elementary school orchestra automatically fed into the junior high chorus — which performed with the All City Honor Orchestra on New Year’s Eve, where Irene Cervantes was now the first-chair violinist.
After the performance, my English teacher, who was the advisor for the school newspaper, asked if anyone was a member of the chorus and would be interested in writing an article for the school newspaper about the experience. Something inside me made me raise my hand. I loved reading, but the idea of writing anything had never occurred to me until then.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I wrote the article.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I saw Irene Cervantes years later at a high school reunion.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2023—2024学年度高二年级11月联考
英语试题
注意事项：
1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3. 非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接写在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4. 考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Book Passage Summer Camp: The Author’s Club
Do you have an ambitious young writer in your home A storyteller A book lover This is the summer camp for them!
WHAT: For kids entering 3rd to 6th grade, this weeklong camp will include fun and challenging activities to guide the young writers through creating their own short stories or books. Campers will take the journey of storytelling through every stage.
HOW: We will use our surroundings, both in the bookstore and outdoors, to find inspiration for sensory details. Each day will consist of improving techniques through writing exercises, games, and reading works of published children’s book authors. Students will regularly act out their writing with the group to help them become more reflective writers. There will also be time for crafts, so the authors can create their own illustrations, covers, and bound books.
FUN: While writing is the focus, we will also be playing lots of games and getting outside! Movement will be included each day through morning games and lunchtime outdoor adventures.
Join us for an opportunity to build writing skills, meet like-minded kids, and experience the accomplishment of producing a finished product!
Please direct all questions about The Author’s Club to classes@
* Limited scholarships available.
Fees: $400 for full-week session.
Cancellation (取消) policy:
* Cancellations made within 24 hours of registration, a full refund (退款).
* Cancel by April 16 for a full refund, less a $50 administrative fee.
* Cancel by June 16 for a refund, less a fee of 20% of the total tuition and a $50 administrative fee.
* No refunds offered for any cancellations made after June 16.
1. What is the main aim of the camp
A. To select potential writers. B. To build up good characters.
C. To develop interest in writing. D. To improve writing techniques.
2. What can campers do in the camp
A. Make creative book covers. B. Visit bookstores and museums.
C. Learn outdoor survival skills. D. Attend lectures by noted authors.
3. How much can be returned for a cancellation on June 6
A. $50. B. $270. C. $350. D. $400.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个针对3-6年级学生的写作夏令营活动。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据WHAT部分的“For kids entering 3rd to 6th grade, this weeklong camp will include fun and challenging activities to guide the young writers through creating their own short stories or books.(针对三到六年级的孩子，这个为期一周的夏令营将包括有趣和具有挑战性的活动，指导年轻作家创作自己的短篇故事或书籍。)”以及FUN部分的“Join us for an opportunity to build writing skills, meet like-minded kids, and experience the accomplishment of producing a finished product!(加入我们，有机会培养写作技巧，结识志同道合的孩子，并体验制作成品的成就感!)”可知，夏令营的主要目的是提高写作技巧。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据HOW部分的“There will also be time for crafts, so the authors can create their own illustrations, covers, and bound books.(还有时间制作工艺品，因此作者可以创作自己的插图、封面和装订书籍。)”可知，在营地里，露营者可以制作有创意的书籍封面。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Fees:部分的“$400 for full-week session.(整周课程400美元。)”以及Cancellation (取消) policy部分的“Cancel by June 16 for a refund, less a fee of 20% of the total tuition and a $50 administrative fee.(6月16日前取消申请退款，扣除总学费的20%和50美元的管理费。)”可知，6月6日取消申请能够退还$400-$400*20%-$50= $270。故选B项。
B
The reference desk staff at Louisiana’s public libraries pride themselves on answering their customers’ questions.
Then came the flooding of 2016. Suddenly the questions became more urgent. People wanted to know how to contact Federal Emergency Management Agency for assistance, where to get help paying bills and even where to find a homeless shelter. Some visitors seemed to need much more than what the library’s reference sources could give them. They needed someone who could spend more time with them, advise them on who to call for assistance and what documents they’d need.
The library turned to Volunteers of America Greater Baton Rouge (VOAGBR), a nonprofit organization it had worked with before. Then three evenings a week, VOAGBR would send social workers to three library branches.
Melissa Peeler, a benefits specialist at VOAGBR, taped her sign — with its red, white and blue Volunteers of America logo (标识) — up in the reference section. But other than a poorly-dressed man in the comer, no one made eye contact all evening. Finally, the man walked to Melissa and asked her what she was doing.
“I’m here to talk to folks who need social service help,” she said.
“I need a place to sleep,” he said.
Melissa gave him a list of shelters. “VOAGBR runs the Drop-in Center near this shelter,” she said, pointing to an address. “There are showers and computers you can use. You can even get a photo ID.”
