中考英语一轮复习语法知识
冠词
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考点复习
1
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冠词分为不定冠词(a, an),定冠词(the),和零冠词。
I. 不定冠词的用法
1 指一类人或事,相当于a kind of A plane is a machine that can fly.
2 第一次提及某人某物,非特指 A boy is waiting for you.有个男孩在等你。
3 表示“每一”相当于every,one We study eight hours a day.
4 表示“相同”相当于the same We are nearly of an age.
5 用于人名前,表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事 — Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith —Sorry, wrong number. There isn't______ Mr. Smith here. A. 不填 B. a C. the D. one That boy is rather a Lei Feng.(活雷锋)
6 用于固定词组中 a couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time
7 用于quite, rather, many, half, what, such之后 This room is rather a big one.
8 用于so(as, too, how)+形容词之后 She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.
9 用于抽象名词具体化的名词前 success(抽象名词)→a success(具体化) 成功的人或事 a failure 失败的人或事 a shame 带来耻辱的人或事 a pity 可惜或遗憾的事 a must 必需必备的事 a good knowledge of 精通掌握某一方面的知识
II. 定冠词的用法
1 表示某一类人或物 In many places in China, ___ bicycle is still ___ popular means of transportation. A. a; the B. /; a C. the; a D. the; the
2 用于世上独一无二的事物名词前 the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean
3 表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事 Would you mind opening the door
4 用于演奏乐器 play the violin, play the guitar
5 用于形容词和分词前表示一类人 the reach, the living, the wounded
6 表示“一家人”或“夫妇”(对比上文的不定冠词用法5) —Could you tell me the way to ____ Johnsons, please
—Sorry, we don’t have ____ Johnson here in the village.
A. the; the B. the; a C. /; the D. the; /
7 用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前 He is the taller of the two children.
8 用于国家党派等以及江河湖海,山川群岛的名词前 the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French
9 用于表示发明物的单数名词前 The compass was invented in China.
10 在逢十的复数数词之前,指世纪的某个年代 in the 1990’s(二十世纪九十年代)
11 用于表示度量单位的名词前 I hired the car by the hour.
12 用于方位名词,身体部位名词 He patted me on the shoulder.
III. 不用冠词(又名零冠词)的用法
1 专有名词,物质名词,抽象名词,人名地名等名词前 Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air
2 名词前有this, my, whose, some, no, each, every等限制 I want this book, not that one. / Whose purse is this
3 季节,月份,星期,节假日,一日三餐前 March, Sunday, National Day, spring
4 表示职位,身份,头衔的名词前 Lincoln was made President of America.
5 表示球类,棋类等运动的名词前 He likes playing football/chess.
6 与by连用表示交通方式的名词前 We went right round to the west coast by ______ sea instead of driving across ______ continent. A. the; the B.不填;the C. the; 不填 D. 不填;不填
7 以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时 husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night
8 表示泛指的复数名词前 Horses are useful animals.
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知识强化
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一、单项选择
1. — How do you know Wu Dajing is a great athlete
— I once read ________ article and watched a wonderful game about him.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
2. —Have you heard of Zhang Guimei
— Yes. She is ________ unusual teacher. She set up the first free high school for girls in 2008.
A. / B. the C. an D. a
3. This is ________ tool I’ve told you. Isn’t it ________ useful one
A. a; the B. the; a C. the; an D. the; the
4. This is ________ key and that is ________ English book.
A. a; a B. the; an C. the; a D. a; an
5. Let’s ________ now.
A. to have dinner B. has dinner
C. have the dinner D. have dinner
6. —Did you take ________ lesson given by the three astronauts on December 9
—Yes, I did. What ________ useful lesson it was!
