期末易错专项特训：语法填空-英语必修第一册人教A版（2019）含答案与解析
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| 名称 | 期末易错专项特训：语法填空-英语必修第一册人教A版（2019）含答案与解析 |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-12-15 14:55:46 | ||
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期末易错专项特训：语法填空-英语必修第一册人教A版（2019）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Olympic record-setting Chinese teen Quan Hongchan collected gold in the synchronized 10m platform (双人10米跳台) event alongside her partner Chen Yuxi, at 1 Hangzhou Olympic Sports Centre on Saturday. The duo (二人组) racked up a total 375.30 points — 85.26 points more than the Japanese silver medalists. In fact, the two teens 2 (win) all major titles in the women’s 10m platform events over the last three years.
Quan was born in a small village of Zhanjiang, Guangdong, in 2007 and took up 3 (dive) at age 7. She 4 (encourage) to try the sport because of the agility (灵活) she showed while jumping when she played hopscotch (跳房子游戏) at school.
“I’d never tried any other sports before, 5 I enjoyed playing in the water,” she recalled. “From the very start, I could jump into the water 6 fear or hesitation.” The young diver is said to have initially (最初) taken up the sport to earn money 7 (support) her mother, who has an illness that requires constant care.
Journalists from around the world lined up for two hours to ask her questions. Her short and simple answers won 8 (smile) and sometimes laughs. Her longest response came when she was asked why she was carrying a toy turtle, 9 has been a hot topic at the Asiad, “Because I like it. Turtles are not good-looking, but they’re 10 (love)! I like them!”
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Imagine you’re climbing a mountain, and along the way you start to get hungry or thirsty. How cool it would be if you could just stop at a 11 (convenient) store there. Climbers in Pingjiang, Hunan province, don’t have to imagine this. For them, such a store built on a cliff has become 12 reality.
The Shiniuzhai scenic area is famous for its 13 (tower) cliffs, deep canyons and unique rock formations. The 2-square-meter store about 120 meters above the ground 14 (construct) in 2017 and opened a year later.
Visitors coming to experience the scenic area’s rock climbing program are usually 15 (amateur), so they often get hungry and thirsty along the way. The park authority decided to build the store 16 a refreshment center for them. The drinks and food at the store are carried up by staff members every day. It generally 17 (take) the climbers nearly one-and-a-half hours to make it to the top.
Despite the location and laborious 18 (deliver) of the products, the prices are similar to those at ordinary store. Some netizens joke that it is the “ 19 (little) convenient convenience store”, while others say they find it adorable and 20 it would be “very cool” to work in the store.
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
You know how disappointed it can be if you are not able to communicate with the 21 (local) when you are traveling, and you might think learning a new language is a tough task.
But fear not! We figured out 22 (exact) how many words you need to learn to speak a language well.
A group linguists have created a test 23 (see) how many words you know in English. There are 200,000+ words in the English language, but the test only 24 (involve) 50 0f them. You may not understand all of the 50 words. The linguists believe that if you multiply 25 number of words out of 50 that you understand by 500, you’ll almost know your English vocabulary.
A professor has found that native speakers of a language know 15,000 to 20,000 lemmas (词目). A lemma 26 (compose) of a root word (say: walk) and all of 27 (it) inflections (walked, walking, walker, etc. ). But if you learn a new language, you can never understand 15,000 lemmas.
He discourages people from learning all of the words in a language. There are 800 to 10,000 lemmas 28 are used most frequently in the language. He advises people to focus 29 these lemmas. With these lemmas, people can understand 75% of the language. And they will be 30 (confidence) to start a conversation, order at a restaurant, and deal with other daily communication.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Body language is an important part of 31 (communicate). If you wish to communicate well, then it makes sense to understand how you can use your body to say what you mean.
Different culture usually makes different body language. Chinese often greet others with a firm handshake, but Americans like a loving hug instead. Russians like to kiss on their 32 (friend) cheek. Some body language also have 33 same meaning in different countries 34 we speak different languages. Smiling is one of them. Take care 35 your body language, then you may make a good impression.
Body language 36 (use) by people for sending messages to one another. It is very useful because it can help you make yourself easily 37 (understand). When you are talking with others, you are not just using words, but also using expressions and gestures. For example, waving one hand 38 (be) to say “Good-bye.” A smile and handshake show welcome, and 39 (clap) hands means congratulations. Nodding the head means agreement, but shaking the head means disagreement. The gestures are accepted both by Chinese and foreigners as having the same meanings.
When you use a foreign language, it is very important to know the meanings of 40 (gesture) and movements in the foreign country.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
I had been expecting this moment for a long time. After a long summer holiday, my new life at senior high school 41 (begin) at last. I was a little 42 (anxiety) in the morning, 43 (worry) that I would not make new friends. I was not outgoing and even a little bit shy after all. However, things turned 44 just fine. Both my teachers and classmates made a good 45 (impress) on me. They were friendly and helpful. In fact, one of my classmates 46 was so talkative kept talking to me over the experiment! Maybe he was just trying to impress me, 47 I felt quite angry because I couldn’t concentrate. I was too frightened 48 (tell) him to leave me alone. It would be awkward if I did. The classes were much more difficult than 49 at junior high school. Thankfully, due to my efforts and teachers’ help, progress 50 (make) so far. There is a lot for me to explore and I’m sure I can fit in and enjoy the new life soon.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Stephen Koss was a math teacher in a New York high school near Manhattan's Chinatown. About a fourth of his students were Chinese. One day, some of them asked him if he would like to be the advisor of their Asian Culture Club since according to the school's rules, a new club must have a teacher taking 51 (responsible) for it. Stephen said yes, and that yes changed his life.
He became interested in Chinese history and culture and began to listen to Chinese songs, watch Chinese movies, and read Chinese books. The students noticed this and advised him 52 (visit) China. Finally, in the summer of 2001, Stephen Koss 53 (arrive) in China. He visited all the prime tourist 54 (destination) : Beijing, Shanghai, Xi'an, and the other big cities. But he thought Suzhou was the most 55 (impress) one. In Suzhou, people talked to him when he walked in the streets, introducing themselves. He recalled that experience: “They were very open 56 foreigners.”
Stephen traveled between China and America, spending the summers in Suzhou, 57 opened a new world for Stephen. He visited historical sites, guest-taught at a local high school, and watched the local opera. He went beyond Suzhou, 58 (explore) the countryside on his bike and visiting the water towns in the region— ancient towns known for their rivers, bridges and canals (运河) . 59 (eventual) , Stephen decided to stay in Suzhou and he became 60 Suzhou local.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Recent studies have shown the benefit — even necessity — of 61 (spend) time outdoors, both for kids 62 adults. Some argue that it can be any outdoor environment. Some say it has to be a “green” environment — one with trees and leaves. Most of the studies agree that kids who play outside are 63 (happy) and less anxious ( 焦虑的) than kids who spend more time indoors. While it’s unclear how 64 (exact) the mood improvements happen, there are a few things we do know about why nature is good 65 kids’ minds.
There are various ways 66 (explore) outdoor environments, from the backyard to the park, and letting a child choose how he treats nature 67 (mean) he has the ability to control his own actions. This style of play also allows kids to interact ( 互动) meaningfully with their environments. They can think more freely, design their own activities, and approach the world in 68 (interest) ways.
Most ways of interacting with nature include more exercise than sitting on the sofa. Kids don’t have to join the local soccer team or ride a bike through the park — even a walk will get their blood pumping ( 流通). Not only is exercise beneficial to kids’ bodies, but it seems to make 69 (they) more focused, which is especially beneficial for kids with ADHD ( 多动症).
So while screen time is the easier, more popular choice, 70 is important to set enough time for outdoor play.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
How deep can a person dive underwater without any 71 (breathe) equipment As one of the world’s top female freedivers, China’s Xu Tongtong’s answer is beyond the limit.
Freediving is gaining 72 (popular) across the world. Divers rely only on their lung capacity to plunge as far as they can-either in open water in so-called “depth” events or in the swimming pool, 73 (simple) called “pool” events.
This year, the 35-year-old Xu 74 (dive) 100 meters underwater successfully in both constant weight (CWT) and constant weight bifin (CWTB) contests, becoming only the third female freediver on the planet 75 (reach) this depth. “When I dived 100 meters and grabbed the depth tag, I knew I had done it and 76 (swim) back to the surface with a smile,” Xu joyfully recalled of her 77 (history) feat (壮举).
