上海市奉贤区重点中学2023-2024学年高一上学期11月期中考试英语试卷
一、Vocabulary
Directions: Complete the passage with the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. suitable B. unfortunately C. worsen D. afford E. risk F. expensive G. ideally H. provide I. solution J. remain K. concern
In recent weeks, many parents have realized the difficult truth about school this fall because of COVID-19. Hoping for a better 1． , parents around US. have started organizing "pandemic (流行病) pods," or home schooling pods, for the fall, in which groups of 3 to 10 students learn together in homes under the guidance of the children's parents or a hired teacher.
For parents who can organize and 2． them, pods seem like an easy choice. "I don't believe that the online courses for that age group are 3． . Kids at this age really need that multimodal sensory learning (多模式感官学习). "one parent said.
These pods could 4． families with a schooling choice that feels safe —yet also allows kids to
have fun and build social skills，However, it also has unavoidable shortcoming.
Depending on how the pods are set up, they may offer parents a break. But given that Pods can be 5． a complicated to organize and self-selecting, it is possible that they are most popular among wealthy families, experts say, and may 6． educational inequality.
Another 7． about pods is that families may not know how to minimize Covid risks. Pods shouldn't
have more than five kids 8． ， said Saskia Popescu, an infection prevention expert. When
you add together the teacher and all of the kids' family members, a seemingly small pod ends up including dozens of people, and the more people in it, the greater the 9． for coronavirus exposure (接触). Furthermore families in learning pods shouldn't socialize with people outside the pod unless they wear masks and 10． socially distant, Dr. Popescu said, Pods should have clear rules on wearing masks and washing hands.
二、Reading Comprehension
Section A，Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word of phrase that best fits the context.
Should you listen to music when you work
Do you like to listen to music when you work
Ask this question at a party, and you'll probably get 11． responses. Some will say they love it, claiming that it improves their performance; others will say they find it distracting （分散注意力的) and cannot work 12． with music playing in the background.
Interestingly enough, our research has found that both of these viewpoints can be true. It just 13． on what sort of work you're doing.
In a recent study, we brought participants into our lab to perform a variety of tasks. They included a（n) 14． task一searching through word lists and crossing out words containing the letter "a" and a more difficult task memorizing word pairs and 15． each word to its partner. Some participants completed all of the tasks in silence, 16． others completed the tasks with instrumental music that was either loud or soft, and either simple or complex, the latter meaning music with more instruments being played. Several key findings 17． from our study.
We found that participants who listened to simple music or no music performed about the same on the easy task. However, participants who listened to 18． music performed best on the easy task.
On the contrary, participants performed worse on the more difficult task when they listened to any music, regardless of complexity or volume, compared to those who didn't listen to any music.
How should we 19． these findings
We suggest that people have limited mental resources from which both 20． and tasks can draw. We can become 21． and our minds may wander when these resources are not fully used. But we also can become over-excited and 22． when these resources are used up.
Not surprisingly, we typically need to use fewer of our mental resources when we perform ceasy tasks, whereas demanding tasks require more brainpower. However, because we might be less 23． during easier tasks, there is a greater risk of drifting off. Music might give us the extra 24． we need to overcome the monotony （单调)。 However, difficult tasks already demand a lot of our resources. Listening to music can become too much.
So best 25． should appear when we strike a "sweet spot," which may depend on the type of music and the type of task.
11．A． fixed B． similar C． various D． positive
12．A． effectively B． immediately C． exactly D． happily
13．A． depends B． focuses C． carries D． takes
14．A． unpleasant B． familiar C． impossible D． easy
15．A． matching B． realizing C． suggesting D． creating
16．A． until B． while C． since D． when
17．A． faded B． appeared C． survived D． responded
18．A． dull B． reliable C． necessary D． complex
19．A． make up for B． make out
C． make use of D． make up
20．A． music B． work C． study D． culture
21．A． surprised B． bored C． afraid D． proud
22．A． interested B． distracted C． attracted D． worried
23．A． disgusted B． embarrassed C． frightened D． engaged
24．A． obstacle B． push C． opportunity D． rule
25．A． action B． program C． performance D． problem
Section B，Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
Our youngest daughter can be stubborn about receiving gifts, and I told her so.
"Where do you think I get it from " she asked.
"I'm not stubborn when it comes to receiving gifts, " I said. "I used to be, but not now. "
She has a birthday coming up and we want to get her some new cowboy boots.
Cowboy boots aren't cheap, but we want to do something special and get her something she could use and enjoy for years to come.
But my daughter is pushing back, saying she's happy with her current boots-which are old and worn-out.
I push back, she pushes back, and we become locked in a mother daughter match over stubbornness and how much is too much to spend on a special gif.
She thinks my husband and 1 do too much for her. I used to think the same thing about my parents-my parents weren't rich, but they were generous.
They kept saying they enjoyed giving me gifts, but all I could think about was how much money they were wasting on me.
Years ago. I mentioned to a friend that I thought my mother overdid it when it came to buying gifts for her children.
My friend, closer to my mothers age than mine, looked at me and said, "who are you to tell your mother what she can do "
I wanted to argue with her, but I didn't. I didn't fully understand it then but I understand it now-now that I'm a grandmother myself.
The longer you live, the more you see how often things go wrong.
Marriages fail, friendships break down, family members become estranged, and accidents and illnesses cut lives short.
There is a brokenness that fills many of our lives. So, when you see life going well, families working hard and growing strong, you want to celebrate.
It took a lot of time for me to understand that giving is an expression of joy, as much as it is an expression of love. I understand where my daughter is coming from, but I also understand where my parents were coming from -a place of pure and simple joy celebrating those moments when life goes well.
26．Why did the author's daughter try to refuse her mom's gift
A．She had many boots to wear.
B．She wanted something else for her birthday.
C．She didn't like the style of the boots.
D．She didn't want her mom to spend too much money.
27．The author began to understand her parent' behavior after she ____.
A．listened to her friends' advice
B．experienced brokenness in life
C．communicated with her busband
D．received gifts from other family members
28．The underlined word"estranged" most probably means"____"
A．lonely B．distant C．joyful D．complete
29．What does the author think about gift giving
A．It is the best way to express our love to others.
B．It is an expression of hope for the future,
C．It is a way to show our joy when life is going well.
D．It is a way for people to escape bad things in life.
阅读理解
For years, the Empire State Building in New York was recognized as the tallest buildings in the world, but in recent decades. my much higher structures have been built. Read on to learn more about four of the tallest skyscrapers existing today.
●Buri Khalifa
Buri Khalifs in Dubai, United Arab Emrates, is currently the tallest building in the world. The tower is part of a new development built on a man-made lake. Burj Khalifa has a distinctive shape so that the windows look out onto the Persian Gulf. A 304-room hotel occupies the lower floors and there is observation deck on the 124th floor. The top floor is home toa private VIP club, closed to anyone except members.
●Shanghai Word Financial Centre
This skyscraper has the highest observation deck in the world, although the building itself is no longer the tallest. Construction stopped between 1998 and 2003 because of the Asian financial crisis, but it was eventually finished in 2008. The most distinctive feature in its design is the geometric opening at the top of the tower.
●International Commerce Centre
This skyscraper in Hong Kong stands on top of Kowloon Station, which gave its name to the original proposal for the building. The tower is not as high as in earlier plans because of regulations that prevented buildings from being taller than the surrounding mountains. A five-star hotel occupies the upper fifteen floors of the building. There is an observation deck on the 100th floor and a number of five-star restaurants on the 101st floor.
●Petronas Tower
These towers in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, are the tallest twin buildings in the world. They were built on the site of the city's horse-racing tracking and an exclusive shopping centre is located at the base. The towers are connected by a sky bridge on the 41st and 42nd floors, which is the highest two-storey bridge in the word. It is open to the public, but only a limited number of free tickets are given out each day, and visitors are allowed no more than ten minutes on the bridge.
30．In which two buildings can you book a room
A．Buri Khalifa and Shanghai World Financial Centre.
B．International Commerce Centre and Petronas Towers.
C．Burj Khalifa and International Commerce Centre.
D．Petronas Towers and Burj Khalifa.
31．____is/are shorter than it/they was/were designed to be.
A．Burj Khalifa
B．Shanghai World Financial Centre
C．Petronas Towers
D．International Commerce Centre
32．According to the passage, which of the following statement is true
A．Shanghai World Financial Center took longer to complete than planned
B．Visitors have to pay to stay on the two-storey bridge in Petronas Towers
C．International Commerce Center is named after its investor.
D．The top floor of Buri Khalifa is accessible to everyone.
阅读理解
Are we getting more stupid According to Genld Crabtree, a scientist at Standord University in the US, we are.
You may not want to hear this, but Crabtree believes that human intelligence reached its peak more than 2000 years ago and ever since then has been going downhill. "If an average Greek from 1,000 BC were transported to modern times, he or she would be one of the brightest among us," Crabtree told The Guardian.
At the heart of Crabree's thinking is a simple idea. In the past, intelligence is critical for survival when our ancestors had to avoid dangerous animals and hunt for food. The difference of being smart or stupid is often life or death. However, after the spread of agriculture, when our ancestors began to live in dense farming communities. The need to keep their intelligence in peak. -condition gradually reduced.
This is not hard to understand. Most of the time, pressure is what keeps us going-you need the pressure from your teachers to finish your homework; the pressure of looking pretty encourages you to lose weight when summer comes. And the same is also true of our intelligence -if we think less, we become less smart
These mutaions (变异) are harmful to our intelligence and they were all developed in the past 3. 000 yean. The other evidence that Crabtree holds is in our genes. He found that among the 20000 to 50000 genes that we have that determine human intelligence, there are two or more mutations in each of us.
However, Crabtree's theory has been criticized by some who say that early humans may have better hunting and surviving abilities but people today have developed a more diverse intelligence. For example, paring (用矛刺)a tiger doesn't necessarily require more brainpower than playing chess or writing a poem. Moreover, the power
of modern education means a lot more people have the opportunity to learn nowadays.
"You wouldn't get Stephen Hawking 2, 00 years ago. He just wouldn't exit. " Thomas Hills of the University of Warwick. UK, told Live Science "But now we have people of his intellectual capability doing things and making
Insights(洞察力) that we would never have achieved in our environment of evolutionary adaptation. (进化适应)"
33．What is Crabtree's recent finding according to the article
A．The Greeks from 100 BC cold have been the smartest in human history
B．Our ancient ancestors had no better surviving abilities than we do nowadays.
C．Mutations in genes that decide human intelligence have affected the development of intelligence.
D．Humans have been getting steadily more intelligent since the invention of farming
34．According to Crabtree, ancient humans____
A．had much more genes that determine human intelligence
B．were forced to be smart due to natural selection pressures
C．relied more on group intelligence than individual intelligence
D．developed a diverse intelligence to adapt to the hard realities
35．Some argue that Cabree's theory is false because they think____
A．people today are under much more pressure than early humans
B．it's unreasonable to compare a hunter s and a poet's intelligence
C．modern education is far more advanced than ancient education
D．human intelligence nowadays is different from that of the distant past
36．What is Thomas Hill's attitude toward Crabtree's theory
A．He is for Crabtree's theory.
B．He is against Crabtree's theory.
C．He is worried about Crabtree's theory.
D．He is confused about Crabtree's theory.