A. a; a B. a; an C. the; a D. an; an
7. My brother doesn’t like ________ color of the hat.
A. a B. / C. the D. this
8. If we don’t take action to protect (保护) ________ environment, it will be in ________ great danger.
A. a; / B. a; the C. the; / D. the; a
9. There is ________ “h”, ________ “o”, ________ “u” and ________ “r” in the word “hour”.
A. an; an; a; an B. a; an; a; a C. a; an; an; a D. an; an; an; an
10. I want to be ________ astronaut and walk in ________ space one day in the future.
A. an; the B. a; / C. the; the D. an; /
11. It’s important for us to go to ________ university.
A. an B. a C. the D. /
12. Eileen Gu, ________ 18-year-old girl, thinks ________ true meaning of beauty is strength, confidence and health.
A. a; an B. the; a C. an; / D. an; the
13. Yulin is in ________ southeast of Guangxi and it has ________ population of more than 5 million.
A. a; a B. the; a C. a; the D. the; the
14. Is Moscow ________ capital of Russia
A. a B. an C. / D. the
15. —Have you ever work as ________ volunteer
—Yes, I have. It was ________ unforgettable experience for me.
A. an; an B. a; a C. a; an D. an; a
16. Allen works in ________ university and he often takes ________ umbrella on rainy days.
A. a, a B. an, an C. a, an D. an, a
17. —The 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games attracted lots of people all over the world.
—Yes, it showed such ________ amazing country to the world.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
18. —Can you play ________ guitar
—No, I can’t. But I can play ________ tennis.
A. the; the B. the; a C. the; / D. a; the
19. David has ________ useful book. ________ book is also very interesting.
A. an; The B. a; The C. an; A D. a; A
20. Reading is ________ good habit for everybody.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
21. It’s ________ pity that he hurt his leg when he played ________ football yesterday.
A. /; an B. the; the C. an; a D. a; /
22. ________village which I was born in has grown into ________ town.
A. The; a B. A; the C. The; the D. A; a
23. —What ________ you do last Sunday
— We were on an ________ in the forest.
A. do; outing B. did; picnic C. did; outing D. do; picnic
24. Many Winter Olympic athletes said Beijing is great and well worth ________ visit they paid.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
25. —What did you have for ________ breakfast this morning
—I had ________ egg and some porridge.
A. /; an B. a; the C. the; an D. the; the
26. The movie is worth seeing ________ second time as it reminds me of ________ happy old days I spent in the country.
A. the; / B. a; the C. a;/ D. the; the
27. As the saying goes, “________ apple a day keeps the doctor away.”
A. A B. An C. The D. /
28. —Did you watch ________ TV series (电视剧) Glory of Special Forces (《特战荣耀》)
—Yes, it’s wonderful and ________ brave the soldiers are!
A. the; what a B. a; what C. a; how D. the; how
29. —Lucy, is your sister ________ university student
—Yes, she is. What about ________, Tom
—Oh, she is a nurse.
A. an; you B. a; yours C. an; yours D. a; you
30. We have _________ art festival at our school every year.
A. / B. the C. a D. an
31. ________ interesting robot! Its name is Max. I really want to have one like this.
A. What a B. What C. How D. What an
32. —Have you heard ________ TV report that Shenzhou-13 came back successfully
—Of course, I’m so proud of our country.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
33. —Excuse me. What’s this in English
—It’s ________ kite.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
34. Everyone should try their best to create ________ clean and peace world.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
35. Walking after meals is ________ good exercise.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
36. Cindy’s dream is to become ________ artist. She believes it can come true.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
37. ________ valuable gift it is! It reminds me of my childhood.
A. What B. What a C. What an D. How
38. The Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games was a big party for people around ________ world.
A. a B. 不填 C. the D. an
39. —What do you think of this sports meeting
—Very exciting. I don’t think there was ________ one in the history of our school.
A. better B. a better C. best D. the best
40. Su Bingtian, ________ fastest man in China, brought ________ unforgettable moment for the world in the summer of 2021.
A. the; the B. the; an C. a; the D. a; an
二、短文填空
1
阅读下面短文,根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个适当的词,要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
A teenage girl in Sichuan Province has carried her 76-year-old grandma on her back for three years for treatment in a clinic (诊所) 5 kilometers ___41___ from their home village.
