2024中考英语试题研究 第二部分 专题二 第2讲 形容词和副词 课件 (共45张PPT)

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名称 2024中考英语试题研究 第二部分 专题二 第2讲 形容词和副词 课件 (共45张PPT)
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(共45张PPT)
专 题 二
用法丰富的名词、形容词和副词
第2讲 形容词和副词
4
第二节 形容词短语辨析
(10年70考,近10年连续考查;选择填空、完形填空)
1
考情概览
5
第三节 副词词义辨析
6
考情概览
2
第一节 形容词词义辨析
3
考情概览
7
第四节 形容词和副词的比较等级
考情概览
成都近10年中考在选择填空、完形填空中考查形容词词义辨析。具体考查角度如下:
事物描述类:单项选择(2022A.37, 2014A.44);完形填空(10年20考),态度看法类(10年8考),人物情绪类(10年5考),人物状态类(2020A.49,2016A.68)。
第一节 形容词词义辨析
(10年37考,近10年连续考查;选择填空、完形填空)
课标知识导图
常考类别(10年37考)
形容词(10年37考):①常考类别(10年37考) ②句法功能
1.事物描述类:poor, easy, safe, valuable, similar, clean, difficult, expensive
2.人物情绪类:angry, happy, excited, proud, sad, upset, worried
3.人物性格类: active, brave, confident, patient, shy, strict
4.人物状态类: busy ,free,full, hungry , lonely, tired,thirsty
5.人(动)物描述类: funny, traditional, noisy, popular, special, terrible
6.态度看法类: bad, true, necessary
句法功能
(1)This is a busy term!→一般情况下,位于名词前, 起描述、修饰或限定被修饰词的作用
(2)I want to watch something interesting.→修饰复合不定代词时,通常后置
1.作定语
2.作表语 Everything sounds really good!→位于系动词后
3.作补足语
The classroom is always kept clean.→可以作主语补足语和宾语补足语。常用的词有find, make, think等
4.作状语
Sick and weak, he can't come to school.→形容词在句中作状语,可位于句首、句中或句尾,表原因、结果、伴随等
课标知识导图
第二节 形容词短语辨析
(2020A.57,2014A.69;完形填空)
形容词短语
(2020A.57,2014A.69)
be worried about对……担心 be serious about对……认真
be sure/certain about对……有把握
be shocked at 对……震惊(2020A.57) be good at擅长
be surprised at对……吃惊 be mad at 对……生气
be interested in对……感兴趣 be rich in富含……
be weak in不擅长……
形容词短语
(2020A.57.2014A.69)
be bad for对……有坏处 be famous/known for 以……而著名
be hungry/thirsty for渴望;渴求 be late for迟到
be ready for准备好……
be different from不同于(2014A.69) be absent from 缺席
be able to能够(做某事) be close to靠近,接近
be friendly to对……友好 be helpful to对……有帮助
be good/kind/nice to对……好 be similar to与……相似
be afraid of害怕 be proud of 因……而骄傲
be short of短缺 be tired of厌烦
be angry with (sb.)对(某人)发怒 be busy with 忙于
be strict with 对……严格要求 be patient with对……有耐心
be pleased/satisfied with对……感到满意 be popular with受……欢迎
考情概览
成都近10年中考在选择填空、完形填空中考查副词词义辨析。具体考查角度如下:
1.选择填空:
频度副词(2014A.37);
第三节 副词词义辨析
(10年23考,近8年连续考查;选择填空、完形填空)
考情概览
2. 完形填空:
① ly副词(10年 8考);
②连接副词(10年3考);
③时间副词(10年3考);
④其他副词(10年3考);
⑤程度副词(2022A.56, 2021A.53);
⑥频度副词(2016A.59);
⑦疑问副词(2023A.55);
⑧地点副词(2023A.51)。
课标知识导图
副词(10年23考):①用法 ②辨析(10年23考)
(1)I really enjoy staying with my grandparents.→修饰动词
(2)The movie is really moving.→修饰形容词
(3)Finally, all the students got to school.→修饰整个句子
用法
1.作状语
2.作定语
The food here is very delicious.→少数地点副词和时间副词可以作定语,放在所修饰词的后面。
用法
3.作表语
4.作补足语
My father will be back in a week.→表示主语的方位、方向、
动作或状态等。
An apple a day keeps the doctor away.→可以作主语补足语和宾语﹐补足语,说明主语和宾语所处的位置、状态、性质、特征等。
辨析(10年23考)
1.-ly副词(10年8考): unluckily(2023A.46), suddenly(2022A.47,2015A.58), actually(2021A.50), simply(2020A.48), sadly(2020A.56), excitedly(2018A.59), differently(2016A.62), quietly, bravely, exactly等。
注意:有些以-ly结尾的词是形容词而不是副词,如:lovely, friendly等。
2.程度副词(2022A.
