第三部分 专题一 第1讲
A
(2023·山西省高三一模)
For LaFont, a bike was always a vehicle of opportunity.Growing up in a poor family, he and his brother often 1. to and from school.The passion continued into his college days.He would also spend hours 2. his bike in his front lawn.
In 2010, 3. by local kids who gathered in his 4. for tips, tools, and bike parts, LaFont 5. “Front Yard Bike Shop”．
Then LaFont became a full-time middle school history teacher, and every year, he saw the number of 6. in his bike program increasing.As a teacher, he also saw how eagerly young people in his classroom needed a safe after-school space before they become 7. or lazybones instead.
In 2015, LaFont turned Front Yard Bikes into a 8. operation and left his teaching job to 9. all his time to it.“That was quite a(n) 10. ，” he said.“But I thought it was 11. .”
Today, Front Yard Bikes is a place where students 12. and learn to saw, drill, measure, cut and where they learn to paint, design, and plan.
LaFont recently opened a bike repair shop where older students can get certified in mechanics, receive hands-on training and gain employment at the store to help 13. their resume(简历)for future work.
Front Yard Bikes 14. nearly 400 young people a year.To date, 50 students have been certified in mechanics, and 2,000 kids have 15. from the program.
1.A．drove B．walked
C．biked D．skated
2.A．repairing B．pushing
C．selling D．cleaning
3.A．guided B．inspired
C．ordered D．touched
4.A．school B．store
C．yard D．garden
5.A．contacted B．imagined
C．joined D．formed
6.A．users B．employees
C．participants D．workers
7.A．fundraisers B．troublemakers
C．bookworms D．shopkeepers
8.A．full-time B．non-profit
C．trading D．public
9.A．adjust B．devote
C．spare D．limit
10.A．blessing B．luck
C．opportunity D．risk
11.A．creative B．available
C．secure D．meaningful
12.A．show up B．drop by
C．hang about D．check out
13.A．build B．submit
C．send D．update
14.A．unite B．employ
C．serve D．select
15.A．learned B．benefited
C．recovered D．graduated
【语篇解读】 本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位名叫LaFont的历史老师辞职后通过创建“前院自行车商店”，给当地数以百计的孩子提供了锻炼和就业的机遇的故事。
1．C 考查动词辨析。句意：生长在一个贫穷的家庭，他和他的兄弟经常骑车上下学。A．drove驾驶；B.walked走路；C.biked骑车；D.skated滑冰。根据后文“He would also spend hours 2. his bike in his front lawn.”可知，他是骑自行车上下学的。故选C。
2．A 考查动词辨析。句意：他会花几个小时的时间在前面的草坪上修理自行车。A．repairing修理；B.pushing推；C.selling卖；D.cleaning清洁。根据后文“In 2010, 3. by local kids who gathered in his 4. for tips, tools, and bike parts, LaFont 5. ‘Front Yard Bike Shop’．”当地的孩子们会到他的院子里找工具、自行车零件等，以及他创建了“前院自行车商店”可推断出，LaFont经常花好几个小时修理自行车。故选A。
3．B 考查动词辨析。句意：在2010年，受到当地那些聚集在他庭院里寻求建议、工具和自行车部件的孩子们的启发，LaFont创建了“前院自行车商店”。A．guided指导；B.inspired启发；C.ordered命令；D.touched触摸。根据后文“by local kids who gathered in his 4. for tips, tools, and bike parts”以及下文“Front Yard Bike Shop”可知，当地的孩子经常会到他的院子里寻求建议、找工具、自行车零件等，因此推断LaFont创建“前院自行车商店”是受他们的启发。故选B。
4．C 考查名词辨析。句意：在2010年，受到当地那些聚集在他庭院里寻求建议、工具和自行车部件的孩子们的启发，LaFont创建了“前院自行车商店”。A．school学校；B.store商店；C.yard庭院；D.garden花园。根据“前院自行车商店”这个名字，推断出孩子们到LaFont的院子里寻求建议。故选C。
5．D 考查动词辨析。句意：在2010年，受到当地那些聚集在他庭院里寻求建议、工具和自行车部件的孩子们的启发，LaFont创建了“前院自行车商店”。A．contacted联系；B.imagined想象；C.joined参加；D.formed建立。根据后文“he saw the number of 6. in his bike program increasing”说明“前院自行车商店”是一个LaFont创建的自行车项目。故选D。
6．C 考查名词辨析。句意：接下来LaFont成了一个全职中学历史老师，每年他看着参加他的自行车项目的人员数量在上涨。A．users使用者；B.employees雇员；C.participants参与者；D.workers工人。根据后文“his bike program”可知，“前院自行车商店”是一个自行车项目，根据常识，参加项目的人应称为参与者。故选C。
7．B 考查名词辨析。句意：作为一名老师，他也看到在他班里的年轻人在他们变成制造麻烦的人或者是懒骨头之前是多么迫切地需要一个安全的课后空间。A．fundraisers资金筹集者；B.troublemakers惹麻烦的人；C.bookworms书虫；D.shopkeepers店员。根据后文“or lazybones”可知，or表示选择关系，懒骨头是贬义词，“制造麻烦的人”也是贬义词，符合题意。故选B。
8．A 考查形容词辨析。句意：在2015年LaFont把“前院自行车”变成了全职经营并且离开了他的教学工作把所有的时间奉献在这件事情上。A．full-time全职的；B.non-profit非盈利的；C.trading贸易的；D.public公共的。根据后文“left his teaching job to 9. all his time to it”可知，LaFont辞职后把自己的时间都投入在这个公司上，说明他把“前院自行车”变成了全职经营的项目。故选A。
9．B 考查动词辨析。句意：在2015年LaFont把“前院自行车”变成了全职经营并且离开了他的教学工作把所有的时间奉献在这件事情上。A．adjust调节；B.devote奉献；C.spare抽出；D.limit限制。根据前文“left his teaching job”可知，LaFont辞去他的工作是为了把所有的时间奉献在“前院自行车”这个项目上。故选B。
10．D 考查名词辨析。句意：他说“那是非常冒险的事情。”A．blessing祝福；B.luck运气；C.opportunity机会；D.risk风险。根据前文“left his teaching job”可知，LaFont辞去了历史老师的工作，因此推断他没有了工作全职经营这个项目是一件有风险的事情。故选D。
11．D 考查形容词辨析。句意：但是我认为它是有意义的。A．creative有创造力的；B.available可获得的；C.secure安全的；D.meaningful有意义的。根据后文“Today, Front Yard Bikes is a place where students 12. and learn to saw, drill, measure, cut and where they learn to paint, design, and plan.”可知，现如今“前院自行车”变成了学生们学习技能的地方，这是有意义的事情，推断出LaFont认为“前院自行车”是有意义的。故选D。
12．A 考查动词短语辨析。句意：现如今“前院自行车”是一个学生出现并学习拉锯、钻研、测量和切割的地方，并且在那里他们学习绘画、设计和计划。A．show up出现；B.drop by顺便拜访；C.hang about徘徊；D.check out检查。根据后文“learn to saw, drill, measure, cut and where they learn to paint, design, and plan”可知，学生们要出现在“前院自行车”这个地方去学习钻研、绘画等技能。故选A。
13．A 考查动词辨析。句意：LaFont最近开了一家自行车修理店，年长的学生可以在那里获得机械师资格证书，接受手工实践培训，并在店里找到工作，帮助他们为将来的工作建立简历。A．build建立；B.submit上交；C.send发送；D.update更新。根据前文“LaFont recently opened a bike repair shop where older students can get certified in mechanics, receive hands-on training and gain employment at the store ”可知，年龄大一点的孩子可以在自行车修理店得到技工证书、接受手工实践培训，并在店里找到工作，根据常识，简历上有工作经验和技术对未来找工作有利，所以这些在自行车商店学到的技能可以建立在简历上。故选A。
14．C 考查动词辨析。句意：“前院自行车”每年为将近400名年轻人服务。A．unite联合；B.employ雇佣；C.serve服务；D.select挑选。根据前文“LaFont recently opened a bike repair shop where older students can get certified in mechanics, receive hands-on training and gain employment”可知，“前院自行车”可以帮助孩子们学习技术获得证书等，推断出它是为人们提供服务的。故选C。
15．B 考查动词辨析。句意：迄今为止，已有50名学生获得了机械专业的资格认证，2 000名学生从该项目中受益。A．learned学习；B.benefited受益；C.recovered恢复；D.graduated毕业。根据前文“LaFont recently opened a bike repair shop where older students can get certified in mechanics, receive hands-on training and gain employment at the store”可知，LaFont的“前院自行车”让人们获得证书和技能甚至是工作，这些都是人们从中受到的益处。故选B。
B
(2023·辽宁省部分重点高中协作体高三三模)
It was just three days from Thanksgiving, and my husband, Gerald, and I were on our first tour across the Canadian prairies.1. , I knew we would be away for Thanksgiving, but the reality of it didn't really 2. on me before we hit the road.Now, we had to spend Thanksgiving with strangers.
We 3. in front of a small, lakeside house, mildly 4. .Would it be okay to disturb others on this private celebration As we 5. into Betty and Gary's home, we were immediately met with 6. .The wood stove took every bit of chill out of the air, and the smell of food 7. us like a soft blanket.We gathered around the table.Our anxiety 8. away as we were drawn into this circle of friendship.We told stories, shared laughs, and as the day called us to, gave 9. .
We thought we were going to spend Thanksgiving with strangers, but we really didn't.Something 10. happens when good food is 11. shared around an open table.Conversations begin.12. starts to flow.Divisions disappear.Relationships are 13. .Through the simple act of sharing a meal together, we discover we're 14. by our desire to love, our need for 15. , and our common humanity.What a perfect way to celebrate Thanksgiving!
1.A．Basically B．Generally
C．Honestly D．Secretly
2.A．dawn B．call
C．reflect D．strike
3.A．dropped by B．headed off
C．pulled up D．set out
4.A．anxious B．annoyed
C．grateful D．scared
5.A．broke B．ran
C．stepped D．wandered
6.A．friends B．care
C．food D．warmth
7.A．comforted B．enveloped
C．flooded D．welcomed
8.A．melted B．passed
C．ran D．threw
9.A．gifts B．hugs
C．money D．thanks
10.A．mixed B．special
C．relaxing D．typical
11.A．generously B．patiently
C．casually D．cautiously
12.A．Belief B．Laughter
C．Music D．Noise
13.A．born B．exposed
C．fixed D．split
14.A．attached B．encouraged
C．connected D．touched
15.A．courage B．sympathy
C．freedom D．understanding
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了在感恩节前三天，作者和丈夫出发去穿越加拿大草原。在感恩节的时候他们不得不走进陌生人家中，想和他们一起过感恩节。作者和丈夫受到了陌生人的热情款待。作者从中感悟到：通过一起吃饭这个简单的行为，我们对爱的渴望，我们对理解的需要，以及我们共同的人性将我们联系在一起。
1．C 考查副词辨析。句意：老实说，我知道我们不会在家过感恩节，但是在我们上路之前，我并没有意识到这个事实。A．Basically基本上；B.Generally通常；C.Honestly老实说；D.Secretly秘密地。由下文“I knew we would be away for Thanksgiving, but the reality of it didn't really 2. on me before we hit the road”可知，作者承认自己知道不在家过感恩节，但是在出发前没有意识到这个问题会是什么样。故选C。
2．A 考查动词辨析。句意：老实说，我知道我们不会在家过感恩节，但是在我们上路之前，我并没有意识到这个事实。A．dawn变得明朗，开始清楚；B.call打电话；C.reflect深思；D.strike打击。由下文“on me before we hit the road”可知，作者没有意识到这个事实——即将要和陌生人过感恩节，dawn on sb.固定搭配，意为“某人逐渐明白；逐渐意识到”。故选A。
3．C 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们把车停在一座湖边的小房子前，有点焦虑。A．dropped by顺便拜访；B.headed off阻止；C.pulled up停车；D.set out出发。由上文“my husband, Gerald, and I were on our first tour across the Canadian prairies(我丈夫杰拉德和我第一次穿越加拿大草原)”和下文“into Betty and Gary's home”可知，作者和丈夫应该是开车去的。此处指将车停在一座湖边的小房子前，然后走进一家陌生的房子。故选C。
4．A 考查形容词辨析。句意：我们把车停在一座湖边的小房子前，有点焦虑。A．anxious焦虑的；B.annoyed生气的；C.grateful感恩的；D.scared害怕的。由下文“Would it be okay to disturb others on this private celebration？(在这个私人庆典上打扰别人可以吗？)”和下文“Our anxiety”可知，作者和丈夫感觉会打扰到别人，所以有些焦虑。故选A。
5．C 考查动词辨析。句意：当我们走进贝蒂和加里的家时，我们立刻得到了热情的接待。A．broke打破；B.ran跑步；C.stepped迈步；D.wandered漫游。由下文“into Betty and Gary's home, we were immediately met”可知，作者和丈夫迈步进入贝蒂和加里的家。故选C。
6．D 考查名词辨析。句意：当我们走进贝蒂和加里的家时，我们立刻得到了热情的接待。A．friends朋友；B.care关心；C.food食物；D.warmth热情。由下文“We gathered around the table.”和“We told stories, shared laughs, and as the day called us to”可知，作者和丈夫受到了热情款待。故选D。
7．B 考查动词辨析。句意：木制的炉子把空气中的寒气都驱散了，食物的气味像柔软的毯子一样覆盖在我们身上。A．comforted安慰；B.enveloped覆盖；C.flooded淹没；D.welcomed欢迎。由下文“like a soft blanket”可知，此处指像毯子一样覆盖在身上。故选B。
8．A 考查动词辨析。句意：当我们被拉进这个友谊的圈子时，我们的焦虑消失了。A．melted消失；B.passed通过；C.ran跑步；D.threw扔。由下文“as we were drawn into this circle of friendship”可知，作者和丈夫融进这个友谊的圈子，所以感觉焦虑都消失了，melt away是固定搭配，意为“消失”。故选A。
9．D 考查名词辨析。句意：我们讲故事，分享欢笑，随着时间的召唤，我们表示感谢。A．gifts礼物；B.hugs拥抱；C.money钱；D.thanks感谢。根据上文可知，作者和丈夫受到贝蒂和加里夫妇的热情款待，所以对他们表示感谢。故选D。
10．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：当好吃的食物在开放的餐桌上慷慨地被分享时，一些特别的事情就会发生。A．mixed混合的；B.special特别的；C.relaxing令人放松的；D.typical典型的。由下文“Divisions disappear.Relationships are 13. .”并结合上文提到的作者和陌生一家通过在一起过感恩节，刚开始感到焦虑，随后关系很好可知，作者认为这是很特别的事。故选B。
11．A 考查副词辨析。句意：当好吃的食物在开放的餐桌上慷慨地被分享时，一些特别的事情就会发生。A．generously慷慨地；B.patiently耐心地；C.casually随意地；D.cautiously谨慎地。由下文“shared around an open table”和上文提到贝蒂和加里夫妇热情款待作者和丈夫可知，此处指好吃的食物在餐桌上慷慨地被分享。故选A。
12．B 考查名词辨析。句意：笑声开始流淌。A．Belief信念；B.Laughter笑声；C.Music音乐；D.Noise噪声。由上文“shared laughs”可知，此处指笑声。故选B。
13．A 考查形容词辨析。句意：感情产生了。A．born产生的；B.exposed暴露的；C.fixed固定的；D.split分裂的。由上文“Divisions disappear.”可知，分歧消失，所以感情产生。故选A。
14．C 考查动词辨析。句意：通过一起吃饭这个简单的行为，我们发现我们被我们对爱的渴望、我们对理解的需要以及我们共同的人性联系在一起。A．attached系；B.encouraged鼓励；C.connected连接；D.touched触摸。由下文“by our desire to love”和上文提到作者和丈夫在陌生人家中愉快地度过感恩节可知，我们对爱的渴望将我们联系在一起。故选C。
15．D 考查名词辨析。句意：通过一起吃饭这个简单的行为，我们发现我们被我们对爱的渴望、我们对理解的需要以及我们共同的人性联系在一起。A．courage勇气；B.sympathy同情；C.freedom自由；D.understanding理解。由上文“Divisions disappear.”和上文提到的作者和丈夫受到陌生人的热情款待可知，对爱的渴望、对理解的需要以及共同的人性将作者和丈夫与贝蒂和加里夫妇联系在一起。故选D。
C
(2023·吉林省白山市高三一模)
When I was young, my family had trouble with money.My parents worked at a restaurant, and I often helped them.One day, a newcomer ordered a meal, but had no money on him.He asked if he could pay another time, and asked me what my 1. was.Although I felt a little strange, I agreed and told him to call me “Angela”．After that, the 2. man was nowhere to be seen.I 3. everywhere and even asked everyone at the restaurant if they had seen him.My mom said I had been sitting 4. , talking to myself, “Where can I find him？” Sometimes, she couldn't help shouting, “Are you out of your 5. There was no one around you.”
That night, my mom was 6. .She told me that my grandma had passed away and that the rent on our apartment had gone up.Choking up, she said, “I don't know how to 7. the funeral expenses and the high rent.” I 8. her I would help pick up the odds and ends.Then I went to check our mailbox, but I found nothing.
My mom told me to check the mailbox again.I 9. in it and pulled out two huge envelopes.She opened one, only to find the big 10. for our apartment.She then walked into her room, saying she was afraid to 11. the other.
I looked at it and saw this: Dear Angela, Love, Your Friend.I tore it open and emptied the 12. onto the bed.There were some checks, all 13. to me.Later, I learned my strange 14. from the restaurant sent it.15. the valuable checks, we got through the difficult time.
1.A．wish B．number
C．duty D．name
2.A．ugly B．familiar
C．odd D．mad
3.A．searched B．hesitated
C．begged D．wandered
4.A．patiently B．calmly
C．asleep D．alone
5.A．wages B．senses
C．life D．way
6.A．whispering B．weeping
C．waiting D．chatting
7.A．predict B．present
C．afford D．announce
8.A．assured B．stroke
C．forgave D．annoyed
9.A．cut B．poured
C．broke D．reached
10.A．lock B．bill
C．ownership D．description
11.A．make B．shut
C．believe D．handle
12.A．contents B．coins
C．packs D．clothes
13.A．restored B．known
C．addressed D．acknowledged
14.A．staff B．manager
C．customer D．relative
15.A．On account of B．Apart from
C．Instead of D．In spite of
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者小时候，家里的经济拮据，父母在一家饭店打工，作者经常帮父母。一次一位顾客定了餐，却没有钱付。他问作者的名字并答应下次会付钱。此时，作者家里正面对危机：奶奶去世的葬礼费和房租的上涨，妈妈为此愁眉苦脸。在作者查看他们家的邮箱时，发现两封信，其中一封里装着那位顾客寄给作者的钱。正是这些钱帮助作者一家渡过了难关。
1．D 考查名词辨析。句意：他问我能不能下次再付，还问我叫什么名字。A．wish愿望；B.number数字；C.duty职责；D.name名字。根据下文“I agreed and told him to call me ‘Angela’”可知，他问我的名字。故选D。
2．C 考查形容词辨析。句意：在那之后，那个奇怪的人就不见了。A．ugly丑陋的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.odd奇怪的；D.mad疯狂的。根据上文“I felt a little strange”可知，这个人很奇怪。故选C。
3．A 考查动词辨析。句意：我到处找，甚至问餐厅里的每个人有没有见过他。A．searched搜索；B.hesitated犹豫；C.begged祈求；乞讨；D.wandered徘徊。根据下文“Where can I find him？”可知，此处指我到处寻找。故选A。
4．D 考查副词辨析。句意：我妈妈说我一直一个人坐着，自言自语，“我在哪儿能找到他？”A．patiently耐心地；B.calmly冷静地；
C．asleep睡着地；D.alone独自地。根据下文“There was no one around you.”可知，此处指我一个人坐着。故选D。
5．B 考查名词辨析。句意：有时候，她会忍不住大叫：“你疯了吗？你身边没有人。”A．wages工资；B.senses感觉；C.life 生活；D.way方式。根据下文“There was no one around you.”可知，作者旁边没有人，但妈妈听作者自言自语，所以妈妈认为作者是失去理智了。故选B。
6．B 考查动词辨析。句意：那天晚上，妈妈在哭。A．whispering低语；B.weeping哭泣；C.waiting等待；D.chatting聊天。根据下文“She told me that my grandma had passed away”可知，奶奶去世了，妈妈伤心地哭。故选B。
7．C 考查动词辨析。句意：她哽咽着说：“我不知道如何支付葬礼费用和高昂的房租。”A．predict预测；B.present呈现；介绍；C.afford支付得起；D.announce宣布。根据下文“the funeral expenses and the high rent”可知，支付葬礼费用和高的房租。故选C。
8．A 考查动词辨析。句意：我向她保证我会帮她收拾残局。A．assured保证；担保；B.stroke打击；罢工；C.forgave原谅；D.annoyed惹恼。结合上文“Choking up, she said, ‘I don't know how to 7. the funeral expenses and the high rent.’”与下文“I would help pick up the odds and ends”可知，在妈妈对我们糟糕的处境难过时，我安慰她并向她保证说自己会帮忙。故选A。
9．D 考查动词辨析。句意：我把手伸进去，拿出两个大信封。cut in打断(谈话)；poured in大量涌入；broke in打断；闯入；reached in到达。根据上文“My mom told me to check the mailbox again.”及下文“ in it and pulled out two huge envelopes”可知，我按照妈妈的要求到邮箱查看。故选D。
10．B 考查名词辨析。句意：她打开了一个信封，结果发现我们公寓的大账单。A．lock锁；B.bill账单；C.ownership所有权；D.description描述。根据上文“the rent on our apartment had gone up”可知，信封里装着房租的费用的单子。故选B。
11．D 考查动词辨析。句意：然后她走进她的房间，说她不敢处理另一个。A．make制作；B.shut关闭；C.believe相信；D.handle处理；解决。结合上文“She opened one”可知，妈妈害怕打开另一个信封，即解决信这个难题。故选D。
12．A 考查名词辨析。句意：我把它撕开，把里面的东西倒在床上。A．contents内容；内件；B.coins硬币；C.packs包裹；D.clothes衣服。根据上文“I tore it open and emptied”可知，我撕开信封后应该是把信封里的东西都放在床上。故选A。
13．C 考查动词辨析。句意：有一些支票，都是寄给我的。A．restored修复；B.known知道；
C．addressed写(收信人)姓名地址；D.acknowledged承认。结合上文“I agreed and told him to call me ‘Angela’”及下文“to me”可知，这些支票上写的都是我的名字。故选C。
14．C 考查名词辨析。句意：后来，我得知这是我的那位陌生顾客寄来的。A．staff全体工作人员；B.manager经理；C.customer顾客；D.relative亲戚。根据上文“One day, a newcomer ordered a meal, but had no money on him.He asked if he could pay another time”可知，这是那位之前答应付钱的顾客寄来的。故选C。
15．A 考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于那些有价值的支票，我们度过了困难时期。A．On account of 因为；由于；B.Apart from除……之外；C.Instead of 代替；而不是；D.In spite of尽管。根据下文“the valuable checks, we got through the difficult time”可知，那些支票帮我们度过了困难时期，所以此处表示原因。故选A。
D
(2023·安徽省安庆市高考二模)
One day I was approaching several massive creatures when I came to a sudden stop.It was well beyond me that these huge animals should be limited by only some ropes.It was 1. that the animals could easily escape from these small ropes tied to their front legs.However, 2. , they did not.I spotted a 3. close by and wondered why the elephants just 4. where they were and had no intention to break away.
