牛津译林版（2019）必修第二册Unit 3 Festivals and customs 期末复习敲重点 学案（含答案）

Unit 3 Festivals and customs —2023-2024学年高一英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第二册期末复习敲重点
学习目标整合
知识目标 梳理、概括旅游日志的主要信息，正确地理解作者的观点,创造性地表达自已对中外文化的看法；理解并掌握过去将来时的用法。
能力目标 概括和整合文章内容；赏析语篇的文体特征；掌握过去将来时的规则。
情感目标 理解中外婚俗、中外传统节日的异同,汲取中外文化精华,坚定文化自信,积极传播中华优秀文化；掌握过去将来时的意义和用法，并能运用过去将来时完成写作。
思维导图回顾知识
重难知识易混易错
1. 过去将来时
（1）过去将来时的用法
过去将来时表示从过去某时看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
I thought he wouldn't attend the evening party, but to my surprise, he came.
我原以为他不会参加这个晚会，但是令我惊讶的是，他来了。
I told her I should/would return the book in a few days.
我告诉过她，我将在几天后还书。
2. 过去将来时的表示方法
①would/should+动词原形，would用于所有人称，should只用于第一人称。
She told us that she would not go with us, if it rained.
她告诉我们，如果下雨的话她就不和我们一起去了。
I telephoned him yesterday to ask what I should do next week.
我昨天给他打电话问我下周做什么。
注意：
“would+动词原形”也可表示过去经常性、习惯性的动作。
When I was small, my mum would read me stories at night.
在我小的时候，妈妈常在晚上给我讲故事。
②was/were going to do表示过去打算/计划做某事或客观迹象表明要发生的事。
I was going to see Mr Brown the next day, but the appointment was cancelled.
我本打算第二天去看布朗先生的，但预约被取消了。
I thought it was going to rain. 我想是要下雨了。
③was/were about to do表示过去正要/即将做某事，一般不与时间状语连用。
When I got there they were about to leave.
我到那里的时候他们正要离开。
注意：
“sb. be about to do… when…”句型表示“某人正要做某事，这时（突然）……”。
I was about to leave when someone knocked at the door.
我正要离开，突然有人敲门。
④was/were to do表示过去计划或安排将要做某事。
He said he was to finish the work in a week.
他说他打算一星期后完成这项工作。
⑤当was/were + doing用于过去将来时时，仅限于go，come，leave，start，take off 等趋向性（短语）动词。
I didn't know they were coming.
我并不知道他们要来。
David was leaving for Shanghai in a few days.
戴维几天以后要去上海。
3. 否定词+比较级
（1）“否定词+比较级”结构表示最高级意义,通常译为“没有比……更……的,没有像……一样……的”。常用的否定词有no, not, never, nothing, nobody, hardly等。
（2）表示最高级意义的常用比较级结构还有:
【例题】
一、
Sweetest Day is celebrated on the third Saturday in October as a day to make someone happy. It is an occasion which offers all of us an opportunity to remember not only the sick, the aged, and children who have lost their parents, but also friends, workmates, relatives and neighbors whose helpfulness and kindness we have enjoyed.
Over 60 years ago, when a Cleveland man noticed that some people, such as children who lost their parents and patients who lay in bed, too often felt forgotten and neglected, he developed in his mind the idea of showing them that they were remembered. He did this by giving them small gifts. With the help of his friends and neighbors, he gave those people small gifts on a Saturday in October. During the years that followed, other Clevelanders began to take part in the celebration, which came to be called "Sweetest Day". Over time, the Sweetest Day's idea of spreading cheer to the poor, the sick and children who had lost their parents was broadened(扩大) to include everyone, and the day became an occasion for remembering others with a kind act or a small gift. Soon the idea spread to other cities all over the USA.
Sweetest Day is not based on any single group's religious beliefs or on a family relationship. It is a reminder that a thoughtful word or deed enriches life and gives it meaning. Because of many people remembering to take the form of gift giving, Sweetest Day offers us the opportunity to show others that we care, in a positive way.
