Unit 5 Into the unknown
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Where are the speakers
A.In a club.
B.In a store.
C.On the playground.
2.How does the woman usually go to work
A.By bus.
B.On foot.
C.By underground.
3.When will the ship probably leave
A.At 7:05.
B.At 6:40.
C.At 6:15.
4.What do we know about the man
A.He is a university student.
B.He is mistaken.
C.He is waiting for the news.
5.What does the woman want the man to do tomorrow
A.Order a part.
B.Repair her car.
C.Give her a ride.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.When are the speakers going to start their trip
A.At 6:00.
B.At 7:00.
C.At 8:00.
7.What will the man bring with him
A.A sweater.
B.A coat.
C.A jacket.
听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
8.What kind of room does the man want
A.A suite facing the sea.
B.A room with a bathroom.
C.A single room with an ocean view.
9.How much will the man pay for the hotel in all
A.$280. B.$560. C.$840.
听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。
10.What are the speakers mainly talking about
A.Taking pictures.
B.Selling cameras.
C.Developing films.
11.What do we know about the woman’s camera
A.It is a little large.
B.It is easy to operate.
C.It is very expensive.
12.What will the man probably do after the conversation
A.Have his film developed.
B.Take a picture of the woman.
C.Find out the price of the camera.
听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。
13.What was the woman planning to learn when they last met
A.Law.
B.Business.
C.Medicine.
14.What made the woman change her mind
A.The great need for doctors in China.
B.Learning law can be hard work.
C.That there are too many layers.
15.What language is the man learning
A.Chinese. B.English. C.French.
16.What’s the possible relationship between the speakers
A.Teacher and student.
B.Mother and son.
C.Friends.
听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
17.What was Steve doing the first time the speaker met him
A.Working in his office.
B.Swimming in the pool.
C.Attending a party.
18.Where was Steve when the speaker saw him the next time
A.In their neighbourhood.
B.In the school classroom.
C.In the street.
19.Why was the speaker feeling a little surprised
A.Steve’s decorating the house.
B.Steve’s playing with his son.
C.Steve knew her name.
20.What does the speaker think of Steve
A.He was not easy to get along with.
B.He was a good neighbour.
C.He was a great teacher.
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Honors Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology(HPBMB) is offered to mature high school seniors with strong academic ability and achievement who seek careers in biological or biomedical science.Students can earn both a Bachelor of Science(B.S.) and a Doctor of Philosophy Degree(Ph.D.) in approximately 6 years.
Applicants to the Honors Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology must be in their last year of high school.
Undergraduates will have the opportunity to work with top-level research scientists in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and also in clinical laboratories with scientists that are associated with the department.They will conduct intensive laboratory work in the areas of biochemistry,molecular biology or nutritional biochemistry starting in the summer before their first fall semester starts.By spring of their junior year;students will prepare an undergraduate thesis as preparation for their entry into graduate school.At that time,they will start taking graduate courses and continue to do research with a graduate faculty member.
To be considered students must:
have a combined SAT Ⅰ score of 1400(combined Math and Critical Reading scores)
meet the SAT Ⅱ score requirement of at least 600 in Math,and one science(Biology,Chemistry or Physics)
have completed eight semesters of English and mathematics and two semesters each of Biology and Chemistry by the time they graduate from high school
complete all components of your Common Application for undergraduate admission by November 1 of your senior year
complete a supplemental application form for the Honors Program in Bio chemistry & Molecular Biology
include a counselor recommendation,three letters of recommendation from teachers in support,of your application to the Honors Program and a personal statement
Send all Dual Admission Honors Program application materials to:
Dual Admission Honors Programs
Office of Admission
University of Miami
P.O.Box 248025
Coral Gables,FL 33124-4616
Fax number:(513)529-7592 (513)529-1950
For more information on the HPBMB,contact:
Dr.Thomas K.Harris
Director,Undergraduate and Medical Education
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Office:Gautier Building,Room 111
Phone:305-243-3358
21.What can we learn from the passage
A.First-year students in a high school can apply for the program.
