人教版B8 Unit 1 A land of diversity单元导学案

Senior English Teaching & Learning Plans
English Teaching & learning Plan of Senior Middle School
Topic（课 题） Book8 Unit 1 A land of diversity Teaching time（授课时间）
Designer（设 计） Checker（修订） Teacher (授课教师)
Period 1　Warming up and Reading
Class（授课班级） Class:_____ Teaching time（授课时间）
Teaching aims（教学目的） Knowledge aims:1．Get students to learn the useful words and expressions in this unit.strait, means, slavery, Spain, majority, Catholic, Mexico, immigration, percentage, Denmark, Danish, aircraft, Korea, Korean, Pakistan, Pakistani, mix, mixture, nationality, racial, the Bering, by means of, the Pacific Islands, make a life
2. Let students learn about the history and geography of USA;nationality and people; customs and culture. Ability aims:1．Let students read the passage Marty's Story to develop their reading ability.2．Enable students to know that people with disabilities can also live well.Emotional aims：1. Help the Ss know about the history and geography of USA; nationality and people; customs and culture. 2. Develop students’ sense of cooperative learning.
Teaching emphasis（教学重点） 1. Develop students’ different reading abilities.2. Enable students to talk about the history and geography of USA;nationality and people; customs and culture.
Teaching difficulties（教学难点） 1. Let students learn more about the history and geography of USA;nationality and people; customs and culture. 2. Get students to learn different reading skills,especially the reading ability of understanding implied meaning of the author.
Teaching &learning procedures (教学与学习过程)
Learning Plan（学案） Teaching Plan （导案）
Step1. Preparing lessons &self-study and exploring the problems (预习自学，探究问题)Task1. Fill in the blankets according to the map.1.Ocean on the east coast _________________ 2.Ocean on the west cost __________________ 3.Country to the north of USA __________________ 4.Country to the south of USA ________________ 5.Mountains range in the west ______________________ (answers:1. Atlantic Ocean;2. Pacific Ocean;3. Canada;4. Mexico;5. Rocky Mountains) Get the Ss to look through Warming-up and Pre-reading to do some exercises. （The aim is to direct the students to understand the topic and to gain the useful information about the USA .）
Step2.Finishing plan & asking questions（完成学案，提出问题）Taks2. Read the short passages at Page 1-3 and choose one from A,B,C and D for each exercise in the following.1. The main idea of this passage is _________.A. the life of Californians B. the population of CaliforniaC. the land of California D.the history of California2.How did the first settlers come to California ___________A. They flied to California over the Pacific OceanB.They sailed southward through the Indian OceanC.They got to America crossing the Bering Strait in the Arctic by means of a land bridgeD. They sailed to the west in the Spanish ships3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage __________A. Most people did not become rich but settled in CaliforniaB. Most people died in the gold rushC. The first to arrive in California for gold were AsiansD. All the people became rich in the gold rush4.Where do Chinese-Americans live ___________A. They live in all parts of California B. They only live in the Chinatowns of Los AngelesC. They only live in San Francisco D. They live in California as well as in Los Angeles5.What about the future of California _________A. The racial culture will go on B. Its climate and lifestyle will change a lot C. More and more people will come to California only for gold D. More travelers will be attracted to California for the climate and the lifestyle(Answers:1-5. DCAAD) Step1.Check the answers and review something in Warming up.Get the students to scan the passage----CALIFORNIA in groups and do the comprehensive exercises.(The aim of this part is mainly to improve the students’ reading skills.)
Step3.Researching cooperatively& answering questions(合作探究, 解决问题)Task3.Skimming: answer the following questions:Who were the first to arrive in California to rush for gold When and why did the large number of Chinese immigrate to California What attracted people from different parts of the world to immigrate to California Suggested answers:1.South Americans and people from the United States.2.During the gold rush period, many Chinese immigrated to California to achieve their dream of becoming rich, and in the 1860s, a large number of Chinese went there to build the railway from the west to east coast.3.The temperate climate, the modern lifestyle and its diverse cultures attracted immigrates to California. Step2.Ask the students to read the passage again and finish Task3 in groups.(The purpose is to improve the students’ ability of looking for useful information.)
Step4.Summing &chewing, summarizing knowledge（总结反刍 ，知识梳理）Task4. Get the students to find the following sentences in the passage and learn the usages of them.1．However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.然而，美洲土著人很可能在15 000年前就在加州生活着。本句式中 it为形式主语，真正的主语为 that从句。
It is likely that... ……是可能的。此句型可转化为：Sb./Sth. be likely to do... 某人/物可能干某事。
（2010陕西）Studies show that people are more to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours. (A)A. likely B. possible C. probable D. sure 2．Two centuries later, the Spanish had settled in most parts of South America and along the northwest coast of what we now call the United States.二百年后，西班牙人定居在南美洲大多数地区以及现在美国的西北沿海。3．That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.这就是今天有超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。4．Although Chinese immigrants began to arrive during the Gold Rush Period, it was the building of the rail network from the west to the east coast that brought even larger numbers to California in the 1860s.
虽然中国移民在淘金热时期就开始到来了，但是更大批量的移民却是在19世纪60年代为了修建贯穿美国东西海岸的铁路而来的。5．It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.
人们相信过不了多久国籍间相混的程度将如此大以至于不再有明显的种族或文化团体，而仅仅是一个种族和文化的混合体。本句用的句型是 It is believed that－clause。it 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的 that－clause。
类似的结构还有：It be said/known/agreed/thought/supposed/reported＋that－clause.
此句型可转化成：
(1)People say/know/agree/think/suppose/report＋that－clause.
(2)Sb./Sth. be said/known/agreed/thought/supposed/reported＋to do.The lake by the village is believed ______ a number of victims in the past 3 years.
A．to claim B．to have claimed
C．claiming D．being claiming【答案】B【解析】句意为“人们相信村子旁边的湖泊在过去的三年里已要了许多人的命”。在这种形式中，believe 后面不能跟 v．－ing形式；由 in the past 3 years 可知，事情是已发生的，因此，需用不定式的完成式与之相对应。 Get the Ss to find ,analyze and learn the long-complex sentences .
Step5.Testing in class & improving skills（随堂检测，落实考点）Task5. Ask the Ss to finish the comprehensive exercises (1-3) in the book Answer key for exercise 1 on page 3:Ex1. 15,000 years ago: First settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America. These people are now known as Native Americans.16th century: Spanish soldiers arrived in South America.1821: California became part of Mexico.1846: The US declared war on Mexico.1848: Gold was discovered in California.1850: California became the 31 st state of the US.Ex 2. Spanish: in the early 16th centuryRussians: early 1800sAfricans: 1800sChinese: late 1840s/early 1850sHalians: in the late 19th centuryDanish: 1911Jewish: 1920sJapanese: beginning of the 20th centuryKoreans: from about the 1970sCambodians: from about the 1970sVietnamese: in more recent decadesPakistanis: from about the 1970sEx 3 :The state of California is a multicultural community because European, African and Asian peoples have been moving into the state for the last 200 years. It is this mix of peoples with their own customs, culture and food that have given California its multicultural flavour. Problems that might arise include intercultural rivalry or competition, discrimination or misunderstanding. It is to the credit of Californians that such problems do not arise very often.
Step6. Assessment & Homework（课堂评价，布置学案）Task1.Ask the students to finish Exs 1-3 at Page 3.Task2. Get the students to underline all the new words and phrases in the passage.