1.What can we learn about Sweetest Day from the first paragraph
A. It's a day to bring happiness to others.
B. It's an occasion for lovers to express love.
C. It's celebrated on the third Sunday in October.
D. It's just an occasion for caring about disabled people.
2.Which of the following has little relationship to Sweetest Day
A. Giving friends small gifts.
B. Giving flowers to sweethearts.
C. Visiting sick people in the hospital.
D. Visiting children who have lost their parents.
3.What does the underlined word "neglected" in the second paragraph mean
A. Hated. B. Remembered.
C. Disappointed. D. Paid little or no attention to.
4.What do most people usually do to show their care to others according to the passage
A. Give them gifts. B. Offer help directly.
C. Give them some money. D. Send them their greetings.
二、
If you're from the northern hemisphere(北半球), you'll find Christmas to be rather different in New Zealand. ①_____ December is in the middle of summer in New Zealand. Many visitors from the US or Europe can't quite get used to having a barbecue on the beach as Christmas dinner. However, Christmas marks the beginning of the summer holidays for most New Zealanders.
②_____ One of the best-known Christmas events is the Farmers Santa Parade in Auckland, which has been a feature(特点) of the Auckland Christmas since 1934. It attracts thousands of visitors every year and is a great event for children.
New Zealanders continue the British tradition of having a family dinner during the middle of the day on Christmas Day. It usually begins on Christmas morning by exchanging presents which will be left under the Christmas tree in the home. ③_____ Often it is a barbecue in the garden. However, the traditional Christmas food, such as turkey, ham and roast potatoes, is still very popular, along with salad and glasses of wine.
It may seem a bit strange to hear songs, such as White Christmas or Deck the Halls, in the middle of summer! Nevertheless, Christmas carols(颂歌) are popular. ④_____
New Zealand is an extremely(极端地) diverse(多样的) society. People from many cultures do not recognize Christmas in the same way as the early European settlers. ⑤_____ It's a time to get together with the family and enjoy the great New Zealand summer outdoors.
A. They all stop on Christmas Day.
B. The most obvious difference is the weather.
C. Most New Zealanders do not go to church regularly.
D. However, Christmas is a special time for all New Zealanders.
E. Many towns and cities in New Zealand hold Christmas celebrations.
F. The Christmas meal itself is increasingly becoming a relaxing affair.
G. People will hear them played or sung in shopping malls during the holiday season.
三、
For many people, barbecues are a chance to enjoy a meal with family and friends. 1 , for Stan Hays, barbecuing is a 2 that puts him to the test at weekend competitions.
When disaster strikes, Hays uses his skills to 3 people in need. Since 2011, his non-profit organization, Operation BBQ Relief, has prepared more than 1.75 million meals for 4 . The unique effort 5 in May 2011, when a terrible tornado hit Joplin, Missouri, about two-and-a-half hours' drive from Hays' home. His wife urged him to 6 . So, he put over the 7 to his barbecue buddies(伙伴). "We 8 we'd be there for three to four days, serving maybe 5,000 meals," Hays said. "But the 9 was there."
Hays believes that the food they prepare keeps disaster survivors 10 both physically and mentally. "We are giving them not only something nutritious, but a state of being 11 ."
"For me, the 12 thing is people coming together. Seeing the people working and 13 the effect the meals are producing may bring a smile to your face, or a 14 to your eye. At the end of the day, you'll find you've done something that has made a 15 ," said Hays.
1.A. Therefore B. However C. Otherwise D. Moreover
2.A. passion B. habit C. fashion D. duty
3.A. save B. persuade C. feed D. teach
4.A. volunteers B. friends C. survivors D. neighbors
5.A. disappeared B. stopped C. failed D. began
6.A. change B. improve C. imagine D. help
7.A. goal B. word C. comment D. advertisement
8.A. suggested B. realized C. wished D. thought
9.A. supply B. question C. need D. order
10.A. patient B. quiet C. well D. proud
11.A. normal B. silent C. humorous D. satisfied
12.A. difficult B. greatest C. strangest D. lucky
13.A. ignoring B. measuring C. knowing D. predicting
14.A. tear B. burn C. pain D. light
15.A. promise B. rule C. decision D. difference
核心素养对接高考
【2023年山西模拟】
Our culture is the system we use to build our identity. All living things are part of a culture. Even animals have a culture! So what is culture It's the way we behave in a group. It begins with each individual family. Within our families we do things to build relationships with each other. This can include routines like daily housework and weekly shopping. It also includes traditions. Traditions are activities that are repeated on a regular basis.
