高考专项训练：阅读理解-2023-2024学年英语译林版（2019）含答案
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| 名称 | 高考专项训练：阅读理解-2023-2024学年英语译林版（2019）含答案 |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 牛津译林版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-12-18 16:09:28 | ||
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高考专项训练：阅读理解-2023-2024学年英语译林版（2019）
阅读理解
Climate experts are having a debate: they are asking whether the UK should focus more on adapting to climate change or trying to prevent it.
David Frost holds that preventing climate change is no longer an option, given the extent to which the Earth now appears certain to heat up. Despite the many policies which attempt to stop climate change. it now seems unavoidable that the world will pass the 1.5 C or 2'C increases in average global temperature that are likely to induce large changes in the climate.
David Frost is right in that our economies are growing so much slower than we had anticipated. Our emissions can drop if we reduce emissions per unit of GDP we create but they can also drop if the GDP is lower. Lower growth means it is more feasible (可行的) for us to achieve targets such as Net Zero, but it also makes it less environmentally urgent to achieve those targets so soon, because we are and have been emitting a lot less carbon than we had anticipated.
The UK authority finds the debate about adaptation difficult. Partly, it is because some activists claim that adaptation is not feasible. They say that climate change will end human civilization, potentially leading to the entire extinction of the human race.
However, the mainstream view of many scientists and economists, who work on climate change, is that global warming could lead to large changes in our environment. Significant parts of the world currently heavily populated could become effectively uninhabitable while other parts currently unsuitable for high-density human habitation would become more habitable. Meanwhile, at higher temperatures both climate and weather are likely to become more volatile including increased frequency of storms, flooding and other weather events.
These would be significant changes, but it would be perfectly feasible for humans to adapt to them. The issue is not whether adapting would be technically feasible, but whether it would be desirable either in ethical or practical terms. Are we willing to accept a materially warmer world, with humans living in different parts of it Are we willing to accept the possible extinctions of certain species and the greater flourishing of those currently less successful and of new species yet to evolve Are we willing to accept the consequences of a large shift in the patterns of human habitation across the world
It is by no means clear on what basis we ought to ethnically privilege the plants and animals that flourish under today's climate over those that would flourish under a warmer, more volatile climate. However, adaptation will be feasible and is a necessity given the extent to which warming is now unavoidable. Slower GDP growth and thus slower climate change ought to make greater efforts at adaptation more attractive.
1．According to the passage, who hesitate(s) to adapt to the climate change
A．The government. B．Climate experts.
C．David Frost. D．The activists.
2．The underlined word "volatile" in Paragraph 5 probably means ____.
A．changeable B．predictable C．bearable D．noticeable
3．The questions in Paragraph 6 are mainly aimed at ____.
A．expressing doubts about people's adaptability
B．presenting examples of future climate patterns
C．highlighting the consequences of human activities
D．helping people decide on their openness to adaptation
4．Which of the following might the author agree with
A．Slowing climate change deserves great efforts.
B．Global warming is preventable to some extent.
C．Adaptation to climate change is beyond question.
D．Protection of the current species should be prioritized.
阅读理解
I was born missing my left arm. In 1986, at 18 months, I was fitted with a prosthetic (义肢) device, a decision made by my parents and doctors so that I would develop "normally".
I spent my entire childhood and adolescence trying to fit in. I did just about anything to ease the pains of the stares and pointing fingers from my classmates. By the time I was 8, 1 had no self-confidence, and the hand I was wearing was making it harder for me to fit in. So I decided I was better off without one. I didn't need anyone to fix me.
To prove that I wasn't limited by my disability, I developed a love for all sports, in particular swimming. I was selected to my first Australian women's swimming team at age 13 and successfully represented my country for eight years. I realized I'd made a name for myself because of my disability.
I taught myself how to be comfortable in a society filled with insecurities. So when I was first contacted in 2021 by Covvi, a company trying to create the world's most advanced bionic (仿生的) hand, I was a bit surprised. They asked me to trial the hand and, if possible, to become a patient advocate. Initially, I said no. Then, curiosity got the better of me.
While I was busy advocating for disability rights, a new generation of leaders, like Amy Purdy and Nick Vujicic, used the power of technology and social media to display wheelchairs or artificial limbs without explanation. People feared disability less. Society was beginning to see a person first, and their disability second.
Viewing disability through a social lens also meant acknowledging that a person is more disabled by their environment and the discrimination of others than by their actual disability. As those conversations shifted, I realized that there was an opportunity to use technology to steer the narrative for future generations. In July 2022, I decided to trial the hand.
The role of patient advocate is an enormous privilege. Through sharing my journey, I'm able to reach thousands of other people who would benefit from its extraordinary capabilities. That's why I wear a bionic hand—not because I'm broken, but because I have an opportunity to enhance the human capabilities that already exist.
5．The author developed a love for all sports because
A．she was longing for fame
B．sports gave her self-confidence
C．she wanted to defeat her disability
D．her prosthetic device empowered her
6．From Purdy and Vujicic, the author learned ____ .