Hailing from East China’s Anhui province, Xu changed from swimming to freediving in 2014. “I was able to enter the three-dimensional world from a two-dimensional space. That is 78 I fell in love with freediving,” she told Xinhua in a recent exclusive interview. The biggest attraction of freediving lies 79 facing up to and overcoming our fears. The training is a process of constantly knowing oneself, said Xu. After three months of training and competing this year in Panglao, Xu decided to stay on the island to continue her training and coaching, 80 major source of income for this world-class freediver.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Shichahai is a famous scenic area in the northwest part of Beijing, 81 (surround) places of historic interest and scenic beauty, and remnants(残留) of old-style local residences hutong and courtyard.
Shichahai is always 82 good place for local residents’ recreational life, and in the past 200 years, many government officers and celebrities 83 (choose) to build mansions and temples in it. Thus, the 84 (attract) of Shichahai lies not only in its natural beauty, but also in the historical value of its architecture. The most famous ones among these historical buildings are Prince Gong’s Mansion (Gong Wang Fu), Price Chun’s Mansion (Chun WangFu), 85 the Former Residence of Mei Lanfang, a well known Beijing Opera master.
One of the 86 (great) point s of interest in Shichahai today is its residences hutong and courtyard. Visiting hutongs by pedicab(三轮车) has become a popular activity for 87 (visitor) from China and abroad. The most famous is Jin Si Tao, which 88 (actual) includes 18 hutongs and keeps the original layout.
Some snack streets also lie in Shichahai, and people can find two old brands here. One is Lao Rou Ji, a restaurant selling roast meat, 89 has a history of over 150 years. The other is Bao Du Zhang that has sold 90 (cook) tripe of sheep(羊肚) for four generations.
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Hangzhou, along with five other cities in Zhejiang province, 91 (be) ready to host a smart and safe Asian Games, which will officially open on Saturday, said Chen Weiqiang, chief spokesman for the Hangzhou Asian Games 92 the Hangzhou Asian Para Games.
“The Hangzhou Asian Games the 93 (three) Asiad to be hosted in China—is an Asian Games held in the new era. Many high-tech applications have been set up 94 (provide) a smart and safe Games,” said Chen, 95 is also executive secretary-general of the Hangzhou Asian Games Organizing Committee.
“So far we 96 (overcome) a lot of challenges and are now fully equipped to 97 (success) hold the Games. All 98 (compete) equipment and support and operations teams are in place,” he added.
For the first time, “online torchbearers” from around the world will together light the flame of the Games during 99 opening ceremony, Chen said.
The digital torch relay was held on June 15, in sync (同步) with the physical one. More than 100million people online, who passed on the torch by shaking their mobile phones, had joined 100 the digital relay on Wednesday.
参考答案：
1．the 2．have won 3．diving 4．was encouraged 5．but/yet 6．without 7．to support 8．smiles 9．which 10．lovely
【导语】这是一篇说明文。周六，在杭州奥体中心举行的双人10米台比赛中，创纪录的中国少女全红婵与搭档陈玉曦摘得金牌。文章介绍了全红婵的一些个人经历等情况。
1．考查冠词。句意：周六，在杭州奥体中心举行的双人10米台比赛中，创纪录的中国少女全红婵与搭档陈玉曦摘得金牌。此处Hangzhou Olympic Sports Centre为专有名词，前面应用定冠词。故填the。
2．考查动词时态。句意：事实上，这两个十几岁的女孩在过去三年里赢得了女子10米台比赛的所有主要冠军。根据后文over the last three years可知，为现在完成时，主语为the two teens，助动词用have。故填have won。
3．考查名词。句意：全于2007年出生在广东湛江的一个小村庄，7岁时开始跳水。此处作宾语，应用名词diving。故填diving。
4．考查动词语态。句意：她被鼓励尝试这项运动，因为她在学校玩跳房子游戏时表现出灵活的跳跃能力。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文showed可知，为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为she，谓语用单数。故填was encouraged。
5．考查连词。句意：“我以前从未尝试过其他运动，但我喜欢在水里玩，”她回忆说。结合前后文语境可知，为转折关系，应用but或yet。故填but或yet。
6．考查介词。句意：从一开始，我就可以毫无畏惧和犹豫地跳进水里。后跟名词作宾语，表示“没有”应用介词without。故填without。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：据说，这位年轻的跳水运动员最初从事这项运动是为了挣钱养活她的母亲，她的母亲患有疾病，需要经常照顾。分析句子结构可知，support在句中作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to support。
8．考查名词复数。句意：她简短而简单的回答赢得了微笑，有时甚至是笑声。根据此处与后文laughs是并列成分，也应用复数形式。故填smiles。
9．考查定语从句。句意：当她被问到为什么带着一只玩具乌龟时，她的回答是最长的，这在亚洲博览会上一直是一个热门话题。此处是非限制性定语从句，修饰上文句子，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
10．考查形容词。句意：乌龟长得不好看，但它们很可爱！此处作表语，应用形容词lovely“可爱的”。故填lovely。
11．convenience 12．a 13．towering 14．was constructed 15．amateurs 16．as 17．takes 18．delivery 19．least 20．that
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了湖南平江石牛寨风景区有一个建在悬崖上的商店。
11．考查名词。句意：如果你能在那里的便利店停一下该有多酷啊。表示“便利店”短语为convenience store，名词convenience作定语。故填convenience。
12．考查冠词。句意：对他们来说，这样一个建在悬崖上的商店已经成为现实。此处reality是具体概念，为可数名词，泛指，用不定冠词修饰，且该词的发音为辅音音素开头，应填a；表示“成为现实”短语为become a reality。故填a。
13．考查形容词。句意：石牛寨风景区以其高耸的悬崖、深邃的峡谷和独特的岩层而闻名。修饰名词cliff作定语，应用形容词towering。故填towering。
14．考查时态语态。句意：这家店面面积为2平方米，距离地面约120米，于2017年建成，一年后开业。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文in 2017可知为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为store，谓语用单数。故填was constructed。
15．考查名词的数。句意：来体验景区攀岩项目的游客通常都是业余爱好者，所以他们经常在途中又饿又渴。amateur为可数名词，根据上文visitors可知为复数。故填amateurs。
16．考查介词。句意：公园管理当局决定将这家商店作为他们的茶点中心。表示“把……作为”应用介词as。故填as。
17．考查时态。句意：登山者通常需要将近一个半小时才能到达山顶。根据generally可知为一般现在时，主语为it，谓语用三单形式。故填takes。
18．考查名词。句意：虽然地理位置和运输过程都很费力，但价格却和普通商店差不多。作介词的宾语，应用名词delivery。故填delivery。
19．考查最高级。句意：一些网友开玩笑说这是“最不方便的便利店”，而另一些人则说他们觉得它很可爱，在店里工作“很酷”。结合句意表示“最不”应用最高级least。故填least。
20．考查宾语从句。句意：一些网友开玩笑说这是“最不方便的便利店”，而另一些人则说他们觉得它很可爱，在店里工作“很酷”。空处引导宾语从句作动词say的宾语，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，应用连接词that引导，故填that。