“Really ” the man said. “Thanks!”
Word got out. People began to take notice of Melissa and come to her with questions that the librarians weren’t generally equipped to handle.
Most people had never heard of VOAGBR. But one day, a man came in and, seeing Melissa’s sign, made a beeline for her. “Hey, I’m with you guys,” the man said, proudly pulling out an ID with the VOAGBR logo he’d gotten at the Drop-in Center. “I don’t know what I would have done without you!”
4. What is the function of paragraph 2
A. To provide background information.
B. To put forward the main idea of the story.
C. To indicate the poor management of the library.
D. To raise people’s awareness of flood prevention.
5. Why did Melissa Peeler come to the library
A. To help those asking for help.
B. To make a survey about the library.
C. To seek for volunteers for flood rescue.
D. To advertise VOAGBR’s new program.
6. What did Melissa do for the man
A. She offered him a job in the shelter. B. She got a photo ID for him.
C. She lent him a computer to use. D. She introduced him a place for a rest.
7. What can we infer about the man in the last paragraph
A. He got employed in the library. B. He became Melissa’s best friend.
C. He became a member of VOAGBR. D. He had known about VOAGBR before.
【答案】4. A 5. A 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了当2016年洪水发生时，美国的非盈利机构VOAGBR在路易斯安那州的公共图书馆为人们提供咨询和帮助的故事。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。文章第二段“Then came the flooding of 2016. Suddenly the questions became more urgent. People wanted to know how to contact Federal Emergency Management Agency for assistance, where to get help paying bills and even where to find a homeless shelter. Some visitors seemed to need much more than what the library’s reference sources could give them. They needed someone who could spend more time with them, advise them on who to call for assistance and what documents they’d need.(然后是2016年的洪水。突然间，问题变得更加紧迫了。人们想知道如何联系联邦紧急事务管理局寻求帮助，在哪里可以得到帮助支付账单，甚至在哪里可以找到无家可归者的庇护所。一些游客似乎需要的远远超过图书馆的参考资料所能提供的。他们需要有人花更多的时间和他们在一起，建议他们向谁寻求帮助，以及他们需要什么文件。)”介绍洪水发生后图书馆应对不了人们对信息咨询的需求，然后第三段“The library turned to Volunteers of America Greater Baton Rouge (VOAGBR), a nonprofit organization it had worked with before. Then three evenings a week, VOAGBR would send social workers to three library branches.(图书馆向美国大巴吞鲁日志愿者组织(VOAGBR)求助，这是一个以前与图书馆合作过的非营利组织。然后每周有三个晚上，VOAGBR会派社工去三个图书馆分馆。)”介绍了VOAGBR入驻图书馆提供信息咨询服务。由此可推知，第二段的目的是提供事件发生的背景信息。故选A项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Finally, the man walked to Melissa and asked her what she was doing.(最后，那个男人走到梅丽莎面前，问她在做什么。)”和第五段中“‘I’m here to talk to folks who need social service help,’ she said.(她说，我来这里是为了和那些需要社会服务帮助的人谈谈。)”可知，梅丽莎来图书馆是为了帮助那些需要帮助的人。故选A项。
6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第七段中“Melissa gave him a list of shelters. ‘VOAGBR runs the Drop-in Center near this shelter,’ she said, pointing to an address. ‘There are showers and computers you can use. You can even get a photo ID.’(梅丽莎给了他一份庇护所的名单。“VOAGBR在这个避难所附近开了一个收容中心，”她指着一个地址说。“有淋浴和电脑可以使用。你甚至可以得到一张带照片的证件。”)”可知，Melissa Peeler给这位男子提供了一个休息的地方。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“‘Hey, I’m with you guys,’ the man said, proudly pulling out an ID with the VOAGBR logo he’d gotten at the Drop-in Center.(“嘿，我和你们是一起的，”那人说，自豪地拿出他在接待中心拿到的带有VOAGBR标志的证件。)”可知，这位男子出示了带有VOACBR标志的证件并说“我和你们是一起的”，由此可推知，他成为了VOAGBR的一名成员。故选C项。
C
On Sunday, Ecuador held a special vote on whether oil drilling (钻探) should be allowed in Yasuni National Park. The vote was part of a larger election to choose the country’s next president. Nearly 60% of Ecuadorian voters chose to protect the park.
In 2007, to protect the area, Rafael Correa — Ecuador’s president at the time — offered to leave the oil in the ground. In exchange, he wanted the rest of the world to pay Ecuador $3.6 billion. Though Mr. Correa worked hard to find support for his idea, no group offered to pay the money.
In 2016, Ecuador’s state oil company, Petroecuador, began drilling in Yasuni. The company is drilling in a fairly small area known as Block 43. Block 43 makes up far less than 1% of the park, but it produces about 55,000 barrels of oil every day.
