(共28张PPT)
外研选择性必修
第二册
Unit 2
Period 1
Starting out & Understanding ideas (I)
1
2
To learn and use tips on time controlling, think over your self-control ability by finishing the questionnaire
To get the main idea of the passage, know the feeling of the participates by detoxing social media and talk about the benefits of it
目标一：To learn and use tips on time controlling, think over your self-control ability by finishing the questionnaire
Activity 1: Watch the video and answer the questions.
1 What is the video about
2 What other tips are there to make full use of your time Share your ideas with the class.
The video is about time management tips for busy teenagers.
Make a weekly plan, do one thing at a time...
Activity 2: Complete the questionnaire and find out
how good your self-control is.
SELF-CONTROL
Questionnaire
1 Do you ever lose your temper with your family, friends, or classmates
a Never. b Sometimes. c Always.
2 Do you find it difficult to resist temptations such as junk food
a Never. b Sometimes. c Always.
3 Do you have any bad habits that you cannot break
a None whatsoever! b Some. c Where do I start
4 Do you sometimes fail to get work done because you cannot concentrate
a Never. b Sometimes. c Always.
5 Do you ever offend people by speaking carelessly
a Never. b Sometimes. c Always.
Mostly “a”
You are the captain of self-control, the ruler of self-regulation! Not only are you conscientious and in control of your emotions, it also seems you can resist temptation. Be careful not to take everything so seriously though. Try to relax more and once in a while, do something impulsive.
Mostly “b”
Hmm... whilst you seem to have grasped the basics of self-management, there is still room for improvement! Take a step back and think about how you could be more focused on your goals and gain more control of your emotions.
Mostly “c”
Far from being in control, it seems your emotional impulses and temptations are controlling you! Don't just sit back and let things happen. Assess and find out what's going wrong and draw up a plan of action. Try to stick with it!
目标二: To get the main idea of the passage, know the feeling of the participates by detoxing social media and talk about the benefits of it
Activity 1: Read the facts and answer the questions.
On average, Chinese Internet users each spend two hours a day on social media: a total of 730 hours each year.
The average age of social media users in China in 2017 was 33.1 years old, as against 32.4 in 2016 and 31.2 in 2015.
The top four negative aspects of social media as ranked by Chinese users are: reduced time for reading printed books, poorer eyesight, privacy and information security concerns, and reduced sleep time.
1 What conclusions can you draw from the facts
We can infer from the facts that Chinese Internet users spend a lot of time on social media, negatively affecting different aspects of their lives, and that the average age of social media users in China has risen during recent years.
2 How much time do you spend on social media each day What negative effects does this have on you
Your own ideas
Activity 2: Look at the title of the passage and the pictures. Predict what the passage is about.
It talks about stopping using social media.
Activity 3: Now read the passage and check your prediction.
Then tell the genre of it and draw a structure of it.
It is an online forum post.
opening
opinions and evidence
closing
Activity 4: Choose the benefits of the social media detox and find out evidence to support your choice. Then think about and answer the questions.
1 It helped students learn how to best communicate using social media.
2 It raised money for school sports equipment.
3 It made students want to spend even more time on social media.
4 It made students realise how much time they had been spending on social media.
5 It encouraged students to find new ways to communicate and try new activities.
2 4 5
1) How much time is it proper for you to spend on social media
2) How can you best communicate using social media
List one or two ways.
3) Can you find any new communication methods or activities besides social media
Activity 5: Read the passage carefully and finish the two tasks.
Task 1: Read the Moderator’s opening and closing, answer the questions.
1 What is the main idea of the forum
After participating a fundraising campaign, five students talk about their experience and what they learned from it.
2 What is the result of the detox
It has raised a total of 1,632.82 for new school sports equipment and improve awareness of how much we rely on social media.
Task 2: Read each student’s forum post and fill in the chart.
