人教版（2019） 选择性必修 第二册unit 1Science and Scientists核心考点梳理学案（含答案）
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| 更新时间 | 2023-12-18 16:53:46 | ||
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选择性必修二
unit1核心考点梳理
一、重点单词
1．severe adj．极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的→adv.很严重地；严厉地
①严寒___________
②严重的伤势___________
③严重的社会问题___________
④严重的破坏___________
⑤ It's a rule that cruelty to animals is___________(severe)punished in England.
2．frustrated adj．懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的→v.使懊恼，使沮丧→adj.令人沮丧的
①受到挫折___________
②因······而灰心丧气___________
③ They tried every possible way to handle the___________(frustrate) situation.
④虽然出了问题，但我们都没有感到失望或沮丧。
Although things go wrong, none of us______________________.
3．contradictory adj．相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的→v.反驳；相矛盾→n.反驳；矛盾；矛盾的说法→adj.自相矛盾的
①矛盾的信息___________
②互相矛盾的陈述___________
4．infection n．感染；传染→___________vt.使感染；传染→___________adj.传染性的
①受到感染___________
②患上传染病___________
③治疗感染___________
④感染上······___________
⑤小心把伤口清理干净，这样不会被感染。
Clean the wound cautiously so it___________.
5．subscribe v．认购（股份）；定期订购；定期交纳（会费）→___________n.订阅者→___________n.订阅（费）
①同意；赞同___________
②赞同一个理论___________
③订阅杂志___________
④办理订阅___________
⑤我个人从来都不同意一种性别比另一种性别优越的观点。
I've personally never___________that either sex is superior to the other.
6．suspect vt．＆ vi．怀疑；疑有；不信任n．犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象→___________n.怀疑→___________adj.感觉可疑的
①怀疑某人某事___________
②警告某人某事___________
③控告某人某事___________
④治愈某人的某种疾病___________
⑤告知某人某事___________
⑥使某人相信某事___________
⑦我最好的朋友怀疑我泄露了她的秘密。
My best friend___________
7．blame vt．把······归咎于；责怪；指责n．责备；指责
①因（做）某事而责备某人___________
②把某事归咎于某人___________
③应（为······）承担责任，该（为······）受责备___________
④对某事负责／承担责任___________
8．link n．联系；纽带vt．把······连接起来；相关联
①把······和······连接起来___________
②与······有联系／有关___________
③······和······之间的联系___________
④儿童的行为与其父母的教育存在着密切的联系。
There is ___________their parents' education.
9．decrease n．减少；降低；减少量vt． ＆vi．（使大小、数量等）减少；减小；降低→___________v.增加，增长n.增加，增长
①减少到___________
②减少了___________
③在减少___________
④在增加___________
⑤参观人数一直在稳步下降。
There_________________________________.
10．transform vt．使改观；使改变形态vi．改变；转变
①把······（从·······）变为······___________
②用······来改变······___________
③我充分意识到，是在国外的生活经历完全改变了我。
I'm fully aware that it's the experience from my life abroad___________
11．cast vt（cast，cast）投射；向······投以（视线、笑容等）；投掷
①研究克隆的科学家们发现多莉得的疾病更容易发生在老年的羊身上，这使他们很沮丧。
Cloning scientists___________to find that Dolly's illnesses were more appropriate to much older sheep.
②他的尖锐言论和悲观态度给会议蒙上了阴影。
His sharp remarks and pessimistic attitude______________________.
12．pour vz．倒出；倾泻；斟（饮料）
①把······倒人······中___________
②（雨）倾盆而下___________
③下滂沱大雨___________
④请在两个盘子里倒少许酱汁，然后把肉摆放整齐。
Please ___________a pool of sauce on two plates and arrange the meat neatly.
13．defend vt．保卫；防守；辩解→n.防御，保护，保卫；防御物
①保卫······免受······___________
②为某人辩护___________
③对······的防御物___________
④每个能够参加战斗的男子现在都致力于保卫这条山脊。
Every man who could fight is now committed to ___________the ridge.
