(共32张PPT)
外研选择性必修
第二册
Unit 5
Period 1
Starting out & Understanding ideas (I)
1
2
To understand the idea that humans are part of earth’s ecosystem
To learn how the chaos was caused in Macquarie Island and how people tried to conserve the island, then use “cause and effect” structure to describe
a story
目标一：To understand the idea that humans are part of earth’s ecosystem
Activity 1: Watch the video and answer the questions.
1 Are humans part of Earth’s ecosystems Why
2 In what ways can humans affect ecosystems
Man is a part of nature. Human activities have become an influence on the stability of the natural environment of all spheres on earth.
Degradation of forest and grassland vegetation, loss of biodiversity, soil erosion, pollution aggravating, the greenhouse effect of the atmosphere, and the destruction of the ozone layer, have sounded the alarm for human beings.
Activity 2: Look at the satellite images and answer the questions.
1 What is happening to the area according to the satellite images
2 What do you think a later satellite image would show
3 What do you think caused these changes
The water area is shrinking.
The water area will be smaller.
Maybe it's due to over exploitation.
Background Information:
The Aral Sea Crisis
The Aral Sea is situated in Central Asia, between Kazakhstan to the north and Uzbekistan to the south. It was once the world’s fourth largest lake, and contained 10 grams of salt per litre. The rivers flowing into the Aral Sea are the river Syr Darya from the north and the river Amu Darya from the south. In the 1960s, the two rivers were diverted away from the Aral Sea so that people could irrigate the surrounding desert region and focus on cotton production. As a result, the Aral Sea has been decreasing in size, and by 1997, it had shrunk to a tenth of its original size, splitting into four lakes. By 2009, the south-eastern lake had disappeared altogether, and the south-western lake had been reduced to a thin strip, with a salinity level of more than 110 grams per litre. This shrinking of the Aral Sea became known as “one of the planet’s worst environmental disasters”; the decline of the once-thriving fishing industry brings unemployment and economic hardship to the surrounding region.
目标二: To learn how the chaos was caused in Macquarie Island and how people tried to conserve the island, then use “cause and effect” structure to describe a story
Activity 1: Look at the picture and answer the questions.
1 What animals can you see in the picture
2 What kind of changes would take place if cats, rats and rabbits were introduced to an environment like this
Penguins, an elephant seal, a wild bird
They would hunt the birds and eat the native vegetation, thus upsetting the local ecological balance.
Activity 2: Look at the title and the picture, then make a prediction of the content.
MACQUARIE ISLAND:
from Chaos to Conservation
The passage may talk about the chaos and conservation of Macquarie Island.
Activity 3: Read the passage and find out
what happened to Macquarie Island.
Non-native species introduced to Macquarie Island attacked native birds, and led to a substantial reduction of bird population and even the extinction of parakeets. In addition, non-native species ate and devastated the native vegetation. All of this played a part in upsetting the natural harmony of the island. But now the island’s ecology is on the road to recovery with human efforts.
Activity 4: Read the passage and put it into three parts and summarise the main idea of each part.
Parts Para.(s) Main idea
Part 1
Part 2
Part 3
Para.1
Para.(s) 2~5
Para.6
Introduction of Macquarie Island
The chaos caused on Macquarie Island
The conservation of the island
Activity 5: Read the passage carefully and finish the two tasks.
Task 1: Read paragraph 1 and find out the information about Macquarie Island.
Location
Shape
Landscape
Inhabitants
In the South-west Pacific ocean, halfway between Australia and Antarctic.
long and thin
green grass; bare rock; a wild and natural beauty
royal penguins ; king penguins; elephant seals
Task 2: Read paragraphs 2~6, fill in the chart.
Actions Purpose Results
Humans arrived on Macquarie Island. To live there. Rats and mice were brought there by accident, and
To control the rats and mice.
Cats were brought to the island.
took over the island, eating the birds’eggs and attacking baby birds.
The cats developed an appetite for the birds.
Actions Purpose Results
Rabbits multiplied and caused soil erosion, and
Rabbits were introduced to the island.
To provide food for humans.
A virus was released onto the island.
To remove all the rabbits from the island.
the exploding rabbit population provided plentiful food for the cats. This led to more cats hunting the birds. As a result, parakeets died out in 1891.
Substantial reduction of rabbit population led to cats killing more native birds.
Actions Purpose Results
Traps and dogs were used.
Poison and dogs were used.
To remove all the remaining invading species.
To catch the cats.
The departure of the cats resulted in an increasing population of rats and mice. And the rabbit population exploded once again.
The island was pest-free and its ecology is on the road to recovery.
Now talk about how human interference led to such severe consequences for Macquarie Island.
Activity 6: Choose the author’s purpose in writing the passage and give your reasons.
1 To analyse how Macquarie Island was saved from destruction.
2 To inform readers of the chaos caused on Macquarie Island by humans.
3 To entertain readers with a funny story about what happened on Macquarie Island.
4 To suggest ways in which an ecosystem can be protected.
Activity 7: Think & Share.