But the drilling has upset many people in Ecuador. Yasunidos is a group which works to protect the park. For over ten years, Yasunidos has worked to allow Ecuador’s people a chance to vote on oil drilling in Yasuni. In May, Yasunidos won a court case that allowed them to put the Yasuni drilling up for a vote.
On Sunday, voters were asked if they supported oil drilling in the park or were against it. When the votes were counted, about 59% of the voters chose to stop drilling in Yasuni. Just 41% supported it.
Yasunidos called the vote “a historic success for Ecuador and for the planet!” But the result is a disappointment for Ecuador’s president, Guillermo Lasso. He believes the oil money is extremely important for the country. Selling oil from Yasuni brings in about $1.2 billion a year.
The government won’t be able to ignore or change the results of the vote, and will now have about a year and a half to end the drilling. Petroecuador says it will cost about $500 million to stop drilling and clean up the operation.
8. What was Rafael Correa’s original plan
A. Drilling oil in Yasuni. B. Selling oil to the world.
C. Getting support from the president. D. Getting paid for not drilling oil.
9. What is Yasunidos’ attitude towards drilling in Yasuni National Park
A. Doubtful. B. Uninterested. C. Opposed. D. Supportive.
10 What will be the result of stopping drilling
A. The environment will get destroyed.
B. The country will suffer economic loss.
C. It will meet with the locals’ opposition.
D. It will be encouraged by the government.
11. What can be the best title for the text
A. Yasuni National Park Is Being Polluted
B. Ecuador Votes to End Drilling in Yasuni National Park
C. New President Will Come into Power in Ecuador
D. Oil Drilling Becomes Major Supporting Industry
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了厄瓜多尔就是否允许在亚苏尼国家公园进行石油钻探举行了一次特别投票活动。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“In 2007, to protect the area, Rafael Correa — Ecuador’s president at the time — offered to leave the oil in the ground. In exchange, he wanted the rest of the world to pay Ecuador $3.6 billion. (2007年，为了保护该地区，时任厄瓜多尔总统Rafael Correa提出将石油留在地下。作为交换，他希望世界其他国家向厄瓜多尔支付36亿美元)”可知，Rafael Correa原本的计划是通过不开采石油而得到其他国家的报酬。故选D项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“But the drilling has upset many people in Ecuador. Yasunidos is a group which works to protect the park. For over ten years, Yasunidos has worked to allow Ecuador’s people a chance to vote on oil drilling in Yasuni. (但钻探活动让厄瓜多尔的许多人感到不安。Yasunidos是一个致力于保护公园的组织。十多年来，Yasunidos一直致力于让厄瓜多尔人民有机会就亚苏尼的石油钻探进行投票)”可知，Yasunidos致力于保护公园，一直在争取可以对石油钻探进行投票。由此可知，该组织对在国家公园内开采石油的做法持反对意见。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“He believes the oil money is extremely important for the country. Selling oil from Yasuni brings in about $1.2 billion a year. (他认为，石油收入对这个国家极为重要。从亚苏尼出售石油每年能带来大约12亿美元的收入)”和最后一段中“Petroecuador says it will cost about $500 million to stop drilling and clean up the operation. (厄瓜多尔国家石油公司表示，停止钻探和清理作业将花费大约5亿美元)”可知，出售石油可以带来可观的收入，停止钻探进行清理需投入很大的费用，因此停止石油钻探会给国家带来经济损失。故选B项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“On Sunday, Ecuador held a special vote on whether oil drilling (钻探) should be allowed in Yasuni National Park. (周日，厄瓜多尔举行了一次特别投票，决定是否允许在亚苏尼国家公园进行石油钻探)”可知，文章报道了厄瓜多尔进行的投票活动，具体介绍了该事件的来龙去脉，和投票结果及其影响。因此，B项“厄瓜多尔投票决定停止在亚苏尼国家公园钻探”可以概括本文大意，适合作为标题。故选B项。
D
Imagine putting on a virtual reality headset and “walking” through a long-gone neighborhood in your city — seeing the streets and buildings as they appeared decades ago.
That’s a very real possibility now that researchers have developed a method to create 3D digital models of historic neighborhoods using machine learning and historic Sanborn Fire Insurance maps.
But the digital models will be more than just a novelty — they will give researchers a resource to conduct studies that would have been nearly impossible before, such as estimating the economic loss caused by the demolition (拆除) of historic neighborhoods.
This research begins with the Sanborn maps, which were created to allow fire insurance companies to assess their responsibility in about 12,000 cities and towns in the United States during the 19th and 20th centuries. In larger cities, they were often updated regularly, said Miller, who is director of Ohio State’s Center for Urban and Regional Analysis (CURA).
