北京市丰台区2023-2024学年高二上学期期中联考英语试题B卷
一、第一部分 知识运用，第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）
（2023高二上·丰台期中） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Katie Whetsell was interested in musicals and Disney movies from an early age. When her mother, Karen, was diagnosed (诊断) with cancer, the family made a 1． to go to Disney World, which had been a long-time dream vacation for Karen. They 2． and headed to Disney World for a trip that none of them would ever 3． . Katie would remember forever the moment that 4． her life on that trip. After a long day at the parks, the Whetsells decided to 5． one of Disney World's many nightly light shows. While watching, a performer 6． Karen and rested her hand on Karen's shoulder. They exchanged smiles and, to this day, Katie remembers how 7． her mom looked. The whole family was 8． and moved to tears.
This was the day when Katie decided she wanted to 9． for Disney as a performer. Katie began to follow her dream after she received her 10． in musical theater from Otterbein University. Her hard work finally 11． when she got a job on Disney Cruise Line (邮轮) in 2009, and later as a 12． in Disney on Classic (迪士尼音乐会) in Tokyo.
Katie has a strong message for everyone, 13． people who may be experiencing a hard time. "Just like in your favorite Disney movie," she says, "there is always some kind of 14． or pressure. But remember to 15． those moments, too, because they are taking you to your happy ending. "
1．A． comment B． summary C． presentation D． decision
2．A． gave in B． settled down
C． packed up D． took over
3．A． benefit B． forget C． finish D． dislike
4．A． saved B． balanced C． shortened D． changed
5．A． request B． admire C． introduce D． organize
6．A． approached B． defended C． persuaded D． affected
7．A． respectful B． peaceful C． cheerful D． powerful
8．A． touched B． ashamed C． distracted D． anxious
9．A． care B． search C． work D． stand
10．A． degree B． job C． blessing D． reward
11．A． broke out B． paid off
C． showed up D． came around
12．A． director B． writer C． journalist D． performer
13．A． exactly B． actually C． especially D． gradually
14．A． violence B． hardship C． loneliness D． doubt
15．A． celebrate B． recognize C． spend D． select
二、第一部分 知识运用，第二节语法填空 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分)
（2023高二上·丰台期中） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Parrots usually live in large groups and they like to eat fruit. They 16． (find) in countries like Brazil, Australia and India. There are different kinds of parrots, but they all have strong beaks and feet, 17． they use for climbing and holding food. The biggest parrots can live for up to 80 years. They are 18． (noise), but they are clever birds and it is easy to teach them to talk. Some zoos have parrot shows, where you can see birds doing things they have learned.
（2023高二上·丰台期中） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
19． （keep）a learning diary is a possible way to learn independently. Your learning diaries could record your progress—your teacher's marks, the areas you covered, the points you did not understand, the problems you faced, and the means you used 20． (overcome) them. If you keep such a diary, you will undoubtedly become much more aware of your own learning 21． (difficulty), and will be more likely to solve them. Besides, you can benefit by writing about your expectations for a course, and reporting on the outcomes of it.
（2023高二上·丰台期中） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Before Mr. Jenkins taught me, science 22． (be) a subject full of strange words to me. I had no idea 23． hydrogen was, and I didn't really want to know, either! But Mr. Jenkins made everything interesting. He used to explain things which seemed difficult 24． lots of practical examples and in simple language. One day, he took us outside, and we 25． (build) a rocket! I remember that he let me pour some fuel into the rocket, and then another student lit a match to set it off. It was great fun.
三、第二部分 阅读理解，第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
（2023高二上·丰台期中） 阅读理解
Explore your world—Mirthy
Online events to help you discover, learn and connect
Who is Mirthy
Mirthy is one of the most popular websites for online events and already loved and trusted by more than 45,000 people. It was designed to create an inclusive community where people can learn, share, and connect with others through a variety of events that are active, sociable, and uplifting. It's all about fulfilment and wellbeing.
There are some online events each month to try, from craft workshops (手工工坊) to fitness sessions. For example, according to our event calendar, this week you can attend gardening classes and singing lessons. So whether you have a desire to get fitter or to pick up a new skill—signing up for classes and events with Mirthy could be just what you have been looking for.
How does it work
Sign up via the online registration form at Mirthy. com. Then you can take a look through the calendar of upcoming events and see what takes your fancy.
Once you register for an event, you will then receive a link on email ready for you to join the live event. If your plans change and you can't make it, you will receive a link for a 7-day replay that you can watch at a time that is convenient for you!
Best of all, it's completely FREE to join!
Join Mirthy for free today, and you can enjoy any 4 events every month, for free! If you're up for more, then you can either select and book additional events on a pay-as-you-go basis, normally for 2. 99 each, or you can upgrade to the Premium membership giving you full free access to all events for only 4. 99 per month.
If you choose to go for the Premium membership, there's no contract. You simply upgrade your membership and you can cancel anytime.
26．Mirthy is intended to____.
A．improve people's fitness B．organize sociable events
C．provide craft workshops D．create an online community
27．What can people do at Mirthy this week
A．Make art crafts.
B．Talk about fitness experience.
C．Learn songs.
D．Study wild plants and animals.
28．Which of the following is true about Mirthy
A．People can sign up for the events online.
B．The events can be watched again at any time.
C．People can upgrade their membership for free.
D．No more than 4 events are offered each month.
29．What's the main purpose of this passage
A．To share a lifestyle.
B．To recommend a website.
C．To introduce online events.
D．To explain a registration process.
（2023高二上·丰台期中） 阅读理解
The Well that Changed the World
As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy, Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn't get enough clean water. He looked across the classroom at the drinking fountain. It was very close—only ten steps away. So, Ryan asked himself, "Why do some African children have to walk ten kilometers to get water every day And why is the water so dirty that it makes them sick " Young Ryan thought, "Life is easy for me, but hard for those people. Why don't I help "
At first, his plan was to earn money to build a single well somewhere in Africa. He cleaned windows and did gardening for his family and neighbors. He soon reached his first target (目标) of $70, but when he gave the money to a charity, he was told that it actually cost $2,000 to build a well.
Two thousand dollars was a lot of money, but Ryan didn't give up. He started to ask for help from his classmates and neighbors and persuaded them to donate money. At the same time, a friend of Ryan's mother helped make his story go public. After several months, Ryan had raised the $2,000, with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. The children at the school no longer needed to walk for hours to get water. They were grateful to him and invited him to visit.
In Uganda, Ryan at last saw the finished well with his own eyes. But that was not all. He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to welcome him. They sang and danced happily. Some even offered him food and gifts. At first Ryan was nervous, but soon great warmth filled him. He really had made a difference for these children. He broke into a joyful smile.
Later, Ryan's experience led him to set up a foundation (基金会) to encourage more people to help. Many inspired people gave him their support. Ryan's foundation continues to attract support from more and more people, so the work of building more wells can go on. Today, over 800,000 people in 16 countries across Africa have benefited from the life-changing gift of clean, safe water.
30．The following statements make Ryan decide to help students in developing African countries, EXCEPT____.
A．Ryan has troubles understanding the words spoken by teachers.
B．Many students are suffering from sickness caused by dirty water.
C．Ryan thought life shouldn't be so hard for them while his is easy.
D．Many students have to walk a long way to get clean and safe water.
31．How did Ryan raise money to build a well after finishing his first target
A．By asking his teacher and friends' parents for help.
B．By persuading people around him to donate money.
C．By setting up a public foundation to attract support.
D．By doing some work for his family and neighbors.
32．Which of the following words can best describe Ryan
A．Kind-hearted and determined. B．Humorous and ambitious.
C．Brave and generous. D．Grateful and hardworking.
（2023高二上·丰台期中） 阅读理解
The bald eagle was once a dying species in the United States. This is because the bird wasn't always held with respect. At the National Book Festival, author Jack E. Davis detailed the bald eagle's "great conservation success story".
The bald eagle has faced extinction twice. The first occurred in the late 19th century. "It was then that a bald eagle seen was one to be shot," he said. He explained that the bird had been regarded as a dangerous animal, and considered a threat (威胁). But such threat tended to be overstated (夸大). Throughout the early 20th century, thousands of bald eagles were shot down. Things began to change for the bird in 1940, when the government passed its legal protection—the Bald Eagle Protection Act.
However, only five years later, the bird faced its second near extinction when DDT, an environmentally harmful insecticide (杀虫剂), was introduced at the end of World War Ⅱ. In 1963, the bald eagle hit its lowest number—totaling less than 500 nesting pairs across the U. S. "At that time, only about one-third of the nation's water was safe for swimming and fishing," Davis said. "That was eagle habitat, but also our habitat. " "We stepped up. " He mentioned that this situation led a nonprofit organization, Fish and Wildlife, to launch "hugely successful" eagle protection projects.
By 2007, the bald eagle was removed from the list as the species regained its health, reaching nearly 11,000 nesting pairs nationwide, and today's number is somewhere around 500,000.
For those looking to assist in the ongoing comeback of the bald eagle and other endangered animals, Davis said, almost every state has a center that accepts donations and welcomes visitors and volunteers.
33．What made the bald eagle almost extinct for the first time
A．The illegal hunting.
B．The loose control of guns.
C．The attack from other animals.
D．The misunderstanding of their threat.
34．What caused Fish and Wildlife to start eagle protection projects
A．The outbreak of World War II.
B．The overuse of DDT nationwide.
C．The disappearance of eagle habitat.
D．The worsening of eagles' living condition.
35．What's the main purpose of the passage
A．To tell a story of a dying species.
B．To advertise the book of JackE. Davis.
C．To raise the awareness of protecting wildlife.
D．To introduce the ways of protecting bald eagles.
（2023高二上·丰台期中） 阅读理解
Teens who have good, supportive relationships with their teachers enjoy better health as adults, according to a research.