1 What is your understanding of “...we humans owe it to the island to give it a happy ending”
The destruction of the island’s ecosystem was caused by animals that humans had accidentally brought with them. Human intervention has further undermined the island’s ecological balance. So man should make an attempt to restore the island’s natural balance.
2 Do you think it was right to eradicate the “pest” from Macquarie Island Give your reasons.
Yes. The “pests” in the sentence refers to the invading species.
To restore the ecological balance, it was obvious that humans must eradicate the “pests”.
3 How could similar situations be avoided in the future
a The introduction of biological species resources from abroad shall be registered or examined and approved according to law, and corresponding safety control measures shall be taken.
b The government should make the continuous improvement of the existing laws on the introduction of alien species.
c Deepening international cooperation, prevention and control of alien species invasion will surely achieve greater results.
4 What language can you use to talk about cause and effect
How would you apply it to your reading and writing
Cause ... arrived on ...
... were brought to ... by accident ...
... were introduced to ...
... was released ...
... were used ...
Effect ... took over ... , ... eating the birds’ eggs, ... attacking baby birds ...
... developed an appetite for ...
... multiplied and caused ...
... led to ...;
... died out ...;
... were used ...
外研选择性必修
第二册
Unit 5
Period 1
Starting out & Understanding ideas (II)
Activity 8: Find the important words, phrases, and language points you want to share with your partner. Then discuss in groups and share their usage with the class.
1 contrast v/n对比 对照
【教材原文】The green grass and bare rock of its landscape contrast dramatically, [1] giving it a wild and natural beauty.
绿草和光秃的岩石形成的景观反差巨大，使海岛呈现出一种狂野和天然的美。
【归纳拓展】
contrast A and/with B A与B相比 contrast with sth. 与......相比
by contrast 对比、比较
【句型分析】句中副词dramatically译为“强烈地、巨大地”；句中 [1] giving it a wild and natural beauty现在分词短语作结果状语。
2 in harmony with 与......和睦相处，与......协调一致
【教材原文】[1]Nor would they fail to imagine how its native inhabitants including royal penguins king penguins, and elephant seals, existed in perfect harmony with their natural habitat for thousands of years.
他们也不难想象出，数千年来，包括帝企鹅、王企鹅和象海豹在内的当地动物是如何与其自然栖息地完美地和谐共存的。
【句型分析】本句为nor置于句首引起的部分倒装句。其中how 引导宾语从句。
3 tragic 悲惨的；悲痛的；可悲的
【教材原文】It’s a tragic story that began in 1810 when humans arrived on the island.
悲剧从人类1810年来到这座岛屿开始。
【句型分析】本句为主从复合句。其中that引导定语从句，修饰名词story；when引导定语从句，修饰1810。
4 take over占领；接管（公司）；取代；占上风；后来居上
【教材原文】These small animals quickly took over the island, [1] eating the birds’ eggs and attacking baby birds.
这些小动物很快就占领了岛屿，它们吃鸟蛋并攻击幼鸟。
【句型分析】句中[1] eating the birds’ eggs and attacking baby bird为现在分词作伴随状语。
5 appetite n.[UC]食欲，胃口 [C]强烈欲望
【教材原文】Unfortunately, the cats subsequently developed an appetite for the birds, too.
但不幸的是，猫随后也开始以鸟为食。
【归纳拓展】
（1）have a good/poor/no appetite
胃口好/胃口不好/没有胃口
develop an appetite for... 对......产生食欲
（2）have an appetite for... 渴望......（appetite前可用形容词修饰）
6 soil erosion 土壤侵蚀，水土流失
【教材原文】Loose on the island, they did [1]what rabbits do best-they multiplied rapidly and began eating the native vegetation and digging holes, [2]which caused soil erosion.
由于在岛上放任其生存，兔子做了自己最擅长的事——飞快地繁殖，它们开始吃当地植被并挖洞，造成了土壤侵蚀。
【句型分析】句中[1]what引导宾语从句；破折号后解释的是what rabbits do best的内容。[2]which 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句。
7 the number of... ......的数量
【教材原文】The exploding rabbit population provided plentiful food for the cats, meaning that the number of cats also increased.
爆炸式增长的兔子数量给猫提供了充足的食物，这意味着猫的数量也增加了，相应地就有更多猫捕食鸟类。
【归纳拓展】
a number of：意为“许多，大量”，其中number还可以用large或者smal1来修饰。
the number of：意为“.....的数量”
in number 在数量上
用法
The number of介词of同其后名词构成介词短语，修饰the number，当它作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
例句：
The number of the apples is 400. 苹果的数量是400。
a number of 是大量的，等于a lot of一类，后接可数名词复数或代词，谓语动词用复数。词组中还可以加入形容词表示数量大或小等（例如：a large/small number of 许多/少数......）。
例句：
There are a number of ants on the ground。
8 in turn 反过来 lead to (介词） 导致
【教材原文】This in turn led to more cats hunting the birds.