The problem for researchers was that trying to manually collect usable data from these maps was time-consuming — at least until the maps were digitized. Digital versions are now available from the Library of Congress.
Study co-author Yue Lin, a doctoral student in geography, developed machine learning tools that can extract (提取) details about individual buildings from the maps, including their locations and footprints, the number of floors, their construction materials and their primary use, such as residence or business.
The researchers tested their machine learning techniques on two paring data from the Sanford maps to today showed that a total of 380 buildings were knocked down in the two neighborhoods for the highway, including 286 houses, 86 garages, five apartments and three stores.
Analysis of the results showed that the machine learning model was very accurate in recreating the information contained in the maps — about 90% accurate for building footprints and construction materials.
Using the machine learning techniques developed for this study, researchers could develop similar 3D models for nearly any of the 12,000 cities and towns that have Sanborn maps. This will allow researchers to re-create neighborhoods lost to natural disasters like floods, as well as urban renewal, depopulation and other types of change.
12. What were the Sanborn maps originally produced to do
A. To mark fire spots. B. To design new neighborhoods.
C. To reconstruct historic buildings. D. To estimate insurance responsibility.
13. What challenge did researchers once meet in the study
A. The lack of financial aid. B. Updating related information.
C. Getting paper maps digitized. D. The long process of data collection.
14. Why does the author use some figures in paragraph 7
A. To point out the great loss in the illegal demolition.
B. To list the changes between the past and the present.
C. To prove the accuracy of the machine learning model.
D. To show the wide application of 3D digital models.
15. What does the underlined word “This” in the last paragraph probably mean
A. The creation of similar 3D models.
B. The development of cities and towns.
C. The neighborhood lost to natural disasters.
D. The need for the machine learning techniques.
【答案】12. D 13. D 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员使用机器学习和火灾保险地图来创建3D数字模型以供火灾保险公司评估责任、应对城市更新、人口减少等变化。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“This research begins with the Sanborn maps, which were created to allow fire insurance companies to assess their responsibility in about 12,000 cities and towns in the United States during the 19th and 20th centuries.(这项研究从桑伯恩地图开始，桑伯恩地图的创建是为了让火灾保险公司评估他们在19世纪和20世纪在美国大约12000个城镇的责任。)”可知，Sanborn地图最初用于评估保险责任。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“The problem for researchers was that trying to manually collect usable data from these maps was time-consuming — at least until the maps were digitized.(研究人员面临的问题是，试图手动从这些地图中收集可用的数据非常耗时——至少在地图数字化之前是这样。)”可知，研究人员曾经面临的问题是手动收集数据的过程太漫长。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第七段中“The researchers tested their machine learning techniques on two paring data from the Sanford maps to today showed that a total of 380 buildings were knocked down in the two neighborhoods for the highway, including 286 houses, 86 garages, five apartments and three stores.(研究人员在两个社区测试了他们的机器学习技术。将桑福德地图上的数据与今天的数据进行比较，发现这两个社区共有380栋建筑因高速公路而被拆除，其中包括286栋房屋、86个车库、5套公寓和3家商店。)”可推知，段中使用这些具体数字是为了说明机器学习技术的准确性。故选C项。
【15题详解】
词句猜测题。根据指代关系和划线代词上下文“Using the machine learning techniques developed for this study, researchers could develop similar 3D models for nearly any of the 12,000 cities and towns that have Sanborn maps. This will allow researchers to re-create neighborhoods lost to natural disasters like floods, as well as urban renewal, depopulation and other types of change.(利用为这项研究开发的机器学习技术，研究人员可以为拥有桑伯恩地图的12,000个城镇中的几乎任何一个城镇开发类似的3D模型。这将使研究人员能够重建因洪水等自然灾害而失去的社区，以及城市更新、人口减少和其他类型的变化。)”可推知，指示代词This指代的是上文中“利用机器学习技术为城镇创建3D模型”这一行为。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Do you long to escape to the great outdoors and experience the thrill of nature’s beauty If so, then tent camping is the perfect adventure for you! One of the most important “dos” when planning a tent camping trip is to choose the right campsite. ____16____. So it’s essential to consider several factors before making a decision.
Location
Consider the location of the campsite. Think about how far you’re willing to travel, whether you prefer a camp in the wilderness, near a lake or river, or other recreational activities.
Facilities
____17____. Some campsites offer electricity, laundry facilities or Wi-Fi. Assess your comfort needs and choose a suitable campsite for you.
Campsite Size and Privacy
If you prefer a quiet and private experience, look for campsites with greater distance or natural barriers between locations. If you are sociable, campsites with group camping options may be suitable. ____18____.
Natural Surroundings
Take into account the natural surroundings of the campsite. Are you seeking breathtaking mountain views, peaceful forests, or unique lakeside landscapes Consider the campsite’s aesthetic (审美的) appeal and natural beauty to enhance your camping experience.