A．more people acknowledged their limits
B．the disabled needed a friendlier environment
C．social media allowed the disabled opportunities
D．technology shifted people's attitudes to disability
7．Which of the following words can best describe the author
A．Intelligent and brave. B．Warm-hearted and patient.
C．Responsible and strong-willed. D． Independent and innovative.
8．From the passage, we learn that one should ____ .
A．maximize one's abilities by embracing reality
B．build one's social circle with optimism
C．stick to one's goal to achieve success
D．take it easy in difficult situations
阅读理解
Four years ago, Rome Leykin was on his way to work when he accidentally fell onto the tracks of Brooklyn's L train as a subway was approaching. The incident resulted in the loss of both of his legs.
But surprisingly, with the loss of his legs, Leykin gained a new passion for racing. Before his accident, he wasn't really that athletic. He would just occasionally play basketball. But that all changed after he was introduced to hand cycling. "When I saw it, I was like, 'Oh, this is great. You don't even need legs to use it. This is perfect.'" he said. "So, I got on it, I rode and fell in love with it right away."
Within a few months, he completed the TD Five Boro Bike Tour, a 40-mile ride through New York City. After that, he did his first marathon in 2021. He fished that race in 2 hours and 11 minutes, placing 12th out of 38.
"I'm going to attend this year's marathon and take on challenges. My hands are on the wheel, my eyes are focused, and I think my time is going to speak for itself." he said. He's made a significant commitment to training. He hand cycles at least 13.1 miles a couple times a week and spends a lot of time in the gym.
And he plans to keep pursuing his athlete goals. He wants to complete the Abbott Six-the world's six largest marathons. One day, he said, he'll maybe even make the Paralympics.
For those who might be following his journey, he hopes they will take some lessons from his story. "There will be ups and downs but the trend is what's important. Focus on the good," he said. "'And also, take your big problems and split them into small solutions. And then all of a sudden, your big problems turn into many small wins."
9．What can we learn about Rome Leykin from paragraph 2
A．He made hand cycling more popular among the disabled.
B．He considered hand cycling difficult in the beginning.
C．He once was an excellent basketball player.
D．He showed an interest in hand cycling the moment he saw it.
10．How did Rome Leykin feel about the coming marathon
A．Nervous. B．Worried. C．Confident. D．Curious.
11．Which of the following can best describe Rome Leykin
A．Open-minded and creative. B．Kind-hearted and helpful.
C．Easy-going and reliable. D．Strong-willed and ambitious.
12．What message does Rome Leykin convey in the last paragraph
A．Focus on your strengths.
B．Break down your goals.
C Achieve success at all costs D. Stick to your dreams.
阅读理解
Automation was a hot topic. Nearly everyone agreed that people would be working less once computers and other kinds of automatic machinery became widespread. For optimists, this was a promise of liberation: At last humanity would be freed from constant toil, and we could all devote our days to more refined pursuits. But others saw a threat: Millions of people would be thrown out of work, and desperate masses would roam the streets. Looking back from 50 years hence, the controversy over automation seems a quaint and curious episode. The dispute was never resolved.
A. J. Hayes, a leader （and no relation to me）, wrote in 1964: Automation is not just a new kind of mechanization but a revolutionary force capable of overturning our social order. Whereas mechanization made workers more efficient--and thus more valuable--automation threatens to make them superfluous（过剩的）--and thus without value. The opinions I have cited here represent extreme positions, and there were also many milder views. But I think it's fair to say that most early students of automation, including both critics and enthusiasts, believed the new technology would lead us into a world where people worked much less.
As for economic consequences, worries about unemployment have certainly not gone away--not with job losses in the current recession approaching 2 million workers in our country alone. But recent job losses are commonly attributed to causes other than automation, such as competition from overseas or a roller-coaster financial system. In any case, the vision of a world where machines do all the work and people stand idly by has simply not come to pass.
The spread of automation outside of the factory has altered its social and economic impact in some curious ways. In many cases, the net effect of automation is not that machines are doing work that people used to do. Instead we've dispensed with the people who used to be paid to run the machines, and we've learned to run them ourselves. These trends contradict almost all the expectations of early writers on automation, both optimists and pessimists. So far, automation has neither liberated us from the need to work nor deprived us of the opportunity to work. Instead, we're working more than ever.
What about trades closer to my own vital interests Will science be automated Technology already has a central role in many areas of research; for example, genome sequences could not be read by traditional lab-bench methods. Replacing the scientist will presumably be a little harder than replacing the lab technician, but when a machine exhibits enough curiosity and tenacity, I think we'll just have to welcome it as a companion in zealous research. And if the scientist is elbowed aside by an automaton, then surely the science writer can't hold out either. I'm ready for my 15-hour workweek.
13．In Paragraph 1, the writer mainly wants to convey that ____.
A．automation brings in much convenience in life
B．automation results in unemployment on
C．the issue of automation is still in discussion
D．automation does more harm than good
14．According to A. J. Hayes, we can infer ____.
A．the disadvantages of automation far outweigh the advantages
B．automation is a revolutionary force to better development
C．the new technology would lead people into working much less
D．automation is more valuable than what we imagine
15．What does the underlined word possibly mean
A．Set…free from. B．Bring…into.