Section C，Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. The uncertainty about the product has undoubtedly improved sales of these dolls. B. Designer dolls satisfy the spiritual needs of young Chinese consumers. C. She can hardly wait to open the box and is excited to discover inside a limited-edition (限量版) Molly doll. D. However, it will definitely give the pleasure you want, and enjoy collecting it. E. The small toys fit in the palm of your hand and come dressed in cute costumes. F. Have you ever wondered why people build a collection of things
Designer Dolls Become Desirable Collectables
Kan Hui, a senior stage set designer based in Beijing, stands in front of a vending machine (自动售货机) in a shopping center. She feeds in the money and a paper box rolls out. 37． Dolls are not just toys for little girls any more. They have become desirable collectables for many young Chinese under the age of thirty.
Molly, a little girl with curly hair, wide eyes and pouting (撅着的) lips, is one of the best-selling- dolls in China Each Molly sells for 59 yuan and there are over one hundred editions of the doll in different series. For doll fans, it is an affordable way to build an "art" collection.
In fact, what has made collecting designer dolls a new phenomenon is the concept of a "blind box". As the name implies, consumers have no idea which specific doll from a series they will get until they open the box. 38． Over 400 million Molly dolls are reported to have been sold throughout the country last year!
39． Psychologists say that collectors are trying to bring some order and meaning to their lives. That may be true, but I think they do it just because it is fun and sometimes educational. I have a friend who collects beer bottles. He does not recycle them for money. Instead, he has them lined up in neat rows on shelves, and over 200 of them are from more than 30 different countries-a good way to learn about geography.
Collecting Molly dolls is probably a fad (一时的风尚) that will be replaced by another one eventually 40．
三、Blank-filling，Directions: Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the verbs in the brackets.
41． It is the third time I (remind) you of the promise you made.
42． By the time my parents came back, I (read) half of the novel.
43． The you practice, the better you (master) the language.
44． The sun (shine) brightly when we climbed to the top of the hill.
45． Are you having a great time learning English We hope so! But if at first you don't succeed, (give) yourself a second chance!
46． Mr. Jones told me that when he was young, he (work) in this field for several years, which led to his later success.
47． As a result of the earthquake, many people (leave) homeless.
48． The crazy fans (wait) patiently for two hours, and they will wait till the movie star arrives.
49．It (not be) long before that young man meets me again.
50． They said the work (finish) in ten days.
51． I (walk) along a busy road when I noticed a young man selling toys and then I stopped to buy one.
52． At last, my brother was admitted into an international company offering a tempting salary and (go) to work with great joy.
53． When travelling, I think taking all the possible factors into consideration (benefit) the travelers a lot.
54． So far, much (do) to meet the reasonable demands of patients for health care and improve the overall development of hospitals
55． In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones (not invent) yet.
56． In two days, it will be Christmas. Children all over the country (look) forward to this day for weeks.
57． Look, the new bridge (build) over there! It will be open to traffic soon.
58． If city noises (not keep) from increasing, people will have to shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now.
Section B，Direction: Fill in the blanks with proper phrases in the box. Each phrase can only be used once. Change the form where necessary. Note that there is one phrase more than you need.
be related to without doubt dream of be torn between turn out hold . . . back set foot on have a say tear one's eyes away from
59．He always being admitted into a famous university.
60．When many tourists the old town again, they are at a loss why it is not as charming as it used to be.
61．At the beginning of this term, our class teacher told us that we in how to organize all the class activities.
62．According to the doctor, the police were looking for the clues and medicines that could the death of the person who met with the accident.
63．Students should be encouraged to take part in all kinds of social activities, , which will lay a solid foundation for their success in the future career.
64．After repeated experiments, your idea finally to be right.
65．Before the coronavirus outbreak, I going abroad for further study and hunting for a job.
66．The toys on the shelves were so smart that the children could not them.
四、Translation，Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
67． 阻止环境污染是我们的职责。(prevent)
68． 出门前确保带好口罩。(make sure)
69． 国外回来，家乡的巨大变化让他非常惊讶。(amaze)
70． 如果你走在英国的乡村，沿路你时不时会发现成堆的石头。(likely)
71． 当我第一次来到杭州的时候，我被西湖的美和这个城市的许多旅游景点所吸引。(the first time)
72． 这个年轻的运动员如此有决心要打破世界纪录最终尽管有许多困难，还是赢得了金牌。(determine)
五、Guided Writing
73． Directions: Write an English letter in 80-100 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
长城是中国的骄傲，体现了我国古代劳动人民的勤劳与智慧，见证了我国光辉的历史。但近期有人发现游客在长城上刻名字或涂鸦。以一名中国学生的身份写一封信，倡导游客们爱护长城，保护历史古迹。
答案解析部分
【答案】1．I；2．D；3．A；4．H；5．F；6．C；7．K；8．G；9．E；10．J
【知识点】说明文；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了新冠肺炎流行期间，一些家长建立学习小组，组织孩子在家接受教育。同时这种模式也带来了一些问题。
【点评】考查选词填空，考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍检查验证。
1．句意：为了找到一个更好的解决办法，美国各地的家长们已经开始建立学习小组，为秋季做准备。在小屋里，让3到10个学生在孩子的父母或者雇佣的老师的指导下在家里一起学习。根据空格前的不定冠词a，可知此处为名词，根据第一段中的"parents around U.S. have started organizing ‘pandemic (流行病) pods', or home schooling pods"可知，为了找到一个更好的解决办法，美国各地的家长们已经开始组织"流行病小屋"，或者家庭教育小屋，所以此处表达solution"方法"为可数名词，a better solution作介词for的宾语。故填I。
2．句意：对于那些能够组织起来并负担得起的父母来说，学习小组似乎是一个简单的选择。分析句子可知，空格处和organize并列，应用动词，afford"负担得起"为动词，符合句意。故选D。
3．句意：我认为网络课程对这个年龄组的孩子是不合适的。此处作表语，根据第二段中的"Kids at this age really need that multimodal sensory learning (多模式感官学习)." 可知，网络课程对这个年龄组的孩子是不合适的。所以此处用suitable"合适的"为形容词，作表语。故选A。
4．句意：这些学习小组可以为家庭提供安全的教育选择——同时也让孩子们玩得开心，培养社交技能。情态动词could后接动词原形，provide"提供"为动词，provide sb with sth，固定短语，"提供给某人某物"，和could一起构成复合谓语，符合句意。故选H。
5．句意：但专家表示，考虑到学习小组教育的昂贵、组织和自选过程复杂，它们可能在富裕家庭中最受欢迎，并可能加剧教育不平等。动词be后需要接表语，expensive"昂贵的"为形容词，作表语，符合句意。故选F。
6．句意：但专家表示，考虑到学习小组教育的昂贵、组织和自选过程复杂，它们可能在富裕家庭中最受欢迎，并可能加剧教育不平等。情态动词may后需要接动词原形，根据四段中的"it is possible that they are most popular among wealthy families, "可知，加剧了教育的不平等。所以worsen"使更糟糕"为动词，和may一起构成复合谓语，符合句意。故选C。
7．句意：关于学习小组教育的另一个担忧是，家庭可能不知道如何最小化新冠肺炎的风险。another"又一；另一"此处为形容词，后面需要接名词，concern "担忧"为名词，符合句意。故选K。
8．句意：传染病预防专家Saskia Popescu,说，小屋最好不要超过五个孩子。ideally"理想地；最好地"为副词，修饰整句，符合句意。故选G。
9．句意：当你把老师和所有孩子的家庭成员加在一起，一个看起来很小的学习小组最终包含了几十个人，而且里面的人越多，感染冠状病毒的风险就越大。根据定冠词the可知空格处为名词，根据"the more people in it"可知，越多，感染冠状病毒的风险就越大。risk"风险"为名词，符合句意。故选E。
10．句意：此外，Dr. Popescu说，在学习小组的家庭不应该与屋外的人交往，除非他们戴上面具，并保持社交距离。根据连词and可知空格处与前文wear masks并列，应填动词。remain"保持"为系动词，remain socially distant意为"保持社交距离"，符合句意。故选J。
【答案】11．C；12．A；13．A；14．D；15．A；16．B；17．B；18．D；19．B；20．A；21．B；22．B；23．D；24．B；25．C
【知识点】说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过"你上班时会听音乐吗 "这一问题展开研究，发现两种完全相反但又真实存在的观点，无论是音乐提高了工作效率还是分散了注意力，这取决于音乐类型和工作类型。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，连词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
11．句意：在聚会上问这个问题，大概会得到各种各样的回答。A. fixed"固定的"：B. similar "相似的"；C. various "各种各样的"；D. positive"积极的"。根据下文"Some will say they love it, claiming that it improves their performance; others will say they find it distracting （分散注意力的) and cannot work 2 with music playing in the background."有些人会说他们喜欢它，声称它能提高他们的表现；其他人会说，他们觉得这会分散注意力，无法在背景音乐播放的情况下有效工作。可推断出，对于上班是否听音乐，有各种各样的回答。故选C。
12．句意：其他人会说他们觉得这会分散注意力并且播放背景音乐时无法有效工作。A. effectively" 有效地"；B. immediately "立刻地"；C. exactly "精确地"；D. happily"快乐地"。根据空前"others will say they find it distracting"可知此处指分散注意力，不能够有效地工作。故选A。
13．句意：这取决于你在做什么工作。A. depends"依靠"；B. focuses" 聚焦"；C. carries "携带"；D. takes"拿，取"。根据下文" depend on the type of music and the type of task." 可知此处指音乐是否有助于工作取决于你做什么工作。depend on固定短语，"依靠，取决于"。故选A。
14．句意：在最近的一项研究中，我们将参与者带到实验室来执行各种任务。他们包括一项简单的任务——在单词列表中搜索并划掉包含字母"a"的单词，以及一项更困难的任务——记忆单词对并将其与搭档匹配。A. unpleasant "不快乐的"；B. familiar" 熟悉的"；C. impossible" 不可能"；D. easy"容易的"。根据空后"crossing out words containing the letter‘a'" 划掉包含字母"a"的单词 "和"a more difficult task"可知他们包括一项简单的任务。故选D。
15．句意：在最近的一项研究中，我们将参与者带到实验室来执行各种任务。他们包括一项简单的任务——在单词列表中搜索并划掉包含字母"a"的单词，以及一项更困难的任务——记忆单词对并将其与搭档匹配。A. matching "搭配"；B. realizing" 意识到"；C. suggesting"建议"；D. creating "创造"。根据空前"memorizing word pairs"；以及空后"to its partner"可知此处指单词匹配。故选A。
16．句意：一些参与者在沉默中完成了所有的任务，而另一些参与者则在响亮或柔和、简单或复杂的器乐中完成了任务，后者意味着演奏更多乐器的音乐。 A. until "直到……"；B. while"然而，和......同时"；C. since""自从，从那以后"；D. when"当…...的时候"。分析空格前后两句的句意可知两句之间是对比转折关系，while有"然而"这一层意思，可以表对比、转折。故选B。
17．句意：我们的研究中出现了几个关键发现。 A. faded "褪色"；B. appeared "出现"；C. survived "幸免"；D. responded"作出反应，响应"。根据下文"We found "可知，研究中出现了几个关键发现。故选B。