Culture is not limited to individual family groups. The real strength of culture is in larger community groups. These larger groups are called societies. Every society makes rules for itself. It decides how people should act in different situations. Some of these rules are written down. Some are just things that are naturally expected of all members of that society.
Often, cultures can be recognized by what the people believe. Cultures are also known by what they choose to include in their art. Sometimes cultures may be formed by people who speak the same language. Cultures may also be known for their customs, including the foods they make and the things they do.
Our cultures help us understand who we are and what we believe. There are very strong feelings connecting us to our own society. Two different cultures may disagree on something, especially if they both feel strongly about it. When that happens, war is a common result.
People are learning better ways to communicate with each other. The more we communicate, the more we appreciate the differences in cultures.
1.Where does the real strength of culture
A. In arts. B. In families. C. In societies. D. In languages.
2.Which of the following may the author disagree with according to the passage
A. Culture is the way we behave.
B. Culture doesn't exist in animals.
C. Cultures may not agree with each other.
D. Cultures help us understand ourselves.
3.How can people appreciate cultural differences
A. By communicating. B. By preparing to fight.
C. By building a wall. D. By making friends.
4.What is the best title for the passage
A. What Is Culture B. What Is Society C. What Is Tradition D. What Is System
【2023年陕西模拟】
The slightest wrong choice of words can change someone's mindset. Words are the most powerful weapon one can ever have, whether it comes to writing or speaking. You don't know which word will hurt someone and negatively impact their mind. ①______ Words that seem like a joke can seem deadly to others' minds and life. A person should have control over his tongue. ②______ Spoken words can't be taken back, so one should use them wisely. Speech should always be constructive, not destructive. Grasping the points below will surely help you in improving your vocal quality.
Stay silent when you are angry. Never speak when you are in a bad mood because at that moment, your mind is going through bad thoughts. If those bad thoughts get mixed with your words, it can spoil others' mood. ③______ That's why you should always be silent when you are angry. Whenever you are mad at something, first try to calm yourself.
④______ A wise person always thinks twice before speaking. He frames a sentence wisely according to the situation so that no one feels hurtful. Your words should be clear enough to describe the situation. Even the greatest lecture r prepares a few terms before addressing a vast crowd. A good lecturer has the power to convince anyone through their wordplay.
Never judge a person until or unless he speaks. Don't pre-judge someone before you have a conversation with that person. Let him utter a word before you get to the conclusion of framing his image in your mind. ⑤______
A. Avoid speaking too fast.
B. Think well before you speak.
C. Some words could be poisonous to others.
D. It would be best if you were very careful while using words.
E. He should be well aware of what he is about to speak.
F. How a person thinks can be determined by how he uses words in any situation.
G. Appreciate his thought process and, if necessary, try to correct him most politely rather than criticizing him.
【2023年广东模拟】
On a long trip to Brisbane, we stopped into a service station in Kilcoy for a bathroom break and some fuel. We went into the shop to the bathroom first and then the 1 to pay.
My son was a little eccentric(搞怪的) and life-loving, so as he usually did, he was dancing as he walked, twiring(扭动) his hips and 2 to his own moves. Since I was totally 3 to his moves, it didn’t 4 my mind at all until the young gentleman working behind the counter 5 on his “brilliant dance routine”.
He told my son that he loved his moves and it was a 6 to see him come into his shop. My boy felt so 7 with himself that he continued to dance around gently as I paid and 8 the gentleman for his kind remarks, As we went to leave, the gentleman gave my boy a lollipop(棒棒糖) as a 9 . I was absolutely blown away by his kindness. It might be 10 , but to us it wasn’t.
Not many people 11 the time out of their days to talk to children. However, the young gentleman was more than 12 and happy to have a chat. My son felt important and 13 loved his treat. I also personally really appreciated his kind 14 . As a parent on a long drive with small kids, it is these small acts that will 15 or break our day.