C．Put…down for. D．Take…away from.
16．What can we conclude from this passage
A．Traditional labor force will be replaced in the near future.
B．Automation results in more job losses in the writer's country.
C．Automation should be accepted reasonably in development.
D．People needn't work so hard due to automation.
阅读理解
The ebike has become an essential item, and even the King has been spotted riding one. According to the market research company Mintel, sales have almost tripled over the past five years. While ebikes have become increasingly commonplace, they are still undeniably expensive. You can pick up a perfectly adequate push bike for 300, but most ebikes cost nearly 2,000.Now, Cycling Electric, designed to help consumers choose an ebike, offers the following recommendations.
Best folding bike
Carbo Model X
Price: 2,799| Weight: 13.3kg
Range: up to 34 miles
This is one of the most convenient bikes, from a little-known label. The lightweight Carbo X is the perfect example of convenience thanks to its carbon frame and belt drive, instead of a metal bike chain. This makes it lighter and less likely to get messy than an electric Brompton, with its more traditional, oily chain.
Most stylish
Temple Cycles Classic
Price: from 2,995 | Weight: 19kg
Range: up to 74 miles
This Bristol-based brand is known for its elegant pushbikes, which are hand-built in the city. This is its electric version. It's a very sleek and functional commuter option and not too heavy. Temples have fewer proprietary（品牌专卖的）parts and so are serviceable in any bike shop. Stylish as they may be, the VanMoofs and the Cowboys can be a bit more complex to get back-up and service.
The money-no-object option
Riese & Müller Nevo4 GT Vario GX
Price: 5,380|Weight: 28.4kg
Range: up to 93 miles
This is a prime example of the attention to detail delivering a high-quality experience in functionality, comfort and practicality-if you can afford it. It has the capacity to handle 25kg of luggage in a pannier, powerful road lights and a beautifully smooth motor.
17．What is the advantage of the Temples over other stylish ebike brands
A．They are more lightweight.
B．They have easier access to service.
C．They have more functions.
D．They are more comfortable.
18．Which ebike will a consumer probably choose, who cares most about an excellent experience
A．Carbo ModelX.
B．The VanMoofs and the Cowboys.
C．Riese & Müller Nevo4 GT Vario GX.
D．Temple Cycles Classic.
19．Where is the text probably taken from
A．An online post. B．An official document.
C．A market research report. D．A magazine column.
阅读理解
The success of many North American crops partly depends on ground beetles, small insects that eat pests and weed seeds that could otherwise damage crops. But a new study by researchers in the U. S. and Canada suggests not all of the nearly 2,000 species of ground beetles found in North America will survive climate change. Some could decline. And that could have a far-reaching impact on agriculture, forestry, and conservation.
By analyzing data on 136 different ground beetle species across continental North America, Puerto Rico and Hawaii, the researchers found that a species' chance of success in a changing climate depends on several important factors, such as its habitat preference, body size, and whether it flies, climbs or runs.
"We found that less mobile, nonflying ground beetles, which are critical pest control agents, are more likely to decline over time in a warmer, dryer climate," said Tong Qiu, who led the study. "That means you're going to have more pests that can impact agricultural and forest ecosystems." But there is reason for hope, Qiu added, because the analysis also showed that habitat conservation can lessen these effects and reverse the trends in some areas.
"We hope conservation biologists will use this information and the online map that we created to better manage habitats for insects in general. Ground beetles are very beneficial to ecosystems, but they're largely invisible to the average person. In this paper we're showing the broad impacts they have on whole communities in forested and agricultural ecosystems," said Qiu.
The researchers used ground beetle count data from the National Science Foundation's National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) and from 11 previously published studies to measure and map the beetles' distribution across North America. Habitat information, such as the location of gap s in forest canopies and the density of plants on a forest floor, was obtained by using NEON's imaging instruments to create detailed three-dimensional images of landscapes. They then entered the data collected into a computer model to simulate (模拟) climate changes to study how the insects would respond.
20．What does the new study in North America show
A．The survival of ground beetles only depends on its habitat.
B．Some ground beetles will not survive a climate change.
C．Pests could destroy crops.
D．Some ground beetles will destroy crops in a warmer climate.
21．What does Tong Qiu intend to convey in paragraphs 3 and 4
A．Ground beetles will become less mobile in a warmer climate.
B．There is no way to stop the decline of ground beetles.
C．Critical pests are more adaptable in a warmer, drier climate.
D．The importance of ground beetles should be widely recognized.
22．How did the research team carry out the study
A．By analyzing data. B．By performing experiments.
C．By studying documents. D．By doing field research.
23．What can be the best title for the text
A．New Breakthrough in Biodiversity Research
B．A Catastrophic Climate Change on the Way
C．Crop-saving Beetles under Climate Threat
D．North American Agriculture Crops at Risk
阅读理解
Feel exhausted after a party Rather see one close friend than a group of acquaintances Enjoy your own company In our world, that makes you an introvert (内向的人). However, there's another possible explanation—vertical attachment. If you are closer to your parents and family members than to your peers, you are vertically attached, which means you rely more on family for comfort.