Reflection after teaching（教后反思）
Period 2　 Learning about Important language points
Class（授课班级） Class:_____ Teaching time（授课时间）
Teaching aims（教学目的） Let students learn the usage of the following words and expressions:live on, by means of, majority, make a life , elect , percentage , keep up ,etc.
Teaching emphasis（教学重点） Enable students to grasp the usages of such important new words and expressions
Teaching difficulties（教学难点） Get students to understand some differences of some similar words and phrases .
Teaching &learning procedures (教学与学习过程)
Learning Plan（学案） Teaching Plan （导案）
Step1. Preparing lessons &self-study and exploring the problems (预习自学，探究问题) Finish the tasks in the first period in time.
Step2.Finishing plan & asking questions（完成学案，提出问题）Report the answers to the class and the teacher.Listen to the tape of the text and underline the new words in the text;Learn the new words and phrases after the teacher . Ask for help if necessary. Step1. Check the answers of the tasks in Period1;Step2. Play the tape of the text and explain some new words to the Ss.
1.It also has the distinction of being the most multicultural state in the USA....(P2) 加州与众不同之处在于它也是美国最具多元文化的一个州…… 【词语归纳】 distinction差别，区分 distinct清楚的;明显的 distinctly清楚地;明显地 make a distinction between A and B 把A与B区别开 have the distinction of 有……特点;不同凡响 【即学即练】 根据汉语提示完成句子。 (1)她不同凡响,成为第一个游过英吉利海峡的女性。 ____________________________________________ (2)There was a _____________(明显的局促不安的感觉)in the air. (3)Then scientists _____________.(把科学和艺术区别开来)答案: (1)She had the distinction of being the first woman to swim across the English Channel. (2)distinct sense of embarrassment (3)made a distinction between art and science2.Scientists believe that these first settlers crossed the Bering Strait from Asia to Alaska by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times.（P2） 科学家们认为，这些最早的定居者是从亚洲通过史前时期曾经存在过的大陆桥，跨过白令海峡来到阿拉斯加的。 【短语归纳】 by means of用……办法，借助 by this means用这种方法 by all means务必，一定 by any means无论如何，以一切可能的手段 by no means决不，无论如何也不 【即学即练 】请用上述短语填空。 （1)He entered the room _____________the tree near the window. （2)You can get the answer quickly _____________. （3)You must finish the task on time _____________.答案:（1）by means of （2）by this means （3）by any means3.Of the first Spanish to go to California,the majority were religious men whose ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives.(P2) 在首批移居加利福尼亚的西班牙人中，大部分是来向土著人传授天主教的牧师。 【观察与归纳】 阅读下列句子，学习majority的用法。 The majority of students are hard?working.（the majority of后接可数名词） The majority of the damage is easy to repair.(the majority of后接不可数名词) Now a majority of women in this city often find jobs easily.（a majority of+复数名词，表示“多数，很多” 时，谓语动词用复数。）【即学即练 】根据汉语完成句子。 (1)_____________(大部分人)seem to prefer TV show. (2)多数人赞成这个建议。 ____________ (3)He was elected_____________.(以多数票) 答案:(1)The majority of people (2)The majority was/were in favour of the proposal. (3)by a large majority4.There，s a fascinating drive marked out for tourists.(P8)有一种专为旅游者选定的迷人的驾车游活动。 【观察与归纳】阅读下列句子，注意mark的词性及搭配。 Who made these dirty marks on my new book？（n.痕迹;污点;斑） The teacher gave him high/low marks for his geography.（n.分数） Prices are marked on the goods.(vt.在……上作记号） He was marked out for special training.（指定或者选择某人/某物） 5.It，s a 79?km? round?trip that takes in all the famous tourist spots.(P8) 这是一次往返79公里的旅行，它覆盖了所有著名的旅游景点。 【词语归纳】 take away拿走 take back收回（话等） take it easy别急 take on雇佣；具有（面貌、颜色） take for错以为；误以为是 take after长得像 take up从事；开始（某活动或爱好）占去；接着做 take in吸收，吸引，收留，留宿，包容，理解，欺骗 【即学即练】 用take off,take up,take on...as,take over,take in,take for,take back填空。 (1)The boss was asked to_____Bob__________ an office boy. (2)The battle hero we ________an ordinary soldier at first gave us an inspiring speech. (3)The plane _____________and headed north. (4)Did they_____________much after listening to my lecture？ (5)Cars _____________a great deal of valuable space on the roads. (6)May I ______what I promised you？Very sorry,I can，t buy you a bicycle on time. 答案： (1)take on,as (2)took for (3)took off (4)take in (5)take up (6)take back6.Some died or returned home,but most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great hardship.(P2) 有些人死了或回家了,但是多数人尽管艰难，还是留在了加利福尼亚劳作谋生。 【词语归纳】 make a life 谋生 earn one?s living 谋生 live/lead a...life 过着……的生活。 【即学即练】 根据括号中的汉语提示完成句子。 (1)His father_____________(靠教书为生)in the past. (2)His grandfather _____________(靠买卖二手房谋生)and left him a lot of money. (3)Thanks to the good policy,we are _____________(过着幸福的生活)now. 答案： (1)made a life by teaching/earned his living (2)made a life by buying and selling second?hand houses (3)living/leading a happy life Step3. Encourage the Ss to explore the usages of important language points in the text in groups.
Step4.Summing &chewing, summarizing knowledge（总结反刍 ，知识梳理） Discuss the usages of the following similar words and finish the exercises in groups: 【近义词辨析】 1.hardship,difficuty和suffering【课本原句】Some died or returned home, but most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great hardship.（page2） hardship n “艰难,困苦 困难”，与difficuty和suffering是近义词。 【观察例句】He never feared hardship. 他从来不怕艰苦。He was willing to face any hardship in fulfillment of his duty.他愿意面对任何困难去履行他的职责。 Difficuties with manpower made the project out of the question.人力的困难使这一项目全无实施的可能。 They faced their sufferings as if those things were inevitable.他们面对自己苦难的遭遇，仿佛那些都是无可避免的事情。【归纳总结】这几个词都与“困难”有关，它们用于抽象意义时是不可数名词，用于表示具体的困难是为可数名词。其区别如下：hardship用于抽象意义时表示各种难以完成或处理的，需要付出很大努力才能克服的麻烦；用于具体事物时指疾病、贫穷等给人们带来的磨难。difficuty指必须付出大量的思考或运用技巧才能解决的困难。而suffering则指身体或精神上的痛苦，着重对痛苦的感觉和忍受，通常用于人。【即学即用】请选用hardship,difficuty和suffering分别完成下列各句：1.Early rising is not a ________ in summar. 2.Do you have any _________ with English 3.His wound caused him great ________.2. take in, take away, take back,…【课本原句】It’s a 79km round trip that takes in all the famous tourist spots.(Page8) 这是一次往返79公里的旅行，它覆盖了所有著名的旅游景点。take in “包括；吸收；欺骗；收留；理解，领会；改小”。【观察例句The study of physics takes in many difficult subjects. 物理的学习包括许多困难的方面。The salesman finds it easy to take in old ladies. 这个推销员发现老太太们容易上当受骗。He had nowhere to go, so I took him in. 他无处可去, 所以我收留了他。He takes after his father, a drunkard. 他就像他父亲一样,醉汉一个。
She took after her mother almost in everything. 她几乎与她母亲一模一样。The machine has already been taken apart. 机器已被拆开。He always took his father as a friend.他们总是把他父亲看作朋友。Don't be angry. He took back all those things he said about you.