Name Time Reaction Result
Anna
Devon
2 days
4 days
more difficult
upset
strange
spend less time online;
pick up hobbies
realise the value of real contact
Name Time Reaction Result
Cindy
George
Max
7 days
7 days
less than one day
missing out
not too difficult
embarrassed
visit friends have a proper conversation
become healthier
catch up on news;
almost missed the party
Activity 6: Think & Share
1 What is your understanding of “something” in “After reading the posts on this forum, it seems that something other than money has also been raised through the detox”
I think “something” in the sentence refers to the awareness of how much time we rely on social media.
It is worthwhile to do the detox. Because it provides a chance to think about how to use social media properly.
2 Do you think the detox was worthwhile Why
3 What would you do if you had to give up social media for a week
4 Have you encountered any difficulties in understanding the main idea of the passage
Share them with the class and ask for advice.
I would read some book, have face-to-face communication with my family and friends.
Your own ideas.
Activity 7: Compare the advantages of social media detox with the disadvantages of social media intoxication. Then talk about what your attitude towards social media detox.
advantages of social media detox: time for reading, sleeping, doing sports, and contacting with friends and families...
disadvantages of social media intoxication: concerns for security and privacy, poorer eyesight, reduced sleep time...
Your own answers
外研选择性必修
第二册
Unit 2
Period 1
Starting out & Understanding ideas (II)
Activity 8: Find the important words, phrases, and language points you want to share with your partner. Then discuss in groups and share their usage with the class.
1 switch on （用开关）开；打开
【教材原文】With the detox now finished, they’ve switched on their devices and they’re back online.
随着戒瘾活动的结束，他们已经打开自己的移动终端且重回线上。
【知识归纳】
switch on/off （用开关）打开/关上
switch...from...to... 把......由......转变为
switch（over）to 转换到；换（频道）到
【即学即练】单句语法填空
(1) He switched __________ the lights and examined his surroundings.
(2) If I were you, I would switch __________ the TV and devote myself to my study.
on
off
【句型分析】本句中，包含with的复合结构做伴随状语，主句为两个并列句。
2 motivate 激发、激励
【教材原文】I bet you’re as eager as I am to find out just how many have been motivated enough to last the full seven days! 我打赌你和我一样渴望找出有多少人被真正打动而坚守完七天。
【知识归纳】
（1）motivate sb.to do sth. 激励某人去做某事
be motivated by... 受......激励；出于......的动机
（2）motivation n.动力，诱因
【即学即练】单句语法填空
(1) Creativity is the most important quality to keep students interested and __________ (motivate).
(2) How do you motivate people __________ (work) hard and efficiently
【句型分析】本句中bet后是省略了that的宾语从句。to find out...在句中做目的状语，且后面是个完整的宾语从句。
motivated
to work
3 be occupied with... 被......占据
【教材原文】But on reflection, I can see how much of my time had been occupied with checking my phone.
但是细细反思后，我就发现我有多少时间被查看手机占据。
【知识归纳】
（1）occupy sb./oneself (in) doing sth./with sth.
使某人/自己忙于（做）某事
（2）be occupied (in) doing sth./with sth. 忙于（做）某事
（3）occupation n.[C]职业，工作；[U]占领，控制
【即学即练】
(1) He is __________ (occupy) in motivating the teenagers to understand their parents.
(2) She is occupied __________ daily routine every day.
occupied
with
4 miss out 错失取乐（或获利等）的机会；（常与介词on搭配）不包括在内，遗漏
【教材原文】By the fifth day, I wondered- was I really missing out by not constantly checking my phone to see what everyone else was up to
截止第五天，我想知道—我是否因为没有经常查看手机关注其他人在做什么而被遗忘？
5 throw in the towel 认输
【教材原文】I’m embarrassed to say that I threw in the towel on the first day.
我尴尬地说我在第一天就认输了。
【句式解构】
【教材原文】In the end, I turned on my phone to check, but I couldn’t resist having a quick look at my social media accounts.
