初中英语被动语态课件

课件85张PPT。被动语态the Passive Voice被动语态基本用法
当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be+ （及物动词）过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。温馨提示： 只有及物动词才有被动语态，不及物动词如：come, go, happen, take place, 等没有被动语态。 eg. Great changes have taken place in this town in the past ten years. [7]. Many people ___ during the earthquake in May, 2008.
A. were died
B. dead
C. diedhappen, last, die等动词不使用被动.1.规则动词的过去分词：1)一般情况在动词原形后加-edwatch---watched2)以不发音e结尾的加-dpractice---practiced3)以辅音加y结尾的，去y变i加-edstudy---studied4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母， 先双写该辅音字母，再加-edstop---stopped2.不规则动词的过去分词：amisarebeenhavehashaddodonewritewrittengogone一：英语的谓语动词有两种语态We speak English.主语谓语宾语English is spoken by us.主语谓语宾语主动语态：
宾语提前主语变，
原主变宾by后见，
时态人称be关键。1. They make shoes in that factory.
主语+及物动词+宾语
Shoes are made (by them) in that factory.
变为被动语态一般现在时被动结构：
am/is /are +过去分词His brother washes bowls every day.主谓宾(受动者)Bowls are washedbyhis brother every day.
He rides the motorbike to his factory every day.The motorbike is ridden to his factory every day.
We call the snowman Mr. Strong.The snowman is called Mr. Strong.2. They bought ten computers last term．
Ten computers were bought (by them) last term.
一般过去时：S+was/were +过去分词
He bought some fruits yesterday. Some fruits were bought yesterday.3．Amy can take good care of Gina ．Gina can be taken good care of by Amy.
情态动词：
S+ can/may/must/should + be+过去分词
He may carry the basket easily.The basket may be carried by him easily.Our students mustn’t smoke cigarettes.Cigarettes mustn’t be smoked by our students.They can sing some beautiful songs.Some beautiful songs can be sung by them.3. Some workers are painting the rooms now．
The rooms are being painted by some workers now.
现在进行时被动结构：
am/is/are + being +PP
They are holding a sports meeting now.A sports meeting is being held (by them) now.
They are playing volleyball now.Volleyball is being played (by them) now4.She was interviewing the famous man at
this time yesterday.The famous man was being interviewed by her at this time yesterday. 过去进行时被动结构：
was/were + being +PP
He was playing basketball at 8:00 last night.Basketball was being played at 8:00 last night.5.They will finish the work in ten days.
The work will be finished (by them)
in ten days.一般将来时被动结构：
will+ be +过去分词
Tom will clean the room tomorrow.主谓宾(受动者)The roomwill be cleanedbyTom tomorrow.
The girl will finish her homework in twenty minutes.Her homework will be finished( by the girl) in twenty minutes.They are going to have an evening party tomorrow.An evening party is going to be had tomorrow.is/am/are going to + be + pp8.We have made twenty keys．
Twenty keys have been made by us.现在完成时被动结构：
have/has + been+过去分词
Workers have built the house since two years ago.The house has been built since two years ago.各种时态的被动语态构成一般现在时：
一般过去时：
情态动词：
一般将来时：
现在进行时：
现在完成时：
过去进行时：S+am/is /are +P.P
S+was/were +P.P.
S+ can/may/must/should + be+ P.P.
S+ will+be+ P.P.
S+ am/is/are + being + P.P.
S+ have/has + been+ P.P.
S+ was/were+being+ P.P.被动语态的用法1. 不知道动作的执行者是谁。这块手表是中国制造的。
This watch is made in China.
2. 没有必要指出动作的执行者每年都应该种更多的树。
Many trees should be planted every year.何时使用被动语态呢？
3. 需要强调或突出动作的承受者。世界上越来越多的人说汉语。
Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.4. 句子的主语是动作的承受者。许多房屋被冲走了。
Many houses were washed away by the flood.汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等时。例如：
It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and ……
It was reported that her mother died of SARS.
众所周知… … It is well known that coffee is bad for our health.
据推测说… … It is supposed that …四、汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。
例如：
Tina is asked to come by Paul．
Tina是被Paul叫来的。
五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如：
He was born in October，1989． Exercises:
一.选择填空:
Windows of glass.
be made B. is made C. are made
D. been made
2. The house in 2004.
is built B. is building C. was built D. used
3. A coat can for keeping warm.
be used B. is used C. been used D. used
CC A4. Watches____ Shanghai.
A. are made in B. is made
C. are made from D. made
5. This desk is made _____ wood.
A. of B. from C. in D. by
6.The things on show were ____ the old days.