不要生气。他已收回一切他说的有关你的坏话。
She finally took back her words. 她最终收回了自己的话。【归纳总结】take短语的用法归纳如下：take after (不用进行式) -to look or behave like (an older relative) 长相或举止像(某个长辈) take apart 把(小型机器、钟表等)拆开;拆散；(在体育运动或比赛中)把……彻底打败;对……苛求;严厉批评； take as 看作,认为。take away 拿走;使停学,使离开;使消失;减去。 take back 承认说错了(话),收回(诺言,话语)；送回,还回去;退(货)；使回忆起。 take down 拿下,取下;记下来;褪下(裤子等穿于腰以下的衣物)；(尤指为了修理或搬移而)把(大型机器或大物件)拆成零部件;把……拆卸开take off 脱下,脱去(尤指衣服); 解(拿)掉 --- put on (反义词)；(飞机等)升空,起飞；在(某日或某段时间)休假;歇(……天)假; 请假；开始有成就;开始受欢迎;开始成名； 打折扣；(尤指为了逗笑而) 模仿 (某人)的谈吐、举止等。take on 开始雇用 ；开始具有/ 呈现(某种品质、面貌等); 露出；接受(工作等);承担(责任等)；开始和……争吵(斗殴、作对、较量等)； 让上车,接受乘客。take out 带(某人)去(某处参加社交活动等) ；正式取得,领得,获得；洗去(污迹),使褪色。 take over接手,接任;接管。【即学即用】用take off,take up,take on...as,take over,take in,take for,take back填空。 (1)The boss was asked to_____________Bob__________ an ?office? boy. (2)The battle hero we _____________an ordinary soldier at first gave us an inspiring speech. (3)The plane _____________and headed north. (4)Did they_____________much after listening to my lecture？ (5)Cars _____________a great deal of valuable space on the roads. (6)May I _____________what I promised you？Very sorry,I can，t buy you a bicycle on time.3. hire；rent；let和employ 【课本原句】Teamed up with a couple from my hotel (Peter and Terri) and hired a car.（page8）同饭店里的一对夫妻作伴，一起租了一辆小汽车。【观察例句】The firm employs more than 100 people. 这家公司雇用100多名职工。
He hired a man to look after his garden.他雇了一个人来照料他的花园。I've got to pay my rent this morning. 今天上午我必须付房租。They rented a cabin for their vacation. 他们为度假租了一间小屋。I have rented the house out to a very nice family. 我把房子出租给了一户很好的人家。This house rents for US$ 800 a month. 这间屋子月租八百美元。Mrs. White let me a room. 怀特太太租给我一间房间。That apartment lets for $500 a month. 那公寓房子以每月五百美元出租。【归纳总结】这几个词都含“租用”或“出租”的意思,其区别如下： （1）hire 有“雇”、“短期租借”的意思,如:hire servants 雇佣人;hire a hall for an evening 租礼堂用一晚上。 （2）rent 指“较长期地租用或租出(房屋、土地等)”,如:rent a house 租房子。（3）let 指“出租(房屋、地产等)”,如:a house to let 出租的房屋。（4）employ 指长期雇佣或聘用脑力劳动者。（4）employ指“公司，商店”等的长期“雇用”，或指相对固定的工作，它侧重于服务方面。【即学即用】用hire；rent；employ；let填空。 (1)We，d better _____________a car for the weekend. (2)He makes a life by _____________out his house to tourists. (3)She _____________for six months now. (4)There is a sign outside a house and the rooms are to _____________. （答案参见由王军龙主编，陕西师大出版社出版的《新课程高中英语词汇导学练》P210~211） Step4. Get the Ss to discuss the usages of the similarwords in order to makethem understand the words .
Step5.Testing in class & improving skills（随堂检测，落实考点）请根据下列每小题后的提示选择出正确答案：( )1. In Lao Zhang’s opinion, this can be done by ____of electricity.A. way B. method C. mean D. means 【温馨提示】当means作主语并且前面有every, each 等词修饰时谓语动词用单数；有some, all, many, several, few 等词修饰时谓语动词用复数。此外，注意短语：by means of= by using 用……方法（手段）；by this means=in this way ； by no means 决不； by all means 当然可以，务必， 尽一切办法。（ ）2.______passengers survived in the traffic accident except a woman and two children. A. The most B. A majority of the C. Most the D. The majority of the 【温馨提示】majority n 大多数，大半 。 注意：（1）the majority 之后接of短语 作主语时， 如果泛指多数（与少数相对），谓语动词用复数形式和单数形式皆可；（2） the majority of +复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。（ ）3. The boy in that viallage beside our school had to _____by himself after his father’s death.A. make life B. take a life C. take a living D. make a living 【温馨提示】make a life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等； 谋生。make/earn a living 谋生 lead/live a …life 过着……的生活。（ ）4. _____percentage of his income is taxable A. What B. How C. How much D. How many 【温馨提示】percentage n 百分比，百分率。注意：a percentage of 后接名词时，其后谓语部分的数要与所接名词的单复数相符合。（ ）5. As everyone knows,football is a _____of a sharp mind and hard training rather than just talking.A. mix B. thought C. time D. action 【温馨提示】mix vi vt n 混合，搅合，混合物（与a 连用）mix A and B ;mix with sth 与某物能相混合 ;mix with sb与某人相处， 交往 ;mix…up with…把……与……混淆; be/get mixed up 被搞糊涂。（ ）6. ______to me that I had left the door unlocked. A. It happened B. It struck C. This occurred D. It occurred 【温馨提示】occur vi occurred, occurred 突然， （偶然）想起， 想到=come into one’s mind 注意：(1) sth occurs to sb = sth strikes sb= it occurs to sb that –clause =it strikes sb that-clause 某人突然想起…….(2) 当某事物作主语， 表示“发生”， occur 同happen 一样， 可以互换；但表示“在脑海中出现（某种想法），应使用occur。（ ）7. ---______luggage are you taking with you ---Only one suitcase.A. How many B. How much C. How large D. How big 【温馨提示】luggage 不可数名词 =baggage “行李”。（ ）8. The mother’s words ____that she was not satisfied with your work. A. advised B. wished C. insisted D. indicated 【温馨提示】indicate vt “指出， 标示， 表明”。（ ）9. It is ____to me that he is against the plan. A. apparent B. convenient C. available D. dependent 【温馨提示】apparently adv 显然地， 显而易见地 ;apparent adj 显然的， 显而易见;available 可获得的，可用的; dependent 可靠的。 （ ）10. You can ____your classmates if you want. A. get along with B. catch up with C. team up with D. put up with 【温馨提示】team up (with)“与……合作”， get along with“与……相处如何……”；catch up with“赶上，跟上”， put up with“忍受”。（ ）11. This year, he wants to ___a flat near his company.A. hire B. rent C. take D. make 【温馨提示】hire vt n “租用， 雇佣”， rent……to/from/out“租出”。（ ）12. The teenagers don’t know much of the world yet, that’s why they were so easily ______.A. taken in B. taken up C. taken on D. taken off 【温馨提示】take in “留宿， 收容， 包括， 理解， 欺骗”。（ ）13. There are ____beautiful coats and I don’t know which to choose.A. a great many of B. a great many C. lot of D. plenty 【温馨提示】a great /good many 许多/many/ a good/large number of / the majority +复数名词+复数谓语动词;much / a good/great deal of / a large amount of +不可数名词+单数谓语动词;a lot of / lots of / plenty of + 可数名词复数+复数谓语动词/+不可数名词+单数谓语动词； large amounts of +不可数名词+复数谓语动词；quantities of +可数名词复数/不可数名词 +复数谓语动词；a mass/quantity of +可数名词复数/不可数名词+单数谓语；masses/quantities of +可数名词复数/不可数名词+复数谓语。（ ）14. The football players reacted____the judge decision by dropping out of the match. A. on B. to C. against D. with 【温馨提示】react vi 作出反应，回应；react to sb/sth 对……作出反应，回应 ；react against sb/ sth 反对……；反抗……；react on sth/ sb 对……有影响 ；react with sth （指物质）起化学反应。（答案参见由王军龙主编，陕西师大出版社出版的《新课程高中英语词汇导学练》P233） Step5. Ask the Ss to finish the homework.