If you are closer to your peers, then you are peer attached. We live in a peer-oriented world. We believe that having lots of friends means that we are well-adjusted. We put our kids in playgroups and daycare for peer interaction. We expect teenagers to want to hang out with their friends, thinking it is the natural way of things.
Result Generations often feel worlds apart. We use different language, dress, and technology apps. Even if multiple generations are invited to the same party, the kids go to the basement playroom while the parents stay upstairs.
Vertically-attached individuals can feel out of place in this context, demonstrating the traces of introversion. Will they be exhausted after a party with same-aged acquaintances Absolutely. Would they rather spend time with one close friend Sure. Do they enjoy alone time Yes, more than they enjoy time fitting in with peers.
It's normal that many people need alone time to recharge. However, vertically-attached people often label themselves as introverted. They feel insecure that others have more friends and live richer lives. They claim that their family attachments arise from their loved ones being stuck with them.
If you feel these insecurities, know that there is nothing wrong with you, and you are not missing out on anything. Your attachment style is just different from the culture where you live. Have confidence in the strength of the relationships you have, whether it is with a mom who feels more like a best friend, or a grandmother with whom you can share anything. They are meaningful, enriching relationships, even if they look different from the cultural norm.
24．Who is vertically attached according to the text
A．Mike, who feels at ease with his teachers.
B．Maggie, who enjoys film time alone at weekends.
C．Tom, who feels burnt out after a family get-together.
D．Lisa, who often turns to her dad when things are hard.
25．What is the popular belief among parents
A．Younger generations should be self-disciplined.
B．Being sociable is a desired quality for their children.
C．Their children need more friends than they themselves do.
D．Different generations should have different circles of acquaintances.
26．What advice is given to vertically-attached people
A．Be that as it may, just leave it as it is.
B．Never underestimate your inner power.
C．Hang out more with friends and adjust to it.
D．Treat others the way you want to be treated.
27．What is the author's attitude towards vertically-attached people
A．Sympathetic. B．Objective. C．Unconcerned. D．Critical.
阅读理解
A new study conducted by researchers from the University of Bath illustrates that flowering plants escaped relatively unharmed from the mass extinction that killed the dinosaurs 66 million years ago. While they suffered some species loss, the devastating event helped flowering plants become the dominant type of plant they are today.
Numerous mass extinctions have occurred throughout Earth's history, the most famous caused by an asteroid (小行星) hit 66 million years ago. The Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) extinction event wiped out at least 75% of all species on Earth, including the dinosaurs, but until now it has been unclear what kind of impact it had on flowering plants.
Plants do not have skeletons (骨骼) or exoskeletons like most animals, meaning fossils are relatively rare compared to animals, making it very difficult to understand the timeline of evolution from fossil evidence alone.
Dr. Jamie Thompson of the Milner Centre for Evolution and Dr. Santiago Ramírez-Barahona of Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México analyzed evolutionary "trees" constructed from changes in the DNA sequences (顺序) of up to 73,000 living species of flowering plants—angiosperms (被子植物). Using complex statistical methods, they fitted "birth-death" models to estimate the rates of extinction throughout geological time.
While the fossil record shows that many species did disappear, the ancestry to which they belong, such as families and orders, survived enough to flourish and then dominate. Evidence suggests that the vast majority of angiosperms families around today existed before the K-Pg event, of which some once shared Earth with the dinosaurs. Dr. Thompson said, "After most of Earth's species became extinct at K-Pg, angiosperms took the advantage, similar to the way in which mammals took over after the dinosaurs, and now pretty much all life on Earth depends on flowering plants ecologically."
So what made them tough enough to survive despite being immobile and relying on the sun for energy Dr. Ramírez-Barahona said, "Flowering plants have a remarkable ability to adapt. They use a variety of seed-dispersal and pollination (授粉) mechanisms. Some have copied their entire genomes and others have evolved new ways to make use of solar energy."
28．What does the underlined word "devastating" in Paragraph 1 mean
A．Depressing. B．Destructive. C．Degrading. D．Delicate.
29．How did the two scientists conduct their research
A．By studying fossil. B．By analyzing skeletons.
C．By building data models. D．By observing living species.
30．What can we learn from the passage
A．Flowering plants once coexisted with dinosaurs on Earth.
B．Mammals took advantage of the dinosaurs in the evolution.
C．Dinosaurs disappeared because of an asteroid hit 66 billion years ago.
D．Without fossil evidence, the timeline of the plants' evolution is unclear.
31．What can be the best title of the passage
A．Nature's True Survivors B．The K-Pg Event
C．The Plants' Narrow Escape D．Dinosaurs' Failure in Evolution
答案解析部分
【答案】1．A
2．A
3．D
4．C
【答案】5．C
6．D
7．C
8．A
【答案】9．D
10．C
11．D
12．B
【答案】13．C
14．B
15．D
16．C
【答案】17．B
18．C
19．D
【答案】20．B
21．D
22．A
23．C
【答案】24．D
25．B
26．A
27．B
【答案】28．B
29．C
30．A
31．A
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高考专项训练：阅读理解-2023-2024学年英语译林版（2019）
阅读理解
Climate experts are having a debate: they are asking whether the UK should focus more on adapting to climate change or trying to prevent it.