最后，我打开了我的手机，但是我忍不住快速看看我的社交账号。
【句型分析】本句是并列句。resist doing sth 意为“抵制做某事”
【教材原文】To be honest, I didn’t find the detox too difficult, but I did give my phone to my dad to avoid giving in. 老实讲，我没有觉得戒瘾很难，但是我确实把手机给到了我爸爸以防止我投降。
【句型分析】
本句是两个并列分句组成，其中第二个分句中did起强调作用。
1 Can you think of other ways of detox
2 Do you think it is a waste of time in detox Why (共20张PPT)
外研选择性必修
第二册
Unit 2
Period 5
Writing & Presenting ideas
教学目
Lead-in
What is the boy doing
Why is he doing this
1
2
To get the main idea and specific information of the passage, find out the elements of a reflection and write a reflection of the story
To share your understanding of the quotes
目标一: To get the main idea and specific information of the passage, find out the elements of a reflection and write a reflection of the story
Activity 1: Read the passage quickly and get the main idea of it.
It’s a story about how a little boy learned to control his bad temper.
Activity 2: Read the story and answer the questions.
There once was a little boy who had a bad temper. His father gave him a bag of nails and told him that every time he lost his temper, he must hammer a nail into the back of the fence.
The first day, the boy hammered so many nails into the fence that his father had to give him a whole new bag. Over the next few weeks, as he learnt to control his anger, he hammered fewer and fewer nails into the fence each day. He had learnt that it was easier to hold his temper than to hammer nails into the fence. Finally, the day came when the boy didn't lose his temper all day, not even once. He told his father, who said that now the boy should pull out one nail for each day that he was able to hold his temper.
The days passed by and the boy was finally able to tell his father that all the nails were gone. The father took his son and led him to the fence. He said, “You’ve done well, son, but look at all the holes in the fence! That fence will never be the same. When you say something in anger, it leaves a hole in someone’s heart, just like your nails have left holes in the fence. It doesn’t matter how many times you say sorry. The hole is still there.”
1 Why did the little boy hammer the nails into the fence
The little boy had a bad temper. And his father gave him a bag of nails told him that every time he lost his temper, he must hammer a nail into the back of the fence.
2 What did his father do when the boy learnt to control his temper
His father said that the boy should pull out one nail for each day.
3 What aspect of self-management is the passage about
The passage is about how to control one’s own temper.
4 What message do you think the story conveys
We should control our temper. Because when we say something in anger, it leaves a hole in someone’s heart, just like the nails have left holes in the fence.
Activity 3: Work in groups and discuss the elements of a reflection.
The elements of a reflection Summary of the story
My thoughts
Conclusion
Activity 4: Make notes about the story.
Summary of the story:
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Once there was a boy with a bad temper. His dad told him to hammer a nail into the fence every time he lost his temper. The boy learnt to control his temper because it was easier than hammering the nails into the fence. Then his dad asked him to pull one nail out every time he was able to hold his temper.
My thoughts:
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
It is important to learn how to control your temper so that you do not do or say anything that will hurt other people.
Conclusion:
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
If we keep calm and stay optimistic, we can take control over our temper, which will benefit us throughout life.
Now write your reflection.
Activity 5: Work in pairs. Make improvements to each other’s reflections and share them with the class.
Sample:
Once there was a boy with a bad temper. His dad told him to hammer a nail into the fence every time he lost his temper. The boy learnt to control his temper because it was easier than hammering the nails into the fence. Then his dad asked him to pull one nail out every time he was able to hold his temper.
When the boy pulled out all the nails, his dad showed him the holes in the fence, telling his anger had left “scars” that would never heal, like the holes in the fence.
According to the story, it is important to learn how to control your temper so that you do not do or say anything that will hurt other people. So how can we control our temper
First, we can talk to someone we trust about how we feel. This is a good way of letting our anger out without hurting others. Second, we can go outdoors and play team sports with our friends, because physical exercise provides an effective way to calm down.
If we keep calm and stay optimistic, we can take control over our temper, which will benefit us throughout life.
目标二: To share your understanding of the quotes
Activity 1: Work in groups. Talk about the meanings of the quotes and complete the table.
a The superior man must be watchful over himself when he is alone.