"This research suggests that improving students' relationships with teachers could have important, positive and long-lasting effects beyond just academic success," said Jinho Kim, the author of the study. "It could also bring about important health benefits in the long run. "
Previous research has suggested that teens' social relationships might be linked to health outcomes in adulthood—perhaps because poor relationships can lead to chronic (长期的) stress which can raise a person's risk of health problems over the lifespan, according to Kim. However, it is not clear whether the link between teen relationships and lifetime health is certainly cause and effect—it could be that other factors, such as different family backgrounds, might contribute to both relationship problems in adolescence (青春期) and poor health in adulthood. Also, most research has focused on teens relationships with their peers, rather than on their relationships with teachers.
To explore those questions further, Kim analyzed data on nearly 20,000 participants from the Add Health study, a national study that followed participants for 13 years, from seventh grade into early adulthood. The participants included more than 3, 400 pairs of brothers and sisters. As teens, participants answered questions, such as, "How often have you had trouble getting along with other students " "How much do you agree that friends care about you " "How often have you had trouble getting along with your teachers " and "How much do you agree that teachers care about you " As adults, participants were asked about their physical and mental health. Researchers also took measures of physical health, such as blood pressure and BMI (体质指数).
Kim found that, as expected, participants who had reported better relationships with both their peers and teachers in middle school and high school also reported better physical and mental health in their mid-20s. However, when he controlled for family background by looking at pairs of brothers and sisters, only the link between good teacher relationships and adult health remained significant.
The results suggest that teacher relationships are even more important than previously realized and that schools should invest in training teachers on how to build warm and supportive relationships with their students, according to Kim.
36．According to paragraph 3, we can know that ____.
A．teen relationships with teachers were not studied before.
B．family background is the main factor in improving mental health.
C．teen relationship is not the only factor that affects the lifetime health.
D．relationship problems in adolescence can cause poor health in adulthood.
37．What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A．How the research was done.
B．What questions were explored.
C．How physical health was measured.
D．What kind of participants were studied.
38．According to Kim's findings, we can infer that ____.
A．Good adult health depends on teens' good peers and teachers.
B．More attention should be paid to students' relationships with teachers.
C．The importance of student-teacher relationships was fully realized before.
D．More teachers should be trained to build better relationship with each other.
39．Where does this text probably come from
A．A family survey. B．A medical report.
C．A term paper. D．A health magazine.
四、第三部分 书面表达，第一节选词填空（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
（2023高二上·丰台期中） 阅读句子，根据句意选择方框内合适的词组，用其恰当形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
associate with， drop out， a couple of， be to blame， be related to
40．Some types of cancer traffic pollution.
41．I've read Graham's books and seen him on TV.
42．I have a never-ending flow of messages and updates from all the people I online.
43．Many scientists say we are now entering the Earth's sixth mass extinction. Thistime, human activity will .
44．Jason Harley decided to of this kind of lifestyle, and he discovered that having only a little money made him free.
五、第三部分 书面表达，第二节（共4小题；第45-47题各2分，第48题6分，共12分）
（2023高二上·丰台期中） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。
Pranks (恶作剧) are a popular way of making fun of others and getting a laugh. While some experts point out possible negatives, pranking can also decrease stress, raise a smile, and strengthen relationships.
Prank Aliens, a best-selling book, tells a story about a boy named Max who is searching for the greatest prank of all time. His author Matt Stanton once said that pranking in the home can build strong relationships between parents and kids.
"Some of the best relationship-building moments I have with my own kids are when I enter into their space," Stanton said. "An adult joining in their games can be surprising for kids and bring wonderful moments of joy. It's a great way to demonstrate to our kids that we can laugh at ourselves and still feel loved and safe," he added.
But playing tricks can come with unintended consequences (后果), said psychiatrist Mark Cross. Pranks that are intended to harm or embarrass can anger the target and even ruin a relationship. However, Cross also added, "Pranking can be good when the outcome is laughter for everyone, including the pranked person. It can be a great release of stress. When you laugh, you breathe deeper, which helps ease anxiety. "
So why not try some pranks Wrapping vegetables and shoes up as presents for kids on their birthdays always gets a great reaction. Putting plastic spiders in guests' drinks or placing a whoopee cushion on an unsuspecting person's chair is sure to cause a belly laugh. All these might just be good for you and everyone involved.
45．What are the benefits of pranking (不多于10个词)
46．What are the best moments for Stanton to build relationship with his children (不多于7个词)
47．When can pranks anger the target or even ruin a relationship (不多于10个词)
48．In addition to pranking, what other ways can you use to strengthen
relationships with family members (40词左右)
六、第三部分 书面表达，第三节书面表达（20分）
49．（2023高二上·丰台期中） 假设你是高二（1）班学生李华，英语课上，老师请你们以"My Dream Job"为题，简要介绍自己理想的职业. 请你按照以下要点准备发言稿：
What job do you want to do
Why do you want to do the job
What qualities should you have for the job
How should you prepare yourself for the job
注意： 1. 发言稿的开头和结尾已为你写好；2. 词数不少于60。
My Dream Job
Good afternoon, everyone.
Thank you!
答案解析部分
【答案】1．D；2．C；3．B；4．D；5．B；6．A；7．C；8．A；9．C；10．A；11．B；12．D；13．C；14．B；15．A
【知识点】日常生活类；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了凯蒂当迪斯尼演员的故事。
【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。做完后再通读一遍检查验证。
1．句意：当她的母亲凯伦被诊断出患有癌症(诊)时，全家决定去迪斯尼世界，这是凯伦长期以来的梦想假期。根据句意"全家……去迪斯尼世界，这是凯伦长期以来的梦想假期。"以及固定搭配：make a decision to do决定 去做某事；可知作者一家决定去迪斯尼世界；A： comment评论；B： summary总结；C： presentation展示；D： decision 决定；故答案为D。
2．句意：他们收拾好行装，前往迪士尼世界进行了一次他们都不会忘记的旅行。根据句意"前往迪士尼世界进行了一次他们……旅行" 可知他们出发前要收拾好行李，打包好再出发； A： gave in入住；B： settled down安顿下来；C： packed up打包；D： took over 接管；故答案为C。
3．句意：他们收拾好行装，前往迪士尼世界进行了一次他们都不会忘记的旅行。根据下文 Katie would remember forever the moment凯蒂将永远记住那一刻。 可知这次旅行让他们难忘； A： benefit受益；B： forget忘记；C： finish完成；D： dislike不喜欢；故答案为B。
4．句意：凯蒂将永远记住那次旅行中改变她一生的那一刻。根据下文第九空This was the day when Katie decided she wanted to 9
for Disney as a performer. 就在那天，凯蒂决定去迪士尼……演员。可知这一刻改变了她的人生目标：她打算当一名迪斯尼演员；A： saved保存；B： balanced平衡；C： shortened缩短；D： changed改变 ；故答案为D。
5．句意：在公园度过了漫长的一天后，惠特塞尔一家决定欣赏迪士尼世界众多夜间灯光秀中的一场。根据句意"惠特塞尔一家决定……迪士尼世界众多夜间灯光秀中的一场" 可知凯蒂一家来迪斯尼世界一天后打算欣赏一场夜间灯光秀； A： request请求；B： admire欣赏；C： introduce介绍；D： organize组织 ；故答案为B。
6．句意：在观看的过程中，一位表演者走近凯伦，把手放在她的肩膀上。根据句意"把手放在她的肩膀上" 可知这位迪斯尼演员走进凯蒂的妈妈； A： approached走近；B： defended防御；C： persuaded说服；D： affected 影响；故答案为A。
7．句意：她们互相微笑，直到今天，凯蒂还记得妈妈是多么高兴。根据上文句意"在观看的过程中，一位表演者走近凯伦，把手放在她的肩膀上"和"她们互相微笑，直到今天，凯蒂还记得妈妈是……。" 可知她妈妈当时很开心； A： respectful恭敬的；B： peaceful平和的；C： cheerful欢快的，高兴的；D： powerful 有力的；故答案为C。
8．句意：全家人都感动得流下了眼泪。根据上文句意"在观看的过程中，一位表演者走近凯伦，把手放在她的肩膀上。她们互相微笑，直到今天，凯蒂还记得妈妈是多么高兴。"凯蒂妈妈是癌症患者她在这里感受到了表演者对自己的关爱， 可知这事让一家人很感动； A：touched感动；B：ashamed羞愧；C： distracted心烦意乱；D： anxious 焦虑；故答案为A。
9．句意：就在那天，凯蒂决定去迪士尼当演员。根据上文凯蒂看到迪斯尼演员的举动带来了母亲开心的笑容，让她看到了做迪斯尼演员的意义， 可知她决定也从事这样的工作：当一名迪斯尼演员； A： care关心；B： search搜索；C： work工作；D： stand站立 ；故答案为C。
10．句意：凯蒂在奥特拜因大学获得音乐剧学位后开始追寻她的梦想。根据上完大学会获得相应的学位和文凭， 可知作者奥特拜因大学毕业时也获得了学位； A： degree学位；B： job工作；C： blessing祝福；D： reward奖励，回报 ；故答案为A。