____19____
Evaluate the convenience of reaching the campsite. Consider the road conditions, distance from parking areas to campsites, and any required permits or passes. If you have limited mobility or are camping with young children, you may prefer a campsite that is easily accessible and doesn’t require extensive hiking.
Reviews and Recommendations
Seek out reviews and recommendations from other campers who have experienced the campsite. ____20____. Pay attention to cleanliness, noise levels, and overall camper satisfaction.
A. Availability and Alternatives
B. Accessibility and Ease of Arrival
C. You can also write your own review after the camp
D. In this way you can enjoy a more social atmosphere
E. Maybe you are looking for a campsite with showers and picnic areas
F. Online resources and review websites can provide useful information
G. The campsite you select can significantly impact your overall experience
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. D 19. B 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章从位置、设施、大小、周围自然环境等几个方面介绍了如何选择合适的宿营地。
【16题详解】
前句“One of the most important ‘dos’ when planning a tent camping trip is to choose the right campsite.(在计划帐篷露营旅行时，最重要的一件事就是选择合适的露营地)”介绍了选择宿营地的重要性，而且后句“So it’s essential to consider several factors before making a decision.(所以在做决定之前考虑几个因素是很重要的)”又再次强调在做出决定前要考虑几个方面，因此推断G选项“你选择的露营地会显著影响你的整体体验”符合语境。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据“Facilities(设施)”可知，本段介绍的是从设施方面去考虑宿营地的选择，因此推断E选项“或许你在找一个有淋浴和野餐区的露营地”符合语境。故选E。
【18题详解】
前句“If you are sociable, campsites with group camping options may be suitable.(如果你善于交际，有团体露营选择露营地可能是合适的)”提到，喜欢热闹的人应该选择团体露营点，因此推断设空处应该介绍这样选择的好处，因此推断D选项“这样你可以享受更多的社交氛围”可以承接上文。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据本段“Evaluate the convenience of reaching the campsite. Consider the road conditions, distance from parking areas to campsites, and any required permits or passes. If you have limited mobility or are camping with young children, you may prefer a campsite that is easily accessible and doesn’t require extensive hiking.(评估到达营地的便利性。考虑道路状况，从停车场到营地的距离，以及任何所需的许可或通行证。如果你行动不便或带着小孩露营，你可能更喜欢一个容易到达的营地，不需要大量的徒步旅行)”可知，本段介绍了选择宿营地时要考虑到远近和是否容易到达，因此推断B选项“可达性和到达便利性”可以作为本段小标题。故选B。
【20题详解】
本段小标题“Reviews and Recommendations(评价和建议)”是建议人们要查阅其他人的评论和建议，因此推断F选项“在线资源和评论网站可以提供有用的信息”可以承接上文。故选F。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Anna Devolld likes insects. That’s because she is ____21____ about pollinators (传粉者).
She worried about these little things that keep our world beautiful and our trees producing food. Her first ____22____ was creating activities and coloring books for kids to help them understand how ____23____ pollinators are to our planet. Next, she created Pollinator Packs: plants that ____24____ bees and other pollinators to your garden. It wasn’t long before she was part of community boards ____25____ the planting of pollinator-friendly plants in communities and roadside corridors (走廊). She now ____26____ in her local government’s environmental department and is a key member.
“One out of every three bites of food we take is ____27____ on pollinators,” Anna tells us. “Butterflies, ladybugs, even bats. ____28____, every one of these creatures is declining at an alarming rate.” Anna’s ____29____ is to increase habitats that attract pollinators. And at the same time we should ____30____ the next generation about the importance of creating pollinator-friendly ____31____.
So, the next time you eat an apple or a delicious peach, think about all the little ____32____ that make it happen. Then think about Anna and how one teenage girl is ____33____ happy and productive pollinators.
We all can make a ____34____. As Anna says, “Find something you are passionate about, no matter how small, and ____35____ how you can change the world.”
