2024届上海市部分区高三上学期期末考试（一模）英语试题分类汇编：语法填空（含解析）
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上海市部分区
2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试（一模）英语试题分类汇编
语法填空
2024届上海市闵行区高三上学期学业质量调研一模英语试卷
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The rainforests are alive with the sound of animals. Besides the pleasure of the noise, it is useful to ecologists. Listening out for animal calls is considered a method of measuring the biodiversity of a piece of land. (21)______ ______ it is much easier than digging under the bushes looking for tracks, such analysis is time-consuming. It also requires (22)______ expert pair of ears.
In a paper published in Nature Communications, a group of researchers led by J rg Müller, an ecologist at the University of Würzburg, describe a better way: have a computer do the job. Smartphone apps already exist through (23)______ the sounds of birds or mammals (哺乳动物) can be identified.
The researchers took recordings from across 43 sites in the Ecuadorean Rainforest(厄瓜多尔雨林). Some sites were relatively primitive, old-growth forests. Others were areas that (24)_____ (clear)for pasture (牧场) already. Sound recordings were taken four times every hour, over two weeks. The various calls were identified manually by an expert, and then used to construct a list of the species present. As expected, the longer the land had been free from agricultural activity, the more significant the biodiversity it hosted.
Then it was the computer’s turn. The researchers fed their recordings to (25)______(train)AI models, using sound samples from elsewhere in Ecuador, to identify 75 bird species from their calls. They found the AI tools could identify the sounds as well as the experts.
Not everything in a rainforest makes a noise. Having used light-traps to capture night-flying insects and DNA analysis (26)______ (identify) them, Dr Müller and his colleagues found the diversity of noisy animals was a reliable indicator for the diversity of the quieter(27)______, too.
The results may have relevance outside ecology departments, too. Under pressure (28)______ their customers, some make-up companies and oil firms have been spending money on forest restoration projects. Dr Müller hopes an automated approach to (29)______ (check) on the results could help monitor such efforts. This method would also provide a standardized way to measure (30)______ they are working as well as their sponsors say.
2024届上海市杨浦区高三上学期学业质量调研一模英语试卷
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Going Hungry in the Land of the Rich
The United States is one of the world’s wealthiest countries. Despite this, many Americans struggle just to put healthy food, or any food at all, on the table every day. One might think that a food shortage (21) _________ (happen) in America, but this is not the case. There is more than sufficient food for everyone, 40% of (22) ________ is unfortunately, wasted every day. There are many different ways food (23) ________ (waste): farmers only pick the best-looking crops, deliveries aren’t made on time, supermarkets throw out extra products, customers buy more than they need, and so on. The highest level of wastage tends to happen in the richest communities.
Meanwhile, people who live in poor or rural areas often have little or no access to food. These areas are called “food deserts.” They have fewer supermarkets, and the only food options that they (24) ________ afford are often unhealthy ones. Healthy foods (25) ________ ________fresh fruits and vegetables may be impossible to find. Sadly, 12.8% of the American population live in food deserts.
What can we do to help (26) ________ who don’t have enough food Shirley and Annie Zhu came up with a solution. In 2017, when Hurricane Harvey destroyed over 100,000 homes in their city, Houston, the sisters got involved. (27) _______ helping to clear water from a flooded supermarket, they saw a huge amount of food being wasted. At the same time, thousands of people in the city didn't have enough (28) ________ (eat).
The girls set up Fresh Hub with 10 of their classmates, (29) ________ (hope)to do something to help. They created an app which could be used by residents to find out (30) _______ fresh food was available. Then they contacted local farmers and supermarkets to ask for their extra food. To date, Fresh Hub has delivered more than 15,000 pounds of food to people in need.
上海市松江区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末质量监控英语试卷
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Buy Now, Pay Later Spending
Buy now, pay later (BNPL)spending is expected to rise to record levels this holiday season. With so many young "buy now, pay later" shoppers already in debt from this short-term financing tool not requiring interest, questions emerge: Why do these shoppers use such a tool And what risks does it pose to their budgets in the months (21) ______(come)
The many Generation Z and millennials (typically around 40 years and younger) tend to use this short-term financing,(22)_______allows them to buy items and pay for them over time. Offered mostly by financial technologies, BNPL allows these customers to pay back their purchases (23)______ interest and with the first payment usually made at checkout. The most common "buy now, pay later" plan is (24) ______ customers make four equal payments and pay off the debt in six weeks. It's been a lifeline for some people, such as a university student (25)______ weekly income is not big enough.“BNPL provides consumers with flexible payment options so they (26) ______ manage spending, "said Vivek Pandya, lead analyst at Adobe Digital Insights. That is of great importance for many consumers, especially (27)______with a tendency to purchase higher-cost items.
However, since BNPL (28)______(appear),warnings from experts have come into our view. They have been indicating that it's financially unhealthy to form such a spending habit. According to New York Federal Reserve economists, BNPL may encourage debt to increase over time,(29)_____(influence)a consumer's ability to meet non-BNPL commitments, or users to overextend themselves. Users should also note that (30) _______interest is not charged on the loan, they'll be hit with late fees for missed payments, which can add up quickly, says the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau.