Step6. Assessment & Homework（课堂评价，布置学案）Finish the exercises at Page 4;2.Read the new words and the text after class.3.Find and underline all the sentences including the Noun Clauses in the text.
Reflection after teaching（教后反思）
Period 3　Learning about language: Grammar
Class（授课班级） Class:_____ Teaching time（授课时间）
Teaching aims（教学目的） Knowledge aims:Get students to revise the use of the Noun Clauses .Ability aims:Enable students to use the use of the Noun Clauses to solve the problems.Emotional aim:1. Get students to become interested in grammar learning.2. Develop students’ sense of group cooperation.
Teaching emphasis（教学重点） Get students to learn and master the use of the Revise Noun Clause as the Subject,Object and Predicative.
Teaching difficulties（教学难点） Enable students to learn how to use the rules of the Revise Noun Clause as the Subject,Object and Predicative correctly.
Teaching &learning procedures (教学与学习过程)
Learning Plan（学案） Teaching Plan （导案）
Step1. Preparing lessons &self-study and exploring the problems (预习自学，探究问题)Finish the task given in the last period.
Step2.Finishing plan & asking questions（完成学案，提出问题）Report the answers to the class and teacher.Point out the sentences including the Noun Clauses in the text. Step 1. Ask the Ss to report the answers and read the passage quickly to point out the sentences including the Noun Clauses in the text.
Step3.Researching cooperatively& answering questions(合作探究, 解决问题)And ask the Ss what the forms and functions of the sentences in the text are. Step2. Encourage the Ss to sum up the forms and functions of the Noun Clauses
Step4.Summing &chewing, summarizing knowledge（总结反刍 ，知识梳理）Get the Ss to learn and analyze the knowledge and use in groups . 名词性从句【概念与分类】在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等, 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。一、主语从句的用法一. 主语从句在复合句中作主语, 它可以位于句首, 但常见的主语从句多放在句末,句首则用形式主语it。That the earth is round is true. = It is true that the earth is round. 2. Whether he will come hasn’t been decided. = It hasn’t been decided whether he will come. 注意: 连词that, whether在从句中不担任句子成分,只起连接作用,不能省略 (注:if不可用来引导主语从句）二. 用it 作形式主语的结构(1) It is＋名词＋从句 It is a fact that … 事实是… It is an honor that …非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that…是常识(2) It is＋形容词＋从句 (多用 should) It is natural that… 很自然… It is strange that… 奇怪的是…(3) It is ＋ 不及物动词＋从句 It seems that… 似乎… It happened that… 碰巧… It appears that… 似乎…(4) It is ＋ 过去分词＋从句 It is reported that… 据报道… It has been proved that… 已证实… It is said that… 据说… it 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 it 作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构, 主语从句的连接词有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如:判断: It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not. It is in the morning that the murder took place.It is John that broke the window二、宾语从句的用法：句子结构：主句 + 连接词(引导词) + 宾语从句连接词:从属连词that, whether, if 连接代词 Who, whom, whose, which, what 连接副词 where, how, why, when当宾语从句是陈述句时(包括肯定句和否定句), 连词由that引导, 因为that在从句中不作任何成分, 也没有任何具体意思, 因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略。 Jane said (that) she wasn’t late for the meeting. 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时, 由特殊疑问词充当连接词, 因为该特殊疑问词(即连接词)在从句中担任一定的句子成分, 具有一定的意义, 所以不可以省略。Do you know what he said just now I don’t remember when we arrived 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时,由连词whether或if引导(口语中常用if),因为if/whether翻译成是否,具有一定的意义,所以不能省略。 Lily wanted to know if /whether her grandma liked the handbag . Let’s see if /whether we can find out some information about that city 注意: ① 关联词只能用whether不能用if 表示 “是否”的情况如下： A) 在表语从句和同位语从句中。如： The question is whether the film is worth seeing. The news whether our team has won the match is unknown.B) 在主语从句中，只有用it 作形式主语时, whether和if 都能引导主语从句, 否则, 也只能用whether。如: Whether we shall attend the meeting hasn’t been decided yet. It hasn’t been decided whether (if) we shall attend the meeting.C) 在介词之后。(介词往往可以省略) 如: It all depends (on) whether they will support us.D) 后面直接跟动词不定式时。如：　 He doesn’t know whether to stay or not.E) 后面紧接or not 时。如：　 We didn’t know whether or not she was ready.② 关联词if, whether均可使用的情况如下：　 A) 引导宾语从句。如： I wonder if (whether) the news is true or not. B) 在 “be+形容词” 之后。如：　　 He was not sure whether (if) it is right or wrong.三、表语从句的用法在复合句中用作表语的从句是表语从句, 引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样,表语从句位于连系动词后,有时用as if引导。其基本结构为:主语 + 系动词 + that从句。 That’s what we should do. That’s why I want to see you. 1. be, seem, look等动词后均可跟表语从句： My suggestion is that we should go shopping. It seems that it is going to rain. 2. as if, because 也可引导表语从句。 It looks as if it’s going to rain. It was because I got up late. 3. 在非正式文体中,引导表语从句的that可以省略。如: The trouble is (that) he is ill.注意:在表语从句中,当reason做主语时, 引导词只能用that,不能用because,如:他迟到的原因是因为他没有赶上早班车。 The reason why he was late was that he didn’t catch the early bus. Step 3. Help the Ss sum up some knowledge of the Noun Clauses.
Step5.Testing in class & improving skills（随堂检测，落实考点）【基础训练】 1.The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make____it is.A. what B. which C. how D. where 2. AfterYang LI wei succeeded in circling the earth, _____our astronauts desire to do is walk in space. A. where B. what C. that D. how 3. ----Don’t you think it necessary that he ____to Miami but to New York ---I agree, but the problem is ____he has refused to. A. will not be sent; that B. not be sent; that C. should not be sent; what D. should not send; what 4.I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize____silly mistakes I had made. A. what B. that C. how D. which 5. The poor young man is ready to accept _____help he can get. A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whenever 6.It is none of your business____other people think about you . Believe yourself. A. how B. what C. which D. when 7. ____is no possibility____Bob can win the first prize in the match. A. There; that B. It; that C. There; whether D. It; whether 8. ______that the two countries are going to have a talk . A. It reports B. It is reported C. It is reporting D. What is reported 9. As soon as he comes back, I’ll tell him when _____and see him.A. you will come B. will you come C. you come D. do you come 10.I want to know ____the thief was caught on the spot. A. which B. that C. what D. whether11. ____we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where 12. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ____I disagree.A. why B. where C. what D. how 13. _____sometimes keeps her awake at night ____John is getting more and more quiet at home. A.That; what B. What; that C. It; that D. Whether; what 14._____a terrible storm would take place in Hainan. A. Word came which B. Word came that C. Word that came D. Words came that 15. It’s no longer a question now ____man can land on the moon. A. that B. which C. whether D. what Keys: 1-5.A B B A C6-10.B A B AD 11-15. B B C B A Step4. Let the Ss use the knowledge of the Noun Clauses to finish the following exercises.