21. A. certain B. passionate C. careful D. worried
22. A. sight B. ceremony C. chance D. project
23. A. familiar B. grateful C. vital D. similar
24. A. add B. attract C. relate D. guide
25. A. encouraging B. developing C. exchanging D. discovering
26. A. lives B. studies C. serves D. recycles
27. A. dependent B. strict C. impressed D. focused
28. A. Naturally B. Accordingly C. Sadly D. Typically
29. A. solution B. concern C. pattern D. conclusion
30. A. ask B. challenge C. test D. educate
31. A. atmospheres B. spaces C. landscape D. county
32. A. changes B. plants C. missions D. creatures
33. A. making sure of B. getting control of C. calling out for D. turning away with
34. A. decision B. difference C. request D. donation
35. A. describe B. share C. see D. consult
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Anna Devolld喜欢传粉者的原因和她为传粉者所做出的努力。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那是因为她对传粉者充满热情。A. certain某些的；B. passionate热情的；C. careful小心的；D. worried担心的。根据前文的“Anna Devolld likes insects.”可知，Anna Devolld喜欢昆虫，因为她对传粉者充满热情。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：第一个项目是为孩子们创造活动和涂色书，帮助他们了解传粉者对我们的星球有多重要。A. sight视线；B. ceremony仪式；C. chance机会；D. project项目。根据后文的“creating activities and coloring books”可知，这些活动是她的第一个项目。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第一个项目是为孩子们创造活动和涂色书，帮助他们了解传粉者对我们的星球有多重要。A. familiar熟悉的；B. grateful感谢的；C. vital 至关重要的；D. similar相像的。根据前文的“She worried about these little things that keep our world beautiful and our trees producing food.”可知，传粉者对我们的星球很重要。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：接下来，她创造了传粉者包：吸引蜜蜂和其他传粉者到你的花园的植物。A. add添加；B. attract吸引；C. relate关联；D. guide指导。根据前文的“plants”和后文的“to your garden”可知，植物吸引蜜蜂和其他传粉者到花园。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久之后，她成为社区委员会的一员，鼓励在社区和路边走廊种植对传粉者友好的植物。A. encouraging鼓励；B. developing发展；C. exchanging交换；D. discovering发现。根据后文的“the planting of pollinator-friendly plants in communities and roadside corridors (走廊)”可知，在社区和路边走廊种植对传粉者友好的植物，这件事是被鼓励的。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她现在在当地政府的环境部门工作，是一名重要成员。A. lives生活；B. studies研究；C. serves（为……）工作；D. recycles回收。根据前文的“in her local government’s environmental department”可知，她现在在当地政府的环境部门工作。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我们每吃三口食物中就有一口依赖于传粉者，”安娜告诉我们。A. dependent依赖的；B. strict严格的；C. impressed印象深刻的；D. focused专注的。根据前文的“She worried about these little things that keep our world beautiful and our trees producing food.”和“One out of every three bites of food”可知，可知这些小东西有助于生产食物，故我们每吃三口食物中就有一口依赖于传粉者。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：可悲的是，每一种生物都在以惊人的速度减少。A. Naturally自然；B. Accordingly因此；C. Sadly可悲的是；D. Typically典型地。根据后文的“every one of these creatures is declining at an alarming rate”可知，每一种生物都在以惊人的速度减少，这是可悲的。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：安娜的解决方案是增加吸引传粉者的栖息地。A. solution解决方案；B. concern关注；C. pattern模式；D. conclusion结论。根据后文的“increase habitats that attract pollinators”可知，增加吸引传粉者的栖息地，这是安娜的解决方案。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，我们应该教育下一代，让他们知道创造对传粉者友好的空间的重要性。A. ask问；B. challenge挑战；C. test测试；D. educate教育。根据前文的“the next generation about the importance of creating pollinator-friendly 11.”可知，让他们知道创造对传粉媒介友好的空间的重要性，这是对下一代的教育。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，我们应该教育下一代，让他们知道创造对传粉者友好的空间的重要性。A. atmospheres大气层；B. spaces空间；C. landscape景观；D. county县。根据前文的“every one of these creatures is declining at an alarming rate”和“creating pollinator-friendly”可知，每一种生物都在以惊人的速度减少，因此要创造对传粉媒介友好的空间。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，下次你吃苹果或美味的桃子时，想想所有让它发生的小生物。A. changes变化；B. plants植物；C. missions任务；D. creatures生物。根据后文的“that make it happen”可知，让它发生的是小生物，即传粉者。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后想想安娜，一个十几岁的女孩是如何确保快乐和多产的传粉者的。A. making sure of确保；B. getting control of控制；C. calling out for呼唤；D. turning away with转身离开。根据前文的“Anna’s 9 is to increase habitats that attract pollinators. And at the same time we should 10 the next generation about the importance of creating pollinator-friendly 11.”和后文“happy and productive pollinators”可知，安娜努力确保快乐和多产的传粉者。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们都可以有所作为。A. decision决定；B. difference差异；C. request请求；D. donation捐赠物。根据后文的“As Anna says, “Find something you are passionate about, no matter how small, and 15 how you can change the world.””可知，每个人都可以有所作为。make a difference“起（重要）作用，有影响”故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如安娜所说：“找到你热爱的东西，不管它有多小，然后看看你能如何改变世界。”A. describe描述；B. share分享；C. see看见；D. consult咨询。根据前文的“We all can make a 14. As Anna says, “Find something you are passionate about, no matter how small”和后文“how you can change the world”可知，每个人都可以采取行动，看看自己如何改变世界。故选C项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A complete skeleton (骨架) of an animal, which was later confirmed to be that of a giant panda, was unearthed at ____36____ end of 2021 in Xi’an. It was the first time in history that giant panda remains had been unearthed from a tomb ____37____ (date) back to the Western Han Dynasty.