Zeng Zi
君子必慎其独也。
曾子
b Procrastination is like a credit card: it’s a lot of fun until you get the bill.
Christopher Parker
c No man is free who is not master of himself.
Epictetus
d Change your thoughts, and you change your world.
Norman Vincent Peale
e Don’t say you don’t have enough time. You have exactly the same number of hours per day that were given to Helen Keller, Pasteur, Michelangelo,... Leonardo da Vinci, Thomas Jefferson, and Albert Einstein.
H. Jackson Brown Jr
Quotes Meanings
a
b
c
d
e
A man with good virtue will behave well even when he is alone.
It is like using a credit card when you always leave things to be done the next day: It is fun but one day you will have to pay back.
A man can not be free if he cannot control himself.
Your world is like what you thought it was.
We can’t say we don’t have enough time, everyone in the world has 24 hours a day, no matter who you are.
Activity 2: Choose one quote and make notes.
What is the main message of the quote
______________________________________________________
What can you learn from this quote
______________________________________________________
Everyone in the world has the same mount of time a day.
We should use our time efficiently.
What example(s) can you find to support this quote
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1) I find that I can finish my homework quicker if I just do it with concentrated mind.
2) I seldom did exercise because I thought I was busy with my study. However, I planed to do exercise two weeks ago, and actually I have been doing it these days. And I manage to do well with both my study and exercise.
Activity 3: Prepare a short presentation about the quote. Consider the following:
1 the structure of your presentation
2 useful words, expressions and structures
Give your presentation to the class.
Sample:
I choose the quote “Don’t say you don’t have enough time. You have exactly the same number of hours per day that were given to Helen Keller, Pasteur, Michelangelo,... Leonardo da Vinci, Thomas Jefferson, and Albert Einstein.” by H.Jackson Brown Jr. The main message of it is that everyone in the world has the same mount of time a day. That means we should use our time efficiently and it will make a difference day by day. Take one thing for example, I seldom did exercise because I thought I was busy with my study. However, I planned to do exercise two weeks ago, and actually I have been doing it these days. And I manage to do well with both my study and exercise.
1 What is the structure of a reflection
2 Can you list other quotes about self-improvement (共23张PPT)
外研选择性必修
第二册
Unit 2
Period 4
Reading
教学目
Lead-in
Look at the chart and answer the questions.
1 What are the top three things students from this school spend their money on
2 What else do you think students often spend their money on
books and magazines, school supplies, clothes
snacks, computer games and presents
Now think about what you spend your money on.
1
2
To get the main idea and structure of the passage, know the usage and meaning of wordplay, learn to use money wisely
To use the key language points from the passage correctly
目标一: To get the main idea and structure of the passage, know the usage and meaning of wordplay, learn to use money wisely
Activity 1: Read the title and the pictures, predict what the passage is about.
Valuable values
1 Based on the title and picture, please find out the subject(主题) of the passage.
__________________________________
2 Further predict what the passage is going to talk about.
__________________________________
It’s about money.
It’s about how to use money wisely.
Activity 2: Read the passage and find out the meaning of the title.
Learning to learn
Wordplay uses sounds and meanings of similar words in an amusing or clever way, for example: I was trying to discover how lightning worked, and then it struck me! It can also be used to reinforce the meanings of themes: in the title The Importance of Being Earnest, “Earnest” is an adjective as well as a character’s name.
The title means that the valuable concept of managing money can help us make good use of money and make a big difference to our life.
Activity 3: Read the passage quickly and find out structure of the text and the main idea of each part.
Structure Para.(s) Main idea
Part 1
(Introduction)
Part 2 (body)
Part 3
(conclusion)
Para. 1~3
Para. 4~8
Para.9
The same question of spending young people are faced with and what they do to solve it
Jerry Witkovsky’s method of using four jars to teach teenagers how to use their money wisely
The wider aims of the jars
Activity 4: Read the passage carefully and finish the two tasks.
Task 1: Read Para 1-3 and choose the correct answer.