2024届上海市徐汇区高三上学期一模英语试卷
Section A
Directions:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Perhaps even more incredible is that it’s smack bang in the middle of Kentucky.
Mammoth Cave National Park preserves this unique and historical natural wonder. As large as the limestone cave system is, park officials, estimate there (21) _______ be another 600 miles of cave passageways that have yet to be explored.
(22) _______ _______ _______ those unexplored, more than 200 caves exist in the park that are disconnected from the larger system.
The incredible rock formations have resulted in the park (23) _______ (recognize) as a World Heritage Site, thanks to its extraordinary size and scientific importance – making it one of only 13 natural US sites with that title.
The caves were created naturally by the process of limestone erosion, which is known as “karst topography”. Rain and rivers slowly dissolve and shape soft limestone, which creates the vast underground network. The system is still being shaped and carved today. Not only are they a stunning destination to visit, but the system also provides drinking water for roughly 40% of the US population – and they’re (24) _______ historical significance too.
The caves act as a time capsule that preserve over 5,000 years of human history – and the caves’ first explorers were Native Americans, who (25) _______ (mine) the upper levels of Mammoth Cave. Thanks to the cave system’s atmosphere and natural protection from any kind of human disturbance, the archaeological sites have been left in great shape. Several sets of Native American remains have been recovered, (26) _______ (provide) fascinating evidence of pre-Columbian funerary practices.
Mammoth Cave was established as a national park thanks to strong local support. Back in the 1920s, Secretary of the Interior Hubert Work created the Southern Appalachian National Park Commission in 1925 to survey (27) _______ (propose) park sites, including the caves. After years of work acquiring the land for the park, as well as building roads, trails, and public facilities, Mammoth Cave National Park was established on July 1, 1941.
Pioneering African Americans were some of the first cave guides, and are responsible for some of the more recently discovered passageways. Stephen Bishop, who was a slave, worked in the cave from 1838 to 1856 and ventured beyond the tour routes that (28) ______ (establish). He crossed a terrifying drop called the “bottomless pit” to discover unmapped areas of the cave system. Although they were unrecognized at the time, pioneers like Bishop helped spark the golden age of cave exploration.
The park now receives around 2 million visitors a year, with roughly a quarter taking a tour of the caves – everything from a cultural tour to the more adventurous scrambling tours on offer. The cave supports more than 130 wildlife species, such as the eyeless cavefish, (29) _______ has adapted to the lightless environment by no longer growing eyes, and the cave crayfish.
Mammoth Cave National Park is also much more than just a cave; its surrounding forest contains one of (30) _______ (diverse) habitats in the country. There are miles of trails open for horseback riding, with kayak and canoe trails and great fishing spots. There are also more than 1,300 flowering species in the forest, and animals like wood warblers, thrushes, and bald eagles can regularly be spotted.
2024届上海市长宁区高三上学期一模英语试卷
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Even Very Young Children Can Be Depressed
If you doubted it, I would introduce you to Susan, who came to my office and talked constantly about her “bad feeling.” Susan 21 (lose) interest in her favorite activities, stopped playing with her friends, and told her parents that she wanted to be dead. She’d spent more time in the school nurse’s office than in her classroom.
Susan was six years old and 22 (suffer) from depression. Proper treatment helped Susan recover. Without it, she might still be an unhappy child, alone and in pain.
The risk for depression does tend to increase as we grow older. Depression in young children is rare but real. Rene Spitz, a 23 (note) psychological researcher, found that infants who were in an institutional orphanage after World War II refused to eat and eventually died 24 they weren’t held by their caretakers. Children have an innate need 25 (hold) and comforted. If those needs aren’t met, then even very young children can fail to thrive and may become sick and die.
Approximately 1% of preschoolers experience depression; they often have great difficulty expressing their feelings, because not all of their language skills 26 (develop) sufficiently. Instead of expressing their feelings in language, the depressed preschool children are likely to show emotions by exhibiting significantly aggressive, fearful, or crying behavior. 27 most preschool children may get angry if they’re hungry, sleepy, afraid 28 their parents go away, or fail to get Daddy to buy them the latest toys, these behaviors are often carried to extremes of intensity and frequency in depressed children.
Although a diagnosis of clinical depression is rare in preschool children, there are times when it is appropriate. In most cases, the child who 29 (experience) significant frustrations resulting from the death or absence of a parent, has witnessed or been victims of violence, or has had a significant health problem 30 0 has interrupted normal emotional or physical development. I find preschool children to be more resilient (适应力强的) than older children in dealing with these events, as long as they have a supportive parent and receive timely treatment.