“Well，” he replied, “as they're very 5. we tie them with the same 6. rope and it's enough to 7. them for their age.As they grow up, they're 8. to hold the belief that they can never run away.They think the ropes are bound to 9. hold them, so they do not struggle to break free.” I was 10. .The large animals could easily move away from their 11. but they felt they couldn't, so they were 12. right there.
In our life a number of people are 13. with the same wrong self-limiting belief—I'm not excellent enough or why try it if I'm not going to 14. it.However, we oughtn't to 15. our capability, talent and potential.Instead, we should believe in ourselves.After all, we need to change with the times and think outside the box.
1.A．important B．obvious
C．necessary D．hopeful
2.A．at that time B．from then on
C．in that case D．for some reason
3.A．trainer B．teacher
C．doctor D．businessman
4.A．slept B．ate
C．stood D．relaxed
5.A．thin B．young
C．weak D．ill
6.A．size B．colour
C．style D．length
7.A．attract B．train
C．cheat D．hold
8.A．encouraged B．conditioned
C．taught D．forced
9.A．still B．even
C．just D．hardly
10.A．thrilled B．interested
C．shocked D．disappointed
11.A．owners B．thoughts
C．habitats D．bonds
12.A．stuck B．killed
C．sold D．fed
13.A．laughed at B．told off
C．brought up D．relied on
14.A．mean B．catch
C．get D．make
15.A．control B．underestimate
C．ignore D．develop
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章结合作者看到大象被细绳绑住但不逃脱的原因的解释，提到了生活中也有一些类似的人，他们低估自己的能力、才能和潜力，认为自己不会成功。最后作者说明，我们应该相信自己，需要与时俱进，跳出思维定势。
1．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：很明显，这些动物可以很容易地从绑在它们前腿上的这些细绳子中逃脱。A．important重要的；B.obvious显而易见的；C.necessary必需的；D.hopeful有希望的。根据前文“these huge animals should be limited by only some ropes”可知，对于大型动物而言，轻松地从束缚它们的细绳逃脱是显而易见的。故选B。
2．D 考查介词短语辨析。句意：然而，因为某种原因，他们没有。A．at that time当时；B.from then on从那之后；C.in that case假如那样的话；D.for some reason因为某种原因。结合前文“the animals could easily escape from these small ropes tied to their front legs”及“they did not”可知，这些大型动物摆脱束缚它们的绳子很容易，然而不知什么原因它们没有。故选D。
3．A 考查名词辨析。句意：我发现一位驯象师就在附近，不明白为什么大象只是站在原地，没有打算逃跑。A．trainer训练员；驯兽师；B.teacher老师；C.doctor医生；D.businessman商人。结合下文作者向该人询问动物不逃走的原因可知，该人是熟悉动物知识的人，应当是动物园中的驯兽师。故选A。
4．C 考查动词辨析。句意：我发现一位驯象师就在附近，不明白为什么大象只是站在原地，没有打算逃跑。A．slept睡觉；B.ate吃；C.stood站立；D.relaxed放松。结合后面“had no intention to break away”可知，大象仅仅站在自己被拴住的地方。故选C。
5．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：“好吧，”他回答说，“因为它们很小，我们用同样大小的绳子把它们绑起来，这对它们的年龄来说足够了。”A．thin瘦的；B.young年轻的；C.weak虚弱的；D.ill生病的。根据下文“As they grow up”可知，当它们还小的时候，它们就被用同样的绳子绑起来。故选B。
6．A 考查名词辨析。句意：“好吧，”他回答说，“因为它们很小，我们用同样大小的绳子把它们绑起来，这对它们的年龄来说足够了。”A．size大小；尺寸；B.color颜色；C.style风格；样式；D.length长度。根据上文“small ropes”可知，这里指绳子的型号，尺寸。故选A。
7．D 考查动词辨析。句意：“好吧，”他回答说，“因为它们很小，我们用同样大小的绳子把它们绑起来，这对它们的年龄来说足够了。”A．attract吸引；B.train培训；C.cheat欺骗；D.hold扣留。根据下文“hold them”可知，这些绳子可以绑住它们，hold是原词复现。故选D。
8．B 考查动词辨析。句意：随着他们的成长，它们习惯于坚信自己永远不能逃跑。A．encouraged鼓励；B.conditioned使习惯于；C.taught教导；D.forced迫使。根据前文可知，在大象小的时候，它们就被用绳索绑住，所以到它们长大后，它们就习惯了自己永远无法逃走的想法。习惯用法be conditioned to do sth.意为“习惯于做某事”。故选B。
9．A 考查副词辨析。句意：他们认为绳子一定仍然会绑住他们，所以它们不会挣扎着挣脱。A．still仍旧；B.even甚至；C.just恰好；D.hardly几乎不。根据前文“hold the belief that they can never run away”可知，大象小时候被绳子束缚着，所以它们长大后认为，绳子依然会束缚住它们。故选A。
10．C 考查形容词辨析。句意：我感到很震惊。A．thrilled激动的；B.interested感兴趣的；C.shocked震惊的；D.disappointed失望的。驯兽员给作者讲大象不逃脱的原因，作者应该是感到吃惊的。故选C。
11．D 考查名词辨析。句意：大型动物可以很容易地摆脱它们的束缚，但是它们觉得它们不能，所以它们被困在了那里。A．owners主人；拥有者；B.thoughts想法；C.habitats栖息地；D.bonds绳索；镣铐。根据前文“the animals could easily escape from these small ropes tied to their front legs”可知，这些大型动物可以很轻松地摆脱绳子的束缚。故选D。
12．A 考查动词辨析。句意：大型动物可以很容易地摆脱它们的束缚，但是它们觉得它们不能，所以它们被困在了那里。A．stuck困住；B.killed杀死；C.sold出售；D.fed饲养。根据上文“had no intention to break away”可知，它们没有打算逃走，说明它们应该是被困在原地。故选A。
13．C 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在我们的生活中，有许多人都是带着同样错误的自我限制信念长大的——我不够优秀，或者如果我不能成功，为什么要尝试呢？ A．laughed at嘲笑；B.told off斥责；C.brought up抚养；D.relied on依赖。根据上文讲述大象被绳子束缚可知，我们中的许多人也像大象那样被抚养长大。故选C。
14．D 考查动词辨析。句意：在我们的生活中，有许多人都是带着同样错误的自我限制信念长大的——我不够优秀，或者如果我不能成功，为什么要尝试呢？ A．mean意味着；B.catch抓住；C.get得到；D.make使得。大象认为它们无法逃脱束缚它们的绳子，所以也不尝试，自然无法摆脱，只能被困在原地。固定搭配make it意为“成功”。故选D。
15．B 考查动词辨析。句意：然而，我们不应该低估我们的能力、才能和潜力。A．control控制；B.underestimate低估；C.ignore忽视；D.develop发展。根据前文“I'm not excellent enough”可知，我们认为我们不够优秀，这是对我们自己能力的低估。故选B。第三部分 专题一 第2讲
A
(2023·福建省三明市高中毕业班三模)
Outside my office building, there would be a homeless man, standing by the road and waving at passers-by happily.
I would remember to 1. any spare change for him.Every time I saw him, I'd 2. roll down my window and give him the 3. .Occasionally the red light would be on for a/an 4. , long enough for us to 5. each other.His answer would always be “I am so happy and fine！” It 6. me that even in his situation he was so 7. , and his answer would remind me of how 8. I was.A mother of four amazing kids, with a place to call 9. and with a decent job.
Then one day my boss told me that I was being 10. due to the economy.A feeling of worry 11. me, so I didn't remember to keep my spare change like I usually did.12. there he was as always.I'd hoped to catch the 13. light, but I missed it.Aware of my black mood, he walked over with a smile and said, “Today I will give you a dollar.”He then reached into his pocket and 14. out a dollar bill.I burst into tears.
He taught me a valuable lesson: No matter what 15. things are taken from you, no one can take away your choice to be joyful.
1.A．gather B．donate
C．provide D．withdraw
2.A．quickly B．suddenly
C．frequently D．repeatedly
3.A．chance B．gifts
C．coins D．ride
4.A．second B．minute
C．hour D．instant
5.A．comfort B．contact
C．greet D．assist
6.A．concerned B．puzzled
C．excited D．amazed
7.A．energetic B．positive
C．modest D．persistent
8.A．greedy B．content
C．blessed D．envious
9.A．home B．house
C．community D．shelter
10.A．turned down B．laid off
C．cast down D．kicked off
11.A．freed B．swallowed
C．ruined D．escaped
12.A．Instead B．Otherwise
C．Therefore D．Yet
13.A．traffic B．red
C．yellow D．green
14.A．pulled B．held
C．gave D．figured
15.A．essential B．ordinary
C．material D．special
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者总是给公司附近的流浪汉零钱，流浪汉的乐观态度让作者震惊，后来，作者突然失业，他感到沮丧，但流浪汉乐观的态度让作者意识到无论失去什么样的物质性的东西，都要保持快乐。
1．A 考查动词辨析。句意：我会记得为他聚集任何零钱。A．gather聚集；B.donate捐赠；C.provide提供；D.withdraw撤退。根据下文“I didn't remember to keep my spare change like I usually did”可知，我往常会保留零钱，由此可知，我会为流浪汉聚集零钱，见到他时给他。故选A。
2．A 考查副词辨析。句意：每次我看到他，我都会迅速摇下窗户，把硬币递给他。A．quickly迅速地；B.suddenly突然；C.frequently频繁地；D.repeatedly重复地。根据下文“Occasionally the red light would be on for”可知，我是在等红灯时给他钱，由此可知，时间紧急，我会迅速摇下窗户。故选A。
3．C 考查名词辨析。句意：每次我看到他，我都会迅速摇下窗户，把硬币递给他。A．chance机会；B.gifts礼物；C.coins硬币；D.ride短途旅程。根据上文“I would remember to 1. any spare change for him.”可知，我为他聚集的是零钱，由此可知，我给他的是硬币。故选C。
4．B 考查名词辨析。句意：偶尔红灯会亮一分钟，时间足够我们互相问候。A．second秒；B.minute分钟；C.hour小时；D.instant瞬间。根据句中“the red light would be on”和生活常识可知，红灯有时会亮一分钟。故选B。
5．C 考查动词辨析。句意：偶尔红灯会亮一分钟，时间足够我们互相问候。A．comfort安慰；B.contact联系；C.greet打招呼；D.assist帮助。根据下文“I am so happy and fine！”可知，他会说“我很开心，很好！”，由此可知，两个人是在互相问候。故选C。
6．D 考查动词辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，即使在他的情况下，他也是如此积极，他的回答会让我想起我是多么的有福气。A．concerned涉及；B.puzzled使困惑；C.excited使兴奋；D.amazed使惊讶。根据上文“I am so happy and fine！”可知，即使无家可归，流浪街头，他仍然很乐观，由此可知，他的生活态度令我惊讶。故选D。
7．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，即使在他的情况下，他也是如此积极，他的回答会让我想起我是多么的有福气。A．energetic精力充沛的；B.positive积极的；C.modest谦虚的；D.persistent持久的。根据上文“I am so happy and fine！”可知，即使无家可归，流浪街头，他仍然开心地面对生活，由此可知，他是积极乐观的人。故选B。
8．C 考查形容词辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，即使在他的情况下，他也是如此积极，他的回答会让我想起我是多么的有福气。A．greedy贪婪的；B.content满意的；C.blessed有福的；D.envious嫉妒的。根据上文“I am so happy and fine！”可知，即使无家可归，流浪街头，他仍然很乐观，由此可知，与他的处境相比，我是有福气的，应该珍惜。故选C。
9．A 考查名词辨析。句意：我是一个有四个了不起孩子的母亲，有一个可以称之为家的地方，有一份体面的工作。A．home家；B.house房子；C.community社区；D.shelter避难所。根据空前“A mother of four amazing kids”和空后“a decent job”可知，句中在描述我所拥有的幸福生活，由此可知，我有一个可以称之为家的地方。故选A。
10．B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后有一天，我的老板告诉我，由于经济原因，我被解雇了。A．turned down拒绝；B.laid off解雇；C.cast down抛下；D.kicked off踢掉。根据空后“due to the economy”和下文“my black mood”可知，由于经济原因，我应该是被解雇了，所以状态不好。故选B。
11．B 考查动词辨析。句意：一种担忧的感觉吞噬了我，所以我不记得像往常一样保留零钱了。A．freed释放；B.swallowed吞下，吞噬；C.ruined毁坏；D.escaped逃跑。根据上文“Then one day my boss told me that I was being 10. due to the economy.”可知，我被解雇了，由此可知，因为失业，我被担忧的感觉吞噬了。故选B。
12．D 考查副词辨析。句意：然而，他还是一如既往。A．Instead代替；B.Otherwise否则；C.Therefore因此；D.Yet然而。根据上文“I didn't remember to keep my spare change like I usually did”和空后“he was as always”可知，上下文为转折关系，我不记得像往常一样给他零钱，然而，他还是一如既往。故选D。
13．D 考查名词辨析。句意：我本希望能赶上绿灯，但我没赶上。A．traffic交通；B.red红色；C.yellow黄色；D.green绿色。根据下文“but I missed it.Aware of my black mood”可知，but表转折，我的情绪糟糕，没赶上绿灯，还要等待。故选D。
14．A 考查动词辨析。句意：然后他把手伸进口袋，抽出一张一美元的钞票。A．pulled抽出；B.held拿着；C.gave给；D.figured计算。根据上文“Today I will give you a dollar.”可知，他要给我一美元，由此可知，他从口袋里抽出一张一美元的钞票。故选A。
15．C 考查形容词辨析。句意：他给了我一个宝贵的教训：无论从你身上夺走什么物质的东西，没有人能夺走你快乐的选择。A．essential本质的；B.ordinary普通的；C.material物质的；D.special特殊的。根据上文“Then one day my boss told me that I was being 10. due to the economy.”可知，我失业了，但即使失业，也要保持快乐，失业是失去物质性的东西，由此可知，无论从你身上夺走什么物质的东西，你也要保持快乐。故选C。
B
(2023·安徽省马鞍山市高三一模)
My name is Maggie and I am a big red maple tree in the center of Central Park in New York.Every part of me is 1. shaped.I love seeing all the people 2. , stare at me, and say “That tree is beautiful！” Those 3. make me feel special.
One day, I see a big storm 4. my way.I can hear all the frightening sounds nearing, but the most frightening one is the sound of almost half of my bark being torn off.I feel 5. .What will people think when they walk up to a worn-down tree in the 6. of Central Park Will they cut me down This thought makes my branches ache.
Hours later, when the storm 7. , a nice opossum (负鼠) family comes to me and asks 8. they can spend the night in one of my holes.The baby opossum is so cute that I can't 9. .Soon, round two of the storm comes.It 10. another part of my bark, but it doesn't 11. me as much because I have a distraction (分散注意力的事物): the opossum family.Other animals see my 12. act and come to me, too.Even though I feel great for 13. all the animals, I still haven't completely forgotten about what people might think about my 14. .Beyond all expectations, people love me even more for sheltering all those animals from the terrible storm.I will forever 15. that “beautiful” doesn't always refer to looks.
1.A．perfectly B．similarly
C．oddly D．randomly
2.A．wait B．stop
C．hesitate D．debate
3.A．noises B．trees
C．names D．words
4.A．heading B．choosing
C．exploring D．seeking
5.A．angry B．anxious
C．doubtful D．wonderful
6.A．front B．corner
C．middle D．back
7.A．blows up B．dies down
C．moves in D．draws near
8.A．if B．how
C．why D．when
9.A．decide B．stand
C．refuse D．move
10.A．picks out B．looks for
C．falls into D．tears off
11.A．block B．bother
C．dislike D．disappoint
12.A．friendly B．voluntary
C．foolish D．public
13.A．feeding B．recognizing
C．warning D．protecting
14.A．duties B．worries
C．looks D．hopes
15.A．regret B．wish
C．argue D．remember
【语篇解读】 本文为一篇夹叙夹议文。纽约中央公园中心的一棵完美的大红枫树在遭遇一场大风暴中破损不堪，但是它友善地保护向它求助的动物们，人们觉得它更美了。
1．A 考查副词辨析。句意：我的每一部分都完美无缺。A．perfectly完美地；B.similarly类似地；C.oddly奇怪地；D.randomly随机地。根据下文“I love seeing all the people 2. , stare at me, and say ‘That tree is beautiful！’”可知，人们之所以驻足赞赏这棵枫树，因为它的每个部分都是完美的。故选A。
2．B 考查动词辨析。句意：我喜欢看到所有的人停下来，盯着我，说“那棵树很漂亮！”A．wait等待；B.stop停止；C.hesitate犹豫；D.debate辩论。根据上文“My name is Maggie and I am a big red maple tree in the center of Central Park in New York.(我叫玛姬，是纽约中央公园中心的一棵大红枫树。)”可知，本文的“我”是纽约中央公园的一颗红枫树，游人们看见漂亮的枫树，会驻足观赏。故选B。
3．D 考查名词辨析。句意：这些话让我觉得自己很特别。A．noises噪音；B.trees树木；C.names名称；D.words话语。根据上文“I love seeing all the people 2. , stare at me, and say ‘That tree is beautiful！’”可知，是游客们对这棵枫树的赞赏的话令这棵树有了特别的感觉。故选D。
4．A 考查动词辨析。句意：一天，我看到一场大风暴朝我的方向袭来。A．heading朝(某方向)行进；B.choosing选择；C.exploring探索；D.seeking寻找。根据下文中的“hear all the frightening sounds nearing”可知，越来越近的风的声音表明风暴朝着枫树而来。故选A。
5．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：我感到焦虑。A．angry生气的；B.anxious焦虑的；C.doubtful怀疑的；D.wonderful精彩的。根据上文“I can hear all the frightening sounds nearing, but the most frightening one is the sound of almost half of my bark being torn off.(我能听到所有可怕的声音靠近，但最可怕的是我几乎一半的树皮被撕掉的声音。)”以及下文“What will people think when they walk up to a worn-down tree in the 6. of Central Park Will they cut me down？”可知，风暴损伤了这棵完美的树，使它很焦虑自己的形象。故选B。
6．C 考查名词辨析。句意：当人们走上中央公园中央的一棵破损的树时，他们会怎么想？A．front前面；B.corner拐角；C.middle中间；D.back后部。根据上文“My name is Maggie and I am a big red maple tree in the center of Central Park in New York.”中的in the center of可知，center为同义词复现，与middle同义。故选C。
7．B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：几个小时后，暴风雨平息了，一个可爱的负鼠家庭来找我，问我是否可以在我的洞里过夜。A．blows up爆炸；B.dies down消失；C.moves in移进；D.draws near接近。根据下文“Soon, round two of the storm comes.(很快，风暴的第二轮来了。)”可知，第一轮风暴逐渐平息后，负鼠开始找安身之处。故选B。
8．A 考查连接词辨析。句意：几个小时后，暴风雨平息了，一个可爱的负鼠家庭来找我，问我是否可以在我的洞里过夜。A．if是否；B.how如何；C.why为什么；D.when什么时候。根据句中的asks以及下文“The baby opossum is so cute that I can't 9. .”可知，这棵树同意负鼠一家住下。故选A。
9．C 考查动词辨析。句意：小负鼠太可爱了，我无法拒绝。A．decide决定；B.stand站立；C.refuse拒绝；D.move移动。根据上文“Hours later, when the storm 7. , a nice opossum (负鼠) family comes to me and asks 8. they can spend the night in one of my holes.”可知，对于负鼠的请求，枫树没有拒绝。故选C。
10．D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：它撕下了我的另一部分树皮，但这并没有太困扰我，因为我有一个分心的东西：负鼠家族。A．picks out挑出；B.looks for寻找；C.falls into落入；D.tears off撕掉。根据上文“I can hear all the frightening sounds nearing, but the most frightening one is the sound of almost half of my bark being torn off.”中的my bark being torn off 为复现词可知，此时的枫树皮都被撕掉了。故选D。
11．B 考查动词辨析。句意：它撕下了我的另一部分树皮，但这并没有太困扰我，因为我有一个分心的东西：负鼠家族。A．block阻塞；B.bother烦扰；C.dislike不喜欢；D.disappoint使失望。由上文“I feel 5. .What will people think when they walk up to a worn-down tree in the 6. of Central Park Will they cut me down？”可知，第二轮风暴来袭时，枫树不再像第一次风暴时那么为自己的形象烦恼，而是在担心树洞里的负鼠们。故选B。
12．A 考查形容词辨析。句意：其他动物看到我的友好行为，也来到我身边。A．friendly友好的；B.voluntary自愿的；C.foolish愚蠢的；D.public公众的。根据上文可知，枫树收留负鼠一家，在第二轮风暴中还在关心负鼠一家，属于友善的行为。故选A。
13．D 考查动词辨析。句意：尽管我为保护所有的动物而感到高兴，但我仍然没有完全忘记人们对我外表的看法。A．feeding喂食；B.recognizing识别；C.warning警告；D.protecting保护。根据上文“Other animals see my 12. act and come to me, too.”可知，动物们来投靠枫树，因为枫树能保护它们。故选D。
14．C 考查名词辨析。句意：尽管我为保护所有的动物而感到高兴，但我仍然没有完全忘记人们对我外表的看法。A．duties职责；B.worries担心；C.looks相貌；D.hopes希望。根据上文“I feel 5. .What will people think when they walk up to a worn-down tree in the 6. of Central Park ”以及下文“I will forever 15. that ‘beautiful’doesn't always refer to looks.”中的looks为复现词，树原本为了自己破损的外表很是烦恼。故选C。
15．D 考查动词辨析。句意：我会永远记住，“美丽”并不总是指外表。A．regret后悔；B.wish希望；C.argue争论；D.remember记住。根据上文“Beyond all expectations, people love me even more for sheltering all those animals from the terrible storm.(出乎意料的是，人们更爱我了，因为我在可怕的风暴中庇护了所有的动物。)”可知，枫树在经历了这次风暴之后，对于美的概念有了改观，尽管自己的样子不再像以前那么漂亮，但是它自愿地担当起保护动物门的责任，在人们的心里，它比以前更美。故选D。
C
(2023·辽宁省普通高中高三二模)
If you're the inspiration for a world-class athlete, you must be doing something right.For ultramarathoner (超级马拉松运动员) Harvey Lewis, that drive to run came from a local man who's been on the 1. for more than six decades.
A longtime runner at 99 years old, Mike Fremont is still 2. the pavement five miles at a time, three times a week, offering 3. to friends and strangers alike.
Fremont 4. running in 1958.He began running to relieve the 5. of being a single father of three young children.
In 2013 Fremont finished the Knoxville Half Marathon in 3：03：56 at the age of 91.
“The hills were horrendous (可怕的)，” Fremont 6. , but added that he felt fine throughout the race.
For the past 46 years, Fremont has been running through Sharon Woods, a local county park.He has made dozens of friends at the park throughout the years so many, 7. , that he decided to cut down the distance of his runs last year.
“I decided when I was 98 that it was taking me too 8. to do 10 miles with all the people I see and stop，” Fremont said.