18．句意：然而，听复杂音乐的参与者在简单的任务中表现最好。 A. dull "乏味的，单调的，呆板的"；B. reliable "可依靠的"；C. necessary "有必要的"；D. complex"复杂的"。根据上文"simple music or no music"；以及空前"However"一词可知此处指复杂的音乐。故选D。
19．句意：我们应该如何理解这些发现？ A. make up for "弥补，补偿"；B. make out"弄明白，理解"；C. make use of"利用"；D. make up"编造，化妆"。根据下文"We suggest that ……"以及"and our minds may wander when these resources are not fully used. "而当这些资源未被充分利用时，我们的大脑可能会走神。"可知,下文是对上文"我们如何如何理解这些发现"的解释。故选B。
20．句意：我们认为，人们能够从音乐和任务中汲取灵感的智力资源有限。A. music "音乐"；B. work "工作"；C. study "学习，研究"；D. culture"文化"。根据上文讨论的听音乐与工作关系的细节描述可知此处人们能够从音乐和任务中汲取灵感的智力资源有限。故选A。
21．句意：当这些资源没有得到充分利用时，我们可能会变得无聊，我们的思想可能会走神。A. surprised "吃惊的"；B. bored "无聊的"；C. afraid "害怕的"；D. proud"骄傲的"。与空后"our minds may wander"我们的大脑可能会走神，是并列关系，结合选项可知bored与下文语义衔接恰当，故选B。
22．句意：但是，当这些资源耗尽时，我们也可能会过度兴奋和分心。A. interested "感兴趣的"；B. distracted "分心的"；C. attracted "有吸引力的"；D. worried "担心的"。根据空前"over-excited"可知,当这些资源耗尽时，我们也可能会过度兴奋和分心。故选B。
23．句意：然而，因为我们在更简单的任务中可能没那么投入，所以偏离轨道的风险更大。A. disgusted "讨厌的"；B. embarrassed"尴尬的"；C. frightened "害怕的"；D. engaged "忙的，投入的，已订婚的"。根据上文"we typically need to use fewer of our mental resources when we perform easy tasks. 我们完成简单的任务时，我们通常需要使用较少的大脑资源。"可知，我们处理简单的任务时，一般不会特别投入。故选D。
24．句意：音乐可能会给予我们克服单调所需的额外动力。A. obstacle"障碍"；B. push"推，奋斗，努力"；C. opportunity "机会"；D. rule"规则"。根据空后"we need to overcome the monotony."我们需要克服单调乏味；以及上文描述的音乐的积极作用，可知音乐可以促进我们克服单调。故选B。
25．句意：所以，最佳表现应该出现在我们达到"最佳位置"时，这可能取决于音乐类型和任务类型。A. action "行动"；B. program"节目，计划"；C. performance "表演，表现"；D. problem"问题"。根据上文"claiming that it improves their performance."可知此处指工作表现取决于音乐类型和工作类型。故选C。
【答案】26．D
27．B
28．B
29．C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者通过给女儿送礼物以及通过生活中经历的一些不幸的事情使得作者明白了：送礼物是一种幸福的表达，是一种爱的表达，也是一种庆祝生活顺利的时刻的方式。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、词义猜测题和推理判断题，是一篇故事类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
26．考查推理判断。根据第六段"But my daughter is pushing back, saying she's happy with her current boots-which are old and worn-out."但是我的女儿反对，她说她很满意她现在的靴子——这双鞋子是旧的和坏的；以及第七段中的"...how much is too much to spend on a special gift.She thinks my husband and I do too much for her."我们陷入了挣扎，要花多少钱去买特殊的礼物。她认为我和我丈夫为她做的太多了。可推知，女儿拒绝妈妈的礼物是不想让妈妈花太多的钱。故选D。
27．考查推理判断。根据第十二段"I wanted to argue with her, but I didn't. I didn't fully understand it then but I understand it now—now that I'm a grandmother myself. "我想和她争论，但我没有。我当时并不完全理解，但现在我明白了——现在我自己也是个祖母了；第十三段"The longer you live, the more you see how often things go wrong."你活得越久，就越能看到事情出错的频率；以及第十五段"There is a brokenness that fills many of our lives. So, when you see life going well, families working hard and growing strong, you want to celebrate."我们很多人的生活中都充满了破碎。所以，当你看到生活过得很好，家人努力工作、茁壮成长时，你就会想庆祝一下。可推断，作者在经历了生活的破碎之后，才开始理解父母的行为。故选B。
28．考查词义猜测。根据第十四段"Marriages fail, friendships break down ，family members become estranged, and accidents and illnesses cut lives short."婚姻失败，友谊破裂，事故和疾病缩短了生命。可知，生活中出现了一系列的裂痕，所以推断出家庭成员的关系疏远了。可推知划线词estranged意为"疏远"。故选B。
29．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段"So, when you see life going well, families working hard and growing strong, you want to celebrate."所以，当你看到生活过得很好，家人努力工作、茁壮成长时，你就会想庆祝一下；以及最后一段中的" a place of pure and simple joy celebrating those moments when life goes well. "给与礼物是一个纯粹而简单的欢乐之地，庆祝生活顺利的时刻。所以作者认为给予礼物是是在生活顺利时表达我们快乐的一种方式。故选C。
【答案】30．C
31．D
32．A
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了现存的四座最高的摩天大楼。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
30．考查细节理解。根据 ●Buri Khalifa 部分中的"A 304-room hotel occupies the lower floors and there is an observation deck on the 124th floor. "一家有304个房间的酒店位于较低的楼层，124楼有一个观景台。可知，在哈利法塔的较低楼层有一家拥有304个房间的酒店，这里你可以预订房间；以及●International Commerce Centre部分中的"A five-star hotel occupies the upper fifteen floors of the building. There is an observation deck on the 100th floor and a number of five-star restaurants on the 101st floor."一家五星级酒店占据了大楼的最高十五层。100楼有一个观景台，101楼有几家五星级餐厅。可知，环球贸易广场有一座五星级酒店，可知，可以预定房间的地方是Buri Khalifa和International Commerce Centre。故选C。
31．考查细节理解。根据 ●International Commerce Centre 部分中的"The tower is not as high as in earlier plans because of regulations that prevented buildings from being taller than the surrounding mountains."由于规定不允许建筑物高于周围的群山，这座大楼没有以前设计的那么高。可知，International Commerce Centre比设计的高度要低，故选D。
32．考查细节理解。根据 ●Shanghai Word Financial Centre 部分中的"Construction stopped between 1998 and 2003 because of the Asian financial crisis, but it was eventually finished in 2008. "由于亚洲金融危机，建筑工程在1998年至2003年间停工，但最终在2008年竣工。可知，上海环球金融中心的建筑工程因为金融危机停了5年，竣工时间最终在2008年完成。这比原预定的时间要晚，也就是比计划完成的时间长。故选A。
【答案】33．C
34．B
35．D
36．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，Crabtree研究发现，现在人没有以前聪明，因为决定人们基因的变异影响了智力的发展，但这个观点引起了争论。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
33．考查推理判断。根据第五段"These mutations (变异) are harmful to our intelligence and they were all developed in the past 3,000 years. The other evidence that Crabtree holds is in our genes. He found that among the 2,000 to 5,000 genes that we have that determine human intelligence, there are two or more mutations in each of us."这些变异对我们的智力有害，它们都是在过去3000年中发展起来的。Crabtree持有的另一个证据是我们的基因。他发现，在2000到5000个决定人类智力的基因中，每个人都有两个或更多的突变。可知变异对智力有害，决定人类智力的基因发生了变异，可推断Crabtree研究发现，决定人类智力的基因突变影响了智力的发展。故选C。
34．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"In the past, intelligence was critical for survival when our ancestors had to avoid dangerous animals and hunt for food. The difference of being smart or stupid is often life or death."在过去，当我们的祖先不得不避开危险的动物和猎食时，智力对生存至关重要。聪明与愚蠢的区别往往是生与死。可知古人不聪明，就会面临死亡，因此古人在自然选择的压力下而被迫变得聪明。故选B。
35．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"However, Crabtree's theory has been criticized by some who say that early humans may have better hunting and surviving abilities, but people today have developed more diverse intelligence."然而，Crabtree的理论受到了一些人的批评，他们说早期的人类可能有更好的狩猎和生存能力，但是今天的人们已经发展出了更加多样化的智力。可知反对的人认为古人有更好的狩猎和生存能力，现代人有更加多样化的智力，现在人类的智力与遥远过去的人类智力不同。故选D。
36．考查推理判断。根据最后一段"‘You wouldn't get Stephen Hawking 2,000 years ago. He just wouldn't exist,' Thomas Hills of the University of Warwick, UK, told Live Science. ‘But now we have people of his intellectual capacity doing things and making insights (洞察力) that we would never have achieved in our environment of evolutionary adaptation (进化适应).""你不会在2000年前得到斯蒂芬·霍金。他根本不可能存在，"英国沃里克大学的Thomas Hills告诉《现场科学》。"但现在我们有了他这样的智商，在我们进化适应的环境中，我们永远也做不到的事情和见解。"，可知在遥远的过去，如斯蒂芬·霍金这样智力卓越的人是不可能出现的，今天有了这样智商的人，说明Thomas Hills对Crabtree研究发现"现在人没有以前聪明，因为决定人们基因的变异影响了智力的发展"观点持反对态度。故选B。
【答案】37．C；38．A；39．F；40．D
【知识点】说明文；社会现象类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了莫莉玩偶"盲盒"这种销售模式以及中国的年轻人对收集莫莉玩偶的钟爱。
【点评】考查六选四，本文是一篇社会现象类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
37．根据空前"She feeds in the money and a paper box rolls out."她把钱投进去，一个纸盒就滚了出来，此处承接上文，讲的是关于纸盒滚出来之后的事情， C. She can hardly wait to open the box and is excited to discover inside a limited-edition (限量版) Molly doll. "她迫不及待地打开盒子，兴奋地发现里面有一个限量版的莫莉玩偶"符合语境，故选C。
38．根据空前"As the name implies, consumers have no idea which specific doll from a series they will get until they open the box."顾名思义，消费者在打开盒子之前都不知道会从一个系列中得到哪个特定的玩偶；以及空后"Over 400 million Molly dolls are reported to have been sold throughout the country last year!"据报道，去年全国共售出超过4亿只莫莉玩偶，此处承上启下，纪要对应空前的这种"盲盒"的销售模式，又要引出空后的巨大的销量， A. The uncertainty about the product has undoubtedly improved sales of these dolls. "产品的不确定性无疑增加了这些玩偶的销售"符合语境，故选A。
39．根据空后"Psychologists say that collectors are trying to bring some order and meaning to their lives."心理学家说收藏者试图给他们的生活带来秩序和意义，这是在解释人们收藏东西的原因，空后的say 是对F项中why的解释，collectors也与F项中的collection相一致， F. Have you ever wondered why people build a collection of things "你有没有想过为什么人们会收集东西 "符合语境，故选F。
40．根据空前的"Collecting Molly dolls is probably fad (一时的风尚) that will be replaced by another one eventually."收集莫莉玩偶可能是一种时尚，最终会被另一个取代，结合上文年轻人对莫莉玩偶的钟爱可知此处与上文语意上发生转折，肯定莫莉玩偶给年轻收藏者们带来的快乐，D. However, it will definitely give the pleasure you want, and enjoy collecting it. "然而，它肯定会给你带来你想要的快乐，并享受收集它的乐趣"符合语境，故选D。
41．【答案】have reminded
【知识点】现在完成时；固定句式
【解析】【分析】句意：这是我第三次提醒你你的诺言。"It is+the+序数词+time+that从句"结构中that从句中使用现在完成时。故填have reminded。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在完成时以及固定句式"It is+the+序数词+time+that从句"。
42．【答案】had read
【知识点】过去完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：当我父母回来时，我已经读了一半的小说。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语 By the time my parents came back ，可知主句中的谓语动词应用过去完成时，表示"截止到从句动作发生时，主句动作已经完成，即过去的过去"。故填had read。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及过去完成时。
43．【答案】will master
【知识点】一般将来时
【解析】【分析】句意：你练习得越多，你就会越好地掌握这门语言。此句是固定句式"The+比较级，the+比较级"，表示"越...越..."设空处在句中作谓语，结合句意，是指以后你就会越好地掌握这门语言。事情未发生，应用一般将来时，故答案为will master。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般将来时。
44．【答案】was shining
【知识点】过去进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：当我们爬上山顶时，阳光灿烂。此处是谓语动词，结合语境可知，"照耀"发生在过去的某个时间点，应用过去进行时，主语是单数，be动词用was。故填was shining。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及过去进行时。
45．【答案】give
【知识点】祈使句
【解析】【分析】句意：你学英语开心吗？希望如此！但如果一开始你没有成功，再给自己一次机会吧！ if at first you don't succeed是if引导的条件状语从句，主句用祈使句，祈使句省略主语，用动词原形开头，故填give。