答案：
2024届上海市闵行区高三上学期学业质量调研一模英语试卷
21. Even though / Even if 22. an 23. which 24. had been cleared 25.trained
to identify 27.ones 28. from 29. checking 30. whether / if
【导读】
这篇文章介绍了一种用人工智能辨识热带雨林中动物叫声的新方法，以此作为评估生物多样性的指标。这种方法比传统方法更快速、准确，并且可以在更广泛的应用场景中发挥作用。同时，文章也提到了该方法在森林恢复项目监测方面的应用价值。
【解析】
Even though / Even if
此处考察连词的用法，表示转折关系。"Even though" 和 "Even if" 都可以表示"即使"的意思，符合语境。
an
此处考察冠词的用法，用于修饰 "expert pair of ears"，表示需要一对专家的耳朵。由于 "expert" 是以元音音素开头的单词，所以需要填入 "an"。
which
此处考察关系代词的用法，与前半句话构成定语从句，修饰 "Smartphone apps"。"Which" 在此处表示 "通过这些应用程序"。
had been cleared
此处考察过去完成时的用法，表示动作在过去某一时间完成。"had been cleared" 符合语境，表示这些地区已经被砍伐清除。
trained
此处考察过去分词的用法，用于修饰 "AI models"。由于这里是 "fed ... to train AI models" 的被动语态形式，所以需要用过去分词形式。"Trained" 表示这些模型已经接受了训练。
to identify
此处考察不定式的用法，用于表示后面的动作是目的。"DNA analysis" 是对昆虫进行鉴定的手段，因此需要填入 "to identify"。
nes
此处考察代词的用法，指代之前提到的 "quieter"，即没有发出声音的生物。因为这里需要代替 "quieter"，所以需要填入复数形式的 "ones"。
from
此处考察介词的用法，表示压力的来源。"From" 符合语境，表示这些公司感受到了来自顾客的压力。
checking
此处考察动名词的用法，表示正在进行的动作，作为 "approach to" 的宾语。"Checking" 表示检查或监测这些森林恢复项目的进展。
whether / if
此处考察连词的用法，引导一个宾语从句。"Whether" 或者 "if" 都可以表示 "是否" 的意思，这里表示对这些项目的有效性和其赞助商所说的一样。
2024届上海市杨浦区高三上学期学业质量调研一模英语试卷
【答案】
21. is happening 22. which 23. is wasted 24. can 25. such as 26. those 27. While/When 28. to eat 29. hoping 30. whether/if/what/where
【导读】文章大意: 本文讲述了美国作为一个富裕国家，许多美国人每天都在努力为自己摆上健康食物甚至任何食物。然而，事实并非如此。美国拥有足够的食物供应，但每天有40%的食物被浪费掉。导致食物浪费的原因有很多，包括农民只选择外观最好的农作物，送货不准时，超市扔掉多余的产品，顾客购买超过需求的食物等等。
【解析】
is happening：根据句子结构和上下文，此处表示现在进行时，即“正在发生”，故填is happening。
which：根据句意和语法，此处需要使用定语从句中的连词which来引导关系从句，指代前文提到的“40%的食物”，故填which。
is wasted：根据句子结构和上下文，此处需要使用被动语态，表示“被浪费”，且主语是“food”，故填is wasted。
can：根据句意和语法，此处需要使用情态动词can，表示“能够”，强调穷人和农村地区经常无法支付健康食品的价格，故填can。
such as：此处需要使用介词短语“such as”，表示“例如”，用来列举健康食品的例子，故填such as。
those：根据上下文，表示“那些”没有足够食物的人，故填those。
While/When：根据句意，此处需要使用时间状语从句的连词，表示“当…的时候”，可填While或When。
to eat：根据句意和语法，此处需要使用不定式作后置定语，表示“吃的东西”，故填to eat。
hoping：根据句意，此处表示希望通过Fresh Hub帮助那些没有足够食物的人，故填hoping，表示“希望”。
whether/if/what/where：根据句意和语法，此处需要使用宾语从句的引导词，表示“是否/如果/什么/哪里”，用来引导宾语从句，询问新鲜食品的可用性，故填whether/if/what/where。
上海市松江区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末质量监控英语试卷
For reference:
1、to come；months to come:在接下来的几个月
2、which：定从缺主
3、without：上文有without interest.没有利息。
4、that：表从不缺。最常见的“现在买，后面还”计划是：顾客做4期等额偿还，6周内还清即可。
5、whose：定从缺定。
6、can：主谓之间情态动词。
7、those：代词。指代前文的many customers.