56,2021A.53)
6.疑问副词〔2023A.55): where,why, how(2023A.55), when
even(2022A.56),wel1(2021A.53),just,quite, rather,
pretty , right, so, too,far
辨析(10年23考)
3.连接副词(10年3考)
instead,(2022A.59), however(2017A.49), first(2014A. 53), also, anyway , besides,then等
4.时间副词(10年3考)
still(2023A.58,2014A.70), already(2017A.53), then, late, early, soon, once,now等
5.频度副词(2016A.
59,2014A.37)
always,usually,often(2014A.37),sometimes, seldom, hardly,never(2016A.59)
7.地点副词(2023A.51)
outdoors (2023A.51), here, there, home,away , outside, anywhere
辨析(10年23考)
8.其他副词(10年3考)
up(2022A.50), of(2019A.53), again(2019A.54), on, towards, down
考情概览
成都近10年中考在选择填空、完形填空中考查形容词和副词的比较 等级。具体考查角度如下:
1.比较级的用法:①根据标志词than判断:选择填空(10年3考);② 根据语境判断:选择填空(2019A.38, 2018A.38),完形填空(2014A.59)。
2.最高级的用法:
根据标志词in判断:选择填空(2023A. 35, 2016A.44)。
第四节 形容词和副词的比较等级
(10年8考;选择填空、完形填空)
语篇学语法
根据文章内容提示,用括号内所给形容词和副词的适当形式填空。
[素材改编自北师八(上) Unit 3 P98]
Andrew recently experienced the most amazing trip of his life. He successfully climbed Mount Kilimanjaro, the 1.    (high) mountain in Africa.
结合上方语篇,针对文章的解题方法进行填空。
①根据空前提示词the并结合句意可知,此处表示最高的,应用high的
    形式。
最高级
highest
Although his plane ticket was 2.       (expensive) than a ticket to England, he was excited that he went on this journey.
②根据空后提示词than并结合句意可知,此处表示更贵的,应用expensive的    形式。
Compared with the mountains near his city, Mount Kilimanjaro is much 3.      (difficult) to climb.
③根据空前提示词    并结合句意可知,此处应用difficult的   .形式。
比较级
more expensive
much
more difficult
比较级
It is important to choose the right time to visit as 4.     (early) as possible.
④根据空格前后提示词as...as可知,此处考查as+adj./adv.原级+as的结构,应用early的     形式;此处early的词性为     ,修饰动词visit。
From March to June,there is a lot of snow and rain,making it the
5.       (dangerous) time of the year to climb.
⑤根据空前提示词    并结合句意可知,此处表示最危险的,应用dangerous的    形式。
原级
副词
early
the
最高级
most dangerous
⑥根据空后提示词    并结合句意可知,此处表示更糟糕的,应用bad的    形式。
He was lucky to visit in January, and the weather was mostly suitable. In fact, the weather in his hometown was 6.    (bad) than that on Mount Kilimanjaro on most days!
than
比较级
worse
⑦根据空前提示词The higher并分析句子结构可知,此处考查________ _________________________结构,表示“越……,越……”。
The climb itself was challenging in both physical and mental strength. The higher he climbed, the 7.    (cold) it became.
He was not the 8.    (good) climber in his group, but he decided to reach the top.
⑧根据空前提示词the以及空后in his group并结合句意可知,此处表示最好的,应用good的    形式。
the+比较
级……,the+比较级……
colder
最高级
best
⑨根据空后提示词than并结合句意可知,此处表示更努力地,应用hard的    形式,此处hard的词性为    ,修饰动词    。
He pushed himself 9.    (hard) than ever before and he made it successfully. At that moment, the beautiful view and the sense of achievement made it all worth it.
比较级
副词
pushed
harder
⑩此处考查one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数的用法,应用great的    形式。
The journey of climbing to the top also describes a tiny picture of overcoming challenges in life and achieving our goals. It can be regarded as one of the 10.    (great) things in the world. The journey may be difficult, but the prize is worth it.