Li Xiaoyan, 17, is a high school student in Yilong County. Her father had ___42___ (he) right leg amputated (截肢) in 1992 after he was injured. Her mother suffers from (患……病) epilepsy (癫痫).
Suffering from several ___43___ (disease), her grandmother Ma Deming is ___44___ poor health as well. The ___45___ (one) time she carried her grandma from their home in Taoya village to the clinic, Li had to take frequent (频繁的) rests because her grandma ___46___ /we d/ 55 kilograms and she was too young. It ___47___ (take) her more than one hour to reach the clinic. The doctor in the clinic was so amazed that he kept saying it was hard to ____48____ /b li v/ that a girl of her age could carry a grandma.
“As I am older, I take breaks less frequently ____49____ I carry my grandma. My grandma was very nice to me when I was a child. Now it is my ____50____ / dju ti/ to take care of her,” she said.
2
阅读下面短文,在空白处按要求填入适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。每空1词。
I’m a Middle School student. There is ____51____ (冠词) unforgettable day for me during COVID-19 epidemic (新冠疫情).
On that day, I took three online ____52____ (lesson) as usual in the morning. After that, I ____53____ (order) some vegetables for my neighbors. Helping others really made ____54____ (I) feel proud of myself!
After finishing my homework in the afternoon, I decided to cook ____55____ (介词) my parents. I had no such experience before, ____56____ (连词) I chose to make something easy—tomato and egg soup. It tasted not so ____57____ (good) as expected, but my parents still praised me for my first try and looked forward to the second. After supper, I called my grandma and ____58____ (tell) her to relax and wash hands often. During such a special period, it was very important to have a ____59____ (health) lifestyle. Everyone should face ____60____ (difficulty) bravely.
3
阅读下面短文,根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Last summer, I got the chance to spend a month helping out in a hospital in Africa. I had one year left at school, and I was ___61___ (interest) in studying medicine at university.
It was a month that changed my life. I was introduced to a ___62___ [w ld] that is very different from mine in so many ways. I was shocked at how poor so many ___63___ (family) over there are and how difficult their lives can be. But I was also surprised at how positively people spend their daily lives.
The way they come together and help each other is a real inspiration(鼓舞人心)and something I think a lot of us here in the UK have forgotten. I think many of us don’t realize ___64___ lucky we are. Every day, I spent a lot of time cleaning floors and changing bed sheets, and I also got to spend some time looking after the patients. ___65___ [ l ] my work in the hospital was rather hard, I was very glad that I could do something ___66___ (mean). And I got the chance to talk to some doctors and ask them about the job. I saw some truly awful things in the hospital, but ___67___ [n n] of them changed my mind about being a doctor. ___68___ fact, they only made me more determined(坚定的)to do medicine!
After the experience, I know ___69___ (exact) what I’m going to do: I want to work for ___70___ international organization like the Red Cross. I can’t wait to get started.
4
阅读下面短文,根据语境、音标或单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
The Forbidden City (紫禁城) in Beijing was once the imperial (皇帝的) palace of Ming and Qing dynasties’ rulers for 492 years. It was built ____71____ 1406 to 1420. It was the emperors’ home and the ____72____ ['sent ] of politics and important activities of the country.
It was called the Forbidden City ____73____ only Chinese emperors and their family could live there. People were not allowed to enter ____74____ [w ' a t] being invited. Today, the Forbidden City is a popular tourist spot.
The Forbidden City is the world’s ____75____ (large) imperial palace. The main ____76____ of the Forbidden City are yellow and red. They can be ____77____ (see) throughout the city. Red is regarded as good fortune and happiness in Chinese culture. Yellow was a ____78____ ['s mbl] of power and was the color of the emperor during the Ming and Qing dynasties. The emperor was ____79____ (most) dressed in yellow, especially during his younger years.
The Palace Museum in the Forbidden City is now one of the world’s biggest cultural _____80_____ (museum). It shows more than 90,000 items of historical treasures.14 million visitors visit it every year. It’s a must—see attraction for visitors to Beijing.
