2024成都中考英语试题研究 附录：词性转换规则词 教材词汇默写课件(共13张PPT)

(共13张PPT)
附录：词性转换规则
一、名词变形容词规则
1.名词加-y(包含双写最后一个字母加-y)
(1)与天气相关的词
sun→sunny cloud→cloudy wind→windy
rain→rainy snow→snowy fog→foggy
(2)其他词 (包含去e加-y)
salt→salty noise→noisy health→healthy
2.名词加-ful/-less
meaning→meaningful cheer→cheerful wonder→wonderful
color→colorful peace→peaceful success→successful
3.名词加-al(包含去e加-al)
education→educational nation→national tradition→traditional
person→personal culture→cultural nature→natural
4.名词变为以-ese/-n/-ish/-ch结尾［表示某国人等］
China→Chinese Japan→Japanese America→American
Australia→Australian Asia→Asian Africa→African
Britain→British England→English Spain→Spanish
5.名词加-ern［表示方向］
east→eastern west→western south→southern north→northern
6.名词加-ly(包含变y为i加-ly)
friend→friendly love→lovely month→monthly
week→weekly day→daily
7.名词加-en
wool→woolen wood→wooden gold→golden
8.名词加-able(包含去e加-able)
value→valuable fashion→fashionable knowledge→knowledgeable
9.名词加-ous(包含去e加-ous)
danger→dangerous fame→famous humor→humorous
二、形容词变副词规则
1.一般情况加-ly(包含去e加-ly)
different→differently total→totally final→finally
quick→quickly complete→completely serious→seriously
quiet→quietly wise→wisely great→greatly
2.以-le结尾的变le为ly
possible→possibly probable→probably terrible→terribly
gentle→gently comfortable→comfortably simple→simply
3.以-y结尾的变y为i加-ly
easy→easily happy→happily angry→angrily
heavy→heavily healthy→healthily lucky→luckily
三、形容词变名词规则
1.adj. (以y结尾，变y为i)+-ness
happy→happiness kind→kindness sad→sadness
2.adj. (去t)+-ce
different→difference important→importance patient→patience
3.adj.(去e)+-ity/-y
difficult→difficulty active→activity
4.adj.+-er/-r
foreign→foreigner strange→stranger
5.其他
dead→death true→truth high→height
四、动词变名词规则
1.动词加-ion(包含去e加-tion/-ion)或变e为a加-tion
discuss→discussion protect→protection celebrate→celebration
educate→education introduce→introduction invite→invitation
pollute→pollution suggest→suggestion act→action
2.动词加-ment(包含去e加-ment)
achieve→achievement
(dis)agree→(dis)agreement develop→development
treat→treatment advertise→advertisement argue→argument
3.动词加-ing(包含双写最后一个字母或去e加-ing)
begin→beginning build→building end→ending
feel→feeling cook→cooking draw→drawing
4.动词加-(e)r(包含双写最后一个字母加-er)
love→lover clean→cleaner dance→dancer
design→designer drive→driver lead→leader
5.特殊情况
choose→choice decide→decision conclude→conclusion
die→death marry→marriage describe→description
五、动词变形容词规则
1.动词加-ful
forget→forgetful thank→thankful
2.动词加-able(包含去e加-able)
enjoy→enjoyable suit→suitable comfort→comfortable
3.动词加-ed/-ing(包含去e加-ed/-ing)
interest→interested→interesting amaze→amazed→amazing excite→excited→exciting relax→relaxed→relaxing surprise→surprised→surprising scare→scared→scaring
4.动词加-ive(包含去e加-ive)
act→active create→creative
5.动词加前缀a-
live→alive sleep→asleep wake→awake
6.动词词尾变y为i加-ed
worry→worried marry→married satisfy→satisfied
7.特殊情况
die→dead lose→lost sleep→sleepy
speak→spoken taste→tasty break→broken