8、appeared: since+过去的时点或动作，主句用现完。
9、influencing：分词做状。
10、though：根据句意，让步。
2024届上海市徐汇区高三上学期一模英语试卷
【答案】21. may 22. In addition to 23. being recognized 24. of 25. mined
26. providing 27. proposed 28. had been established 29. which 30. the most diverse
【导读】
这篇文章主要介绍了美国肯塔基州中部的马莫斯洞穴国家公园。该公园保护着历史悠久的石灰岩洞穴系统，被认定为世界遗产地。这些洞穴形成于石灰岩侵蚀过程中，保存了5000多年的人类历史，提供了关于美洲原住民的珍贵考古遗址。公园每年吸引数百万游客，提供丰富的自然和冒险体验，包括观光、攀爬和探险。
【解析】
21.may
"estimate"后面需要接动词原形，故应填may。句意为：尽管这个石灰岩洞穴系统很大，公园官员估计可能还有600英里的洞穴通道尚未被探索。
22.In addition to
根据句意可以知道是想要表达除此之外的信息，因此选In addition to。句意为：这些未被探索的通道之外，公园内还有超过200个洞穴与较大的洞穴系统没有关联。
23.being recognized
"recognized"作为过去分词修饰前面的"park"，表示公园被承认和认可，符合句意。句意为：这个令人难以置信的洞穴系统已经获得世界遗产地保护，这归功于其非凡的大小和科学重要性，这使它成为美国仅有的13个拥有该称号的自然景观之一。
24.of
"significance"后面需要接介词"of"，表示"历史意义"。句意为：这些洞穴不仅是一个令人惊叹的旅游目的地，而且还为大约40%的美国人口提供饮用水 - 它们也具有历史意义。
25.mined
"Native Americans"是主语，"mine"是谓语动词，表示开采、挖掘，符合句意。句意为：这些洞穴作为一个时间胶囊，保存着5000多年的人类历史 - 洞穴的第一批探险者是美国土著，他们开采了Mammoth Cave的上层。
26.providing
"providing"作为现在分词，用来引导非限制性定语从句，修饰"atmosphere"，表示提供了有趣的考古证据。句意为：由于洞穴系统的大气环境和自然保护，这些考古遗址状态保存良好，已经发现了几组美国土著的遗骸，提供了有趣的考古证据。
27.proposed
"proposed"作为过去分词，修饰前面的"park sites"，表示调查提议公园的地点，符合句意。句意为：20世纪20年代，内务部长休伯特 沃克创建了南阿巴拉契亚国家公园委员会，于1925年进行了勘测和提议公园的地点，包括这些洞穴。
28.had been established
"established"作为过去分词，修饰"tour routes"，需要用过去完成时态，表示在过去某一时间已经建立了这些路线。句意为：先驱性的非裔美国人是最早的洞穴向导，他们发现了一些近期被发现的通道 - 史蒂芬·毕晓普是一名奴隶，从1838年到1856年在洞穴中工作，并越过了一个称为“无底洞”的可怕峭壁，探索了地图未标明的地下区域。虽然当时没有得到承认，但像毕晓普这样的先驱帮助引发了洞穴探险的黄金时代。
29.which
"which"引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面提到的"eyeless cavefish"，起进一步解释说明作用。句意为：这个洞穴支持130多种野生动物物种，如眼盲洞穴鱼，它们适应了无光环境而不再生长眼睛，还有洞穴小龙虾等。
30.the most diverse
"the most diverse"表示"最多样化的"，修饰前面的"habitats"。句意为：Mammoth Cave National Park不仅仅是一个洞穴，周围的森林包含美国最多样化的栖息地之一。有数英里的马背骑行道路，有皮划艇和划艇道路以及很棒的钓鱼场所。森林中还有超过1,300种开花植物，可以经常看到像林鸟、画眉鸟和秃鹰等动物。
2024届上海市长宁区高三上学期一模英语试卷
had lost/lost 22. suffered/was suffering 23. noted 24. if /when
to be held 26. are developed/have been developed 27. While/Although/Though
28. when29. has experienced 30. that/which
【导读】这篇文章讨论了年幼的孩子可能患抑郁症的情况，强调了适当治疗的重要性，并提到了一些导致这种情况的可能原因。文章强调了家庭支持和及时治疗对帮助幼儿克服困难的关键作用。
21.had lost/lost：根据后文的“stopped playing with her friends”和“she’d spent more time in the school nurse’s office”，可以确定Susan曾经失去了对她喜欢的活动的兴趣，因此用过去完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。又因为句中已经提供了动词lose的过去式lost，所以用had lost或lost均可。
22.suffered/was suffering：根据后文的“Proper treatment helped Susan recover.”，可以确定Susan曾经遭受了抑郁症的折磨，因此用过去式suffered或was suffering。
23.noted：根据后文的“a noted psychological researcher”可知，这里指的是一个著名的心理学研究者。因此用noted表示“著名的”、“知名的”。
24.if/when：根据句意，如果（if）孤儿院的看护人员不抱他们，那么这些婴儿最终会拒绝进食并死亡。这里表示的是一种条件关系，因此用if或when都可以。
25.to be held：根据后文的“Children have an innate need”可知，孩子们有一种与生俱来的需求，即希望被拥抱和安慰。因此，空格处需要使用不定式的被动形式，表示“被拥抱”。故填to be held。
26.are developed/have been developed：根据后文的“depressed preschool children are likely to show emotions”可知，句子需要使用一种一般现在时的被动形式，表示这些语言技能是如何发展的。因此，用are developed或have been developed均可。
27.While/Although/Though：根据句意，尽管大多数学前儿童可能会因为饥饿、困倦、害怕父母离开或未能让爸爸给他们买最新的玩具而生气，但在患有抑郁症的孩子身上，这些行为往往表现得更加剧烈和频繁。因此，使用连词While、Although或Though都可以。
28.when：根据后文的“these behaviors are often carried to extremes of intensity and frequency in depressed children”可知，这里表示的是一种条件关系，当（when）这些行为变得极端且频繁时。因此填when。
29.has experienced：根据句意，如果孩子经历了重大的挫折，比如父母的死亡或失踪、目睹或成为暴力的受害者、有重大的健康问题干扰了正常的情感或身体发展，那么他们可能会被诊断为临床抑郁症。因此，空格处需要用现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响。故填has experienced。
30.that/which：根据后文的“has interrupted normal emotional or physical development”可知，这里表示的是一个限制性定语从句，修饰前面的“a significant health problem”。因此，填that或which。
2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试（一模）英语试题分类汇编
语法填空
2024届上海市闵行区高三上学期学业质量调研一模英语试卷
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The rainforests are alive with the sound of animals. Besides the pleasure of the noise, it is useful to ecologists. Listening out for animal calls is considered a method of measuring the biodiversity of a piece of land. (21)______ ______ it is much easier than digging under the bushes looking for tracks, such analysis is time-consuming. It also requires (22)______ expert pair of ears.