B.It’s possible for graduates to obtain both a bachelor’s degree and a doctor’s degree.
C.Graduates are promised a chance to work with top biomedical scientists.
D.A thesis is not necessary if an undergraduate want to go to graduate school.
22.Which of the following is an unnecessary requirement for application
A.A combined SAT Ⅰ score of 1400.
B.SAT Ⅱ scores of at least 600 in Math and one science.
C.Three letters of recommendation from his teachers.
D.A letter of recommendation from the principal.
23.What’s the purpose of this passage
A.To tell students how to learn well in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology.
B.To introduce a very famous university,the University of Miami.
C.To attract excellent high school graduates to apply for the Honors Program.
D.To give information on how to contact Director of the Honors Program.
B
I’d been thinking of taking a course on scuba-diving(水肺潜水) for months,but wasn’t sure because I was afraid of snakes!Sea snakes.Just thinking about it made me sick.
But then,I wanted to know why people loved it so much.They all said that under the sea was like a totally different world,yet a beautiful one.And because of that,I decided to take the risk and try to face my fear.
So,after taking a private course from my diving instructor,Mbak Vita,I went to Sepa Island with her,to take the final exam.
First dive,12 meters in depth.“What am I doing ” I asked myself.“What if something bad happened ” I tried hard not to panic and told myself to keep a good thought,“It’s gonna be a wonderful experience.Just do it!” Then I went down.My heart beat fast and my ears hurt as I went deeper.I followed Vita’s instructions closely until I felt comfortable to explore the sea.
Suddenly all around me was green.It felt like I was living in a green world!I saw some corals(珊瑚),big ones,and lots of beautiful fish hiding in the sand.
I was enjoying the beauty all around me when my instructor waved at me with her hand holding a pink flipper(橡胶蹼).“That flipper looks familiar,” I thought.Yes!That was my flipper!I didn’t realize that my right flipper had managed to get away from my right foot!
So,that was the first dive.In total,we dove 5 times in 2 days.We managed to dive up to 18 meters in depth.The next dives were smooth and for sure I didn’t lose my flipper!I was so happy to see different types of fish swimming in front of me as if I was invisible(不可见的).It was indeed so beautiful and peaceful down there.Now I can see why people love diving under the sea.
24.How did the author feel about learning scuba-diving at first
A.Uncertain. B.Excited.
C.Comfortable. D.Disappointed.
25.What does the underlined word “panic” in paragraph 4 mean
A.Feel tired and sleepy.
B.Keep cool and relaxed.
C.Keep quiet and patient.
D.Feel nervous and worried.
26.What happened during the author’s first dive
A.She saw a sea snake.
B.A flipper fell off her foot.
C.The sea water turned green.
D.She lost her instructor in the sea.
27.What would be the best title for the text
A.A pleasant trip to the beach
B.My first experience with scuba-diving
C.Why a person starts scuba-diving
D.How scuba-diving affects my life
C
A blue hole is a special kind of underwater cave found inland or in the sea,which forms when the earth above a cave falls in and water fills the space.
An inland blue hole’s water is very still and has different layers.A layer of fresh rainwater floats on top of salt water;the fresh water keeps oxygen from the atmosphere from reaching the salt water;brightly colored bacteria live where the two layers meet.
Diving into blue holes is extremely dangerous.Near the top of the blue hole,there is a layer of toxic gas,which causes itching,dizziness,and—in large amounts—death.Divers must also be fast.They have to get in and out of a cave before their oxygen runs out.Additionally,divers have to follow a guideline as they swim through a blue hole because it is very dark inside.Without the guideline,they may get lost.
If blue holes are so dangerous,why do explorers and scientists risk their lives to explore them The reason is that these underwater caves can provide valuable scientific information.They provide clues about geology,archaeology,and biology.For example,some blue hole creatures,such as the remipede,probably haven’t changed for millions of years.
The blue holes could even provide clues about astrobiology.For example,divers have found bacteria there that can live without oxygen.Astrobiologist Kevin Hand says the bacteria may be similar to forms of life that might exist on Jupiter’s fourth largest moon,Europa.“Our study of life’s extremes on Earth,” he says,“can help increase our understanding of habitable environments off Earth.”