最高级
greatest
附:形容词和副词比较等级的变形规律
(1)规则变化
构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级
直接在词尾加 er/ est low(2017B.三3) sweet(2015B.二5) long ①___________  ③___________ longer ②___________ 
④___________ longest
以不发音的字母e结尾的加 r/ st nice large nicer ⑤___________  nicest
⑥___________ 
lower
lowest
sweeter
sweetest
larger
largest
构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级
以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母,则双写这个辅音字母,再加 er/ est big fat hot bigger ⑦___________  ⑨___________  biggest
⑧___________
⑩___________     
以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词,变y为i,再加 er/ est happy easy happier ___________  happiest
___________ 
fatter
fattest
hotter
hottest
easier
easiest
构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级
在多音节词和部分双音节词前加more/the most careful important _______________ _______________  ________________
_______________ 
more careful
most careful
more important
most important
(2)不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good/well(10年3考) _______________     _______________    
bad/badly _______________     _______________   
many/much(2018B.三9,2014B.二7) _______________     _______________    
little(2020B.三4) _______________     _______________   
far(2021B.三2) _______________     _______________    
old _______________     ______________   
better
best
worse
worst
more
most
less
least
farther/further
farthest/furthest
older/elder
oldest/eldest
课标知识导图
原级的用法
形容词和副词的比较等级(10年8考):①原级的用法 ②比较级的用法(10年6考)
③最高级的用法( 2023 A.35,2016A44)
1.The boy is too young.→由表示程度的副词very, so, too, enough, quite等
修饰时
2.She is as tall as her mother.→as+形容词或副词原级+as
3.The red skirt is not so beautiful as that blue one.→A+系动词/动词+not+so /as+原级十as+B
4.Our ball is twice as big as theirs.→A+系动词/动词+倍数+as+原级+as+B
比较级的用法(10年
6考)
1.She is better than Tom in English.→A+系动词/动词+比较级+than+B
2.It's even colder today.→由much, even,far, still, a little, a bit, rather等修饰时
3.He is growing taller and taller.→比较级+and+比较级
4.The more books she reads, the more she knows.
→the+比较级……,the+比较级……
5.Which is nearer to the sun, the Mars or the earth →表示两者之间进行选择:Which/W ho+be/动词+比较级,A or B
6.Tony runs three times faster than me.→A+be/动词+倍数+比较级+than+B
7.The film was less interesting than the book.→A+be/动词+less/more+双多音节形容词原级+than+B
8.The high-speed rail is amazing.It makes travel easier.→根据语境判断比较级
最高级的用法( 2023 A.35,2016A44)
1.Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world.→in/of/among短语表示范围时
2.Lao She was one of the greatest Chinese writers of the twentieth century. →one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数
3.Who is the tallest boy in your class →表示在三者及三者以上范围内进行选择:Which/W ho+be/动词+the+形容词最高级+范围
4.It is the second tallest tower in China.→A+be+the+序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数+范围
5.There are four seasons.The spring is the best one.→根据语境判断最高级
随堂检测
基础训练
1. (2023成都A.35)The book of Songs is the      collection of poems in China and the beginning of China's poetry tradition.
A. early B. earlier C. earliest
2. (2022成都A.37)The 21.58 meter long 3D printed bridge in Chengdu, with its      part reaching 8 meters and highest point hitting 2.68 meters,is really amazing.
A. biggest B. widest C. longest
C
B
3. (2021 成都 A.33)With the help of 5G technology, the apps on the smart phone can provide      functions for the users than before.
A. many B. more C. most
4. (2019成都A.38)Compared with newspapers or TV, the Internet offers people      information.
A. much B. more C. most
5. (2018成都A.38)—Mary, do you prefer weekdays or weekends?
—Of course weekdays. Because I'm      on weekends.
A. busy B. much busier C. the busiest
B
B
B
6. (2023成华区二诊)—Who do you think will win the race among the three girls?
—It must be Lily. I think she runs     .
A. faster B. fastest C. most slowly
7. (2023成华区一诊)—Would you like to go to the city and live with
us, Granny?
—Oh, dear, I'm used to the life in the country. I think life here is .
A. more comfortable B. less comfortable C. the most comfortable
B
A
8. (2023高新区一诊)You should be even      to your grandpa because he is getting older and older.
A. patient B. more patient C. most patient
9. (2023高新区二诊)Balanced diets are just as      as regular exercise in our daily life.