14．gifted adj．有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的→___________n.天赋，天才，才能
①在······方面有天赋／才华___________
②具有······___________
③有·····天赋___________
④He has a sense of humour,and is___________(gift) with a sharp business brain.
15．shift n．改变；转换；轮班vi．＆vt．转移；挪动；转向
①轮班工作___________
②把······从······移动／搬到······___________
③他停了下来，将手杖移到左手。
He stopped,____________________________________________.
答案 1．severely ①severe coldness ②severe injuries③ severe social problems ④ severe damage⑤ severely
2.frustrate;frustrating ①get frustrated ② be frustrated at③ frustrating ④ feel disappointed or frustrated
3. contradict; contradiction; self-contradictory① contradictory messages
② contradictory statements
4.infect;infectious ① have/get an infection ② suffer from an infection ③ treat an infection ④ be infected with ⑤ doesn't get infected
5.subscriber; subscription ① subscribe to ② subscribe to a theory ③ subscribe to a magazine ④ take out a subscription ⑤ subscribed to the view
6.suspicion;suspicious ①suspect sb.of sth. ② warn sb.of sth. ③ accuse sb.of sth. ④cure sb.of sth.⑤inform sb.of sth. ⑥ convince sb. of sth.⑦ suspected me of giving away her secret
7.① blame sb.for(doing) sth. ② put/lay the blame forsth.on sb./blame sth.on sb. ③ be to blame(for...)
④accept/bear/take the blame for sth.
8.①link..to/with../link..and...(together) ②be linkedwith/to ③ links between...and... ④ a close link betweenthe children's behaviour and
9. increase ① decrease to ② decrease by ③ on thedecrease ④ on the increase ⑤ has been a steadydecrease in the number of visitors
10.① transform... (from sth. ) into sth. ② transform...with... ③ that has totally transformed me
11.① were cast down ② cast a shadow over/on the meeting
12. ①pour..into... ② pour down ③ pour with rain④pour
13.defence ①defend...against/from... ② in one'sdefence ③a defence against ④defending
14.git ① be gifted in/at ② be gifted with... ③ have agift/talent/genius for ④ gifted
15. ① working in shifts ② shift...from...to... ③ shiftinghis walking stick to his left hand
二 、重点短语
1．once and for all 最终地；彻底地
above all最重要的是；尤其是
①首先（强调顺序）___________
②___________（＝in total＝altogether）总共
③___________毕竟，终究
④___________到底，根本
⑤___________一点儿也（不），完全（不）
⑥这是回报的时刻。我最终证明了我能成为冠军。
This is payback time.I've proved______________________
⑦我们上学最重要的是学会如何学习，这样，当我们离开学校时，我们就能继续学习。
We go to school,,to learn how to learn,so that when we have left school, we can continue tol earn.
2．thanks to幸亏；由于
①___________因为；由于
=___________
=___________
=___________
②多亏了那位教授，我喜欢上了英语，并且对自己有了信心。
___________the professor, I fell in love with English and had confidence in myself.
3．break out（战争、打斗等不愉快的事情）突然开始；爆发
①强行进入；插话，打断___________
②强行闯入；突然开始（笑、唱等）___________
③分解；出故障；（计划等）失败；垮掉___________
④克服；突破___________
⑤解散；（关系）破裂___________
⑥战争爆发时他毫不犹豫地参了军。
He joined the army without hesitation___________。
4．in charge of 主管；掌管（短语介词）
①负责，主管（短语动词）___________
②为某物向某人收费___________
③指控某人某事___________
④免费___________
⑤眼下这个有强烈责任感的人负责学校的工作。
The man who has a strong sense of responsibility ___________at present.
5．come down 患（病）；染上（小病）
①可归结为；（风俗、习惯等）流传到___________
②如果有人不幸得了传染病，他应该进行自我隔离。
If someone unluckily______________________，he should keep himself separated.