相应地就有更多猫捕食鸟类。
9 out of control
Even after Macquarie Island became an official nature reserve in the 1970s, the rabbits remained out of control.
即使在20世纪70年代麦夸里岛成为官方自然保护区后，兔子仍然不受控制。
【归纳拓展】
be under control 被控制住；处于控制之下
bring/get/keep under control 控制、抑制（以不造成损失）
10 come up with 想出，提出（计划、想法等）
Experts felt it necessary to come up with a plan to remove all the rabbits from the island.
专家认为，必须想办法清除岛上所有的兔子。
【句型分析】it作形式宾语，动词不定式短语 to come up with a plan作真正的宾语；动词不定式短语 to remove all the rabbits from the island 作目的状语。
11 in consequence 结果、因此
The cats in consequence turned their attention-and their stomachs-back to the native birds, [1] killing up to 60,000 each year.
因此，猫把注意力和胃口重新转向了当地鸟类，每年捕食多达60,000只。
【句型分析】句中[1]现在分词短语作结果状语。
12 turn out 原来是；结果发现
It turned out that they developed an immunity to the virus, and their numbers exploded once again.
它们最终对病毒产生了免疫，数量又一次激增。
【句型分析】本句为主从复合句。其中It作形式主语，that引导主语从句。
13 once and for all 彻底地；一劳永逸地
This incident made it clear that the rat, mouse and rabbit problem needed solving once and for all.
这一事件清楚地表明，大鼠、小鼠和兔子泛滥的问题需要一次彻底地解决。
【句型分析】本句为主从复合句。其中it作形式宾语，that引导宾语从句。
14 participate in 参与......；
tackle this very problem 解决问题
So, I am here on Macquarie Island to participate in the programme to tackle this very problem.
所以，正是为了解决这个问题，我来到麦夸里岛上参与一项行动。
15 The next step is to remove the last remaining invading species, and that’s where I come in-with my dogs.
下一步是清除最后残存的入侵物种，这就是我的工作了—和我的狗一起。
【句型分析】本句为and连接的并列复合句。前面的分句中，动词不定式短语to remove the last remaining invading species作表语；后面的分句中，where 引导表语从句。
1 How are humans connected with Earth’s ecosystems
2 Can you introduce what happened to Macquarie Island (共18张PPT)
外研选择性必修
第二册
Unit 5
Period 5
Writing & Presenting ideas
教学目
Lead-in
Do you know where the picture is taken from
1
2
To get specific information about Fanjing Mountain, and draft a lecture about Fanjing Mountain
To talk about your understanding of a quote
目标一: To get specific information about Fanjing Mountain,
and draft a lecture about Fanjing Mountain
Activity 1: Read the passage and answer the questions.
If you haven’t already heard of Fanjing Mountain, you soon will! A “must” for anyone visiting Guizhou Province, Fanjing Mountain has now been added to the UNESCO World Heritage List, bringing the total number of UNESCO sites in China to 53. The main reason for its inclusion is its biological diversity, with approximately 50 endangered plant and animal species found in its protected area. One of the first national natural reserves in China, Fanjing Mountain represents one of the country’s greatest achievements in environmental protection. It is also renowned for its breathtaking scenery as a summer resort.
1. Where is Fanjing Mountain Why is it significant
Fanjing Mountain is located in Guizhou Province.
It is significant because it represents one of the country’s great achievements in environmental protection.
2. Why was Fanjing Mountain selected for inclusion in the UNESCO World Heritage List
The main reason for its inclusion is its biological diversity, with approximately 50 endangered plant and animal species within its protected area.
Activity 2: Complete the outline to organise your lecture draft based on the information. Do online research if necessary.
Opening
1) greeting
2) introduction to the topic:
______________________________________________
Reason for selection:
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________
The wonders of Fanjing Mountain.
Fanjing Mountain represents one of the country’s greatest achievements in environmental protection.
The rich biodiversity of the Wuling Mountain range is the principal reason.
Other information:
1)______________________________________________________________________________________2)______________________________________________________________________________________
Fanjing Mountain is renowned for the breathtaking views from the summit.
When night falls, the Mushroom Stone is illuminated
so that visitors can enjoy the wonders of Fanjing Mountain.
Conclusion:
____________________________________________________________________________________
Fanjing Mountain deserves to earn its place on the UNESCO World Heritage List.
Q & A
Activity 3: Think of some useful expressions of each part
to write a lecture.
Opening
Greeting:
Good afternoon, everyone! I’m very happy to be here to give a short lecture.
Introduction to the topic:
Today I am going to talk about...
The purpose of my presentation is to introduce...
Explain the structure of your speech:
I’ll mainly talk about three points...
During my talk, I’ll be looking at three areas. First, ... Second, ...
Body
Present the subject itself:
To start with, I’d like to talk about the...
The first problem today is that...
Let’s go to the first topic...
Conclusion
Summarize your lecture:
To conclude/In conclusion/To sum up,...