参考答案
一、
1. B
【解析】句意:——你怎么知道武大靖是个伟大的运动员?——我曾经读过一篇文章,并且看了一场关于他的精彩比赛。
考查冠词。根据“I once read …article and watched a wonderful game about him.”可知,此处表泛指,使用不定冠词,article以元音音素开头,使用an。故选B。
2. C
【解析】句意:——你听说过张桂梅吗?——是的。她是一位不同寻常的老师。 2008年,她创办了第一所女子免费高中。
考查冠词。此处泛指“一位不同寻常的老师”,unusual以元音音素开头,用不定冠词an。故选C。
3. B
【解析】句意:这就是我告诉你的工具。这不是一个有用的工具吗?
考查冠词。a/an不定冠词,表泛指,a用于以辅音音素开头的单词或字母前,an用于以元音音素开头的单词或字母前;the表特指。第一个空有 I’ve told you.修饰,表示特指,用定冠词the;第二个空后的one表示泛指,useful又是以辅音音素开头的单词,用不定冠词a。故选B。
4. D
【解析】句意:这是一把钥匙,那是一本英文书。
考查冠词语法。a用在辅音开头的单词前面;an用于以元音开头的单词前。the是定冠词,表示特指。两空都是表示泛指,key是以辅音音素开头的单词,用a修饰;English是以元音音素开头的单词,用an修饰。故选D。
5. D
【解析】句意:现在让我们开始吃晚饭。
考查祈使句及冠词用法。本句为祈使句,且固定短语let’s do sth.“让我们做某事”,可排除AB选项;又因三餐前不加the,故选D。
6. C
【解析】句意:——你上12月9日三位航天员的课了吗?——是的,我上了。这是多么有用的一课!
考查冠词的用法。根据“given by the three astronauts on December 9”可知此处特指三名宇航员上的课,用定冠词the;空二处泛指“一节有用的课”,useful以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a。故选C。
7. C
【解析】句意:我弟弟不喜欢帽子的颜色。
考查冠词。a一个,表泛指;/零冠词;the定冠词;this这个。根据“color of the hat”可知此处指这个帽子的颜色,表特指,用the修饰。故选C。
8. C
【解析】句意:如果我们不采取行动保护环境,它将处于极大的危险之中。
考查冠词辨析。根据“If we don’t take action to protect (保护) ... environment”可知,第一空特指保护环境,应用定冠词the;再根据“it will be in ... great danger”可知,be in great danger“处于极大的危险之中”,固定短语。故选C。
9. A
【解析】句意:在“hour”这个单词中有一个“h”,一个“o”,一个“u”和一个“r”。
考查冠词。an不定冠词,用在元音音素开始的单词前;a不定冠词,用在辅音音素开始的单词前。“h”的发音是[e t ],是元音音素开始的词,用不定冠词“an”。“o”的发音是[ ],是元音音素开始的词,用不定冠词“an”。“u”的发音是[ju ],是辅音音素开始的词,用不定冠词“a”。“r”的发音是[ɑ (r)],是元音音素开始的词,用不定冠词“an”。故选A。
10. D
【解析】句意:我想成为一名宇航员,在未来的某一天走进太空。
考查冠词用法。第一空是泛指一名宇航员,且astronaut是一个以元音音素开头的单词,用an修饰;space表示“太空”,是不可数名词,前面不用冠词,故选D。
11. D
【解析】句意:上大学对我们来说很重要。
考查冠词用法。go to university译为“上大学”;go to the university译为“去大学里”。根据句子语境可知此处表示上大学,因此用零冠词。故选D。
12. D
【解析】句意:18岁的谷爱凌认为,美丽的真正含义是力量、自信和健康。
考查冠词。空格一处泛指“一个十八岁的女孩”,且eighteen以元音音素开头,用不定冠词an;空格二处特指“美丽的真正含义”,用定冠词the。故选D。
13. B
【解析】句意:玉林位于广西东南部,人口超过500万。
考查冠词辨析。根据“Yulin is in ... southeast of Guangxi”可知,in the southeast of“在……的东南方”;再根据“it has ... population of more than 5 million”可知,has a population of“有多少人口”。故选B。
14. D
【解析】句意:莫斯科是俄罗斯的首都吗?