In addition,the oxygen-free environment of the blue holes preserves bones of humans and animals that fell into the caves long ago.By studying blue holes,we can understand what life was like in prehistoric times.As cave diver Kenny Broad says,“I can think of no other environment on Earth that is so challenging to explore and gives us back so much scientifically.”
28.What’s the main idea of paragraph 1
A.The structure of a blue hole.
B.The location of a blue hole.
C.The formation of a blue hole.
D.The definition of a blue hole.
29.Where can bright-colored bacteria be found
A.In the saltwater layer.
B.In the freshwater layer.
C.In between the freshwater and saltwater layers.
D.In both of the freshwater and saltwater layers.
30.Which of the following best explains the underlined word
A.The study of life on Earth.
B.The study of life in the universe.
C.The study of life in prehistoric times.
D.The study of life in oxygen-free environment.
31.Which of the following can best describe blue holes
A.They’re oxygen-free and lifeless.
B.They’re poisonous and dark.
C.They’re death zones and mazelike.
D.They’re free of air and light.
D
Can you trust your very first childhood memories Maybe not,a new study suggests.
Past researches show that people’s earliest memories typically form around 3 to 3.5 years of age.But in a recent survey of more than 6,600 people,British scientists have found that 39 percent of participants claimed to have memories from age 2 or younger.These first memories are likely false,the researchers said.This was particularly the case for middle-aged and older adults.
For the study,researchers asked participants to describe their first memory and the age at which it occurred.Participants were told they had to be sure the memory was the one that had happened.For example,it shouldn’t be based on a photograph,a family story or any source other than direct experiences.Then the researchers examined the content,language and descriptive details of these earliest memories and worked out the likely reasons why people would claim to have memories from an age when memories cannot form.
As many of these memories dated before the age of 2,this suggests they were not based on actual facts,but facts or knowledge about their babyhood or childhood from photographs or family stories.Often these false memories are fired by a part of an early experience,such as family relationships or feeling sad,the researchers explained.
“We suggest that what a rememberer has in mind when recalling fictional early memories is...a mental representation consisting of remembered pieces of early experiences and some facts or knowledge about their own babyhood or childhood,” study author Shania Kantar said in a journal news release,“Additionally,further details may be unconsciously inferred or added.Such memory-like mental representations come over time,to be collectively experienced when they come to mind,so for the individual,they quite simply are memories,which particularly point to babyhood.”
“Importantly,the person remembering them doesn’t know this is fictional,” study co-author Martin Conway said “In fact,when people are told that their memories are false they often don’t believe it.”
32.What can we learn from a recent study
A.Memories form after the age of 3.
B.Participants are good at telling stories.
C.Adults are likely to form false memories.
D.Earliest memories may play a trick on us.
33.Which source did the researchers require for the earliest memories
A.A direct experience.
B.A family story.
C.A family photo.
D.A sad feeling.
34.What are these fictional early memories according to Kantar
A.They are repeated mental representations.
B.They are a collection of early experiences.
C.They are a combination of both facts and fictions.
D.They are further details of remembered experiences.
35.Which part of a newspaper is this text probably taken from
A.Society. B.Psychology.
C.Technology. D.Health.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Science is a mental toolbox for solving problems. 36 And they are powerful and useful in everyday life.Today,we open the toolbox:how scientists think,and how you can borrow their tricks.
Start with an open mind.Being open-minded means that when we are asked a question,scientific thinking requires us to admit that we often simply don’t know the answer. 37 If the evidence changes and you don’t change your mind,that’s not a good spot to be in.
Accept uncertainty.Scientists always accept that there are things they don’t know,and things they simply cannot know for sure. 38 It allows you to make better decisions because you’re taking the uncertainty into account.Science says it’s OK to wait for evidence before coming to a conclusion.
39 Go and do your research.Pull together all the data—stuff that agrees with your argument and stuff that refutes(驳斥) it.Consider everything,rather than focusing on a single point.Then,for each piece of data,consider the quality of the evidence.