Finally, I’d like to repeat the points I made at the beginning.
Thank your audience:
Many thanks for your attention.
Thank you all for being such attentive audience.
Q&A
Raise your question:
Now draft your lecture about Fanjing Mountain.
Does anyone have any questions
If you have any questions, please feel free to ask.
Activity 4: Work in pairs. Make improvements to each other’s lecture drafts and share them with the class.
Sample
The Wonders of Fanjing Mountain
Good afternoon, everyone! I’m very happy to be here to give a short lecture.
Have you ever heard of Fanjing Mountain Or have you ever visited it If you haven’t, you soon will! Fanjing Mountain lies in Tongren, Guizhou Province with an elevation of about 2,570 metres. It is the highest peak of the Wuling Mountain range in south-west China. Fanjing Mountain was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2018.
The Fanjingshan Nature Reserve was established in 1978 and represents one of the country’s greatest achievements in environmental protection. The rich biodiversity of the Wuling Mountain range is the principal reason for Fanjing Mountain’s inclusion in the UNESCO World Heritage prising the largest subtropical primeval beech forest, the region is home to 2,000 species of plants, such as the endangered Chinese dove tree. Endangered animal species that can be found on Fanjing Mountain and its surrounding mountain range include the Chinese giant salamander, forest musk deer and grey snub-nosed monkey.
Fanjing Mountain is of course also renowned for the breathtaking views from its summit or, more accurately “summits”, as there are three of these! And when night falls leaving this magnificent scenery in darkness, the Mushroom Stone, one of the many strange rock formations, is illuminated so that visitors can still marvel at the wonders of Fanjing Mountain.
All explains why Fanjing Mountain earned its place on the UNESCO World Heritage List.
Thank you for your listening! Now, does anyone have any questions
目标二: To talk about your understanding of a quote
Activity 1: Read the quote and answer the questions.
1 What is your understanding of “clear waters and lush mountains” and “gold and silver”
“Clear Waters and Lush Mountains” refers to our natural environments and “Gold and Silver” refers to invaluable assets.
2 What message is conveyed by the quote
The quote conveys that natural environments are also invaluable assets and we should make every effort to protect them.
Activity 2: Work in groups. Talk about your understanding of the quote. Find example(s) that can prove it and make notes.
My understanding:
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
“clear waters and lush mountains” means a good environment. And “gold and silver” means wealth. The quote means a good environment equals wealth.
My example(s):
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________
We have planted more trees in North and Northwest China over past decades, and now the sandstorm are becoming less and less.
Conclusion:
________________________________________________
Clear waters and lush mountains are gold and silver
Activity 3: Prepare a short speech. Consider the following:
1 the structure of your speech
2 useful words, expressions and structures
Give your speech to the class. Vote for the best speech.
Sample:
I’ll talk about my understanding of the saying “Clear waters and lush mountains are as valuable as gold and silver” by president Xi Jinping. I think that “Clear Waters and Lush Mountains” refers to our natural environments and “Gold and Silver” refers to invaluable assets. The quote conveys that natural environments are also invaluable assets and we should make every effort to protect them. Take the human-planted forest in the North and Northwest China for example, we plant trees to halt the sandstorm harming our living environment, we also get plenty of economic benefits from them. I think that clear waters and lush mountains are gold and silver.
1 Can you retell the structure of a lecture
2 Can you list other sayings about environment protection (共15张PPT)
外研选择性必修
第二册
Unit 5
Period 2
Grammar
1
2
To know the usage of it as an empty object
To use it as an empty object correctly
目标一：To know the usage of it as an empty object
Activity 1: Look at the sentences and answer the questions. Sentence (a) and (c) are from the reading passage.
a. No visitor would think it surprising that the island is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
b. No visitor would think that island being a UNESCO World Heritage Site is surprising.
c. Experts felt it necessary to come up with a plan to remove all the rabbits from the island.
d. Experts felt to come up with a plan to remove all the rabbits from the island was necessary.
1 What does “it” refer to in the sentences (a) and (c)
“It” in sentence (a) refers to “the island is a UNESCO World Heritage Site”.
“It” in sentence (c) refers to “to come up with a plan to remove all the rabbits from the island”
2 What is the difference between the sentences in each group
When the object of a sentence is a that-clause (b) or an infinitive (d), we sometimes use “it” as an empty object and put the real object later to keep balance. For example, sentence (a) uses “it” as the empty object of “think”, referring to the real object: “the island is a UNESCO World Heritage Site”. Sentence (b) uses that-clause as the object of “think”.
Now look for more sentences with this structure in the reading passage, and summarise its uses in your own words.
1) This incident made it clear that rat, mouse and rabbit problem needed solving once and for all.
...
Activity 2: Read the following sentences and summarise what can be used it as an empty object.