David Frost holds that preventing climate change is no longer an option, given the extent to which the Earth now appears certain to heat up. Despite the many policies which attempt to stop climate change. it now seems unavoidable that the world will pass the 1.5 C or 2'C increases in average global temperature that are likely to induce large changes in the climate.
David Frost is right in that our economies are growing so much slower than we had anticipated. Our emissions can drop if we reduce emissions per unit of GDP we create but they can also drop if the GDP is lower. Lower growth means it is more feasible (可行的) for us to achieve targets such as Net Zero, but it also makes it less environmentally urgent to achieve those targets so soon, because we are and have been emitting a lot less carbon than we had anticipated.
The UK authority finds the debate about adaptation difficult. Partly, it is because some activists claim that adaptation is not feasible. They say that climate change will end human civilization, potentially leading to the entire extinction of the human race.
However, the mainstream view of many scientists and economists, who work on climate change, is that global warming could lead to large changes in our environment. Significant parts of the world currently heavily populated could become effectively uninhabitable while other parts currently unsuitable for high-density human habitation would become more habitable. Meanwhile, at higher temperatures both climate and weather are likely to become more volatile including increased frequency of storms, flooding and other weather events.
These would be significant changes, but it would be perfectly feasible for humans to adapt to them. The issue is not whether adapting would be technically feasible, but whether it would be desirable either in ethical or practical terms. Are we willing to accept a materially warmer world, with humans living in different parts of it Are we willing to accept the possible extinctions of certain species and the greater flourishing of those currently less successful and of new species yet to evolve Are we willing to accept the consequences of a large shift in the patterns of human habitation across the world
It is by no means clear on what basis we ought to ethnically privilege the plants and animals that flourish under today's climate over those that would flourish under a warmer, more volatile climate. However, adaptation will be feasible and is a necessity given the extent to which warming is now unavoidable. Slower GDP growth and thus slower climate change ought to make greater efforts at adaptation more attractive.
1．According to the passage, who hesitate(s) to adapt to the climate change
A．The government. B．Climate experts.
C．David Frost. D．The activists.
2．The underlined word "volatile" in Paragraph 5 probably means ____.
A．changeable B．predictable C．bearable D．noticeable
3．The questions in Paragraph 6 are mainly aimed at ____.
A．expressing doubts about people's adaptability
B．presenting examples of future climate patterns
C．highlighting the consequences of human activities
D．helping people decide on their openness to adaptation
4．Which of the following might the author agree with
A．Slowing climate change deserves great efforts.
B．Global warming is preventable to some extent.
C．Adaptation to climate change is beyond question.
D．Protection of the current species should be prioritized.
阅读理解
I was born missing my left arm. In 1986, at 18 months, I was fitted with a prosthetic (义肢) device, a decision made by my parents and doctors so that I would develop "normally".
I spent my entire childhood and adolescence trying to fit in. I did just about anything to ease the pains of the stares and pointing fingers from my classmates. By the time I was 8, 1 had no self-confidence, and the hand I was wearing was making it harder for me to fit in. So I decided I was better off without one. I didn't need anyone to fix me.
To prove that I wasn't limited by my disability, I developed a love for all sports, in particular swimming. I was selected to my first Australian women's swimming team at age 13 and successfully represented my country for eight years. I realized I'd made a name for myself because of my disability.
I taught myself how to be comfortable in a society filled with insecurities. So when I was first contacted in 2021 by Covvi, a company trying to create the world's most advanced bionic (仿生的) hand, I was a bit surprised. They asked me to trial the hand and, if possible, to become a patient advocate. Initially, I said no. Then, curiosity got the better of me.
While I was busy advocating for disability rights, a new generation of leaders, like Amy Purdy and Nick Vujicic, used the power of technology and social media to display wheelchairs or artificial limbs without explanation. People feared disability less. Society was beginning to see a person first, and their disability second.
Viewing disability through a social lens also meant acknowledging that a person is more disabled by their environment and the discrimination of others than by their actual disability. As those conversations shifted, I realized that there was an opportunity to use technology to steer the narrative for future generations. In July 2022, I decided to trial the hand.
The role of patient advocate is an enormous privilege. Through sharing my journey, I'm able to reach thousands of other people who would benefit from its extraordinary capabilities. That's why I wear a bionic hand—not because I'm broken, but because I have an opportunity to enhance the human capabilities that already exist.
5．The author developed a love for all sports because
A．she was longing for fame
B．sports gave her self-confidence
C．she wanted to defeat her disability
D．her prosthetic device empowered her
6．From Purdy and Vujicic, the author learned ____ .
A．more people acknowledged their limits
B．the disabled needed a friendlier environment
C．social media allowed the disabled opportunities
D．technology shifted people's attitudes to disability
7．Which of the following words can best describe the author
A．Intelligent and brave. B．Warm-hearted and patient.