Fremont 9. his longevity to healthy lifestyle and 10. of stress in his life.
“Training is 11. ，” he said, “but when you get to be my age, you're not going to be able to train at all 12. your body holds up.I 13. cannot overemphasize the importance of living a healthy life.”
When he's not running, it's competitive canoeing with friends.A 14. age of 178 in that one canoe.
“I love my life，” said Fremont.“It's 15. .”
1.A．road B．move
C．team D．stage
2.A．running B．walking
C．pounding D．jogging
3.A．disappointment B．admiration
C．excitement D．inspiration
4.A．took up B．took down
C．took in D．took out
5.A．feeling B．stress
C．emotion D．fear
6.A．recalled B．recognized
C．responded D．reminded
7.A．in the end B．as a result
C．after all D．in fact
8.A．old B．long
C．far D．high
9.A．distributes B．constitutes
C．substitutes D．attributes
10.A．lack B．presence
C．burden D．existence
11.A．funny B．meaningless
C．important D．dangerous
12.A．though B．because
C．unless D．where
13.A．roughly B．simply
C．truly D．generally
14.A．growing B．shared
C．combined D．amazing
15.A．wonderful B．miserable
C．comfortable D．desperate
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了超级马拉松运动员Harvey Lewis的灵感来源：99岁的长跑健将Mike Fremont——一个已经跑了60多年的当地人。
1．B 考查名词辨析。句意：对于超级马拉松运动员Harvey Lewis来说，跑步的动力来自于一个已经进行了60多年的当地人。A．road路；B.move移动；C.team团队；D.stage阶段，舞台。根据下文“In 2013 Fremont finished the Knoxville Half Marathon in 3：03：56 at the age of 91.”可知，Fremont跑步跑了60多年。固定搭配on the move表示“在活动中，在进行中”。故选B。
2．C 考查动词辨析。句意：99岁的长跑健将Mike Fremont，每周跑三次，每次跑5英里，给朋友和陌生人带来灵感。A．running跑步；B.walking走路；C.pounding脚步声沉重地走(跑)；D.jogging慢跑。固定搭配pound the pavement表示“跑步”。故选C。
3．D 考查名词辨析。句意：99岁的长跑健将Fremont，每周跑三次，每次跑5英里，给朋友和陌生人带来灵感。A．disappointment失望；B.admiration羡慕；C.excitement兴奋；D.inspiration灵感。根据上文“If you're the inspiration for a world-class athlete, you must be doing something right.For ultramarathoner (超级马拉松运动员) Harvey Lewis, that drive to run came from a local man”可知，Fremont给别人带来了灵感。故选D。
4．A 考查动词短语辨析。句意：1958年，Fremont开始跑步。作为三个孩子的单身父亲，他开始跑步以缓解压力。A．took up开始从事；B.took down记下；C.took in吸收，理解；D.took out取出。根据后文“He began running”可知，Fremont在1958年开始跑步。故选A。
5．B 考查名词辨析。句意：1958年，Fremont开始跑步。作为三个孩子的单身父亲，他开始跑步以缓解压力。A．feeling感觉；B.stress压力；C.emotion情感；D.fear恐惧。根据“relieve”和“being a single father of three young children”可知，他跑步是为了缓解压力。故选B。
6．A 考查动词辨析。句意：“山是可怕的，”Fremont回忆，但补充说，整个比赛他感觉很好。A．recalled回忆；B.recognized认出；C.responded回应；D.reminded提醒，使想起。根据“The hills were horrendous(可怕的)”和“he felt fine throughout the race”可知，这是他对比赛的回忆。故选A。
7．D 考查短语辨析。句意：多年来，他在公园里交了几十个朋友，事实上，朋友太多了，他去年决定缩短他的跑步距离。A．in the end最终；B.as a result结果；C.after all毕竟；D.in fact事实上。下文“he decided to cut down the distance of his runs last year”与上文“He has made dozens of friends”语义发生转折，in fact“其实”可以连接反义重复的转折信息。故选D。
8．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：Fremont说：“当我98岁的时候，我觉得在我看到的所有人面前跑10英里太耗时了。”A．old老的，旧的；B.long长的；C.far远的；D.high高的。根据上文“he decided to cut down the distance of his runs”可知，Fremont认为10英里太长了，想要缩短跑步距离。故选B。
9．D 考查动词辨析。句意：Fremont把他的长寿归功于健康的生活方式和生活中没有压力。A．distributes分布；B.constitutes构成；C.substitutes代替；D.attributes把……归因于。根据上文“his longevity to healthy lifestyle”可知，他将长寿归功于健康的生活方式。故选D。
10．A 考查名词辨析。句意：Fremont把他的长寿归功于健康的生活方式和生活中没有压力。A．lack缺乏；B.presence出席，在场；C.burden负担；D.existence存在。根据上文“He began running to relieve the 5 of being a single father of three young children.”以及“healthy lifestyle and”可知，他长寿的秘密是健康的生活方式和没有压力的生活。故选A。
11．C 考查形容词辨析。句意：“训练很重要，”他说，“但当你到了我这个年纪，除非你的身体能撑得住，否则你根本无法训练。”A．funny滑稽的；B.meaningless无意义的；C.important重要的；D.dangerous危险的。根据下文“but when you get to be my age, you're not going to be able to train at all”可知，训练非常重要。故选C。
12．C 考查连词辨析。句意：“训练很重要，”他说，“但当你到了我这个年纪，除非你的身体能撑得住，否则你根本无法训练。”A．though尽管；B.because因为；C.unless除非；D.where在……的地方。根据上文“you're not going to be able to train at all”可知，“your body holds up”是一个必要条件。故选C。
13．B 考查副词辨析。句意：健康生活的重要性再怎么强调都不为过。A．roughly粗略地，大约；B.simply只是，的确；C.truly真地；D.generally通常。“cannot overemphasize the importance of living a healthy life”是一个不可否认的事实，simply can't...是习惯用法，意为“不能做某事”。故选B。
14．C 考查形容词辨析。句意：那只独木舟(上的人)加起来有178岁。A．growing增长的；B.shared分享的，共有的；C.combined联合的，总和的；D.amazing令人吃惊的。根据上文“it's competitive canoeing with friends”和下文“age of 178 in that one canoe”可知，这些朋友的年龄总和为178。故选C。
15．A 考查形容词辨析。句意： “太棒了。” A．wonderful绝妙的；B.miserable痛苦的，糟糕的；C.comfortable舒适的；D.desperate绝望的，拼命的。根据文“I love my life”表达Fremont对生活的态度可知，Fremont觉得生活很美好。故选A。
D
(2023·山东省泰安市高三一模)
I was in Washington covering a conference.However, I came across a curious-looking 1. shop with its door partly open.
Citizens here said it had been like that 2. as long as they could remember, but no one knew 3. .“Maybe the owner is just lazy，” I 4. the shady entrance, eager to find out the reason.A(n) 5. “Welcome！” came from a man's voice.And out walked Mr.Smith, the 90-year-old 6. of this candy shop which I suddenly realized had 7. candies.Mr.Smith explained the place was a candy store opened by him 50 years ago, but his energy 8. in old age so he sold nothing for long.
I admired Mr.Smith's long excellent service in the areA．He had a 9. attitude to life.I asked Mr.Smith why his store front was in such a state.Mr.Smith, smiling, replied, “I 10. a bag by the door that a customer left two years ago.Honestly I want to just 11. the store, but because the bag's owner might come by 12. for it, I keep the door open just a little bit.” I was moved to tears by Mr.Smith's shockingly 13. deeds.I then looked down, and sure enough there was a small bag on the counter with a paper that read, “ 14. Item.”
I left the shop feeling better about humanity and was glad there are people like Mr.Smith living the good life and keeping 15. forever.
1.A．clothing B．food
C．fruit D．candy
2.A．every day B．occasionally
C．every night D．recently
3.A．when B．where
C．why D．how
4.A．approached B．left
C．broke D．ignored
5.A．official B．enthusiastic
C．elegant D．humble
6.A．supplier B．owner
C．customer D．employee
7.A．many B．some
C．various D．no
8.A．broke off B．calmed down
C．went up D．faded away
9.A．pessimistic B．positive
C．humorous D．cool
10.A．buy B．sell
C．keep D．exhibit
11.A．manage B．exchange
C．open D．close
12.A．looking B．paying
C．charging D．longing
13.A．unbelievable B．sweet
C．odd D．sensible
14.A．Recommended B．Found
C．Lost D．Deserted
15.A．patience B．silence
C．faith D．touch
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一位糖果店老板经营店铺多年，后来年龄大了，精力有限，想要关掉店铺。但是，两年前有一位顾客曾经把一个包遗忘在店里，老人虽然不再开门营业，但是想着那位顾客随时有可能路过这里进来寻他的包，所以每天都把门半开着等待。
1．D 考查名词辨析。句意：然而，我遇到了一家看起来很奇怪的糖果店，它的门半开着。A．clothing衣服，服装；B.food食物；C.fruit水果；D.candy糖果。根据下文“this candy shop”及“the candy store”可知，这是一家糖果店，candy是原词复现。故选D。
2．A 考查副词辨析。句意：这里的市民说，自从他们记事以来，每天都是这样，但没人知道为什么。A．every day每天；B.occasionally偶然；C.every night每晚；D.recently最近。根据下文“I 10. a bag by the door that a customer left two years ago.Honestly I want to just 11. the store, but because the bag's owner might come by 12. for it, I keep the door open just a little bit.”可知，老人不再营业卖糖果，两年来却为了等失主来找包而每天把店门半开。每天这样做才会令人们觉得好奇。故选A。
3．C 考查疑问词辨析。句意：这里的市民说，自从他们记事以来，每天都是这样，但没人知道为什么。A．when什么时间；B.where在哪里；C.why为什么；D.how怎样。对这家店铺不营业却开着门的情况很好奇，不知道原因。why呼应下文的the reason。故选C。
4．A 考查动词辨析。句意：我走近阴凉的入口，急于找出原因。A．approached靠近；B.left离开；C.broke打破；D.ignored忽略。我想要探究原因，需要靠近店铺，前去询问店主。故选A。
5．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：传来一个男人的声音——热情的“欢迎！”。A．official官方的，正式的；B.enthusiastic热情的；C.elegant优雅的；D.humble卑微的。从下文“I admired Mr.Smith's long excellent service in the areA．”多年来店主的服务态度非常好可以看出，对顾客是很热情的。故选B。
6．B 考查名词辨析。句意：史密斯先生走了出来，他是这家糖果店的90岁的老板，我突然意识到这家糖果店没有糖果。A．supplier供应商；B.owner主人；C.customer顾客；D.employee员工。从下文“Mr.Smith explained the place was a candy store opened by him 50 years ago”可知，这位90岁的老人就是店主。故选B。
7．D 考查形容词辨析。句意：史密斯先生走了出来，他是这家糖果店的90岁的老板，我突然意识到这家糖果店没有糖果。A．many许多；B.some一些；C.various各种各样的；D.no没有。根据下文“so he sold nothing for long”可知，这家糖果店现在并没有糖果。故选D。
8．D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：史密斯先生解释说，这是他50年前开的一家糖果店，但随着年龄的增长，他的精力逐渐衰弱，所以很长时间都没卖过东西。A．broke off中断；B.calmed down冷静下来；C.went up上升；D.faded away衰退。老人经营了五十年，年近九十岁时，想要关闭店铺，应该是因为精力衰退。故选D。
9．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：他对生活有积极的态度。A．pessimistic消极的，悲观的；B.positive积极的，肯定的；C.humorous幽默的；D.cool凉爽的。店主经营店铺，为人们服务了五十年，受到作者的钦佩，店铺已经不营业了却为了失主有可能回来找包，两年来坚持把店铺的门开着。由此可知，老人的生活态度是积极的。故选B。
10．C 考查动词辨析。句意：我在门边放着一个袋子，是一位顾客两年前留下的。A．buy买；B.sell卖；C.keep存放，保存；D.exhibit展览。两年前顾客遗忘在店里的包，店主是帮忙保存。故选C。
11．D 考查动词辨析。句意：说实话，我想直接关闭这家店，但因为这个包的主人可能会过来找它，所以我只把门开着一点点。A．manage经营，管理；B.exchange交换；C.open开放；营业；D.close关闭。店主年纪大了，精力衰退，想要关闭店铺。只是因为担心失主回来找包才开着门。故选D。
12．A 考查动词辨析。句意：说实话，我想直接关闭这家店，但因为这个包的主人可能会过来找它，所以我只把门开着一点点。A．looking看；B.paying支付；C.charging收费；D.longing渴望。一个顾客两年前把包遗忘在店里，有可能会回来寻找。故选A。
13．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：我被史密斯先生令人震惊的好心行为感动得流下了眼泪。A．unbelievable难以置信的；B.sweet甜美的；C.odd古怪的；D.sensible理智的。老人这么大年纪不卖东西了，却还为了等失主万一回来找包，坚持两年开着店门，这是善良的好心行为。故选B。
14．B 考查动词辨析。句意：然后我低头一看，柜台上果然有一个小包，上面有一张纸，上面写着“捡到的物品”。A．Recommended推荐；B.Found找到；C.Lost丢失；D.Deserted遗弃。顾客遗忘的包，对于店家来说就是捡到的物品。故选B。
15．C 考查名词辨析。句意：离开商店时，我对人性有了更好的认识，很高兴还有像史密斯先生这样的人过着美好的生活，永远保持着信念。A．patience耐心；B.silence沉默；C.faith信任；信念；D.touch感动，碰触。老人这么大年纪不卖东西了，却还坚持两年开着店门为了等失主万一回来找包，永远给顾客保留一份希望，一种做人的信念。故选C。第三部分 专题一 第3讲
A
(2023·湖南省新高考教学教研联盟高三一模)
I walked to Mrs.Windsor's house and waited outside.She was working with another student, and I was not supposed to 1. them by ringing the bell.I stood against the wall and 2. what I'd rather be doing.I had been tutored enough to read, understand, and even write some musical compositions, but I just didn't have a 3. for it.Mrs.Windsor had offered to give me the lessons 4. , so I felt it my duty to try.
The door opened and Wendy Barton came out.I walked in, sat down on the piano bench and began to 5. my sheet music.Today Mrs.Windsor 6. her niece Pasha to teach me.
With a smile, Pasha sat beside me on the piano bench, opened my sheet music to the beginning page and asked me to play.I 7. my fingers on the keys.Then I frowned and concentrated to make the notes on the page 8. the finger movements.I had to admit I was a rather 9. pianist.
After about a page or two, Pasha gently put her hand on top of mine as if to 10. my fingers.There was a long pause.“What are you hearing in the music？” I looked at her rather 11. and admitted I didn't know what she meant, “Like a 12. .Here, let me try and you listen，” Pasha advised.
She closed her eyes and took a deep breath, letting her fingers 13. lightly over the keys.Then, she began to play.“See, it begins here beside some kind of river.Hear the water flowing beside you？” Her fingers 14. and fell gently on the keys.“Now a princess appears and she's picking flowers from the water's 15. .”A happy piece of music filled the air in time to Pasha's dancing fingers.
1.A．scare B．bother
C．inform D．remind
2.A．daydreamed B．predicted
C．decided D．regretted
3.A．taste B．desire
C．gift D．memory
4.A．in advance B．for free
C．as usual D．as well
5.A．sort through B．look over
C．go over D．look through
6.A．introduced B．begged
C．ordered D．selected
7.A．rested B．opened
C．arranged D．covered
8.A．follow B．match
C．equal D．resemble
9.A．professional B．skillful
C．stubborn D．mechanical
10.A．touch B．press
C．warm D．calm
11.A．anxiously B．strangely
C．sadly D．gratefully
12.A．river B．flower
C．story D．princess
13.A．dance B．flow
C．fly D．jump
14.A．left B．dropped
C．rose D．departed
15.A．source B．entrance
C．middle D．edge
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者跟随自己钢琴老师的侄女帕莎学习钢琴的一次难忘经历。
1．B 考查动词辨析。句意：她在给另一个学生上课，我不应该按铃打扰他们。A．scare吓唬；B.bother打扰；C.inform通知；D.remind提醒。根据上文“She was working with another student”可知，她在给另一个学生上课，我不应该按铃打扰他们。故选B。
2．A 考查动词辨析。句意：我站在墙边，幻想着我想做的事情。A．daydreamed做白日梦，胡思乱想；B.predicted预测；C.decided决定；D.regretted后悔。根据语境以及“I stood against the wall”可知，我在门口等待的时候无所事事，所以我在瞎想。predicted“预测”，体现不出作者当时那种无聊。故选A。
3．C 考查名词辨析。句意：我已经接受了足够的教育去阅读、理解，甚至写一些音乐作品，但我就是没有这方面的天赋。A．taste味道；B.desire渴望；C.gift天赋；D.memory记忆。根据上文“I had been tutored enough to read, understand, and even write some musical compositions”做出的努力以及but转折可知，我已经接受了足够的教育去阅读、理解，甚至写一些音乐作品，但我就是没有这方面的天赋。故选C。
4．B 考查介词短语辨析。句意：温莎夫人主动提出免费给我上课，所以我觉得自己有责任试一试。A．in advance提前；B.for free免费；C.as usual像往常一样；D.as well也。根据“so I felt it my duty to try”我觉得自己有责任试一试，以及offered可知，温莎夫人主动提出免费给我上课。故选B。
5．A 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我走了进去，坐在钢琴凳上，开始整理乐谱。A．sort through整理；B.look over检查；C.go over复习；D.look through浏览。由下文“opened my sheet music”和文章所讲故事的发展可知，此时还未打开乐谱，开始整理乐谱。故选A。
6．A 考查动词辨析。句意：今天温莎夫人介绍她的侄女帕莎来教我。A．introduced介绍；B.begged乞求；C.ordered命令；D.selected挑选。根据下文“Pasha sat beside me on the piano bench, opened my sheet music to the beginning page and asked me to play”可知，温莎夫人介绍她的侄女帕莎来教我。故选A。
7．C 考查动词辨析。句意：我把手指一一放在琴键上。A．rested停留；B.opened打开；C.arranged排列；D.covered覆盖。根据句意以及上文“asked me to play”可知，弹钢琴时，我应该是把手指“排列”好，一一对应琴键。故选C。
8．B 考查动词辨析。句意：然后我皱起眉头，集中精力使纸上的音符与手指的动作相匹配。A．follow跟随；B.match匹配；C.equal等于；D.resemble像。根据上文“make the notes on the page”以及下文“the finger movements”可知，纸上的音符与手指的动作相匹配。故选B。
9．D 考查形容词辨析。句意：我不得不承认我是个呆板的钢琴手。A．professional专业的；B.skillful娴熟的；C.stubborn固执的；D.mechanical呆板的。根据上文可知我没有天赋，呆板的、缺乏独创性的。故选D。
10．D 考查动词辨析。句意：大概弹了一两页，帕莎轻轻地把手放在我的手上，好像要让我的手指平静下来。A．touch触摸；B.press按压；C.warm温暖；D.calm平静。根据句意以及“Pasha gently put her hand on top of mine”可知，帕莎要让我平静下来。故选D。
11．B 考查副词辨析。句意：我很奇怪地看着她，承认我不知道她的意思，“就像一个故事。……”A．anxiously焦急地；B.strangely奇怪地；C.sadly难过地；D.gratefully感激地。根据下文“I didn't know what she meant”可知，我当时就不理解，所以就很奇怪地看着她。故选B。
12．C 考查名词辨析。句意：我很奇怪地看着她，承认我不知道她的意思，“就像一个故事。……”A．river河流；B.flower花；C.story故事；D.princess公主。根据下文“Now a princess appears and she's picking flowers from the water's 15. .”可知，公主到河边来摘花，这像是一个“故事”。故选C。
13．A 考查动词辨析。句意：她闭上眼睛，深吸一口气，让手指在琴键上轻轻舞动。A．dance跳舞；B.flow流动；C.fly飞；D.jump跳。根据下文“A happy piece of music filled the air in time to Pasha's dancing fingers.”可知，dance是原词复现，很好地体现了帕莎弹钢琴那种优美的样子，这与文章的感情基调相吻合。故选A。
14．C 考查动词辨析。句意：她的手指在琴键上轻轻起伏。A．left离开；B.dropped下降；C.rose上升；D.departed离开。根据句意以及“and fell”可知，rose与后面的fell形成对照，一起一落。故选C。
15．D 考查名词辨析。句意：现在一位公主出现了，她正在水边采花。A．source来源；B.entrance入口；C.middle中间，中部；D.edge边缘。根据句意以及“picking flowers from the water's”可知，公主在水边采花。故选D。
B
(2023·广东省梅州市高三二模)
Last week, I had a wisdom tooth (智齿) pulled, which left me swollen and unable to speak.It was very strange spending a few days in this 1. , but judging from other people's responses, not as strange as it was for them.
I thought my husband would be the first to feel upset.I tried to imagine how 2. it must be to have half of the house go silent.3. , when I found him in the kitchen at midnight, cooking potatoes for my recovery and 4. the silence by singing “your lovely swollen face” to the tune of My Humps, I, too, was surprised, but also 5. .
When I felt 6. I went to my local shop.It still hurt when I moved my face, so when I 7. a friend, I couldn't say anything.The friend wanted my 8. on a Twitter disagreement that I didn't seem bothered.I was not bothered—and it felt good to remember that.
Later I visited my mom, who chatted away as normal.She didn't even 9. that I was on the silent mode.This makes me certainly believe that my family role is part 10. , part listener.
People say 11. is golden and that sometimes it is wise to say nothing and to let people reveal (吐露) themselves.Perhaps that is the 12. of the wisdom tooth.Maybe when they arrive with all their pain, forcing us—even just for a while—to move our 13. a little less, they give a lesson for living well: Listen, 14. and try being quiet now and then.Then maybe adulthood won't be quite like 15. teeth.