11．句意：她的努力终于得到了回报，2009年她在迪士尼邮轮公司找到了一份工作，后来在东京的迪士尼音乐会中担任演员。根据句意"2009年她在迪士尼邮轮公司找到了一份工作" 可知凯蒂想当一名迪斯尼演员的目标实现了，她成功了 A： broke out 爆发；B： paid off付清；取得成功；C： showed up出现；D： came around 好转；故答案为B。
12．句意：她的努力终于得到了回报，2009年她在迪士尼邮轮公司找到了一份工作，后来在东京的迪士尼音乐会中担任演员。根据上文句意"就在那天，凯蒂决定去迪士尼当演员。" 可知她后来在东京终于当上了一名迪斯尼演员； A： director导演；B： writer作家；C： journalist记者；D： performer 表演者；故答案为D。
13．句意：凯蒂对每个人都有一个强烈的回应信息，尤其是那些可能正在经历困难时期的人。根据上文凯蒂走上现在的职业道路就是因为当初生病的母亲被关爱， 可知她也是特别关爱那些有困难的人； A： exactly正是如此；B： actually实际上；C： especially特别地；D： gradually逐渐地 ；故答案为C。
14．句意："就像你最喜欢的迪士尼电影一样，"她说，"总会有一些困难或压力。"根据上文句意"凯蒂对每个人都有一个强烈的回应信息，尤其是那些可能正在经历困难时期的人。" 可知她在鼓励那些有困难的游客； A： violence暴力；B： hardship艰难；C： loneliness孤独；D： doubt 怀疑；故答案为B。
15．句意：但也要记住庆祝这些时刻，因为它们会带你走向幸福的结局。根据上文在迪斯尼看表演这是快乐的时刻， 可知我们应该庆祝这美好而快乐的时刻； A： celebrate庆祝；B： recognize组织；C： spend度过，花（时间）；D： select 选择，挑选；故答案为A。
【答案】16．are found；17．which；18．noisy
【知识点】说明文；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】这是一段说明文。介绍了鹦鹉。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，短语，形容词的比较级，定语从句副词，非谓语动词，等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
16．句意：它们分布在巴西、澳大利亚和印度等国。根据主语They（Parrots）与谓语动词find之间是被动关心，再根据上下文时态一致，上文 live是一般现在时； 可知空白处需要动词find 的一般现在时的被动语态 are found ；故答案为are found。
17．句意：鹦鹉有不同的种类，但它们都有强壮的喙和脚，它们用这些来攀爬和抓食物。根据句子结构空白处需要关系代词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为 beaks and feet， 可知空白处需要关系代词 which ；故答案为which。
18．句意：它们很吵，但它们是聪明的鸟，教它们说话很容易。根据句子结构空白处需要表语来描述鹦鹉的特点，再根据句意"它们很吵"可知空白处需要名词noise 的形容词形式 noisy ；故答案为noisy。
【答案】19．Keeping；20．to overcome；21．difficulties
【知识点】说明文；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】这是一段说明文。介绍了写学习日记是独立学习的一种可能方法。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，短语，形容词的比较级，定语从句副词，非谓语动词，等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
19．句意：写学习日记是独立学习的一种可能方法。根据句子结构空白处需要非谓语作主语，再根据句意"写学习日记是独立学习的一种可能方法。" 可知这是一个科学方法，空白处需要动词keep 的动名词形式Keeping 表示科学，习惯 ；故答案为Keeping。
20．句意：你的学习日记可以记录你的进步——你老师给的分数，你涵盖的领域，你不理解的要点，你遇到的问题，以及你用来克服它们的方法。根据句子结构空白处需要非谓语作名词的 the means定语，名词方法：means，way等常接不定式作定语，可知空白处需要动词overcome 的不定式 to overcome ；故答案为to overcome。
21．句意：如果你坚持写这样的日记，你无疑会更加意识到自己的学习困难，并且更有可能解决它们。此外，你可以通过写下你对一门课程的期望，并报告它的结果而受益。根据下文will be more likely to solve them更有可能解决它们。 可知这里的困难指的是各种困难；空白处需要名词difficulty 的复数形式 difficulties ；故答案为difficulties。
【答案】22．had been；23．what；24．with；25．built
【知识点】故事阅读类；学习教育类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】这是一段记叙文。讲述了詹金斯老师让我爱上理科，科学。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，短语，形容词的比较级，定语从句副词，非谓语动词，等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
22．句意：在詹金斯先生教我之前，科学对我来说是一门充满陌生词汇的学科。根据事件状语从句Before Mr. Jenkins taught me, 常跟过去完成时（表达过去的过去），可知空白处需要动词be 的过去完成时 had been ；故答案为had been。
23．句意：我不知道氢是什么，我也不想知道！ 根据句子结构空白处需要同位语从句的引导词，再根据句子 hydrogen was缺少表语，可知空白处需要疑问词what 引导no idea的同位语从句；故答案为what。
24．句意：他过去常常用许多实际的例子和简单的语言来解释那些看起来很难的事情。根据 and 前后一致，空白处需要介词表示"用，借助" 可知空白处需要介词 with ；故答案为with。
25．句意：有一天，他带我们出去，我们造了一个火箭！根据句子结构空白处需要谓语动词，再根据上下文时态一致，上文 took 是一般过去时，可知空白处需要动词build 的一般过去时 built；故答案为built。
【答案】26．D
27．C
28．A
29．B
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类；说明文；社会文化类；学习教育类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】这是一篇广告。介绍了一个受欢迎的网站：Mirthy。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及细节理解题和目的意图题。解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断；解答目的意图题时需要根据文章的内容，结构和选项来判断出正确答案。
26．细节理解题。根据It was designed to create an inclusive community where people can learn, share, and connect with others through a variety of events that are active, sociable, and uplifting.它旨在创造一个包容性的社区，人们可以通过各种活跃、社交和令人振奋的活动来学习、分享和与他人联系。可知它的目的在于创建一个网络社区；故答案为D。
27．细节理解题。根据For example, according to our event calendar, this week you can attend gardening classes and singing
lessons.例如，根据我们的活动日程，这周你可以参加园艺课和歌唱课。可知人们可以学唱歌；故答案为 C。
28．细节理解题。根据So whether you have a desire to get fitter or to pick up a new skill—signing up for classes and events with
Mirthy could be just what you have been looking for. 因此，无论你是想变得更健康，还是想学习一项新技能，用米尔蒂网站报名参加课程和活动可能正是你一直在寻找的。可知 人们可以在线报名参加这些活动；故答案为A。
29．目的意图题。根据标题Explore your world—Mirthy探索你的世界-米尔蒂Online events to help you discover, learn and connect在线活动，帮助您发现，学习和联系，以及第一段Mirthy is one of the most popular websites for online events and already loved and trusted by more than 45,000 people. It was designed to create an inclusive community where people can learn, share, and connect with others through a variety of events that are active, sociable, and uplifting. It's all about fulfilment and wellbeing.Mirthy是最受欢迎的在线活动网站之一，已经受到超过45,000人的喜爱和信任。它旨在创造一个包容性的社区，人们可以通过各种活跃、社交和令人振奋的活动来学习、分享和与他人联系。一切都是关于满足和幸福。可知本文主要推荐一个网站 ；故答案为 B。
【答案】30．A
31．B
32．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了六岁加拿大男孩努力挣钱筹钱帮助乌干达小学打了一口井地故事。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断。
30．推理判断题。根据 As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy, Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn't get enough clean water. 作为一名六岁的加拿大学生，Ryan很难相信老师所说的非洲发展中国家的许多人无法获得足够的清洁水。可知瑞安理解老师说的话，只是他不相信非洲发展中国家的许多人无法获得足够的清洁水 ；故答案为A。
31．细节理解题。根据Two thousand dollars was a lot of money, but Ryan didn't give up. He started to ask for help from his classmates and neighbors and persuaded them to donate money. 2000美元是一大笔钱，但瑞恩没有放弃。他开始向同学和邻居寻求帮助，并说服他们捐款。可知通过说服身边的人捐款来完成目标 ；故答案为 B。
32．推理判断题，根据上文他挣钱筹钱帮助乌干达的一所小学打井， 可知他心地善良；再根据他再被告知70美元不够打一口井时他依然坚持做下去，可知他是一个意志坚定地孩子； 故答案为 A。
【答案】33．D
34．D
35．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；环境保护类；记叙文；文章大意
【解析】【分析】只是一篇记叙文。讲述了美国秃鹰成功被保护地例子，希望大家关注野生动物地保护。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题和目的意图题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断；解答目的意图题时需要根据文章的结构和选项来判断出正确答案。
33．推理判断题。根据 He explained that the bird had been regarded as a dangerous animal, and considered a threat (威胁). But such threat tended to be overstated (夸大).他解释说，这只鸟被认为是一种危险的动物，被认为是一种威胁。但是这种威胁往往被夸大了。可知人们误解了秃鹰对人类的威胁；故答案为 D。
34．细节理解题。根据 However, only five years later, the bird faced its second near extinction when DDT, an environmentally harmful insecticide (杀虫剂), was introduced at the end of World War Ⅱ. In 1963, the bald eagle hit its lowest number—totaling less than 500 nesting pairs across the U. S. "At that time, only about one-third of the nation's water was safe for swimming and fishing," Davis said. "That was eagle habitat, but also our habitat. " "We stepped up. " He mentioned that this situation led a nonprofit organization, Fish and Wildlife, to launch "hugely successful" eagle protection projects.然而，仅仅五年后，当DDT一种对环境有害的杀虫剂在第二次世界大战结束时被引入时，这种鸟面临着第二次濒临灭绝。1963年，秃鹰的数量达到最低点，在美国总共不到500对筑巢的秃鹰。戴维斯说:"当时，全国只有大约三分之一的水域适合游泳和钓鱼。"那是鹰的栖息地，也是我们的栖息地。"我们站出来了。"他提到，这种情况促使非营利组织"鱼类和野生动物"发起了"非常成功"的鹰保护项目。可知 鹰的生存状况日益恶化；故答案为D。
35．目的意图题。根据文章地结构：总分总，第一段为中心段落The bald eagle was once a dying species in the United States. This is because the bird wasn't always held with respect. At the National Book Festival, author Jack E. Davis detailed the bald eagle's "great conservation success story".秃鹰曾经是美国濒临灭绝的物种。这是因为鸟儿并不总是受到尊重。在美国国家图书节上，作家杰克·e·戴维斯详细介绍了秃鹰"伟大的保护成功故事"。可知这篇文章主要目的时提高人们保护野生动物的意识；故答案为 C。
【答案】36．C
37．A
38．B
39．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；新闻报道类；医疗保健类；应用文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇研究报告。讲述了与老师关系良好、相互支持的青少年成年后身体更健康。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题和主旨大意题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断；解答主旨大意题时需要根据文章的结构和选项来判断出正确答案。
36．推理判断题。根据Previous research has suggested that teens' social relationships might be linked to health outcomes in adulthood—perhaps because poor relationships can lead to chronic (长期的) stress which can raise a person's risk of health problems over the lifespan, according to Kim. However, it is not clear whether the link between teen relationships and lifetime health is certainly cause and effect—it could be that other factors, such as different family backgrounds, might contribute to both relationship problems in adolescence (青春期) and poor health in adulthood. Also, most research has focused on teens relationships with their peers, rather than on their relationships with teachers. Kim说，之前的研究表明，青少年的社会关系可能与成年后的健康状况有关，这可能是因为不良的人际关系会导致慢性压力，从而增加一个人一生中出现健康问题的风险。然而，目前还不清楚青少年恋爱和终身健康之间的联系是否一定是因果关系——可能是其他因素，比如不同的家庭背景，可能会导致青春期的恋爱问题和成年后的健康状况不佳。此外，大多数研究都集中在青少年与同龄人的关系上，而不是他们与老师的关系上。可知青少年关系并不是影响一生健康的唯一因素；故答案为 C。