21．locals 22．exactly 23．to see 24．involves 25．the 26．is composed 27．its 28．which/that 29．on/upon 30．confident
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章介绍了学习一门语言的方法和技巧。文中提到，学习一门语言并不需要掌握所有的单词，只需要掌握那些使用频率较高的词汇就能达到较好的语言水平，并进入日常交流。此外，文章还提供了一些学习语言的建议。
21．考查名词。句意：你知道如果你在旅行时不能和当地人交流是多么的失望，你可能会认为学习一门新语言是一项艰巨的任务。分析句子，设空处使用名词作宾语，local意为“当地人”，此处表示复数意义。故填locals。
22．考查副词。句意：我们算出了学好一门语言确切地需要多少单词。分析句子，设空处使用exact的副词exactly作状语，意为“确切地”。故填exactly。
23．考查非谓语动词。句意：一组语言学家设计了一个测试，看看你知道多少英语单词。分析句子，句中have created为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处使用不定式结构表示目的作状语。故填to see。
24．考查动词。句意：英语中有20多万个单词，但测试只涉及其中的50个。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，根据前文的are可知，此处使用一般现在时。主语the test为第三人称单数，谓语动词也应该使用第三人称单数。故填involves。
25．考查冠词。句意：语言学家认为，如果你把你能理解的50个单词的数量乘以500，你就几乎掌握了你的英语词汇量。句中the number of意为“……的数量”。故填the。
26．考查动词。句意：一个词目由一个词根(比如：walk)和它所有的词形变化(walked、walking、walker等)组成。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，根据句意可知，句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时；同时A lemma与compose之间是被动关系，故使用一般现在时被动语态。故填is composed。
27．考查代词。句意同上。分析句子，设空处使用it的形容词性物主代词its作定语，修饰inflections。故填its。
28．考查定语从句。句意：英语中最常用的词目有800到10000种。分析句子，设空处引导的是限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，修饰先行词lemmas，为物，故使用that或者which。故填that或者which。
29．考查介词。句意：他建议人们关注这些词目。句中focus on/upon为固定短语，意为“集中注意力于……”。故填on/upon。
30．考查形容词。句意：他们将有信心开始交谈，在餐馆点菜，以及处理其他日常交流。分析句子，设空处使用confidence形容词confident作表语，意为“自信的”。故填confident。
31．communication 32．friend’s 33．the 34．though/although 35．of 36．is used 37．understood 38．is 39．clapping 40．gestures
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要说明了肢体语言是交流的重要组成部分，列举了不同肢体语所代表的不同含义。
31．考查名词。句意：肢体语言是沟通的重要组成部分。作介词of的宾语，应用名词communication，不可数。故填communication。
32．考查名词所有格。句意：俄罗斯人喜欢亲吻朋友的脸颊。此处friend与cheek为所属关系，应用名词所有格形式。故填friend’s。
33．考查冠词。句意：有些肢体语言在不同的国家也有相同的含义，尽管我们说不同的语言。短语the same表示“相同的”。故填the。
34．考查状语从句。句意：有些肢体语言在不同的国家也有相同的含义，尽管我们说不同的语言。引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”应用though/although。故填though/although。
35．考查介词。句意：注意你的肢体语言，这样你就会给人留下好印象。短语take care of 表示“注意”。故填of。
36．考查时态语态。句意：肢体语言是人们用来互相传递信息的。主语body language与谓语use构成被动关系，且陈述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，此处句子主语是 language，谓语用单数。故填is used。
37．考查非谓语动词。句意：这是非常有用的，因为它可以帮助你使自己容易被理解。分析句子结构可知understand与yourself构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。故填understood。
38．考查主谓一致。句意：例如，挥动一只手是说“再见”。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，此处句子主语是动词-ing 形式 waving one hand，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。
39．考查非谓语动词。句意：微笑和握手表示欢迎，拍手表示祝贺。此处作句子主语，指一般性动作，应用动名词形式。故填clapping。
40．考查名词复数。句意：当你使用一门外语时，了解外国手势和动作的含义是非常重要的。根据后文movements可知应用此处 gestures是名词复数形式，表示泛指。故填gestures。
41．began 42．anxious 43．worrying 44．out 45．impression 46．who 47．but 48．to tell 49．those 50．has been made
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者的高中新生活。
41．考查时态。句意：经过一个漫长的暑假，我的高中新生活终于开始了。根据前后文句意可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填began。
42．考查形容词。句意：早上我有点焦虑，担心交不到新朋友。根据前文I was a little可知，此处应用其形容词作表语。故填anxious。
43．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析可知，此处为非谓语，动词worry和主语之间是主动关系，应用其现在分词作状语，表伴随。故填worrying。
44．考查副词、固定短语。句意：然而，事情的结果很好。turn out“结果是”是固定短语，符合句意。故填out。
45．考查名词。句意：我的老师和同学都给我留下了很好的印象。根据前文made a good可知，此处应用名词单数impression作宾语。故填impression。
46．考查定语从句。句意：事实上，我的一个非常健谈的同学在实验过程中一直在和我说话！此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为one of my classmates，指代不定代词且是人，应用关系代词who引导从句，作主语。故填who。
47．考查连词。句意：也许他只是想给我留下好印象，但我感到很生气，因为我无法集中注意力。后文I felt quite angry和前文之间是转折关系，应用连词but连接。故填but。
48．考查非谓语动词。句意：我太害怕了，不敢告诉，让他别来烦我。too…to…“太……而不能……”是固定句型。故填to tell。
49．考查指示代词。句意：这些课程比初中的课程难多了。指代前文可数名词复数classes应用those。故填those。
50．考查时态和语态。句意：值得庆幸的是，由于我的努力和老师的帮助，到目前为止我已经取得了进步。动词make和主语progress之间是被动关系，根据时间状语so far可知，此处应用现在完成时的被动语态，表示过去的动作对现在的影响。主语progress是不可数名词，主谓一致，故填has been made。
51．responsibility 52．to visit 53．arrived 54．destinations 55．impressive 56．to 57．which 58．exploring 59．Eventually 60．a
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国的一位数学老师爱上中国的历史文化并决定在苏州定居的故事。
51．考查名词。句意：有一天，他们中的一些人问他是否愿意成为他们亚洲文化俱乐部的顾问，因为根据学校的规定，一个新的俱乐部必须有一个老师负责。分析句子结构可知，此处应用名词作take的宾语。take responsibility for... 表示“对……负责任”。故填responsibility。
52．考查非谓语动词。句意：学生们注意到了这一点，建议他去中国看看。 advise sb. to do sth. 表示“建议某人做某事”，是固定搭配。故填to visit。
53．考查动词的时态。句意：终于，在2001年夏天，斯蒂芬·科斯来到了中国。根据时间状语in the summer of 2001可知，此处是在描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填arrived。
54．考查名词复数。句意：他参观了所有主要的旅游目的地：北京、上海、西安和其他大城市。分析句子结构可知，此处destination前面有all修饰，应用可数名词的复数形式。故填destinations。
55．考查形容词。句意：但他认为最令人印象深刻的是苏州。分子结构可知此空在宾语从句中作定语，应用形容词。impressive表示“给人以深刻印象的”。故填impressive。
56．考查介词。句意：他们对外国人很开放。be open to sb. 表示“对某人持开放态度”，是固定搭配。故填to。
57．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：斯蒂芬穿梭于中国和美国之间，在苏州度过夏天，这为他打开了一个新的世界。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的“Stephen traveled between China and America, spending the summers in Suzhou(Stephen往返于美国和中国之间，在苏州度过夏天)”这件事，应用which引导定语从句。故填which。
58．考查非谓语动词。句意：他走出苏州，骑着自行车探索乡村，参观了该地区的水乡——以河流、桥梁和运河闻名的古镇。分析句子结构可知，此句已有谓语动词went，此处应用exploring作随状语，和后面的visiting并列。故填exploring。
59．考查副词。句意：最终，斯蒂芬决定留在苏州，他成为了一个苏州人。分析子结构可知，此处应用副词作状语，修饰整个句子。设空处位于句首，单词首字母应大写。故填Eventually。
60．考查冠词。句意见上题解析。local作名词表示“当地人”，在文中第一次提到，表示泛指，应用不定冠词，且Suzhou的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。
61．spending 62．and 63．happier 64．exactly 65．for 66．to explore 67．means 68．interesting 69．them 70．it
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了户外活动的好处，呼吁人们应该为户外活动设定足够的时间。
61．考查动名词。句意：最近的研究表明，无论对孩子还是成年人来说，花时间在户外都是有益的，甚至是必要的。由空前of介词以及提示词为动词可知，此处应为动名词形式。故填spending。
62．考查连词。句意：最近的研究表明，无论对孩子还是成年人来说，花时间在户外都是有益的，甚至是必要的。分析句子结构可知，此处为连接名词kids和adults，应用连词and，表示“和”。故填and。
63．考查形容词比较级。句意：大多数研究都认为，在户外玩耍的孩子比在室内玩耍的孩子更快乐，更少焦虑。根据语境以及空后的than可知，此处为形容词比较级形式。故填happier。