考查冠词的用法。A和B选项都是不定冠词;C选项是零冠词;D选项是定冠词。此处特指莫斯科是否是俄罗斯的首都,表示特指用定冠词the。故选D。
15. C
【解析】句意:——你曾经作为一个志愿者而工作过吗?——是的。这对我来说是一段难忘的经历。
考查不定冠词辨析。an用于元音音素前;a用于辅音音素前。“volunteer”开头是辅音音素,其前用“a”;“unforgettable”开头是元音音素,用“an”。故选C。
16. C
【解析】句意:艾伦在一所大学工作,他经常在雨天带伞。
考查冠词的用法。根据“in…university”以及“ takes…umbrella”可知,这两空都应该填不定冠词,表泛指。university以辅音音素开头,故第一空填a;umbrella以元音音素开头,故第二空填an。故选C。
17. B
【解析】句意:——2022年北京冬奥会吸引了世界各地的人们。——是的,它向世界展示了一个如此神奇的国家。
考查冠词,此处表示“一个神奇的国家”,“country”是可数名词单数,“amazing”以元音音素开头,其前用不定冠词an。故选B。
18. C
【解析】句意:——你会弹吉他吗?——不,我不会。但我会打网球。
考查冠词的用法。play the guitar“弹吉他”,乐器名词前要用定冠词the;play tennis“打网球”,球类名词前不用冠词。故选C。
19. B
【解析】句意:大卫有一本很有用的书。 这本书也很有趣。
考查冠词。第一空泛指“一本很有用的书”,useful以辅音音素开头,其前用不定冠词a;第二空特指前面提到的那本书,用定冠词The。故选B。
20. A
【解析】句意:读书对每个人来说都是一个好习惯。
考查冠词的用法。空处泛指“一个好习惯”,且“good”是以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a。故选A。
21. D
【解析】句意:很遗憾,他昨天踢足球时伤了腿。
考查冠词用法。/表示不填,零冠词;the这个/那个,定冠词,表特指,表示某个(些)人或者物;an /a一个,不定冠词,表泛指,表示一类人或物;a用于辅音音素开头的单词前面, an用于元音音素开头的单词前面;分析句子可知,第一空表泛指,应使用不定冠词,且pity是以辅音音素开头的单词,因此使用a修饰;第二空,球类前不用冠词。故选D。
22. A
【解析】句意:我出生的小村庄已经变成了一个城镇了。
考查冠词。the定冠词,表示特指;a不定冠词,表示泛指。前一句的“village”被定语从句“which I was born in”修饰限定,所以表示特指,用定冠词;后一句变成了一个城镇,是泛指,用不定冠词。故选A。
23. C
【解析】句意:——上周日你做了什么?——我们去森林郊游了。
考查一般过去时和冠词an的用法。根据“last Sunday”可知应用一般过去时,所以第一空应填助动词过去式;an不定冠词,后续元音音素开头的单词,outgoing“郊游”元音音素开头,故选C。
24. C
【解析】句意:许多冬奥会运动员说北京很棒,非常值得访问。
考查冠词的用法。根据“they paid.”可知空缺处表示特指,特指这次访问,应用定冠词the。故选C。
25. A
【解析】句意:——你今天早餐吃了什么?——我吃了一个鸡蛋和一些粥。
考查冠词的用法。第一处用在三餐前,不加冠词;第二处表示泛指,egg首字母发元音音素。故选A。
26. B
【解析】句意:这部电影值得再看一遍,它让我想起了我在乡下度过的快乐时光。
考查冠词的用法。根据“The movie is worth seeing…second time”可知,这里用“a+序数词”表示“又一,再一”。根据“…happy old days I spent in the country”可知,此处是特指在乡下度过的时光,故第二空用定冠词the。故选B。
27. B
【解析】句意:俗话说“一天一苹果,医生远离我”。
考查冠词。此处泛指“一个苹果”,apple以元音音素开头,用不定冠词an。故选B。
28. D
【解析】句意:——你有没有看过连续剧《特战荣耀》? ——看过,这部剧很精彩,战士们多么勇敢啊!