Develop a hypothesis(假设).A hypothesis is a theory about the world—a guess.Ask yourself:Which of my theories best explains the data I have gathered Start with the most likely explanation and test it. 40
A.Collect your data.
B.Focus on your argument.
C.The tools are simpler than you would think.
D.Accepting you don’t know things isn’t a sign of weakness.
E.There is no point in having a theory that can’t be proven false.
F.It also means not holding on to a belief when the evidence changes.
G.If you can prove it wrong,move on to the next most likely explanation.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Three years ago,a group of researchers at Cornell University’s Food and Brand Lab had a guess.They knew that many apples being 41 to kids as part of the National School Lunch Program were ending up in the trash,almost untouched.But unlike others,they wondered if the reason was more complicated than simply that the kids didn’t want the 42 .
They thought the fact that the apples were being served 43 ,rather than sliced(切成片的),was doing the fruit no favor.And they wanted to 44 this idea.
They carried out a pilot study(初步研究) at eight 45 and found that fruit consumption 46 by more than 60 percent when apples were served sliced.They 47 made a follow-up study at six other schools,which not only showed the same result,but further 48 it.Both the overall apple consumption and the percentage of students who ate more than half of the apple served to them were more than 70 percent higher at schools that served 49 apples.
Based on these 50 ,it seems that even the simplest forms of 51 can influence us.Sliced apples just make more sense for kids.The hardest part is getting kids to start eating fruit,and that’s exactly why sliced apples are the way to go.A child holding a whole apple has to break the skin,eat around the core(果核),and 52 the inconvenience of holding a large fruit.These 53 might seem silly or unimportant,but they’re important when you’re 54 teeth or have braces(牙箍),as so many kids do.
It’s one of those situations where what seems like a really 55 inconvenience actually makes a huge difference.
41.A.sold B.served C.delivered D.shown
42.A.attention B.lunch C.fruit D.program
43.A.whole B.ready C.alone D.unwashed
44.A.present B.share C.prove D.try
45.A.restaurants B.colleges C.cities D.schools
46.A.decreased B.jumped C.reached D.slowed
47.A.even B.instead C.already D.then
48.A.denied B.supported C.impressed D.described
49.A.sliced B.delicious C.juicy D.fresh
50.A.plans B.guesses C.methods D.results
51.A.reward B.advice C.inconvenience D.decision
52.A.deal with B.think about C.look into D.point out
53.A.studies B.problems C.ideas D.worries
54.A.brushing B.cleaning C.missing D.counting
55.A.small B.serious C.obvious D.public
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A cruise ship 56. (carry) 456 people capsized(翻) on the Yangtze River in China’s Hubei Province.Officials say so far only 15 people 57. (survive).58. is reported that the ship sank within a few 59. (minute),while many people were asleep.Most of those 60. board were tourists aged between 50 and 80 travelling from the eastern city of Nanjing to Chongqing.There is no doubt 61. for some of those on the Eastern Star it would have been the trip of a lifetime.One survivor,62. tour guide said the ship began to shake 63. (violent) and capsized all of a sudden.A 65-year-old woman was among those 64. (save) from the ship by brave divers.She said she tried to hold on to 65. she could find to keep her head above water in the darkness until divers came to her rescue.
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你校英语社团将组织一次观看中国太空探索纪录片(documentary)的活动。请你用英语写一则通知,内容包括:
1.活动目的;
2.活动内容;
3.欢迎参加。
注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请在相应位置作答。
Notice
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The English Club
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Early one weekend morning,I was sleeping like a log when the telephone rang.It was Grandma.She invited us to her home in the countryside.After a quick breakfast,Dad and I drove to Grandma’s.
Once we arrived,we were both thrilled by the breathtaking landscape.The plum trees in the backyard were ripe with fruit,while millions of wildflowers colored the valley.Grandma prepared delicious lunch including her special homemade apple jam,which was my favorite.Talking and laughing,we didn’t even notice that it was late in the afternoon,though somewhat cooler than it had been that morning.Grandma suggested that we take her homemade wooden boat for a tour along the nearby river.