A. valuable B. more valuable C. most valuable
10. After a whole night's heavy rain, the city becomes much     . I can't wait to go for a walk.
A. clean B. cleaner C. the cleanest
B
A
B
11. If you keep reading news every day, you'll learn      knowledge about the world than others.
A. much B. more C. most
12. After tasting all kinds of foods, Suzy realized the food cooked by her mom was     .
A. delicious B. more delicious C. the most delicious
13. Jason always helps people in need. He is the     person I have seen.
A. nice B. nicest C. nicer
B
C
B
14. The more effort we put into protecting the environment, the    the air in our cities will be.
A. fresher B. fresh C. freshest
15. Although the price of the new dictionary was      than the one he used before, John bought it in the end.
A. high B. higher C. the highest
16. Among all of the questions our teacher left, it's      one, so we got the answer very quickly.
A. simple B. simpler C. the simplest
A
B
C
17. My hometown is      than before because there are trees being planted every spring.
A. greener B. greenest C. green
18. Reading plenty of books makes us much     . Why not take up reading as your hobby?
A. wise B. wiser C. wisest
A
B
19. The number of the elderly people in China is much      than that of ten years ago.
A. large B. largest C. larger
20. Jenny studies      among the students. She has always been the top in our class.
A. hard B. harder C. hardest
C
C
Passage 1
It was 6:00 o'clock in the morning. When Maria walked into the kitchen, her dad was so  1  to see his sleep loving daughter.
“I made a to do list that made me  2  with what I should do in a day,” Maria said and handed him the list.
( )1. A. scared B. surprised C. lucky
( )2. A. clear B. popular C. bored
语篇提能
B
A
As her father looked over the list, he thought there were too many things. Maria told her father she had   3   done the first resolution(决心) with a smile.
At noon in the dining hall,Amy asked Maria whether her lunch was delicious or not. Maria explained,“Resolution Number 2 says my lunch has to be healthy,not  4  tasty.”
( )3. A. only B. hardly C. already
( )4. A. strangely B. necessarily C. possibly
C
B
After lunch, Maria hurried out to read a book and exercise for half an hour. Exercising right after lunch made her feel  5 ! In the next few days, Maria got up earlier to spare time for everything on her list. On Friday night, Maria was so tired that she lay on the sofa at home.
Her father said that she should keep resolutions on her list easy. Maria came up with a new idea. She made up a new list which was shorter, simpler, and easier to do.
( )5. A. full B. sick C. warm
B
Passage 2
Last winter my parents took me to hike in a deep, wide valley(山谷). They love being outside in nature.
But I was not so  1  outdoor activities.  2 , my father said this was one of my grandfather's favorite places. I didn't remember my grandfather  3 , so I began to look forward to the trip and the place.
( )1. A. famous for B. interested in C. afraid of
( )2. A. Besides B. Anyway C. However
( )3. A. clearly B. surely C. easily
B
C
A
After we arrived at the valley, my mother said that we had to leave our car there. “The only way to get down to the lake is on foot. It will allow you to get  4  to nature,” she explained. About halfway down, we stopped for a rest. It was a much harder journey than I had expected. Then I thought to myself that how Grandpa made it to the bottom and what his  5  place was like. I decided to keep going.
( )4. A. deeper B. farther C. closer
( )5. A. favorite B. secret C. sweet
C
A
 6 , we made it to the bottom. When I stood near the lake, I got a  7  feeling of being connected to my grandfather than ever before. I was in the place that he loved and spent time. I  8  realized that I was walking in my Grandpa's footsteps.
( )6. A. Actually B. Recently C. Finally
( )7. A. stronger B. heavier C. higher
( )8. A. probably B. proudly C. suddenly
C
A
C
It seemed that he was in the  9  trip with us.
It's  10  to enjoy the view with my parents! It also feels great to be connected with the family!
( )9. A. boring B. funny C. wonderful
( )10. A. crazy B. perfect C. fair
C
B
语篇研读
What:本文讲述了对户外活动不感兴趣的作者和父母一起徒步前往祖父最喜欢的地方的故事。
Why:引导学生多花时间陪伴家人,同时也要多亲近大自然,感受自然之美。
语篇研读
How:①文体特征:记叙文。
②情感线:本文以作者的情感变化为线索,从对户外运动不感兴趣→ 听到是祖父喜欢的地方,充满期待→只能走路去湖边,感到困难→想到祖父是如何做到的,继续坚持→最后成功到达。
③语言特点:文章使用了一些表示时间的连词,如After,Then,Finally等,让读者更加清晰地理解故事的情节发展。