37．主旨大意题。根据 To explore those questions further, Kim analyzed data on nearly 20,000 participants from the Add Health study, a national study that followed participants for 13 years, from seventh grade into early adulthood. The participants included more than 3, 400 pairs of brothers and sisters. As teens, participants answered questions, such as, "How often have you had trouble getting along with other students " "How much do you agree that friends care about you " "How often have you had trouble getting along with your teachers " and "How much do you agree that teachers care about you " As adults, participants were asked about their physical and mental health. Researchers also took measures of physical health, such as blood pressure and BMI (体质指数).为了进一步探索这些问题，Kim分析了来自Add Health研究的近2万名参与者的数据，这是一项全国性的研究，对参与者进行了13年的跟踪调查，从七年级到成年早期。参与者包括3400多对兄弟姐妹。作为青少年，参与者回答了一些问题，比如"你多久与其他学生相处一次 ""你在多大程度上认为朋友关心你 ""你多久和老师相处一次有困难 "以及"你认为老师在多大程度上关心你 "成年后，参与者被问及他们的身心健康状况。研究人员还测量了身体健康状况，如血压和体质指数。可知这一段主要讲研究是如何进行的；故答案为A。
38．细节理解题。根据Kim found that, as expected, participants who had reported better relationships with both their peers and
teachers in middle school and high school also reported better physical and mental health in their mid20s. However, when he controlled for family background by looking at pairs of brothers and sisters, only the link between good teacher relationships and adult health remained significant. Kim发现，正如预期的那样，那些在初中和高中与同龄人和老师关系都更好的参与者在25岁左右的时候也表现出了更好的身心健康。然而，当他通过观察兄弟姐妹来家庭背景时，只有良好的师生关系和成人健康之间的联系仍然显著。可知由Kim地发现我们知道应该更多地关注学生与老师的关系 ；故答案为 B。
39．推理判断题。根据文章地结构：总分，第一段为中心段落Teens who have good, supportive relationships with their teachers
enjoy better health as adults, according to a research. 一项研究表明，与老师关系良好、相互支持的青少年成年后身体更健康。再根据选项A：A family survey.一个家庭调查。B：A medical report.一个医学报告C：A term paper.一篇学期论文D：A health
magazine.一本健康杂志。可知这篇文章选自健康杂志；故答案为D。
【答案】40．are related to
41．a couple of
42．associate with
43．be to blame
44．drop out
【知识点】固定短语；一般现在时；一般将来时；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】associate with与……有联系，交往； drop out 退出，放弃； a couple of两个/几个； be to blame该受责备，应承担责任；be related to与……有关。
【点评】考查句子选词填空。注意句子的结构，时态，语态和句子的逻辑联系。
40．句意：某些类型的癌症与交通污染有关。根据句子结构空白处需要谓语动词，再根据主语Some types of cancer（癌症）与宾语traffic pollution（污染），可知他们之间有着关联，空白处需要地短语意思为"与……有关"be related to ，这是一项关于科学报道的内容，谓语要运用一般现在时are related to；故答案为are related to。
41．句意：我读过几本格雷厄姆的书，也在电视上看过他。根据句子结构空白处需要修饰名词的短语，在根据所给短语，其中只有a couple of可以直接限定名词， 可知空白处需要短语 a couple of两个/几个；故答案为a couple of。
42．句意：我有一个来自于所有我在网上联系的人的永无止境的信息流和更新。根据句子结构空白处需要定语从句的谓语，再根据句意"永无止境的信息流和更新"和"来自于所有我在网上……的人" 可知我们经常关注的是有交往的人的信息，所以空白处需要的意思为"交往，联系"再根据主从句时态一致主句谓语have 是一般现在时，可知空白处需要动词短语的一般现在时 associate with ；故答案为associate with。
43．句意：许多科学家说，我们正在进入地球的第六次大灭绝。这一次，人类活动将是罪魁祸首。根据句子结构空白处需要动词原形作谓语（will 引导的将来时），再根据句意"许多科学家说，我们正在进入地球的第六次大灭绝"以及"这一次，人类活动将……" 可知作者要告诉我们人类活动导致第六次大灭绝，人类活动应该为这样的后果负责，所以空白处需要的短语为be to blame 该受责备，应承担责任 ；故答案为be to blame。
44．句意：杰森·哈利决定放弃这种生活方式，而且他发现只有一点点钱就能让他自由。根据句子结构空白处需要动词原形作不定式to的成分，再根据句意"杰森·哈利决定……这种生活方式，而且他发现只有一点点钱就能让他自由" 可知他是想放弃这样的生活复数，空白处需要动词短语drop out 退出，放弃 ；故答案为drop out。
【答案】45．Decreasing stress, raising a smile, and strengthening relationships.
46．When he enters into their space.
47．When pranks are intended to harm or embarrass.
48．I can keep in touch with my family by calling them every day. Besides, travelling with my family during the leisure holidays can give me the opportunity to communicate with them. Finally, I can celebrate with my family on special occasions, which will be unforgettable.
或 We can use many methods to strengthen the relationship with our family members, such as making an appointment to eat, taking a walk, exercising, traveling, etc. These activities can help understand each other's ideas and current situation, and eliminate estrangement.
【知识点】读写任务；社会文化类；学习教育类；议论文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。论述了恶作剧也可以减轻压力，增加笑容，加强人际关系。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。
45．题意：恶作剧的好处是什么 根据第一段While some experts point out possible negatives,
pranking can also decrease stress, raise a smile, and strengthen relationships. 虽然一些专家指出了恶作剧可能带来的负面影响，但恶作剧也可以减轻压力，增加笑容，加强人际关系。 可知恶作剧的好处就是：减轻压力，增加笑容，加强人际关系 decrease stress, raise a smile, and strengthen
relationships；故答案为Decreasing stress, raising a smile, and strengthening relationships.。
46．句意：斯坦顿与孩子建立关系的最佳时刻是什么 根据第三段"Some of the best relationship-building moments I have with my own kids are when I enter into their space," Stanton said. 斯坦顿说:"我和自己的孩子建立关系的一些最好的时刻是当我进入他们的空间时。"可知斯坦顿与孩子建立关系的最佳时刻就是他进入他们的空间时When he enters into their space ；故答案为When he enters into their space.
47．题意：什么时候恶作剧会激怒目标甚至破坏一段关系 根据第四段 Pranks that are intended to harm or embarrass can anger the target and even ruin a relationship. 旨在伤害或尴尬的恶作剧可能会激怒目标，甚至破坏一段关系。 可知激怒目标甚至破坏一段关系的恶作剧就是：Pranks are intended to harm or embarrass ；故答案为When pranks are intended to harm or embarrass.
48．题意：除了恶作剧，你还可以用什么方法来加强与家庭成员的关系 根据题意我们知道这是一段开放作文，并要注意词数限制（40词左右） 可知我们可以用打电话的方式随时与家人联系，陪同家人一起吃饭，旅游，看电视/电影 ，庆祝一些重要日子；或者：我们可以用很多方式来加强我们与家人的关系，例如：散步，锻炼，旅游，聊天等，这些活动可以加深我们彼此的了解，消除不必要的误会或者隔阂 ；故答案为I can keep in touch with my family by calling them every day. Besides, travelling
with my family during the leisure holidays can give me the opportunity to communicate with them. Finally, I can celebrate with my family on special occasions, which will be unforgettable.或 We can use many methods to strengthen the relationship with our family members, such as making an appointment to eat, taking a walk, exercising, traveling, etc. These activities can help understand each other's ideas and current situation, and eliminate estrangement.
49．【答案】One possible version:
Good afternoon，everyone. When I grow up, I want to be a journalist. I think working for a newspaper and reporting news from all over the world would be really exciting. Journalists have to be very enthusiastic, independent and good at communicating with people．I know there's a long way to go to become a journalist. To get myself up to date with what's happening around the world, I read papers, and watch the news on TV. I am trying to improve my speaking and writing skills. And of course, absorbing as much knowledge as possible at this stage in my life is what I must do. I know dreams are hard to follow, but I will work hard on my dream. Thank you!
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文发言稿。要求考生以人李华 的身份写一篇以"My Dream Job"为题的发言稿。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文。写这篇文章时，要注意文中给出的细节都要包括，不要遗漏。这篇文章对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。本文的人称是第一人称；时态是一般现在时；文章可以分为共分三段：
第一段：引入，我想当一名……（What job do I want to do ）；
第二段：正文（Why do I want to do the job What qualities should Ihave for the job ）；
第三段：结尾（ How should Iprepare yourself for the job ）。
【点评】书面表达要求要点齐全，上下文连贯，并使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满 When I grow up, I want to be a journalist. （运用了时间状语从句），I know there's a long way to go to become a journalist. （运用了宾语从句），To get myself up to date with what's happening around the world, I read papers, and watch the news on TV.（运用了宾语从句和并列句），And of course, absorbing as much knowledge as possible at this stage in my life is what I must do. （运用了表语从句）同时能够运用一些高级词汇和固定短语 work for ，get myself up提高文章的档次，体现对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。
1 / 1北京市丰台区2023-2024学年高二上学期期中联考英语试题B卷
一、第一部分 知识运用，第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）
（2023高二上·丰台期中） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Katie Whetsell was interested in musicals and Disney movies from an early age. When her mother, Karen, was diagnosed (诊断) with cancer, the family made a 1． to go to Disney World, which had been a long-time dream vacation for Karen. They 2． and headed to Disney World for a trip that none of them would ever 3． . Katie would remember forever the moment that 4． her life on that trip. After a long day at the parks, the Whetsells decided to 5． one of Disney World's many nightly light shows. While watching, a performer 6． Karen and rested her hand on Karen's shoulder. They exchanged smiles and, to this day, Katie remembers how 7． her mom looked. The whole family was 8． and moved to tears.