A. used B. used to C. used for D. used in
7. Silk _____ in Hangzhou and Suzhou
A. is produced B. are produced
C. produced D. is produces A A DA1). 不及物动词没有被动语态。 如：belong, happen, take place, last, come true, remain, succeed, fall, die, arrive, 等。 * Great changes have taken place in this city. * That bike doesn’t belong to Mike. 不用被动语态的几种情况：不用被动语态的几种情况：2) 表示静态的及物动词不用被动语态have / fitI have a TV set.The coat fits me well.3）祈使句一般没有被动语态。
【正】Look at the blackboard，please．
【误】The blackboard is looked at by you． 不用被动语态的几种情况：4.系动词没有被动态和进行时态这鱼味道很好。这条围巾摸上去很软。The fish tastes good.The scarf feels soft.5.反身代词在句中作宾语时，不能用被动语态。例如：
【正】You must look after yourself．
【误】Yourself must be looked after 4.某些动词形式是主动，但含有被动的意思。这书很好卖。这种布很好洗。The book sells well.This kind of cloth washes very well.这书卖完了。The book is sold out.注意:约翰打开了收音机。John turned on the radio.The radio was turned on.奶奶照看我姐姐。Grandma takes care of my sister.My sister is taken care of by Grandma.注：千万不要遗漏介词或副词。We must speak to old people politely.Old people must be spoken to politely.四．几种值得注意的被动语态变化．1带复合宾语的被动语态结构．（１）make sb. do sth. sb. be made to do sth.Mr Green made Jim do his homework at home.Jim was made to do his homework by Mr Green at home.watch let have listen to
hear see notice look at一感二听三使四看
feel / hear listen/ make have let/ look see watch notice这十大动词在主动句中动词用原形，但在变为被动语态时必须加上toWe usually hear him play in the next room.He is usually heard to play in the next room.1. I was given a book by him. (间宾作主）
He gave me a book. (变被动）主语谓语间宾直宾
2. A book was given to me by him.2 带双宾语的被动结构My mother bought me a birthday cake. 主语谓语间宾直宾1. I was bought a birthday cake by my mother.2. A birthday cake was bought for me by my
mother.Bob sent Kate a letter last year.=Kate was sent a letter by Bob last year.=A letter was sent to Kate by Bob last year.tell ask bring write
give teach pass lend…toHe told Jim a story.Mum made me a new dress.I was made a new dress by Mum.
A new dress was made for me by Mum.make
buy
draw…forI bought my brother a book.带有双宾语的动词变为被动歌谣：
原句若是双宾语，一变主来一保宾。
间宾要把主语变，原来直宾还是宾。
直宾要把主语变，间宾前加to或for。
变为被动时，间宾前加to 的带有双宾语的动词有：14个
bring, teach, pass, hand, give, lend, refuse,leave, promise, tell, return, show, send , write.变为被动时，间宾前加for 的带有双宾语的动词有：5个
buy, get, do, pay, sing.
2. look,sound,taste,smell等系动词用主动表被动意义。
例： It smells wonderful.
Mooncakes taste delicious.
3. 在be worth doing中,doing表被动意义。
例：This book is worth reading.4. want/need+doing =want/need+to be done
例：My bike needs repairing.
=My bike needs to be repaired.
我的自行车需要修理。
1.People use knives for cutting things.
Knives ______ ______ for cutting things.
2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.
The windows of their classroom______ _______ twice a month.EXERCISES(变被动语态）3.I found the ticket on the floor.
______ ______ ______ ______ on the floor.
4.I told her to return the book in time.
She ______ _______ to return the book in time.5. His doctor made him have only two meals a day.
He ______ _______ _______ _______ only two meals a day.
6.Now people can use computers to help them.
Now computers _______ ______ ______ to help them.7. Did you plant many trees at this time last year?
_______ ______ _______ _______ at this time last time?
8.Must we finish our work today?
_______ our work______ _______ today?9. The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps.
1) _______ ______ _______ some wonderful stamps.
2) Some wonderful stamps _______ ________ _______ _______.10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer.
Tom _______ ________ to turn on the computer.
11.In this factory women do most of the work.
Most of the work _______ ________ by women in this factory.12.He can mend the bike in two days.
The bike ______ ______ _______ in two days.
13.You must take this medicine three times a day.
This medicine _______ _______ ________ three times a day.14.The students study German in this school.
German _______ ________ by the students in this school.
15.Do they often talk about this question?
______ this question often _______ about _______ _______?1)Teenagers should _____ (allow) to go out at night.
2)The telephone _____ (invent) by Bell.
3) English ____ (speak) in China.
4) The car ____ (make) in China.
5) The room must _____ (clean) every day.( ) The flowers ____ every day,or they’ll die.
A must water B can be watered
C should water D must be watered
( ) Many computers will ___ to our school.