Step6. Assessment & Homework（课堂评价，布置学案）Task1. The students in Class 1-2 should do the following exercises.1. As many five courses are provided, and you are free to choose ______ suits you best. 【2012陕西卷】A whatever B. whichever C. whenever D. wherever【答案与解析】B 考查名词性从句。所填词引导的从句做动词choose的宾语，引导词在从句中做主语，意思是：无论哪件，选B。其余选项与句意不符。2. Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt ______ he could have expressed it differently. 【2012北京卷】A. why B. how C. that D. whether 【答案与解析】C。从句考查，宾语从句不缺少成分用that引导。3．It suddenly occurred to him he had left his keys in the office. 【2012江西卷】 A．whether B．where C．which D．that【答案与解析】答案：D　　考点：考察名词性从句当中的主语从句。it作形式主语，真正的主语为that he had left his keys in the office。且that在句中无意义，并不充当任何成分。4. Everyone in the village is very friendly. It doesn't matter ____ you have lived there for a short or a long time. [2012湖南高考]A. why B. how C. whether D. when【答案与解析】||C||本题是一形式主语句型，考查名词性从句引导的用法。根据空后的or可知为whether … or短语。复合句 名词性从句 主语从句 形式主语 引导词whether 5. Evdence has been found through years of study______ children’s early sleeping problem likely to continue when they grow up. 【2012重庆卷】A. why B. how C. whether D. that【答案与解析】D分析句子结构可知，空白处后面为句子主语“Evidence”的同位语从句，在这一从句中，句意完整，不缺少成分，应该使用“that”作为引导词。因此，正确答案为D选项。Task 2. Homework: Finish off Exercise 1 on P49.
Reflection after teaching（教后反思）
Period 4　Using language: Listening and speaking
Class（授课班级） Class:_____ Teaching time（授课时间）
Teaching aims（教学目的） Knowledge aims:1. Get students to learn some useful new words and expressions in the listening passage.2. Let students learn the following expressions: Encouraging others to speak:Cool, good, Really Yes, that’s right. Lucky you! Mmm, sounds interesting.That surprises me/ doesn’t surprise me.Indeed Such as Give an example.Is that so Oh I see! Sounds great! Ah ha! And what about… Talk about (going) places Where have you visited recently When did people first live there What is the climate like Why is it so warm / cold / dry / wet there What’s the population of... How many nationalities live there What did you think about the people What is the most important festival there How do they celebrate it What other interesting things did you see That’s interesting / terrific / marvelous / cool / lovely / beautiful, wonderful!You’re exciting / wonderful. Good / Creative /Fantastic / Super job!Ability aims: 1. Enable students to catch and understand the listening materials.2. Develop students’ ability to get special information and take notes while listening.Emotional aim:1. Enable students to know more about the USA.2. Develop students’ sense of group cooperation and teamwork.
Teaching emphasis（教学重点） 1. Develop students’ listening and speaking abilities.2. Enable students to master different listening skills.3. Let students learn some expressions of encouraging and describing places.
Teaching difficulties（教学难点） 1. Get students to listen to and understand listening materials .2. Let students learn the functional items for encouraging and describing places.
Teaching &learning procedures (教学与学习过程)
Learning Plan（学案） Teaching Plan （导案）
Step1. Preparing lessons &self-study and exploring the problems (预习自学，探究问题)Finish the exercises about the Noun Clauses in the last period.
Step2.Finishing plan & asking questions（完成学案，提出问题）Task 1. Warming upTell students to turn to Page 6-7 and we are going to the part Listening and speaking on what they have read about chemical fertilizers in the passage on Page 6-7.Let the Ss look through the six pictures and guess what has happened and the correct order of the pictures, and then write their guesses. Step1.Checkthe homework.Get the Ss to do something for listening.
Step3.Researching cooperatively& answering questions(合作探究, 解决问题)Task 2. Now listen again and complete the postcard George wrote.Check the answers by asking some students to read the completed postcard. Ask the students to listen to the tape and discuss the questions in pairs and write some of the things Christie says in pairs.Check the answers. Step 2. Get the Ss to do some listening.
Step4.Summing &chewing, summarizing knowledge（总结反刍 ，知识梳理）Task 3. Speaking For Activity 5, let them discuss in groups of 4 and later ask some of them to give their opinions. Show the following. 1. The function of comments and questions:· Encourage and stimulate others to further efforts;· Follow up correct or incorrect answers;· Arouse others’ imagination and creation;· Motivate others to search out new knowledge;· Make the students think and help them clarify concepts, thoughts and problems;· Get them to master an array of techniques for effective questioning in class;· Have others to express their ideas and views thoroughly;· Show respect by making sure you understand the listener’s words.2. It’s important to indicate that you are paying attention to others’ words.· It’s good manners to be polite to others with good education;· Make your communication smoothly;· Improve your relationship with each other;· Show your respect to others’ opinions and statements;· Get others to feel happy and comfortable;· Encourage others to develop their fullest level;· Ask others to be self-confident to be successful;· Have others to make the fullest expressions. Step3. Get the Ss to learn the aims of speaking.
Step5.Testing in class & improving skills（随堂检测，落实考点）Task4. Get the Ss to make up some dialogues and act out the dialogues before class. Step 4. Get the Ss to make up some dialogues and act out the dialogues before class. .
Step6. Assessment & Homework（课堂评价，布置学案）Task1. Do more listening and speaking after class;Task2. Read the diaries aloud after class and recite some sentences if possible at Page8. Step 5. Give the Ss the tasks so as to finish them after class.
Reflection after teaching（教后反思）
Period 5　 Using language: Extensive reading
Class（授课班级） Class:_____ Teaching time（授课时间）
Teaching aims（教学目的） Knowledge aims:1. Get students to learn some useful new words and expressions in this part2. Get students to read the passages..Ability aims Develop students’ reading skills by extensive reading and enable them to learn how to use different reading skills to read different reading materials.
Teaching emphasis（教学重点） 1. Develop students’ reading skills by extensive reading.2. Let students read and understand the two passages: showing our feelings and the Open hand---a universal sign.
Teaching difficulties（教学难点） Enable students to learn to use reading strategies such as skimming, scanning, and so on.
Teaching &learning procedures (教学与学习过程)
Learning Plan（学案） Teaching Plan （导案）
Step1. Preparing lessons &self-study and exploring the problems (预习自学，探究问题)Finish the exercises about the Noun Clauses in the last period.
Step2.Finishing plan & asking questions（完成学案，提出问题）Task 1.Skim the diaries and choose the best one from A,B,C and D.1.These diaries are mainly about __________.A.the view of San Francisco Bay B. the great drive marked out of touristsC. the prison on Alcatraz Island D. his tour in San Francisco Bay2. Why did the writer feel like doing anything else _________A. Because he ate lunch late B. Because he spent too much time on a carC. Because he traveled to many places in Fisherman’s WharfD. Because he saw a terrible accident3. We can visit some places in Chinatown except the ________.A.temples B. Golden Gate Bridge C. restaurants D. galleries and museums4.It’s also the place to catch the ferry to Alcatraz Island and other places in the Bay.Here the word”ferry” can mean_______.A. ship B. train C. plane D. coach (Answers: DCBA) Step1.Checkthe homework.Get the Ss to skim & scan the diaries at Page 8 and finish the tasks.
Step3.Researching cooperatively& answering questions(合作探究, 解决问题)Task 2. Read the new words or the diaries carefully , and answer the questions at Page 9. Step 2. Get the Ss to read the new words or the diaries carefully , and answer the questions.