答案 1．①first of all ② in all ③ after al1 ④ at all⑤(not) at all ⑥ once and for all I can become the champion ⑦ above all
2.① because of; due to; on account of; owing to ②Thanks to
3.① break in ② break into ③ break down ④ breakthrough ⑤ break up ⑥ when the war broke out
4.① take charge of ② charge sb. for sth. ③charge sb. with sth. ④ free of charge ⑤ is in charge of the school's work
5.① come down to ② comes down with an infection
三 重点句式
1．have sth．done 使某事被······（可能是主语自己做，也可能是让别人做）
教材原句
①于是，他让人拆掉了水泵的把手，这样水泵就用不成了。Accordingly,he ______________________so that it could not be used.
句式仿写
②我们把机器修好了，结果我们按时完成了任务。
We___________the task on time.
2．the way＋定语从句
教材原句
①此外，通过使用地图和数据，斯诺改变了科学家研究疾病的方式。
Moreover, in his use of maps and statistics,Snow transformed___________scientists study diseases.句式仿写
②对于他们处理调查的方式我们唯有赞赏。
We___________the investigation.
3．should have done 过去本应该做（而实际上未做）
教材原句
①这个时候你本应该冷静下来，开始做一些扎实的工作。
This was when you___________and got down to doing some solid work.
句式仿写
②你早就应该告诉我这个事故。
You___________about the accident before.
4．since 引导原因状语从句
教材原句
①他因患病致使其大部分肌肉萎缩无力，他的世界变成了
一个抽象思维的世界。
______________________which caused him to lose the use of most of his muscles, his world became one of abstract thought.
句式仿写
②我永远都在减肥，因为我很容易长胖。
I'm forever on a diet,_________________________________.
答案 1．①had the handle of the pump removed ② had the
machine repaired so that we completed
2.① the way ② have nothing but praise for the way they
handled
3.① should have calmed down ②should have told me
4. ① Since he came down with a disease ② since I put on
weight easily
unit1核心考点梳理
一、重点单词
1．severe adj．极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的→adv.很严重地；严厉地
①严寒___________
②严重的伤势___________
③严重的社会问题___________
④严重的破坏___________
⑤ It's a rule that cruelty to animals is___________(severe)punished in England.
2．frustrated adj．懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的→v.使懊恼，使沮丧→adj.令人沮丧的
①受到挫折___________
②因······而灰心丧气___________
③ They tried every possible way to handle the___________(frustrate) situation.
④虽然出了问题，但我们都没有感到失望或沮丧。
Although things go wrong, none of us______________________.
3．contradictory adj．相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的→v.反驳；相矛盾→n.反驳；矛盾；矛盾的说法→adj.自相矛盾的
①矛盾的信息___________
②互相矛盾的陈述___________
4．infection n．感染；传染→___________vt.使感染；传染→___________adj.传染性的
①受到感染___________
②患上传染病___________
③治疗感染___________
④感染上······___________
⑤小心把伤口清理干净，这样不会被感染。
Clean the wound cautiously so it___________.
5．subscribe v．认购（股份）；定期订购；定期交纳（会费）→___________n.订阅者→___________n.订阅（费）
①同意；赞同___________
②赞同一个理论___________
③订阅杂志___________
④办理订阅___________
⑤我个人从来都不同意一种性别比另一种性别优越的观点。
I've personally never___________that either sex is superior to the other.