A be bring B be brought C bring
?1. If city noises ____ from increasing，people ____ shout
to be heard even at dinner． ??A． are not kept；will have to??B． are not kept；have??? ?C． do not keep；will have to??? ?D． do not keep；have to? ??2. The fifth generation computers, ____and
perfected now. ?A. developed B. have developed ?C. are being developed D. will have been developed?3. --- ____ the sports meet might be put off． ??? --- Yes，it all depends on the weather． ?? ?A． I've been told ??B． I've told ?C． I'm told ???? D． I told
ACA4. I need one more stamp before my collection ___. ?A. has completed ?? B. completes ?C. has been completed ?D. is completed ?5. Rainforests ___ and burned at such a speed
that they will disappear from the earth in the near future. ?A. cut ???? B. are cut ?C. are being cut ??? D. had been cut ?6. The new bridge ___ by the end of last month.? ?A. has been designed??????? ?B. had been designed ?C. was designed ?? ??D. would be designed7. When part of a pencil is in a glass of water,
it looks as if it ____.? ?A. breaks ??? ? B. has broken ?C. was broken???????????? ?D. had been broken ?
DCBC8. Great changes ___ in the city, and a lot of factories ___.?? ?A. have been taken place; have been set up ?B. have taken place; have been set up?C. have taken place; have set up? ?D. were taken place; were set up?9. That suit __ over 60 dollars.?? ?A. had costed? B. costed C. is costed D. cost?10. --- Look! Everything here is under construction. ? ????? --- What’s the pretty small house that __ for??A. is being built ?? B. has been built ?C. is built ?? ?D. is building ?11.--- Do you like the cloth?????? --- Yes, it ___ very soft. ?A. is feeling ? ?B. felt ??C. feels?? ?D. is felt
BDAC12. It is difficult for a foreigner ____ Chinese． ?A． write ???B． to write ?C． to be written? ??D． written ?13. I have no more letters ____ ，thank you． ?A． to type????? ?? B． typing ?C． to be typed? ??D． typed?14. Take care! Don’t drop the ink on your shirt,
for it __ easily. ?A. won’t wash out ?B. won’t be washed out ?C. isn’t washed out ?D. isn’t washing out?15. Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because
the lights happened to ___. ?A. be put up ??B. give in ?C. be turned on ??D. go out
BCAD16. The computers on the table ___ Professor Smith.? ?A. belongs ??? B. are belonged to ?C. belongs to ?? D. belong to?17. --- What do you think of the book????????---Oh, excellent. It’s worth ___ a second time.? ?A. to read ?B. to be read C. reading D. being read?18. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed ___.? ? A. catching ?? B. to be caught ?C. being caught ??D. to catch? ??19. This page needed ___ again.??A. being checked ?B. checked ?C. to check ?? D. to be checked ?20. ___ many times, the boy still didn’t know how to do it.
A. Having taught ? B. Having been taught ?C. taught ??? D. Teaching?
DCCDB[6]. ① Good medicine ___ bitter to the mouth.
A. tastes B. is tasted C. taste
② This pen ___ well.
A. is sold B. sell C. sells感官动词, 和sell等动词用主动语态表被动..思考3: 选择
1.The pen ___well.
A . is written B . writes
2.The music ___ nice.
A . sounds B . is sounded
BA有些动词的主动形式表示被动含义注意问题3：1.read,sell, last, wash, write等带状语
（well, easily)时。如:Her book sells well. 2.感官动词feel, look, smell, sound, taste等与形容词连用时。
如：The cake tastes delicious.
[7]. Many people ___ during the earthquake in May, 2008.
A. were died
B. dead
C. diedhappen, last, die等动词不使用被动.1.It will happen in 50 years. ( )
2.It will be happened in 50 years. ( )注意问题2： 不及物动词没有被动语态，如：
happen, take place , begin , become
dissappear, come out.思考2: 判断下列句子的正误挑战√x[8]. The man ____ clean the toilet because he ___ rubbish when the police walked past the park.
A. was made; was seen to throw
B. was made to; was seen throwing
C. made; saw[9]. Children should ___.
A. take good care of
B. be taken good care
C. be taken good care of固定短语的被动不要丢掉后面的介词或副词[10]. Your desk ___.
A. needs repair
B. needs repairing
C. needs to repairneed, allow 可以用-ing形式表示
被动
need to be done = need doing
be allowed to do = allow doing中考挑战中考被动语态考题
1.The river smells terrible. People must __ dirty thing
into it.(南京市中考题）
A be stopped to throw
B be stopped from throwing
C stop to throw
D stop from throwing

2.This book __ often __from the library.(北京市中考题）
A aren’t; take away B taken away
C isn’t; taken away D be taken away
3.He ____ _____ (tell) to return his books to the library yesterday. (黄冈市中考题）
was told5. Another man-made satellite was sent up into space by them last week (济南市中考题）
—— —— —— another man-made satellite into space last week.变主动语态
7.People there planted many trees last year.
Trees _____ _____ by people there last year.
(青岛市中考题）
8. They grow vegetables on the farm.
The vegetables _______ ______on the farm（上海市中考题）
TThey sent upwere planted are grown