In a paper published in Nature Communications, a group of researchers led by J rg Müller, an ecologist at the University of Würzburg, describe a better way: have a computer do the job. Smartphone apps already exist through (23)______ the sounds of birds or mammals (哺乳动物) can be identified.
The researchers took recordings from across 43 sites in the Ecuadorean Rainforest(厄瓜多尔雨林). Some sites were relatively primitive, old-growth forests. Others were areas that (24)_____ (clear)for pasture (牧场) already. Sound recordings were taken four times every hour, over two weeks. The various calls were identified manually by an expert, and then used to construct a list of the species present. As expected, the longer the land had been free from agricultural activity, the more significant the biodiversity it hosted.
Then it was the computer’s turn. The researchers fed their recordings to (25)______(train)AI models, using sound samples from elsewhere in Ecuador, to identify 75 bird species from their calls. They found the AI tools could identify the sounds as well as the experts.
Not everything in a rainforest makes a noise. Having used light-traps to capture night-flying insects and DNA analysis (26)______ (identify) them, Dr Müller and his colleagues found the diversity of noisy animals was a reliable indicator for the diversity of the quieter(27)______, too.
The results may have relevance outside ecology departments, too. Under pressure (28)______ their customers, some make-up companies and oil firms have been spending money on forest restoration projects. Dr Müller hopes an automated approach to (29)______ (check) on the results could help monitor such efforts. This method would also provide a standardized way to measure (30)______ they are working as well as their sponsors say.
2024届上海市杨浦区高三上学期学业质量调研一模英语试卷
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Going Hungry in the Land of the Rich
The United States is one of the world’s wealthiest countries. Despite this, many Americans struggle just to put healthy food, or any food at all, on the table every day. One might think that a food shortage (21) _________ (happen) in America, but this is not the case. There is more than sufficient food for everyone, 40% of (22) ________ is unfortunately, wasted every day. There are many different ways food (23) ________ (waste): farmers only pick the best-looking crops, deliveries aren’t made on time, supermarkets throw out extra products, customers buy more than they need, and so on. The highest level of wastage tends to happen in the richest communities.
Meanwhile, people who live in poor or rural areas often have little or no access to food. These areas are called “food deserts.” They have fewer supermarkets, and the only food options that they (24) ________ afford are often unhealthy ones. Healthy foods (25) ________ ________fresh fruits and vegetables may be impossible to find. Sadly, 12.8% of the American population live in food deserts.
What can we do to help (26) ________ who don’t have enough food Shirley and Annie Zhu came up with a solution. In 2017, when Hurricane Harvey destroyed over 100,000 homes in their city, Houston, the sisters got involved. (27) _______ helping to clear water from a flooded supermarket, they saw a huge amount of food being wasted. At the same time, thousands of people in the city didn't have enough (28) ________ (eat).
The girls set up Fresh Hub with 10 of their classmates, (29) ________ (hope)to do something to help. They created an app which could be used by residents to find out (30) _______ fresh food was available. Then they contacted local farmers and supermarkets to ask for their extra food. To date, Fresh Hub has delivered more than 15,000 pounds of food to people in need.
上海市松江区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末质量监控英语试卷
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Buy Now, Pay Later Spending
Buy now, pay later (BNPL)spending is expected to rise to record levels this holiday season. With so many young "buy now, pay later" shoppers already in debt from this short-term financing tool not requiring interest, questions emerge: Why do these shoppers use such a tool And what risks does it pose to their budgets in the months (21) ______(come)
The many Generation Z and millennials (typically around 40 years and younger) tend to use this short-term financing,(22)_______allows them to buy items and pay for them over time. Offered mostly by financial technologies, BNPL allows these customers to pay back their purchases (23)______ interest and with the first payment usually made at checkout. The most common "buy now, pay later" plan is (24) ______ customers make four equal payments and pay off the debt in six weeks. It's been a lifeline for some people, such as a university student (25)______ weekly income is not big enough.“BNPL provides consumers with flexible payment options so they (26) ______ manage spending, "said Vivek Pandya, lead analyst at Adobe Digital Insights. That is of great importance for many consumers, especially (27)______with a tendency to purchase higher-cost items.
However, since BNPL (28)______(appear),warnings from experts have come into our view. They have been indicating that it's financially unhealthy to form such a spending habit. According to New York Federal Reserve economists, BNPL may encourage debt to increase over time,(29)_____(influence)a consumer's ability to meet non-BNPL commitments, or users to overextend themselves. Users should also note that (30) _______interest is not charged on the loan, they'll be hit with late fees for missed payments, which can add up quickly, says the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau.
2024届上海市徐汇区高三上学期一模英语试卷
Section A
Directions:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Perhaps even more incredible is that it’s smack bang in the middle of Kentucky.