64．考查副词。句意：虽然目前还不清楚情绪改善是如何发生的，但我们确实知道为什么大自然对孩子的思想有好处。分析句子可知，此处为副词exactly作状语修饰后面的句子。故填exactly。
65．考查介词。句意：虽然目前还不清楚情绪改善是如何发生的，但我们确实知道为什么大自然对孩子的思想有好处。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语be good for“对……有好处”，所以此处为介词for的填入。故填for。
66．考查动词不定式。句意：从后院到公园，探索户外环境的方式多种多样，让孩子选择如何对待自然意味着他有能力控制自己的行为。分析句子可知，此处为动词不定式to do作后置定语修饰ways，ways to do“做某事的方法”为惯用表达。故填to explore。
67．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：从后院到公园，探索户外环境的方式多种多样，让孩子选择如何对待自然意味着他有能力控制自己的行为。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，根据上下文时态可知，该句陈述现在的一般性情况，应用一般现在时；分析句子结构可知，本句使用动名词短语作句子的主语，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填means。
68．考查形容词。句意：他们可以更自由地思考，设计自己的活动，并以有趣的方式接近世界。由空后ways为名词可知，此处为形容词作定语修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填interesting。
69．考查代词。句意：运动不仅对孩子的身体有益，而且似乎能让他们更专注，这对患有多动症的孩子尤其有益。分析句子可知，此处为代词them指代上文提到的复数名词kids。故填them。
70．考查代词。句意：因此，虽然屏幕时间是更容易、更受欢迎的选择，但重要的是要留出足够的户外活动时间。分析句子可知，此处为it is +adj+ to do sth表示“做某事是怎样的”的固定句型，所以此处为代词it作形式主语，动词不定式to do作真正的主语。故填it。
71．breathing 72．popularity 73．simply 74．dived 75．to reach 76．swam 77．historic 78．why 79．in 80．a
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了超越极限的自由潜水运动和世界顶级自由潜水员徐彤彤。
71．考查名词。句意：一个人在没有任何呼吸设备的情况下能在水下潜水多深？固定短语breathing equipment“呼吸设备”，breathing是名词，修饰equipment，作定语。故填breathing。
72．考查名词。句意：自由潜水在全世界受到欢迎。此处作宾语，应用名词popularity“受欢迎度”，不可数名词。故填popularity。
73．考查副词。句意：潜水员只能依靠肺活量尽可能地跳水——无论是在开放水域所谓的“深度”项目中，还是在游泳池项目中，简称“泳池”项目。此处修饰非谓语动词called，应用副词simply“简明地”，作状语。故填simply。
74．考查动词时态。句意：今年，35岁的徐在100米水下恒重(CWT)和恒重(CWTB)两项比赛中都成功潜水，成为世界上第三位达到这一深度的女性自由潜水员。根据下文“becoming only the third female freediver on the planet 5 ( reach) this depth.”可知，此处讲述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填dived。
75．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。此处修饰名词freediver，由序数词修饰，应用不定式作后置定语。故填to reach。
76．考查动词时态。句意：“当我潜入100米并抓住深度标签时，我知道我做到了，并微笑着游回水面，”徐高兴地回忆起她的历史性壮举。此处与前文的dived，knew是并列谓语动词，描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填swam。
77．考查形容词。句意同上。此处修饰名词feat，应用形容词作定语，此处表示“具有历史意义的”，应用形容词historic。故填historic。
78．考查表语从句。句意：“我能够从二维空间进入三维世界，这就是为什么我爱上了自由潜水，”她在最近的一次独家采访中告诉新华社。此处引导表语从句，且表示“为什么”作原因状语，应用连接副词why。故填why。
79．考查介词。句意：自由潜水最大的吸引力在于直面并克服我们的恐惧。固定短语lie in“在于”。故填in。
80．考查冠词。句意：今年在Panglao进行了三个月的训练和比赛后，徐决定留在岛上继续她的训练和指导，这是这位世界级自由潜水员的主要收入来源。此处泛指“一种主要的收入来源”，应用不定冠词，major以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。
81．surrounding 82．a 83．have chosen 84．attraction 85．and 86．greatest 87．visitors 88．actually 89．which 90．cooked
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章向我们介绍了北京什刹海景点的一些情况。
81．考查非谓语动词。句意：什刹海是北京西北部著名的风景区，周围有名胜古迹和当地老式民居的遗迹——胡同和四合院。空格处所填单词与主语之间是逻辑上的主动关系，此处填现在分词作状语。故填surrounding。
82．考查冠词。句意：什刹海一直是当地居民娱乐生活的一个好地方。根据句意，用不定冠词表示泛指“一个好地方”且good的首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。
83．考查时态。句意：在过去的200年里，许多政府官员和名人都选择在这里建造豪宅和寺庙。根据时间状语in the past 200 years可知，此空用现在完成时，主语officers and celebrities是复数，故填have chosen。
84．考查名词。句意：因此，什刹海的吸引力不仅在于它的自然美景，还在于它的建筑的历史价值。此空作主语，用名词形式，单数形式。故填attraction。
85．考查连词。句意：这些历史建筑中最著名的是恭王府、醇王府和著名京剧大师梅兰芳故居。根据句意可知，前后文是并列关系。故填and。
86．考查形容词最高级。句意：今天什刹海最有趣的地方之一是它的民居——胡同和四合院。“one of+形容词最高级+名词复数”表示“最……的之一”，根据句意，故填greatest。
87．考查名词复数。句意：骑三轮车游览胡同已成为国内外游客的热门活动。此处作主语，游客不止一人，用复数。故填visitors。
88．考查副词。句意：最著名的是金丝套，它实际上包括18条胡同，并保持了原来的布局。此处是用副词修饰谓语动词includes。故填actually。
89．考查定语从句。句意：一家是卖烤肉的老肉记，有150多年的历史。根据句子结构可知，该空是定语从句的关系词，先行词a restaurant指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语。故填which。
90．考查非谓语动词。句意：另一家是卖了四代熟羊肚的爆肚张。此处是过去分词作定语修饰tripe of sheep，cook与tripe之间是被动关系。故填cooked。
91．is/has been 92．and 93．third 94．to provide 95．who 96．have overcome 97．successfully 98．competition 99．the 100．in
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了杭州和其他五个城市准备举办智能和安全的亚运会的情况，包括亚运会的主旨、设施、挑战和数字火炬传递等。
91．考查时态。句意：杭州亚运会和残运会首席发言人陈卫强表示，杭州和浙江省其他五个城市已经准备好举办一届智能、安全的亚运会，本届亚运会将于周六正式开幕。这里为本句谓语动词，根据“ready”可知，本句时态为现在完成时或一般现在时；主语为“Hangzhou”，单数。故填is/has been。
92．考查连词。句意：杭州亚运会和残运会首席发言人陈卫强表示，杭州和浙江省其他五个城市已经准备好举办一届智能、安全的亚运会，本届亚运会将于周六正式开幕。空前“the Hangzhou Asian Games”和空后“the Hangzhou Asian Para Games”之间为并列关系，用连词and连接。故填and。
93．考查序数词。句意：“杭州亚运会是中国举办的第三届亚运会，是新时代的亚运会。许多高科技应用已经建立起来，以提供一个智能和安全的比赛，”陈卫强说，他也是杭州亚运会组织委员会的执行秘书长。根据句意可知，空处指的是中国举办的“第三届”亚运会，用序数词。故填third。
94．考查非谓语动词。句意：“杭州亚运会是中国举办的第三届亚运会，是新时代的亚运会。许多高科技应用已经建立起来，以提供一个智能和安全的比赛，”陈卫强说，他也是杭州亚运会组织委员会的执行秘书长。非谓语动词担当目的状语，用动词不定式形式。故填to provide。
95．考查定语从句。句意：“杭州亚运会是中国举办的第三届亚运会，是新时代的亚运会。许多高科技应用已经建立起来，以提供一个智能和安全的比赛，”陈卫强说，他也是杭州亚运会组织委员会的执行秘书长。这里为定语从句词关系词，先行词为“Chen”，表示“人”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词who引导。故填who。
96．考查时态。句意：“到目前为止，我们已经克服了许多挑战，现在已经为成功举办亚运会做好了充分的准备。所有的比赛设备、支持和运营团队都已到位。”这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“so far”可知，本句时态为现在完成时；主语为we，复数，和动词“overcome”之间为主动关系。故填have overcome。
97．考查副词。句意：“到目前为止，我们已经克服了许多挑战，现在已经为成功举办亚运会做好了充分的准备。所有的比赛设备、支持和运营团队都已到位。”修饰动词hold用副词形式。故填successfully。
98．考查名词。句意：“到目前为止，我们已经克服了许多挑战，现在已经为成功举办亚运会做好了充分的准备。所有的比赛设备、支持和运营团队都已到位。”名词修饰名词，构成固定短语：competition equipment，意为“比赛设备”，符合句意。故填competition。
99．考查冠词。句意：陈卫强说，这是第一次，来自世界各地的“在线火炬手”将在开幕式上一起点燃奥运圣火。修饰名词“ceremony”，表示特指“开幕式”，用定冠词the。故填the。
100．考查固定搭配。句意：周三，超过1亿人在网上通过摇手机传递火炬，加入到数字传递中。固定搭配：join in，意为“参加”，符合句意。故填in。
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
期末易错专项特训：语法填空-英语必修第一册人教A版（2019）
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Olympic record-setting Chinese teen Quan Hongchan collected gold in the synchronized 10m platform (双人10米跳台) event alongside her partner Chen Yuxi, at 1 Hangzhou Olympic Sports Centre on Saturday. The duo (二人组) racked up a total 375.30 points — 85.26 points more than the Japanese silver medalists. In fact, the two teens 2 (win) all major titles in the women’s 10m platform events over the last three years.