【点评】考查祈使句，本题涉及条件状语和祈使句的应用。
46．【答案】worked
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：琼斯先生告诉我，他年轻时在这一领域工作了好几年，这给他带来了后来的成功。根据时间状语"when he was young"可知陈述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时，故填worked。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
47．【答案】were left
【知识点】动词的语态；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：由于地震，许多人无家可归。leave sb+adj表示"使某人处于一种……样的状态"，many people与leave之间是被动关系，语境表明地震发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，且谓语动词用复数，故填were left。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及一般过去时的被动语态。
48．【答案】have been waiting
【知识点】现在完成进行时
【解析】【分析】考查时态。句意：疯狂的影迷们已经耐心地等了两个小时，他们要一直等到电影明星的到来。根据句中时间状语for two hours和后句and they will wait till the movie star arrives.可知，影迷们已经等了两个小时，现在还在等并且未来还继续等下去，所以用现在完成进行时。故填have been waiting。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在完成时。
49．【答案】won't be
【知识点】一般将来时；固定句式
【解析】【分析】句意：用不了多久，那个年轻人就会再次见到我。此处是固定句式It won't be long before...“不久就......”。故填 won't be。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般将来时以及固定句式It won't be long before...。
50．【答案】would be finished
【知识点】动词的语态；过去将来时
【解析】【分析】句意：他们说该工作将在10天后完成。由in ten days可知宾语从句陈述的事情发生在将来，再结合主句为一般过去时，故从句应使用过去将来时，又主语work和finish之间是被动关系，应用过去将来时的被动语态。故填would be finished。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及过去将来时的被动语态。
51．【答案】was walking
【知识点】过去进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：我正沿着忙碌的街道走着，这时候我注意到一个年轻人正在卖玩具，后来我停下来买了一个。be doing sth. when..固定句式，"正在做某事，这时候……"，表示一个动作正在进行时，突然出现了另一个动作，主句用过去进行时，故填was walking。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及过去进行时。
52．【答案】went
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：最后，我的哥哥被一家薪水诱人的国际公司录取，他带着极大的喜悦开始了工作。分析句子结构，该句为and引导的并列句，此空应与and前动词"was admitted"相对应，因此用一般过去时，主语my brother与go为主动关系，故填went。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
53．【答案】can benefit
【知识点】情态动词的基本用法
【解析】【分析】句意：在旅行的时候，我认为把所有可能的因素都考虑进去能使旅行者受益匪浅。动词think 后接宾语从句，从句缺乏谓语，由句意可知，此处表"能、会"，用情态动词can +动词原形。故填can benefit。
【点评】考查情态动词，本题涉及can的应用。
54．【答案】has been done
【知识点】动词的语态；现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：到目前为止，为了满足患者对医疗保健的合理需求，提高医院的整体发展，已经做了很多工作。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语so far可知，句子时态为现在完成时，主语much和谓语动词do构成被动关系且为第三人称单数，故填has been done。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及现在完成时的被动语态。
55．【答案】hadn't been invited
【知识点】动词的语态；过去完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：在20世纪50年代的美国，大多数家庭只有一部电话，无线电话还没有被发明出来。根据yet可知，时态用过完成时。主语wireless phones和动词invent构成被动语态。故填 hadn't been invented。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及过去完成时的被动语态。
56．【答案】have been looking
【知识点】现在完成进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：再过两天，就是圣诞节了。全国的孩子们都盼望着这一天好几个星期了。此处缺乏谓语动词，由句意和时间状语 for weeks可知，look forward to"期盼"这个动作是从过去发生一直延续到了现在，且此动作还要持续下去，应用现在完成进行时，主语Children all over the country是复数，谓语用复数形式。故填have been looking。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在完成时。
57．【答案】is being built
【知识点】动词的语态；现在进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：看，那边正在修新桥!很快就可以通车了。根据"It will be open to traffic soon."可知，新桥还未建成，根据"Look"可知，新桥正在修建中，所以句子用现在进行时。主语bridge和动词build之间构成被动关系。故填is being built。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及现在进行时的被动语态。
58．【答案】are not kept
【知识点】动词的语态；一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意：如果不阻止城市噪音的增加，人们将不得不在20年后的餐桌上大声疾呼才能被听到。此处处是条件状语从句的谓语动词，主句为一般将来时，根据"主将从现"原则，可知此处应用一般现在时表将来，又主语noises和keep之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词用are。故填are not kept。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及一般现在时的被动语态。
【答案】59．dreams；of
60．set foot on
61．had a say
62．be related to
63．without double
64．turned out
65．was torn between
66．tear their eyes away from
【知识点】完成句子
【解析】【分析】be related to动词短语，"与.....有关"；without doubt 介词短语，"毫无疑问"；dream of 动词短语，"梦想"；be torn between动词短语，"左右为难" ；turn out动词短语，"证明是，结果是"；hold . . . back 动词短语，"阻止"；set foot on 动词短语，"踏上"；have a say 动词短语，"有发言权"；tear one's eyes away from动词短语，"把眼睛从.....移开"。
【点评】考查选词填空，要求考生在理解句义的基础上，根据方框内所给的短语，结合相关的语法知识，做出正确答案。
59．句意：他一直梦想着被一所著名的大学录取。根据动名词being可知，第二空应用介词，根据"being admitted into-a famous university"可知，这是他的梦想。结合always可知，此处用一般现在时。故填dreams ；of。
60．句意：当许多游客再次踏上这座古城时，他们不明白为什么它不像过去那样迷人了。根据"they are at a loss"可知，句子时态为一般现在时。根据宾语the old town，应是"踏上这座古城"，故填set foot on。
61．句意：在这个学期开始的时候，我们的班主任告诉我们，我们在如何组织所有的班级活动上有发言权。根据主句时态为一般过去时可知，宾语从句中也应该使用一般过去时。根据宾语"how to organize all the class activities"可知，此处是指学生在班级活动的组织上有发言权。故填had a say。
62．句意：据医生说，警方正在寻找可能与事故受害者死亡有关的线索和药物。在定语从句中，主语that代指先行词the clues and medicines，宾语为the death of the person，这两者是的关系为"相关"，故填be related to。
63．句意：应该鼓励学生参加各种社会活动，毫无疑问，这将为他们在未来的职业生涯的成功奠定坚实的基础。"学生参加各种社会活动"将为他们在未来的职业生涯的成功奠定坚实的基础是毫无疑问的，故填without doubt。
64．句意：经过反复实验，你的想法最终证明是正确的。根据finally和"After repeated experiments"可知，事情是发生在过去，所以用一般过去时。根据"After repeated experiments"可知，是经过了多次试验之后，想法得到了证明。故填turned out。
65．句意：在冠状病毒爆发之前，我在出国深造和找工作之间左右为难。根据"Before the coronavirus outbreak"可知，句子用一般过去时。在冠状病毒爆发之前，出国深造和找工作都可以，所以"我"会左右为难。故填was torn between。
66．句意：架子上的玩具太漂亮了，孩子们的眼睛都离不开它们。根据架子上的玩具太漂亮可知，孩子们无法从玩具身上移开他们的眼睛。情态动词后接动词原形。故填tear their eyes away from。
67．【答案】It is our duty to prevent the environment from being polluted.
【知识点】一般现在时；汉译英；it的用法；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】由句意可知，本句描述一个客观的事实，用一般现在时，本句可用It作形式主语，be动词是is，表语是our duty，真正的主语是动词不定式短语，即to prevent environmental pollution，放在句末，避免头重脚轻；再根据其他汉语提示，故答案为It is our duty to prevent environmental pollution。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时，it作形式主语时态和动词不定式作真正的主语。
68．【答案】Make sure you bring a mask with you when you go out.
【知识点】固定短语；一般现在时；时间状语从句；祈使句
【解析】【分析】表示"确保"应用动词短语make sure；表示"戴好"应用动词wear，表示"在出门前"应用before going out；before为介词，故后面的非谓语动词应用动名词的形式。结合句意，此句应为祈使句。故答案为Make sure to wear a mask before going out.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及祈使句，宾语从句，时间状语从句以及固定短语make sure。
69．【答案】He was amazed at the great changes that had taken place in his hometown after he returned from the foreign country.
【知识点】一般过去时；过去完成时；关系代词引导定语从句的用法；时间状语从句
【解析】【分析】be amazed at"对……感到惊讶"，" 家乡的巨大变化 "，应用定语从句，译为： the great changes that had taken place in his hometown ，先行词the great changes在主句中作at的宾语；"国外回来"应用after引导的时间状语从句，谓语动词return应用一般过去时，故答案为He was amazed at the great changes that had taken place in his hometown after he returned from the foreign country.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般过去时，过去完成时，定语从句，时间状语从句。
70．【答案】If you walk in the English countryside, you will find piles of stones along the road from time to time.
【知识点】固定短语；一般现在时；一般将来时；条件状语从句
【解析】【分析】由句意可知，本句可由if引导条件状语从句，主句一般将来时，从句一般现在时，固定搭配from time to time（有时），piles of（成堆的），从句主语you ，从句谓语walk ，主句主语you，主句谓语will find ，主句宾语piles of stones；再根据其他汉语提示，故答案为：If you walk in the English countryside, you will find piles of stones along the road from time to time。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及条件状语从句、一般现在时，一般将来时以及固定短语from time to time。
71．【答案】The first time l came to Hangzhou ，I was attracted by the beauty of the West Lake and many tourist attractions of this city.
【知识点】动词的语态；固定短语；一般过去时；时间状语从句
【解析】【分析】由句意可知，事情已发生，时态用一般过去时，可由the first time引导时间状语从句，表示"第一次……"，固定搭配be attracted by sth."被某物吸引"， the beauty of the West Lake"西湖的美"，tourist attractions"旅游景点"；再根据其他汉语提示，故答案为：The first time I came to Hangzhou, I was attracted by the beauty of the West Lake and many tourist attractions in the city。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及时间状语从句、一般过去时的被动语态和固定搭配be attracted by sth。
72．【答案】The young athlete was so determined to break the world record that he finally won the gold medal. ,although there were many difficulties.
【知识点】固定短语；一般过去时；让步状语从句；结果状语从句
【解析】【分析】由句意可知，事情已发生，时态用一般过去时；可由so...that...引导结果状语从句，固定搭配be determined to do sth."决心做某事"，in spite of （尽管），主句主语The young athlete ，主句系动词was ，主句表语determined，从句主语 he，从句谓语won，从句宾语the gold medal；再根据其他汉语提示，故答案为：The young athlete was so determined to break the world record that he won the gold medal in spite of many difficulties。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般过去时，结果状语从句，让步状语从句和固定搭配be determined to do sth.。
73．【答案】略
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以一名中国学生的身份写一封信，倡导游客们爱护长城，保护历史古迹。写作背景：长城是中国的骄傲，体现了我国古代劳动人民的勤劳与智慧，见证了我国光辉的历史。但近期有人发现游客在长城上刻名字或涂鸦。考生需要根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），并进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。最后连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点评】本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
1 / 1上海市奉贤区重点中学2023-2024学年高一上学期11月期中考试英语试卷
一、Vocabulary
Directions: Complete the passage with the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. suitable B. unfortunately C. worsen D. afford E. risk F. expensive G. ideally H. provide I. solution J. remain K. concern
In recent weeks, many parents have realized the difficult truth about school this fall because of COVID-19. Hoping for a better 1． , parents around US. have started organizing "pandemic (流行病) pods," or home schooling pods, for the fall, in which groups of 3 to 10 students learn together in homes under the guidance of the children's parents or a hired teacher.