Mammoth Cave National Park preserves this unique and historical natural wonder. As large as the limestone cave system is, park officials, estimate there (21) _______ be another 600 miles of cave passageways that have yet to be explored.
(22) _______ _______ _______ those unexplored, more than 200 caves exist in the park that are disconnected from the larger system.
The incredible rock formations have resulted in the park (23) _______ (recognize) as a World Heritage Site, thanks to its extraordinary size and scientific importance – making it one of only 13 natural US sites with that title.
The caves were created naturally by the process of limestone erosion, which is known as “karst topography”. Rain and rivers slowly dissolve and shape soft limestone, which creates the vast underground network. The system is still being shaped and carved today. Not only are they a stunning destination to visit, but the system also provides drinking water for roughly 40% of the US population – and they’re (24) _______ historical significance too.
The caves act as a time capsule that preserve over 5,000 years of human history – and the caves’ first explorers were Native Americans, who (25) _______ (mine) the upper levels of Mammoth Cave. Thanks to the cave system’s atmosphere and natural protection from any kind of human disturbance, the archaeological sites have been left in great shape. Several sets of Native American remains have been recovered, (26) _______ (provide) fascinating evidence of pre-Columbian funerary practices.
Mammoth Cave was established as a national park thanks to strong local support. Back in the 1920s, Secretary of the Interior Hubert Work created the Southern Appalachian National Park Commission in 1925 to survey (27) _______ (propose) park sites, including the caves. After years of work acquiring the land for the park, as well as building roads, trails, and public facilities, Mammoth Cave National Park was established on July 1, 1941.
Pioneering African Americans were some of the first cave guides, and are responsible for some of the more recently discovered passageways. Stephen Bishop, who was a slave, worked in the cave from 1838 to 1856 and ventured beyond the tour routes that (28) ______ (establish). He crossed a terrifying drop called the “bottomless pit” to discover unmapped areas of the cave system. Although they were unrecognized at the time, pioneers like Bishop helped spark the golden age of cave exploration.
The park now receives around 2 million visitors a year, with roughly a quarter taking a tour of the caves – everything from a cultural tour to the more adventurous scrambling tours on offer. The cave supports more than 130 wildlife species, such as the eyeless cavefish, (29) _______ has adapted to the lightless environment by no longer growing eyes, and the cave crayfish.
Mammoth Cave National Park is also much more than just a cave; its surrounding forest contains one of (30) _______ (diverse) habitats in the country. There are miles of trails open for horseback riding, with kayak and canoe trails and great fishing spots. There are also more than 1,300 flowering species in the forest, and animals like wood warblers, thrushes, and bald eagles can regularly be spotted.
2024届上海市长宁区高三上学期一模英语试卷
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Even Very Young Children Can Be Depressed
If you doubted it, I would introduce you to Susan, who came to my office and talked constantly about her “bad feeling.” Susan 21 (lose) interest in her favorite activities, stopped playing with her friends, and told her parents that she wanted to be dead. She’d spent more time in the school nurse’s office than in her classroom.
Susan was six years old and 22 (suffer) from depression. Proper treatment helped Susan recover. Without it, she might still be an unhappy child, alone and in pain.
The risk for depression does tend to increase as we grow older. Depression in young children is rare but real. Rene Spitz, a 23 (note) psychological researcher, found that infants who were in an institutional orphanage after World War II refused to eat and eventually died 24 they weren’t held by their caretakers. Children have an innate need 25 (hold) and comforted. If those needs aren’t met, then even very young children can fail to thrive and may become sick and die.
Approximately 1% of preschoolers experience depression; they often have great difficulty expressing their feelings, because not all of their language skills 26 (develop) sufficiently. Instead of expressing their feelings in language, the depressed preschool children are likely to show emotions by exhibiting significantly aggressive, fearful, or crying behavior. 27 most preschool children may get angry if they’re hungry, sleepy, afraid 28 their parents go away, or fail to get Daddy to buy them the latest toys, these behaviors are often carried to extremes of intensity and frequency in depressed children.
Although a diagnosis of clinical depression is rare in preschool children, there are times when it is appropriate. In most cases, the child who 29 (experience) significant frustrations resulting from the death or absence of a parent, has witnessed or been victims of violence, or has had a significant health problem 30 0 has interrupted normal emotional or physical development. I find preschool children to be more resilient (适应力强的) than older children in dealing with these events, as long as they have a supportive parent and receive timely treatment.