Quan was born in a small village of Zhanjiang, Guangdong, in 2007 and took up 3 (dive) at age 7. She 4 (encourage) to try the sport because of the agility (灵活) she showed while jumping when she played hopscotch (跳房子游戏) at school.
“I’d never tried any other sports before, 5 I enjoyed playing in the water,” she recalled. “From the very start, I could jump into the water 6 fear or hesitation.” The young diver is said to have initially (最初) taken up the sport to earn money 7 (support) her mother, who has an illness that requires constant care.
Journalists from around the world lined up for two hours to ask her questions. Her short and simple answers won 8 (smile) and sometimes laughs. Her longest response came when she was asked why she was carrying a toy turtle, 9 has been a hot topic at the Asiad, “Because I like it. Turtles are not good-looking, but they’re 10 (love)! I like them!”
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Imagine you’re climbing a mountain, and along the way you start to get hungry or thirsty. How cool it would be if you could just stop at a 11 (convenient) store there. Climbers in Pingjiang, Hunan province, don’t have to imagine this. For them, such a store built on a cliff has become 12 reality.
The Shiniuzhai scenic area is famous for its 13 (tower) cliffs, deep canyons and unique rock formations. The 2-square-meter store about 120 meters above the ground 14 (construct) in 2017 and opened a year later.
Visitors coming to experience the scenic area’s rock climbing program are usually 15 (amateur), so they often get hungry and thirsty along the way. The park authority decided to build the store 16 a refreshment center for them. The drinks and food at the store are carried up by staff members every day. It generally 17 (take) the climbers nearly one-and-a-half hours to make it to the top.
Despite the location and laborious 18 (deliver) of the products, the prices are similar to those at ordinary store. Some netizens joke that it is the “ 19 (little) convenient convenience store”, while others say they find it adorable and 20 it would be “very cool” to work in the store.
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You know how disappointed it can be if you are not able to communicate with the 21 (local) when you are traveling, and you might think learning a new language is a tough task.
But fear not! We figured out 22 (exact) how many words you need to learn to speak a language well.
A group linguists have created a test 23 (see) how many words you know in English. There are 200,000+ words in the English language, but the test only 24 (involve) 50 0f them. You may not understand all of the 50 words. The linguists believe that if you multiply 25 number of words out of 50 that you understand by 500, you’ll almost know your English vocabulary.
A professor has found that native speakers of a language know 15,000 to 20,000 lemmas (词目). A lemma 26 (compose) of a root word (say: walk) and all of 27 (it) inflections (walked, walking, walker, etc. ). But if you learn a new language, you can never understand 15,000 lemmas.
He discourages people from learning all of the words in a language. There are 800 to 10,000 lemmas 28 are used most frequently in the language. He advises people to focus 29 these lemmas. With these lemmas, people can understand 75% of the language. And they will be 30 (confidence) to start a conversation, order at a restaurant, and deal with other daily communication.
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Body language is an important part of 31 (communicate). If you wish to communicate well, then it makes sense to understand how you can use your body to say what you mean.
Different culture usually makes different body language. Chinese often greet others with a firm handshake, but Americans like a loving hug instead. Russians like to kiss on their 32 (friend) cheek. Some body language also have 33 same meaning in different countries 34 we speak different languages. Smiling is one of them. Take care 35 your body language, then you may make a good impression.
Body language 36 (use) by people for sending messages to one another. It is very useful because it can help you make yourself easily 37 (understand). When you are talking with others, you are not just using words, but also using expressions and gestures. For example, waving one hand 38 (be) to say “Good-bye.” A smile and handshake show welcome, and 39 (clap) hands means congratulations. Nodding the head means agreement, but shaking the head means disagreement. The gestures are accepted both by Chinese and foreigners as having the same meanings.
When you use a foreign language, it is very important to know the meanings of 40 (gesture) and movements in the foreign country.
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I had been expecting this moment for a long time. After a long summer holiday, my new life at senior high school 41 (begin) at last. I was a little 42 (anxiety) in the morning, 43 (worry) that I would not make new friends. I was not outgoing and even a little bit shy after all. However, things turned 44 just fine. Both my teachers and classmates made a good 45 (impress) on me. They were friendly and helpful. In fact, one of my classmates 46 was so talkative kept talking to me over the experiment! Maybe he was just trying to impress me, 47 I felt quite angry because I couldn’t concentrate. I was too frightened 48 (tell) him to leave me alone. It would be awkward if I did. The classes were much more difficult than 49 at junior high school. Thankfully, due to my efforts and teachers’ help, progress 50 (make) so far. There is a lot for me to explore and I’m sure I can fit in and enjoy the new life soon.
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Stephen Koss was a math teacher in a New York high school near Manhattan's Chinatown. About a fourth of his students were Chinese. One day, some of them asked him if he would like to be the advisor of their Asian Culture Club since according to the school's rules, a new club must have a teacher taking 51 (responsible) for it. Stephen said yes, and that yes changed his life.
He became interested in Chinese history and culture and began to listen to Chinese songs, watch Chinese movies, and read Chinese books. The students noticed this and advised him 52 (visit) China. Finally, in the summer of 2001, Stephen Koss 53 (arrive) in China. He visited all the prime tourist 54 (destination) : Beijing, Shanghai, Xi'an, and the other big cities. But he thought Suzhou was the most 55 (impress) one. In Suzhou, people talked to him when he walked in the streets, introducing themselves. He recalled that experience: “They were very open 56 foreigners.”
Stephen traveled between China and America, spending the summers in Suzhou, 57 opened a new world for Stephen. He visited historical sites, guest-taught at a local high school, and watched the local opera. He went beyond Suzhou, 58 (explore) the countryside on his bike and visiting the water towns in the region— ancient towns known for their rivers, bridges and canals (运河) . 59 (eventual) , Stephen decided to stay in Suzhou and he became 60 Suzhou local.
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Recent studies have shown the benefit — even necessity — of 61 (spend) time outdoors, both for kids 62 adults. Some argue that it can be any outdoor environment. Some say it has to be a “green” environment — one with trees and leaves. Most of the studies agree that kids who play outside are 63 (happy) and less anxious ( 焦虑的) than kids who spend more time indoors. While it’s unclear how 64 (exact) the mood improvements happen, there are a few things we do know about why nature is good 65 kids’ minds.
There are various ways 66 (explore) outdoor environments, from the backyard to the park, and letting a child choose how he treats nature 67 (mean) he has the ability to control his own actions. This style of play also allows kids to interact ( 互动) meaningfully with their environments. They can think more freely, design their own activities, and approach the world in 68 (interest) ways.
Most ways of interacting with nature include more exercise than sitting on the sofa. Kids don’t have to join the local soccer team or ride a bike through the park — even a walk will get their blood pumping ( 流通). Not only is exercise beneficial to kids’ bodies, but it seems to make 69 (they) more focused, which is especially beneficial for kids with ADHD ( 多动症).
So while screen time is the easier, more popular choice, 70 is important to set enough time for outdoor play.
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How deep can a person dive underwater without any 71 (breathe) equipment As one of the world’s top female freedivers, China’s Xu Tongtong’s answer is beyond the limit.
Freediving is gaining 72 (popular) across the world. Divers rely only on their lung capacity to plunge as far as they can-either in open water in so-called “depth” events or in the swimming pool, 73 (simple) called “pool” events.
This year, the 35-year-old Xu 74 (dive) 100 meters underwater successfully in both constant weight (CWT) and constant weight bifin (CWTB) contests, becoming only the third female freediver on the planet 75 (reach) this depth. “When I dived 100 meters and grabbed the depth tag, I knew I had done it and 76 (swim) back to the surface with a smile,” Xu joyfully recalled of her 77 (history) feat (壮举).