1 They felt it difficult to finish the work in such a short time.
2 He thought it absolutely senseless attempting the impossible.
3 I took it for granted that they would not come.
Summary:
我发现，可以用it作形式宾语替代的成分有：______________，______________，______________。
不定式
动名词
从句
当不定式、动名词或从句在某个句子中做宾语时，为了保持句子的结构平衡，常用it作为形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放到句子的后部去。
【语法精讲】
1 it作为形式宾语可以分为两种情况：
(1) 代表不定式。
例如： I don’t feel it difficult to understand the passage.
(2) 代表连接代词或连接副词引导的从句或动名词。
例如：He hasn’t made it clear when he is coming back.
The professor considers it no good reading without understanding.
2 几种特殊情况
1）动词+ it + that从句，常见于take，have，put等动词之后。例如：I take it that he will finish the task by himself.（我认为他能自己完成这项任务。）
2）动词+ it + when/if从句，常见于 appreciate，enjoy，like，prefer 等词之后。
例如：We really appreciate it if you could do us a favour.
（如果您能帮助我，我们会很感激。）
3）动词+ it +介词短语+ that从句，常见于owe it to sb，take it for granted 等结构中。
例如：We owe it to you that we are still alive.
（多有你，我们现在才仍然活着。）
4）动词+介词+ it + that从句，常见于look to，depend on，insist on，stick to，answer for 等结构中。
例如：She insisted on it that she was innocent.
（她坚持说自己是无辜的。）
5）动词+ it+过去分词+从句。
例如：He made it known to everyone that he was right.（他让每个人都明白他是对的。）
目标二: To use it as an empty object correctly
Activity 1: Rewrite the underlined parts using it as an empty object.
The red-eared slider, a species of freshwater turtle, is native to the Southern United States and Northern Mexico. Due to its cute appearance, many people think keeping this turtle as a pet is a good idea. Recent years have seen more and more pet sliders escaping or being released from homes, and some owners believe to release them into the wild is no big issue.
These days, people have found to release these turtles into the wild is a threat to other species. Experts consider owners keeping their pets in an enclosed area important, and anyone unable to keep their pets should take them to an appropriate animal shelter.
1 many people think keeping this turtle as a pet is a good idea
2 believe to release them into the wild is no big issue
3 people have found to release these turtles into the wild is a threat to other species
4 Experts consider owners keeping their pets in an enclosed area important.
many people think it a good idea to keep this turtle as a pet
believe it no big issue to release them into the wild
people have found it a threat to other species to release these turtles into the wild
Experts consider it important for owners to keep their pets in an enclosed area.
Activity 2: Look at the pictures of the Saihanba National Forest Park and describe its changes using it as an empty object where appropriate. You may refer to the words and expressions in the table for help.
1960s
present day
nouns/adjectives to do/that
breakthrough impossible likely unrealistic … grow
investigate
plant trees
transform
…
I think it a breakthrough to transform a desert into a forest...
I believe it likely that more volunteers will help plant more trees around the park.
I find it impossible to investigate all the living species in the park at present.
I feel it unrealistic for the local people to grow rice and wheat for grain industry.
Activity 3: Describe how a place you know has changed using it as an empty object where appropriate.
1 Can you list some sentence structures with it as an empty object
2 Can you describe the change in your hometown with it as an empty object (共16张PPT)
外研选择性必修
第二册
Unit 5
Period 3
Listening and Speaking
1
2
To acquire words and expressions related to ecosystems and use them in talking about the relationships between the living things
To listen for the information about honey bees and use expressions expressing and responding to doubt to talk about the importance of a living thing to ecosystem
目标一：To acquire words and expressions related to ecosystems and use them in talking about the relationships between the living things
Activity 1: Look at the diagram and answer the questions.
Pay attention to the words and expressions in bold.
1 What does the diagram show
The diagram shows a food chain—the connection between the living things.
2 What are the relationships between the living things
The living things are closely connected with each other by the food they eat. Secondary consumers prey on primary consumers. Primary consumers feed on producers. Producers absorb light from the sun, water and dissolved nutrients from the soil, which are provided by decomposers.
Activity 2: Discuss in groups about the meaning of the words and phrases in bold..
absorb:________________________________________________
dissolve nutrients:_______________________________________
______________________________________________________
rely on:________________________________________________
provide energy:_________________________________________
feed on:_______________________________________________
prey on:_______________________________________________
break down:____________________________________________
______________________________________________________
release:________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
to take in
to take in a substance that is needed to keep a living thing alive and to help it grow
to need or be dependent on sb./sth
to give power to sth or to make it available
take...as food
to hunt and kill another animal for food
to make a substance separate into parts or change into a different form in a chemical process
to let sb/sth come out of a place where they have been kept or trapped
Activity 2: Complete the passage with the correct form of the words and expressions.
absorb, dissolve nutrients, rely on, provide energy, feed on, prey on, break down, release
In a woodland ecosystem, trees and other plants are producers. They 1____________ water and take in nutrients from the soil and energy from the sun. Insects are an example of a primary consumer. They 2____________ the producers to provide food for them, and are 3____________ by secondary consumers: small mammals and birds. They 4____________ the primary consumers. Worms, fungi and bacteria are decomposers. They 5____________ animal waste and the remains of living things. The chemicals these decomposers 6____________ fertilise the soil and give the plants the nutrients they need to grow.
absorb
rely on
fed on
prey on
break down
release
目标二: To listen for the information about honey bees and use expressions expressing and responding to doubt to talk about the importance of a living thing to ecosystem
One of the oldest species in the ecosystem, the honey bee has been in existence for millions of years.