1 What do young people do with their money
A.Some deal with money less well.
B.Some make good use of money.
C.It varies from person to person.
D.They spend their money wisely.
2 What does the sentence “age is no barrier (障碍) to making good use of money” mean in Para 2
A.It is reasonable for young people to spend their parents’ money on games.
B.Even if you are a child, you can use the money wisely.
C.There is no doubt that young people should become big spenders.
D.All of us should make full use of our money.
3 What seems to be especially important to young people in the US according to the passage
A.What to do with their money wisely.
B.How to help homeless people in their districts.
C.How to take course in personal finances.
D.How to grasp the opportunity to learn life-long values.
Task 2: Organise information from the passage and complete the diagram.
Valuable values Spending jar You are responsible for 1 _________________. Money gives you independence and 2 ______________________________________.
Saving jar It gives you a vision for 3 _____________. This could involve saving for university or saving for 4 _________________________
___________________________________.
your own happiness
the opportunity to buy something you like
the future
that special something you’ve seen in the stores
Valuable values Investing jar It represents a vision for the future and the opportunity to 5 _______________. In addition to putting money aside for university education, it also means 6 _______________________________.
Giving jar It is all about 7 ___________________. Whoever or whatever the recipient, it’s your money to give to 8 ____________
________________________________.
build for the future
investing in yourself
kindness and helping
whatever cause you believe in
Activity 5: Think & Share
1 Why does the author use the example of Khloe Thompson
The author uses the example to show that there are also teens that prove age is no barrier to making good use of money.
2 How does the passage inspire you to improve your spending habit
Before reading this passage, I spent money without any plan. From now on, I decide to take control of what to do with the money I receive and be a wise consumer.
3 If you were given 1000 yuan, how much money would you put in each jar
I will put half of it in the saving jar, 200 yuan in the investing jar, 200 yuan in the spending jar, and 100 yuan in the giving jar. I must save a lot of money for my future, including the fee for education. I need to invest myself, such as buying online courses and going to gym. Besides, I need money to buy books, pay phone bills and so on. I also intend to show concerns for those in need, so I will put aside some money to give others in need.
4 What methods of self-management have you learned in the reading passage What else do you need to improve
Jerry Witkovsky used four jars to teach teenagers how to spend their money wisely. He taught the teenagers valuable values through common things in life and passed the good values down to the next generation.
Activity 6: Work in groups. Give a talk about your understanding of the values represented by the four jars.
1 Read the passage again and think about which jar you believe is the most important.
2 Organise your ideas by completing the notes.
The most important jar Reasons: Supporting examples:
3 Share your ideas with the group.
4 Choose a group member to summarise your group’s opinions to the class.
Now think about the method Jerry Witkovsky used to give advice. How did it help you to better understand the topic
目标二: To use the key language points from the passage correctly
Activity 1: Find the important words, phrases, and language points you want to share with your partner. Then discuss in groups and share their usage with the class.
1 max out （钱）花光；（信用卡）刷爆
【教材原文】Recent headlines have seen more and more teens maxing out their parents’ credit cards on games or other online activities.
近期的头条上可见越来越多的青少年刷爆他们父母的信用卡在游戏或其他的线上活动上。
【句型分析】maxing out their parents’ credit cards on games or other online activities是v. ing短语的复合结构，作宾语
2 in contrast to 与......形成对比
【教材原文】 In contrast to these big spenders, there are also teens that prove age is no barrier to making good use of money.
与这些花钱大手大脚的人形成对比的是，也有一些证明年龄从来不是合理使用金钱障碍的青少年。
【知识归纳】
(1) in contrast with/to... 与......对比
by/in contrast 相比之下
(2)contrast with... 与......形成对照
(3) contrast A with/and B
把A和B进行对比
【即学即练】单句语法填空
(1) John’s friendliness was in marked contrast ____________ his brother’s rude behaviour.
(2) The snow was icy and white, ____________ (contrast) with the brilliant blue sky.
to/with
contrasting
【句型分析】that prove age is no barrier to making good use of money为定语从句修饰teens; 其中短语make good use of... 意为“充分利用......”