1.A．room B．state
C．position D．period
2.A．embarrassing B．lively
C．pleasant D．frightening
3.A．Finally B．Luckily
C．However D．Therefore
4.A．enjoying B．filling
C．keeping D．welcoming
5.A．amazed B．annoyed
C．disappointed D．touched
6.A．hungry B．weaker
C．stronger D．thirsty
7.A．called up B．looked at
C．turned to D．ran into
8.A．study B．opinion
C．report D．information
9.A．accept B．expect
C．hear D．notice
10.A．daughter B．patient
C．speaker D．friend
11.A．health B．family
C．silence D．love
12.A．lesson B．secret
C．treatment D．wisdom
13.A．arms B．eyes
C．mouths D．faces
14.A．observe B．smell
C．review D．suggest
15.A．cutting B．pulling
C．brushing D．losing
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是作者通过拔智齿不能说话的经历，得到了一个启迪：沉默是金。少说，多倾听，多观察。
1．B 考查名词辨析。句意：在这种状态下度过几天是非常奇怪的，但从其他人的反应来看，并不像他们那样奇怪。A．room房间；B.state状态；C.position 位置；D.period期间。根据上文“had a wisdom tooth (智齿) pulled, which left me swollen and unable to speak”可知，此处指拔智齿后脸肿不能说话的状态。故选B。
2．A 考查形容词辨析。句意：我试着想象屋子里一半的人都安静下来是多么尴尬的事。A．embarrassing令人尴尬的；B.lively活泼的；C.pleasant令人愉快的；D.frightening令人害怕的。根据空后“it must be to have half of the house go silent”可知，全家都安安静静不说话这是一件令人尴尬的事。故选A。
3．C 考查副词辨析。句意：然而，当我在午夜时分发现他在厨房里为我的康复做土豆，并随着《My Humps》的曲调唱着“你可爱的肿胀的脸”来填补沉默时，我也很惊讶，但也很感动。A．Finally最后；B.Luckily幸运地；C.However然而；D.Therefore因此。根据空前后可知，“沉默”和“做饭”“哼歌”构成一种转折关系。故选C。
4．B 考查动词辨析。句意：然而，当我在午夜时分发现他在厨房里为我的康复做土豆，并随着《My Humps》的曲调唱着“你可爱的肿胀的脸”来填补沉默时，我也很惊讶，但也很感动。A．enjoying喜爱；B.filling填满；C.keeping保持；D.welcoming欢迎。根据空后“singing ‘your lovely swollen face’to the tune of My Humps”可知，歌声填补了沉默。故选B。
5．D 考查形容词辨析。句意：然而，当我在午夜时分发现他在厨房里为我的康复做土豆，并随着《My Humps》的曲调唱着“你可爱的肿胀的脸”来填补沉默时，我也很惊讶，但也很感动。A．amazed感到惊讶的；B.annoyed感到恼怒的；C.disappointed感到失望的；D.touched感动的。根据上文“cooking potatoes for my recovery”和“ singing ‘your lovely swollen face’”可知，作者被丈夫的行为感动了。故选D。
6．C 考查形容词辨析。句意：当我感觉身体好些了，我就去了附近的商店。A．hungry饥饿的；B.weaker更弱的；C.stronger更强壮的；D.thirsty渴的。根据空后“I went to my local shop”可知，作者身体好些了。故选C。
7．D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我移动我的脸时，它仍然很疼，所以当我遇到朋友时，我不能说什么。A．called up打电话；B.looked at看；C.turned to转向，求助；D.ran into偶然碰见。结合作者去商店可知，此处指在商店里偶遇朋友。故选D。
8．B 考查名词辨析。句意：这位朋友想知道我在Twitter上的意见分歧，但我似乎并不介意。A．study学习；B.opinion观点；C.report报告；D.information信息。根据空后“on a Twitter disagreement that I didn't seem bothered”可知，此处指和朋友的意见有分歧。故选B。
9．D 考查动词辨析。句意：她都没注意到我调到了静音模式。A．accept接受；B.expect期盼；C.hear听见；D.notice注意到。根据空前后可知，她没有注意到。故选D。
10．A 考查名词辨析。句意：这让我确信我的家庭角色是半女儿，半倾听。A．daughter女儿；B.patient病人；C.speaker演讲者；D.friend朋友。根据空前“my family role”可知，这里指“女儿”这一家庭角色。故选A。
11．C 考查名词辨析。句意：人们说沉默是金，有时沉默是明智的，让人们暴露自己。A．health健康；B.family家庭；C.silence沉默；D.love爱。根据空后“to say nothing and to let people reveal (吐露)themselves”可知，此处指“沉默是金”。故选C。
12．D 考查名词辨析。句意：也许这就是智齿的智慧吧。A．lesson功课，教训；B.secret秘密；C.treatment治疗；D.wisdom明智，智慧。根据空前后可知，此处指“智慧”。故选D。
13．C 考查名词辨析。句意：也许当它们带着所有的痛苦到来，迫使我们——即使只是一会儿——少动我们的嘴巴时，他们给了我们一个良好生活的教训：倾听，观察，试着时不时地保持安静。A．arms胳膊；B.eyes眼睛；C.mouths嘴；D.faces脸。结合作者拔智齿的经历可知，此处指少动嘴，多倾听。故选C。
14．A 考查动词辨析。句意：也许当它们带着所有的痛苦到来，迫使我们——即使只是一会儿——少动我们的嘴巴时，他们给了我们一个良好生活的教训：倾听，观察，试着时不时地保持安静。A．observe观察；B.smell闻起来；C.review评论，复习；D.suggest建议。根据上文“to let people reveal (吐露) themselves”可知，有时我们可以少说话，通过观察来了解别人。故选A。
15．B 考查动词辨析。句意：那也许成年就不像拔牙了。A．cutting切割；B.pulling拉；C.brushing梳理；D.losing丢失。呼应第一段的“Last week, I had a wisdom tooth (智齿) pulled, which left me swollen and unable to speak.”可知，此处指拔牙。故选B。
C
(2023·安徽省皖江联盟高三最后一卷联考)
There is much we can learn from dogs.In 1. , they are our best companions, seeming to understand our every emotion.They accept us when we feel 2. , waiting hours for us to return from school.And for adults, they remain our 3. friends.It's no wonder we have such 4. for them.
Capitan, a lovely dog, always 5. his master Miguel.But when Miguel passed away, Capitan disappeared—only to 6. later at the graveyard(墓地), lying on Miguel's grave.Despite many 7. to bring him home, Capitan always ran away, back to the graveyard 15 miles from the house.Such 8. touched Miguel's family and the graveyard caretakers.Capitan didn't 9. himself to new friends.He just stayed close to the gravesite, sleeping there every night and sitting 10. during the day.
Capitan became a symbol of faithfulness.But it still remains 11. how he found the grave in the first place.Miguel died in a different town and was 12. directly to the site.There was no clue for Capitan to follow, yet he 13. the man he loved.For us humans, we can more easily find those we love.Capitan reminds us that despite the difficulties that 14. us, there is always a way to get back to 15. love.
1.A．yards B．childhood
C．neighborhood D．schools
2.A．left out B．worn out
C．stressed out D．fed up
3.A．current B．missing
C．committed D．new
4.A．affection B．respect
C．hope D．knowledge
5.A．amused B．followed
C．inspired D．struck
6.A．take off B．carry on
C．turn up D．break down
7.A．reasons B．chances
C．steps D．attempts
8.A．devotion B．charity
C．sympathy D．preference
9.A．prove B．compare
C．attach D．limit
10.A．comfortably B．awkwardly
C．perfectly D．watchfully
11.A．simple B．unknown
C．encouraging D．alive
12.A．introduced B．reduced
C．transferred D．linked
13.A．located B．persuaded
C．revealed D．defended
14.A．push B．threaten
C．combine D．separate
15.A．romantic B．selfless
C．peaceful D．patient
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。Miguel死后，他的狗Capitan不知怎样找到他的墓地，整天待在墓地附近，成为忠诚的象征。
1．B 考查名词辨析。句意：在童年，他们是我们最好的伙伴，似乎理解我们的每一份情感。A．yards院子；B.childhood童年；C.neighborhood街区；D.schools学校。根据空后“best companions”和下文的“And for adults”可知，此处说的是在童年时。故选B。
2．A 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我们感到被冷落时，他们接受我们，几个小时等着我们从学校回来。A．left out被忽视；B.worn out磨损；C.stressed out焦虑不安；D.fed up受够了。根据句意和“accept us”可知，此处是说当我们感到被冷落时。故选A。
3．C 考查形容词辨析。句意：对于成年人来说，他们仍然是我们忠实朋友。A．current现在的；B.missing丢失的；C.committed忠诚的；D.new新的。根据下文讲述的Capitan的故事和最后一段的faithfulness可知，狗是我们忠实的朋友。故选C。
4．A 考查名词辨析。句意：难怪我们对他们有这么深的感情。A．affection感情；B.respect尊重；C.hope希望；D.knowledge知识。根据上文“In 1. , they are our best companions”和“And for adults, they remain our 3. friends.”可知，我们对狗肯定有感情，喜欢他们。故选A。
5．B 考查动词辨析。句意：Capitan，一只可爱的狗，总是跟着他的主人Miguel。A．amused逗乐；B.followed跟着；C.inspired激励；D.struck打。根据下文的master可知，Capitan一定是跟着他的主人。故选B。
6．C 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是当Miguel去世后，Capitan不见了——后来才出现在墓地，躺在Miguel的墓地上。A．take off起飞；B.carry on继续；C.turn up出现；D.break down分解。根据disappeared可知，此处是说Capitan后来出现在墓地上。故选C。
7．D 考查名词辨析。句意：尽管多次试图把他带回家，但Capitan总是逃跑，回到离家15英里的墓地。A．reasons原因；B.chances机会；C.steps步伐；D.attempts尝试。根据空后“...bring him home, Capitan always ran away, back to the graveyard 15 miles from the house”可知，Capitan的家人一定是试图把Capitan带回家。故选D。
8．A 考查名词辨析。句意：这种忠诚感动了Miguel的家人和墓地管理员。A．devotion忠诚；B.charity慈善；C.sympathy同情；D.preference偏好。根据上文“Despite many 7. to bring him home, Capitan always ran away, back to the graveyard 15 miles from the house.”可知，Capitan对Miguel的忠诚感动了Miguel的家人和墓地管理员。故选A。
9．C 考查动词辨析。句意：Capitan没有结交新朋友。A．prove证明；B.compare比较；C.attach与……有联系；D.limit限制。根据下文“He just stayed close to the gravesite, sleeping there every night and sitting 10. during the day.”可知，Capitan整天守在Miguel的墓地，所以他没有结交新的朋友。故选C。
10．D 考查副词辨析。句意：他只是待在墓地附近，每天晚上睡在那里，白天警觉地坐在那里。A．comfortably舒适地；B.awkwardly笨拙地；C.perfectly完美地；D.watchfully警觉地。根据语境和空前的sitting可知，白天Capitan一定是警觉地坐在墓地附近。故选D。
11．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：但我们仍然不知道他最初是如何找到坟墓的。A．simple简单的；B.unknown未知的；C.encouraging鼓舞人心的；D.alive活着的。根据下文“There was no clue for Capitan to follow”可知，不知道Capitan最初是如何找到坟墓的。故选B。
12．C 考查动词辨析。句意：Miguel死在另一个城镇，被直接转运送到墓地。A．introduced介绍；B.reduced减少；C.transferred转移，运送；D.linked联系。根据“Miguel died in a different town”可知，Miguel是从另一个城镇被运送到墓地。故选C。
13．A 考查动词辨析。句意：Capitan没有线索可循，但他找到了他爱的人。A．located定位；B.persuaded说服；C.revealed揭示；D.defended保护。根据上文“...he found the grave in the first place”可知，Capitan找到了他爱的人。故选A。
14．D 考查动词辨析。句意：Capitan提醒我们，尽管困难将我们分开，但总有办法找回无私的爱。A．push推动；B.threaten威胁；C.combine合并；D.separate分开。根据上文讲述的Miguel和Capitan的故事可知，他们被分开了。故选D。
15．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：Capitan提醒我们，尽管困难将我们分开，但总有办法找回无私的爱。A．romantic浪漫的；B.selfless无私的；C.peaceful和平的；D.patient耐心的。根据上文的讲述可知，Capitan对Miguel的爱是无私的。故选B。
D
(2023·辽宁省教研联盟高三一模)
I grew to be a tall girl but I tried to be as ordinary as possible.At school, I always chose a seat in the back of the room, and never 1. my hand in class.When I was 16, we were told that a new English teacher, Oliver Bascom, was going to teach us.
Oliver Bascom! The girls laughed as we imagined a short and bald man.2. , after we opened the door, there in front of the blackboard, we saw a young and 3. man!
What followed was chaos, seventeen-year-old girls 4. to get to seats in the front of the room.And I managed to get a front and center desk.
I really wanted to make a good 5. on my new teacher, but I usually kept quiet.One day we were given our first major 6. assignment.I worked the whole weekend on the essay and waited nervously for Mr.Bascom's 7. .
After three days, he arrived in class 8. the corrected papers.“I've 9. the ten best essays for class discussion.” he said.Twenty minutes later, my heart 10. when he got to the last essay and I didn't hear my name.
“These are all great essays，” Mr.Bascom continued.“11. , I am now going to read you the most successful of all...” We were all surprised as this 12. work was written by me.That day a(n) 13. girl walked out of the classroom.I knew that I had a new set of standards to 14. and that anything was possible in the future.Finally, I 15. my head.
1.A．brought up B．put up
C．took up D．gave up
2.A．Surprisingly B．Unfortunately
C．Definitely D．Instantly
3.A．serious B．strange
C．handsome D．nervous
4.A．pretending B．refusing
C．slipping D．flying
5.A．impact B．joke
C．impression D．introduction
6.A．writing B．reading
C．speaking D．listening
7.A．presentation B．evaluation
C．celebration D．introduction
8.A．forgetting B．lifting
C．holding D．laying
9.A．chosen B．left
C．stuck D．rid
10.A．attacked B．cheered
C．jumped D．sank
11.A．However B．Meanwhile
C．Therefore D．Otherwise
12.A．uncorrected B．unusual
C．unwritten D．uncertain
13.A．unique B．quiet
C．ordinary D．different
14.A．live up to B．look out for
C．get hold of D．put up with
15.A．turned B．raised
C．dropped D．shook
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在十六岁前，作者在课堂上不活跃。后来，作者得到一位非常帅气的男老师的赏识，进而获得了自信。
1.B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在学校，我总是选择坐在教室的后面，从来不在课堂上举手。A．brought up提出，养育；B.put up举起；C.took up拿起；D.gave up放弃。根据空前“I always chose a seat in the back of the room”以及空后“my hand”可知，我总是坐在教室的后面，不举手。故选B。
2．A 考查副词辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，我们打开门后，在黑板前，我们看到了一个年轻英俊的男人！A．Surprisingly令人惊讶地；B.Unfortunately不幸地；C.Definitely明确地；D.Instantly立刻，马上。根据上文“The girls laughed as we imagined a short and bald man.”想象一个又矮又秃的男人，以及下文“What followed was chaos, seventeen-year-old girls 4. to get to seats in the front of the room.”抢到教室前面的座位，可知女孩们看到新老师的状态是惊讶的。故选A。
3．C 考查形容词辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，我们打开门后，在黑板前，我们看到了一个年轻英俊的男人！A．serious严重的；B.strange奇怪的；C.handsome英俊的；D.nervous紧张的。根据上文提到的令女孩们感到惊讶，以及下文“What followed was chaos, seventeen-year-old girls 4. to get to seats in the front of the room.”抢到教室前面的座位，可知看到的是年轻英俊的男士。故选C。
4．D 考查动词辨析。句意：随之而来的是一片混乱，17岁的女孩们争先恐后地抢到前排的座位上。A．pretending假装；B.refusing拒绝；C.slipping滑；D.flying飞行。根据上文提到的看到了一个年轻英俊的男人，以及空前“What followed was chaos”可知，女孩们争先恐后地抢前排的座位。故选D。
5．C 考查名词辨析。句意：我真的很想给我的新老师留下好印象，但我通常保持沉默。A．impact影响；B.joke玩笑；C.impression印象；D.introduction介绍。根据句意以及“but I usually kept quiet”可知，想给新老师留下好印象。故选C。
6．A 考查名词辨析。句意：一天，我们接到了第一个重要的写作任务。A．writing写作；B.reading阅读；C.speaking说，讲；D.listening听力。根据下文“I worked the whole weekend on the essay”可知，我们接到写作任务。故选A。
7．B 考查名词辨析。句意：我整个周末都在写这篇文章，紧张地等待巴斯科姆先生的评价。A．presentation呈现；B.evaluation评价；C.celebration庆祝；D.introduction介绍。根据上文提到的想给新老师留下好印象，以及下文“‘These are all great essays，’Mr.Bascom continued.”可知，此外为等待老师的评价。故选B。
8．C 考查动词辨析。句意：三天后，他拿着改好的试卷来上课。A．forgetting忘记；B.lifting举起；C.holding拿着；D.laying安放。根据空前“he arrived in class”以及空后“the corrected papers”可知，老师拿着改好的试卷来上课，是到达教室的伴随动作。故选C。
9．A 考查动词辨析。句意：我为课堂讨论挑选了十篇最好的文章。A．chosen选择；B.left离开；C.stuck卡住；D.rid摆脱。根据句意以及“the ten best essays for class discussion”可知，老师为课堂讨论挑选了十篇最好的文章。故选A。
10．D 考查动词辨析。句意：20分钟后，当他读到最后一篇文章时，我的心一沉，我没有听到我的名字。A．attacked攻击；B.cheered欢呼；C.jumped跳；D.sank下沉。根据空后“when he got to the last essay and I didn't hear my name”可知，读到最后一篇文章没有听到我的名字，我的心一沉。故选D。
11．A 考查副词辨析。句意：然而，我现在要给你们读的是最成功的……。A．However然而；B.Meanwhile同时；C.Therefore因此；D.Otherwise否则。根据上文提到的没有读到我的名字，以及空后“read you the most successful of all”可知，此处形成转折关系。故选A。
12．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：我们都很惊讶，因为这部不寻常的作文是我写的。A．uncorrected不正确的；B.unusual不寻常的；C.unwritten不成文的；D.uncertain不确定的。根据对上文提到读最成功的文章分析可知，这是一部不寻常的作文。故选B。
13．D 考查形容词辨析。句意：那天，一个不同的女孩走出了教室。A．unique独特的；B.quiet安静的；C.ordinary普通的；D.different不同的。根据句意以及上文提到的大家都很惊讶我写了一篇最好的作文，分析可知女孩和之前的那个不同了。故选D。
14．A 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我知道我有一套新的标准要遵守，未来一切皆有可能。A．live up to遵守，符合；B.look out for注意；C.get hold of掌握；D.put up with忍受。根据句意以及“I had a new set of standards”和“and that anything was possible in the future”可知，一套新的标准要遵守。故选A。
15．B 考查动词辨析。句意：最后，我抬起了头。A．turned转向；B.raised抬起；C.dropped下降；D.shook摇动。文章第一段讲述作者在课堂上不活跃，后来，作者得到一位非常帅气的男老师的赏识，获得了自信，首尾呼应形成鲜明的对比。故选B。第三部分 专题一 第4讲
A
(2023·辽宁省鞍山市普通高中高三一模)
My sister Blythe is one of the highest achievers I've ever known.Growing up, she was 1. in absolutely everything.She remains the most gifted 2. I've ever met.She's received many prizes in sports competitions.
2007 was 3. for our family.We lost our brother in July to cancer.After over a year, I had no choice but to put one 4. in front of the other.It happened only because the sun continued to rise day after day.At the same time, Blythe 5. and committed herself to efforts that demanded her 6. best, including a fourth place finish in her final Olympics.We watched nervously.Fourth can be a 7. place to get in a highly competitive competition like this.We released a collective sigh of 8. and cheered when we saw her huge smile.
She has since 9. gracefully from the sport.Needless to say, she continues to 10. herself, winning cooking competitions and doing well in flag football.Meanwhile, I'm always at home in her 11. whenever necessary.
I have watched Blythe with 12. and in wonder since my earliest memories—I 13. do now.
I have worried about every risk, wishing I could protect her from every hurt, and smiled happily with 14. at every reward.Knowing that the very person I have watched grow up from the beginning is the one who has lived the best life helps me believe that I 15. .
1.A．brilliant B．active
C．engaged D．absorbed
2.A．expert B．student
C．athlete D．performer
3.A．meaningful B．cruel
C．significant D．frightening
4.A．view B．point
C．hand D．foot
5.A．started off B．pulled together
C．held on D．rose up
6.A．constant B．absolute
C．extra D．initial
7.A．desirable B．creative
C．tough D．pure
8.A．tiredness B．relief
C．admiration D．sympathy
9.A．retired B．benefited
C．separated D．suffered
10.A．change B．fight
C．win D．challenge
11.A．memory B．company
C．place D．opinion
12.A．amazement B．curiosity
C．anxiety D．disbelief
13.A．still B．barely
C．already D．simply
14.A．envy B．pride
C．dignity D．ambition
15.A．succeed B．shine
C．mature D．matter
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者见证自己的妹妹Blythe一路成长为最杰出的运动员的故事。
1．A 考查形容词辨析。句意：从小到大，她在任何方面都很出色。A．brilliant辉煌的，出色的；B.active积极的；C.engaged已订婚的，被占用的；D.absorbed全神贯注的。根据“She remains the most gifted 2. I've ever met.She's received many prizes in sports competitions.”可知，Blythe在运动比赛上获得了很多奖，说明她很优秀。故选A。
2．C 考查名词辨析。句意：她仍然是我见过的最有天赋的运动员。A．expert专家；B.student学生；C.athlete运动员；D.performer表演者。根据“She's received many prizes in sports competitions.”可知，能在运动比赛上拿很多奖，说明她是运动员。故选C。
3．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：2007年对我们家来说是残酷的。A．meaningful有意义的；B.cruel残酷的，残忍的；C.significant有重要意义的；D.frightening可怕的。根据下文“We lost our brother in July to cancer.”可知，失去了兄弟，说明这是残酷的一年。故选B。
4．D 考查名词辨析。句意：一年多后，我别无选择，只能继续向前走。A．view观点，看法；B.point观点，见解；C.hand手，援手；D.foot脚，底部。根据句意可知，别无选择，只能继续前进。习惯用法put one foot in front of the other表示“向前走，稳步推进”。故选D。
5．D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：与此同时，布莱斯站了起来，全力以赴，要求她做到最好，包括在奥运会决赛上获得第四名。A．started off开始，出发；B.pulled together齐心协力；C.held on继续；D.rose up上升。根据句意可知，全力以赴，要求自己做到最好，说明Blythe振作了起来。故选D。
6．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：与此同时，布莱斯站了起来，全力以赴，要求她做到最好，包括在奥运会决赛上获得第四名。A．constant持续不断的；B.absolute完全的，绝对的；C.extra额外的；D.initial最初的。根据句意可知，要求自己全力以赴，说明希望自己能做到最好。故选B。
7．C 考查形容词辨析。句意：在这样一个高度竞争的比赛中，第四名是一个艰难的位置。A．desirable令人向往的；B.creative创造性的，有创造力的；C.tough艰难的；D.pure纯的。根据句意可知，要在奥运会决赛上获得第四名是非常难的。故选C。
8．B 考查名词辨析。句意：看到她灿烂的笑容时，我们都松了一口气，欢呼起来。A．tiredness疲劳；B.relief宽慰，缓解；C.admiration钦佩，赞美；D.sympathy同情心。根据句意可知，看到她灿烂的笑容时，我们也松了一口气。故选B。
9．A 考查动词辨析。句意：此后，她优雅地退出了这项运动。A．retired退休，退役，退赛；B.benefited收益；C.separated分离；D.suffered遭受。根据句意可知，从那以后就优雅地退役了。故选A。
10．D 考查动词辨析。句意：不用说，她继续挑战自己，赢得烹饪比赛，在夺旗橄榄球比赛中表现出色。A．change改变；B.fight与……作斗争；C.win赢，获胜；D.challenge挑战。根据句意可知，赢得厨艺比赛、参加夺旗橄榄球比赛并表现出色等，说明Blythe是在继续挑战自己。故选D。
11．B 考查名词辨析。句意：与此同时，只要有需要，我总是在家陪着她。A．memory记忆；B.company公司，陪伴；C.place地方；D.opinion观点。根据句意可知，作者总是在家陪着她。故选B。
12．C 考查名词辨析。句意：从我最早的记忆开始，我就带着焦虑和好奇观察着布莱斯——现在我仍然如此。A．amazement惊诧；B.curiosity好奇；C.anxiety焦虑；D.disbelief不信。根据下文“I have worried about every risk, wishing I could protect her from every hurt, and smiled happily with 14. at every reward.”可知，看到Blythe冒险时担心，看到她获奖时又开心，说明作者总是带有焦虑。故选C。
13．A 考查副词辨析。句意：从我最早的记忆开始，我就带着焦虑和好奇观察着布莱斯——现在我仍然如此。A．still仍然；B.barely几乎不；C.already已经；D.simply仅仅。根据句意可知，作者现在也还是带着焦虑和好奇观察者Blythe。故选A。
14．B 考查名词辨析。句意：每一次冒险我都担心过，希望我能保护她不受任何伤害，每一次奖励我都骄傲地笑着。A．envy羡慕，嫉妒；B.pride骄傲；C.dignity尊严；D.ambition抱负，雄心。根据句意可知，看到Blythe冒险时，作者会担心，看到她获奖时，则应该是骄傲。故选B。
15．D 考查动词辨析。句意：知道自己从一开始就看着她长大的人是一个过着最好生活的人，这让我相信我很重要。A．succeed成功；B.shine发光；C.mature成熟；D.matter要紧，有关系。根据句意可知，看着长大的人过着最好的生活，这会让人很有成就感，觉得自己很重要。故选D。
B
(2023·安徽省黄山市高中毕业班二模)
I can't miss the little old lady standing at a bus stop.With her kerchief(方头巾) on her head, a black umbrella 1. all over, I can tell she is freezing.I'm driving by, late for my early morning shift(轮班)．I decide to stop and offer her a 2. .