答案：
2024届上海市闵行区高三上学期学业质量调研一模英语试卷
21. Even though / Even if 22. an 23. which 24. had been cleared 25.trained
to identify 27.ones 28. from 29. checking 30. whether / if
【导读】
这篇文章介绍了一种用人工智能辨识热带雨林中动物叫声的新方法，以此作为评估生物多样性的指标。这种方法比传统方法更快速、准确，并且可以在更广泛的应用场景中发挥作用。同时，文章也提到了该方法在森林恢复项目监测方面的应用价值。
【解析】
Even though / Even if
此处考察连词的用法，表示转折关系。"Even though" 和 "Even if" 都可以表示"即使"的意思，符合语境。
an
此处考察冠词的用法，用于修饰 "expert pair of ears"，表示需要一对专家的耳朵。由于 "expert" 是以元音音素开头的单词，所以需要填入 "an"。
which
此处考察关系代词的用法，与前半句话构成定语从句，修饰 "Smartphone apps"。"Which" 在此处表示 "通过这些应用程序"。
had been cleared
此处考察过去完成时的用法，表示动作在过去某一时间完成。"had been cleared" 符合语境，表示这些地区已经被砍伐清除。
trained
此处考察过去分词的用法，用于修饰 "AI models"。由于这里是 "fed ... to train AI models" 的被动语态形式，所以需要用过去分词形式。"Trained" 表示这些模型已经接受了训练。
to identify
此处考察不定式的用法，用于表示后面的动作是目的。"DNA analysis" 是对昆虫进行鉴定的手段，因此需要填入 "to identify"。
nes
此处考察代词的用法，指代之前提到的 "quieter"，即没有发出声音的生物。因为这里需要代替 "quieter"，所以需要填入复数形式的 "ones"。
from
此处考察介词的用法，表示压力的来源。"From" 符合语境，表示这些公司感受到了来自顾客的压力。
checking
此处考察动名词的用法，表示正在进行的动作，作为 "approach to" 的宾语。"Checking" 表示检查或监测这些森林恢复项目的进展。
whether / if
此处考察连词的用法，引导一个宾语从句。"Whether" 或者 "if" 都可以表示 "是否" 的意思，这里表示对这些项目的有效性和其赞助商所说的一样。
2024届上海市杨浦区高三上学期学业质量调研一模英语试卷
【答案】
21. is happening 22. which 23. is wasted 24. can 25. such as 26. those 27. While/When 28. to eat 29. hoping 30. whether/if/what/where
【导读】文章大意: 本文讲述了美国作为一个富裕国家，许多美国人每天都在努力为自己摆上健康食物甚至任何食物。然而，事实并非如此。美国拥有足够的食物供应，但每天有40%的食物被浪费掉。导致食物浪费的原因有很多，包括农民只选择外观最好的农作物，送货不准时，超市扔掉多余的产品，顾客购买超过需求的食物等等。
【解析】
is happening：根据句子结构和上下文，此处表示现在进行时，即“正在发生”，故填is happening。
which：根据句意和语法，此处需要使用定语从句中的连词which来引导关系从句，指代前文提到的“40%的食物”，故填which。
is wasted：根据句子结构和上下文，此处需要使用被动语态，表示“被浪费”，且主语是“food”，故填is wasted。
can：根据句意和语法，此处需要使用情态动词can，表示“能够”，强调穷人和农村地区经常无法支付健康食品的价格，故填can。
such as：此处需要使用介词短语“such as”，表示“例如”，用来列举健康食品的例子，故填such as。
those：根据上下文，表示“那些”没有足够食物的人，故填those。
While/When：根据句意，此处需要使用时间状语从句的连词，表示“当…的时候”，可填While或When。
to eat：根据句意和语法，此处需要使用不定式作后置定语，表示“吃的东西”，故填to eat。
hoping：根据句意，此处表示希望通过Fresh Hub帮助那些没有足够食物的人，故填hoping，表示“希望”。
whether/if/what/where：根据句意和语法，此处需要使用宾语从句的引导词，表示“是否/如果/什么/哪里”，用来引导宾语从句，询问新鲜食品的可用性，故填whether/if/what/where。
上海市松江区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末质量监控英语试卷
For reference:
1、to come；months to come:在接下来的几个月
2、which：定从缺主
3、without：上文有without interest.没有利息。
4、that：表从不缺。最常见的“现在买，后面还”计划是：顾客做4期等额偿还，6周内还清即可。
5、whose：定从缺定。
6、can：主谓之间情态动词。
7、those：代词。指代前文的many customers.