A honey bee can fly as fast as 24 kilometres per hour and its wings can beat 200 times per second.
In just one journey to collect pollen and nectar, one single honey bee can pollinate as many as 50 to 100 flowers.
Did You Know
Activity 1: Listen to the conversation and choose the true statements.
1. Bees are very important to our food supply because they provide honey.
2. The bee population is declining.
3. Without bees, humans would die out.
4. All human crops depend on bees for pollination.
5. If bees became extinct, other insects could pollinate enough crops.
6. Humans are responsible for the decline in the bee population.
Activity 2: Listen again and finish the two tasks.
Task 1: Listen again and complete the flow chart.
A combination of things damages bee habitats, mainly 1____________________________
The bee population is 2_____________________. According to statistics, bee numbers in the US 3_____________________ in just one year.
Without bees, crops would 4 _____________________.
5 _____________________ would not be able to compensate for the loss of bees, because 6______________________________________________ of the species of crops.
pesticides and climate change
declining very quickly
have fallen by 70%
be unable to reproduce
Other insects
bees are responsible for pollinating about 70%
Animals that live on the crops 7_____________________.
Humans have nothing to eat and die out.
would die out
Task 2: Discuss and talk about the importance of bees.
Sample:
Bees are very important. Without bees, crops would be unable to reproduce. Meanwhile, other insects would not be able to compensate for the loss of bees, because bees are responsible for pollinating about 70% of the species of crops. Without bees, numerous plants species would die out. As a result, animals that live on the crops would disappear, and humans would have nothing to eat.
Activity 3: Complete the boxes with the useful expressions from the conversation.
You must be kidding!
I don’t believe it!
It’s a fact!
Don’t forget that...
Are you sure about...
Check it out for yourself...
According to statistics.
Expressing doubt
Responding to doubt
You must be kidding!
I don’t believe it!
Are you sure about...
It’s a fact!
Don’t forget that...
Check it out for yourself ...
According to statistics...
Activity 4: Work in pairs. Talk about what would happen to the ecosystem if another species died out. Use the words and expressions in this section.
Sample:
Student A: Hey, Mark, what do you think would happen to the ecosystem if wolves died out
Student B: I don’t think it has a big impact on the ecosystem.
Student A: If wolves died out, it would threaten the planet’s balance.
Student B: What ! You must be kidding! I don’t believe it!
Student A: It’s a fact! I watched a nature article about it.
Student B: How can that be possible
Student A: Wolves feed on sheep. People capture and kill them to get more benefits from sheep, which causes the wolf population declining quickly. Without wolves, sheep would start breeding, and the number of sheep would be larger and larger.
Student B: So more milk, meat, and fur would be provided to people.
Student A: It sounds reasonable. Don’t forget that the wild rabbits and cows compete for the grass with sheep. Years later, the number of grass would be greatly reduced. In turn, numerous sheep would die of starvation. Even worse, much of the grassland would become desert.
Student B: That’s scary.
Student A: Remember that we are a part of the food chain, so we would be in danger too!
Student B: Obviously, human activity is the main cause.
Student A: That’s right.
Student B: Well, we’d better do something before it’s too late.
Now think about how your knowledge helped you contribute to the discussion.
1 Can you list more words and expressions related to ecosystem
2 Why are bees so important to the ecosystem (共29张PPT)
外研选择性必修
第二册
Unit 5
Period 4
Reading
教学目
Lead-in
Watch the video and answer the questions.
1 Where is Shennongjia and what is it famous for
2 What else do you know about Shennongjia
1 Where is Shennongjia and what is it famous for
2 What else do you know about Shennongjia
Shennongjia lies in the north-west of Hubei Province and is famous for its beauty and diversity.
The Shennongjia Nature Reserve is in northwestern Hubei Province. It covers an area of 3,253 square kilometers. In 2013, it was approved as Shennongjia Global Geopark. Afterwards, it was listed as a world heritage by UNESCO in 2016.
1
2
To find out why Shennongjia has been chosen as a UNESCO World Heritage, work out the structure of a lecture and talk about the differences and similarities of two things
To use the key language points from the passage correctly
目标一: To find out why Shennongjia has been chosen as a UNESCO World Heritage, work out the structure of a lecture and talk about the differences and similarities of two things
Activity 1: Look at the title of the passage and think about what it means.
WHY SHENNONGJIA
The title raises a question: Why did Shennongjia make it onto the UNESCO World Heritage List
Now read the passage and check your answer.