For parents who can organize and 2． them, pods seem like an easy choice. "I don't believe that the online courses for that age group are 3． . Kids at this age really need that multimodal sensory learning (多模式感官学习). "one parent said.
These pods could 4． families with a schooling choice that feels safe —yet also allows kids to
have fun and build social skills，However, it also has unavoidable shortcoming.
Depending on how the pods are set up, they may offer parents a break. But given that Pods can be 5． a complicated to organize and self-selecting, it is possible that they are most popular among wealthy families, experts say, and may 6． educational inequality.
Another 7． about pods is that families may not know how to minimize Covid risks. Pods shouldn't
have more than five kids 8． ， said Saskia Popescu, an infection prevention expert. When
you add together the teacher and all of the kids' family members, a seemingly small pod ends up including dozens of people, and the more people in it, the greater the 9． for coronavirus exposure (接触). Furthermore families in learning pods shouldn't socialize with people outside the pod unless they wear masks and 10． socially distant, Dr. Popescu said, Pods should have clear rules on wearing masks and washing hands.
【答案】1．I；2．D；3．A；4．H；5．F；6．C；7．K；8．G；9．E；10．J
【知识点】说明文；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了新冠肺炎流行期间，一些家长建立学习小组，组织孩子在家接受教育。同时这种模式也带来了一些问题。
【点评】考查选词填空，考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍检查验证。
1．句意：为了找到一个更好的解决办法，美国各地的家长们已经开始建立学习小组，为秋季做准备。在小屋里，让3到10个学生在孩子的父母或者雇佣的老师的指导下在家里一起学习。根据空格前的不定冠词a，可知此处为名词，根据第一段中的"parents around U.S. have started organizing ‘pandemic (流行病) pods', or home schooling pods"可知，为了找到一个更好的解决办法，美国各地的家长们已经开始组织"流行病小屋"，或者家庭教育小屋，所以此处表达solution"方法"为可数名词，a better solution作介词for的宾语。故填I。
2．句意：对于那些能够组织起来并负担得起的父母来说，学习小组似乎是一个简单的选择。分析句子可知，空格处和organize并列，应用动词，afford"负担得起"为动词，符合句意。故选D。
3．句意：我认为网络课程对这个年龄组的孩子是不合适的。此处作表语，根据第二段中的"Kids at this age really need that multimodal sensory learning (多模式感官学习)." 可知，网络课程对这个年龄组的孩子是不合适的。所以此处用suitable"合适的"为形容词，作表语。故选A。
4．句意：这些学习小组可以为家庭提供安全的教育选择——同时也让孩子们玩得开心，培养社交技能。情态动词could后接动词原形，provide"提供"为动词，provide sb with sth，固定短语，"提供给某人某物"，和could一起构成复合谓语，符合句意。故选H。
5．句意：但专家表示，考虑到学习小组教育的昂贵、组织和自选过程复杂，它们可能在富裕家庭中最受欢迎，并可能加剧教育不平等。动词be后需要接表语，expensive"昂贵的"为形容词，作表语，符合句意。故选F。
6．句意：但专家表示，考虑到学习小组教育的昂贵、组织和自选过程复杂，它们可能在富裕家庭中最受欢迎，并可能加剧教育不平等。情态动词may后需要接动词原形，根据四段中的"it is possible that they are most popular among wealthy families, "可知，加剧了教育的不平等。所以worsen"使更糟糕"为动词，和may一起构成复合谓语，符合句意。故选C。
7．句意：关于学习小组教育的另一个担忧是，家庭可能不知道如何最小化新冠肺炎的风险。another"又一；另一"此处为形容词，后面需要接名词，concern "担忧"为名词，符合句意。故选K。
8．句意：传染病预防专家Saskia Popescu,说，小屋最好不要超过五个孩子。ideally"理想地；最好地"为副词，修饰整句，符合句意。故选G。
9．句意：当你把老师和所有孩子的家庭成员加在一起，一个看起来很小的学习小组最终包含了几十个人，而且里面的人越多，感染冠状病毒的风险就越大。根据定冠词the可知空格处为名词，根据"the more people in it"可知，越多，感染冠状病毒的风险就越大。risk"风险"为名词，符合句意。故选E。
10．句意：此外，Dr. Popescu说，在学习小组的家庭不应该与屋外的人交往，除非他们戴上面具，并保持社交距离。根据连词and可知空格处与前文wear masks并列，应填动词。remain"保持"为系动词，remain socially distant意为"保持社交距离"，符合句意。故选J。
二、Reading Comprehension
Section A，Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word of phrase that best fits the context.
Should you listen to music when you work
Do you like to listen to music when you work
Ask this question at a party, and you'll probably get 11． responses. Some will say they love it, claiming that it improves their performance; others will say they find it distracting （分散注意力的) and cannot work 12． with music playing in the background.
Interestingly enough, our research has found that both of these viewpoints can be true. It just 13． on what sort of work you're doing.
In a recent study, we brought participants into our lab to perform a variety of tasks. They included a（n) 14． task一searching through word lists and crossing out words containing the letter "a" and a more difficult task memorizing word pairs and 15． each word to its partner. Some participants completed all of the tasks in silence, 16． others completed the tasks with instrumental music that was either loud or soft, and either simple or complex, the latter meaning music with more instruments being played. Several key findings 17． from our study.
We found that participants who listened to simple music or no music performed about the same on the easy task. However, participants who listened to 18． music performed best on the easy task.
On the contrary, participants performed worse on the more difficult task when they listened to any music, regardless of complexity or volume, compared to those who didn't listen to any music.
How should we 19． these findings
We suggest that people have limited mental resources from which both 20． and tasks can draw. We can become 21． and our minds may wander when these resources are not fully used. But we also can become over-excited and 22． when these resources are used up.
Not surprisingly, we typically need to use fewer of our mental resources when we perform ceasy tasks, whereas demanding tasks require more brainpower. However, because we might be less 23． during easier tasks, there is a greater risk of drifting off. Music might give us the extra 24． we need to overcome the monotony （单调)。 However, difficult tasks already demand a lot of our resources. Listening to music can become too much.
So best 25． should appear when we strike a "sweet spot," which may depend on the type of music and the type of task.
11．A． fixed B． similar C． various D． positive
12．A． effectively B． immediately C． exactly D． happily
13．A． depends B． focuses C． carries D． takes
14．A． unpleasant B． familiar C． impossible D． easy
15．A． matching B． realizing C． suggesting D． creating
16．A． until B． while C． since D． when
17．A． faded B． appeared C． survived D． responded
18．A． dull B． reliable C． necessary D． complex
19．A． make up for B． make out
C． make use of D． make up
20．A． music B． work C． study D． culture
21．A． surprised B． bored C． afraid D． proud
22．A． interested B． distracted C． attracted D． worried
23．A． disgusted B． embarrassed C． frightened D． engaged
24．A． obstacle B． push C． opportunity D． rule
25．A． action B． program C． performance D． problem
【答案】11．C；12．A；13．A；14．D；15．A；16．B；17．B；18．D；19．B；20．A；21．B；22．B；23．D；24．B；25．C
【知识点】说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过"你上班时会听音乐吗 "这一问题展开研究，发现两种完全相反但又真实存在的观点，无论是音乐提高了工作效率还是分散了注意力，这取决于音乐类型和工作类型。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，连词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
11．句意：在聚会上问这个问题，大概会得到各种各样的回答。A. fixed"固定的"：B. similar "相似的"；C. various "各种各样的"；D. positive"积极的"。根据下文"Some will say they love it, claiming that it improves their performance; others will say they find it distracting （分散注意力的) and cannot work 2 with music playing in the background."有些人会说他们喜欢它，声称它能提高他们的表现；其他人会说，他们觉得这会分散注意力，无法在背景音乐播放的情况下有效工作。可推断出，对于上班是否听音乐，有各种各样的回答。故选C。
12．句意：其他人会说他们觉得这会分散注意力并且播放背景音乐时无法有效工作。A. effectively" 有效地"；B. immediately "立刻地"；C. exactly "精确地"；D. happily"快乐地"。根据空前"others will say they find it distracting"可知此处指分散注意力，不能够有效地工作。故选A。
13．句意：这取决于你在做什么工作。A. depends"依靠"；B. focuses" 聚焦"；C. carries "携带"；D. takes"拿，取"。根据下文" depend on the type of music and the type of task." 可知此处指音乐是否有助于工作取决于你做什么工作。depend on固定短语，"依靠，取决于"。故选A。
14．句意：在最近的一项研究中，我们将参与者带到实验室来执行各种任务。他们包括一项简单的任务——在单词列表中搜索并划掉包含字母"a"的单词，以及一项更困难的任务——记忆单词对并将其与搭档匹配。A. unpleasant "不快乐的"；B. familiar" 熟悉的"；C. impossible" 不可能"；D. easy"容易的"。根据空后"crossing out words containing the letter‘a'" 划掉包含字母"a"的单词 "和"a more difficult task"可知他们包括一项简单的任务。故选D。
15．句意：在最近的一项研究中，我们将参与者带到实验室来执行各种任务。他们包括一项简单的任务——在单词列表中搜索并划掉包含字母"a"的单词，以及一项更困难的任务——记忆单词对并将其与搭档匹配。A. matching "搭配"；B. realizing" 意识到"；C. suggesting"建议"；D. creating "创造"。根据空前"memorizing word pairs"；以及空后"to its partner"可知此处指单词匹配。故选A。
16．句意：一些参与者在沉默中完成了所有的任务，而另一些参与者则在响亮或柔和、简单或复杂的器乐中完成了任务，后者意味着演奏更多乐器的音乐。 A. until "直到……"；B. while"然而，和......同时"；C. since""自从，从那以后"；D. when"当…...的时候"。分析空格前后两句的句意可知两句之间是对比转折关系，while有"然而"这一层意思，可以表对比、转折。故选B。
17．句意：我们的研究中出现了几个关键发现。 A. faded "褪色"；B. appeared "出现"；C. survived "幸免"；D. responded"作出反应，响应"。根据下文"We found "可知，研究中出现了几个关键发现。故选B。
18．句意：然而，听复杂音乐的参与者在简单的任务中表现最好。 A. dull "乏味的，单调的，呆板的"；B. reliable "可依靠的"；C. necessary "有必要的"；D. complex"复杂的"。根据上文"simple music or no music"；以及空前"However"一词可知此处指复杂的音乐。故选D。
19．句意：我们应该如何理解这些发现？ A. make up for "弥补，补偿"；B. make out"弄明白，理解"；C. make use of"利用"；D. make up"编造，化妆"。根据下文"We suggest that ……"以及"and our minds may wander when these resources are not fully used. "而当这些资源未被充分利用时，我们的大脑可能会走神。"可知,下文是对上文"我们如何如何理解这些发现"的解释。故选B。
20．句意：我们认为，人们能够从音乐和任务中汲取灵感的智力资源有限。A. music "音乐"；B. work "工作"；C. study "学习，研究"；D. culture"文化"。根据上文讨论的听音乐与工作关系的细节描述可知此处人们能够从音乐和任务中汲取灵感的智力资源有限。故选A。
21．句意：当这些资源没有得到充分利用时，我们可能会变得无聊，我们的思想可能会走神。A. surprised "吃惊的"；B. bored "无聊的"；C. afraid "害怕的"；D. proud"骄傲的"。与空后"our minds may wander"我们的大脑可能会走神，是并列关系，结合选项可知bored与下文语义衔接恰当，故选B。
22．句意：但是，当这些资源耗尽时，我们也可能会过度兴奋和分心。A. interested "感兴趣的"；B. distracted "分心的"；C. attracted "有吸引力的"；D. worried "担心的"。根据空前"over-excited"可知,当这些资源耗尽时，我们也可能会过度兴奋和分心。故选B。
23．句意：然而，因为我们在更简单的任务中可能没那么投入，所以偏离轨道的风险更大。A. disgusted "讨厌的"；B. embarrassed"尴尬的"；C. frightened "害怕的"；D. engaged "忙的，投入的，已订婚的"。根据上文"we typically need to use fewer of our mental resources when we perform easy tasks. 我们完成简单的任务时，我们通常需要使用较少的大脑资源。"可知，我们处理简单的任务时，一般不会特别投入。故选D。
24．句意：音乐可能会给予我们克服单调所需的额外动力。A. obstacle"障碍"；B. push"推，奋斗，努力"；C. opportunity "机会"；D. rule"规则"。根据空后"we need to overcome the monotony."我们需要克服单调乏味；以及上文描述的音乐的积极作用，可知音乐可以促进我们克服单调。故选B。
25．句意：所以，最佳表现应该出现在我们达到"最佳位置"时，这可能取决于音乐类型和任务类型。A. action "行动"；B. program"节目，计划"；C. performance "表演，表现"；D. problem"问题"。根据上文"claiming that it improves their performance."可知此处指工作表现取决于音乐类型和工作类型。故选C。
Section B，Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
Our youngest daughter can be stubborn about receiving gifts, and I told her so.