3. , she declines, but when I ask again and 4. , finally, she gets in the car.I take her to her 5. , and by the time she gets out of my car, she is smiling and thanks me.
I was 6. for work that day, but I was so glad that I stopped.That was 40 years ago, and the beginning of a new 7. , one that continues when I'm out driving in bad weather.
If there's someone at a bus stop, especially if it's an elderly person waiting at 8. hours and in bad weather, I will 9. and ask if they need a ride.Once a woman jumped in without hesitation, which made me feel good.
The best part of my ride offers is the 10. .I do tend to ask a lot of questions: where are you from, where are you going, family, background, pets and whatever else comes to mind.11. , everyone wants to chat.We are usually laughing by the time the ride is over.“What a shame！” I often think when they hop out, as the stories were just getting 12. .
As the years 13. , perhaps I will be the one standing at the bus stop.Perhaps there will be somebody who 14. down a window and offers me a seat for a little ride.I will continue to take that leap of 15. in the kindness of strangers.
1.A．holding B．blowing
C．taking D．sharing
2.A．ride B．drive
C．cash D．luck
3.A．In addition B．Or rather
C．Of course D．After all
4.A．conserve B．insist
C．recommend D．instruct
5.A．departure B．terminal
C．institute D．destination
6.A．late B．loyal
C．cute D．punctual
7.A．habit B．period
C．action D．shift
8.A．for B．over
C．off D．by
9.A．drive out B．come across
C．switch up D．pull over
10.A．feedback B．conversation
C．understanding D．inquiry
11.A．Surprisingly B．Constantly
C．Actually D．Basically
12.A．improved B．started
C．created D．constructed
13.A．prove B．end
C．put D．pass
14.A．bends B．falls
C．rolls D．pours
15.A．conscience B．mercy
C．faith D．integrity
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。我在恶劣的天气里开车时，会让在寒风冷雨中等车的人们搭便车。我坚持这个习惯40年，最喜欢的部分是与他们之间的谈话。随着岁月流逝，也许站在公交车站的人会是我，当有人摇下车窗时，我会继续相信陌生人的善良。
1．B 考查动词辨析。句意：她头上戴着头巾，一把黑色的雨伞被风吹得乱转，我能感觉到她很冷。A．holding持有；B.blowing吹；C.taking带着；D.sharing分享。根据空后“I can tell she is freezing”可知，天很冷，风很大，雨伞被风吹得乱转。故选B。
2．A 考查名词辨析。句意：我决定停下来让她搭我的车。A．ride搭乘；B.drive驱车出行；C.cash现金；D.luck运气。根据上文“I can't miss the little old lady standing at a bus stop.”可知，我不能错过站在公共汽车站的那个小老太太。所以我停下让她搭我的车。故选A。
3．C 考查介词短语辨析。句意：当然，她拒绝了，但当我再次要求并坚持时，她终于上了车。A．In addition除此之外；B.Or rather更确切地说；C.Of course当然；D.After all毕竟。根据常识可知，小老太太应是不好意思麻烦别人，自然会拒绝。故选C。
4．B 考查动词辨析。句意：当然，她拒绝了，但当我再次要求并坚持时，她终于上了车。A．conserve保存；B.insist坚持；C.recommend推荐；D.instruct教授。根据“she declines, but when I ask again”可知，在我的坚持下，她才上了车。故选B。
5．D 考查名词辨析。句意：我把她送到目的地，当她从我的车里出来时，她微笑着感谢我。A．departure离开；B.terminal终点站；C.institute协会；D.destination目的地。根据“she gets out of my car”可知，下车了，是因为到目的地了。故选D。
6．A 考查形容词辨析。句意：那天我上班迟到了，但我很高兴我停下来了。A．late迟的；B.loyal忠诚的；C.cute可爱的；D.punctual守时的。根据上文“I'm driving by, late for my early morning shift(轮班)．”可知，我本来就要迟到了。故选A。
7．A 考查名词辨析。句意：那是40年前的事了，也是一个新习惯的开始——一个当我在恶劣的天气里开车时会继续的习惯。A．habit习惯；B.period时期；C.action行为；D.shift转变。根据空前“That was 40 years ago”和空后“one that continues when I'm out driving in bad weather”可知，这是40年前的事，且一直在继续，应为习惯。故选A。
8．C 考查介词辨析。句意：如果有人在公共汽车站等车，尤其是一位老人在公交下班时间和天气不好的时候等车，我会把车停在路边，问他们是否需要搭车。A．for为了；B.over越过；C.off下班，休息；D.by凭借。根据“especially”表示递进关系可知，应是下班时间。故选C。
9．D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果有人在公共汽车站等车，尤其是一位老人在下班时间和天气不好的时候等车，我会把车停在路边，问他们是否需要搭车。A．drive out驱赶；B.come across偶遇；C.switch up转换；D.pull over靠边停车。根据空后“ask if they need a ride”可知，我靠边停车，开始询问。故选D。
10．B 考查名词辨析。句意：我的旅程最精彩的部分就是谈话。A．feedback反馈；B.conversation交谈；C.understanding理解；D.inquiry询问。根据下文“everyone wants to chat”可知，他们交谈聊天。故选B。
11．A 考查副词辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，每个人都想聊天。A．Surprisingly令人惊讶的是；B.Constantly持续不断地；C.Actually实际上；D.Basically基本上。根据上文“I do tend to ask a lot of questions: where are you from, where are you going, family, background, pets and whatever else comes to mind.”以及常识可知，我问的是关于个人隐私的事情，但是很令人惊讶，每个人都想聊天。故选A。
12．B 考查动词辨析。句意：我经常想，当他们跳出来的时候，故事才刚刚开始。A．improved改善；B.started开始；C.created创造；D.constructed建造。根据上文“We are usually laughing by the time the ride is over.”可知，我和他们聊天正开心时，却到了目的地。所以故事刚刚开始，他们却走了。故选B。
13．D 考查动词辨析。句意：随着岁月流逝，也许站在公交车站的人会是我。A．prove证明；B.end结束；C.put放置；D.pass(时间)流逝。根据“the years”可知，应为时间流逝。故选D。
14．C 考查动词辨析。句意：也许会有人摇下车窗，让我坐一会儿。A．bends弯曲；B.falls掉落；C.rolls滚动；D.pours倾倒。根据“down a window and offers me a seat for a little ride”可知，搭便车之前，要摇下车窗询问。roll down为固定搭配，意为“摇下”。故选C。
15．C 考查名词辨析。句意：我会继续相信陌生人的善良。A．conscience良知；B.mercy仁慈；C.faith信任；D.integrity正直。根据上文“That was 40 years ago, and the beginning of a new 7. , one that continues when I'm out driving in bad weather.”可知，我一直让陌生人搭乘，相信陌生人，现在会继续相信陌生人的善良。故选C。
C
(2023·江苏省决胜新高考考前模拟)
I live in New York, and watched the twin towers fall.It was then that I started to think about 1. .I realized people needed to laugh, to 2. themselves again, and thought that with a little 3. I could do it.I took a few classes and 4. picked up the courage to get up on stage.
In New York, comedians are typically young men.It's hard enough to 5. as a woman.As I stepped on stage that first time, I introduced myself, 6. my age and tried my first joke.There was 7. .But by the time I got to the third line, people were 8. .I was hooked.
After the show, people young and old come up to me, saying what a(n) 9. I am.They say they want to be as 10. as me when they reach my age.I'm pleased I can 11. that as an older person you don't need to take a back seat in life.
My friends think I'm 12. .They don't understand why I wouldn't choose to take it easy.But I like 13. the world and you've got to be in touch to be funny.
As an older person in comedy, I do feel as if I've got more to 14. .I have to convince people I'm worthy of being on that stage.I've no intention of edy.I hope to still be performing when I'm 100.
1.A．drawing B．comedy
C．literature D．singing
2.A．enjoy B．protect
C．abandon D．withdraw
3.A．patience B．searching
C．training D．memory
4.A．certainly B．hopefully
C．naturally D．finally
5.A．give up B．break through
C．calm down D．hang out
6.A．hid B．skipped
C．stated D．lowered
7.A．freedom B．pride
C．interest D．silence
8.A．laughing B．leaving
C．complaining D．sleeping
9.A．independent B．disappointment
C．inspiration D．failure
10.A．thoughtful B．active
C．generous D．strict
11.A．warn B．learn
C．imagine D．show
12.A．rich B．mad
C．gifted D．wise
13.A．engaging with B．escaping from
C．shutting out D．taking on
14.A．share B．pray
C．prove D．sacrifice
15.A．changing B．stopping
C．promoting D．understanding
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者在高龄从事喜剧给人们带来欢乐的情况。
1．B 考查名词辨析。句意：就在那时，我开始思考喜剧。A．drawing绘画；B.comedy喜剧；C.literature文学；D.singing唱歌。根据下文“In New York, comedians are typically young men.(在纽约，喜剧演员通常是年轻人。)”可知，作者从事喜剧工作。故选B。
2．A 考查动词辨析。句意：我意识到人们需要笑，需要重新快乐起来，我想只要稍加训练，我就能做到。A．enjoy喜欢，享受；B.protect保护；C.abandon遗弃；D.withdraw撤退，撤回。根据空前“I realized people needed to laugh”可知，作者想让人们重新快乐起来，enjoy oneself表示“过得快乐”，为固定短语。故选A。
3．C 考查名词辨析。句意：我意识到人们需要笑，需要重新快乐起来，我想只要稍加训练，我就能做到。A．patience耐心；B.searching搜索；C.training训练；D.memory记忆。根据下文“I took a few classes”可知，作者认为稍加培训就可以上台。故选C。
4．D 考查副词辨析。句意：我上了几堂课，终于鼓起勇气走上舞台。A．certainly肯定；B.hopefully有希望地；C.naturally自然地；D.finally最后。结合语境可知，作者参加了培训，最后鼓足勇气登上了舞台。故选D。
5．B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：作为一个女性，有所突破足够困难。A．give up放弃；B.break through突破；C.calm down冷静；D.hang out闲逛。根据上文“In New York, comedians are typically young men.”可知，喜剧是男人的天下，女性很难在这领域有突破。故选B。
6．C 考查动词辨析。句意：当我第一次走上舞台时，我做了自我介绍，说明了我的年龄，并试着讲了我的第一个笑话。A．hid躲，藏；B.skipped跳过；C.stated陈述，说明；D.lowered放低。根据空前“I introduced myself”及语境可知，作者是高龄从事喜剧，在这里应该是说明自己的年龄。故选C。
7．D 考查名词辨析。句意：一片寂静。A．freedom自由；B.pride自豪，骄傲；C.interest兴趣，利益；D.silence沉默，无声。根据后面的信息可知，开始的时候观众很安静，后来大家就笑起来了。故选D。
8．A 考查动词辨析。句意：但当我说到第三句的时候，人们都笑了。A．laughing大笑；B.leaving离开；C.complaining抱怨；D.sleeping睡觉。根据下文“I was hooked.(我着迷了。)”可知，观众的反应应是大笑。故选A。
9．C 考查名词辨析。句意：演出结束后，年轻人和老年人都来找我，说我给了很大的鼓舞。A．independent独立自主者；B.disappointment失望；C.inspiration鼓舞；D.failure失败。根据语境及下文提到他们说想要像作者一样可知，作者作为高龄喜剧演员，对他们有励志作用。故选C。
10．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：他们说当他们达到我的年龄时，他们想要像我一样活跃。 A．thoughtful周到的，体贴的；B.active积极的，活跃的；C.generous慷慨的；D.strict严格的。根据下文“as an older person you don't need to take a back seat in life(作为一个老年人，你不需要在生活中退居二线)”可知，作者虽然年龄大了，但是依然很活跃。故选B。
11．D 考查动词辨析。句意：我很高兴我可以证明，作为一个老年人，你不需要在生活中退居二线。A．warn警告；B.learn学习；C.imagine想象；D.show表明。结合空后“as an older person you don't need to take a back seat in life”可知，作者通过自己的事例告诉大家老年人不要躺平。故选D。
12．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：我的朋友认为我疯了。A．rich富裕的；B.mad疯狂的；C.gifted有天赋的；D.wise明智的。根据下文“They don't understand why I wouldn't choose to take it easy.(他们不明白我为什么不选择放松。)”可知，人们不理解为什么作者不安于现状，他们以为作者疯了。故选B。
13．A 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但我喜欢与世界接触，你必须保持联系才能变得有趣。A．engaging with接触，与……交流；B.escaping from从……逃离；C.shutting out把……关在门外，阻断；D.taking on呈现。根据上文作者高龄从事喜剧及下文“you've got to be in touch”可知，作者虽然年纪大了还是主动接触世界。故选A。
14．C 考查动词辨析。句意：作为喜剧界的老演员，我确实觉得自己需要证明的东西更多。A．share分享；B.pray祈祷；C.prove证明；D.sacrifice牺牲。根据语境及下文“I have to convince people I'm worthy of being on that stage.(我得让大家相信我配得上那个舞台。)”可知，作者想向世人证明她是值得在这个舞台上的。故选C。
15．B 考查动词辨析。句意：我无意停止演喜剧。A．changing改变；B.stopping停止；C.promoting促进，推动；D.understanding理解。根据下文“I hope to still be performing when I'm 100.(我希望我100岁的时候还能继续表演。)”可知，作者希望她100岁的时候也在演出，她没有停下来的念头。故选B。
D
(2023·河北省石家庄市高三一模)
Jonathan Jones, 12, was overcome with emotion after his principal, who is also color blind, let him 1. his unique glasses during science class last week.
As soon as Jones put the glasses on, he appeared to be immediately 2. .He initially smiled and laughed, but he 3. moments later.He then walked around the classroom excitedly, 4. the now-vivid colors around him.
“I was feeling joy that I could 5. see all this color...and a little bit of 6. that I couldn't see color my whole life，” Jonathan told ABC news.
The boy's mother posted a(n) 7. of Jonathan seeing color for the first time online and started a GoFundMe campaign to buy a pair of the unique glasses for Jonathan, which reportedly cost $350.However, so many people were 8. by Jonathan's story, and the campaign actually ended up 9. more than $25,000.
She wrote “After posting the video, we've been touched by how many 10. people have wanted to help him.We've had 11. pairs donated to Jonathan and will use 100% of donated funds to purchase color blind glasses for those who can't 12. them.” “The glasses company will 13. every pair we purchase with a free pair, which doubles the number of people we can 14. ，” she continued.
For Jonathan, with the new glasses comes a new 15. of the world.He said his favorite color is blue and he's excited to visit the Caribbean this winter so he can see the ocean in all its glory.
1.A．borrow B．polish
C．remove D．adjust
2.A．disappointed B．annoyed
C．surprised D．embarrassed
3.A．calmed down B．broke down
C．cheered up D．woke up
4.A．mixing B．painting
C．changing D．exploring
5.A．finally B．rarely
C．constantly D．occasionally
6.A．tension B．sadness
C．relief D．shame
7.A．picture B．article
C．video D．introduction
8.A．moved B．shocked
C．confused D．entertained
9.A．loaning B．costing
C．saving D．collecting
10.A．wealthy B．generous
C．competent D．ambitious
11.A．limited B．cheap
C．multiple D．fashionable
12.A．find B．produce
C．fix D．afford
13.A．match B．equip
C．replace D．compare
14.A．treat B．instruct
C．help D．accompany
15.A．future B．view
C．situation D．record
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是12岁的Jonathan Jones患有色盲症，一次科学课上，他的校长借用色盲眼镜给他，这为他打开了看世界的新视角，他的母亲为此发起了GoFundMe活动，为他筹集购买眼镜的资金，也利用筹集的资金帮助那些患有色盲症而买不起色盲眼镜的孩子。
1．A 考查动词辨析。句意：12岁的乔纳森·琼斯上周在科学课上借用了校长的独特的眼镜，他的校长也是色盲，这让他情绪激动。A．borrow借用；B.polish擦亮；C.remove移除；D.adjust调整。根据下文“As soon as Jones put the glasses on, he appeared to be immediately 2. .”可知，校长把眼镜借给了琼斯才有了他戴上眼镜的感受。故选A。
2．C 考查形容词辨析。句意：琼斯一戴上眼镜，他似乎立刻就惊讶了。A．disappointed失望的；B.annoyed恼怒的；C.surprised惊讶的；D.embarrassed尴尬的。根据下文“He initially smiled and laughed, but he 3. moments later.”可知，琼斯戴上眼镜后的表现可以推测他很惊讶。故选C。
3．B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他最初笑了又笑，但片刻后情不自禁地哭起来。A．calmed down平静下来；B.broke down感情失控(痛哭起来)；C.cheered up振作起来；D.woke up唤醒。根据上文“He initially smiled and laughed, but...”的but可知，此处与上文为转折关系，上文激动得大笑，所以此处表示情不自禁地哭起来。故选B。
4．D 考查动词辨析。句意：然后，他兴奋地在教室里走来走去，探索着周围现在鲜艳的色彩。A．mixing混合；B.painting绘画；C.changing改变；D.exploring探索。根据空前“He then walked around the classroom excitedly”可知，他在教室里转来转去，应该是探索他周围的形形色色的世界。故选D。
5．A 考查副词辨析。句意：“我感到高兴的是，我终于可以看到所有这些颜色……还有一点悲伤，我一生都看不到颜色，”乔纳森告诉ABC新闻。A．finally最后；B.rarely很少地；C.constantly连续不断地；D.occasionally偶然。根据空前“I was feeling joy”以及语境可知，琼斯高兴的原因是终于看到了各种各样的颜色。故选A。
6．B 考查名词辨析。句意：“我感到高兴的是，我终于可以看到所有这些颜色……还有一点悲伤，我一生都看不到颜色，”乔纳森告诉ABC新闻。A．tension紧张；B.sadness难过；C.relief轻松；D.shame羞愧。根据空后“I couldn't see color my whole life”可知，一生都看不到颜色，肯定是悲伤的事情。故选B。
7．C 考查名词辨析。句意：男孩的母亲在网上发布了乔纳森第一次看到颜色的视频，并开始了GoFundMe活动，为乔纳森购买一副独特的眼镜，据报道售价350美元。A．picture图画；B.article文章；C.video视频；D.introduction介绍。根据下文“After posting the video, we've been touched by how many 10. people have wanted to help him.”可知，母亲在网上发布的是他第一次看到颜色的视频。故选C。
8．A 考查形容词辨析。句意：然而，很多人被乔纳森的故事所感动，该活动实际上最终筹集了超过25 000美元。A．moved感动的；B.shocked惊讶的；C.confused迷惑的；D.entertained快乐的。根据“the campaign actually ended up 9. more than $25,000”可知，最终该活动筹集了25 000美元，由此可推断，使人们看了琼斯的视频被打动了。故选A。
9．D 考查动词辨析。句意：然而，很多人被乔纳森的故事所感动，该活动实际上最终筹集了超过25 000美元。A．loaning借贷；B.costing花费；C.saving拯救；D.collecting收集。根据上文“and started a GoFundMe campaign to buy a pair of the unique glasses for Jonathan”可知，母亲发起了筹集资金为琼斯买一副独特的眼镜的活动，所以最后筹集到25 000美元。故选D。
10．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：发布视频后，我们被许多慷慨的人想要帮助他所感动。A．wealthy富有的；B.generous慷慨的；C.competent能干的；D.ambitious有抱负的。根据上文“and the campaign actually ended up 9. more than $25,000”可知，能筹集这么多的资金，说明捐款的人是很慷慨的。故选B。
11．C 考查形容词辨析。句意：我们已经向乔纳森捐赠了多副眼镜，并将用100%的捐款为那些买不起色盲眼镜的人购买眼镜。A．limited有限的；B.cheap便宜的；C.multiple多样的；D.fashionable时尚的。结合语境可知，为乔纳森捐赠了多副色盲眼镜。故选C。
12．D 考查动词辨析。句意：我们已经向乔纳森捐赠了多副眼镜，并将用100%的捐款为那些买不起色盲眼镜的人购买眼镜。A．find发现；B.produce生产；C.fix安装；D.afford买得起。根据空前“and will use 100% of donated funds to purchase color blind glasses for those”可知，利用筹集的捐款买色盲眼镜应该是给那些买不起的人。故选D。
13．A 考查动词辨析。句意：她接着说：“眼镜公司将为我们购买的每副眼镜配上一副免费眼镜，这将使我们可以帮助的人数增加一倍。”A．match匹配；B.equip装备；C.replace取代；D.compare比较。根据空后“which doubles the number of people we can 14. ”可知，眼镜公司会给每副眼镜都配一副免费的色盲眼镜，这样就有了双倍的眼镜。故选A。
14．C 考查动词辨析。句意：她接着说：“眼镜公司将为我们购买的每副眼镜配上一副免费眼镜，这将使我们可以帮助的人数增加一倍。”A．treat对待；B.instruct指导；C.help帮助；D.accompany陪伴。根据上文“We've had 11. pairs donated to Jonathan and will use 100% of donated funds to purchase color blind glasses for those who can't 12. them.”可知，我们帮助那些买不起色盲眼镜的人。故选C。
15．B 考查名词辨析。句意：对于乔纳森来说，新眼镜带来了对世界的新视角。A．future未来；B.view视野，视角；C.situation局面；D.record记录。根据下文“He said his favorite color is blue and he's excited to visit the Caribbean this winter so he can see the ocean in all its glory.”可知，乔纳森带上色盲眼镜后，看到的整个世界都不一样了，所以，此处表示为乔纳森看世界打开了一个新的视角。故选B。第三部分 专题一 第5讲
A
(2023·湖北省七市(州)高三一模)
On a long trip to Brisbane we stopped into a service station in Kilcoy for a bathroom break and some fuel.We went into the shop to the bathroom first and then the 1. to pay.My son was a little eccentric (搞怪的) and life loving, as he usually did.He was dancing as he walked, twirling (扭动) his hips and 2. to his own moves.Since I was totally 3. to his moves, it didn't 4. my mind at all until the young gentleman working behind the counter 5. his “brilliant dance routine”．
He told my son that he loved his moves and it was a 6. to see him come into his shop.My boy felt so 7. with himself that he continued to dance around gently as I paid and 8. the gentleman for his kind remarks.As we went to leave, the gentleman gave my boy a lollipop (棒棒糖) as a 9. .I was absolutely blown away by his kindness.It might be 10. , but to us it wasn't.