Step4.Summing &chewing, summarizing knowledge（总结反刍 ，知识梳理）Task 3. Discuss some of words ,phrases and sentences in groups . ....many Chinese people applied for right to live in USA.(P8) 很多中国人申请在美国的居住权。 【词语归纳】 be applied to 适用于,应用于,施加于,用来表示,与……接触 apply for 申请;请求,接洽 apply oneself to 致力于,集中精力做某事 apply sth.to 把……施于……;把……运用于…… apply to 关系到,牵涉到 适用于;运用于向……询问,向……接洽 【即学即练】 根据括号中的汉语提示完成句子。 （1）You will pass your exams_____________.(如果你真正专心致志) （2）_____________(你应该立即申请这次机会),in person or by letter. （3）What I have said_____________.(与你无关) (4)A nurse _____________.(正给他的伤口敷药) 答案: (1)if you really apply yourself to your work (2)You should apply immediately for the chance (3)does not apply to you (4)is applying some medicine to his wound Step3. Get the Ss to learn some words, phrases and sentences in groups.
Step5.Testing in class & improving skills（随堂检测，落实考点）Task4. Get the Ss to finish the exercises.(限时20分钟)（ ）1. I don’t mind her criticizing me, but _____is how she does it that I object to. A. it B. that C. this D. which（ ）2. It wasn’t until nearly a month later___I received the manager’s reply. A. since B. when C. as D. that （ ）3.It is what you do rather than what you say ____matters. A. that B. what C. which D. this （ ）4. _____of people_____to prefer ____games to playing games. A. The majority; seem; watching B. The majority; seems; to watch C. Majority; seem; watching D. Majority ; seems; to watch （ ）5.Every means ____been tried, and everything ____well now. A. have; go B. has; go C. has; goes D. have; goes （ ）6. They didn’t speak the same language, but they could exchange____gestures. A. in need of B. by means of C. in place of D. by way of （ ）7. Most immigrants are able to ____when they settle in this country. A. make a life B. make a living C. live a life D. lead a life （ ）8.____the blue and yellow paint to make green.A. Get B. Put C. Use D. Mix （ ）9. A______percentage of the population have owned their own houses. A. much B. many C. high D. more （ ）10. ----______that he managed to get the information ----Oh, a friend of his helped him. A. Where was it B. What was it C. How was it D. Why was it （ ）11.Don’t be ____by products claiming to help you lose weight in a week. A. taken in B. taken on C. taken to D. taken up （ ）12. When we study we should get rid of the stale(旧知识)and ______the fresh. A. take away B. take up C. take of D. take in （ ）13.He has a good thermometer which ______changes in temperature very quickly. A. reacts against B. reacts with C. reacts to D. reacts on （ ）14. Every day only small quantities of books_____well, while large quantities of fruit ___all over the world from China. A. sells; are shipped B. sell; are shipped C. sells; is shipped D. are sold; are shipped（ ）15. A red sky at night often____fine weather the next day. A. indicates B. presents C. stands D. represents （ ）16.When I asked him whether he gave the book to Mr John, he looked puzzled. ____, he has forgotten it.A. Unfortunately B. Naturally C. Luckily D. Apparently （ ）17. The young dances look so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took ____pictures of them. A. many of B. masses of C. the number of D. a large amount of （ ）18. The professor ____his assistant to finish the experiment. A. took in B. was mixed with C. teamed up with D. market out （ ）19.I got mixed____about which side was right.A. with B. up C. in D. at （ ）20. The meeting ____ a few weeks after he had arrived from Australia. A. occurred B. was happened C. was taken place D. was occurred （ ）21. When I was walking in the street, I ____to meet a friend of mine. A. happened B. broke out C. occurred D. took place （ ）22. ____food are needed in the world, as we know. A. Quantities of B. Mass of C. A large amount of D. Lots of （ ）23.____houses and buildings were destroyed in the earthquake.A. Such many B. Too much C. A great many of D. A larger number of （ ）24.A number of the workers ____ to the farm to help the farmers. The number of the workers here____no more than 30.A. has gone; is B. has gone; were C. have gone; is D. have gone; are （答案参见由王军龙主编，陕西师大出版社出版的《新课程高中英语词汇导学练》P233） Step 4. Get the Ss to finish the given exercises .
Step6. Assessment & Homework（课堂评价，布置学案）Task1. Remember the new words and phrases in the diaries;Task2. Read the diaries aloud after class and recite some sentences if possible. Step 5. Give the Ss the tasks so as to finish them after class.
Reflection after teaching（教后反思）
Period 6　 Using language: Speaking and writing
Class（授课班级） Class:_____ Teaching time（授课时间）
Teaching aims（教学目的） Knowledge aims:1. Get students to learn more about encouraging others to speak.2. Let students learn how to write an article of a place.Ability aims:1. Train students speaking ability, especially persuading people.2. Develop students’ writing ability of description of a place.Emotional aims:1. enrich the Ss ‘s knowledge of persuading .2. Train students’ ability to cooperate with others.
Teaching emphasis（教学重点） 1. Develop students’ speaking and writing abilities.2.Let the Ss learn how to write a report about a place.
Teaching difficulties（教学难点） 1. Let students learn to develop their speaking ability.2. How to develop students’ writing ability.
Teaching &learning procedures (教学与学习过程)
Learning Plan（学案） Teaching Plan （导案）
Step1. Preparing lessons &self-study and exploring the problems (预习自学，探究问题)Finish the tasks given in the last period before class.
Step2.Finishing plan & asking questions（完成学案，提出问题）Make a short dialogue using the questions and expressions at the page of 7 (Book8). Step1.Encourage the Ss to encourage others to talk in public.Let the Ss make a short dialogue before class if possible.
Step3.Researching cooperatively& answering questions(合作探究, 解决问题)Task1. Finish Ex 4 at Page 9.Sample 1:On the next day, I teamed up with a couple from my hotel (Peter and Terri) and hired a car. We spent all day driving around city. There’s a great drive marked out for tourists. It has blue and white signs with seagulls on them to show way to go. It’s a 79km round-trip that takes in all the famous spots. We stopped many times to admire the view and take photographs. Now we have really good idea of what the city’s like. In the evening, I went to Chinatown with Peter and Terri. Chinese immigrants settled in this area in the 1850s. The fronts of the buildings are decorated to look like old buildings in southern China. There are some interesting temples here, and a number of markets and a great many restaurants. Also there are art galleries and a museum containing documents, photographs and all sorts of objects about the history of Chinese immigration, but it’s closed in the evening. We will go back during the day. We had a delicious meal and then walked back down the hill to our hotel. Sample2:I teamed up with a couple from my hotel (Peter and Terri ) and hired a car. We spent all day driving around the city. There’s a great drive marked out for tourists. It has blue and white signs with seagulls on them to show the way to go. It’s a 79km round-trip that takes in all the famous tourist spots. We stopped many times to admire the view and take photographs. I now have a really good idea of what the city’s like. In the evening, I went to Chinatown with Peter and Terri. Many/A lot of/Some Chinese immigrants settled in this area in the 1850s. The fronts of the buildings are decorated to look like old buildings in southern China. There are some interesting temples, a number of markets and a great many restaurants here. There are also art galleries and a museum containing documents, photographs and all sorts of objects about the history of Chinese immigration, but it’s closed in the evening. I will have to go back during the day. We had a delicious meal and then walked back down the hill to our hotel. Step 2. Ask students to rewrite the diary entry for Tuesday and insert all the miss words in pairs.