"Where do you think I get it from " she asked.
"I'm not stubborn when it comes to receiving gifts, " I said. "I used to be, but not now. "
She has a birthday coming up and we want to get her some new cowboy boots.
Cowboy boots aren't cheap, but we want to do something special and get her something she could use and enjoy for years to come.
But my daughter is pushing back, saying she's happy with her current boots-which are old and worn-out.
I push back, she pushes back, and we become locked in a mother daughter match over stubbornness and how much is too much to spend on a special gif.
She thinks my husband and 1 do too much for her. I used to think the same thing about my parents-my parents weren't rich, but they were generous.
They kept saying they enjoyed giving me gifts, but all I could think about was how much money they were wasting on me.
Years ago. I mentioned to a friend that I thought my mother overdid it when it came to buying gifts for her children.
My friend, closer to my mothers age than mine, looked at me and said, "who are you to tell your mother what she can do "
I wanted to argue with her, but I didn't. I didn't fully understand it then but I understand it now-now that I'm a grandmother myself.
The longer you live, the more you see how often things go wrong.
Marriages fail, friendships break down, family members become estranged, and accidents and illnesses cut lives short.
There is a brokenness that fills many of our lives. So, when you see life going well, families working hard and growing strong, you want to celebrate.
It took a lot of time for me to understand that giving is an expression of joy, as much as it is an expression of love. I understand where my daughter is coming from, but I also understand where my parents were coming from -a place of pure and simple joy celebrating those moments when life goes well.
26．Why did the author's daughter try to refuse her mom's gift
A．She had many boots to wear.
B．She wanted something else for her birthday.
C．She didn't like the style of the boots.
D．She didn't want her mom to spend too much money.
27．The author began to understand her parent' behavior after she ____.
A．listened to her friends' advice
B．experienced brokenness in life
C．communicated with her busband
D．received gifts from other family members
28．The underlined word"estranged" most probably means"____"
A．lonely B．distant C．joyful D．complete
29．What does the author think about gift giving
A．It is the best way to express our love to others.
B．It is an expression of hope for the future,
C．It is a way to show our joy when life is going well.
D．It is a way for people to escape bad things in life.
【答案】26．D
27．B
28．B
29．C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者通过给女儿送礼物以及通过生活中经历的一些不幸的事情使得作者明白了：送礼物是一种幸福的表达，是一种爱的表达，也是一种庆祝生活顺利的时刻的方式。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、词义猜测题和推理判断题，是一篇故事类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
26．考查推理判断。根据第六段"But my daughter is pushing back, saying she's happy with her current boots-which are old and worn-out."但是我的女儿反对，她说她很满意她现在的靴子——这双鞋子是旧的和坏的；以及第七段中的"...how much is too much to spend on a special gift.She thinks my husband and I do too much for her."我们陷入了挣扎，要花多少钱去买特殊的礼物。她认为我和我丈夫为她做的太多了。可推知，女儿拒绝妈妈的礼物是不想让妈妈花太多的钱。故选D。
27．考查推理判断。根据第十二段"I wanted to argue with her, but I didn't. I didn't fully understand it then but I understand it now—now that I'm a grandmother myself. "我想和她争论，但我没有。我当时并不完全理解，但现在我明白了——现在我自己也是个祖母了；第十三段"The longer you live, the more you see how often things go wrong."你活得越久，就越能看到事情出错的频率；以及第十五段"There is a brokenness that fills many of our lives. So, when you see life going well, families working hard and growing strong, you want to celebrate."我们很多人的生活中都充满了破碎。所以，当你看到生活过得很好，家人努力工作、茁壮成长时，你就会想庆祝一下。可推断，作者在经历了生活的破碎之后，才开始理解父母的行为。故选B。
28．考查词义猜测。根据第十四段"Marriages fail, friendships break down ，family members become estranged, and accidents and illnesses cut lives short."婚姻失败，友谊破裂，事故和疾病缩短了生命。可知，生活中出现了一系列的裂痕，所以推断出家庭成员的关系疏远了。可推知划线词estranged意为"疏远"。故选B。
29．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段"So, when you see life going well, families working hard and growing strong, you want to celebrate."所以，当你看到生活过得很好，家人努力工作、茁壮成长时，你就会想庆祝一下；以及最后一段中的" a place of pure and simple joy celebrating those moments when life goes well. "给与礼物是一个纯粹而简单的欢乐之地，庆祝生活顺利的时刻。所以作者认为给予礼物是是在生活顺利时表达我们快乐的一种方式。故选C。
阅读理解
For years, the Empire State Building in New York was recognized as the tallest buildings in the world, but in recent decades. my much higher structures have been built. Read on to learn more about four of the tallest skyscrapers existing today.
●Buri Khalifa
Buri Khalifs in Dubai, United Arab Emrates, is currently the tallest building in the world. The tower is part of a new development built on a man-made lake. Burj Khalifa has a distinctive shape so that the windows look out onto the Persian Gulf. A 304-room hotel occupies the lower floors and there is observation deck on the 124th floor. The top floor is home toa private VIP club, closed to anyone except members.
●Shanghai Word Financial Centre
This skyscraper has the highest observation deck in the world, although the building itself is no longer the tallest. Construction stopped between 1998 and 2003 because of the Asian financial crisis, but it was eventually finished in 2008. The most distinctive feature in its design is the geometric opening at the top of the tower.
●International Commerce Centre
This skyscraper in Hong Kong stands on top of Kowloon Station, which gave its name to the original proposal for the building. The tower is not as high as in earlier plans because of regulations that prevented buildings from being taller than the surrounding mountains. A five-star hotel occupies the upper fifteen floors of the building. There is an observation deck on the 100th floor and a number of five-star restaurants on the 101st floor.
●Petronas Tower
These towers in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, are the tallest twin buildings in the world. They were built on the site of the city's horse-racing tracking and an exclusive shopping centre is located at the base. The towers are connected by a sky bridge on the 41st and 42nd floors, which is the highest two-storey bridge in the word. It is open to the public, but only a limited number of free tickets are given out each day, and visitors are allowed no more than ten minutes on the bridge.
30．In which two buildings can you book a room
A．Buri Khalifa and Shanghai World Financial Centre.
B．International Commerce Centre and Petronas Towers.
C．Burj Khalifa and International Commerce Centre.
D．Petronas Towers and Burj Khalifa.
31．____is/are shorter than it/they was/were designed to be.
A．Burj Khalifa
B．Shanghai World Financial Centre
C．Petronas Towers
D．International Commerce Centre
32．According to the passage, which of the following statement is true
A．Shanghai World Financial Center took longer to complete than planned
B．Visitors have to pay to stay on the two-storey bridge in Petronas Towers
C．International Commerce Center is named after its investor.
D．The top floor of Buri Khalifa is accessible to everyone.
【答案】30．C
31．D
32．A
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了现存的四座最高的摩天大楼。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
30．考查细节理解。根据 ●Buri Khalifa 部分中的"A 304-room hotel occupies the lower floors and there is an observation deck on the 124th floor. "一家有304个房间的酒店位于较低的楼层，124楼有一个观景台。可知，在哈利法塔的较低楼层有一家拥有304个房间的酒店，这里你可以预订房间；以及●International Commerce Centre部分中的"A five-star hotel occupies the upper fifteen floors of the building. There is an observation deck on the 100th floor and a number of five-star restaurants on the 101st floor."一家五星级酒店占据了大楼的最高十五层。100楼有一个观景台，101楼有几家五星级餐厅。可知，环球贸易广场有一座五星级酒店，可知，可以预定房间的地方是Buri Khalifa和International Commerce Centre。故选C。
31．考查细节理解。根据 ●International Commerce Centre 部分中的"The tower is not as high as in earlier plans because of regulations that prevented buildings from being taller than the surrounding mountains."由于规定不允许建筑物高于周围的群山，这座大楼没有以前设计的那么高。可知，International Commerce Centre比设计的高度要低，故选D。
32．考查细节理解。根据 ●Shanghai Word Financial Centre 部分中的"Construction stopped between 1998 and 2003 because of the Asian financial crisis, but it was eventually finished in 2008. "由于亚洲金融危机，建筑工程在1998年至2003年间停工，但最终在2008年竣工。可知，上海环球金融中心的建筑工程因为金融危机停了5年，竣工时间最终在2008年完成。这比原预定的时间要晚，也就是比计划完成的时间长。故选A。
阅读理解
Are we getting more stupid According to Genld Crabtree, a scientist at Standord University in the US, we are.
You may not want to hear this, but Crabtree believes that human intelligence reached its peak more than 2000 years ago and ever since then has been going downhill. "If an average Greek from 1,000 BC were transported to modern times, he or she would be one of the brightest among us," Crabtree told The Guardian.
At the heart of Crabree's thinking is a simple idea. In the past, intelligence is critical for survival when our ancestors had to avoid dangerous animals and hunt for food. The difference of being smart or stupid is often life or death. However, after the spread of agriculture, when our ancestors began to live in dense farming communities. The need to keep their intelligence in peak. -condition gradually reduced.
This is not hard to understand. Most of the time, pressure is what keeps us going-you need the pressure from your teachers to finish your homework; the pressure of looking pretty encourages you to lose weight when summer comes. And the same is also true of our intelligence -if we think less, we become less smart
These mutaions (变异) are harmful to our intelligence and they were all developed in the past 3. 000 yean. The other evidence that Crabtree holds is in our genes. He found that among the 20000 to 50000 genes that we have that determine human intelligence, there are two or more mutations in each of us.