Hailing from East China’s Anhui province, Xu changed from swimming to freediving in 2014. “I was able to enter the three-dimensional world from a two-dimensional space. That is 78 I fell in love with freediving,” she told Xinhua in a recent exclusive interview. The biggest attraction of freediving lies 79 facing up to and overcoming our fears. The training is a process of constantly knowing oneself, said Xu. After three months of training and competing this year in Panglao, Xu decided to stay on the island to continue her training and coaching, 80 major source of income for this world-class freediver.
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Shichahai is a famous scenic area in the northwest part of Beijing, 81 (surround) places of historic interest and scenic beauty, and remnants(残留) of old-style local residences hutong and courtyard.
Shichahai is always 82 good place for local residents’ recreational life, and in the past 200 years, many government officers and celebrities 83 (choose) to build mansions and temples in it. Thus, the 84 (attract) of Shichahai lies not only in its natural beauty, but also in the historical value of its architecture. The most famous ones among these historical buildings are Prince Gong’s Mansion (Gong Wang Fu), Price Chun’s Mansion (Chun WangFu), 85 the Former Residence of Mei Lanfang, a well known Beijing Opera master.
One of the 86 (great) point s of interest in Shichahai today is its residences hutong and courtyard. Visiting hutongs by pedicab(三轮车) has become a popular activity for 87 (visitor) from China and abroad. The most famous is Jin Si Tao, which 88 (actual) includes 18 hutongs and keeps the original layout.
Some snack streets also lie in Shichahai, and people can find two old brands here. One is Lao Rou Ji, a restaurant selling roast meat, 89 has a history of over 150 years. The other is Bao Du Zhang that has sold 90 (cook) tripe of sheep(羊肚) for four generations.
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Hangzhou, along with five other cities in Zhejiang province, 91 (be) ready to host a smart and safe Asian Games, which will officially open on Saturday, said Chen Weiqiang, chief spokesman for the Hangzhou Asian Games 92 the Hangzhou Asian Para Games.
“The Hangzhou Asian Games the 93 (three) Asiad to be hosted in China—is an Asian Games held in the new era. Many high-tech applications have been set up 94 (provide) a smart and safe Games,” said Chen, 95 is also executive secretary-general of the Hangzhou Asian Games Organizing Committee.
“So far we 96 (overcome) a lot of challenges and are now fully equipped to 97 (success) hold the Games. All 98 (compete) equipment and support and operations teams are in place,” he added.
For the first time, “online torchbearers” from around the world will together light the flame of the Games during 99 opening ceremony, Chen said.
The digital torch relay was held on June 15, in sync (同步) with the physical one. More than 100million people online, who passed on the torch by shaking their mobile phones, had joined 100 the digital relay on Wednesday.
参考答案：
1．the 2．have won 3．diving 4．was encouraged 5．but/yet 6．without 7．to support 8．smiles 9．which 10．lovely
【导语】这是一篇说明文。周六，在杭州奥体中心举行的双人10米台比赛中，创纪录的中国少女全红婵与搭档陈玉曦摘得金牌。文章介绍了全红婵的一些个人经历等情况。
1．考查冠词。句意：周六，在杭州奥体中心举行的双人10米台比赛中，创纪录的中国少女全红婵与搭档陈玉曦摘得金牌。此处Hangzhou Olympic Sports Centre为专有名词，前面应用定冠词。故填the。
2．考查动词时态。句意：事实上，这两个十几岁的女孩在过去三年里赢得了女子10米台比赛的所有主要冠军。根据后文over the last three years可知，为现在完成时，主语为the two teens，助动词用have。故填have won。
3．考查名词。句意：全于2007年出生在广东湛江的一个小村庄，7岁时开始跳水。此处作宾语，应用名词diving。故填diving。
4．考查动词语态。句意：她被鼓励尝试这项运动，因为她在学校玩跳房子游戏时表现出灵活的跳跃能力。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文showed可知，为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为she，谓语用单数。故填was encouraged。
5．考查连词。句意：“我以前从未尝试过其他运动，但我喜欢在水里玩，”她回忆说。结合前后文语境可知，为转折关系，应用but或yet。故填but或yet。
6．考查介词。句意：从一开始，我就可以毫无畏惧和犹豫地跳进水里。后跟名词作宾语，表示“没有”应用介词without。故填without。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：据说，这位年轻的跳水运动员最初从事这项运动是为了挣钱养活她的母亲，她的母亲患有疾病，需要经常照顾。分析句子结构可知，support在句中作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to support。
8．考查名词复数。句意：她简短而简单的回答赢得了微笑，有时甚至是笑声。根据此处与后文laughs是并列成分，也应用复数形式。故填smiles。
9．考查定语从句。句意：当她被问到为什么带着一只玩具乌龟时，她的回答是最长的，这在亚洲博览会上一直是一个热门话题。此处是非限制性定语从句，修饰上文句子，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
10．考查形容词。句意：乌龟长得不好看，但它们很可爱！此处作表语，应用形容词lovely“可爱的”。故填lovely。
11．convenience 12．a 13．towering 14．was constructed 15．amateurs 16．as 17．takes 18．delivery 19．least 20．that
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了湖南平江石牛寨风景区有一个建在悬崖上的商店。
11．考查名词。句意：如果你能在那里的便利店停一下该有多酷啊。表示“便利店”短语为convenience store，名词convenience作定语。故填convenience。
12．考查冠词。句意：对他们来说，这样一个建在悬崖上的商店已经成为现实。此处reality是具体概念，为可数名词，泛指，用不定冠词修饰，且该词的发音为辅音音素开头，应填a；表示“成为现实”短语为become a reality。故填a。
13．考查形容词。句意：石牛寨风景区以其高耸的悬崖、深邃的峡谷和独特的岩层而闻名。修饰名词cliff作定语，应用形容词towering。故填towering。
14．考查时态语态。句意：这家店面面积为2平方米，距离地面约120米，于2017年建成，一年后开业。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文in 2017可知为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为store，谓语用单数。故填was constructed。
15．考查名词的数。句意：来体验景区攀岩项目的游客通常都是业余爱好者，所以他们经常在途中又饿又渴。amateur为可数名词，根据上文visitors可知为复数。故填amateurs。
16．考查介词。句意：公园管理当局决定将这家商店作为他们的茶点中心。表示“把……作为”应用介词as。故填as。
17．考查时态。句意：登山者通常需要将近一个半小时才能到达山顶。根据generally可知为一般现在时，主语为it，谓语用三单形式。故填takes。
18．考查名词。句意：虽然地理位置和运输过程都很费力，但价格却和普通商店差不多。作介词的宾语，应用名词delivery。故填delivery。
19．考查最高级。句意：一些网友开玩笑说这是“最不方便的便利店”，而另一些人则说他们觉得它很可爱，在店里工作“很酷”。结合句意表示“最不”应用最高级least。故填least。