6．suspect vt．＆ vi．怀疑；疑有；不信任n．犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象→___________n.怀疑→___________adj.感觉可疑的
①怀疑某人某事___________
②警告某人某事___________
③控告某人某事___________
④治愈某人的某种疾病___________
⑤告知某人某事___________
⑥使某人相信某事___________
⑦我最好的朋友怀疑我泄露了她的秘密。
My best friend___________
7．blame vt．把······归咎于；责怪；指责n．责备；指责
①因（做）某事而责备某人___________
②把某事归咎于某人___________
③应（为······）承担责任，该（为······）受责备___________
④对某事负责／承担责任___________
8．link n．联系；纽带vt．把······连接起来；相关联
①把······和······连接起来___________
②与······有联系／有关___________
③······和······之间的联系___________
④儿童的行为与其父母的教育存在着密切的联系。
There is ___________their parents' education.
9．decrease n．减少；降低；减少量vt． ＆vi．（使大小、数量等）减少；减小；降低→___________v.增加，增长n.增加，增长
①减少到___________
②减少了___________
③在减少___________
④在增加___________
⑤参观人数一直在稳步下降。
There_________________________________.
10．transform vt．使改观；使改变形态vi．改变；转变
①把······（从·······）变为······___________
②用······来改变······___________
③我充分意识到，是在国外的生活经历完全改变了我。
I'm fully aware that it's the experience from my life abroad___________
11．cast vt（cast，cast）投射；向······投以（视线、笑容等）；投掷
①研究克隆的科学家们发现多莉得的疾病更容易发生在老年的羊身上，这使他们很沮丧。
Cloning scientists___________to find that Dolly's illnesses were more appropriate to much older sheep.
②他的尖锐言论和悲观态度给会议蒙上了阴影。
His sharp remarks and pessimistic attitude______________________.
12．pour vz．倒出；倾泻；斟（饮料）
①把······倒人······中___________
②（雨）倾盆而下___________
③下滂沱大雨___________
④请在两个盘子里倒少许酱汁，然后把肉摆放整齐。
Please ___________a pool of sauce on two plates and arrange the meat neatly.
13．defend vt．保卫；防守；辩解→n.防御，保护，保卫；防御物
①保卫······免受······___________
②为某人辩护___________
③对······的防御物___________
④每个能够参加战斗的男子现在都致力于保卫这条山脊。
Every man who could fight is now committed to ___________the ridge.
14．gifted adj．有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的→___________n.天赋，天才，才能
①在······方面有天赋／才华___________
②具有······___________
③有·····天赋___________
④He has a sense of humour,and is___________(gift) with a sharp business brain.
15．shift n．改变；转换；轮班vi．＆vt．转移；挪动；转向
①轮班工作___________
②把······从······移动／搬到······___________
③他停了下来，将手杖移到左手。
He stopped,____________________________________________.
答案 1．severely ①severe coldness ②severe injuries③ severe social problems ④ severe damage⑤ severely
2.frustrate;frustrating ①get frustrated ② be frustrated at③ frustrating ④ feel disappointed or frustrated
3. contradict; contradiction; self-contradictory① contradictory messages
② contradictory statements
4.infect;infectious ① have/get an infection ② suffer from an infection ③ treat an infection ④ be infected with ⑤ doesn't get infected
5.subscriber; subscription ① subscribe to ② subscribe to a theory ③ subscribe to a magazine ④ take out a subscription ⑤ subscribed to the view
6.suspicion;suspicious ①suspect sb.of sth. ② warn sb.of sth. ③ accuse sb.of sth. ④cure sb.of sth.⑤inform sb.of sth. ⑥ convince sb. of sth.⑦ suspected me of giving away her secret
7.① blame sb.for(doing) sth. ② put/lay the blame forsth.on sb./blame sth.on sb. ③ be to blame(for...)
④accept/bear/take the blame for sth.