考查冠词和感叹句的用法。根据“Glory of Special Forces”可知,此处特指《特战荣耀》这部连续剧,表示特指用定冠词the;How开头的感叹句式为“How+形容词+主谓!”根据后半句“brave the soldiers are”可知,此处用How。故选D。
29. B
【解析】句意:——露西,你姐姐是大学生吗?——是的,她是。你的姐姐呢,汤姆?——哦,她是个护士。
考查冠词和代词。“university”以辅音音素开头,不定冠词用a,排除A和C;根据“Oh, she is a nurse.”可知,问的是汤姆的姐姐,空后没有名词,用名词性物主代词yours指your sister。故选B。
30. D
【解析】句意:我们学校每年都要举办艺术节。
考查冠词辨析。泛指一个艺术节,用不定冠词a/an,art是元音音素开头的单词,用不定冠词an。故选D。
31. D
【解析】句意:多么有趣的一个机器人啊!它叫Max。我真想要一个像这样的机器人。
考查感叹句。根据“...interesting robot!”可知,该感叹句的句式结构为“What+a/an+形容词+名词+(主谓)!”,interesting以元音音素开头,用an修饰。故选D。
32. C
【解析】句意:——你听说了神州13号成功返航的那则电视报道吗?——当然了,我为我们的祖国感到很骄傲。
考查冠词。a不定冠词,用于辅音音素开头的单词前;an不定冠词,用于元音音素开头的单词前;the定冠词;/零冠词。根据“TV report that Shenzhou-13 came back successfully”可知,此处特指关于神州13号成功返航的电视报道,应用定冠词the表特指。故选C。
33. A
【解析】句意:——打扰了。这个用英语怎么说?——它是一个风筝。
考查冠词。a一个,修饰辅音音素开头的可数名词单数,泛指;an一个,修饰元音音素开头的可数名词单数,泛指;the这(些),那(些),表示特指。kite是辅音音素开头的单词,可数名词,此处表示泛指,意为“一个风筝”,因此用不定冠词a修饰,故选A。
34. A
【解析】句意:每个人都应该尽力创造一个干净和平的世界。
考查不定冠词。a一,用于辅音音素开头的单词前,不定冠词;an一,用于元音音素开头的单词前,不定冠词;the表示特指,定冠词;/零冠词。world为单数名词,在此意为“一个干净和平的世界”,其前应用不定冠词限定,clean是以辅音音素开头的单词,因此用不定冠词a。故选A。
35. D
【解析】句意:饭后散步是很好的锻炼。
考查冠词。此处的exercise是不可数名词,所以前面不用冠词,故选D。
36. B
【解析】句意:辛迪的梦想是成为一名艺术家。她相信能实现这个梦想。
考查冠词辨析。空白出意为“一名艺术家”,表示泛指,且artist是以元音音素开头的,应使用“an”,故选B。
37. B
【解析】句意:这是多么珍贵的礼物啊!它使我想起了我的童年。
考查感叹句。中心词gift是可数名词的单数形式,用what引导的感叹句结构:what+a/an+形容词+单数名词+主谓。valuable是以辅音音素开头的,故选B。
38. C
【解析】句意:2022年北京冬奥会对全世界的人们来说是一场盛会。
考查冠词的用法。固定搭配around the world表示“全世界”。故选C。
39. B
【解析】句意:——你认为这次运动会怎么样?——非常令人兴奋。我认为在我们学校的历史上没有比这更好的了。
考查比较级。better更好的;a better一个更好的;best最好的;the best最好的。这里表示“没有更好的一次运动会了”,即这次是最好的,否定词+比较级等于最高级,用比较级better,且表示泛指,前面用不定冠词a。故选B。
40. B
【解析】句意:苏炳添,跑得最快的中国人,创造了历史,在2021年的夏天为世界带来了一个难忘的时刻。
考查冠词用法。第一空后是形容词最高级,应用定冠词the;第二空是表示泛指,且unforgettable首字母发元音音素,应用an修饰,故选B。
二、
1
41. away
42. his
43. diseases
44. in
45. first