Step4.Summing &chewing, summarizing knowledge（总结反刍 ，知识梳理） Task2. Ask the Ss to learn to write an article about a place.请根据所给汉语提示，写一则日记。2013年4月6日你和同学去乾陵游玩得知：1.乾陵建于唐代，位于陕西省乾县境内的背部；2.乾陵驰名中外，吸引了许多国内外游客；3.乾陵是我国历史上第一位女皇武则天和她丈夫的陵墓；4.乾陵虽至今不能打开，但其周围的小陵墓已被打开，游人可进入参观。周围也有许多石人、石马，形态各异；5.在乾陵，武则天命人为她建立了一块无字碑。注意：要包括所有要点，但不能逐句翻译。词数为100~120个左右。参看答案：Saturday 6th , April 11, 2013Today my classmates and I visited Qian Tomb, which lies in the north of Qian County in Shaanxi Province. More than 1000years ago, Wu Zetian, who was the first woman empire in the Chinese history and one of empires during Tang Dynasty, was buried with her husband in Qian Tomb. Qian Tomb is also well-known in and out of China, so every day many people , including a lot of foreigners, visit it.There we saw lots of stonemen and stone-horses , most of which have no heads. We saw Wu Zetian’s Tombstone without any words. It is said that she herself wanted to let the world know that her achievements were so many that they couldn’t be carved on it. How proud she was! Many small tombs look like big castles, which visitors can go into, but they can’t go into Qian Tomb, for man can open it using the modern equipment. However, I believe we will go into it someday with the development of science. Step 3. Ask the Ss to learn how to write an article about a place.
Step5.Testing in class & improving skills（随堂检测，落实考点） Task3. Finish Ex5. at Page 9 in Book 8. Step4. Ask the Ss to finish the writing task according to the materials .
Step6. Assessment & Homework（课堂评价，布置学案）Go over all the words and phrases in this unit;Finish the writing task unfinished in class;Finish the writing task . Step 5. Give the Ss the concrete homework.
Reflection after teaching（教后反思）
Period 7　 Revision:
Class（授课班级） Class:_____ Teaching time（授课时间）
Teaching aims（教学目的） 1.Get students to go over the useful new words and expressions in this unit.2. Develop students’ ability to use the important language points in this unit.
Teaching emphasis（教学重点） 1. Get students to review and consolidate what they have learned in this unit.2. Develop students’ ability to solve problems.
Teaching difficulties（教学难点） Get students to turn what they have learned into their ability.
Teaching &learning procedures (教学与学习过程)
Learning Plan（学案） Teaching Plan （导案）
Step1. Preparing lessons &self-study and exploring the problems (预习自学，探究问题)Finish the tasks given in the last period before class.
Step2.Finishing plan & asking questions（完成学案，提出问题）Read your writing to the class.Discuss and finish Exs 1-3 at Page 48 in groups Discuss and finish Ex 1 at Page 49 in groups Step1.Check the writing task .Step2. Ask the Ss to finish the exercises within the time. Check their answers.
Step3.Researching cooperatively& answering questions(合作探究, 解决问题)【高考与我同行】1) ...which, at various times, has attracted people from nearly every country in the world.【课文要点】 attract vt. 吸引，招引；其名词形式是：attraction 意思是“吸引, 吸引力，吸引人的东西”；短语attract one’s attention 意思是“吸引某人的注意”。例如：
She was attracted by the novel advertisement. 她被这新颖的广告吸引住了。
【考题再现】 The company is starting a new advertising campaign to______new customers to its stores. （2009年上海）A. join B. attract C. stick D. transfer
【简析】 本题考查动词的区别。join参加, 结合, 加入；attract吸引，招引；stick （常与in, into, through连用）（把尖物）插入，刺入，戳入；transfer（常与to连用）迁移，调任，转移。根据句子语境，这里答案选B最合适。2) Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California...【课文要点】 what在句子中引导了一个宾语从句，作介词in的宾语。what不仅可以引导宾语从句， 也可以引导表语从句、主语从句。
【考题再现】 （1） I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize______silly mistakes I had made. (2010年湖南)A. what B. that C. how D. which
【简析】 本题考查what引导宾语从句的用法。动词recognize 后面要接宾语，所以后面的从句一定是宾语从句。what是一个形容词，在宾语从句中作定语，修饰中心词名词mistakes；that引导宾语从句时，不作句子成分；how是副词，修饰形容词或副词，这里后面有名词，所以不能用；which表示从所提供的对象中选择，句子没有可供选择的对象，故排除。这里选A最合适。
（2） The shopkeeper did not want to sell for____he thought was not enough. （2011年山东）A. where B. how C. what D. which
【简析】 本题考查what引导介词宾语从句的用法。where引导宾语从句时，在句子中作地点状语；how 引导宾语从句时，在句子中作方式状语；宾语从句缺少主语，所以排除A和B；which表示从所提供的对象中选择，在本句中不合适。根据句子语境，答案选C。3) Scientists believe that these first settlers crossed the Bering Strait from Asia to Alaska by means of a land bridge...【课文要点】 means n. 手段，方法，工具；by means of 用，依靠。例如：
She could not speak, but made her wishes known by means of signs. 她不会说话，但她用手势表达了她的愿望。
注意区别：（1） by all means 一定，务必；好的，当然可以。（2） by no means 决不，并没有。（3） by every means 尽一切可能的办法。
【联想】 mean to do sth 打算做某事；mean doing sth 意味着要做某事。
【考题再现】 （1） Every possible means______to prevent air pollution, but the sky is still not clear. （2010年上海）A. are being used B. have been used C. has been used D. had been used
【简析】 本题考查时态、语态和means的单复数用法。means有every修饰，一定是单数意义，排除A、B两项。D项时态错误。由句子的意义可知答案为C。
（2） In some parts of London, missing a bus means______for another hour.（2010上海）A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. to be waiting
【简析】本题考查动词mean的用法。mean doing...意味着；mean to do...打算做……。根据句子语境，这里选A最合适。4) This is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish...【课文要点】 why在句子中引导了一个表语从句。why引导名词性从句的用法是高考的重点，要加以重视。
【考题再现】 Mary wrote an article on ______ the team had failed to win the game. (2008年全国I)A. why B. what C. who D. that
【简析】 本题考查why引导名词性从句的用法。介词宾语从句中不缺少主语和宾语，而需要原因状语，所以答案选A。 Step 3. Direct the Ss to go over all the words and phrases in Unit1.
Step4.Summing &chewing, summarizing knowledge（总结反刍 ，知识梳理）Make one or two sentences using the forms of the sentences appearing in this unit :1．However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.然而，美洲土著人很可能在15 000年前就在加州生活着。2．Two centuries later, the Spanish had settled in most parts of South America and along the northwest coast of what we now call the United States.二百年后，西班牙人定居在南美洲大多数地区以及现在美国的西北沿海。3．That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.这就是今天有超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。4．Although Chinese immigrants began to arrive during the Gold Rush Period, it was the building of the rail network from the west to the east coast that brought even larger numbers to California in the 1860s.
虽然中国移民在淘金热时期就开始到来了，但是更大批量的移民却是在19世纪60年代为了修建贯穿美国东西海岸的铁路而来的。5．It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.
人们相信过不了多久国籍间相混的程度将如此大以至于不再有明显的种族或文化团体，而仅仅是一个种族和文化的混合体。 Step4. Let the Ss make sentences using the forms of the sentences appearing in Unit1.
Step5.Testing in class & improving skills（随堂检测，落实考点） 一.单项选择: 1．—Do you think we should put an ad in the paper for the lost child
—Yes, ______.