The skeleton had well-developed teeth, and was placed within a neatly ____38____ (lay) brick structure facing towards the direction of the tomb, with its tail pointing westward. After comparing the skeleton ____39____ existing giant pandas’, researchers discovered that it ____40____ (actual) belonged to a giant panda.
The researchers thought this giant panda might have originated from the forests on the northern side of the Qinling Mountains, where the climate was possibly ____41____ (warm) than today.
Back in 1975, a buried giant panda ____42____ (discover) near the tomb of Empress Bo. Researchers said that it is not yet possible to conclude that Empress Bo had a special ____43____ (prefer) for giant pandas. It appeared to be a royal garden feature.
Besides the giant panda, the remains of other rare animals were also found in the tomb, ____44____ reflects the belief in the Han Dynasty that people would live a life in the underworld, similar to that when they _____45_____ (be) alive.
【答案】36. the
37. dating 38. laid
39. with 40. actually
41. warmer 42. was discovered
43. preference
44. which 45. were
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家第一次在西安的一个西汉墓穴中挖掘出大熊猫的骨骼遗骸。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：2021年底，西安出土了一具完整的动物骨架，后来被证实是一只大熊猫。at the end of...是固定短语，意为“在……结束时；在……末”。故填the。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这是历史上第一次从西汉古墓中出土大熊猫遗骸。“(date) back to the Western Han Dynasty”作后置定语修饰名词tomb，动词短语date back to(追溯到)用非谓语形式，该短语无被动语态，只能用现在分词形式dating back to，作后置定语。故填dating。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这具骨骼的牙齿发育良好，被放置在一个朝向陵墓方向的整齐的砖砌结构中，其尾巴指向西方。动词lay(放置)作定语修饰名词词组brick structure，用非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语brick structure之间是被动关系，用过去分词laid，表被动和完成。故填laid。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：在与现有大熊猫的骨骼进行比较后，研究人员发现它实际上属于一只大熊猫。compare...with...是固定搭配，意为“比较……与……”。故填with。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：在与现有大熊猫的骨骼进行比较后，研究人员发现它实际上属于一只大熊猫。提示词作状语，用副词actually，意为“实际上”。故填actually。
【41题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：研究人员认为，这种大熊猫可能起源于秦岭北部的森林，那里的气候可能比现在温暖。根据句意和介词短语than today可知，句中有比较关系，用形容词比较级warmer。故填warmer。
【42题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：早在1975年，一只被埋葬的大熊猫就在薄皇后墓附近被发现。discover(发现)是句中谓语动词，与主语panda之间是被动关系，句中有时间状语Back in 1975，应使用一般过去时态，又因主语是单数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般过去时的被动语态，单数形式。故填was discovered。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：研究人员表示，目前还不能得出薄皇后对大熊猫有特殊偏好的结论。这似乎是皇家花园的特色。提示词作宾语，用名词preference，结合冠词a可知，用单数名词。故填preference。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：除了大熊猫，墓中还发现了其他稀有动物的遗骸，这反映了汉代人相信人们会在阴间生活，就像他们活着的时候一样。分析句子可知，空格处单词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，句中所述“发现大熊猫和其他稀有动物”这件事情在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which引导该定语从句。故填which。
【45题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：除了大熊猫，墓中还发现了其他稀有动物的遗骸，这反映了汉代人相信人们会在阴间生活，就像他们活着的时候一样。be是从句中系动词，结合句意，讲述过去的事情用一般过去时态，又因主语they是复数代词，系动词用were。故填were。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，上周五你校举办了一场以“My Hero”为主题的英语演讲比赛，请你对此写一篇报道，内容包括：
1. 比赛情况;
2. 简单评论。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Last Friday, our school held an English speech contest with the theme of “My Hero” in the lecture hall.
Twenty students took part in the contest. Some contestants showed gratitude to their parents, teachers and even their friends, taking them as their heroes. However, the majority of them looked on scientists as the heroes in their hearts, who have contributed so much to social progress.
In my opinion, whoever the heroes are, they are all people with good qualities and worth respecting. We should learn from our heroes and try to become a hero in others’ eyes.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇文章，报道学校举办的一场以“My Hero”为主题的英语演讲比赛的情况以及简单评论。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：take part in→ join in/ participate in
感激：gratitude → appreciation/thanks
比赛：contest →match/ competition
就我而言，依我看：in my opinion→ as far as I am concerned
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Last Friday, our school held an English speech contest with the theme of “My Hero” in the lecture hall.