C．Responsible and strong-willed. D． Independent and innovative.
8．From the passage, we learn that one should ____ .
A．maximize one's abilities by embracing reality
B．build one's social circle with optimism
C．stick to one's goal to achieve success
D．take it easy in difficult situations
阅读理解
Four years ago, Rome Leykin was on his way to work when he accidentally fell onto the tracks of Brooklyn's L train as a subway was approaching. The incident resulted in the loss of both of his legs.
But surprisingly, with the loss of his legs, Leykin gained a new passion for racing. Before his accident, he wasn't really that athletic. He would just occasionally play basketball. But that all changed after he was introduced to hand cycling. "When I saw it, I was like, 'Oh, this is great. You don't even need legs to use it. This is perfect.'" he said. "So, I got on it, I rode and fell in love with it right away."
Within a few months, he completed the TD Five Boro Bike Tour, a 40-mile ride through New York City. After that, he did his first marathon in 2021. He fished that race in 2 hours and 11 minutes, placing 12th out of 38.
"I'm going to attend this year's marathon and take on challenges. My hands are on the wheel, my eyes are focused, and I think my time is going to speak for itself." he said. He's made a significant commitment to training. He hand cycles at least 13.1 miles a couple times a week and spends a lot of time in the gym.
And he plans to keep pursuing his athlete goals. He wants to complete the Abbott Six-the world's six largest marathons. One day, he said, he'll maybe even make the Paralympics.
For those who might be following his journey, he hopes they will take some lessons from his story. "There will be ups and downs but the trend is what's important. Focus on the good," he said. "'And also, take your big problems and split them into small solutions. And then all of a sudden, your big problems turn into many small wins."
9．What can we learn about Rome Leykin from paragraph 2
A．He made hand cycling more popular among the disabled.
B．He considered hand cycling difficult in the beginning.
C．He once was an excellent basketball player.
D．He showed an interest in hand cycling the moment he saw it.
10．How did Rome Leykin feel about the coming marathon
A．Nervous. B．Worried. C．Confident. D．Curious.
11．Which of the following can best describe Rome Leykin
A．Open-minded and creative. B．Kind-hearted and helpful.
C．Easy-going and reliable. D．Strong-willed and ambitious.
12．What message does Rome Leykin convey in the last paragraph
A．Focus on your strengths.
B．Break down your goals.
C Achieve success at all costs D. Stick to your dreams.
阅读理解
Automation was a hot topic. Nearly everyone agreed that people would be working less once computers and other kinds of automatic machinery became widespread. For optimists, this was a promise of liberation: At last humanity would be freed from constant toil, and we could all devote our days to more refined pursuits. But others saw a threat: Millions of people would be thrown out of work, and desperate masses would roam the streets. Looking back from 50 years hence, the controversy over automation seems a quaint and curious episode. The dispute was never resolved.
A. J. Hayes, a leader （and no relation to me）, wrote in 1964: Automation is not just a new kind of mechanization but a revolutionary force capable of overturning our social order. Whereas mechanization made workers more efficient--and thus more valuable--automation threatens to make them superfluous（过剩的）--and thus without value. The opinions I have cited here represent extreme positions, and there were also many milder views. But I think it's fair to say that most early students of automation, including both critics and enthusiasts, believed the new technology would lead us into a world where people worked much less.
As for economic consequences, worries about unemployment have certainly not gone away--not with job losses in the current recession approaching 2 million workers in our country alone. But recent job losses are commonly attributed to causes other than automation, such as competition from overseas or a roller-coaster financial system. In any case, the vision of a world where machines do all the work and people stand idly by has simply not come to pass.
The spread of automation outside of the factory has altered its social and economic impact in some curious ways. In many cases, the net effect of automation is not that machines are doing work that people used to do. Instead we've dispensed with the people who used to be paid to run the machines, and we've learned to run them ourselves. These trends contradict almost all the expectations of early writers on automation, both optimists and pessimists. So far, automation has neither liberated us from the need to work nor deprived us of the opportunity to work. Instead, we're working more than ever.
What about trades closer to my own vital interests Will science be automated Technology already has a central role in many areas of research; for example, genome sequences could not be read by traditional lab-bench methods. Replacing the scientist will presumably be a little harder than replacing the lab technician, but when a machine exhibits enough curiosity and tenacity, I think we'll just have to welcome it as a companion in zealous research. And if the scientist is elbowed aside by an automaton, then surely the science writer can't hold out either. I'm ready for my 15-hour workweek.
13．In Paragraph 1, the writer mainly wants to convey that ____.
A．automation brings in much convenience in life
B．automation results in unemployment on
C．the issue of automation is still in discussion
D．automation does more harm than good
14．According to A. J. Hayes, we can infer ____.
A．the disadvantages of automation far outweigh the advantages
B．automation is a revolutionary force to better development
C．the new technology would lead people into working much less
D．automation is more valuable than what we imagine
15．What does the underlined word possibly mean
A．Set…free from. B．Bring…into.