Seated in the boat,looking up at the sky,I felt like the clouds were greeting us cheerfully from above.In the vast fields,the golden trees were like brides in the sun.The breeze skimmed over the surface of the field,carrying the sweet smell of the flowers.“It is so nice to spend some quality time with family,”Dad murmured.“It feels like we’re on an adventure,”I added.“It’s been so much fun!”
While we were admiring the splendid setting around us,the weather started getting hot and humid again.At first,we ignored this change,but when Dad looked up at the sky,he saw dark,low clouds were approaching us.Then a fierce gale(大风) sprang up.Lightning flashed within the black clouds,followed by a roar of thunder.“Row!” Dad shouted,trembling.“A tornado(龙卷风)is coming!”
注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式作答。
There was no time to think.We rowed as fast as we could.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Grandma opened the door for us.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
附:听力原文
(Text 1)
M:Excuse me,I’m looking for a volleyball.Where can I find sporting goods
W:Sporting goods are on the second floor,right next to the lift.
(Text 2)
M:How do you usually go to work,Miss Brown Do you take a bus or underground,or a train
W:Well,I always walk there because I live quite near.
(Text 3)
M:The ship leaves in 25 minutes.Let’s hurry,or we will miss it.
W:Really Let me see.Oh,yes,my watch says it’s 6:40 now.
(Text 4)
M:Congratulations!I know you have been admitted to a famous university.
W:You must be thinking of someone else.I’m still waiting for the good news.
(Text 5)
M:Do you think your car will be ready tonight
W:No,I have to order a part from the factory.Can you pick me up tomorrow
(Text 6)
W:Mr Smith,we are going to visit the Great Wall this Saturday.Would you like to go with us
M:Of course.
W:We’ll go there by car.Could you be ready at 8:00
M:Yes,8:00 will be fine.Shall I take lunch with me or is there a restaurant
W:Never mind about the lunch.We’ll take care of that.Just bring a coat or a sweater along.It’s likely to be windy there at this time of the year.
M:All right.I’ll bring my jacket.
W:Well,I must be off now.I have got to see about the arrangements.See you tomorrow.
M:See you.
(Text 7)
W:This is Golden Gate.What can I do for you
M:I’d like to book a room for three days.
W:What kind of room would you like,sir
M:I’d like a suite with an ocean view.Is there any available
W:Yes,sir.
M:What’s the price of the suite
W:It’s $280 per night.
M:OK,I will take it.By the way,does the price include breakfast
W:Yes,it does.Now could I have your name,please
M:John Black.
W:Thank you,I got it.Goodbye,sir.
M:Bye.
(Text 8)
M:Did you take these pictures
W:Yes.I like to take my camera with me wherever I go.If I see something interesting,I can take a quick picture of it.
M:Carrying a camera around is too much trouble for me.I’d like to use my smart phone.
W:My camera is really small and simple to operate.It uses self-developing film to create a chemically developed print shortly after taking the picture.
M:Well,that’s exactly what I need.Is a camera like yours very expensive
W:Less than you expected.Why not check the prices at Hatfield’s down the street This model was on sale there last week.
M:I think I will.It certainly won’t hurt to take a look.
(Text 9)
M:Hi,Lucy!It’s nice to see you again.
W:You know,Jack,I have been intending to call you for a long time.
M:Me,too.How have you been
W:Pretty good.
M:Last time I saw you,you were planning to go to law school,weren’t you
W:Yes,I was,but as it turned out,I changed my mind.
M:Oh,really What changed your mind
W:Well,the simple reason is that at the moment doctors are badly needed in China,so I’ve decided to go to medical school instead.
M:Medical school That’s very interesting.
W:And how about you Do you still intend to study business
M:No,I have also changed my mind.I’m studying English now.
W:Why
M:If I master the English language well,I’m sure I can do better in the future.
W:Oh,that sounds great!