Not many people 11. the time out of their days to talk to children.However, the young gentleman was more than 12. and happy to have a chat.My son felt important and 13. loved his treat.I also personally really appreciated his kind 14. .As a parent on a long drive with small kids, it is these small acts that will 15. or break our day.
1.A．company B．counter
C．apartment D．hall
2.A．tending B．pointing
C．singing D．adapting
3.A．used B．addicted
C．devoted D．opposed
4.A．clear B．change
C．read D．cross
5.A．expanded on B．concentrated on
C．commented on D．insisted on
6.A．mistake B．delight
C．pity D．comfort
7.A．frustrated B．pleased
C．annoyed D．tired
8.A．thanked B．accepted
C．invited D．assisted
9.A．prize B．treasure
C．treat D．pleasure
10.A．tough B．significant
C．typical D．small
11.A．take B．draw
C．waste D．use
12.A．outgoing B．willing
C．optimistic D．energetic
13.A．hopefully B．slightly
C．curiously D．obviously
14.A．gesture B．attitude
C．thought D．determination
15.A．help B．build
C．make D．ruin
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者一家在旅行途中的服务站结账时，作者的儿子看似搞怪的舞步得到一位陌生小伙的赞许，因而作者心存感谢。
1．B 考查名词辨析。句意：我们先进商店去洗手间，然后到柜台付款。A．company公司；B.counter柜台；C.apartment公寓；D.hall大厅。由上文“On a long trip to Brisbane we stopped into a service station in Kilcoy for a bathroom break and some fuel.”可知，作者一家去服务站上洗手间以及加油，支付费用应该去了柜台。故选B。
2．C 考查动词辨析。句意：他一边走一边跳舞，扭动着臀部，随着自己的动作唱歌。A．tending倾向；B.pointing指向；C.singing唱歌；D.adapting适应。由“He was dancing as he walked, twirling (扭动) his hips”可知，作者儿子当时应该是一边迈着舞步，一边随着舞步哼唱。故选C。
3．A 考查形容词辨析。句意：由于我已经完全习惯了他的动作，直到柜台后面工作的年轻绅士评论他的“精彩的舞蹈套路”时，我才意识到这一点。A．used用过的；B.addicted上瘾的；C.devoted忠诚的；D.opposed强烈反对的。由上文“as he usually did.He was dancing as he walked”可知，作者已完全习惯了儿子手舞足蹈歌唱的模样，be used to习惯于。故选A。
4．D 考查动词辨析。句意：由于我已经完全习惯了他的动作，直到柜台后面工作的年轻绅士评论他的“精彩的舞蹈套路”时，我才意识到这一点。A．clear清理；B.change改变；C.read阅读；D.cross穿越。由“Since I was totally 3. to his moves”可知，作者压根没想过儿子的舞步有多么好，直到听到柜台后面工作的年轻绅士对儿子舞步的评论，作者才脑海中闪过儿子舞步好的念头。故选D。
5．C 考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于我已经完全习惯了他的动作，直到柜台后面工作的年轻绅士评论他的“精彩的舞蹈套路”时，我才意识到这一点。A．expanded on详谈；B.concentrated on专心于；C.commented on评价；D.insisted on坚持。由“brilliant dance routine”和下文“He told my son that he loved his moves”可知，一位小伙子对作者儿子的舞姿做出了评价，呼应下文“his kind remarks”。故选C。
6．B 考查名词辨析。句意：他告诉我的儿子，他喜欢他的动作，看到他走进他的商店是一件很高兴的事。A．mistake错误；B.delight高兴；C.pity遗憾；D.comfort安慰。由“He told my son that he loved his moves”可知，小伙子对作者儿子的舞蹈动作非常喜欢，见到他很高兴。故选B。
7．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：我的儿子对自己感到非常满意，于是在我付钱并感谢这位先生的好评论时，他继续轻轻地跳舞。A．frustrated沮丧的；B.pleased满意的；C.annoyed恼怒的；D.tired疲倦的。由上下文语境可知，作者儿子听了小伙子的赞美后，对自己非常满意，并继续跳着舞。故选B。
8．A 考查动词辨析。句意：我的儿子对自己感到非常满意，于是在我付钱并感谢这位先生的好评论时，他继续轻轻地跳舞。A．thanked感谢；B.accepted接受；C.invited邀请；D.assisted帮助。由上文可知，作者一边付钱一边感谢小伙子对儿子舞步的赞美。故选A。
9．C 考查名词辨析。句意：当我们离开时，这位先生给了我儿子一根棒棒糖作为款待。A．prize奖品；B.treasure宝藏；C.treat款待，请客；D.pleasure高兴。由“the gentleman gave my boy a lollipop(棒棒糖)”可知，小伙子请作者儿子吃了个棒棒糖。故选C。
10．D 考查形容词辨析。句意：它可能很小，但对我们来说并不小。A．tough艰难的；B.significant有重大意义的；C.typical典型的；D.small小的。由上文“the gentleman gave my boy a lollipop(棒棒糖)”可知，小伙子请作者儿子吃棒棒糖，小伙子的善良可能很微小，但在我们看来确是极有分量的。故选D。
11．A 考查动词辨析。句意：没有多少人抽出时间和孩子们交谈。A．take花费；B.draw画；C.waste浪费；D.use使用。由文中作者的观点态度可知，作者认为很少人愿意花时间跟小孩子讲话。故选A。
12．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：然而，这位年轻的绅士非常愿意和高兴地聊一聊。A．outgoing外向的；B.willing愿意的；C.optimistic积极的；D.energetic精力充沛的。由上文“Not many people 11 the time out of their days to talk to children.”和表转折的“However”可知，很少人愿意花时间跟小孩子讲话，而这位年轻小伙愿意和孩子聊天。故选B。
13．D 考查副词辨析。句意：我儿子觉得自己被看重，显然很喜欢他的款待。A．hopefully有希望地；B.slightly轻微地；C.curiously好奇地；D.obviously明显地。由“My son felt important”可知，孩子很显然对这位年轻小伙请客很受用，很喜欢。故选D。
14．A 考查名词辨析。句意：我个人也非常欣赏他的友好姿态。A．gesture姿态；B.attitude态度；C.thought想法；D.determination决心。由上文可知，作者对这位年轻小伙善意的举动很感激，呼应上文的“his kindness”。故选A。
15．C 考查动词辨析。句意：作为一个带着孩子长途旅行的家长，正是这些小小的举动既可以让一天过得愉快，也可以让这一天过得糟糕。A．help帮助；B.build建立；C.make使得；D.ruin破坏。make one's day 意为“使……过得开心”，符合语境。故选C。
B
(2023·山西省晋中市高三二模)
In December 2004, I had just become a professional photographer and was working on a project about the Chao-Ley tribe on a small island in southern Thailand.
One morning, I was due to 1. with a group of six Chao-Ley fishermen in a small boat.The sea was totally 2. .
About 20 minutes after our departure, one of the fishermen pointed to a small white spot far in the distance.It was getting bigger and bigger very quickly.This was a tsunami wave 3. through the ocean like a tornado.We were 4. .I began to feel really 5. .
At some point the captain took control.He told the six of us where to sit, so we would 6. out the boat.My 7. was in my backpack.I wanted to 8. the scene, but I couldn't.Any 9. would imbalance the boat.
Suddenly there was a huge noise.The giant wave hit the boat, but in the split second of 10. , the incredibly skilled captain 11. to swerve (使突然转向) us up and onto the wave.We 12. it for a few seconds.Then the boat glided from the 13. of the wave down into safe waters.
I've been going back to Southeast Asia almost every year since.The 14. I wanted to take on the boat remains “the one that got away”—I think every photographer has one.But mine 15. my life.
1.A．settle down B．turn up
C．set out D．slide in
2.A．still B．vast
C．rough D．different
3.A．roaring B．speeding
C．exploding D．cycling
4.A．stuck B．linked
C．dragged D．pushed
5.A．disappointed B．confused
C．surprised D．scared
6.A．hold B．balance
C．figure D．sort
7.A．camera B．phone
C．laptop D．notebook
8.A．confirm B．restore
C．prove D．capture
9.A．process B．response
C．movement D．sign
10.A．accident B．impact
C．influence D．power
11.A．guaranteed B．struggled
C．determined D．managed
12.A．smoothed B．challenged
C．surfed D．explored
13.A．corner B．side
C．center D．tip
14.A．wave B．memory
C．picture D．backpack
15.A．changed B．directed
C．tested D．exposed
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者刚刚成为一名职业摄影师的时候，去东南亚的一个小岛上拍摄Chao-Ley部落的生活情况，与几个渔民一起经历了海上的死里逃生。作者心中一直难以忘记当时那张未能拍成的照片，因为那是一张改变他人生的照片。
1．C 考查动词短语辨析。句意：一天早晨，我和六名潮莱渔民一起乘小船出发。A．settle down定居，安定下来；B.turn up出现；C.set out 出发，开始；D.slide in下滑，滑入。根据下文“About 20 minutes after our departure”可知，早晨，作者预定和渔民一起出海。故选C。
2．A 考查形容词辨析。句意：大海静悄悄的。A．still静止不动的；B.vast巨大的；C.rough粗糙的，不平的；D.different不同的。根据下文“About 20 minutes after our departure”可知，作者一早就和渔民们出海了，当时的天气应该是风平浪静的，否则他们就不会出发了。此时的“风平浪静”与下文的海啸天气相对比。故选A。
3．B 考查动词辨析。句意：这是一场像龙卷风一样快速穿过海洋的海啸。A．roaring咆哮；B.speeding加速；C.exploding爆发；D.cycling骑自行车。根据上文“It was getting bigger and bigger very quickly.”可知，远处的小白点快速变大，“海啸波”移动速度很快。故选B。
4．A 考查动词辨析。句意：我们被困住了。A．stuck粘，贴；B.linked连接；C.dragged拖拉；D.pushed推，挤。根据上文“This was a tsunami wave 3. through the ocean like a tornado.”可知，“海啸波”移动速度很快，作者他们措手不及，陷入困境。故选A。
5．D 考查形容词辨析。句意：我开始感到非常害怕。A．disappointed失望的；B.confused困惑的；C.surprised惊讶的；D.scared害怕的。根据上文语境可知，作者的小船陷入险境，作者应该是感到非常害怕。故选D。
6．B 考查动词辨析。句意：他告诉我们六个人坐在哪里，这样我们就能使船保持平衡。A．hold握住；B.balance保持平衡；C.figure计算；D.sort整理。根据下文“Any 9. would imbalance the boat.”可知，他们在努力平衡小船。故选B。
7．A 考查名词辨析。句意：我的相机在我的背包里。A．camera照相机；B.phone电话；C.laptop便捷式电脑；D.notebook笔记本。作者的职业身份为摄影师，作者是想捕捉拍摄这不同寻常的一幕，摄影师应该有专业的摄影机。故选A。
8．D 考查动词辨析。句意：我想捕捉到这一幕，但我做不到。A．confirm确定，确认；B.restore恢复；C.prove证实，证明；D.capture捕获。作者的职业身份为摄影师，作者是想捕捉拍摄这一幕。故选D。
9．C 考查名词辨析。句意：任何移动都会使船不平衡。A．process过程；B.response回应；C.movement移动；D.sign标志，迹象。结合常识和空后“imbalance the boat”可知，船上人员的任何移动都会使船不平衡。故选C。
10．B 考查名词辨析。句意：巨浪击中了我们的船，但在撞击的一瞬间，技艺高超的船长成功地将我们转向，使我们上了浪。A．accident事故；B.impact撞击，冲击力；C.influence影响；D.power权力，控制力。 根据上文的巨大噪音和巨浪打在小船上可知，此处指“撞击，冲撞，冲击力”。in the split second of impact表示“在撞击的瞬间”。故选B。
11．D 考查动词辨析。句意：巨浪击中了我们的船，但在撞击的一瞬间，技艺高超的船长成功地将我们转向，使我们上了浪。A．guaranteed保证，担保；B.struggled奋斗；C.determined决定；D.managed设法做到。根据下文“Then the boat glided from the 13. of the wave down into safe waters.”可知，船长成功转向，让小船漂在巨浪之上。故选D。
12．C 考查动词辨析。句意：我们在上面冲浪了几秒钟。A．smoothed使顺利；B.challenged挑战；C.surfed冲浪；D.explored开发，探寻。 根据下文“Then the boat glided from the 13. of the wave down into safe waters.”可知，小船在海浪上漂浮了一段时间。故选C。
13．D 考查名词辨析。句意：然后，小船从浪尖滑到了安全的水域。A．corner角落；B.side边，侧；C.center中心；D.tip尖端。根据“down into safe waters”可知，小船从浪尖滑到安全水域。故选D。
14．C 考查名词辨析。句意：我想在船上拍的照片仍然是“未能拍到的那一张”——我想每个摄影师都有这样一张照片。A．wave挥手，波浪；B.memory记忆；C.picture照片；D.backpack背包，行囊。根据上文“My 7. was in my backpack.I wanted to 8. the scene, but I couldn't.”可知，作者本想拍下这一场景，但未能如愿。故选C。
15．A 考查动词辨析。句意：但我的这张照片改变了我的人生。A．changed改变；B.directed指导；C.tested测试；D.exposed暴露。根据作者叙述的出海经历可知，在生死关头，Chao-Ley部落的人为保证安全，阻止了作者拍照。正是这一张未能拍摄到的照片让作者活了下来，改变了他的命运。故选A。
C
(2023·广东省佛山市高三一模)
Growing up, my parents never forced my brother and me out of our house in Hounslow, but we weren't 1. to live there forever.
My family always had a special 2. for me.Our parents encouraged us to spend time together: meals were eaten as a family and TV viewing was 3. .When I went to university at 18, I knew my messy student apartments were 4. —my real home was back in Hounslow and I was 5. that I could return whenever I wanted to.
When I was 19, my mum passed away.In the following months, I would come back 6. checking in on my dad and 7. him to go shopping and start cooking proper meals.Three years later, I was 8. and I moved back.As I looked for work, I would 9. the meals were eaten together.
10. , two sad men living in a house are less of a family.My dad wanted me to get on and live my life rather than stay trapped in our sorrow.Eventually, in 2018, I got a 11. .It was time for me to gain 12. , and I packed up and left.
Next year will be 10 years since my mum died.Our family home is 13. .My mum's pictures have been replaced with new photographs; her clothes and scent are gone.But, I am 14. that things have become different.I've realized that the home my mum created isn't just a(n) 15. —it is something she instilled (灌输) in us.
1.A．encouraged B．reminded
C．allowed D．persuaded
2.A．plan B．pull
C．request D．pressure
3.A．guaranteed B．shared
C．favored D．scheduled
4.A．inconvenient B．disturbing
C．ordinary D．temporary
5.A．concerned B．convinced
C．grateful D．hopeful
6.A．secretly B．hesitantly
C．regularly D．randomly
7.A．urging B．instructing
C．inviting D．forcing
8.A．out of touch B．out of work
C．in debt D．in pain
9.A．pretend B．find
C．believe D．ensure
10.A．Unusually B．Unbelievably
C．Unfortunately D．Unexpectedly
11.A．gift B．job
C．hobby D．vacation
12.A．experience B．comfort
C．confidence D．independence
13.A．disappearing B．struggling
C．enlarging D．changing
14.A．shocked B．confused
C．glad D．nervous
15.A．place B．meal
C．dream D．image
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述作者对他的家的喜欢，尤其对家人的思念和感恩。
1．A 考查动词辨析。句意：在成长过程中，我的父母从未强迫我和弟弟离开我们在洪斯洛的房子，但我们没有被鼓励永远住在那里。A．encouraged鼓励；B.reminded提醒；C.allowed允许；D.persuaded说服。根据下文“to live there forever”可知，虽然作者的父母从未强迫他和弟弟离开他们在洪斯洛的房子，但是也不会不让他们离开。这样上下文可以构成对比关系。故选A。
2．B 考查名词辨析。句意：我的家人总是对我有特别的吸引力。A．plan计划；B.pull拉力；C.request请求；D.pressure压力。根据下文“Our parents encouraged us to spend time together: meals were eaten as a family and TV viewing was 3. .”可知，作者的家人之间是很和谐温馨的，所以家对他来说有很大的吸引力。故选B。
3．B 考查动词辨析。句意：我们的父母鼓励我们一起度过时光：一家人一起吃饭，一起看电视。A．guaranteed保障；B.shared分享；C.favored喜欢；D.scheduled安排。根据上文“Our parents encouraged us to spend time together: meals were eaten as a family”可知，作者的父母鼓励他们一起度过时光，所以应该是一家人一起吃饭，一起看电视。故选B。
4．D 考查形容词辨析。句意：当我18岁上大学时，我知道我凌乱的学生公寓是临时的，我真正的家是回到洪斯洛，我很感激我可以随时回来。A．inconvenient不便的；B.disturbing令人烦扰的；C.ordinary常见的；D.temporary暂时的。根据下文“my real home was back in Hounslow”可知，作者认为，凌乱的学生公寓是临时的，真正的家是在洪斯洛。故选D。
5．C 考查形容词辨析。句意：当我18岁上大学时，我知道我凌乱的学生公寓是临时的，我真正的家是回到洪斯洛，我很感激我可以随时回来。A．concerned关心的；B.convinced确信的；C.grateful感谢的；D.hopeful满怀希望的。根据下文“that I could return whenever I wanted to”可知，作者应该是很感激可以随时回家。故选C。
6．C 考查副词辨析。句意：在接下来的几个月里，我会定期回来看望我的父亲，并督促他去购物，开始做适当的饭菜。A．secretly秘密地；B.hesitantly犹豫地；C.regularly规律地；D.randomly随意地。根据上文“When I was 19, my mum passed away.”可知，作者的母亲去世了，所以他应该是经常回家看父亲。故选C。
7．A 考查动词辨析。句意：在接下来的几个月里，我会定期回来看望我的父亲，并督促他去购物，开始做适当的饭菜。A．urging催促；B.instructing指示；C.inviting邀请；D.forcing迫使。根据上文“When I was 19, my mum passed away.In the following months, I would come back 6. checking in on my dad”可知，作者的母亲去世了，所以他应该是经常回家看父亲，并督促父亲学会照顾好自己。故选A。
8．C 考查介词短语辨析。句意：三年后，我负债累累，搬了回来。A．out of touch够不到；B.out of work失业；C.in debt欠账；D.in pain痛苦。根据上文“When I went to university at 18”，“Three years later”和下文“As I looked for work”可知，作者大学毕业要找工作，所以身上没有钱，应该是负债的情况。故选C。
9．D 考查动词辨析。句意：当我找工作的时候，我会确保一起吃饭。A．pretend假装；B.find发现；C.believe相信；D.ensure确保。根据下文“the meals were eaten together”可知，虽然作者在找工作，但是他仍然会确保跟父亲一起吃饭。故选D。
10．C 考查副词辨析。句意：不幸的是，住在一所房子里的两个悲伤的男人不太像一个家庭。A．Unusually不寻常地；B.Unbelievably难以置信地；C.Unfortunately不幸地；D.Unexpectedly出乎意料地。根据下文“two sad men living in a house are less of a family”可知，这样的状况对他们来说是很不幸的。故选C。
11．B 考查名词辨析。句意：最终，在2018年，我获得了一份工作。A．gift礼物；B.job工作；C.hobby爱好；D.vacation假期。根据上文“As I looked for work”可知，作者是要找工作。故选B。
12．D 考查名词辨析。句意：是我获得独立的时候了，我收拾行李离开了。A．experience经历；B.comfort安慰；C.confidence自信；D.independence独立。根据下文“and I packed up and left”可知，作者是要开始自己的独立生活了。故选D。
13．D 考查动词辨析。句意：我们的家庭正在改变。A．disappearing消失；B.struggling挣扎；C.enlarging扩大；D.changing改变。根据下文“My mum's pictures have been replaced with new photographs; her clothes and scent are gone.”可知，作者的家里发生了改变。故选D。
14．C 考查形容词辨析。句意：但是，我很高兴事情变得不同了。A．shocked震惊的；B.confused困惑的；C.glad高兴的；D.nervous紧张的。根据下文“I've realized that the home my mum created isn't just a(n) 15. —it is something she instilled (灌输) in us.”可知，作者对家里的改变很满意。故选C。
15．A 考查名词辨析。句意：我意识到，我妈妈创造的家不仅仅是一个地方，还是她灌输给我们的东西。A．place地方；B.meal饭；C.dream梦想；D.image形象。根据上文“the home my mum created”可知，这里指妈妈创造的家，是一个地方。故选A。
D
(2023·安徽省马鞍山市高三三模)
It's been said the power is in your hands to become anything you want to become.For Dewitt resident Jerome Schafer, that's 1. ! Schafer is a builder by trade, but his other 2. is letting his hands dance across a piano keyboard.
For the last six years, Schafer has been 3. the residents of Clinton County's Gunnisonville Meadows Assisted Living Center to 4. some of the “classics” as he calls them.“I'm playing a lot of songs.I 5. many years to the 30s, 40s and like that，” he said.
Joe Smith is a 6. listener.“He plays here every Wednesday.I wouldn't miss it，” Smith said.“He 7. about 10?30 in the morning and plays until 11?30.” Anita Iocco says listening to Schafer play is the 8. of her week.“I wouldn't miss it.I always 9. of being here，” she said.
Schafer has been playing music since he was 14 years old, and 80 years later, he is still playing.He says he hasn't had any formal 10. lessons and doesn't read music.
His granddaughter, Nicole Yabs, drives him to and from the 11. concert.Yabs says Wednesdays with her 12. are her favorite part of the week.“I don't think a lot of people 13. the time that they spend with their grandparents, but I know that I 14. value that，” she said.
Schafer says he'll keep playing as long as he can.“I 15. seeing the people enjoying it, so that's enough for me，” he said.