This was the day when Katie decided she wanted to 9． for Disney as a performer. Katie began to follow her dream after she received her 10． in musical theater from Otterbein University. Her hard work finally 11． when she got a job on Disney Cruise Line (邮轮) in 2009, and later as a 12． in Disney on Classic (迪士尼音乐会) in Tokyo.
Katie has a strong message for everyone, 13． people who may be experiencing a hard time. "Just like in your favorite Disney movie," she says, "there is always some kind of 14． or pressure. But remember to 15． those moments, too, because they are taking you to your happy ending. "
1．A． comment B． summary C． presentation D． decision
2．A． gave in B． settled down
C． packed up D． took over
3．A． benefit B． forget C． finish D． dislike
4．A． saved B． balanced C． shortened D． changed
5．A． request B． admire C． introduce D． organize
6．A． approached B． defended C． persuaded D． affected
7．A． respectful B． peaceful C． cheerful D． powerful
8．A． touched B． ashamed C． distracted D． anxious
9．A． care B． search C． work D． stand
10．A． degree B． job C． blessing D． reward
11．A． broke out B． paid off
C． showed up D． came around
12．A． director B． writer C． journalist D． performer
13．A． exactly B． actually C． especially D． gradually
14．A． violence B． hardship C． loneliness D． doubt
15．A． celebrate B． recognize C． spend D． select
【答案】1．D；2．C；3．B；4．D；5．B；6．A；7．C；8．A；9．C；10．A；11．B；12．D；13．C；14．B；15．A
【知识点】日常生活类；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了凯蒂当迪斯尼演员的故事。
【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。做完后再通读一遍检查验证。
1．句意：当她的母亲凯伦被诊断出患有癌症(诊)时，全家决定去迪斯尼世界，这是凯伦长期以来的梦想假期。根据句意"全家……去迪斯尼世界，这是凯伦长期以来的梦想假期。"以及固定搭配：make a decision to do决定 去做某事；可知作者一家决定去迪斯尼世界；A： comment评论；B： summary总结；C： presentation展示；D： decision 决定；故答案为D。
2．句意：他们收拾好行装，前往迪士尼世界进行了一次他们都不会忘记的旅行。根据句意"前往迪士尼世界进行了一次他们……旅行" 可知他们出发前要收拾好行李，打包好再出发； A： gave in入住；B： settled down安顿下来；C： packed up打包；D： took over 接管；故答案为C。
3．句意：他们收拾好行装，前往迪士尼世界进行了一次他们都不会忘记的旅行。根据下文 Katie would remember forever the moment凯蒂将永远记住那一刻。 可知这次旅行让他们难忘； A： benefit受益；B： forget忘记；C： finish完成；D： dislike不喜欢；故答案为B。
4．句意：凯蒂将永远记住那次旅行中改变她一生的那一刻。根据下文第九空This was the day when Katie decided she wanted to 9
for Disney as a performer. 就在那天，凯蒂决定去迪士尼……演员。可知这一刻改变了她的人生目标：她打算当一名迪斯尼演员；A： saved保存；B： balanced平衡；C： shortened缩短；D： changed改变 ；故答案为D。
5．句意：在公园度过了漫长的一天后，惠特塞尔一家决定欣赏迪士尼世界众多夜间灯光秀中的一场。根据句意"惠特塞尔一家决定……迪士尼世界众多夜间灯光秀中的一场" 可知凯蒂一家来迪斯尼世界一天后打算欣赏一场夜间灯光秀； A： request请求；B： admire欣赏；C： introduce介绍；D： organize组织 ；故答案为B。
6．句意：在观看的过程中，一位表演者走近凯伦，把手放在她的肩膀上。根据句意"把手放在她的肩膀上" 可知这位迪斯尼演员走进凯蒂的妈妈； A： approached走近；B： defended防御；C： persuaded说服；D： affected 影响；故答案为A。
7．句意：她们互相微笑，直到今天，凯蒂还记得妈妈是多么高兴。根据上文句意"在观看的过程中，一位表演者走近凯伦，把手放在她的肩膀上"和"她们互相微笑，直到今天，凯蒂还记得妈妈是……。" 可知她妈妈当时很开心； A： respectful恭敬的；B： peaceful平和的；C： cheerful欢快的，高兴的；D： powerful 有力的；故答案为C。
8．句意：全家人都感动得流下了眼泪。根据上文句意"在观看的过程中，一位表演者走近凯伦，把手放在她的肩膀上。她们互相微笑，直到今天，凯蒂还记得妈妈是多么高兴。"凯蒂妈妈是癌症患者她在这里感受到了表演者对自己的关爱， 可知这事让一家人很感动； A：touched感动；B：ashamed羞愧；C： distracted心烦意乱；D： anxious 焦虑；故答案为A。
9．句意：就在那天，凯蒂决定去迪士尼当演员。根据上文凯蒂看到迪斯尼演员的举动带来了母亲开心的笑容，让她看到了做迪斯尼演员的意义， 可知她决定也从事这样的工作：当一名迪斯尼演员； A： care关心；B： search搜索；C： work工作；D： stand站立 ；故答案为C。
10．句意：凯蒂在奥特拜因大学获得音乐剧学位后开始追寻她的梦想。根据上完大学会获得相应的学位和文凭， 可知作者奥特拜因大学毕业时也获得了学位； A： degree学位；B： job工作；C： blessing祝福；D： reward奖励，回报 ；故答案为A。
11．句意：她的努力终于得到了回报，2009年她在迪士尼邮轮公司找到了一份工作，后来在东京的迪士尼音乐会中担任演员。根据句意"2009年她在迪士尼邮轮公司找到了一份工作" 可知凯蒂想当一名迪斯尼演员的目标实现了，她成功了 A： broke out 爆发；B： paid off付清；取得成功；C： showed up出现；D： came around 好转；故答案为B。
12．句意：她的努力终于得到了回报，2009年她在迪士尼邮轮公司找到了一份工作，后来在东京的迪士尼音乐会中担任演员。根据上文句意"就在那天，凯蒂决定去迪士尼当演员。" 可知她后来在东京终于当上了一名迪斯尼演员； A： director导演；B： writer作家；C： journalist记者；D： performer 表演者；故答案为D。
13．句意：凯蒂对每个人都有一个强烈的回应信息，尤其是那些可能正在经历困难时期的人。根据上文凯蒂走上现在的职业道路就是因为当初生病的母亲被关爱， 可知她也是特别关爱那些有困难的人； A： exactly正是如此；B： actually实际上；C： especially特别地；D： gradually逐渐地 ；故答案为C。
14．句意："就像你最喜欢的迪士尼电影一样，"她说，"总会有一些困难或压力。"根据上文句意"凯蒂对每个人都有一个强烈的回应信息，尤其是那些可能正在经历困难时期的人。" 可知她在鼓励那些有困难的游客； A： violence暴力；B： hardship艰难；C： loneliness孤独；D： doubt 怀疑；故答案为B。
15．句意：但也要记住庆祝这些时刻，因为它们会带你走向幸福的结局。根据上文在迪斯尼看表演这是快乐的时刻， 可知我们应该庆祝这美好而快乐的时刻； A： celebrate庆祝；B： recognize组织；C： spend度过，花（时间）；D： select 选择，挑选；故答案为A。
二、第一部分 知识运用，第二节语法填空 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分)
（2023高二上·丰台期中） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Parrots usually live in large groups and they like to eat fruit. They 16． (find) in countries like Brazil, Australia and India. There are different kinds of parrots, but they all have strong beaks and feet, 17． they use for climbing and holding food. The biggest parrots can live for up to 80 years. They are 18． (noise), but they are clever birds and it is easy to teach them to talk. Some zoos have parrot shows, where you can see birds doing things they have learned.
【答案】16．are found；17．which；18．noisy
【知识点】说明文；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】这是一段说明文。介绍了鹦鹉。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，短语，形容词的比较级，定语从句副词，非谓语动词，等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
16．句意：它们分布在巴西、澳大利亚和印度等国。根据主语They（Parrots）与谓语动词find之间是被动关心，再根据上下文时态一致，上文 live是一般现在时； 可知空白处需要动词find 的一般现在时的被动语态 are found ；故答案为are found。
17．句意：鹦鹉有不同的种类，但它们都有强壮的喙和脚，它们用这些来攀爬和抓食物。根据句子结构空白处需要关系代词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为 beaks and feet， 可知空白处需要关系代词 which ；故答案为which。
18．句意：它们很吵，但它们是聪明的鸟，教它们说话很容易。根据句子结构空白处需要表语来描述鹦鹉的特点，再根据句意"它们很吵"可知空白处需要名词noise 的形容词形式 noisy ；故答案为noisy。
（2023高二上·丰台期中） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
19． （keep）a learning diary is a possible way to learn independently. Your learning diaries could record your progress—your teacher's marks, the areas you covered, the points you did not understand, the problems you faced, and the means you used 20． (overcome) them. If you keep such a diary, you will undoubtedly become much more aware of your own learning 21． (difficulty), and will be more likely to solve them. Besides, you can benefit by writing about your expectations for a course, and reporting on the outcomes of it.