1.A. company B. counter C. apartment D. hall
2.A. tending B. pointing C. singing D. adapting
3.A. used B. addicted C. devoted D. opposed
4.A. clear B. change C. read D. cross
5.A. expanded B. concentrated C. commented D. insisted
6.A. mistake B. delight C. pity D. comfort
7.A. frustrated B. pleased C. annoyed D. tired
8.A. thanked B. accepted C. invited D. assisted
9.A. prize B. treasure C. treat D. pleasure
10.A. tough B. significant C. typical D. small
11.A. take B. draw C. waste D. use
12.A. outgoing B. willing C. optimistic D. energetic
13.A. hopefully B. slightly C. curiously D. obviously
14.A. gesture B. attitude C. thought D. determination
15.A. help B. build C. make D. ruin
答案以及解析
【例题】
一、
1.答案：A
解析：考查细节理解。根据第一段内容,尤其是"Sweetest Day is celebrated on the third Saturday in October as a day to make someone happy"可知,美国的甜蜜日就是为了给他人带去快乐。
2.答案：B
解析：考查细节理解。根据第一段内容及第二段中的"He did this by giving them small gifts"可知,A、B、C三项都是甜蜜日的活动,只有B项没有涉及。
3.答案：D
解析：考查词义猜测。结合画线词前面的forgotten 以及下文内容可以猜测出neglect意为"忽视,忽略"。故选D。
4.答案：A
解析：考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"many people remembering to take the form of gift giving"可知,大多数人通过送礼物的方式来表达自己对他人的关心。
二、
答案：BEFGD
解析：①空前一句内容中的“rather different”对应B项中的“difference”,空后一句内容中的“summer”对应B项中的“weather”,所以B项切题。故选B。
②上一段最后一句内容对应E项中的“New Zealand”和“Christmas celebrations”,空后一句内容中的“the Farmers Santa Parade in Auckland”对应E项中的“Christmas celebrations”和“Many towns and cities”。所以E项切题,故选E。
③本段第一句内容中的“a family dinner”对应F项中的“The Christmas meal”,空后一句内容中的“a barbecue in the garden”对应F项中的“a relaxing affair”。所以F项切题,故选F。
④空前两句内容是在讲圣诞颂歌,对应G项中的“hear them played or sung”。所以G项切题,故选G。
⑤空前一句内容与D项中说圣诞节对所有新西兰人来说都是一个特殊的日子形成转折关系。空后一句内容说明了圣诞节对所有新西兰人的重要性。所以D项切题,故选D。
三、
1.答案：B
解析：空前提到烧烤对于很多人来说是与家人和朋友共享一餐的机会,空后则讲烧烤对Hays来说是一种爱好,故可推知这里要表达语意上的转折,故选B项。
2.答案：A
解析：对于Stan Hays来说,烧烤是他能在周末的比赛中经受考验的一种爱好。passion意为"热衷的爱好"。故选A项。
3.答案：C
解析：根据"barbecuing"和"people in need"可知,此处表示Hays用他的(烧烤)技能为有需要的人提供食物,feed"为……提供食物"符合文意。故选C项。
4.答案：C
解析：由上文中的"disaster"可推知,自2011年以来,他的非营利组织已经为幸存者们准备了超过175万顿饭了。下文中的"disaster survivors"也是提示。故选C项。
5.答案：D
解析：联系上下文可知,这一不同寻常的行动开始于2011年5月。故选D项。
6.答案：D
解析：从下文中的"serving maybe 5,000 meals"可以推断,这里指的是妻子敦促Hays去帮忙。故D项符合文意。
7.答案：B
解析：联系上下文可知,这里要表达的是Hays将妻子劝他帮忙的话传达给了他的伙伴们,号召他们行动起来。故B项符合文意。
8.答案：D
解析：根据下文中的"But"可知,此处表示Hays和伙伴们本以为他们就在那里待三到四天,而实际上并非如此。故D项符合文意。
9.答案：C
解析：联系上下文可知,此处表示语意上的转折,即灾难幸存者对食物的需求很大,故C项"need"符合文意。
10.答案：C
解析：联系语境可知,Hays相信他们提供的食物让灾难幸存者们身心都有了好的状态。well在此表示"状态良好,情况良好"。故选C项。
11.答案：A
