Unit 14 Dinosaurs’Deaths 导学案

9年级英语（北京实验版）全册素材（含教案和练习）Unit 14 Dinosaurs’Deaths
一. 教学内容：
Unit 14 Dinosaurs’ Deaths
二、教学目标
知识目标：熟练掌握本单元课文中的单词，短语和句型。
能力目标：培养学生的综合运用知识的能力。
三、教学难点：
培养学生的综合能力
四、本单元重点知识：
单词：要求大家掌握本单元单词表中的单词
（一）短语：
1. work on 从事
2. live on 以……为食，继续活着
3. have a close relation 有密切关系
4. lead to 导致……
5. stop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
6. more reasonable 更合理
7. make a study of… 对……进行研究
8. the cause of …. ……的起因
9. as a result 因此
10. at the same time 同时
（二）句型：
1. This hole was bel ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ieved to be caused by a large object that fell from space sixty—five million years ago.
人们认为这个坑是由6500万年前从外太空中陨落的巨大物体造成的。
2. Though it is prove ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d that this large object had a close relation with the death of dinosaurs and other animals, scientists have different opinions upon how the large object led to the death of the ancient animals.
尽管已证实这个巨大的物块和恐龙及其他动物的灭绝有密不可分的关系，但科学家们对这一物体如何导致这些远古动物的灭绝仍持有不同的意见。
五、本讲重点知识讲解：
Dinosaurs are extinct ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) now. Scientists are always wondering about the cause of their extinction. This proves to be difficult, but scientists are still working on it.
It is reporte ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d that there is a huge hole in the ground in eastern Mexico. This hole was believed to be caused by a large object that fell from space sixty-five million years ago. At about the same time, dinosaurs living on the ground disappeared. Though it is proved that this large object had a close relation with the death of dinosaurs and other animals, scientists have different opinions upon how the large object led to the death of the ancient animals.
译文：
恐龙现在已经绝迹了。科学家们一直想搞清楚它们绝迹的原因。这不是一件容易的事情，但是科学家们依然在努力。
据说在墨西哥东部有个巨大的坑，人们认为 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )这个坑是由6500万年前从外太空中陨落的巨大物体造成的。在那时候，生活在陆地上的恐龙就绝迹了。因此，人们认为那个巨大的物体可能是导致恐龙死亡的原因。尽管已证实这个巨大的物体和恐龙及其他动物的灭绝有密不可分的关系，但科学家们对这一物体如何导致这些远古动物的灭绝仍持有不同的意见。
Twenty years ago, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) scientists discovered that a large cloud of dust was created by the crash of the large object. They reasoned that sunlight was stopped from reaching the earth by the cloud. As a result, the weather became very cold. The cold weather and less sunshine killed many plants which were the food of dinosaurs and other animals. Because of no food the animals soon died.
译文：
20年前，科学家们发现这个巨大的物 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )体与地面碰撞后会产生一个巨大的尘雾团，从而阻碍了太阳光照射地面。因此，天气变得非常冷。寒冷的天气和缺少阳光使很多植物死亡，而这些植物正是恐龙和其他生物赖以生存的食物。因为没有食物，这些动物很快就死亡了。
About ten years ago, w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hen scientists from the United States and Mexico found that the large object caused a huge hole in Mexico, some scientists raised another theory. They said that the object was not big enough to create a deadly cloud of dust, but it hit with such great force that poisonous chemicals were released. Dinosaurs and other ancient animals were poisoned by the chemicals and then died.
译文：
大约10年前，美国和墨西哥 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的科学家们发现这个巨大的物体在墨西哥砸出的一个大坑。一些科学家又提出了另一种理论。他们说这个物体还没有大到能够产生致命的尘雾团的地步，但认为物体的强烈撞击致使其散发出有毒的化学物质。恐龙和其他的生物就是被这些有毒的化学物质毒死的。
Which of the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) two views is more reasonable, the first or the second Maybe both. In order to test their discoveries, scientists are preparing to make a study of the rocks that remain after the large object hit. They hope that in the future we will have a better understanding of any chemical reactions which have influenced the environment.