【答案】19．Keeping；20．to overcome；21．difficulties
【知识点】说明文；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】这是一段说明文。介绍了写学习日记是独立学习的一种可能方法。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，短语，形容词的比较级，定语从句副词，非谓语动词，等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
19．句意：写学习日记是独立学习的一种可能方法。根据句子结构空白处需要非谓语作主语，再根据句意"写学习日记是独立学习的一种可能方法。" 可知这是一个科学方法，空白处需要动词keep 的动名词形式Keeping 表示科学，习惯 ；故答案为Keeping。
20．句意：你的学习日记可以记录你的进步——你老师给的分数，你涵盖的领域，你不理解的要点，你遇到的问题，以及你用来克服它们的方法。根据句子结构空白处需要非谓语作名词的 the means定语，名词方法：means，way等常接不定式作定语，可知空白处需要动词overcome 的不定式 to overcome ；故答案为to overcome。
21．句意：如果你坚持写这样的日记，你无疑会更加意识到自己的学习困难，并且更有可能解决它们。此外，你可以通过写下你对一门课程的期望，并报告它的结果而受益。根据下文will be more likely to solve them更有可能解决它们。 可知这里的困难指的是各种困难；空白处需要名词difficulty 的复数形式 difficulties ；故答案为difficulties。
（2023高二上·丰台期中） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Before Mr. Jenkins taught me, science 22． (be) a subject full of strange words to me. I had no idea 23． hydrogen was, and I didn't really want to know, either! But Mr. Jenkins made everything interesting. He used to explain things which seemed difficult 24． lots of practical examples and in simple language. One day, he took us outside, and we 25． (build) a rocket! I remember that he let me pour some fuel into the rocket, and then another student lit a match to set it off. It was great fun.
【答案】22．had been；23．what；24．with；25．built
【知识点】故事阅读类；学习教育类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】这是一段记叙文。讲述了詹金斯老师让我爱上理科，科学。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，短语，形容词的比较级，定语从句副词，非谓语动词，等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
22．句意：在詹金斯先生教我之前，科学对我来说是一门充满陌生词汇的学科。根据事件状语从句Before Mr. Jenkins taught me, 常跟过去完成时（表达过去的过去），可知空白处需要动词be 的过去完成时 had been ；故答案为had been。
23．句意：我不知道氢是什么，我也不想知道！ 根据句子结构空白处需要同位语从句的引导词，再根据句子 hydrogen was缺少表语，可知空白处需要疑问词what 引导no idea的同位语从句；故答案为what。
24．句意：他过去常常用许多实际的例子和简单的语言来解释那些看起来很难的事情。根据 and 前后一致，空白处需要介词表示"用，借助" 可知空白处需要介词 with ；故答案为with。
25．句意：有一天，他带我们出去，我们造了一个火箭！根据句子结构空白处需要谓语动词，再根据上下文时态一致，上文 took 是一般过去时，可知空白处需要动词build 的一般过去时 built；故答案为built。
三、第二部分 阅读理解，第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
（2023高二上·丰台期中） 阅读理解
Explore your world—Mirthy
Online events to help you discover, learn and connect
Who is Mirthy
Mirthy is one of the most popular websites for online events and already loved and trusted by more than 45,000 people. It was designed to create an inclusive community where people can learn, share, and connect with others through a variety of events that are active, sociable, and uplifting. It's all about fulfilment and wellbeing.
There are some online events each month to try, from craft workshops (手工工坊) to fitness sessions. For example, according to our event calendar, this week you can attend gardening classes and singing lessons. So whether you have a desire to get fitter or to pick up a new skill—signing up for classes and events with Mirthy could be just what you have been looking for.
How does it work
Sign up via the online registration form at Mirthy. com. Then you can take a look through the calendar of upcoming events and see what takes your fancy.
Once you register for an event, you will then receive a link on email ready for you to join the live event. If your plans change and you can't make it, you will receive a link for a 7-day replay that you can watch at a time that is convenient for you!
Best of all, it's completely FREE to join!
Join Mirthy for free today, and you can enjoy any 4 events every month, for free! If you're up for more, then you can either select and book additional events on a pay-as-you-go basis, normally for 2. 99 each, or you can upgrade to the Premium membership giving you full free access to all events for only 4. 99 per month.
If you choose to go for the Premium membership, there's no contract. You simply upgrade your membership and you can cancel anytime.
26．Mirthy is intended to____.
A．improve people's fitness B．organize sociable events
C．provide craft workshops D．create an online community
27．What can people do at Mirthy this week
A．Make art crafts.
B．Talk about fitness experience.
C．Learn songs.
D．Study wild plants and animals.
28．Which of the following is true about Mirthy
A．People can sign up for the events online.
B．The events can be watched again at any time.
C．People can upgrade their membership for free.
D．No more than 4 events are offered each month.
29．What's the main purpose of this passage
A．To share a lifestyle.
B．To recommend a website.
C．To introduce online events.
D．To explain a registration process.
【答案】26．D
27．C
28．A
29．B
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类；说明文；社会文化类；学习教育类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】这是一篇广告。介绍了一个受欢迎的网站：Mirthy。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及细节理解题和目的意图题。解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断；解答目的意图题时需要根据文章的内容，结构和选项来判断出正确答案。
26．细节理解题。根据It was designed to create an inclusive community where people can learn, share, and connect with others through a variety of events that are active, sociable, and uplifting.它旨在创造一个包容性的社区，人们可以通过各种活跃、社交和令人振奋的活动来学习、分享和与他人联系。可知它的目的在于创建一个网络社区；故答案为D。
27．细节理解题。根据For example, according to our event calendar, this week you can attend gardening classes and singing
lessons.例如，根据我们的活动日程，这周你可以参加园艺课和歌唱课。可知人们可以学唱歌；故答案为 C。
28．细节理解题。根据So whether you have a desire to get fitter or to pick up a new skill—signing up for classes and events with
Mirthy could be just what you have been looking for. 因此，无论你是想变得更健康，还是想学习一项新技能，用米尔蒂网站报名参加课程和活动可能正是你一直在寻找的。可知 人们可以在线报名参加这些活动；故答案为A。
29．目的意图题。根据标题Explore your world—Mirthy探索你的世界-米尔蒂Online events to help you discover, learn and connect在线活动，帮助您发现，学习和联系，以及第一段Mirthy is one of the most popular websites for online events and already loved and trusted by more than 45,000 people. It was designed to create an inclusive community where people can learn, share, and connect with others through a variety of events that are active, sociable, and uplifting. It's all about fulfilment and wellbeing.Mirthy是最受欢迎的在线活动网站之一，已经受到超过45,000人的喜爱和信任。它旨在创造一个包容性的社区，人们可以通过各种活跃、社交和令人振奋的活动来学习、分享和与他人联系。一切都是关于满足和幸福。可知本文主要推荐一个网站 ；故答案为 B。
（2023高二上·丰台期中） 阅读理解
The Well that Changed the World
As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy, Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn't get enough clean water. He looked across the classroom at the drinking fountain. It was very close—only ten steps away. So, Ryan asked himself, "Why do some African children have to walk ten kilometers to get water every day And why is the water so dirty that it makes them sick " Young Ryan thought, "Life is easy for me, but hard for those people. Why don't I help "
At first, his plan was to earn money to build a single well somewhere in Africa. He cleaned windows and did gardening for his family and neighbors. He soon reached his first target (目标) of $70, but when he gave the money to a charity, he was told that it actually cost $2,000 to build a well.
Two thousand dollars was a lot of money, but Ryan didn't give up. He started to ask for help from his classmates and neighbors and persuaded them to donate money. At the same time, a friend of Ryan's mother helped make his story go public. After several months, Ryan had raised the $2,000, with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. The children at the school no longer needed to walk for hours to get water. They were grateful to him and invited him to visit.
In Uganda, Ryan at last saw the finished well with his own eyes. But that was not all. He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to welcome him. They sang and danced happily. Some even offered him food and gifts. At first Ryan was nervous, but soon great warmth filled him. He really had made a difference for these children. He broke into a joyful smile.
Later, Ryan's experience led him to set up a foundation (基金会) to encourage more people to help. Many inspired people gave him their support. Ryan's foundation continues to attract support from more and more people, so the work of building more wells can go on. Today, over 800,000 people in 16 countries across Africa have benefited from the life-changing gift of clean, safe water.
30．The following statements make Ryan decide to help students in developing African countries, EXCEPT____.
A．Ryan has troubles understanding the words spoken by teachers.
B．Many students are suffering from sickness caused by dirty water.
C．Ryan thought life shouldn't be so hard for them while his is easy.
D．Many students have to walk a long way to get clean and safe water.
31．How did Ryan raise money to build a well after finishing his first target
A．By asking his teacher and friends' parents for help.
B．By persuading people around him to donate money.
C．By setting up a public foundation to attract support.
D．By doing some work for his family and neighbors.
32．Which of the following words can best describe Ryan
A．Kind-hearted and determined. B．Humorous and ambitious.
C．Brave and generous. D．Grateful and hardworking.
【答案】30．A
31．B
32．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了六岁加拿大男孩努力挣钱筹钱帮助乌干达小学打了一口井地故事。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断。
30．推理判断题。根据 As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy, Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn't get enough clean water. 作为一名六岁的加拿大学生，Ryan很难相信老师所说的非洲发展中国家的许多人无法获得足够的清洁水。可知瑞安理解老师说的话，只是他不相信非洲发展中国家的许多人无法获得足够的清洁水 ；故答案为A。
31．细节理解题。根据Two thousand dollars was a lot of money, but Ryan didn't give up. He started to ask for help from his classmates and neighbors and persuaded them to donate money. 2000美元是一大笔钱，但瑞恩没有放弃。他开始向同学和邻居寻求帮助，并说服他们捐款。可知通过说服身边的人捐款来完成目标 ；故答案为 B。
32．推理判断题，根据上文他挣钱筹钱帮助乌干达的一所小学打井， 可知他心地善良；再根据他再被告知70美元不够打一口井时他依然坚持做下去，可知他是一个意志坚定地孩子； 故答案为 A。
（2023高二上·丰台期中） 阅读理解
The bald eagle was once a dying species in the United States. This is because the bird wasn't always held with respect. At the National Book Festival, author Jack E. Davis detailed the bald eagle's "great conservation success story".