However, Crabtree's theory has been criticized by some who say that early humans may have better hunting and surviving abilities but people today have developed a more diverse intelligence. For example, paring (用矛刺)a tiger doesn't necessarily require more brainpower than playing chess or writing a poem. Moreover, the power
of modern education means a lot more people have the opportunity to learn nowadays.
"You wouldn't get Stephen Hawking 2, 00 years ago. He just wouldn't exit. " Thomas Hills of the University of Warwick. UK, told Live Science "But now we have people of his intellectual capability doing things and making
Insights(洞察力) that we would never have achieved in our environment of evolutionary adaptation. (进化适应)"
33．What is Crabtree's recent finding according to the article
A．The Greeks from 100 BC cold have been the smartest in human history
B．Our ancient ancestors had no better surviving abilities than we do nowadays.
C．Mutations in genes that decide human intelligence have affected the development of intelligence.
D．Humans have been getting steadily more intelligent since the invention of farming
34．According to Crabtree, ancient humans____
A．had much more genes that determine human intelligence
B．were forced to be smart due to natural selection pressures
C．relied more on group intelligence than individual intelligence
D．developed a diverse intelligence to adapt to the hard realities
35．Some argue that Cabree's theory is false because they think____
A．people today are under much more pressure than early humans
B．it's unreasonable to compare a hunter s and a poet's intelligence
C．modern education is far more advanced than ancient education
D．human intelligence nowadays is different from that of the distant past
36．What is Thomas Hill's attitude toward Crabtree's theory
A．He is for Crabtree's theory.
B．He is against Crabtree's theory.
C．He is worried about Crabtree's theory.
D．He is confused about Crabtree's theory.
【答案】33．C
34．B
35．D
36．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，Crabtree研究发现，现在人没有以前聪明，因为决定人们基因的变异影响了智力的发展，但这个观点引起了争论。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
33．考查推理判断。根据第五段"These mutations (变异) are harmful to our intelligence and they were all developed in the past 3,000 years. The other evidence that Crabtree holds is in our genes. He found that among the 2,000 to 5,000 genes that we have that determine human intelligence, there are two or more mutations in each of us."这些变异对我们的智力有害，它们都是在过去3000年中发展起来的。Crabtree持有的另一个证据是我们的基因。他发现，在2000到5000个决定人类智力的基因中，每个人都有两个或更多的突变。可知变异对智力有害，决定人类智力的基因发生了变异，可推断Crabtree研究发现，决定人类智力的基因突变影响了智力的发展。故选C。
34．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"In the past, intelligence was critical for survival when our ancestors had to avoid dangerous animals and hunt for food. The difference of being smart or stupid is often life or death."在过去，当我们的祖先不得不避开危险的动物和猎食时，智力对生存至关重要。聪明与愚蠢的区别往往是生与死。可知古人不聪明，就会面临死亡，因此古人在自然选择的压力下而被迫变得聪明。故选B。
35．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"However, Crabtree's theory has been criticized by some who say that early humans may have better hunting and surviving abilities, but people today have developed more diverse intelligence."然而，Crabtree的理论受到了一些人的批评，他们说早期的人类可能有更好的狩猎和生存能力，但是今天的人们已经发展出了更加多样化的智力。可知反对的人认为古人有更好的狩猎和生存能力，现代人有更加多样化的智力，现在人类的智力与遥远过去的人类智力不同。故选D。
36．考查推理判断。根据最后一段"‘You wouldn't get Stephen Hawking 2,000 years ago. He just wouldn't exist,' Thomas Hills of the University of Warwick, UK, told Live Science. ‘But now we have people of his intellectual capacity doing things and making insights (洞察力) that we would never have achieved in our environment of evolutionary adaptation (进化适应).""你不会在2000年前得到斯蒂芬·霍金。他根本不可能存在，"英国沃里克大学的Thomas Hills告诉《现场科学》。"但现在我们有了他这样的智商，在我们进化适应的环境中，我们永远也做不到的事情和见解。"，可知在遥远的过去，如斯蒂芬·霍金这样智力卓越的人是不可能出现的，今天有了这样智商的人，说明Thomas Hills对Crabtree研究发现"现在人没有以前聪明，因为决定人们基因的变异影响了智力的发展"观点持反对态度。故选B。
Section C，Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. The uncertainty about the product has undoubtedly improved sales of these dolls. B. Designer dolls satisfy the spiritual needs of young Chinese consumers. C. She can hardly wait to open the box and is excited to discover inside a limited-edition (限量版) Molly doll. D. However, it will definitely give the pleasure you want, and enjoy collecting it. E. The small toys fit in the palm of your hand and come dressed in cute costumes. F. Have you ever wondered why people build a collection of things
Designer Dolls Become Desirable Collectables
Kan Hui, a senior stage set designer based in Beijing, stands in front of a vending machine (自动售货机) in a shopping center. She feeds in the money and a paper box rolls out. 37． Dolls are not just toys for little girls any more. They have become desirable collectables for many young Chinese under the age of thirty.
Molly, a little girl with curly hair, wide eyes and pouting (撅着的) lips, is one of the best-selling- dolls in China Each Molly sells for 59 yuan and there are over one hundred editions of the doll in different series. For doll fans, it is an affordable way to build an "art" collection.
In fact, what has made collecting designer dolls a new phenomenon is the concept of a "blind box". As the name implies, consumers have no idea which specific doll from a series they will get until they open the box. 38． Over 400 million Molly dolls are reported to have been sold throughout the country last year!
39． Psychologists say that collectors are trying to bring some order and meaning to their lives. That may be true, but I think they do it just because it is fun and sometimes educational. I have a friend who collects beer bottles. He does not recycle them for money. Instead, he has them lined up in neat rows on shelves, and over 200 of them are from more than 30 different countries-a good way to learn about geography.
Collecting Molly dolls is probably a fad (一时的风尚) that will be replaced by another one eventually 40．
【答案】37．C；38．A；39．F；40．D
【知识点】说明文；社会现象类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了莫莉玩偶"盲盒"这种销售模式以及中国的年轻人对收集莫莉玩偶的钟爱。
【点评】考查六选四，本文是一篇社会现象类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
37．根据空前"She feeds in the money and a paper box rolls out."她把钱投进去，一个纸盒就滚了出来，此处承接上文，讲的是关于纸盒滚出来之后的事情， C. She can hardly wait to open the box and is excited to discover inside a limited-edition (限量版) Molly doll. "她迫不及待地打开盒子，兴奋地发现里面有一个限量版的莫莉玩偶"符合语境，故选C。
38．根据空前"As the name implies, consumers have no idea which specific doll from a series they will get until they open the box."顾名思义，消费者在打开盒子之前都不知道会从一个系列中得到哪个特定的玩偶；以及空后"Over 400 million Molly dolls are reported to have been sold throughout the country last year!"据报道，去年全国共售出超过4亿只莫莉玩偶，此处承上启下，纪要对应空前的这种"盲盒"的销售模式，又要引出空后的巨大的销量， A. The uncertainty about the product has undoubtedly improved sales of these dolls. "产品的不确定性无疑增加了这些玩偶的销售"符合语境，故选A。
39．根据空后"Psychologists say that collectors are trying to bring some order and meaning to their lives."心理学家说收藏者试图给他们的生活带来秩序和意义，这是在解释人们收藏东西的原因，空后的say 是对F项中why的解释，collectors也与F项中的collection相一致， F. Have you ever wondered why people build a collection of things "你有没有想过为什么人们会收集东西 "符合语境，故选F。
40．根据空前的"Collecting Molly dolls is probably fad (一时的风尚) that will be replaced by another one eventually."收集莫莉玩偶可能是一种时尚，最终会被另一个取代，结合上文年轻人对莫莉玩偶的钟爱可知此处与上文语意上发生转折，肯定莫莉玩偶给年轻收藏者们带来的快乐，D. However, it will definitely give the pleasure you want, and enjoy collecting it. "然而，它肯定会给你带来你想要的快乐，并享受收集它的乐趣"符合语境，故选D。
三、Blank-filling，Directions: Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the verbs in the brackets.
41． It is the third time I (remind) you of the promise you made.
【答案】have reminded
【知识点】现在完成时；固定句式
【解析】【分析】句意：这是我第三次提醒你你的诺言。"It is+the+序数词+time+that从句"结构中that从句中使用现在完成时。故填have reminded。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在完成时以及固定句式"It is+the+序数词+time+that从句"。
42． By the time my parents came back, I (read) half of the novel.
【答案】had read
【知识点】过去完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：当我父母回来时，我已经读了一半的小说。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语 By the time my parents came back ，可知主句中的谓语动词应用过去完成时，表示"截止到从句动作发生时，主句动作已经完成，即过去的过去"。故填had read。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及过去完成时。
43． The you practice, the better you (master) the language.
【答案】will master
【知识点】一般将来时
【解析】【分析】句意：你练习得越多，你就会越好地掌握这门语言。此句是固定句式"The+比较级，the+比较级"，表示"越...越..."设空处在句中作谓语，结合句意，是指以后你就会越好地掌握这门语言。事情未发生，应用一般将来时，故答案为will master。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般将来时。
44． The sun (shine) brightly when we climbed to the top of the hill.
【答案】was shining
【知识点】过去进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：当我们爬上山顶时，阳光灿烂。此处是谓语动词，结合语境可知，"照耀"发生在过去的某个时间点，应用过去进行时，主语是单数，be动词用was。故填was shining。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及过去进行时。
45． Are you having a great time learning English We hope so! But if at first you don't succeed, (give) yourself a second chance!
【答案】give
【知识点】祈使句
【解析】【分析】句意：你学英语开心吗？希望如此！但如果一开始你没有成功，再给自己一次机会吧！ if at first you don't succeed是if引导的条件状语从句，主句用祈使句，祈使句省略主语，用动词原形开头，故填give。
【点评】考查祈使句，本题涉及条件状语和祈使句的应用。
46． Mr. Jones told me that when he was young, he (work) in this field for several years, which led to his later success.
【答案】worked
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：琼斯先生告诉我，他年轻时在这一领域工作了好几年，这给他带来了后来的成功。根据时间状语"when he was young"可知陈述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时，故填worked。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
47． As a result of the earthquake, many people (leave) homeless.
【答案】were left
【知识点】动词的语态；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：由于地震，许多人无家可归。leave sb+adj表示"使某人处于一种……样的状态"，many people与leave之间是被动关系，语境表明地震发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，且谓语动词用复数，故填were left。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及一般过去时的被动语态。
48． The crazy fans (wait) patiently for two hours, and they will wait till the movie star arrives.
【答案】have been waiting
【知识点】现在完成进行时
【解析】【分析】考查时态。句意：疯狂的影迷们已经耐心地等了两个小时，他们要一直等到电影明星的到来。根据句中时间状语for two hours和后句and they will wait till the movie star arrives.可知，影迷们已经等了两个小时，现在还在等并且未来还继续等下去，所以用现在完成进行时。故填have been waiting。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在完成时。
49．It (not be) long before that young man meets me again.
【答案】won't be
【知识点】一般将来时；固定句式
【解析】【分析】句意：用不了多久，那个年轻人就会再次见到我。此处是固定句式It won't be long before...“不久就......”。故填 won't be。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般将来时以及固定句式It won't be long before...。
50． They said the work (finish) in ten days.
【答案】would be finished
【知识点】动词的语态；过去将来时
【解析】【分析】句意：他们说该工作将在10天后完成。由in ten days可知宾语从句陈述的事情发生在将来，再结合主句为一般过去时，故从句应使用过去将来时，又主语work和finish之间是被动关系，应用过去将来时的被动语态。故填would be finished。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及过去将来时的被动语态。
51． I (walk) along a busy road when I noticed a young man selling toys and then I stopped to buy one.