Activity 2: Read the passage quickly and the following information.
Style of writing
The topic of the text
The theme of the text
Expressive methods
A lecture
Shennongjia made it onto the UNESCO World Heritage List
People of Shennongjia live in harmony with nature.
By using data, examples and comparisons, verbal and visual information included.
Learning to learn
The lecture is one of the oldest teaching methods, and is still widely used today. A typical lecture often starts with addressing the topic directly. Data, examples and comparisons are then used to support the main ideas. Both verbal and visual information is used in order to maintain the audience’s interest.The end of a lecture is often followed by a short question-and-answer session.
Activity 3: Read the passage quickly and find out
what each paragraph is mainly about.
Para.1 _______________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Para.2 _______________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Para.3 _______________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Para 4 _______________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Give the lecture on behalf of the Be at One with Nature Association
Why Shennongjia made it onto the UNESCO World Heritage
Shennongjia meets two criteria required by the list
For the first criterion, Shennongjia is one of the most “complete” natural areas in the world
Para.5 _______________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Para.6 _______________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Para.7 _______________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Para 8 _______________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Para 9 _______________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
For the second criterion, Shennongjia has incredible biodiversity
How the scientists protect the species
How the local people protect the nature
Understanding, awareness and hard work have contributed towards protecting Shennongjia
Expresses thanks and asks if anyone has any questions.
Activity 4:Work in groups. Make the mind map for the lecture.
Activity 5: Read the sentences from the passage and decide if they serve to give data (D), examples (E) or make comparisons (C).
1. The region rises from about 400 metres to over 3,000 metres above sea level.__________
2. ... over 3,000 plant species have been recorded there. This represents more than ten per cent of China’s total floral richness.__________
3. Shennongjia supports more than 600 vertebrate species, including the Golden Snub-nosed Monkey and the Clouded Leopard. __________
4. In winter, scientists brave heavy snowed and freezing temperatures to supply food to the Golden Snub-nosed Monkey. __________
5. Although endangered elsewhere in China due to the invasion of foreign species, the bees of Shennongjia have coexisted with the local people for centuries. __________
D
D
D E
E
C
Activity 6: Think & Share
1 What roles do the questions in Paragraph 2 play
The purpose of these questions is to interest the audience and introduce the topic of the lecture.
2 According to the passage, what has been done to protect the ecology of Shennongjia
The scientists made efforts to take care of the animals. What’s more, local people live their life and make things from nature without causing damage.
3 Which part of Shennongjia interests you most Why
The lifestyle of the local people. Because they live and work in harmony with nature, they have both wealth and health-the two important items in life.
Activity 7: Work in groups. Give a talk comparing Macquarie Island and Shennongjia.
1 Think about the similarities and differences between Macquarie Island and Shennongjia and make notes.
Similarities: Differences:
Both have unique animals Macquarie is an island, while Shennongjia is a mountainous area.
Both have wild and natural beauty
Both are UNESCO World Heritage sites.
Macquqrie Island was once in chaos due to the introduction of non-native species, while Shennongjia has always been in natural harmony.
The native species of Macquarie Island existed for thousands of years, while some of the plants and animals in Shennongjia have survived over millions of years.
Shennongjia has more varied species of plants and animals than Macquarie Island.
2 Decide what conclusions you can draw from comparing the two places and what you would like to include in your talk.
3 Give your talk to the class.
Sample:
Today, I’d like to talk about similarities and differences between Macquarie Island and Shennongjia.
As we know, Both Macquarie Island and Shennongjia are UNESCO World Heritage sites. They both have unique animals, wild and natural beauty.
However, they are different from each other in many ways. Macquarie is an island, while Shennongjia is a mountainous area.Macquqrie Island was once in chaos due to the introduction of non-native species, while Shennongjia has always been in natural harmony. The native species of Macquarie Island existed for thousands of years, while some of the plants and animals in Shennongjia have survived over millions of years. Shennongjia has more varied species of plants and animals than Macquarie Island.
目标二: To use the key language points from the passage correctly
Activity 1: Find the important words, phrases, and language points you want to share with your partner.
Then discuss in groups and share their usage with the class.
1 on behalf of 代表
【教材原文】It is my great pleasure to give a lecture here on behalf of the Be at One with Nature Association.
我很开心能代表人与自然和谐相处协会在这里发表演讲。
【句型分析】It作形式主语，动词不定式短语to give...作真正的主语。
2 be named after 以......命名
【教材原文】Is it the legendary father of Chinese herbal medicine, Shennong, [1]after whom the park is named
还是因为它是以中国草药之父神农命名？
【句型分析】after whom 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰名词Shennong。
3 capture v. 引起（注意、想象、兴趣）
【教材原文】Or is it the mysterious creature called
“Yeren” (wild man) that has captured the imagination of the world
抑或是叫作“野人”的神秘生物吸引了全世界的目光？
【句型分析】本句为强调句型，强调 the mysterious creature called “Yeren”（wild man）；过去分词短语called“Yeren”（wild man）作后置定语，修饰名词creature。
4 criterion n. 标准，准则 criteria （复数）
UNESCO awarded Shennongjia this status [1]because it meets two criteria required by the list.