1.A．true B．fantastic
C．initial D．ideal
2.A．career B．quality
C．talent D．budget
3.A．treating B．visiting
C．leading D．following
4.A．teach B．learn
C．read D．play
5.A．go back B．put on
C．take off D．look forward
6.A．choosy B．sympathetic
C．professional D．regular
7.A．sings B．comes
C．waits D．rests
8.A．application B．preparation
C．highlight D．responsibility
9.A．lose control B．take a note
C．keep track D．make a point
10.A．piano B．tennis
C．cooking D．trade
11.A．classical B．evening
C．weekly D．closing
12.A．mother B．grandmother
C．father D．grandfather
13.A．appreciate B．waste
C．keep D．need
14.A．properly B．definitely
C．easily D．secretly
15.A．avoid B．admit
C．enjoy D．remember
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述德威特建筑工人杰罗姆·谢弗把一生的时间都花在了演奏他喜欢的古典音乐上，这体现了权力掌握在自己手中，你可以成为任何你想成为的人。
1．A 考查形容词辨析。句意：对于德威特居民杰罗姆·谢弗来说，这就是真的！A．true真的；B.fantastic极好的；C.initial最初的；D.ideal理想的。根据下文“Schafer is a builder by trade, but his other 2. is letting his hands dance across a piano keyboard.”可知，作为建筑工人的谢弗来说，他仍然做到了去做自己喜欢做的事情，所以他有能力掌控自己的命运，成为了他想成为的人。故选A。
2．C 考查名词辨析。句意：Schafer是一名建筑工人，但他的另一个才能是让他的手在钢琴键盘上跳舞。A．career职业；B.quality品质；C.talent才能；D.budget预算。根据空后“letting his hands dance across a piano keyboard”可知，弹奏钢琴是谢弗的另一项才能。故选C。
3．B 考查动词辨析。句意：在过去的六年里，Schafer一直在拜访克林顿县Gunnisonville Meadows辅助生活中心的居民演奏一些他称之为“经典”的歌曲。A．treating对待；B.visiting拜访；C.leading引导；D.following跟随。根据空后“the residents of Clinton County's Gunnisonville Meadows Assisted Living Center”可知，谢弗应该是拜访那里的居民们。故选B。
4．D 考查动词辨析。句意：在过去的六年里，Schafer一直在拜访克林顿县Gunnisonville Meadows辅助生活中心的居民演奏一些他称之为“经典”的歌曲。A．teach教；B.learn学习；C.read读；D.play玩。根据下文“I'm playing a lot of songs.I 5. many years to the 30s, 40s and like that”可知，他是在演奏音乐。故选D。
5．A 考查动词短语辨析。句意：“我演奏了很多歌曲。我可以追溯到很多年前的三、四十年代，”他说。A．go back回去；B.put on穿上；C.take off脱掉；D.look forward往前看。根据空后“to the 30s, 40s”可知，这是指回到三、四十年代。故选A。
6．D 考查形容词辨析。句意：乔·史密斯是一位稳定的听众。A．choosy精挑细选的；B.sympathetic同情的；C.professional专业的；D.regular稳定的。根据下文“‘He plays here every Wednesday.I wouldn't miss it，’ Smith said.”可知，史密斯每周三都去听演奏，所以他是一位稳定的听众。故选D。
7．B 考查动词辨析。句意：他大约在上午10?30左右过来，一直演奏到11?30。A．sings唱歌；B.comes来；C.waits等待；D.rests休息。根据空后“about 10?30 in the morning and plays until 11?30”可知，谢弗上午10?30左右过来，然后一直演奏到11?30。故选B。
8．C 考查名词辨析。句意：安妮塔·伊奥科说，听谢弗的演奏是她一周的亮点。A．application申请；B.preparation准备；C.highlight最精彩的部分；D.responsibility责任。根据下文“‘I wouldn't miss it.I always 9. of being here，’ she said.”可知，安妮塔·伊奥科非常喜欢听谢弗的演奏，所以听演奏的那个时间段是最令她激动的时候。故选C。
9．D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：“我不会错过的。我特意在这里，”她说。A．lose control失控；B.take a note做笔记；C.keep track跟踪；D.make a point特意，故意。根据上文“I wouldn't miss it”可知，只要谢弗演奏，安妮塔·伊奥科就会特意去听。make a point意为“特意；故意”。故选D。
10．A 考查名词辨析。句意：他说他没有上过任何正式的钢琴课，也读不懂音乐。A．piano钢琴；B.tennis网球；C.cooking做饭；D.trade贸易。根据上文“but his other 2. is letting his hands dance across a piano keyboard”可知，谢弗是弹奏钢琴的。故选A。
11．C 考查形容词辨析。句意：他的孙女妮可·亚布斯开车送他参加每周的音乐会。A．classical经典的；B.evening晚上的；C.weekly每周一次的；D.closing接近尾声的。根据上文“He plays here every Wednesday.”可知，谢弗的钢琴弹奏是每周一次。故选C。
12．D 考查名词辨析。句意：Yabs说，星期三和祖父在一起是她一周中最喜欢的时间。A．mother母亲；B.grandmother祖母；C.father父亲；D.grandfather祖父。根据上文“His granddaughter”可知，谢弗是妮可·亚布斯的祖父。故选D。
13．A 考查动词辨析。句意：“我认为很多人都不喜欢和祖父母在一起的时间，但我知道我绝对重视这一点，”她说。A．appreciate享受；B.waste浪费；C.keep保持；D.need需要。根据空后“the time that they spend with their grandparents”可知，很多人不懂得享受和祖父母在一起的时间。故选A。
14．B 考查副词辨析。句意：“我认为很多人都不喜欢和祖父母在一起的时间，但我知道我绝对重视这一点，”她说。A．properly恰当地；B.definitely绝对地；C.easily容易地；D.secretly秘密地。根据“but”可知，上下文是转折关系，其他很多人不懂得享受和祖父母在一起的时间，而Yabs却很喜欢。故选B。
15．C 考查动词辨析。句意：“我喜欢看到人们享受它，所以这对我来说已经足够了，”他说。A．avoid避免；B.admit承认；C.enjoy享受；D.remember记得。根据空后“seeing the people enjoying it, so that's enough for me”可知，当谢弗看到有人喜欢他的演奏时，他是很享受的。故选C。第三部分 专题一 第6讲
A
(2023·黑龙江省大庆市高三二模)
Tom Brady has confirmed that, after his playing career is done, he will turn his attention to TV, becoming NFL (National Football League) lead analyst for Fox.Unquestionably, he has every 1. name, looks, resume (资历) to break salary records and even overshadow the game he's 2. .
But everybody has to 3. somewhere and, if history is a guide, Brady will 4. some growing pains, the way every analyst does.
Surely, that's no 5. to Brady.He has spent more than 20 years answering questions on the other side of the microphone, 6. how TV people and other media members 7. their jobs and expressing ideas or facts in a short and 8. way.Chances are that he's not going to be overly 9. in front of a camerA．
That's not to say it's 10. .In fact, going from being a top-level quarterback (四分卫) to someone learning a new 11. while under the microphone can be 12. daunting (令人畏缩的)．
“You go from being great at something to 13. if you're ever going to be good at anything else，” said Hall of Fame quarterback Kurt Warner, now an NFL Network analyst.
“You have to 14. that battle just like anybody else who goes from one job to another.”
“You have to build your 15. up and figure out who you want to be.”
1.A．excuse B．title
C．quality D．ability
2.A．covering B．promoting
C．watching D．describing
3.A．live B．stay
C．hide D．start
4.A．refer to B．get rid of
C．go through D．face up to
5.A．exception B．secret
C．change D．fantasy
6.A．observing B．discussing
C．recording D．understanding
7.A．evaluate B．do
C．divide D．keep
8.A．rude B．cold
C．normal D．clear
9.A．nervous B．sensitive
C．superior D．forgetful
10.A．ideal B．boring
C．easy D．stressful
11.A．career B．technique
C．sport D．system
12.A．still B．always
C．too D．quite
13.A．predicting B．wondering
C．guessing D．deciding
14.A．avoid B．refuse
C．fight D．win
15.A．knowledge B．characteristic
C．reputation D．confidence
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍美国职业美式橄榄球运动员汤姆·布雷迪怎样从运动员成为分析师的成长经历。
1．C 考查名词辨析。句意：毫无疑问，他拥有所有高质量的名字、长相、简历，以打破工资记录，甚至掩盖了他所报道的比赛。A．excuse借口；B.title标题；C.quality质量；D.ability能力。根据上文“Tom Brady has confirmed that, after his playing career is done, he will turn his attention to TV, becoming NFL (National Football League) lead analyst for Fox.”和常识可知，Tom Brady是美国职业美式橄榄球运动员，所以无论是名字，长相还是简历都是高质量的。故选C。
2．A 考查动词辨析。句意：毫无疑问，他拥有所有高质量的名字、长相、简历，以打破工资记录，甚至掩盖了他所报道的比赛。A．covering报道；B.promoting提升；C.watching观看；D.describing描述。根据上文“Tom Brady has confirmed that, after his playing career is done, he will turn his attention to TV, becoming NFL (National Football League) lead analyst for Fox.”可知，他成为了美国国家橄榄球联盟首席分析师，应该是报道比赛。故选A。
3．D 考查动词辨析。句意：但每个人都必须从某个地方开始，如果历史是一个向导，布雷迪将经历一些成长的痛苦，就像每个分析师所做的那样。A．live生活；B.stay停留；C.hide隐藏；D.start开始。根据“somewhere and, if history is a guide”可知，每个人都一样，要从某个地方开始。故选D。
4．C 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但每个人都必须从某个地方开始，如果历史是一个向导，布雷迪将经历一些成长的痛苦，就像每个分析师所做的那样。A．refer to提到；B.get rid of摆脱；C.go through经历；D.face up to正视。根据“some growing pains”和常识可知，每个人都要经历成长的痛苦。故选C。
5．B 考查名词辨析。句意：当然，这对布雷迪来说不是秘密。A．exception例外；B.secret秘密；C.change变化；D.fantasy幻想。根据下文“He has spent more than 20 years answering questions on the other side of the microphone”可知，他是公众人物，所以经历的这些事情不是秘密。故选B。
6．A 考查动词辨析。句意：他花了20多年的时间在麦克风的另一边回答问题，观察电视人和其他媒体人是如何工作的，并以简短而清晰的方式表达想法或事实。A．observing观察；B.discussing讨论；C.recording记录；D.understanding理解。根据“how TV people and other media members 7. their jobs and expressing ideas or facts”可知，观察电视人和其他媒体人怎么工作的，因为他是由运动员转变成分析师的。故选A。
7．B 考查动词辨析。句意：他花了20多年的时间在麦克风的另一边回答问题，观察电视人和其他媒体人是如何工作的，并以简短而清晰的方式表达想法或事实。A．evaluate评估；B.do做；C.divide分成；D.keep保持。根据“their jobs”可知，是做工作。故选B。
8．D 考查形容词辨析。句意：他花了20多年的时间在麦克风的另一边回答问题，观察电视人和其他媒体人是如何工作的，并以简短而清晰的方式表达想法或事实。A．rude粗鲁的；B.cold冷的；C.normal正常的；D.clear清晰的。和“short”并列，应该是简短而清晰的方式。故选D。
9．A 考查形容词辨析。句意：很有可能他在镜头前不会过于紧张。A．nervous紧张的；B.sensitive敏感的；C.superior优良的；D.forgetful健忘的。根据“in front of a camera”和常识可知，布雷迪以前就是公众人物，所以在镜头前应该不会过于紧张。故选A。
10．C 考查形容词辨析。句意：这并不是说这很容易。A．ideal理想的；B.boring无聊的；C.easy容易的；D.stressful有压力的。根据下文“going from being a top-level quarterback (四分卫) to someone learning a new 11. ”可知，职业的转变对布雷迪来说并不容易。故选C。
11．A 考查名词辨析。句意：事实上，从一个顶级四分卫到一个在麦克风下学习新职业的人是相当令人生畏的。A．career职业；B.technique技巧；C.sport运动；D.system系统。根据上文可知，布雷迪从运动员转变成一个分析师，应该是职业的转变。故选A。
12．D 考查副词辨析。句意：事实上，从一个顶级四分卫到一个在麦克风下学习新职业的人是相当令人生畏的。A．still仍然；B.always总是；C.too太；D.quite十分。根据上文“if history is a guide, Brady will 4. some growing pains, the way every analyst does”可知，布雷迪从运动员转变成一个分析师也是要经历成长的痛苦，新职业新身份的转变，从一个顶级四分卫到一个在麦克风下学习新职业的人也是相当令人生畏的。故选D。
13．B 考查动词辨析。句意：名人堂四分卫库尔特·华纳现在是NFL网络分析师，他说：“你从擅长某件事到怀疑你是否会擅长其他任何事情。” A．predicting预测；B.wondering想知道；C.guessing猜测；D.deciding决定。根据“if you're ever going to be good at anything else”可知，一个人擅长一件事也想知道是否擅长其他任何事情。故选B。
14．C 考查动词辨析。句意：你必须像其他从一个工作到另一个工作的人一样打这场战斗。A．avoid避免；B.refuse拒绝；C.fight斗争；D.win赢。根据“that battle”可知，是去战斗。故选C。
15．D 考查名词辨析。句意：你必须建立自信，并弄清楚你想成为什么样的人。A．knowledge知识；B.characteristic特点；C.reputation名誉；D.confidence信心。根据上文“You have to 14. that battle just like anybody else who goes from one job to another.”可知，从一个工作到另一个工作的转换需要建立信心。故选D。
B
(2023·山东省潍坊市安丘市高三3月过程检测)
Like many people, public speaking once filled me with fear.As a writer, I felt much more 1. expressing myself on the page, rather than on the 2. .Strangely, I found that the feelings of 3. to be perfectly tolerable; 4. , I was concerned with the ways that others would perceive my nervous energy.A slight change of 5. , the unconscious biting of my lip—I assured that I'd be 6. for any non-verbal signal that showed my lack of 7. .I was experiencing anxiety about my anxiety—consequences that made the whole task feel much more 8. .
You might have 9. this yourself before a job interview or important work meeting in front of senior colleagues.And the more you try to 10. your feelings, the more obvious they appear to others.
According to a striking new study, however, these concerns may be 11. .Jamie Whitehouse, a research fellow at Nottingham Trent University in the UK, has shown that visible signs of stress are often 12. , leaving others more likely to like us and treat us 13. .If so, then we need not try so hard to 14. a calm-and-collected poker face, safe in the knowledge that people will relate well to our 15. .
1.A．anxious B．comfortable
C．cautious D．hesitant
2.A．exam room B．video call
C．stage center D．teacher's desk
3.A．burden B．loneliness
C．conflict D．anxiety
4.A．besides B．instead
C．therefore D．otherwise
5.A．voice B．appearance
C．attitude D．routine
6.A．paused B．rejected
C．assessed D．warned
7.A．knowledge B．experience
C．process D．confidence
8.A．astonishing B．terrifying
C．pressing D．confusing
9.A．noticed B．refreshed
C．mentioned D．supposed
10.A．permit B．declare
C．hide D．deserve
11.A．practical B．inaccurate
C．unpredictable D．unnecessary
12.A．appealing B．annoying
C．frustrating D．convincing
13.A．warmly B．apparently
C．curiously D．casually
14.A．remind B．require
C．wander D．maintain
15.A．attention B．expectation
C．emotions D．appreciation
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了作者恐惧公开演讲，而且害怕别人看出自己紧张和不自信。然而，根据一项引人注目的新研究，这些担忧可能是不必要的。研究指出压力的明显迹象通常很有吸引力，让别人更有可能喜欢我们，热情地对待我们。
1．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：作为一名作家，比起站在舞台中央，我更愿意在纸上表达自己。A．anxious焦虑的；B.comfortable舒服的，自在的；C.cautious谨慎的；D.hesitant犹豫的。根据上文“Like many people, public speaking once filled me with fear.(和许多人一样，公开演讲曾让我充满恐惧。)”可知，作者更喜欢在纸上表达自己，即纸上表达自己更自在。故选B。
2．C 考查名词短语辨析。句意：作为一名作家，比起站在舞台中央，我更愿意在纸上表达自己。A．exam room考场；B.video call视频电话；C.stage center舞台中央；D.teacher's desk老师的课桌。根据上文“Like many people, public speaking once filled me with fear.”可知，作者不喜欢公开演讲，站在舞台中央。故选C。
3．D 考查名词辨析。句意：奇怪的是，我发现焦虑的感觉是完全可以忍受的；相反，我关心的是别人会如何看待我紧张的情绪。A．burden负担；B.loneliness孤独；C.conflict冲突；D.anxiety焦虑。根据下文“others would perceive my nervous energy”可知，这里指焦虑的感受。故选D。
4．B 考查副词辨析。句意：奇怪的是，我发现焦虑的感觉是完全可以忍受的；相反，我关心的是别人会如何看待我紧张的情绪。A．besides此外；B.instead相反；C.therefore因此；D.otherwise否则。根据下文“I was concerned with the ways that others would perceive my nervous energy”可知，反而却是别人如何看自己的紧张情绪让作者更加关心。故选B。
5．A 考查名词辨析。句意：声音的轻微变化，无意识地咬嘴唇——我确信我会被评估任何显示我缺乏自信的非语言信号。A．voice嗓音；B.appearance外表；C.attitude态度；D.routine常规。根据下文“the unconscious biting of my lip”可知，这里是在描述作者紧张时的活动，公开演讲肯定是嗓音有变化。故选A。
6．C 考查动词辨析。句意：声音的轻微变化，无意识地咬嘴唇——我确信我会被评估任何显示我缺乏自信的非语言信号。A．paused暂停；B.rejected拒绝；C.assessed评估；D.warned警告。根据“for any non-verbal signal”可知，作者确信他人会评估自己缺乏自信的肢体语言。故选C。
7．D 考查名词辨析。句意：声音的轻微变化，无意识地咬嘴唇——我确信我会被评估任何显示我缺乏自信的非语言信号。A．knowledge知识；B.experience经历；C.process过程；D.confidence自信。结合上文可知，作者害怕公开演讲，且担心别人发现自己的紧张情绪，作者会无意识地咬嘴唇，这都是缺乏自信的表现。故选D。
8．C 考查形容词辨析。句意：我对自己的焦虑感到焦虑——这导致整个任务变得更加紧迫。A．astonishing惊人的；B.terrifying可怕的；C.pressing紧迫的；D.confusing令人困惑的。根据上文“I was experiencing anxiety about my anxiety—consequences that made the whole task feel much more”可知，作者对自己的焦虑感到焦虑导致整个任务变得更加紧迫。故选C。
9．A 考查动词辨析。句意：在面试或重要的工作会议上，你可能已经在资深同事面前注意到了这一点。A．noticed注意到；B.refreshed使恢复精神；C.mentioned提及；D.supposed认为。根据下文“this yourself before a job interview or important work meeting in front of senior colleagues”可知，在面试或重要的工作会议上，在资深同事面前注意到自己的焦虑情绪。故选A。
10．C 考查动词辨析。句意：你越试图隐藏自己的情绪，别人就会越明显地感觉到。A．permit允许；B.declare宣布；C.hide隐藏；D.deserve值得。根据“your feelings, the more obvious they appear to others”可知，越是试图隐藏自己的焦虑，别人就会越明显地感觉到。故选C。
11．D 考查形容词辨析。句意：然而，根据一项引人注目的新研究，这些担忧可能是不必要的。A．practical实际的；B.inaccurate不准确的；C.unpredictable不可预测的；D.unnecessary不必要的。下文提到“压力的明显迹象通常很有吸引力，让别人更有可能喜欢我们，热情地对待我们”说明担心别人如何看待自己焦虑的想法是不必要的。故选D。
12．A 考查形容词辨析。句意：英国诺丁汉特伦特大学研究员Jamie Whitehouse表示，压力的明显迹象通常很有吸引力，让别人更有可能喜欢我们，热情地对待我们。A．appealing吸引人的；B.annoying恼人的；C.frustrating令人沮丧的；D.convincing令人信服的。根据下文“leaving others more likely to like us”可知，压力的明显迹象通常很有吸引力，让别人更有可能喜欢我们。故选A。
13．A 考查副词辨析。句意：英国诺丁汉特伦特大学研究员Jamie Whitehouse表示，压力的明显迹象通常很有吸引力，让别人更有可能喜欢我们，热情地对待我们。A．warmly热情地；B.apparently显然；C.curiously好奇地；D.casually随意地。根据上文“leaving others more likely to like us and treat us”可知，别人更有可能喜欢我们，热情地对待我们。故选A。
14．D 考查动词辨析。句意：如果是这样的话，那么我们就不需要那么努力地保持一张冷静和镇定的扑克脸，因为我们知道人们会很好地理解我们的情感。A．remind提醒；B.require需要；C.wander漫游；D.maintain维持，保持。根据下文“a calm-and-collected poker face”可知，保持一张冷静和镇静的扑克脸。故选D。
15．C 考查名词辨析。句意：如果是这样的话，那么我们就不需要那么努力地保持一张冷静和镇定的扑克脸，因为我们知道人们会很好地理解我们的情感。A．attention注意力；B.expectation期待；C.emotions情感；D.appreciation感激。上文提到紧张可以让他人对我们很热情，说明别人能理解自己的情感。故选C。
C
(2023·安徽省合肥市第八中学高三最后一卷)
Students at an elementary school in California, with the help of their art teacher, created a telephone hotline that people can call to get 1. advice from kids during difficult times.In just days, the hotline began getting thousands of calls an hour.
Jessica Martin, who teaches art at West Side School in Healdsburg, California, 2. her students just might have the magic words needed to bring 3. to people in these difficult times.“To hear the pure 4. from kids is extremely comforting，” she says.
The project was called “PepToc”．Actually, they called it “Pep Talk” (鼓励话语) first.But when Ms.Martin's 6-year-old son drew an advertisement for the hotline and 5. it “PepToc”， they 6. they liked that even better.
The hotline is 7. in English and Spanish.It offers the happy voices of 8. of different ages sharing positive messages.For example, by pressing 3, you can 9. a group of kindergartners saying together, “You can do it! Keep trying! Don't give up！” Pressing 4 10. the sounds of children giggling and laughing—a sound certain to bring a 11. to anyone's face.Pressing 1 12. ideas for people who are “feeling mad, frustrated, or 13. ”．Helpful suggestions include “punch your pillow”， or “go get a cookie”．Pressing 2 results in “words of 14. and life advice”．This includes messages like “The 15. is a better place with you in it.”