解析：结合语境和常识可知,Hays和伙伴们给灾难幸存者们提供了有营养的食物,让幸存者们觉得生活在正常运行。故normal"正常的"符合文意。故选A项。
12.答案：B
解析：此处表示对Hays来说,最重要的事是人们团结在一起。空后讲述了行善对于Hays的意义,显然用greatest 比较符合文意。故选B项。
13.答案：C
解析：此处指看着人们工作且明白提供食物的意义可能给你的脸上带来微笑或让你感动落泪。故C项符合文意。
14.答案：A
解析：这里与空前的"bring a smile to your face"一样,都指为目睹的场景而感动的反应。由or可知,空处与smile 对应,故选A。
15.答案：D
解析：make a difference意为"有影响,有作用",符合文意。故选D项。
【2023年山西模拟】
1.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“The real strength of culture is in larger community groups. These larger groups are called societies.(文化的真正力量在于更大的社区群体。这些较大的群体被称为社会)”可知，文化的真正力量在社会。故选C。
2.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“All living things are part of a culture. Even animals have a culture!( 所有的生物都是文化的一部分。即使是动物也有自己的文化！)”可知，B选项“文化在动物中不存在”的观点作者不会同意。故选B。
3.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The more we communicate, the more we appreciate the differences in cultures.(我们交流得越多，就越能理解文化的差异)”可知，人们通过交流欣赏文化差异。故选A。
4.答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段中So what is culture It's the way we behave in a group. It begins with each individual family. Within our families we do things to build relationships with each other. This can include routines like daily housework and weekly shopping. It also includes traditions.“(那么什么是文化呢？这是我们在群体中的行为方式。它始于每个家庭。在我们的家庭中，我们做一些事情来建立彼此之间的关系。这包括日常家务和每周购物。它也包括传统。传统是定期重复的活动)”结合文章主要围绕着“文化是什么”而展开，论述了存在文化的群体以及文化的作用。可知，A选项“文化是什么”最符合文章标题。故选A。
【2023年陕西模拟】
答案：①-⑤DECBF
解析：①推理判断题。根据上文"The slightest wrong choice of words can change someone's mindset. Words are the most powerful weapon one can ever have，whether it comes to writing or speaking. You don't know which word will hurt someone and negatively impact their mind. （最轻微的措辞错误都会改变一个人的心态。文字是一个人所能拥有的最强大的武器，无论是写作还是口语。你不知道哪个词会伤害别人并对他们的思想产生负面影响。）"可知，这里说明使用词语时应该谨慎。选项D"如果你用词时非常小心，那就最好了。"和上文意思一致。故选D。
②推理判断题。根据上文"A person should have control over his tongue. （一个人应该控制自己的舌头。）"可知，这里建议说话前要想好要说什么。选项E"他应该清楚自己要说什么。"和上文意思一致。故选E。
③推理判断题。根据下文"That's why you should always be silent when you are angry. Whenever you are mad at something，first try to calm yourself. （这就是为什么当你生气的时候你应该一直保持沉默。每当你对某事感到愤怒时，首先试着让自己平静下来。）"可知，生气时可能会说出伤害别人的话。选项C"有些话可能对其他人有害。"和下文意思一致。故选C。
④主旨大意题。根据下文"A wise person always thinks twice before speaking. （聪明人说话总是三思而后行。）"可知，这一段建议人们说话前要先想清楚。选项B"说话前要想清楚。"和下文意思一致。故选B。