【句型分析】because 引导原因状语从句；过去分词短语required by the list作后置定语，修饰名词criteria。
5 The region rises from about 400 metres to over 3,000 metres above sea level, [1] giving it the name the “Roof of Central China”.
该地区的海拔从大约400米上升到3000多米，被称为“华中屋脊”。
【句型分析】句中[1]现在分词短语作结果状语。
6 result in 导致；引起
a wide variety of 各种各样的；种类繁多的
【教材原文】The vast range in altitude results in a great variation in climatic conditions. This allows a wide variety of species to thrive.
海拔的巨大差异导致了迥然不同的气候环境
【归纳拓展】
result from 起因于，由......造成
as a result 结果，因此
as a result of 由于，作为......的结果
7 be regarded as 被视作；被认为
【教材原文】Some of the plants and animals have survived millions of years, and are regarded as living fossils.
一些动植物生存了数百万年，被视为活化石。
8 supply vt.供应，提供 n.[C]供应（量），供给（量）；（常用复数）日用品，补给品
In winter, scientists brave heavy snow and freezing temperatures [1] to supply food to the Golden Snub-nosed Monkey.
冬季，科学家们不畏暴雪和严寒为川金丝猴提供食物。
【句型分析】句中[1] to supply food to the Golden Snub-nosed Monkey为动词不定式短语作目的状语。句中单词brave为形容词作动词，译为“冒（风险，恶劣天气）；勇敢面对”
【词义辨析】supply, provide与offer
易混词 辨析 例句
supply 尤指大量供应、供给 supply sb.with sth. supply sth.to sb. Cows supply us with milk.
=Cows supply milk to us.
provide 强调提供所需之物 provide sb.with sth. provide sth.for sb. They provided the children with food and clothes.
= They provided food and clothes for the children.
offer 强调主动提供 offer sb.sth. offer sth.to sb. He offered me a job.
=He offered a job to me.
9 impressive 令人称赞的；令人敬佩的
【教材原文】But the most impressive aspect of Shennongjia is the local people, [1]who take things from nature without causing damage.
不过神农架给人印象最深的地方还在于当地人的生活方式，他们从大自然中索取，但不会破坏生态平衡。
【句型分析】句中[1]who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰the local people。
10 [1]I visited a local village which is known for its home-made honey. [2]What is special about the honey is that it is produced by the earliest species of Chinese bee.
【句型分析】句[1]中which is known for its home-made honey引导定语从句，修饰a local village。句[2]what引导主语从句；that引导表语从句。
11due to 由于；因为
in return 作为回报/报答；作为回应
【教材原文】[1]Although endangered elsewhere in China due to the invasion of foreign species, the bees of Shennongjia have coexisted with the local people for centuries. By providing the bees with a secure home, the villagers collect their honey in return.
虽然在中国的其他地区，由于外来物种入侵，这种蜜蜂濒临灭绝，但是神农架的人们和这种蜜蜂已经共存了几个世纪。村民为它们提供安全住所，蜜蜂为人们提供蜂蜜。
【句型分析】句[1] 状语从句的主语和主句的主语相同时，可以省略状语从句的主语。如果从句的谓语动词是主动语态就用现在分词形式，如果是被动语态就用过去分词形式。
例如：If seen from this position, the picture looks rather good.
When given a physical examination, you should keep calm.
再者，coexist常和with搭配使用，意为“共存，共生”。例如：The question is no longer how to remove wolves but how to coexist with them.
12 live in harmony with... 与……和谐共生
【教材原文】This is just one of the ways [1]in which people of Shennongjia live and work in harmony with nature.
这只是神农架的村民与自然和谐相处的方式之一。
【句型分析】in which 引导定语从句，修饰名词ways。
Activity 2: Complete the summary with the correct words or
the correct forms of the words in the bracket according to the passage.
Shennongjia made it onto the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2016. It is neither its forests 1.___________ its wild man that has brought the status. It is because Shennongjia meets two 2.___________ (criterion) required by the list.
nor
criteria
It contains a naturally-balanced environment with various species, 3.___________ scientists can observe them in their 4.___________ (biology) and ecological processes. 5. ___________ (addition), Shennongjia is also one of the most “complete” natural areas in the world, with a wide variety of species living in 6. ___________ same place. In order to protect the wild animals, scientists brave heavy snow 7.___________ (supply) food to the animals here. Apart from that, the local people take things from nature without 8. ___________ (cause) damage. That is why the wild animals and the local people can coexist in harmony 9.___________ each other. All those well explain why Shennongjia 10.___________ (deserve) its place on the UNESCO World Heritage List.
where
biological
Additionally
the
to supply
causing
with
deserves
1 What are the two criteria required by the UNESCO World Heritage list
2 Do you like the way of life of the people in Shennongjia Why