46. weighed
47. took
48. believe
49. when
50. duty
【解析】本文主要讲述了17岁女孩儿李小燕背着奶奶看病的故事。
41. 句意:四川省一名十几岁的女孩背着76岁的奶奶在离家5公里的诊所接受了三年的治疗。距离+away from,表示“离……多远”。故填away。
42. 句意:她的父亲在1992年受伤后右腿截肢。空后“right leg”是名词,表示“他的右腿”,空处用形容词性物主代词。故填his。
43. 句意:她的祖母马德明身患多种疾病,健康状况也很差。disease“疾病”,此处是可数名词,表示“几种疾病”,用复数。故填diseases。
44. 句意:她的祖母马德明身患多种疾病,健康状况也很差。in good/poor health“健康状况好/差”。故填in。
45. 句意:第一次她把奶奶从桃雅村的家带到诊所时,李不得不经常休息。根据“The…time”可知,表示“第一次”,用序数词。故填first。
46. 句意:因为奶奶体重55公斤,而她太小了。根据音标可知,空处是weigh“重量为……”的过去式。故填weighed。
47. 句意:她花了一个多小时才到达诊所。take“花费”,作谓语,描述过去的事,时态是一般过去时,take用过去式。故填took。
48. 句意:诊所里的医生非常惊讶,他不停地说,很难相信像她这么大的女孩能背上奶奶。根据音标可知,空处是动词believe“相信”,不定式符号后用动词原形。故填believe。
49. 句意:随着年龄的增长,我背着奶奶的时候休息的次数减少了。空处缺少从句引导词,表示“当背着奶奶的时候”,用when引导时间状语从句。故填when。
50. 句意:现在我有责任照顾她。根据音标可知,空处是名词duty“责任”,作表语。故填duty。
2
51. an
52. lessons
53. ordered
54. me
55. for
56. so
57. good
58. told
59. healthy
60. difficulties
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。介绍作者在疫情期间难忘的一天。
51. 句意:在新冠肺炎疫情期间,我度过了难忘的一天。此处泛指一天,用不定冠词修饰,unforgettable首字母发元音音素,故填an。
52. 句意:那天,我像往常一样早上上了三节网课。此前有three修饰,使用名词复数形式,故填lessons。
53. 句意:在那之后,我为邻居们点了一些蔬菜。此处在句中作谓语,时态是一般过去时,动词用过去式,故填ordered。
54. 句意:帮助别人真的让我为自己感到骄傲!此处在动词后作宾语,用宾格形式,故填me。
55. 句意:下午完成作业后,我决定给父母做饭。cook for sb.“为某人做饭”,故填for。
56. 句意:我以前没有这样的经验,所以我选择做一些简单的东西——西红柿鸡蛋汤。前后两句构成因果关系,前因后果,用so连接,故填so。
57. 句意:它的味道没有预期的那么好,但我的父母仍然表扬我的第一次尝试,并期待着第二次。taste是系动词,其后加形容词最表语,此处是“not so+adj.原级+as”结构,故填good。
58. 句意:晚饭后,我打电话给我的奶奶,告诉她放松和经常洗手。此处在句中作谓语,时态是一般过去时,动词用过去式,故填told。
59. 句意:在这样一个特殊的时期,有一个健康的生活方式是非常重要的。此处在句中作定语修饰lifestyle,用形容词形式,故填healthy。
60. 句意:每个人都应该勇敢地面对困难。此处表示复数含义,使用名词复数形式,故填difficulties。
3
61. interested
62. world
63. families
64. how
65. Although
66. meaningful
67. none
68. In
69. exactly
70. an
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了自己在非洲工作的一个月所经历的事情,更加坚定了自己从医的决心。