拓展句：Last Friday, our school held an English speech contest whose theme was “My Hero” in the lecture hall.
【点睛】【高分句型1】However, the majority of them looked on scientists as the heroes in their hearts, who have contributed so much to social progress.（运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】In my opinion, whoever the heroes are, they are all people with good qualities and worth respecting.（运用了whoever引导的让步状语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Thank You, Mr. Baumgartner
If I hadn’t been a failed violinist, I might never have become a writer.
When I was in fourth grade, the public school I attended had an orchestra (管弦乐) program. I signed up to leam the violin, along with my friend Irene Cervantes. We were both interested in the violin and the bright future of being in the orchestra. Every week, Irene and I walked together through our working-class neighborhood to our before-school music lessons, proudly holding our black violin cases.
Mr. Baumgartner, the orchestra teacher, was very strict. He emphasized that if anything happened to the instrument we played we’d be cut from the program because the school could not afford to replace it. We all understood.
I wasn’t very good at the violin. Then the scary thing happened: I was practicing at home when the bridge dropped off my violin and flew across the room, the strings collapsing (塌陷) before my eyes.
Terrified of Mr. Baumgartner’s reaction, and having no idea that this was a common violinist’s mistake, I tried to fix it. I slipped into the garage and secured the bridge back in place with an unfamiliar glue, making sure it would never, never, drop off again. I prayed that Mr. Baumgartner wouldn’t notice.
Of course, he did. Sadly, he patted me on the back and told me that maybe I could join the orchestra next year. When I cried, he suggested that I join a chorus (合唱团).
I did switch to the chorus, where I stayed. As luck would have it, the elementary school orchestra automatically fed into the junior high chorus — which performed with the All City Honor Orchestra on New Year’s Eve, where Irene Cervantes was now the first-chair violinist.
After the performance, my English teacher, who was the advisor for the school newspaper, asked if anyone was a member of the chorus and would be interested in writing an article for the school newspaper about the experience. Something inside me made me raise my hand. I loved reading, but the idea of writing anything had never occurred to me until then.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I wrote the article.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I saw Irene Cervantes years later at a high school reunion.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I wrote the article. When I saw my name and my words on the page, I couldn’t wait to write more. The following year I became the editor of the school newspaper with a staff of two. I found my calling. I understand now what I never could have understood then about my life as a writer. If I hadn’t ruined the violin and Mr. Baumgartner hadn’t suggested I join the chorus, I wouldn’t have performed with the All City Honor Orchestra and would not have written about it. And I might not have discovered that rush of excitement and knowing.
I saw Irene Cervantes years later at a high school reunion. We talked about being in orchestra together in the fourth grade. When I asked her what she’d been doing all those years, she told me she was a professional violinist for a symphony orchestra in Sydney, Australia. That might have been me, too! But Mr. Baumgartner set me on a different path — to the philharmonic of writers, illustrators, educators, and literacy professionals. Thank you, Mr. Baumgartner, for guiding Irene Cervantes to her career and me to mine.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者小学的时候，和朋友艾琳·塞万提斯一起报名学小提琴，乐团老师鲍姆加特纳先生非常严格，强调说演奏的乐器出了问题，就会被除名。由于作者不太会拉小提琴，所以把小提琴弄坏了，最后鲍姆加特纳先生发现了，把作者调到了合唱团，作者留在了合唱团，参加了演出，然后校报的顾问要求作者写一篇文章记录演出经历，作者开始有了写作的想法。
详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我写了这篇文章。”可知，第一段可描写作者最后成为作家，多亏了乐团老师鲍姆加特纳把自己调到合唱团的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“几年后，我在高中同学聚会上见到了艾琳·塞万提斯。”可知，第二段可描写作者感激乐团老师鲍姆加特纳指引自己和朋友走上她们的事业。
2.续写线索：写了那篇文章——爱上写作——找到了使命——明白了乐团老师鲍姆加特纳把自己调到合唱团——遇到朋友艾琳·塞万提斯——感激乐团老师鲍姆加特纳的指引
3.词汇激活
行为类
①理解：understand /comprehend
②毁坏：ruin/damage
③谈论：talk about/speak about
情绪类
①感谢：showing one’s appreciation /be grateful/thank
②激动：excitement /being excited
【点睛】
[高分句型1] If I hadn’t ruined the violin and Mr. Baumgartner hadn’t suggested I join the chorus, I wouldn’t have performed with the All City Honor Orchestra and would not have written about it.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句，suggest后接省略that的宾语从句）
[高分句型2] When I asked her what she’d been doing all those years, she told me she was a professional violinist for a symphony orchestra in Sydney, Australia.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句和what连接的宾语从句）
[高分句型3] I understand now what I never could have understood then about my life as a writer.（运用了what连接的宾语从句）