20．考查宾语从句。句意：一些网友开玩笑说这是“最不方便的便利店”，而另一些人则说他们觉得它很可爱，在店里工作“很酷”。空处引导宾语从句作动词say的宾语，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，应用连接词that引导，故填that。
21．locals 22．exactly 23．to see 24．involves 25．the 26．is composed 27．its 28．which/that 29．on/upon 30．confident
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章介绍了学习一门语言的方法和技巧。文中提到，学习一门语言并不需要掌握所有的单词，只需要掌握那些使用频率较高的词汇就能达到较好的语言水平，并进入日常交流。此外，文章还提供了一些学习语言的建议。
21．考查名词。句意：你知道如果你在旅行时不能和当地人交流是多么的失望，你可能会认为学习一门新语言是一项艰巨的任务。分析句子，设空处使用名词作宾语，local意为“当地人”，此处表示复数意义。故填locals。
22．考查副词。句意：我们算出了学好一门语言确切地需要多少单词。分析句子，设空处使用exact的副词exactly作状语，意为“确切地”。故填exactly。
23．考查非谓语动词。句意：一组语言学家设计了一个测试，看看你知道多少英语单词。分析句子，句中have created为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处使用不定式结构表示目的作状语。故填to see。
24．考查动词。句意：英语中有20多万个单词，但测试只涉及其中的50个。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，根据前文的are可知，此处使用一般现在时。主语the test为第三人称单数，谓语动词也应该使用第三人称单数。故填involves。
25．考查冠词。句意：语言学家认为，如果你把你能理解的50个单词的数量乘以500，你就几乎掌握了你的英语词汇量。句中the number of意为“……的数量”。故填the。
26．考查动词。句意：一个词目由一个词根(比如：walk)和它所有的词形变化(walked、walking、walker等)组成。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，根据句意可知，句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时；同时A lemma与compose之间是被动关系，故使用一般现在时被动语态。故填is composed。
27．考查代词。句意同上。分析句子，设空处使用it的形容词性物主代词its作定语，修饰inflections。故填its。
28．考查定语从句。句意：英语中最常用的词目有800到10000种。分析句子，设空处引导的是限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，修饰先行词lemmas，为物，故使用that或者which。故填that或者which。
29．考查介词。句意：他建议人们关注这些词目。句中focus on/upon为固定短语，意为“集中注意力于……”。故填on/upon。
30．考查形容词。句意：他们将有信心开始交谈，在餐馆点菜，以及处理其他日常交流。分析句子，设空处使用confidence形容词confident作表语，意为“自信的”。故填confident。
31．communication 32．friend’s 33．the 34．though/although 35．of 36．is used 37．understood 38．is 39．clapping 40．gestures
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要说明了肢体语言是交流的重要组成部分，列举了不同肢体语所代表的不同含义。
31．考查名词。句意：肢体语言是沟通的重要组成部分。作介词of的宾语，应用名词communication，不可数。故填communication。
32．考查名词所有格。句意：俄罗斯人喜欢亲吻朋友的脸颊。此处friend与cheek为所属关系，应用名词所有格形式。故填friend’s。
33．考查冠词。句意：有些肢体语言在不同的国家也有相同的含义，尽管我们说不同的语言。短语the same表示“相同的”。故填the。
34．考查状语从句。句意：有些肢体语言在不同的国家也有相同的含义，尽管我们说不同的语言。引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”应用though/although。故填though/although。
35．考查介词。句意：注意你的肢体语言，这样你就会给人留下好印象。短语take care of 表示“注意”。故填of。
36．考查时态语态。句意：肢体语言是人们用来互相传递信息的。主语body language与谓语use构成被动关系，且陈述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，此处句子主语是 language，谓语用单数。故填is used。
37．考查非谓语动词。句意：这是非常有用的，因为它可以帮助你使自己容易被理解。分析句子结构可知understand与yourself构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。故填understood。
38．考查主谓一致。句意：例如，挥动一只手是说“再见”。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，此处句子主语是动词-ing 形式 waving one hand，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。
39．考查非谓语动词。句意：微笑和握手表示欢迎，拍手表示祝贺。此处作句子主语，指一般性动作，应用动名词形式。故填clapping。
40．考查名词复数。句意：当你使用一门外语时，了解外国手势和动作的含义是非常重要的。根据后文movements可知应用此处 gestures是名词复数形式，表示泛指。故填gestures。
41．began 42．anxious 43．worrying 44．out 45．impression 46．who 47．but 48．to tell 49．those 50．has been made
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者的高中新生活。
41．考查时态。句意：经过一个漫长的暑假，我的高中新生活终于开始了。根据前后文句意可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填began。
42．考查形容词。句意：早上我有点焦虑，担心交不到新朋友。根据前文I was a little可知，此处应用其形容词作表语。故填anxious。
43．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析可知，此处为非谓语，动词worry和主语之间是主动关系，应用其现在分词作状语，表伴随。故填worrying。
44．考查副词、固定短语。句意：然而，事情的结果很好。turn out“结果是”是固定短语，符合句意。故填out。
45．考查名词。句意：我的老师和同学都给我留下了很好的印象。根据前文made a good可知，此处应用名词单数impression作宾语。故填impression。
46．考查定语从句。句意：事实上，我的一个非常健谈的同学在实验过程中一直在和我说话！此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为one of my classmates，指代不定代词且是人，应用关系代词who引导从句，作主语。故填who。
47．考查连词。句意：也许他只是想给我留下好印象，但我感到很生气，因为我无法集中注意力。后文I felt quite angry和前文之间是转折关系，应用连词but连接。故填but。
48．考查非谓语动词。句意：我太害怕了，不敢告诉，让他别来烦我。too…to…“太……而不能……”是固定句型。故填to tell。
49．考查指示代词。句意：这些课程比初中的课程难多了。指代前文可数名词复数classes应用those。故填those。
50．考查时态和语态。句意：值得庆幸的是，由于我的努力和老师的帮助，到目前为止我已经取得了进步。动词make和主语progress之间是被动关系，根据时间状语so far可知，此处应用现在完成时的被动语态，表示过去的动作对现在的影响。主语progress是不可数名词，主谓一致，故填has been made。
51．responsibility 52．to visit 53．arrived 54．destinations 55．impressive 56．to 57．which 58．exploring 59．Eventually 60．a
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国的一位数学老师爱上中国的历史文化并决定在苏州定居的故事。
51．考查名词。句意：有一天，他们中的一些人问他是否愿意成为他们亚洲文化俱乐部的顾问，因为根据学校的规定，一个新的俱乐部必须有一个老师负责。分析句子结构可知，此处应用名词作take的宾语。take responsibility for... 表示“对……负责任”。故填responsibility。
52．考查非谓语动词。句意：学生们注意到了这一点，建议他去中国看看。 advise sb. to do sth. 表示“建议某人做某事”，是固定搭配。故填to visit。
53．考查动词的时态。句意：终于，在2001年夏天，斯蒂芬·科斯来到了中国。根据时间状语in the summer of 2001可知，此处是在描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填arrived。
54．考查名词复数。句意：他参观了所有主要的旅游目的地：北京、上海、西安和其他大城市。分析句子结构可知，此处destination前面有all修饰，应用可数名词的复数形式。故填destinations。
55．考查形容词。句意：但他认为最令人印象深刻的是苏州。分子结构可知此空在宾语从句中作定语，应用形容词。impressive表示“给人以深刻印象的”。故填impressive。
56．考查介词。句意：他们对外国人很开放。be open to sb. 表示“对某人持开放态度”，是固定搭配。故填to。
57．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：斯蒂芬穿梭于中国和美国之间，在苏州度过夏天，这为他打开了一个新的世界。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的“Stephen traveled between China and America, spending the summers in Suzhou(Stephen往返于美国和中国之间，在苏州度过夏天)”这件事，应用which引导定语从句。故填which。
58．考查非谓语动词。句意：他走出苏州，骑着自行车探索乡村，参观了该地区的水乡——以河流、桥梁和运河闻名的古镇。分析句子结构可知，此句已有谓语动词went，此处应用exploring作随状语，和后面的visiting并列。故填exploring。
59．考查副词。句意：最终，斯蒂芬决定留在苏州，他成为了一个苏州人。分析子结构可知，此处应用副词作状语，修饰整个句子。设空处位于句首，单词首字母应大写。故填Eventually。
60．考查冠词。句意见上题解析。local作名词表示“当地人”，在文中第一次提到，表示泛指，应用不定冠词，且Suzhou的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。
61．spending 62．and 63．happier 64．exactly 65．for 66．to explore 67．means 68．interesting 69．them 70．it