61. 句意:我在学校还有一年的学习时间,而且我对在大学里学习医学很感兴趣。“对……感兴趣”对应英文是“be interested in sth”, 故填interested。
62. 句意:我被介绍到了一个和我之前在很多地方都不同的世界。根据音标应该是“世界”,对应英文是“world”,故填world。
63. 句意:那边有如此多的家庭非常贫穷,生活如此艰辛,这让我十分震惊。前面有“so many”进行修饰,表示“如此之多”,后面名词变复数,故填families。
64. 句意:我觉得我们很多人没有意识到我们是如此的幸运。用程度副词“how”表示“如此的”,故填how。
65. 句意:尽管我在医院的工作非常辛苦,但是我很开心因为能做一些有意义的事。根据音标应该是“although”,翻译成中文为“尽管”。首字母大写,故填Although。
66. 句意:尽管我在医院的工作非常辛苦,但是我很开心因为能做一些有意义的事。不定代词后面要用形容词做后置定语,故填meaningful。
67. 句意:我在医院里看到真实的令人厌恶的事情,但是没有什么可以改变我做医生的想法。根据音标应该是“none”,中文为“没有什么”,故填none。
68. 句意:事实上,它们只会让我更加坚定去学医,从事医学工作。短语“in fact”表示“事实上”,首字母大写,故填In。
69. 句意:实习经历结束后,我明确知道我要去做什么:我要为像红十字协会这样的国际组织效力。这里要用副词修饰动词“know”,“exact”精准的,是形容词,在后面加ly,变成副词,故填exactly。
70. 句意:实习经历结束后,我明确知道我要去做什么:我要为像红十字协会这样的国际组织效力。这里应该是泛指一个像“红十字会”这样的国际组织,用不冠词“a/an”,注意元音发音前用不定冠词“an”,故填an。
4
71. from
72. center##centre
73. because##since##for##as
74. without
75. largest
76. colors##colours
77. seen
78. symbol
79. mostly
80. museums
【解析】本文介绍了北京的紫禁城。
71. 句意:它建于1406年至1420年。from..to...表示“从……到……”,故填from。
72. 句意:它是皇帝的家,也是国家政治和重要活动的中心。根据音标['sent ] 可知,此处为center=centre“中心”,故填center/centre。
73. 句意:它被称为紫禁城,因为只有中国的皇帝和他们的家人可以住在那里。结合句意,前一句表示它被称为紫禁城,后一句表示只有中国皇帝和他们的家人可以住在那里,前后表示因果关系,因此用连词because=since=for=as“因为”,故填because/since/for/as。
74. 句意:没有得到邀请,人们是不允许进入的。根据音标[w ' a t]可知,此处为without“没有”,故填without。
75. 句意:紫禁城是世界上最大的皇城。large“大的”,根据“the world’s”可知,此处比较的范围是三者以上,因此用最高级,故填largest。
76. 句意:紫禁城主要的颜色是黄色和红色。根据“yellow and red”可知,此处指的是颜色,color=colour“颜色”,谓语are是复数形式,主语用复数名词,故填colors/colours。
77. 句意:在整个城市都可以看到它们。see“看见”,主语they与谓语see之间是被动关系,因此用被动语态,故填seen。
78. 句意:在明清时期,黄色是权力的象征,是皇帝的颜色。根据音标['s mbl]可知,此处为symbol“象征”,故填symbol。
79. 句意:皇帝大多穿着黄色的衣服,尤其是在他年轻的时候。most“大多数的”,是形容词,修饰动词dress,用副词,故填mostly。
80. 句意:故宫博物院现在是世界上最大的文化博物馆之一。museum“博物馆”,one of the+形容词的最高级+复数名词,表示“最……的……之一”,故填museums。1