A．that's all right B．by all means C．it just depends D．never mind答案：B：由 Yes 可知表示同意，选 by all means “务必；一定；当然可以”。A、D项表示“没关系”；C项“看情况而定”。2．—What is boy's favorite sport
—______ of boys like playing football.
A．None B．The most C．The majority D．Every答案：C：the majority of boys＝most boys＝most of the boys “大多数男孩子”。none不符合题意；every 不能接 of短语。3．Don't be ______by products promising to make you lose weight quickly.
A．taken off B．taken out C．taken away D．taken in答案：D：A.起飞，脱掉，(事业)腾飞；B.拿出；C.带走；D.欺骗。由句意可知D项正确。4．To travel to the United States, you must first apply ______ the American Embassy ______ your visa.A．for; to B．to; for C．for; for D．to; to答案：B：考查apply短语的用法。apply to sb. for sth.向某人申请某物。句意为：要去美国旅行，你要首先向美国大使馆申请签证。5．The agreement indicates that the two companies will ______ with each other again.A．team up B．turn up C．look up D．pick up答案：A：考查动词短语辨析。A项表示“与……合作”，符合句意。B项表示“出现；到达”；C项表示“向上看；查寻”；D项表示“捡起，接收”，均不合题意。6．It is very ______ that, in many schools, the students are going to spend less time in doing homework than they used to.
A．possibly B．probably C．lovely D．likely答案：D：句意为：在很多学校学生做作业的时间可能将比原来少。用it is likely that句型，其他三个词不用于这个结构。7．She managed to climb out of the car, ______ unhurt.
A．apparently B．occasionally C．freely D．peacefully答案：A：考查副词。A.看起来，显然；B.偶尔；C.无拘无束地；D.peacefully和平地。由题意，选A。8．－Sunny day, isn't it
－Let's hope the sunny weather ______ for Saturday's tennis match.
A．carries on B．moves on C．keeps up D．goes up答案：C：考查动词短语的辨析。keep up保持，继续，符合语意“希望好天气保持到星期六的网球比赛”。carry on继承；move on继续进行；go up上升，增长。9．If you don't ______ the advice of your teachers, you'll regret it sooner or later.
A．regard B．enjoy C．value D．think答案：C：考查动词辨析。如果你不重视老师的建议，迟早会后悔的，用value表示“重视”。其他动词的含义不符合语意。10．______ the students in our school go to college in their teens.
A．A good many B．A great many of C．A great deal of D．A great deal答案：B：a good many students 许多学生。a great deal of 修饰不可数名词。11．It suddenly ______ to the detective that the millionaire was probably murdered by his own daughter.A．happened B．occurred C．thought D．took place答案：B：句意为“那个侦探突然想到那个百万富翁可能是被自己女儿杀死的”。It occurred to sb. that... “某人想到……”。12．Many streets in this city have been ______ for cultural protection.
A．stretched out B．marked out C．left out D．stood out答案：B：mark out 标志；记出来。stretch out 伸出； leave out 丢、漏；stand out 脱颖而出，显眼。13．The restlessness of animals ______ a possible occurrence of an earthquake.
A．expressed B．impressed C．indicated D．interpreted答案：C：indicate 预示；暗示。句意为“动物们不休息预示可能发生地震”。14．He is supposed ______ to the meeting, but he didn't.
A．to come B．to have come C．coming D．having come答案：B.考查 sb./sth. is supposed to do 结构，且句中表示“本该到而未到”，故用 to have come。15．______ sometimes keeps her awake at night ______ Tom is getting more and more quiet at home.A．That; which B．It; that C．Whether; what D．What; that答案：B.句中 it是形式主语，真正的主语为 that 从句。二．单词拼写请运用本单元的单词完成下列单词拼写题：1 It is _________（明显的） from her accent that she is from the north of China. 2 China is a big country with 56 __________（民族）. 3 The Taiwan _________（海峡） separates Taiwan from the mainland. 4 Did I call you Richard Sorry, Robert, just a __________ （滑动）of the tongue. 5 They have appealed for an end to the ____（种族）discrimination in aspects such as employment. 6 It was time to end the _________（奴隶制） and set slaves free. 7 You can buy newly-made cakes from across the __________（面包店）. 8 There were more than 50 ___________（申请人） for the job, but only 10 were employed. 9 The __________（大多数） of representatives are in favor of the plan, only a few are against it. 10 There is no bridge over the river between the primary school and the village. So those children need to be __________（摆渡） to and from school. 11 He was ________（雇用） three years ago and he is content with the job in the company. 12 A _________ （海鸥）is a seabird with long wings and usually with white or black feathers.13 China is a __________（社会主义） country with the Chinese Communist Party ruling. 14 Over the past years, there has been a big rise in __________（移民） to the USA. 15 __________（插入） coins into the slot and press for a ticket. 16 We own a big farm, where sheep and _________（牛） are kept. 17 What _________（百分比） of the population in China are farmers 18 Some people can _________（回应） badly to seafood, such as shrimps. 19 Research __________（指出；标示） that eating habits are related to health. 20 An __________（飞行器） carrier is a large ship that carries planes which use it as a base to land on and take off from. 21 His telephone is out of service. Is there any other __________（方法） of contacting him 22 I’ve finished this magazine. Can I _________（交换） with you 23 Water is a _________ （混合物）of hydrogen and oxygen. 24 After getting off the train, I asked Peter to stay with our ______（行李）while I found a taxi.（答案参见由王军龙主编，陕西师大出版社出版的《新课程高中英语词汇导学练》P233页）
Step6. Assessment & Homework（课堂评价，布置学案）短文改错 A. It was almost five years since I began to learn English. I’m glad to say what I’m getting along well with it .But at the first I met a lot of difficulties. I couldn’t pronounce English words exact nor could I remember the words I have learned. In class, I couldn’t understand what the teacher said. But he always told me that, “ Keep on you will do it well.” His words greatly encouraged me. I started work hard at English. Under the help of him and my classmates. I made some progresses. I am very pleased, but I will work even hard. B Dear Professor White, We are organizing a discussion on the difference social values between university students in China and the U.S., which I believe it will promote mutual (相互)understanding between younger generation of our two nations. Since you are an expert in this regard, we would feel honored and grateful we may have your presence. By the way, we wonder if you could give us lecture before the discussion began, so that the participants may be better preparing for the discussion. The English Corner is to take place from 7:00 p.m. on the coming Friday, at the Conference Hall. We are looking forward to see you. Yours, Wang Lin C The journey was long and tired. We left London at five o’clock in the evening and took eight hours in the train. We’d been traveling for three hours before someone appear selling food and drinks. It was darkness all the time we were crossing Wales so we could see nothing across the window. When we finally arrived Holyhead nearly everyone was sleeping. As soon the train stopped , everybody came to life, grabbing suitcases and rush onto the platform. While we were getting off the train, there was an announcement which the boat had not arrived yet from Ireland and there had been a delay. When the boat finally came and we had been waiting for over two hours. 参考答案：A. was---is .what---that .删掉 the .exact---exactly . have---had .^had .and^you .Under---With . progresses ----progress . hard---harder B. difference ---different .between----among . 删掉it . generation----generations . ^if . a^lecture . began---begins . preparing ---prepared . from---at . see---seeing C. tired---tiring . took---spent . appear---appeared . darkness---dark . across---through . arrived^at .soon ^as . rush---rushing . which---that . 删掉 and Step5. Make the Ss finish the following exercises after Class.
Reflection after teaching（教后反思）
说明：本导学案含导案与学案两部分。上述导学案为教师的教案，教师可将学案单独