3 have no access to... 无法接触到......
【教材原文】For those who have no access to courses, help might be at hand thanks to Jerry Witkovsky and his method of using four jars to teach teenagers how to spend their money wisely.
由于Jerry Witkovsky 和他用四个罐子教会青少年聪明地用钱的方法，对那些无法接触到这些课程的人来说，帮助也触手可及。
【句型分析】For those who have no access to courses在句中作状语，其中包含who引导的定语从句。主句为help might be at hand。句中包含thanks to的短语，在句中表原因，意为“由于.......”。句末to teach teenagers how to spend their money wisely表目的，其中包含teach的双宾结构。
4 in control of... 控制......
【教材原文】 It was from then on that his grandchildren started to be in control of what to do with the money they receive: spend, save, invest or give
也是从那时开始，他的孙子开始控制他们收到的钱：花费、储存、投资或赠予？
【句型分析】 本句是强调句型，强调的是时间状语from then on。they receive是省略了关系代词that/which的限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the money。
5 The wider aim of the jars is to encourage teenagers to think more objectively about money and the things that it can do, so that they grow up understanding, if you like, the value of the valuable.
这些罐子更大的意义在于鼓励青少年更加客观地思考金钱和金钱能做的事情，以便他们长大后能明白，换句话说，珍贵事物的价值。
【句型分析】本句是主从复合句。so that引导目的状语从句，在该从句中v. ing短语“understanding...the valuable”作伴随状语，if you like作插入语。目的状语从句对应的主句中不定式短语“to encourage...”作表语，定语从句that it can do修饰先行词the things。
Activity 2: Complete the summary with the correct words or the correct forms of the words in the bracket according to the passage.
The spending power of young people 1 ________ (vary) from person to person. Each, however, 2 is __________ (face) with the same question: what to do with their money Some teens may spend their money on online activities 3 ________ others can make good use of money. For instance, with her grandmother’s help, eight-year-old Thompson started making “ Kare Bags” containing 4 ________ (necessity) for the homeless, which made their lives 5 ________ (easy) . It’s important for younger generations to know an appropriate way to spend money.
varies
faced
while
necessities
easier
Thanks to Jerry, he put forward a method to teach teenagers 6 ________ to spend money wisely. When Jerry’s grandchildren turned 13, his present to each of them was three jars for Spending, Saving, and Giving—he has since added a fourth jar for investing. It was from then on 7 ________ his grandchildren started to be in control of the money they received. The present is more than a few jars—he is giving them the opportunity 8 ________ (learn) lifelong values. The wider aim of the jars is to encourage teenagers to think 9 __________ (objective) about money and what it can do. In a word, this method will make a 10 ________ (different) to teenagers’ future.
how
that
to learn
objectively
difference
1 Do you think it is a good way to deal with money by four jars
2 Can you think of other ways to use money wisely (共16张PPT)
外研选择性必修
第二册
Unit 2
Period 2
Grammar
1
2
To know the usage of past perfect passive
To use past perfect passive correctly
目标一：To know the usage of past perfect passive
Activity 1: Look at the sentences and answer the questions. Sentence (a) is from the reading passage.
a At the start of the detox, over 100 students had been persuaded to stop using social media, in ANY form, for seven days.
b At the start of the detox, people had persuaded over 100 students to stop using social media, in ANY form, for seven days.
1 Were the students in sentence (a) persuaded before the detox started, or afterwards
The students were persuaded before the detox started.
2 What is the difference between sentence (a) and (b)
3 Why does the author choose to use passive form instead of an active form
They differ in voice. The passive voice is used in sentence (a), while the active voice is used in sentence (b).
Maybe the author don’t know who had persuaded students to stop using social media, or it is unnecessary to say who the persuaders were.
Now look for more sentences with the past perfect passive in the reading passage, and summarise its uses in your own words.
1) They had been promised money by family and friends for each day spent without using social media.
2) But on reflection, I can see how much of my time had been occupied with checking my phone.