译文：
这两种观点哪一种更有道理呢？是第一种还 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是第二种？可能两个都有道理。为了验证他们的发现，科学家们准备研究巨石撞击地面后保留下来的岩石。他们希望未来我们能够对损害环境的化学反应有更多的了解。
【典型例题】
阅读与表达
阅读短文，根据其内容回答问题
Gone are the days w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hen men and women couldn’t associate (交往) with each other. When we are asked whether boys and girls can associate with each other, most of us will say, “Yes, of course. Why not ”
If we want to dea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l with the association between boys and girls properly, here are some “dos and don’ts” for you to follow.
①Keep a normal and h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ealthy state of mind（心态）. Our schools and classes are made up of boys and girls. It is very natural for boys and girls to contact each other and build up the friendship with the students of the other sex. Generally speaking, we should broaden the circle of the association. We should make as many friends as possible. We should have more friends of the other sex instead of one or two. We should contact the students in public instead of in secret.
②Contact students ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of the other sex warmly, generously and sincerely. Don’t be too nervous or too shy in contact with a person of the other sex. In that case it is very difficult for you to make a lot of friends, as no one likes a person who is too shy to say a word. If you are too shy a person, you can also find a way out. First of all, you can contact the students with the same interest and hobby with you. As both of you have much in common, you may have much to talk about. If you keep doing like that, little by little, you will gladly find you are also as free to express yourself as others.
③Don’t fall into th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e ditch（泥潭）of early love. The boys and girls at adolescence (青春期) are rich in feeling and full of imagination. They are easy to regard the friendship as a sign of love and fall in love with each other at an early age. In my opinion, boys and girls at middle school are too young and too tender to shoulder the heavy duty of love. Early love is a green apple that can’t be eaten. An apple won’t taste sweet until it is fully ripe (成熟). Do keep out of early love.
1. Should boys and girls contact each other in public or in secret
______________________________________________________________________
2. What does the underlined sentence in the 3rd paragraph mean
______________________________________________________________________
3. Does the writer think the boys and girls at adolescence should have early love
______________________________________________________________________
4. How many tips does the writer give us
______________________________________________________________________
5. What’s the purpose of writing this passage
_____________________________________________________________________
【模拟试题】（答题时间：60分钟）
一、单项选择
1. —How does your father learn Chinese, Jim
— He learns it _______ listening to the radio.
A. on B. from C. by D. over
2. My brother is re ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ally _____________. He often works in his office far into the night.
A. outgoing B. hard-working C. friendly D. quiet
3. Jenny used to _____________or chat with her grandmother.
A. watched TV B. watching TV C. watch TV D. watches TV
4. It’s a rule in our school that the classroom _________ every day.
A. should clean B. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )should be cleaned C. should cleaned D. should be cleaning
5. —In my opinion he shouldn’t wear that silly earring.
— ___________. I like it very much. It looks cool.
A. Me, too B. I disagree C. I agree D. Maybe
6. His father was in poor health and had to give up _____.
A. smoke B. to smoke C. to smoking D. smoking
7. If you can’t read ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the new words, you may ________ in the dictionary.
A. look it up B. look up it C. look them up D. look up them
8. My mother spent about 2,000 dollars ________ the piano.
A. in B. at C. for D. on
9. —I usually go to school on foot, and you
— __________________.
A. So do I B. So I have C. Nor do I D. Neither have I
10. You did really well on the last English test, ___________
A. do you B. don’t you C. did you D. didn’t you
11. Now I am enjoying ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )learning English _________ I got an A this term.
A. and B. but C. or D. if
12. What makes you ______ it’s going to rain tomorrow
A. to think B. thought C. think D. thinking
13. —I feel tired and sleepy.
—Why not stop __________
A. to relax B. breaking C. resting D. to work
14. —Your grandmother looks quite ________ today, doesn’t she
—Yes. She told me she slept much ________ last night.
A. good, well B. well, good C. well, better D. good, better
15. You have to be a fairly good speaker to _________ listeners’ interest for over an hour.
A. hold B. make C. improve D. receive
16. —Shall we go out for a walk
—Sorry. This is no ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t the right ____ to invite me. I am too tired to walk.
A. moment B. situation C. place D. chance
17. —When shall I phone you, morning or afternoon
— , I’ll be in all day.
A. Each B. Both C. Neither D. Either
18. —I really apolo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )gize for not being able to join in your birthday party.
—________. We’ll get together later.
A. Go ahead B. Not to worry C. That's right D. Don't mention it
19. He _____ football regularly for many years when he was young.
A. was playing B. played C. has played D. had played
20. The last time we ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) had great fun was _____ we were visiting the Water Park.