8、appeared: since+过去的时点或动作，主句用现完。
9、influencing：分词做状。
10、though：根据句意，让步。
2024届上海市徐汇区高三上学期一模英语试卷
【答案】21. may 22. In addition to 23. being recognized 24. of 25. mined
26. providing 27. proposed 28. had been established 29. which 30. the most diverse
【导读】
这篇文章主要介绍了美国肯塔基州中部的马莫斯洞穴国家公园。该公园保护着历史悠久的石灰岩洞穴系统，被认定为世界遗产地。这些洞穴形成于石灰岩侵蚀过程中，保存了5000多年的人类历史，提供了关于美洲原住民的珍贵考古遗址。公园每年吸引数百万游客，提供丰富的自然和冒险体验，包括观光、攀爬和探险。
【解析】
21.may
"estimate"后面需要接动词原形，故应填may。句意为：尽管这个石灰岩洞穴系统很大，公园官员估计可能还有600英里的洞穴通道尚未被探索。
22.In addition to
根据句意可以知道是想要表达除此之外的信息，因此选In addition to。句意为：这些未被探索的通道之外，公园内还有超过200个洞穴与较大的洞穴系统没有关联。
23.being recognized
"recognized"作为过去分词修饰前面的"park"，表示公园被承认和认可，符合句意。句意为：这个令人难以置信的洞穴系统已经获得世界遗产地保护，这归功于其非凡的大小和科学重要性，这使它成为美国仅有的13个拥有该称号的自然景观之一。
24.of
"significance"后面需要接介词"of"，表示"历史意义"。句意为：这些洞穴不仅是一个令人惊叹的旅游目的地，而且还为大约40%的美国人口提供饮用水 - 它们也具有历史意义。
25.mined
"Native Americans"是主语，"mine"是谓语动词，表示开采、挖掘，符合句意。句意为：这些洞穴作为一个时间胶囊，保存着5000多年的人类历史 - 洞穴的第一批探险者是美国土著，他们开采了Mammoth Cave的上层。
26.providing
"providing"作为现在分词，用来引导非限制性定语从句，修饰"atmosphere"，表示提供了有趣的考古证据。句意为：由于洞穴系统的大气环境和自然保护，这些考古遗址状态保存良好，已经发现了几组美国土著的遗骸，提供了有趣的考古证据。
27.proposed
"proposed"作为过去分词，修饰前面的"park sites"，表示调查提议公园的地点，符合句意。句意为：20世纪20年代，内务部长休伯特 沃克创建了南阿巴拉契亚国家公园委员会，于1925年进行了勘测和提议公园的地点，包括这些洞穴。
28.had been established
"established"作为过去分词，修饰"tour routes"，需要用过去完成时态，表示在过去某一时间已经建立了这些路线。句意为：先驱性的非裔美国人是最早的洞穴向导，他们发现了一些近期被发现的通道 - 史蒂芬·毕晓普是一名奴隶，从1838年到1856年在洞穴中工作，并越过了一个称为“无底洞”的可怕峭壁，探索了地图未标明的地下区域。虽然当时没有得到承认，但像毕晓普这样的先驱帮助引发了洞穴探险的黄金时代。
29.which
"which"引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面提到的"eyeless cavefish"，起进一步解释说明作用。句意为：这个洞穴支持130多种野生动物物种，如眼盲洞穴鱼，它们适应了无光环境而不再生长眼睛，还有洞穴小龙虾等。
30.the most diverse
"the most diverse"表示"最多样化的"，修饰前面的"habitats"。句意为：Mammoth Cave National Park不仅仅是一个洞穴，周围的森林包含美国最多样化的栖息地之一。有数英里的马背骑行道路，有皮划艇和划艇道路以及很棒的钓鱼场所。森林中还有超过1,300种开花植物，可以经常看到像林鸟、画眉鸟和秃鹰等动物。
2024届上海市长宁区高三上学期一模英语试卷
had lost/lost 22. suffered/was suffering 23. noted 24. if /when
to be held 26. are developed/have been developed 27. While/Although/Though
28. when29. has experienced 30. that/which
【导读】这篇文章讨论了年幼的孩子可能患抑郁症的情况，强调了适当治疗的重要性，并提到了一些导致这种情况的可能原因。文章强调了家庭支持和及时治疗对帮助幼儿克服困难的关键作用。
21.had lost/lost：根据后文的“stopped playing with her friends”和“she’d spent more time in the school nurse’s office”，可以确定Susan曾经失去了对她喜欢的活动的兴趣，因此用过去完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。又因为句中已经提供了动词lose的过去式lost，所以用had lost或lost均可。
22.suffered/was suffering：根据后文的“Proper treatment helped Susan recover.”，可以确定Susan曾经遭受了抑郁症的折磨，因此用过去式suffered或was suffering。
23.noted：根据后文的“a noted psychological researcher”可知，这里指的是一个著名的心理学研究者。因此用noted表示“著名的”、“知名的”。
24.if/when：根据句意，如果（if）孤儿院的看护人员不抱他们，那么这些婴儿最终会拒绝进食并死亡。这里表示的是一种条件关系，因此用if或when都可以。
25.to be held：根据后文的“Children have an innate need”可知，孩子们有一种与生俱来的需求，即希望被拥抱和安慰。因此，空格处需要使用不定式的被动形式，表示“被拥抱”。故填to be held。
26.are developed/have been developed：根据后文的“depressed preschool children are likely to show emotions”可知，句子需要使用一种一般现在时的被动形式，表示这些语言技能是如何发展的。因此，用are developed或have been developed均可。
27.While/Although/Though：根据句意，尽管大多数学前儿童可能会因为饥饿、困倦、害怕父母离开或未能让爸爸给他们买最新的玩具而生气，但在患有抑郁症的孩子身上，这些行为往往表现得更加剧烈和频繁。因此，使用连词While、Although或Though都可以。
28.when：根据后文的“these behaviors are often carried to extremes of intensity and frequency in depressed children”可知，这里表示的是一种条件关系，当（when）这些行为变得极端且频繁时。因此填when。
29.has experienced：根据句意，如果孩子经历了重大的挫折，比如父母的死亡或失踪、目睹或成为暴力的受害者、有重大的健康问题干扰了正常的情感或身体发展，那么他们可能会被诊断为临床抑郁症。因此，空格处需要用现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响。故填has experienced。
30.that/which：根据后文的“has interrupted normal emotional or physical development”可知，这里表示的是一个限制性定语从句，修饰前面的“a significant health problem”。因此，填that或which。