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了户外活动的好处，呼吁人们应该为户外活动设定足够的时间。
61．考查动名词。句意：最近的研究表明，无论对孩子还是成年人来说，花时间在户外都是有益的，甚至是必要的。由空前of介词以及提示词为动词可知，此处应为动名词形式。故填spending。
62．考查连词。句意：最近的研究表明，无论对孩子还是成年人来说，花时间在户外都是有益的，甚至是必要的。分析句子结构可知，此处为连接名词kids和adults，应用连词and，表示“和”。故填and。
63．考查形容词比较级。句意：大多数研究都认为，在户外玩耍的孩子比在室内玩耍的孩子更快乐，更少焦虑。根据语境以及空后的than可知，此处为形容词比较级形式。故填happier。
64．考查副词。句意：虽然目前还不清楚情绪改善是如何发生的，但我们确实知道为什么大自然对孩子的思想有好处。分析句子可知，此处为副词exactly作状语修饰后面的句子。故填exactly。
65．考查介词。句意：虽然目前还不清楚情绪改善是如何发生的，但我们确实知道为什么大自然对孩子的思想有好处。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语be good for“对……有好处”，所以此处为介词for的填入。故填for。
66．考查动词不定式。句意：从后院到公园，探索户外环境的方式多种多样，让孩子选择如何对待自然意味着他有能力控制自己的行为。分析句子可知，此处为动词不定式to do作后置定语修饰ways，ways to do“做某事的方法”为惯用表达。故填to explore。
67．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：从后院到公园，探索户外环境的方式多种多样，让孩子选择如何对待自然意味着他有能力控制自己的行为。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，根据上下文时态可知，该句陈述现在的一般性情况，应用一般现在时；分析句子结构可知，本句使用动名词短语作句子的主语，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填means。
68．考查形容词。句意：他们可以更自由地思考，设计自己的活动，并以有趣的方式接近世界。由空后ways为名词可知，此处为形容词作定语修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填interesting。
69．考查代词。句意：运动不仅对孩子的身体有益，而且似乎能让他们更专注，这对患有多动症的孩子尤其有益。分析句子可知，此处为代词them指代上文提到的复数名词kids。故填them。
70．考查代词。句意：因此，虽然屏幕时间是更容易、更受欢迎的选择，但重要的是要留出足够的户外活动时间。分析句子可知，此处为it is +adj+ to do sth表示“做某事是怎样的”的固定句型，所以此处为代词it作形式主语，动词不定式to do作真正的主语。故填it。
71．breathing 72．popularity 73．simply 74．dived 75．to reach 76．swam 77．historic 78．why 79．in 80．a
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了超越极限的自由潜水运动和世界顶级自由潜水员徐彤彤。
71．考查名词。句意：一个人在没有任何呼吸设备的情况下能在水下潜水多深？固定短语breathing equipment“呼吸设备”，breathing是名词，修饰equipment，作定语。故填breathing。
72．考查名词。句意：自由潜水在全世界受到欢迎。此处作宾语，应用名词popularity“受欢迎度”，不可数名词。故填popularity。
73．考查副词。句意：潜水员只能依靠肺活量尽可能地跳水——无论是在开放水域所谓的“深度”项目中，还是在游泳池项目中，简称“泳池”项目。此处修饰非谓语动词called，应用副词simply“简明地”，作状语。故填simply。
74．考查动词时态。句意：今年，35岁的徐在100米水下恒重(CWT)和恒重(CWTB)两项比赛中都成功潜水，成为世界上第三位达到这一深度的女性自由潜水员。根据下文“becoming only the third female freediver on the planet 5 ( reach) this depth.”可知，此处讲述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填dived。
75．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。此处修饰名词freediver，由序数词修饰，应用不定式作后置定语。故填to reach。
76．考查动词时态。句意：“当我潜入100米并抓住深度标签时，我知道我做到了，并微笑着游回水面，”徐高兴地回忆起她的历史性壮举。此处与前文的dived，knew是并列谓语动词，描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填swam。
77．考查形容词。句意同上。此处修饰名词feat，应用形容词作定语，此处表示“具有历史意义的”，应用形容词historic。故填historic。
78．考查表语从句。句意：“我能够从二维空间进入三维世界，这就是为什么我爱上了自由潜水，”她在最近的一次独家采访中告诉新华社。此处引导表语从句，且表示“为什么”作原因状语，应用连接副词why。故填why。
79．考查介词。句意：自由潜水最大的吸引力在于直面并克服我们的恐惧。固定短语lie in“在于”。故填in。
80．考查冠词。句意：今年在Panglao进行了三个月的训练和比赛后，徐决定留在岛上继续她的训练和指导，这是这位世界级自由潜水员的主要收入来源。此处泛指“一种主要的收入来源”，应用不定冠词，major以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。
81．surrounding 82．a 83．have chosen 84．attraction 85．and 86．greatest 87．visitors 88．actually 89．which 90．cooked
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章向我们介绍了北京什刹海景点的一些情况。
81．考查非谓语动词。句意：什刹海是北京西北部著名的风景区，周围有名胜古迹和当地老式民居的遗迹——胡同和四合院。空格处所填单词与主语之间是逻辑上的主动关系，此处填现在分词作状语。故填surrounding。
82．考查冠词。句意：什刹海一直是当地居民娱乐生活的一个好地方。根据句意，用不定冠词表示泛指“一个好地方”且good的首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。
83．考查时态。句意：在过去的200年里，许多政府官员和名人都选择在这里建造豪宅和寺庙。根据时间状语in the past 200 years可知，此空用现在完成时，主语officers and celebrities是复数，故填have chosen。
84．考查名词。句意：因此，什刹海的吸引力不仅在于它的自然美景，还在于它的建筑的历史价值。此空作主语，用名词形式，单数形式。故填attraction。
85．考查连词。句意：这些历史建筑中最著名的是恭王府、醇王府和著名京剧大师梅兰芳故居。根据句意可知，前后文是并列关系。故填and。
86．考查形容词最高级。句意：今天什刹海最有趣的地方之一是它的民居——胡同和四合院。“one of+形容词最高级+名词复数”表示“最……的之一”，根据句意，故填greatest。
87．考查名词复数。句意：骑三轮车游览胡同已成为国内外游客的热门活动。此处作主语，游客不止一人，用复数。故填visitors。
88．考查副词。句意：最著名的是金丝套，它实际上包括18条胡同，并保持了原来的布局。此处是用副词修饰谓语动词includes。故填actually。
89．考查定语从句。句意：一家是卖烤肉的老肉记，有150多年的历史。根据句子结构可知，该空是定语从句的关系词，先行词a restaurant指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语。故填which。
90．考查非谓语动词。句意：另一家是卖了四代熟羊肚的爆肚张。此处是过去分词作定语修饰tripe of sheep，cook与tripe之间是被动关系。故填cooked。
91．is/has been 92．and 93．third 94．to provide 95．who 96．have overcome 97．successfully 98．competition 99．the 100．in
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了杭州和其他五个城市准备举办智能和安全的亚运会的情况，包括亚运会的主旨、设施、挑战和数字火炬传递等。
91．考查时态。句意：杭州亚运会和残运会首席发言人陈卫强表示，杭州和浙江省其他五个城市已经准备好举办一届智能、安全的亚运会，本届亚运会将于周六正式开幕。这里为本句谓语动词，根据“ready”可知，本句时态为现在完成时或一般现在时；主语为“Hangzhou”，单数。故填is/has been。
92．考查连词。句意：杭州亚运会和残运会首席发言人陈卫强表示，杭州和浙江省其他五个城市已经准备好举办一届智能、安全的亚运会，本届亚运会将于周六正式开幕。空前“the Hangzhou Asian Games”和空后“the Hangzhou Asian Para Games”之间为并列关系，用连词and连接。故填and。
93．考查序数词。句意：“杭州亚运会是中国举办的第三届亚运会，是新时代的亚运会。许多高科技应用已经建立起来，以提供一个智能和安全的比赛，”陈卫强说，他也是杭州亚运会组织委员会的执行秘书长。根据句意可知，空处指的是中国举办的“第三届”亚运会，用序数词。故填third。
94．考查非谓语动词。句意：“杭州亚运会是中国举办的第三届亚运会，是新时代的亚运会。许多高科技应用已经建立起来，以提供一个智能和安全的比赛，”陈卫强说，他也是杭州亚运会组织委员会的执行秘书长。非谓语动词担当目的状语，用动词不定式形式。故填to provide。
95．考查定语从句。句意：“杭州亚运会是中国举办的第三届亚运会，是新时代的亚运会。许多高科技应用已经建立起来，以提供一个智能和安全的比赛，”陈卫强说，他也是杭州亚运会组织委员会的执行秘书长。这里为定语从句词关系词，先行词为“Chen”，表示“人”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词who引导。故填who。
96．考查时态。句意：“到目前为止，我们已经克服了许多挑战，现在已经为成功举办亚运会做好了充分的准备。所有的比赛设备、支持和运营团队都已到位。”这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“so far”可知，本句时态为现在完成时；主语为we，复数，和动词“overcome”之间为主动关系。故填have overcome。
97．考查副词。句意：“到目前为止，我们已经克服了许多挑战，现在已经为成功举办亚运会做好了充分的准备。所有的比赛设备、支持和运营团队都已到位。”修饰动词hold用副词形式。故填successfully。
98．考查名词。句意：“到目前为止，我们已经克服了许多挑战，现在已经为成功举办亚运会做好了充分的准备。所有的比赛设备、支持和运营团队都已到位。”名词修饰名词，构成固定短语：competition equipment，意为“比赛设备”，符合句意。故填competition。
99．考查冠词。句意：陈卫强说，这是第一次，来自世界各地的“在线火炬手”将在开幕式上一起点燃奥运圣火。修饰名词“ceremony”，表示特指“开幕式”，用定冠词the。故填the。
100．考查固定搭配。句意：周三，超过1亿人在网上通过摇手机传递火炬，加入到数字传递中。固定搭配：join in，意为“参加”，符合句意。故填in。
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