C．Put…down for. D．Take…away from.
16．What can we conclude from this passage
A．Traditional labor force will be replaced in the near future.
B．Automation results in more job losses in the writer's country.
C．Automation should be accepted reasonably in development.
D．People needn't work so hard due to automation.
阅读理解
The ebike has become an essential item, and even the King has been spotted riding one. According to the market research company Mintel, sales have almost tripled over the past five years. While ebikes have become increasingly commonplace, they are still undeniably expensive. You can pick up a perfectly adequate push bike for 300, but most ebikes cost nearly 2,000.Now, Cycling Electric, designed to help consumers choose an ebike, offers the following recommendations.
Best folding bike
Carbo Model X
Price: 2,799| Weight: 13.3kg
Range: up to 34 miles
This is one of the most convenient bikes, from a little-known label. The lightweight Carbo X is the perfect example of convenience thanks to its carbon frame and belt drive, instead of a metal bike chain. This makes it lighter and less likely to get messy than an electric Brompton, with its more traditional, oily chain.
Most stylish
Temple Cycles Classic
Price: from 2,995 | Weight: 19kg
Range: up to 74 miles
This Bristol-based brand is known for its elegant pushbikes, which are hand-built in the city. This is its electric version. It's a very sleek and functional commuter option and not too heavy. Temples have fewer proprietary（品牌专卖的）parts and so are serviceable in any bike shop. Stylish as they may be, the VanMoofs and the Cowboys can be a bit more complex to get back-up and service.
The money-no-object option
Riese & Müller Nevo4 GT Vario GX
Price: 5,380|Weight: 28.4kg
Range: up to 93 miles
This is a prime example of the attention to detail delivering a high-quality experience in functionality, comfort and practicality-if you can afford it. It has the capacity to handle 25kg of luggage in a pannier, powerful road lights and a beautifully smooth motor.
17．What is the advantage of the Temples over other stylish ebike brands
A．They are more lightweight.
B．They have easier access to service.
C．They have more functions.
D．They are more comfortable.
18．Which ebike will a consumer probably choose, who cares most about an excellent experience
A．Carbo ModelX.
B．The VanMoofs and the Cowboys.
C．Riese & Müller Nevo4 GT Vario GX.
D．Temple Cycles Classic.
19．Where is the text probably taken from
A．An online post. B．An official document.
C．A market research report. D．A magazine column.
阅读理解
The success of many North American crops partly depends on ground beetles, small insects that eat pests and weed seeds that could otherwise damage crops. But a new study by researchers in the U. S. and Canada suggests not all of the nearly 2,000 species of ground beetles found in North America will survive climate change. Some could decline. And that could have a far-reaching impact on agriculture, forestry, and conservation.
By analyzing data on 136 different ground beetle species across continental North America, Puerto Rico and Hawaii, the researchers found that a species' chance of success in a changing climate depends on several important factors, such as its habitat preference, body size, and whether it flies, climbs or runs.
"We found that less mobile, nonflying ground beetles, which are critical pest control agents, are more likely to decline over time in a warmer, dryer climate," said Tong Qiu, who led the study. "That means you're going to have more pests that can impact agricultural and forest ecosystems." But there is reason for hope, Qiu added, because the analysis also showed that habitat conservation can lessen these effects and reverse the trends in some areas.
"We hope conservation biologists will use this information and the online map that we created to better manage habitats for insects in general. Ground beetles are very beneficial to ecosystems, but they're largely invisible to the average person. In this paper we're showing the broad impacts they have on whole communities in forested and agricultural ecosystems," said Qiu.
The researchers used ground beetle count data from the National Science Foundation's National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) and from 11 previously published studies to measure and map the beetles' distribution across North America. Habitat information, such as the location of gap s in forest canopies and the density of plants on a forest floor, was obtained by using NEON's imaging instruments to create detailed three-dimensional images of landscapes. They then entered the data collected into a computer model to simulate (模拟) climate changes to study how the insects would respond.
20．What does the new study in North America show
A．The survival of ground beetles only depends on its habitat.
B．Some ground beetles will not survive a climate change.
C．Pests could destroy crops.
D．Some ground beetles will destroy crops in a warmer climate.
21．What does Tong Qiu intend to convey in paragraphs 3 and 4
A．Ground beetles will become less mobile in a warmer climate.
B．There is no way to stop the decline of ground beetles.
C．Critical pests are more adaptable in a warmer, drier climate.
D．The importance of ground beetles should be widely recognized.
22．How did the research team carry out the study
A．By analyzing data. B．By performing experiments.
C．By studying documents. D．By doing field research.
23．What can be the best title for the text
A．New Breakthrough in Biodiversity Research
B．A Catastrophic Climate Change on the Way
C．Crop-saving Beetles under Climate Threat
D．North American Agriculture Crops at Risk
阅读理解
Feel exhausted after a party Rather see one close friend than a group of acquaintances Enjoy your own company In our world, that makes you an introvert (内向的人). However, there's another possible explanation—vertical attachment. If you are closer to your parents and family members than to your peers, you are vertically attached, which means you rely more on family for comfort.