A. where B. how C. when D. why
二、完形填空
“I’ve been writin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g a book, John. Do you think anyone would be interested in 21 it ” said the old lady.
John took over the papers from her shaking hand and 22 her in chair. He remembered her rich 23 in the early days of the Old West. He looked through the papers. “It’s good, Grandma,” he said gently. Then realizing that she 24 hear him, he shouted into her ears, “I think it’s very good. I’ll 25 it to a publisher.”
Ten days later, he ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) reported that the publisher had had time to read only a few 26 . But he was so impressed that he had sent $ 100 for an option（版权）. 27 money would be given as an advance. Every month John 28 $100 for her with a letter from the publisher telling about the progress of the book.
One morning, three ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )months after her 100th birthday, Grandma didn’t get up. The doctor told her that she couldn’t 29 more than a few days. She was ready to go, but she first wanted her book to be in print. John promised that she could get it very soon.
Grandma held on until the day the book came into her hands with the title and her name on the cover. Though she couldn’t see it, she could touch it . She proudly traced（探查）her name with her fingers, tears in her eyes. Two hours later, she died peacefully, 30 holding her book.
Her granddaugh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ter took up the book and opened it. “Why, it’s just blank pages!” she cried in ____31 . John’s face turned 32 . Then the girl understood. There never was a book. Grandma couldn’t hear the little bell when the typewriter came to the 33 of the line. She would keep on working, not 34 the whole sentences and sometimes the paragraphs were missing. John did not tell her, for he couldn’t take away her only hope. It was John himself who had written the letters and sold his car to pay the advance.
21. A. buying B. publishing C. reading D. lending
22. A. sat B. put C. placed D. seated
23. A. sufferings B. experiences C. thoughts D. family
24. A. couldn’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. doesn’t
25. A. throw B. put C. send D. lift
26. A. words B. sentences C. pages D. books
27. A. Some B. Much C. Enough D. More
28. A. brought B. took C. gave D. carried
29. A. die B. stay C. last D. remain
30. A. still B. yet C. always D. then
31. A. anger B. joy C. surprise D. tears
32. A. white B. red C. gray D. pale
33. A. middle B. last C. end D. beginning
34. A. writing B. knowing C. thinking D. wanting
三、阅读理解
(A)
Summer School trips are planned every Wednesday afternoon. Some may last to the evening when we will go on a theatre trip. Weekends are planned for all-day trips and activities. All the trips are designed（设计）to introduce students to Scotland’s culture, exciting cities and beautiful scenery（风景）, while giving them a fun-filled break from timetabled classes. On Wednesdays students can choose from: Glamis Castle（城堡）: Visit childhood home of Queen Elizabeth and one of Scotland’s most beautiful castles. Royal（皇家）research ship Discovery: Visit Captain Scott’s famous research ship Discovery. Elie Watersports: Go boating and sailing. Saturday trips：
Edinburgh: Vi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sit Scotland’s beautiful capital. Discover Edinburgh Castle, walk along Princes Street, home to some of Edinburgh’s best shops, discover the city’s past. Glasgow: Experience Scotland’s city of culture and buildings, internationally famous for its Victorian buildings and wonderful museums. Visit Scotland’s best-loved museum. Discover and experience Scotland: the best small country in the world. You will not be disappointed.
35. When will the students have their trips
A. On Sunday. B. On Wednesday morning.
C. On Wednesday and Sunday. D. On Wednesday and Saturday.
36. Where did Queen Elizabeth live when she was young
A. Glasgow. B. Glami ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s Castle. C. Elie Watersports. D. Edinburgh Castle.
37. If you want to go shopping, the best place to go to is _______.
A. Glasgow B. Edinburgh C. Elie Watersports D. Discovery
38. What you have read is _______________.
A. a travel diary B. a news report
C. an advertisement D. an introduction to Scotland
(B)
In the United States, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )when you become rich you want people to know about it. And even if you do not become very rich you want people to think that you are. That is what “keeping up with the Joneses” is about. It is the story of someone who tried to look as rich as his neighbors.
The expression was first used in 1913 by a young American called Arthur Momand. He told this story about himself. He began earning $125 a week at the age of 23. That was a lot of money in those days. He got married and moved with his wife to a very wealthy neighborhood outside New York City. When he saw that rich people rode horses, Momand went horseback riding every day. When he saw that rich people had servants, Momand and his wife also hired a servant and gave big parties for their new neighbors.