Activity 2: Read the sentences again and summarise the structure and concept of past perfect passive.
1) At the start of the detox, over 100 students had been persuaded to stop using social media, in ANY form, for seven days.
2) They had been promised money by family and friends for each day spent without using social media.
3) I am to find out just how many have been motivated enough to last the full seven days!
1) But on reflection, I can see how much of my time had been occupied with checking my phone.
had been done
过去完成时的被动语态是过去完成时和被动语态的叠合， 表示在过去某一时间或某个动作之前已经完成，且主语与谓语动词之间存在被动关系。
Activity 3: Read the sentences and summarise the four sentence structures with past perfect passive voice.
1 The pen had been broken by the boy before it was found.
2 The problem had not been solved by the time I left the room.
3 Had the office been cleaned before the director came
When had the buildings been destroyed
1 肯定结构：主语＋had been done (＋其他)
2 否定结构：主语＋hadn’t been done (＋其他)
3 疑问结构：Had ＋主语＋been done (＋其他)；
疑问词＋had ＋主语＋been done (＋其他)
【语法精讲】
下面两种情况一般用被动语态：
一是强调动作的承受者。
例如：The pen had been broken by the boy before it was found.
二是不知道动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者。
例如：The task had been completed before noon yesterday.
When she got home, she found that her keys had been left in her office.
1 用在found, told ,said, heard, knew , thought等动词后的宾语从句中，表示宾语从句中的动作已被完成。
2 当before, when, by the time等引导的时间状语从句的时态是一般过去时时，若主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前且表示被动，则主句要用过去完成时的被动语态。
By 16:30, which was almost closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold.
3 当before, by , by the end of后接过去的时间点时，且句子的主语与谓语所表示的动作为被动关系时，句子常用过去完成时。
By the end of last month, those houses had been built.
4 在 It was the first /second/third…time that句型中，当从句的主语是从句动作的承受者时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。
It was the second time that his bike had been stolen.
5 当虚拟语气用在条件句中时， 若条件状语从句表示与过去的事实相反，且从句的主语是从句动作的承受者，则从句要用过去完成时的被动语态。
If I had been invited earlier, I would have gone with you.
目标二: To use past perfect passive correctly
Activity 1: Complete Jack’s blog post with the correct form of verbs in brackets.
Before I turned over a new leaf, I had always been a very lazy student. I was careless about handing in my homework, and none of my assignment deadlines 1___________ (meet). Indeed, I would deliberately “lose” my homework in my incredibly messy room, so that I could put off 2___________ (do) it! My parents soon worked out this trick, though, and one day I came home to find that my room 3______________ (clean), and my homework 4___________ (put) right in the centre of a spotlessly clean desk! A present 5___________ (leave) on the desk, too (I think Mum did that): a book called The Art of Procrastination.
had been met
doing
had been cleaned
had been put
had been left
The author, John Perry, said that procrastination was about 6___________ (avoid) the hardest and most important tasks. So, 7___________ (make) sure you do your homework, put it second or third on your to-do list, not at the top. Then put one or two really hard things you don’t want to do at the top of the list. You will procrastinate to avoid the hard stuff-by doing your homework!
avoiding
to make
Activity 2: Work in pairs. Describe the pictures using the past perfect passive.
Jack started the habit of cleaning his room last week. This is what his room looked like yesterday morning.
But two weeks ago, Jack’s room was like this...
Jack started the habit of cleaning his room last week. This is what his room looked like yesterday morning. (The floor was clean. The sheet was laid flat on the bed. All the books and clothes were placed neatly and tidily. The pictures on the wall were straight.)
But two weeks ago, Jack’s room had been an awful mess. His clothes had been thrown everywhere; the pictures had not been hung straight; and all the drawers had been opened. It had been a very disorderly sort of room, with books and papers lying around everywhere.
Activity 3: Work in pairs. Talk about what had happened before you started a new habit of your own. Use the past perfect passive where appropriate.
What happened before a new habit I started a new habit
... ...