(Text 10)
I first met Steve years ago at a backyard pool party.I was so confused by getting to meet him in person that I stumbled over my name when we were introduced.I watched as he swam in the pool with his son,like a regular guy,a good dad having fun with his kids.
The next time I met him was when our children started going to school together.He was sitting in the classroom while the rest of us were pretending having Steve Jobs in the room was totally normal.
It was one Halloween when I realised he actually knew my name,which made me a little surprised.Dressed like a monster,he was decorating a scary house with his wife.As I walked by with my son,Steve smiled and said,“Hi,Listen.” My son thought I was the coolest mom in town when he realised Steve Jobs knew me.
From then on,when I saw him holding his meetings in our neighbourhood,I didn’t hesitate to smile and say hi.Steve always returned the greeting,proving that while he may be a genius,he was also a good neighbour.
1.B 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.C 6.C 7.C 8.A 9.C
10.A 11.B 12.C 13.A 14.A 15.B 16.C 17.C 18.B
19.C 20.B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了生物化学与分子生物学(HPBMB)荣誉课程面向具有较强学术能力和成就,寻求生物或生物医学领域职业发展的成熟高中高年级学生的招生计划。
21.B 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Students can earn both a Bachelor of Science(B.S.) and a Doctor of Philosophy Degree(Ph.D.) in approximately 6 years.”可知,毕业生有可能同时获得学士学位和博士学位。故选B项。
22.D 细节理解题。根据第四段中第一条“have a combined SAT Ⅰ score of 1400(combined Math and Critical Reading scores)”,第二条“meet the SAT Ⅱ score requirement of at least 600 in Math,and one science(Biology,Chemistry or Physics)”和第六条“include a counselor recommendation,three letters of recommendation from teachers in support,of your application to the Honors Program and a personal statement”可知,校长的推荐信是不必要的申请要求。故选D项。
23.C 推理判断题。根据第一段开头“The Honors Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology(HPBMB) is offered to mature high school seniors with strong academic ability and achievement who seek careers in biological or biomedical science.”可知,本文写作目的是吸引优秀的高中毕业生申请荣誉课程。故选C项。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者第一次下海潜水的经历。
24.A 细节理解题。由第一段中的“I’d been thinking of taking a course on scuba-diving for months,but wasn’t sure because I was afraid of snakes!”可知,作者对于是否参加潜水课程犹豫不定。故选A项。
25.D 词义猜测题。由画线词前面作者问自己的问题“What am I doing ”和“What if something bad happened ”以及下文中的“keep a good thought”和“Just do it!”可知,作者内心紧张担忧,但要努力克服这种感觉,给自己加油打气。故选D项。
26.B 细节理解题。由第六段可知,作者第一次在海底潜水时,右脚穿的橡胶蹼脱落了。故选B项。
27.B 主旨大意题。作者在文章开头两段介绍了学习潜水的原因:想知道为什么许多人喜爱潜水,为海底世界所痴迷。接下来主要讲述了作者参加完潜水课程,进行第一次实地潜水的经历。可知,短文的最佳标题为“我的第一次水肺潜水经历”。故选B项。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“蓝洞”这一事物,蓝洞是在内陆或海里发现的一种特殊的水下洞穴,它是当洞穴上方的地面塌陷,水充满空间时形成的。
28.D 主旨大意题。根据第一段“A blue hole is a special kind of underwater cave found inland or in the sea,which forms when the earth above a cave falls in and water fills the space.”可知,第一段的主旨是蓝洞的定义。故选D项。
29.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A layer of fresh rainwater floats on top of salt water;the fresh water keeps oxygen from the atmosphere from reaching the salt water;brightly colored bacteria live where the two layers meet.”可知,在淡水和咸水层之间可以找到颜色鲜艳的细菌。故选C项。
30.B 词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“For example,divers have found bacteria there that can live without oxygen.”以及“‘Our study of life’s extremes on Earth,’ he says,‘can help increase our understanding of habitable environments off Earth.’”可知,蓝洞甚至可以提供有关宇宙生命的研究的线索。故画线词意思是“宇宙生命的研究”。故选B项。