The bald eagle has faced extinction twice. The first occurred in the late 19th century. "It was then that a bald eagle seen was one to be shot," he said. He explained that the bird had been regarded as a dangerous animal, and considered a threat (威胁). But such threat tended to be overstated (夸大). Throughout the early 20th century, thousands of bald eagles were shot down. Things began to change for the bird in 1940, when the government passed its legal protection—the Bald Eagle Protection Act.
However, only five years later, the bird faced its second near extinction when DDT, an environmentally harmful insecticide (杀虫剂), was introduced at the end of World War Ⅱ. In 1963, the bald eagle hit its lowest number—totaling less than 500 nesting pairs across the U. S. "At that time, only about one-third of the nation's water was safe for swimming and fishing," Davis said. "That was eagle habitat, but also our habitat. " "We stepped up. " He mentioned that this situation led a nonprofit organization, Fish and Wildlife, to launch "hugely successful" eagle protection projects.
By 2007, the bald eagle was removed from the list as the species regained its health, reaching nearly 11,000 nesting pairs nationwide, and today's number is somewhere around 500,000.
For those looking to assist in the ongoing comeback of the bald eagle and other endangered animals, Davis said, almost every state has a center that accepts donations and welcomes visitors and volunteers.
33．What made the bald eagle almost extinct for the first time
A．The illegal hunting.
B．The loose control of guns.
C．The attack from other animals.
D．The misunderstanding of their threat.
34．What caused Fish and Wildlife to start eagle protection projects
A．The outbreak of World War II.
B．The overuse of DDT nationwide.
C．The disappearance of eagle habitat.
D．The worsening of eagles' living condition.
35．What's the main purpose of the passage
A．To tell a story of a dying species.
B．To advertise the book of JackE. Davis.
C．To raise the awareness of protecting wildlife.
D．To introduce the ways of protecting bald eagles.
【答案】33．D
34．D
35．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；环境保护类；记叙文；文章大意
【解析】【分析】只是一篇记叙文。讲述了美国秃鹰成功被保护地例子，希望大家关注野生动物地保护。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题和目的意图题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断；解答目的意图题时需要根据文章的结构和选项来判断出正确答案。
33．推理判断题。根据 He explained that the bird had been regarded as a dangerous animal, and considered a threat (威胁). But such threat tended to be overstated (夸大).他解释说，这只鸟被认为是一种危险的动物，被认为是一种威胁。但是这种威胁往往被夸大了。可知人们误解了秃鹰对人类的威胁；故答案为 D。
34．细节理解题。根据 However, only five years later, the bird faced its second near extinction when DDT, an environmentally harmful insecticide (杀虫剂), was introduced at the end of World War Ⅱ. In 1963, the bald eagle hit its lowest number—totaling less than 500 nesting pairs across the U. S. "At that time, only about one-third of the nation's water was safe for swimming and fishing," Davis said. "That was eagle habitat, but also our habitat. " "We stepped up. " He mentioned that this situation led a nonprofit organization, Fish and Wildlife, to launch "hugely successful" eagle protection projects.然而，仅仅五年后，当DDT一种对环境有害的杀虫剂在第二次世界大战结束时被引入时，这种鸟面临着第二次濒临灭绝。1963年，秃鹰的数量达到最低点，在美国总共不到500对筑巢的秃鹰。戴维斯说:"当时，全国只有大约三分之一的水域适合游泳和钓鱼。"那是鹰的栖息地，也是我们的栖息地。"我们站出来了。"他提到，这种情况促使非营利组织"鱼类和野生动物"发起了"非常成功"的鹰保护项目。可知 鹰的生存状况日益恶化；故答案为D。
35．目的意图题。根据文章地结构：总分总，第一段为中心段落The bald eagle was once a dying species in the United States. This is because the bird wasn't always held with respect. At the National Book Festival, author Jack E. Davis detailed the bald eagle's "great conservation success story".秃鹰曾经是美国濒临灭绝的物种。这是因为鸟儿并不总是受到尊重。在美国国家图书节上，作家杰克·e·戴维斯详细介绍了秃鹰"伟大的保护成功故事"。可知这篇文章主要目的时提高人们保护野生动物的意识；故答案为 C。
（2023高二上·丰台期中） 阅读理解
Teens who have good, supportive relationships with their teachers enjoy better health as adults, according to a research.
"This research suggests that improving students' relationships with teachers could have important, positive and long-lasting effects beyond just academic success," said Jinho Kim, the author of the study. "It could also bring about important health benefits in the long run. "
Previous research has suggested that teens' social relationships might be linked to health outcomes in adulthood—perhaps because poor relationships can lead to chronic (长期的) stress which can raise a person's risk of health problems over the lifespan, according to Kim. However, it is not clear whether the link between teen relationships and lifetime health is certainly cause and effect—it could be that other factors, such as different family backgrounds, might contribute to both relationship problems in adolescence (青春期) and poor health in adulthood. Also, most research has focused on teens relationships with their peers, rather than on their relationships with teachers.
To explore those questions further, Kim analyzed data on nearly 20,000 participants from the Add Health study, a national study that followed participants for 13 years, from seventh grade into early adulthood. The participants included more than 3, 400 pairs of brothers and sisters. As teens, participants answered questions, such as, "How often have you had trouble getting along with other students " "How much do you agree that friends care about you " "How often have you had trouble getting along with your teachers " and "How much do you agree that teachers care about you " As adults, participants were asked about their physical and mental health. Researchers also took measures of physical health, such as blood pressure and BMI (体质指数).
Kim found that, as expected, participants who had reported better relationships with both their peers and teachers in middle school and high school also reported better physical and mental health in their mid-20s. However, when he controlled for family background by looking at pairs of brothers and sisters, only the link between good teacher relationships and adult health remained significant.
The results suggest that teacher relationships are even more important than previously realized and that schools should invest in training teachers on how to build warm and supportive relationships with their students, according to Kim.
36．According to paragraph 3, we can know that ____.
A．teen relationships with teachers were not studied before.
B．family background is the main factor in improving mental health.
C．teen relationship is not the only factor that affects the lifetime health.
D．relationship problems in adolescence can cause poor health in adulthood.
37．What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A．How the research was done.
B．What questions were explored.
C．How physical health was measured.
D．What kind of participants were studied.
38．According to Kim's findings, we can infer that ____.
A．Good adult health depends on teens' good peers and teachers.
B．More attention should be paid to students' relationships with teachers.
C．The importance of student-teacher relationships was fully realized before.
D．More teachers should be trained to build better relationship with each other.
39．Where does this text probably come from
A．A family survey. B．A medical report.
C．A term paper. D．A health magazine.
【答案】36．C
37．A
38．B
39．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；新闻报道类；医疗保健类；应用文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇研究报告。讲述了与老师关系良好、相互支持的青少年成年后身体更健康。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题和主旨大意题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断；解答主旨大意题时需要根据文章的结构和选项来判断出正确答案。
36．推理判断题。根据Previous research has suggested that teens' social relationships might be linked to health outcomes in adulthood—perhaps because poor relationships can lead to chronic (长期的) stress which can raise a person's risk of health problems over the lifespan, according to Kim. However, it is not clear whether the link between teen relationships and lifetime health is certainly cause and effect—it could be that other factors, such as different family backgrounds, might contribute to both relationship problems in adolescence (青春期) and poor health in adulthood. Also, most research has focused on teens relationships with their peers, rather than on their relationships with teachers. Kim说，之前的研究表明，青少年的社会关系可能与成年后的健康状况有关，这可能是因为不良的人际关系会导致慢性压力，从而增加一个人一生中出现健康问题的风险。然而，目前还不清楚青少年恋爱和终身健康之间的联系是否一定是因果关系——可能是其他因素，比如不同的家庭背景，可能会导致青春期的恋爱问题和成年后的健康状况不佳。此外，大多数研究都集中在青少年与同龄人的关系上，而不是他们与老师的关系上。可知青少年关系并不是影响一生健康的唯一因素；故答案为 C。
37．主旨大意题。根据 To explore those questions further, Kim analyzed data on nearly 20,000 participants from the Add Health study, a national study that followed participants for 13 years, from seventh grade into early adulthood. The participants included more than 3, 400 pairs of brothers and sisters. As teens, participants answered questions, such as, "How often have you had trouble getting along with other students " "How much do you agree that friends care about you " "How often have you had trouble getting along with your teachers " and "How much do you agree that teachers care about you " As adults, participants were asked about their physical and mental health. Researchers also took measures of physical health, such as blood pressure and BMI (体质指数).为了进一步探索这些问题，Kim分析了来自Add Health研究的近2万名参与者的数据，这是一项全国性的研究，对参与者进行了13年的跟踪调查，从七年级到成年早期。参与者包括3400多对兄弟姐妹。作为青少年，参与者回答了一些问题，比如"你多久与其他学生相处一次 ""你在多大程度上认为朋友关心你 ""你多久和老师相处一次有困难 "以及"你认为老师在多大程度上关心你 "成年后，参与者被问及他们的身心健康状况。研究人员还测量了身体健康状况，如血压和体质指数。可知这一段主要讲研究是如何进行的；故答案为A。
38．细节理解题。根据Kim found that, as expected, participants who had reported better relationships with both their peers and
teachers in middle school and high school also reported better physical and mental health in their mid20s. However, when he controlled for family background by looking at pairs of brothers and sisters, only the link between good teacher relationships and adult health remained significant. Kim发现，正如预期的那样，那些在初中和高中与同龄人和老师关系都更好的参与者在25岁左右的时候也表现出了更好的身心健康。然而，当他通过观察兄弟姐妹来家庭背景时，只有良好的师生关系和成人健康之间的联系仍然显著。可知由Kim地发现我们知道应该更多地关注学生与老师的关系 ；故答案为 B。
39．推理判断题。根据文章地结构：总分，第一段为中心段落Teens who have good, supportive relationships with their teachers
enjoy better health as adults, according to a research. 一项研究表明，与老师关系良好、相互支持的青少年成年后身体更健康。再根据选项A：A family survey.一个家庭调查。B：A medical report.一个医学报告C：A term paper.一篇学期论文D：A health
magazine.一本健康杂志。可知这篇文章选自健康杂志；故答案为D。
四、第三部分 书面表达，第一节选词填空（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
（2023高二上·丰台期中） 阅读句子，根据句意选择方框内合适的词组，用其恰当形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
associate with， drop out， a couple of， be to blame， be related to
40．Some types of cancer traffic pollution.