My bed had not been made up.
I made up my bed.
My homework had never been finished before the deadline.
I finished my homework right after the class.
1 Can you retell the structure and usage of past perfect passive
2 Can you use the past perfect passive to describe change of your study habit (共15张PPT)
外研选择性必修
第二册
Unit 2
Period 3
Listening and Speaking
1
2
To know the phrases about inappropriate behavior and use them properly, talk about what the right thing is
To learn values education such as honesty in school and promote it
目标一：To know the phrases about inappropriate behavior and use them properly, talk about what the right thing is
Activity 1: Look at the signs below and talk about what they mean.
Activity 2: Match the sentences to the signs. Pay attention to the words and expressions in bold.
1. Do not litter.
2. Do not talk loudly in public.
3. Do not spit in public.
4. Do not walk on the grass.
5. Do not smoke.
6. Do not take photos.
a
b
e
f
c
d
Activity 3: Complete the conversations with the correct form of the words and expressions.
litter, talk loudly in public, spit in public, walk on the grass, smoke, take photos
1 A: What do you do when people ______________________
B: I put my headphones on. I don’t want to hear other people’s conversations.
2 A: How can we stop people ______________________
B: We should tell them it’s dirty and it can spread diseases.
3 A: What would you do if you saw people __________________
B: I would go up to them and ask them to put the litter into a rubbish bin.
talk loudly in public
(from) spitting in public
littering
4 A: How can we prevent people from ______________________
B: If we keep the grass looking really neat, maybe people will realise they shouldn’t walk on it.
5 A: What would you do if you saw someone _________________ where it’s not allowed
B: I’d politely remind them it’s not permitted, and that they should be considerate of others.
6 A: What would you do if you saw someone ________________ in a museum
B: I’d ask them to stop, because it can damage the exhibits.
walking on the grass
smoking
taking photos
Activity 4: Now work in pairs. Think of more types of inappropriate behaviour and talk about what you think is the right thing to do when faced with them.
chat in class
play trick on others
A: What do you do when people _________________________
B: I would __________________ because __________________.
目标二: To learn values education such as honesty in school and promote it
Activity 1:Listen to the interview and choose a topic for it.
1 How to promote values education.
2 How to inspire students to work hard.
3 How to introduce school programmes.
4 How to fairly distribute books and umbrellas.
Activity 2: Listen again and complete the newspaper report.
A school in our city came up with an innovative programme to promote the traditional value of 1__________________. School principal Ms Wu gave several examples of how the programme works.
honesty
To begin with, the school introduced an activity called the “unsupervised examination” for some of the classes. That means during this examination, there is no teacher 2____________________________. Before taking this examination students first need to 3_________________________. Students generally expressed that it’s good to feel 4 _______________ and they quite enjoyed 5__________________ in the examination. In turn, they developed 6__________________.
present to oversee the students
sign a letter of commitment
trusted
the relaxed atmosphere
greater self-control
The school also introduced what is called the 7 “__________________”. Printed on each umbrella was short statement about 8__________________. At the end of the term, all the umbrellas were returned 9_____________. None of them had been lost or damaged.
Now Ms Wu and her colleagues plan to introduce the programme to 10____________________. Everyone needs to work together to build a culture of honesty. They hope more teachers and students will get involved.
honesty umbrella
honesty and other values
in one piece
another branch of the school
Activity 3: Complete the boxes with the expressions from the interview.
I can give a couple of examples.
That is...
Let me clarify...
For instance,...
I mean...
Take...as an illusion.
To put it another way,...
Clarifying what you mean
That is...
Let me clarify...
I mean...
To put it another way,...
Giving examples
I can give a couple of examples.
For instance,...
Take...as an illusion.
Activity 3: Work in groups. Discuss how to promote values education at your school using the words and expressions in this section.
Now talk about how well you did in offering effective advice or ideas and developing effective solutions in the group discussion.
1 Can you list more phrases about inappropriate behaviour
2 Can you list more expressions about clarifying what you mean and giving examples