31.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Diving into blue holes is extremely dangerous.Near the top of the blue hole,there is a layer of toxic gas,which causes itching,dizziness,and—in large amounts—death.Divers must also be fast.They have to get in and out of a cave before their oxygen runs out.Additionally,divers have to follow a guideline as they swim through a blue hole because it is very dark inside.”可知,蓝洞有毒且黑暗。故选B项。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了最新研究表明,最初的记忆可能是错误的,中年人和老年人尤其如此。
32.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“These first memories are likely false,the researchers said.”可知我们能从最近的一项研究中得知最早的记忆可能会捉弄我们,故选D项。
33.A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Participants were told they had to be sure the memory was the one that had happened.For example,it shouldn’t be based on a photograph,a family story or any source other than direct experiences.”可知,研究人员需要直接的经历来获得最早的记忆,故选A项。
34.C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“‘We suggest that what a rememberer has in mind when recalling fictional early memories is...a mental representation consisting of remembered pieces of early experiences and some facts or knowledge about their own babyhood or childhood,’study author Shania Kantar said in a journal news release...”推断出,Kantar认为这些虚构的早期记忆是事实和虚构的结合,故选C项。
35.B 推理判断题。文章主要讲了最新研究表明,最初的记忆可能是错误的,中年人和老年人尤其如此。由此推断出,这篇文章可能取自报纸的心理学版块,故选B项。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。科学是解决问题的精神工具,它们在日常生活中是强大并有用的。文章阐述了科学家思考的方式以及如何利用科学工具解决问题。
36.C 上文“Science is a mental toolbox for solving problems.”说明科学是解决问题的工具,C项中的“tools”与之呼应,C项引出下文,说明这些工具可以应用到日常生活中,其实要比想象中简单。故选C项。
37.F 上文“Being open-minded means that when we are asked a question,scientific thinking requires us to admit that we often simply don’t know the answer.”说明科学思维要求我们思想开放,接受我们不知道的答案,F项中的“not holding on to a belief”与“admit that we often simply don’t know the answer”一致,F项与上文是并列关系,且F项中的“the evidence changes”与下文的“the evidence changes”呼应。故选F项。
38.D 根据标题“Accept uncertainty.”可知,本段讲述接受不确定性。下文“It allows you to make better decisions because you’re taking the uncertainty into account.”解释接受不知道的事情并不是软弱的表现的原因。故选D项。
39.A 空格处是段落标题。根据下文“Pull together all the data—stuff that agrees with your argument and stuff that refutes it.Consider everything,rather than focusing on a single point.Then,for each piece of data,consider the quality of the evidence.”可推断,本段讲述收集数据。故选A项。
40.G 上文“Start with the most likely explanation and test it.”讲述证明假设从最可能的解释开始验证,G项中的“the next most likely explanation”呼应上文。故选G项。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。作者通过讲述三年前一个研究小组对全国学校午餐计划中提供给孩子的苹果许多都被浪费这一事实背后的原因进行研究和探索的事,表明有时候看似很小的不便却能产生巨大的影响。
41.B 根据下文“as part of the National School Lunch Program”可知,这些苹果是国家学校午餐项目提供给孩子们的。故选B项。
42.C 根据上文“many apples being to kids as part of the National School Lunch Program were ending up in the trash,almost untouched”可知,这些苹果最后被扔进垃圾箱,几乎没有动,因此推断这里说的是孩子们不想要这些水果。故选C项。
43.A 根据下文“rather than sliced”可知,提供的苹果没有切片,是整个的。故选A项。
44.C 根据下文“They carried out a pilot study”可知,他们想要证明他们的想法,进行了初步研究。故选C项。
45.D 根据下文的“at six other schools”可知,研究是在学校里进行的。故选D项。
46.B 根据下文“Both the overall apple consumption and the percentage of students who ate more than half of the apple served to them were more than 70 percent higher at schools that served apples.”可知,苹果的食用量激增了60%以上。故选B项。