41．I've read Graham's books and seen him on TV.
42．I have a never-ending flow of messages and updates from all the people I online.
43．Many scientists say we are now entering the Earth's sixth mass extinction. Thistime, human activity will .
44．Jason Harley decided to of this kind of lifestyle, and he discovered that having only a little money made him free.
【答案】40．are related to
41．a couple of
42．associate with
43．be to blame
44．drop out
【知识点】固定短语；一般现在时；一般将来时；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】associate with与……有联系，交往； drop out 退出，放弃； a couple of两个/几个； be to blame该受责备，应承担责任；be related to与……有关。
【点评】考查句子选词填空。注意句子的结构，时态，语态和句子的逻辑联系。
40．句意：某些类型的癌症与交通污染有关。根据句子结构空白处需要谓语动词，再根据主语Some types of cancer（癌症）与宾语traffic pollution（污染），可知他们之间有着关联，空白处需要地短语意思为"与……有关"be related to ，这是一项关于科学报道的内容，谓语要运用一般现在时are related to；故答案为are related to。
41．句意：我读过几本格雷厄姆的书，也在电视上看过他。根据句子结构空白处需要修饰名词的短语，在根据所给短语，其中只有a couple of可以直接限定名词， 可知空白处需要短语 a couple of两个/几个；故答案为a couple of。
42．句意：我有一个来自于所有我在网上联系的人的永无止境的信息流和更新。根据句子结构空白处需要定语从句的谓语，再根据句意"永无止境的信息流和更新"和"来自于所有我在网上……的人" 可知我们经常关注的是有交往的人的信息，所以空白处需要的意思为"交往，联系"再根据主从句时态一致主句谓语have 是一般现在时，可知空白处需要动词短语的一般现在时 associate with ；故答案为associate with。
43．句意：许多科学家说，我们正在进入地球的第六次大灭绝。这一次，人类活动将是罪魁祸首。根据句子结构空白处需要动词原形作谓语（will 引导的将来时），再根据句意"许多科学家说，我们正在进入地球的第六次大灭绝"以及"这一次，人类活动将……" 可知作者要告诉我们人类活动导致第六次大灭绝，人类活动应该为这样的后果负责，所以空白处需要的短语为be to blame 该受责备，应承担责任 ；故答案为be to blame。
44．句意：杰森·哈利决定放弃这种生活方式，而且他发现只有一点点钱就能让他自由。根据句子结构空白处需要动词原形作不定式to的成分，再根据句意"杰森·哈利决定……这种生活方式，而且他发现只有一点点钱就能让他自由" 可知他是想放弃这样的生活复数，空白处需要动词短语drop out 退出，放弃 ；故答案为drop out。
五、第三部分 书面表达，第二节（共4小题；第45-47题各2分，第48题6分，共12分）
（2023高二上·丰台期中） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。
Pranks (恶作剧) are a popular way of making fun of others and getting a laugh. While some experts point out possible negatives, pranking can also decrease stress, raise a smile, and strengthen relationships.
Prank Aliens, a best-selling book, tells a story about a boy named Max who is searching for the greatest prank of all time. His author Matt Stanton once said that pranking in the home can build strong relationships between parents and kids.
"Some of the best relationship-building moments I have with my own kids are when I enter into their space," Stanton said. "An adult joining in their games can be surprising for kids and bring wonderful moments of joy. It's a great way to demonstrate to our kids that we can laugh at ourselves and still feel loved and safe," he added.
But playing tricks can come with unintended consequences (后果), said psychiatrist Mark Cross. Pranks that are intended to harm or embarrass can anger the target and even ruin a relationship. However, Cross also added, "Pranking can be good when the outcome is laughter for everyone, including the pranked person. It can be a great release of stress. When you laugh, you breathe deeper, which helps ease anxiety. "
So why not try some pranks Wrapping vegetables and shoes up as presents for kids on their birthdays always gets a great reaction. Putting plastic spiders in guests' drinks or placing a whoopee cushion on an unsuspecting person's chair is sure to cause a belly laugh. All these might just be good for you and everyone involved.
45．What are the benefits of pranking (不多于10个词)
46．What are the best moments for Stanton to build relationship with his children (不多于7个词)
47．When can pranks anger the target or even ruin a relationship (不多于10个词)
48．In addition to pranking, what other ways can you use to strengthen
relationships with family members (40词左右)
【答案】45．Decreasing stress, raising a smile, and strengthening relationships.
46．When he enters into their space.
47．When pranks are intended to harm or embarrass.
48．I can keep in touch with my family by calling them every day. Besides, travelling with my family during the leisure holidays can give me the opportunity to communicate with them. Finally, I can celebrate with my family on special occasions, which will be unforgettable.
或 We can use many methods to strengthen the relationship with our family members, such as making an appointment to eat, taking a walk, exercising, traveling, etc. These activities can help understand each other's ideas and current situation, and eliminate estrangement.
【知识点】读写任务；社会文化类；学习教育类；议论文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。论述了恶作剧也可以减轻压力，增加笑容，加强人际关系。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。
45．题意：恶作剧的好处是什么 根据第一段While some experts point out possible negatives,
pranking can also decrease stress, raise a smile, and strengthen relationships. 虽然一些专家指出了恶作剧可能带来的负面影响，但恶作剧也可以减轻压力，增加笑容，加强人际关系。 可知恶作剧的好处就是：减轻压力，增加笑容，加强人际关系 decrease stress, raise a smile, and strengthen
relationships；故答案为Decreasing stress, raising a smile, and strengthening relationships.。
46．句意：斯坦顿与孩子建立关系的最佳时刻是什么 根据第三段"Some of the best relationship-building moments I have with my own kids are when I enter into their space," Stanton said. 斯坦顿说:"我和自己的孩子建立关系的一些最好的时刻是当我进入他们的空间时。"可知斯坦顿与孩子建立关系的最佳时刻就是他进入他们的空间时When he enters into their space ；故答案为When he enters into their space.
47．题意：什么时候恶作剧会激怒目标甚至破坏一段关系 根据第四段 Pranks that are intended to harm or embarrass can anger the target and even ruin a relationship. 旨在伤害或尴尬的恶作剧可能会激怒目标，甚至破坏一段关系。 可知激怒目标甚至破坏一段关系的恶作剧就是：Pranks are intended to harm or embarrass ；故答案为When pranks are intended to harm or embarrass.
48．题意：除了恶作剧，你还可以用什么方法来加强与家庭成员的关系 根据题意我们知道这是一段开放作文，并要注意词数限制（40词左右） 可知我们可以用打电话的方式随时与家人联系，陪同家人一起吃饭，旅游，看电视/电影 ，庆祝一些重要日子；或者：我们可以用很多方式来加强我们与家人的关系，例如：散步，锻炼，旅游，聊天等，这些活动可以加深我们彼此的了解，消除不必要的误会或者隔阂 ；故答案为I can keep in touch with my family by calling them every day. Besides, travelling
with my family during the leisure holidays can give me the opportunity to communicate with them. Finally, I can celebrate with my family on special occasions, which will be unforgettable.或 We can use many methods to strengthen the relationship with our family members, such as making an appointment to eat, taking a walk, exercising, traveling, etc. These activities can help understand each other's ideas and current situation, and eliminate estrangement.
六、第三部分 书面表达，第三节书面表达（20分）
49．（2023高二上·丰台期中） 假设你是高二（1）班学生李华，英语课上，老师请你们以"My Dream Job"为题，简要介绍自己理想的职业. 请你按照以下要点准备发言稿：
What job do you want to do
Why do you want to do the job
What qualities should you have for the job
How should you prepare yourself for the job
注意： 1. 发言稿的开头和结尾已为你写好；2. 词数不少于60。
My Dream Job
Good afternoon, everyone.
Thank you!
【答案】One possible version:
Good afternoon，everyone. When I grow up, I want to be a journalist. I think working for a newspaper and reporting news from all over the world would be really exciting. Journalists have to be very enthusiastic, independent and good at communicating with people．I know there's a long way to go to become a journalist. To get myself up to date with what's happening around the world, I read papers, and watch the news on TV. I am trying to improve my speaking and writing skills. And of course, absorbing as much knowledge as possible at this stage in my life is what I must do. I know dreams are hard to follow, but I will work hard on my dream. Thank you!
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文发言稿。要求考生以人李华 的身份写一篇以"My Dream Job"为题的发言稿。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文。写这篇文章时，要注意文中给出的细节都要包括，不要遗漏。这篇文章对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。本文的人称是第一人称；时态是一般现在时；文章可以分为共分三段：
第一段：引入，我想当一名……（What job do I want to do ）；
第二段：正文（Why do I want to do the job What qualities should Ihave for the job ）；
第三段：结尾（ How should Iprepare yourself for the job ）。
【点评】书面表达要求要点齐全，上下文连贯，并使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满 When I grow up, I want to be a journalist. （运用了时间状语从句），I know there's a long way to go to become a journalist. （运用了宾语从句），To get myself up to date with what's happening around the world, I read papers, and watch the news on TV.（运用了宾语从句和并列句），And of course, absorbing as much knowledge as possible at this stage in my life is what I must do. （运用了表语从句）同时能够运用一些高级词汇和固定短语 work for ，get myself up提高文章的档次，体现对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。
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