If you are closer to your peers, then you are peer attached. We live in a peer-oriented world. We believe that having lots of friends means that we are well-adjusted. We put our kids in playgroups and daycare for peer interaction. We expect teenagers to want to hang out with their friends, thinking it is the natural way of things.
Result Generations often feel worlds apart. We use different language, dress, and technology apps. Even if multiple generations are invited to the same party, the kids go to the basement playroom while the parents stay upstairs.
Vertically-attached individuals can feel out of place in this context, demonstrating the traces of introversion. Will they be exhausted after a party with same-aged acquaintances Absolutely. Would they rather spend time with one close friend Sure. Do they enjoy alone time Yes, more than they enjoy time fitting in with peers.
It's normal that many people need alone time to recharge. However, vertically-attached people often label themselves as introverted. They feel insecure that others have more friends and live richer lives. They claim that their family attachments arise from their loved ones being stuck with them.
If you feel these insecurities, know that there is nothing wrong with you, and you are not missing out on anything. Your attachment style is just different from the culture where you live. Have confidence in the strength of the relationships you have, whether it is with a mom who feels more like a best friend, or a grandmother with whom you can share anything. They are meaningful, enriching relationships, even if they look different from the cultural norm.
24．Who is vertically attached according to the text
A．Mike, who feels at ease with his teachers.
B．Maggie, who enjoys film time alone at weekends.
C．Tom, who feels burnt out after a family get-together.
D．Lisa, who often turns to her dad when things are hard.
25．What is the popular belief among parents
A．Younger generations should be self-disciplined.
B．Being sociable is a desired quality for their children.
C．Their children need more friends than they themselves do.
D．Different generations should have different circles of acquaintances.
26．What advice is given to vertically-attached people
A．Be that as it may, just leave it as it is.
B．Never underestimate your inner power.
C．Hang out more with friends and adjust to it.
D．Treat others the way you want to be treated.
27．What is the author's attitude towards vertically-attached people
A．Sympathetic. B．Objective. C．Unconcerned. D．Critical.
阅读理解
A new study conducted by researchers from the University of Bath illustrates that flowering plants escaped relatively unharmed from the mass extinction that killed the dinosaurs 66 million years ago. While they suffered some species loss, the devastating event helped flowering plants become the dominant type of plant they are today.
Numerous mass extinctions have occurred throughout Earth's history, the most famous caused by an asteroid (小行星) hit 66 million years ago. The Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) extinction event wiped out at least 75% of all species on Earth, including the dinosaurs, but until now it has been unclear what kind of impact it had on flowering plants.
Plants do not have skeletons (骨骼) or exoskeletons like most animals, meaning fossils are relatively rare compared to animals, making it very difficult to understand the timeline of evolution from fossil evidence alone.
Dr. Jamie Thompson of the Milner Centre for Evolution and Dr. Santiago Ramírez-Barahona of Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México analyzed evolutionary "trees" constructed from changes in the DNA sequences (顺序) of up to 73,000 living species of flowering plants—angiosperms (被子植物). Using complex statistical methods, they fitted "birth-death" models to estimate the rates of extinction throughout geological time.
While the fossil record shows that many species did disappear, the ancestry to which they belong, such as families and orders, survived enough to flourish and then dominate. Evidence suggests that the vast majority of angiosperms families around today existed before the K-Pg event, of which some once shared Earth with the dinosaurs. Dr. Thompson said, "After most of Earth's species became extinct at K-Pg, angiosperms took the advantage, similar to the way in which mammals took over after the dinosaurs, and now pretty much all life on Earth depends on flowering plants ecologically."
So what made them tough enough to survive despite being immobile and relying on the sun for energy Dr. Ramírez-Barahona said, "Flowering plants have a remarkable ability to adapt. They use a variety of seed-dispersal and pollination (授粉) mechanisms. Some have copied their entire genomes and others have evolved new ways to make use of solar energy."
28．What does the underlined word "devastating" in Paragraph 1 mean
A．Depressing. B．Destructive. C．Degrading. D．Delicate.
29．How did the two scientists conduct their research
A．By studying fossil. B．By analyzing skeletons.
C．By building data models. D．By observing living species.
30．What can we learn from the passage
A．Flowering plants once coexisted with dinosaurs on Earth.
B．Mammals took advantage of the dinosaurs in the evolution.
C．Dinosaurs disappeared because of an asteroid hit 66 billion years ago.
D．Without fossil evidence, the timeline of the plants' evolution is unclear.
31．What can be the best title of the passage
A．Nature's True Survivors B．The K-Pg Event
C．The Plants' Narrow Escape D．Dinosaurs' Failure in Evolution
答案解析部分
【答案】1．A
2．A
3．D
4．C
【答案】5．C
6．D
7．C
8．A
【答案】9．D
10．C
11．D
12．B
【答案】13．C
14．B
15．D
16．C
【答案】17．B
18．C
19．D
【答案】20．B
21．D
22．A
23．C
【答案】24．D
25．B
26．A
27．B
【答案】28．B
29．C
30．A
31．A
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