47.D 根据下文“made a follow-up study at six other schools”可知,后来他们又进行后续研究。故选D项。
48.B 根据上文“not only showed the same result”可知,后续研究得出了相同的结果,得到了进一步的支持。故选B项。
49.A 根据上文“fruit consumption by more than 60 percent when apples were served sliced”可知,提供切片的苹果,食用量就激增,因此推断在提供切片的苹果的学校里,吃掉整个苹果和半个苹果的食用量提高了70%。故选A项。
50.D 由空前的these和上文的“the same result”可知,此处指代上文提到的研究结果。故选D项。
51.C 根据下文“A child holding a whole apple has to break the skin,eat around the core,and the inconvenience of holding a large fruit.”可知,此处说的是吃整个苹果的不方便之处。故选C项。
52.A 根据下文“the inconvenience of holding a large fruit”可知,孩子在吃整个苹果时要应付拿着一个大水果时的不方便。故选A项。
53.B 上文的“holding a whole apple has to break the skin,eat around the core,and the inconvenience of holding a large fruit”都是一个孩子在吃整个苹果时的问题。故选B项。
54.C 根据下文“or have braces,as so many kids do”可知,此处说的是孩子们失去牙齿或者带着牙箍。故选C项。
55.A 根据上文“it seems that even the simplest forms of can influence us”以及上文内容可知,仅仅是因为苹果没有切片造成的问题就让许多孩子不吃苹果,最后一句是对全文的总结,因此推断此处说的是很小的不方便可能会有大影响。故选A项。
【语篇解读】本文是一则新闻报道。报道主要介绍了“东方之星号”沉船事故。
56.carrying 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,carry用非谓语动词形式作定语,修饰A cruise ship,二者之间是主动关系,用现在分词作定语,故填carrying。
57.have survived 考查动词时态和主谓一致。survive是谓语动词,由时间状语so far可知,用现在完成时,主语15 people是复数,故填have survived。
58.It 考查介词。空格处是形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的主语从句,用形式主语it,故填It。
59.minutes 考查名词的数。minute是可数名词,由a few修饰,用复数,故填minutes。
60.on 考查介词。on board“在船上”,是固定短语,故填on。
61.that 考查名词性从句。分析句子可知,空格处引导同位语从句,解释说明doubt,从句句意完整,成分齐全,用连接词that,无词义,不作成分,仅起引导作用,故填that。
62.a 考查冠词。此处泛指“一位导游”,用不定冠词,tour的发音以辅音音素开头,故填a。
63.violently 考查副词。修饰动词shake用副词作状语,故填violently。
64.saved 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,save作定语,修饰those,二者之间是被动关系,用过去分词作定语,故填saved。
65.what 考查宾语从句。分析句子可知,空格处引导宾语从句,作介词to的宾语,从句缺少find的宾语,用连词what,表示“……的东西”,故填what。
写作
第一节
Notice
To improve students’ awareness of Chinese space exploration knowledge,our school will organize us to watch a documentary about Chinese space exploration.
As scheduled,we are to gather in the lecture hall in our school at 6:50 and the documentary will begin at 7:00.While watching the documentary,everyone shouldn’t chat with others casually or eat snacks.Moreover,don’t forget to take down some notes if necessary.Please do arrive on time.
We are looking forward to your participation.
The English Club
第二节
There was no time to think.We rowed as fast as we could.Although I didn’t dare to look,I could feel the tornado getting closer as hail started to fall,hitting the creaky old boat hard.Chased by the relentless nightmare,I couldn’t afford to let up for a moment.I didn’t even wipe the sweat away as it streamed in my eyes and blurred my view.Finally Grandma’s house appeared before my eyes.We jumped out of the boat and ran towards it.Gasping for breath,we buzzed the doorbell again and again.
Grandma opened the door for us.We dripped water on her floor as we went inside,our shoes and clothes soaked through.Grandma said we needed to find a safer place to ride out the tornado,and we followed her into the cellar.Dad helped close off the entrance while I huddled in the dark corner,quivering from the cold and the fear.We stayed down there,waiting for the tornado to pass over us.We didn’t wait very long,for it was over in a matter of minutes.However,after this experience,I appreciated every day with my family.