【答案】was walking
【知识点】过去进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：我正沿着忙碌的街道走着，这时候我注意到一个年轻人正在卖玩具，后来我停下来买了一个。be doing sth. when..固定句式，"正在做某事，这时候……"，表示一个动作正在进行时，突然出现了另一个动作，主句用过去进行时，故填was walking。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及过去进行时。
52． At last, my brother was admitted into an international company offering a tempting salary and (go) to work with great joy.
【答案】went
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：最后，我的哥哥被一家薪水诱人的国际公司录取，他带着极大的喜悦开始了工作。分析句子结构，该句为and引导的并列句，此空应与and前动词"was admitted"相对应，因此用一般过去时，主语my brother与go为主动关系，故填went。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
53． When travelling, I think taking all the possible factors into consideration (benefit) the travelers a lot.
【答案】can benefit
【知识点】情态动词的基本用法
【解析】【分析】句意：在旅行的时候，我认为把所有可能的因素都考虑进去能使旅行者受益匪浅。动词think 后接宾语从句，从句缺乏谓语，由句意可知，此处表"能、会"，用情态动词can +动词原形。故填can benefit。
【点评】考查情态动词，本题涉及can的应用。
54． So far, much (do) to meet the reasonable demands of patients for health care and improve the overall development of hospitals
【答案】has been done
【知识点】动词的语态；现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：到目前为止，为了满足患者对医疗保健的合理需求，提高医院的整体发展，已经做了很多工作。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语so far可知，句子时态为现在完成时，主语much和谓语动词do构成被动关系且为第三人称单数，故填has been done。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及现在完成时的被动语态。
55． In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones (not invent) yet.
【答案】hadn't been invited
【知识点】动词的语态；过去完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：在20世纪50年代的美国，大多数家庭只有一部电话，无线电话还没有被发明出来。根据yet可知，时态用过完成时。主语wireless phones和动词invent构成被动语态。故填 hadn't been invented。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及过去完成时的被动语态。
56． In two days, it will be Christmas. Children all over the country (look) forward to this day for weeks.
【答案】have been looking
【知识点】现在完成进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：再过两天，就是圣诞节了。全国的孩子们都盼望着这一天好几个星期了。此处缺乏谓语动词，由句意和时间状语 for weeks可知，look forward to"期盼"这个动作是从过去发生一直延续到了现在，且此动作还要持续下去，应用现在完成进行时，主语Children all over the country是复数，谓语用复数形式。故填have been looking。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在完成时。
57． Look, the new bridge (build) over there! It will be open to traffic soon.
【答案】is being built
【知识点】动词的语态；现在进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：看，那边正在修新桥!很快就可以通车了。根据"It will be open to traffic soon."可知，新桥还未建成，根据"Look"可知，新桥正在修建中，所以句子用现在进行时。主语bridge和动词build之间构成被动关系。故填is being built。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及现在进行时的被动语态。
58． If city noises (not keep) from increasing, people will have to shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now.
【答案】are not kept
【知识点】动词的语态；一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意：如果不阻止城市噪音的增加，人们将不得不在20年后的餐桌上大声疾呼才能被听到。此处处是条件状语从句的谓语动词，主句为一般将来时，根据"主将从现"原则，可知此处应用一般现在时表将来，又主语noises和keep之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词用are。故填are not kept。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及一般现在时的被动语态。
Section B，Direction: Fill in the blanks with proper phrases in the box. Each phrase can only be used once. Change the form where necessary. Note that there is one phrase more than you need.
be related to without doubt dream of be torn between turn out hold . . . back set foot on have a say tear one's eyes away from
59．He always being admitted into a famous university.
60．When many tourists the old town again, they are at a loss why it is not as charming as it used to be.
61．At the beginning of this term, our class teacher told us that we in how to organize all the class activities.
62．According to the doctor, the police were looking for the clues and medicines that could the death of the person who met with the accident.
63．Students should be encouraged to take part in all kinds of social activities, , which will lay a solid foundation for their success in the future career.
64．After repeated experiments, your idea finally to be right.
65．Before the coronavirus outbreak, I going abroad for further study and hunting for a job.
66．The toys on the shelves were so smart that the children could not them.
【答案】59．dreams；of
60．set foot on
61．had a say
62．be related to
63．without double
64．turned out
65．was torn between
66．tear their eyes away from
【知识点】完成句子
【解析】【分析】be related to动词短语，"与.....有关"；without doubt 介词短语，"毫无疑问"；dream of 动词短语，"梦想"；be torn between动词短语，"左右为难" ；turn out动词短语，"证明是，结果是"；hold . . . back 动词短语，"阻止"；set foot on 动词短语，"踏上"；have a say 动词短语，"有发言权"；tear one's eyes away from动词短语，"把眼睛从.....移开"。
【点评】考查选词填空，要求考生在理解句义的基础上，根据方框内所给的短语，结合相关的语法知识，做出正确答案。
59．句意：他一直梦想着被一所著名的大学录取。根据动名词being可知，第二空应用介词，根据"being admitted into-a famous university"可知，这是他的梦想。结合always可知，此处用一般现在时。故填dreams ；of。
60．句意：当许多游客再次踏上这座古城时，他们不明白为什么它不像过去那样迷人了。根据"they are at a loss"可知，句子时态为一般现在时。根据宾语the old town，应是"踏上这座古城"，故填set foot on。
61．句意：在这个学期开始的时候，我们的班主任告诉我们，我们在如何组织所有的班级活动上有发言权。根据主句时态为一般过去时可知，宾语从句中也应该使用一般过去时。根据宾语"how to organize all the class activities"可知，此处是指学生在班级活动的组织上有发言权。故填had a say。
62．句意：据医生说，警方正在寻找可能与事故受害者死亡有关的线索和药物。在定语从句中，主语that代指先行词the clues and medicines，宾语为the death of the person，这两者是的关系为"相关"，故填be related to。
63．句意：应该鼓励学生参加各种社会活动，毫无疑问，这将为他们在未来的职业生涯的成功奠定坚实的基础。"学生参加各种社会活动"将为他们在未来的职业生涯的成功奠定坚实的基础是毫无疑问的，故填without doubt。
64．句意：经过反复实验，你的想法最终证明是正确的。根据finally和"After repeated experiments"可知，事情是发生在过去，所以用一般过去时。根据"After repeated experiments"可知，是经过了多次试验之后，想法得到了证明。故填turned out。
65．句意：在冠状病毒爆发之前，我在出国深造和找工作之间左右为难。根据"Before the coronavirus outbreak"可知，句子用一般过去时。在冠状病毒爆发之前，出国深造和找工作都可以，所以"我"会左右为难。故填was torn between。
66．句意：架子上的玩具太漂亮了，孩子们的眼睛都离不开它们。根据架子上的玩具太漂亮可知，孩子们无法从玩具身上移开他们的眼睛。情态动词后接动词原形。故填tear their eyes away from。
四、Translation，Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
67． 阻止环境污染是我们的职责。(prevent)
【答案】It is our duty to prevent the environment from being polluted.
【知识点】一般现在时；汉译英；it的用法；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】由句意可知，本句描述一个客观的事实，用一般现在时，本句可用It作形式主语，be动词是is，表语是our duty，真正的主语是动词不定式短语，即to prevent environmental pollution，放在句末，避免头重脚轻；再根据其他汉语提示，故答案为It is our duty to prevent environmental pollution。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时，it作形式主语时态和动词不定式作真正的主语。
68． 出门前确保带好口罩。(make sure)
【答案】Make sure you bring a mask with you when you go out.
【知识点】固定短语；一般现在时；时间状语从句；祈使句
【解析】【分析】表示"确保"应用动词短语make sure；表示"戴好"应用动词wear，表示"在出门前"应用before going out；before为介词，故后面的非谓语动词应用动名词的形式。结合句意，此句应为祈使句。故答案为Make sure to wear a mask before going out.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及祈使句，宾语从句，时间状语从句以及固定短语make sure。
69． 国外回来，家乡的巨大变化让他非常惊讶。(amaze)
【答案】He was amazed at the great changes that had taken place in his hometown after he returned from the foreign country.
【知识点】一般过去时；过去完成时；关系代词引导定语从句的用法；时间状语从句
【解析】【分析】be amazed at"对……感到惊讶"，" 家乡的巨大变化 "，应用定语从句，译为： the great changes that had taken place in his hometown ，先行词the great changes在主句中作at的宾语；"国外回来"应用after引导的时间状语从句，谓语动词return应用一般过去时，故答案为He was amazed at the great changes that had taken place in his hometown after he returned from the foreign country.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般过去时，过去完成时，定语从句，时间状语从句。
70． 如果你走在英国的乡村，沿路你时不时会发现成堆的石头。(likely)
【答案】If you walk in the English countryside, you will find piles of stones along the road from time to time.
【知识点】固定短语；一般现在时；一般将来时；条件状语从句
【解析】【分析】由句意可知，本句可由if引导条件状语从句，主句一般将来时，从句一般现在时，固定搭配from time to time（有时），piles of（成堆的），从句主语you ，从句谓语walk ，主句主语you，主句谓语will find ，主句宾语piles of stones；再根据其他汉语提示，故答案为：If you walk in the English countryside, you will find piles of stones along the road from time to time。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及条件状语从句、一般现在时，一般将来时以及固定短语from time to time。
71． 当我第一次来到杭州的时候，我被西湖的美和这个城市的许多旅游景点所吸引。(the first time)
【答案】The first time l came to Hangzhou ，I was attracted by the beauty of the West Lake and many tourist attractions of this city.
【知识点】动词的语态；固定短语；一般过去时；时间状语从句
【解析】【分析】由句意可知，事情已发生，时态用一般过去时，可由the first time引导时间状语从句，表示"第一次……"，固定搭配be attracted by sth."被某物吸引"， the beauty of the West Lake"西湖的美"，tourist attractions"旅游景点"；再根据其他汉语提示，故答案为：The first time I came to Hangzhou, I was attracted by the beauty of the West Lake and many tourist attractions in the city。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及时间状语从句、一般过去时的被动语态和固定搭配be attracted by sth。
72． 这个年轻的运动员如此有决心要打破世界纪录最终尽管有许多困难，还是赢得了金牌。(determine)
【答案】The young athlete was so determined to break the world record that he finally won the gold medal. ,although there were many difficulties.
【知识点】固定短语；一般过去时；让步状语从句；结果状语从句
【解析】【分析】由句意可知，事情已发生，时态用一般过去时；可由so...that...引导结果状语从句，固定搭配be determined to do sth."决心做某事"，in spite of （尽管），主句主语The young athlete ，主句系动词was ，主句表语determined，从句主语 he，从句谓语won，从句宾语the gold medal；再根据其他汉语提示，故答案为：The young athlete was so determined to break the world record that he won the gold medal in spite of many difficulties。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般过去时，结果状语从句，让步状语从句和固定搭配be determined to do sth.。
五、Guided Writing
73． Directions: Write an English letter in 80-100 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
长城是中国的骄傲，体现了我国古代劳动人民的勤劳与智慧，见证了我国光辉的历史。但近期有人发现游客在长城上刻名字或涂鸦。以一名中国学生的身份写一封信，倡导游客们爱护长城，保护历史古迹。
【答案】略
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以一名中国学生的身份写一封信，倡导游客们爱护长城，保护历史古迹。写作背景：长城是中国的骄傲，体现了我国古代劳动人民的勤劳与智慧，见证了我国光辉的历史。但近期有人发现游客在长城上刻名字或涂鸦。考生需要根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），并进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。最后连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点评】本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
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