⑤推理判断题。根据上文"Never judge a person until or unless he speaks. Don't pre-judge someone before you have a conversation with that person. Let him utter a word before you get to the conclusion of framing his image in your mind. （除非一个人说话，否则永远不要评判他。在与某人交谈之前，不要预先判断他。让他说一句话，然后你才能得出在脑海中塑造他的形象的结论。）"可知，这一段建议人们在别人说话之前不要预先做出评判，因为你不知道他会说什么。选项F"一个人的思维方式可以由他在任何情况下如何使用词语来决定。"和上文意思一致。故选F。
【2023年广东模拟】
1.答案：B
解析：根据上文介绍，作者一家去服务站上洗手间以及加油。支付费用应该去了柜台。counter 意为“柜台”, 符合语境，与后文behind the counter 对应。
2.答案：C
解析：根据上文中“he was dancing as he walked, twirling (扭动)his hips”可知, 作者儿子当时应该是一边迈着舞步，一边随着舞步哼唱。singing to 意为“随着……歌唱”, 符合语境。跟dance to the music 和着音乐跳舞类似，都是固搭； tending to 意为“照料;倾向于”，pointing to意为“指向……”adapting to 意为“适应”。
3.答案：A
解析：根据上文“so as he usually did, he was dancing as he walked”可知,作者已完全习惯了儿子手舞足蹈歌唱的模样。be used to 意为“习惯了……”，符合语境。be addicted to 意为“对……上瘾的”, be devoted to 意为“献身……”. , be opposed to 意为“反对……”。
4.答案：D
解析：根据前文“Since I was totally used to his moves”,作者压根没想过儿子的舞步有多么好。cross one’s mind 意为“脑海中闪过……念头”, 符合语境。clear one’s mind 意为“使头脑清醒”, change one’s mind 意为“改变主意”, read one’s mind 意为.“理解某人的想法”。
5.答案：C
解析：根据下文的“He told my son that he loved his moves and it was delightful to see him come into his shop”。一位小伙子对作者儿子的舞姿做出了评价。commented on 意为“对……做评价”, 符合语境。expanded on 意为“对……详述”，concentrated on 意为“专注……” , insisted on 意为“对……坚持”。
6.答案：B
解析：根据上文“He told my son that he loved his moves”可知,小伙子对作者儿子的舞蹈动作非常喜欢,见到他很高兴。delight 意为“乐趣;乐事”,符合语境。mistake 意为“错误”, pity 意为“遗憾”, comfort 意为“安慰”。
7.答案：B
解析：根据上下文可知, 作者儿子听了小伙子的赞美后, 对自己非常满意,并继续跳着舞。be pleased with 意为“对……满意”, 符合语境。frustrated 意为“感到沮丧.的”, annoyed 意为“恼火的”. tired 意为“感到精疲力尽的”。
8.答案：A
解析：根据上文可知，作者一边付钱一边感谢小伙子所说的话。thanked 意为“感谢某人”,符合语境。accepted 意为“接受”,invited 意为“邀请”,assisted 意为“协助;辅助”。
9.答案：C
解析：根据下文可知,小伙子请作者儿子吃了个棒棒糖。treat 意为“请客,做东”，符合语境。prize 意为“奖品”,treasure 意为“珍宝”,pleasure 意为“乐趣;乐事”。
10.答案：D
解析：根据下文可知,小伙子的善良也许并不是惊天动地的,但在我们看来确是极有分量的。small 意为“小的”,符合语境。tough 意为“困难的”，significant 意为“意义重大的”,typical意为“典型的”。
11.答案：A
解析：根据上下文可知，作者认为不少人不愿意花时间跟小孩子讲话。take the time 意为“花费时间”,符合语境。draw 意为“画画;抽出;取出(存款)等”,waste 意为“浪费”,use 意为“使用”。
12.答案：B
解析：根据上文可知,不少人不愿意花时间跟小孩子讲话，而这位年轻小伙愿意和孩子聊天。willing 意为“愿意的”,符合语境。outgoing 意为“外向的”, optimistic 意为“乐观的”,energetic意为“精力充沛的”。
13.答案：D
解析：根据上文“My son felt important,孩子很显然对这位年轻小伙请客很受用，很喜欢。obviously 意为“显而易见地”，符合语境。hopefully 意为“有希望地”，slightly 意为“稍微;有一点”,curiously 意为“好奇地”。
14.答案：A
解析：根据上文可知,作者对这位年轻小伙善意的举动很感激。kind gesture 意为“善意的举动”,符合语境。attitude 意为“态度”, thought 意为“想法”, determination 意为“决心”。
15.答案：C
解析：根据全文及文章最后一句可知,对一位带着孩子进行长途旅行的家长来说,小小的行为既可以让一天过得愉快,也可以让这一天过得糟糕。make one’s day 意为“使……过得开心”,符合语境。help 意为“帮助”, build 意为“建设” ,ruin 意为“毁坏”。
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