It was like a race, bu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t one could never finish this race because one was always trying to keep up. The race ended for Momand and his wife when they could no longer pay for their new way of life. They moved back to an apartment in New York City.
Momand looked ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )around him and noticed that many people do things just to keep up with the rich lifestyle of their neighbors. He saw the funny side of it and started to write a series of short stories. He called it “Keeping up with the Joneses” because “Jones” is a very common name in the United States. “Keeping up with the Joneses” came to mean keeping up with the rich lifestyle of the people around you. Momand’s series appeared in different newspapers across the country for over 28 years.
People never see ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )med to get tired of keeping up with the Joneses. And there are “Joneses” in every city of the world. But one must get tired of trying to keep up with the Joneses because no matter what one does, Mr. Jones always seems to be ahead.
39. Some people want ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to keep up with the Joneses because they __________.
A. want to be as rich as their neighbors
B. want others to know or to think that they are rich
C. don’t want others to know they are rich
D. want to be happy
40. It can be infer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )red from the story that rich people like to ___________.
A. live outside New York City B. live in New York City
C. live in apartments D. have many neighbors
41. Arthur Momand ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) used the name “Jones” in his series of short stories because “Jones” is _________.
A. an important name B. a popular name in the United States
C. his neighbor’s name D. not a good name
42. The best title for this passage probably is __________.
A. The secret lives of the rich B. How New Yorkers behave
C. Why being rich is never enough D. The funny side of being rich
(C)
We can achieve k ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nowledge either actively or passively (被动地). We achieve it actively by direct experience, by testing and proving an idea, or by reasoning.
We achieve knowledg ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e passively by being told by someone else. Most of the learning that takes place in the classroom and the kind that happens when we watch TV or read newspapers or magazines is passive. If we achieve knowledge by passive learning, it’s not surprising that we depend on it in our everyday communication with friends and co-workers.
Unfortunately, pa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ssive learning has a serious problem. It makes us tend to accept what we are told even when it is little more than hearsay and rumor (谣言).
Did you ever play ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the game Rumor It begins when one person writes down a message but doesn’t show it to anyone. Then the person whispers it, word for word, to another person. That person, in turn, whispers it to still another, and so on, through all the people playing the game. The last person writes down the message word for word as he or she hears it. Then the two written statements are compared. Typically, the original message has changed.
That’s what happens in daily life. The simple fact that people repeat a story in their own words changes the story. Then, too, most people listen imperfectly. And many enjoy adding their own creative touch to a story, trying to improve on it, stamping（打上标记）it with their own personal style. Yet those who hear it think they know.
This process is also found among scholars and writers: A statement of opinion by one writer may be re-stated as fact by another, who may in turn be quoted by yet another; and this process may continue, unless it happens to someone to question the facts.
43. According to the passage, passive learning may occur in _______.
A. doing a medical experiment B. solving a math problem
C. visiting an exhibition D. doing scientific reasoning
44. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refers to _____.
A. active learning
B. knowledge
C. communication
D. passive learning
45. The writer mentions the game Rumor to show that _____.
A. a message may be changed when being passed on
B. a message should be delivered in different ways
C. people may have problems with their sense of hearing
D. people tend not to believe in what they know as rumor
46. What can we infer from the passage
A. Active learning is less important.
B. Passive learning may not be reliable.
C. Active learning happens more often.
D. Passive learning is not found among writers.
四、完成句子
根据中文意思完成句子。
1. 我经常犯语法错误。
I often in grammar.
2. 参加英语俱乐部是学好英语的最好方法。
The best way to __________ English is to __________ an English club.
3. 别为你的数学考试担心了。那会让你压力太大的。
Don’t __________________ your math test. It will make you stressed out.
4. 我害怕海。因为我不会游泳。
I am __________________ the sea. Because I don’t know how to swim.
5. 为什么你不借老师的磁带呢？你可以在家听它们。
__________ don’t you __________ the teacher’s tapes You can listen to them at home.
【试题答案】
一、单项选择
1~5CBCBB 6~10 DCDAD 11~15 ACACA 16~20 ADDBC
二、完形填空
21~25 BDBAC 26~30 CDACA 31~34 CBCB
三、阅读理解
35~38 DBBC 39~42 BABC 43~46 CDAB
四、完成句子
1. make mistakes
2. learn / study, join
3. worry about
4. afraid of / terrified of / frightened of
5. Why, borrow