8.①link..to/with../link..and...(together) ②be linkedwith/to ③ links between...and... ④ a close link betweenthe children's behaviour and
9. increase ① decrease to ② decrease by ③ on thedecrease ④ on the increase ⑤ has been a steadydecrease in the number of visitors
10.① transform... (from sth. ) into sth. ② transform...with... ③ that has totally transformed me
11.① were cast down ② cast a shadow over/on the meeting
12. ①pour..into... ② pour down ③ pour with rain④pour
13.defence ①defend...against/from... ② in one'sdefence ③a defence against ④defending
14.git ① be gifted in/at ② be gifted with... ③ have agift/talent/genius for ④ gifted
15. ① working in shifts ② shift...from...to... ③ shiftinghis walking stick to his left hand
二 、重点短语
1．once and for all 最终地；彻底地
above all最重要的是；尤其是
①首先（强调顺序）___________
②___________（＝in total＝altogether）总共
③___________毕竟，终究
④___________到底，根本
⑤___________一点儿也（不），完全（不）
⑥这是回报的时刻。我最终证明了我能成为冠军。
This is payback time.I've proved______________________
⑦我们上学最重要的是学会如何学习，这样，当我们离开学校时，我们就能继续学习。
We go to school,,to learn how to learn,so that when we have left school, we can continue tol earn.
2．thanks to幸亏；由于
①___________因为；由于
=___________
=___________
=___________
②多亏了那位教授，我喜欢上了英语，并且对自己有了信心。
___________the professor, I fell in love with English and had confidence in myself.
3．break out（战争、打斗等不愉快的事情）突然开始；爆发
①强行进入；插话，打断___________
②强行闯入；突然开始（笑、唱等）___________
③分解；出故障；（计划等）失败；垮掉___________
④克服；突破___________
⑤解散；（关系）破裂___________
⑥战争爆发时他毫不犹豫地参了军。
He joined the army without hesitation___________。
4．in charge of 主管；掌管（短语介词）
①负责，主管（短语动词）___________
②为某物向某人收费___________
③指控某人某事___________
④免费___________
⑤眼下这个有强烈责任感的人负责学校的工作。
The man who has a strong sense of responsibility ___________at present.
5．come down 患（病）；染上（小病）
①可归结为；（风俗、习惯等）流传到___________
②如果有人不幸得了传染病，他应该进行自我隔离。
If someone unluckily______________________，he should keep himself separated.
答案 1．①first of all ② in all ③ after al1 ④ at all⑤(not) at all ⑥ once and for all I can become the champion ⑦ above all
2.① because of; due to; on account of; owing to ②Thanks to
3.① break in ② break into ③ break down ④ breakthrough ⑤ break up ⑥ when the war broke out
4.① take charge of ② charge sb. for sth. ③charge sb. with sth. ④ free of charge ⑤ is in charge of the school's work
5.① come down to ② comes down with an infection
三 重点句式
1．have sth．done 使某事被······（可能是主语自己做，也可能是让别人做）
教材原句
①于是，他让人拆掉了水泵的把手，这样水泵就用不成了。Accordingly,he ______________________so that it could not be used.
句式仿写
②我们把机器修好了，结果我们按时完成了任务。
We___________the task on time.
2．the way＋定语从句
教材原句
①此外，通过使用地图和数据，斯诺改变了科学家研究疾病的方式。
Moreover, in his use of maps and statistics,Snow transformed___________scientists study diseases.句式仿写
②对于他们处理调查的方式我们唯有赞赏。
We___________the investigation.
3．should have done 过去本应该做（而实际上未做）
教材原句
①这个时候你本应该冷静下来，开始做一些扎实的工作。
This was when you___________and got down to doing some solid work.
句式仿写
②你早就应该告诉我这个事故。
You___________about the accident before.
4．since 引导原因状语从句
教材原句
①他因患病致使其大部分肌肉萎缩无力，他的世界变成了
一个抽象思维的世界。
______________________which caused him to lose the use of most of his muscles, his world became one of abstract thought.
句式仿写
②我永远都在减肥，因为我很容易长胖。
I'm forever on a diet,_________________________________.
答案 1．①had the handle of the pump removed ② had the
machine repaired so that we completed
2.① the way ② have nothing but praise for the way they
handled
3.① should have calmed down ②should have told me
4. ① Since he came down with a disease ② since I put on
weight easily