1.A．reasonable B．rare
C．mysterious D．cheerful
2.A．thought B．complained
C．declared D．insisted
3.A．wealth B．attention
C．calm D．luck
4.A．comment B．joy
C．praise D．mind
5.A．pronounced B．typed
C．spelled D．drew
6.A．decided B．learned
C．changed D．assumed
7.A．spoken B．memorable
C．popular D．available
8.A．callers B．children
C．artists D．operators
9.A．witness B．suggest
C．catch D．hear
10.A．generates B．records
C．analyzes D．breaks
11.A．mark B．wrinkle
C．smile D．tear
12.A．brings up B．laughs at
C．gives away D．turns to
13.A．distracted B．content
C．peaceful D．nervous
14.A．management B．encouragement
C．judgement D．argument
15.A．hotline B．world
C．school D．street
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。介绍了加利福尼亚州一所小学的学生在艺术老师的帮助下创建的一条电话热线，给人们带来了开心和鼓励。
1．D 考查形容词辨析。句意：加利福尼亚州一所小学的学生在艺术老师的帮助下创建了一条电话热线，人们可以在困难时期拨打该热线，从孩子们那里获得愉快的建议。A．reasonable合理的；B.rare罕见的；C.mysterious神秘的；D.cheerful高兴的。空后“during difficult times”指出是在困难时期寻求建议，应该是要寻求积极向上、令人开心的建议。故选D。
2．A 考查动词辨析。句意：杰西卡·马丁在加利福尼亚州希尔兹堡的西区学校教授艺术，她认为她的学生可能会掌握在这些困难时期给人们带来平静所需的神奇词汇。A．thought认为；B.complained抱怨；C.declared宣称；D.insisted坚持。上文“Students at an elementary school in California, with the help of their art teacher, created a telephone hotline”指出学生们创建电话热线是在老师的帮助之下，因此可推测老师肯定认为这一通热线是有意义的。故选A。
3．C 考查名词辨析。句意：杰西卡·马丁在加利福尼亚州希尔兹堡的西区学校教授艺术，她认为她的学生可能会掌握在这些困难时期给人们带来平静所需的神奇词汇。A．wealth财富；B.attention注意力；C.calm平静；D.luck运气。下文“To hear the pure 4. from kids is extremely comforting”指出拨打热线会让人感到舒服，即它给予人们的是心情上好的转变，变得平静。故选C。
4．B 考查名词辨析。句意：“从孩子们那里听到纯粹的快乐是非常令人欣慰的，”她说。A．comment评论；B.joy愉悦，快乐；C.praise表扬；D.mind思想。下文“It offers the happy voices...”指出该热线提供快乐的声音，能带给人愉悦。故选B。
5．C 考查动词辨析。句意：但当马丁6岁的儿子为热线画一个广告并拼写为“PepToc”时，他们决定更喜欢这个。A．pronounced宣布；B.typed打字；C.spelled拼写；D.drew画。上文“Actually, they called it ‘Pep Talk’(鼓励话语) first.(事实上，他们首先称之为‘鼓励话语’。)”指出，最初该热线是另一个名字，和老师的儿子提供的存在字母上的差异，可推测这是老师6岁的儿子把单词拼写错了。故选C。
6．A 考查动词辨析。句意：但当马丁6岁的儿子为热线画一个广告并拼写为“PepToc”时，他们决定更喜欢这个。A．decided决定；B.learned学习；C.changed改变；D.assumed认为。上文“The project was called ‘PepToc’．(该项目被称为‘PepToc’。)”指出该热线的名字为“PepToc”，是由最初的名字改过来的，表明在得到“PepToc”这个名字之后，他们决定选择后者而不是最初的名字。故选A。
7．D 考查形容词辨析。句意：热线电话有英文和西班牙文两种版本。A．spoken口头的；B.memorable值得纪念的；C.popular流行的；D.available可用的。下文“in English and Spanish”指出该热线可以通过两种语言拨打。故选D。
8．B 考查名词辨析。句意：它提供不同年龄段的儿童快乐的声音，分享积极的信息。A．callers呼叫者；B.children孩子；C.artists艺术家；D.operators操作员。上文“Students at an elementary school in California, with the help of their art teacher, created a telephone hotline that people can call to get 1. advice from kids during difficult times.”指出该热线是小学生创建的，因此听到的声音肯定是孩子们的。故选B。
9．D 考查动词辨析。句意：例如，按3，你可以听到一群幼儿园的孩子一起说：“你能行！继续努力！不要放弃！”A．witness目击；B.suggest建议；C.catch抓住；D.hear听见。上文“‘To hear the pure joy from kids is extremely comforting，’ she says.”指出拨打热线能够听到孩子们的快乐。故选D。
10．A 考查动词辨析。句意：按4，会产生孩子们咯咯笑的声音——这种声音肯定会让任何人都会心一笑。A．generates产生；B.records记录；C.analyzes分析；D.breaks打破。上文“It offers the happy voices of children of different ages sharing positive messages.”指出只要拨打热线，就能听到不同的儿童快乐的声音，此处指的是按下4热线那头就传来笑声，即有笑声产生。故选A。
11．C 考查名词辨析。句意：按4，会产生孩子们咯咯笑的声音——这种声音肯定会让任何人都会心一笑。A．mark记号；B.wrinkle皱纹；C.smile微笑；D.tear眼泪。上文“‘To hear the pure joy from kids is extremely comforting，’ she says.”指出拨打热线让人舒服，听到孩子们的笑声，任何人的脸上会出现跟笑声一样的笑容。故选C。
12．A 考查动词词组辨析。句意：按1，会给那些“感到精神错乱、沮丧或紧张”的人带来一些想法。A．brings up调出，带来；B.laughs at嘲笑；C.gives away泄露；D.turns to向……求助。下文“Helpful suggestions include ‘punch your pillow’， or ‘go get a cookie’．(有用的建议包括‘打枕头’或‘去拿饼干’。)”指出这些建议是按1这个动作带来的。故选A。
13．D 考查形容词辨析。句意：按1，会给那些“感到精神错乱、沮丧或紧张”的人带来一些想法。A．distracted思想不集中的；B.content满意的；C.peaceful平和的；D.nervous紧张的。上文“feeling mad, frustrated, or”指出按1的人是精神错乱或者沮丧的人，因此空处的用于表明人的状况的词也和这两个词一样指出精神状态的问题。故选D。
14．B 考查名词辨析。句意：按2，会得到“鼓励和生活建议的话语”。A．management管理；B.encouragement鼓励；C.judgement判断；D.argument争论。下文“The...is a better place with you in it.”对拨打热线的人给予了表扬，这是一种鼓励。故选B。
15．B 考查名词辨析。句意：其中包括诸如“有你在，世界会变得更美好。”之类的信息。A．hotline热线；B.world世界；C.school学校；D.street街道。上文“Students at an elementary school in California, with the help of their art teacher, created a telephone hotline that people can call to get 1 advice from kids during difficult times.”指出加利福尼亚州一所小学的学生在艺术老师的帮助下创建了一条电话热线，肯定是针对社会上各行各业的人，因此地点范围不应该局限在学校或者小地方，而是告诉人们整个世界都因为他们变得更好。故选B。
D
(2023·辽宁省鞍山市普通高中高三二模)
Reducing the use of plastic is a balance between what you can afford and what you can get.I've 1. a lot from a plastic-free lifestyle.It helps me 2. my carbon footprint and save money.
I've found that living plastic free is a great way to 3. mindless online shopping.Nowadays, I 4. weigh the possibility of returning an order before I hit the 5. button.Do I have something else I could 6. to meet this need Is there a place I can get it 7. so I don't have to deal with all the plastic it'll arrive in
Besides, I've slowly 8. the collection of the things that I want, and that are made to last.Anytime I need to replace a bigger-ticket item, I'm 9. to look for a second-hand version of a nicer, 10. item, which I can often find for the same price as a new but less durable (耐用的) model.
Of course, there are certain situations where plastic is the most 11. choice.I recently reorganized my closet and found that I 12. clear plastic containers for my off-season clothing.After a few 13. to my favorite neighborhood charity shop, I found a set of Rubbermaid storage containers that 14. the bill.
Life without plastic doesn't take place overnight.Devote yourself to making a few 15. in your daily plastic use and see where it takes you.
1.A．heard B．benefited
C．received D．suffered
2.A．record B．rebuild
C．reduce D．recall
3.A．promote B．consider
C．prevent D．experience
4.A．hardly B．disappointedly
C．unfortunately D．carefully
5.A．purchase B．print
C．repeat D．power
6.A．repurpose B．abandon
C．reward D．remember
7.A．abroad B．indoors
C．online D．locally
8.A．sold B．offered
C．developed D．donated
9.A．eager B．embarrassed
C．annoyed D．sad
10.A．smaller-sized B．faster-moving
C．better-shaped D．longer-lasting
11.A．strange B．suitable
C．dangerous D．difficult
12.A．discovered B．designed
C．ruined D．needed
13.A．solutions B．visits
C．roads D．exceptions
14.A．fit B．pay
C．cut D．sent
15.A．comments B．notes
C．changes D．stops
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了作者不用塑料的生活方式。
1．B 考查动词辨析。句意：我从无塑料的生活方式中受益匪浅。A．heard听说；B.benefited受益；C.received收到；D.suffered遭受。根据下文“save money”可知，作者从无塑料的生活方式中获益。故选B。
2．C 考查动词辨析。句意：它帮助我减少我的碳足迹并节省资金。A．record记录；B.rebuild重建；C.reduce减少；D.recall召回。根据上文“I've 1. a lot from a plastic-free lifestyle.”可知，作者减少碳足迹。故选C。
3．C 考查动词辨析。句意：我发现无塑料生活是阻止盲目网上购物的好方法。A．promote促进；B.consider考虑；C.prevent阻止；D.experience体验。根据“mindless online shopping”可知，阻止盲目网购。故选C。
4．D 考查副词辨析。句意：如今，我在点击购买按钮之前仔细权衡了退货的可能性。A．hardly几乎不；B.disappointedly失望地；C.unfortunately不幸地；D.carefully仔细地。根据“weigh the possibility of returning an order”可知，要仔细权衡退货的可能性。故选D。
5．A 考查名词辨析。句意：如今，我在点击购买按钮之前仔细权衡了退货的可能性。A．purchase购买；B.print印刷；C.repeat重复；D.power力量。根据上文“I've found that living plastic free is a great way to 3. mindless online shopping.”和下文“Do I have something else”可知，在按下购买健之前仔细考虑。故选A。
6．A 考查动词辨析。句意：我有没有别的东西可以用来满足这种需求？A．repurpose改换意图；B.abandon放弃；C.reward奖励；D.remember记住。根据空前后文可知，用其他东西来满足需求，即“改换它的用途”。故选A。
7．D 考查副词辨析。句意：有没有一个地方可以在当地买到它，这样我就不必处理它会到达的所有塑料？A．abroad国外；B.indoors室内；C.online在线；D.locally本地。根据下文“so I don't have to deal with all the plastic it'll arrive in”可知，网购带来很多包装塑料，在当地购买能减少这种塑料。故选D。
8．C 考查动词辨析。句意：此外，我慢慢地把我想要的东西收集起来，而且是经久不衰的。A．sold出售；B.offered提供；C.developed开发；养成；D.donated捐赠。根据下文“the collection of the things that I want”可知，逐渐养成收集想要的东西的习惯。故选C。
9．A 考查形容词辨析。句意：每当我需要更换大件物品时，我渴望去找一个二手的更好的，更耐用的项目，我经常可以找到新的同样的价格，但不太耐用的型号。A．eager急切的；B.embarrassed尴尬的；C.annoyed恼火的；D.sad伤心的。根据上文“Besides, I've slowly 8. the collection of the things that I want, and that are made to last.”可知，作者已经养成这种习惯，因此需要更换大物件时，她会渴望找到一个二手的。故选A。
10．D 考查形容词辨析。句意：每当我需要更换大件物品时，我渴望去找一个二手的更好的，更耐用的项目，我经常可以找到新的同样的价格，但不太耐用的型号。A．smaller-sized体积较小的；B.faster-moving移动速度快的；C.better-shaped形状较好的；D.longer-lasting更耐用的。根据上文“Besides, I've slowly 8. the collection of the things that I want, and that are made to last.”可知，作者已经养成这种习惯，因此需要更换大物件时，会找更好看、更耐用的。故选D。
11．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：当然，在某些情况下，塑料容器是最合适的选择。A．strange奇怪的；B.suitable合适的；C.dangerous危险的；D.difficult困难的。根据下文“clear plastic containers for my off-season clothing”和常识可知，有时候塑料容器是最合适的选择，因为可以重复利用。故选B。
12．D 考查动词辨析。句意：我最近重新整理了我的衣柜，发现我需要透明塑料容器来装我的淡季服装。A．discovered发现；B.designed设计；C.ruined毁坏；D.needed需要。根据下文“clear plastic containers for my off-season clothing”可知，作者需要一个塑料储物箱来装过季的衣服。故选D。
13．B 考查名词辨析。句意：过了几天在参观我最喜欢的社区慈善商店之后，我找到了一套符合要求的橡胶储物盒。A．solutions解决方案；B.visits参观；C.roads道路；D.exceptions例外情况。根据下文“my favorite neighborhood charity shop”可知，作者到访自己最喜欢的慈善商店，以找到一个合适的二手储物箱来装过季的衣服。故选B。
14．A 考查动词辨析。句意：过了几天在参观我最喜欢的社区慈善商店之后，我找到了一套符合要求的橡胶储物盒。A．fit适合；B.pay支付；C.cut削减；D.sent发送。根据“I found a set of Rubbermaid storage containers that 14. the bill”可知，作者找到了符合要求的储物箱，fit the bill是习惯用法，意为“符合要求”。故选A。
15．C 考查名词辨析。句意：致力于在日常塑料使用中做出一些改变，看看它会带你去哪里。A．comments评论；B.notes笔记；C.changes变化；D.stops车站。根据上文“Life without plastic doesn't take place overnight.(没有塑料的生活不会在一夜之间发生。)”可知，没有塑料的生活要慢慢地改变。故选C。第三部分 专题一 第7讲
A
(2023·新高考八省一模)
There was a young boy at a beautiful beach digging sands using his plastic tools.While his other friends were playing the whole time, the little boy spent his day 1. his sandcastle.He even 2. a moat(护城河) using a spoon, a bridge with a 3. , and walls for his castle.
After a whole long day, he finished his 4. sandcastle until the waves washed his hard work.Holding back his tears, the boy didn't get mad and 5. decided to study the waves that 6. his creation.
The boy was aware of the 7. and saw it a couple of times already.He already knew how to do things better.He felt no 8. , regret, or fear any more whenever the waves came.He just smiled, 9. his tools and left.He knew that the tide was beyond his 10. and he couldn't do anything about it.What he could do though is how to 11. those situations.
Basically, no matter where you are, the waves of life will always 12. you.What matters most is how you behave during those moments and what they 13. about yourselves along this 14. called life.Keep calm while looking at things from different viewpoints because sometimes all it takes for 15. to happen in your life is by looking at things through different lenses!
1.A．creating B．picturing
C．drawing D．watching
2.A．kept B．made
C．crossed D．defended
3.A．bucket B．stone
C．rope D．stick
4.A．old B．royal
C．dream D．solid
5.A．therefore B．instead
C．still D．nevertheless
6.A．supported B．perfected
C．copied D．destroyed
7.A．castle B．construction
C．sand D．tide
8.A．sorrow B．doubt
C．hesitation D．excitement
9.A．held up B．picked up
C．searched for D．threw away
10.A．belief B．repair
C．control D．awareness
11.A．talk about B．draw upon
C．react to D．fight against
12.A．search B．take
C．recognize D．find
13.A．know B．teach
C．judge D．beat
14.A．distance B．line
C．journey D．circle
15.A．changes B．crashes
C．events D．attacks
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了当生活中遇到波浪的时候，可以从不同的角度看问题，生活会发生变化。
1．A 考查动词辨析。句意：当他的其他朋友一直在玩的时候，小男孩花了一整天的时间建造他的沙堡。A．creating创造；B.picturing想象；C.drawing绘画 ；D.watching观看。根据后文“He even 2. a moat(护城河) using a spoon, a bridge with a 3. , and walls for his castle.”可知，在其他朋友玩的时候，小男孩建造他的沙堡。故选A。
2．B 考查动词辨析。句意：他甚至用勺子造了一条护城河，用棍子造了一座桥，还为他的城堡筑了墙。A．kept保持；B.made制作；C.crossed穿过；D.defended防御。根据空后“a moat (护城河) using a spoon”可知，他用勺子制造了一条护城河。故选B。
3．D 考查名词辨析。句意：他甚至用勺子造了一条护城河，用棍子造了一座桥，还为他的城堡筑了墙。A．bucket桶；B.stone石头；C.rope绳子；D.stick木棍。根据“a bridge”可知，男孩用木棍搭建了一座桥。故选D。
4．C 考查形容词辨析。句意：在漫长的一天之后，他完成了他的梦想沙堡，直到海浪冲刷了他的辛勤工作。A．old老的；B.royal皇室的；C.dream梦想的；D.solid坚硬的。根据“sandcastle”可知，男孩建造的沙堡是他梦想的城堡。故选C。
5．B 考查副词辨析。句意：男孩忍住眼泪，没有生气，而是决定研究摧毁他的创作的海浪。A．therefore因此；B.instead相反；C.still仍然；D.nevertheless不过，然而。根据空前“Holding back his tears, the boy didn't get mad”可知，设空处与前文构成转折关系，即表示男孩忍住眼泪，没有生气，而是决定研究海浪。故选B。
6．D 考查动词辨析。句意：男孩忍住眼泪，没有生气，而是决定研究摧毁他的创作的海浪。A．supported支持；B.perfected使完美；C.copied复制；D.destroyed毁灭。根据上文“until the waves washed his hard work”可知，男孩开始研究摧毁沙堡的海浪。故选D。
7．D 考查名词辨析。句意：男孩注意到了潮水，已经见过几次了。A．castle城堡；B.construction建设；C.sand沙子；D.tide潮汐。根据上文“Holding back his tears, the boy didn't get mad and 5. decided to study the waves that 6. his creation.”可知，男孩对海浪产生了兴趣，因此注意到潮汐。故选D。
8．A 考查名词辨析。句意：每当海浪来袭，他不再感到悲伤、遗憾或恐惧。A．sorrow悲伤；B.doubt怀疑；C.hesitation犹豫；D.excitement兴奋。根据下文“He just smiled, 9. his tools and left.”可知，男孩对于海浪来袭没有悲伤。故选A。
9．B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他只是笑了笑，拿起工具就走了。A．held up举起；B.picked up捡起；C.searched for寻找；D.threw away扔掉。根据“left”可知，男孩拿起工具起身离开。故选B。
10．C 考查名词辨析。句意：他知道潮水已超出他的控制范围，对此他无能为力。A．belief信念；B.repair修理；C.control控制；D.awareness意识。根据上文“He felt no 8. , regret, or fear any more whenever the waves came.He just smiled, 9. his tools and left.”可知，男孩每当海浪来袭，他不再感到悲伤、遗憾或恐惧，因为他知道海浪是他无法控制的事情。故选C。
11．C 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他能做的是如何应对这些情况。A．talk about谈论；B.draw upon总结；C.react to反应；D.fight against反对，对抗。根据“those situations”可知，男孩知道自己无法控制海浪，自己能做的是如何来应对这些海浪。故选C。
12．D 考查动词辨析。句意：基本上，无论你在哪里，生活中总会有海浪的出现。A．search寻找；B.take带走；C.recognize认出；D.find找到。根据空前“Basically, no matter where you are”可知，无论在哪里，生活的海浪都会发现你，即在生活中遇到海浪。故选D。
13．B 考查动词辨析。句意：最重要的是你在这些时刻的表现，以及它们在这段称为人生的旅程中教会了你什么。A．know知道；B.teach教；C.judge判断；D.beat拍打。根据空前“how you behave during those moments”可知，此处强调最重要的是你在这些时刻的表现以及这些波浪教会了你什么。故选B。
14．C 考查名词辨析。句意：最重要的是你在这些时刻的表现，以及它们在这段称为人生的旅程中教会了你什么。A．distance距离；B.line线；C.journey旅行；D.circle循环。根据空前“What matters most is how you behave during those moments and what they 13. about yourselves”可知，此处将人生比作旅程。故选C。
15．A 考查名词辨析。句意：从不同的角度看问题时要保持冷静，因为有时候你的生活只需要通过不同的角度看问题就会发生变化！A．changes改变；B.crashes坠毁；C.events事件；D.attacks攻击。根据空前“Keep calm while looking at things from different viewpoints”可知，从不同的角度看问题会产生变化。故选A。
B
(2023·上海市卢湾高级中学高三三模)
For a start, we're not sure what artificial intelligence (AI) is, which complicates our every conversation about what effect it will have on our lives.We can't even really 1. what intelligence is in humans, where the conversation inevitably goes away from science and into philosophy.
As neither a scientist nor a philosopher, but with decades of personal experience on the front lines of both human and machine cognition(认知), I prefer to focus on the 2. .AI will be the greatest technological advance since the Internet turned the world into a living stream of datA．It will eventually be more 3. than the Internet, changing every part of our lives in seen and unseen ways.And it's already 4. .
From medical diagnosis to investment banking, from hiring staff to educating our children, these increasingly 5. systems are changing the world.Whether you find this terrifying or wonderful is important, because public 6. drives education, investment, and regulation, making the outcome a type of self-fulfilling promise.7. , if people find the rapid advance of intelligent machines terrifying instead of wonderful, it won't stop it, but it could make the outcome much worse.Powerful new technology nearly always causes distress before producing broad benefits.By slowing down our progress out of unreasoning 8. , we lengthen the distress stage by delaying the next waves of breakthroughs needed to produce the broader benefits.
There are real and immediate 9. about the increase in intelligent machines, especially autonomous ones.Rising inequality if automation hits lower-income people harder, personal data being used improperly by companies...None of these issues come anywhere close to an existential threat—the killer robots of Hollywood or the super-intelligent AI that sees no reason to 10. .It's as if everyone were curious about how we might all one day be killed by robots.
As a member of the executive board of the Foundation for Responsible Robotics and as a security ambassador for Avast Software, I've become all too 11. the real threats we may be faced with due to these AI-enhanced machines.And I'm glad that great minds like Stephen Hawking and Elon Musk are voicing their concerns, and that top AI authorities like Nick Bostrom are mapping out the 12. possibilities.After all, we live with nuclear power that could literally destroy the planet, and we certainly want it to be monitored and used 13. .
But like all our inventions, AI is capable of being used for good or evil.14. matters, and so making better humans will always be more important than making smarter machines.Above all, we must keep 15. , because the only solution for the problems caused by today's technology is tomorrow's.
1.A．tell apart B．disapprove of
C．glance at D．agree on
2.A．theoretical B．practical
C．physical D．mental
3.A．specialized B．transformative
C．predictable D．irrelevant
4.A．happening B．misleading
C．worsening D．changing
5.A．intense B．annoying
C．capable D．simple
6.A．health B．image
C．service D．opinion
7.A．In short B．What's more
C．That is D．As a result
8.A．fear B．deed
C．manner D．passion
9.A．rumors B．remarks
C．mysteries D．concerns
10.A．take humans in B．keep humans around
C．give humans up D．put humans away
11.A．familiar with B．ignorant of
C．superior to D．unhappy about
12.A．newest B．best
C．oldest D．worst
13.A．occasionally B．responsibly
C．immediately D．genuinely
14.A．Technology B．Morality
C．Intelligence D．Automation
15.A．moving forward B．looking upon
C．calming down D．running away
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。主要讲的是AI的发展在改变我们生活的同时也让我们很担忧，但是我们还是要继续前进，因为解决今天技术造成的问题的唯一办法就是明天的技术。
1．D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们甚至不能就人类的智力是什么达成一致，这个话题不可避免地从科学转向哲学。A．tell apart分辨；B.disapprove of不赞成；C.glance at看一眼；D.agree on达成一致。根据上文“we're not sure what artificial intelligence (AI) is”可知，句子表示“我们甚至不能就人类的智力是什么达成一致”。故选D。
2．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：我既不是科学家也不是哲学家，但我在人类和机器认知的前沿都有几十年的个人经验，所以我更喜欢关注实际。A．theoretical理论的；B.practical实际的；C.physical物理的；D.mental精神的。根据下文“AI will be the greatest technological advance since the Internet turned the world into a living stream of datA．”可知，作者更关注实际情况。故选B。
3．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：它最终将比互联网更具变革性，以可见或不可见的方式改变我们生活的方方面面。A．specialized专业的；B.transformative有改革能力的；C.predictable可预测的；D.irrelevant不相关的。根据空后“changing every part of our lives”可知，AI比互联网更具变革性。故选B。
4．A 考查动词辨析。句意：这已经发生了。A．happening发生；B.misleading误导；C.worsening恶化；D.changing改变。根据上文“changing every part of our lives”和现实情况可知，AI已经正在改变我们的生活。故选A。
5．C 考查形容词辨析。句意：从医疗诊断到投资银行业务，从招聘员工到教育我们的孩子，这些日益强大的系统正在改变世界。A．intense严肃紧张的；B.annoying令人恼火的；C.capable能干的；D.simple简单的。根据空前“From medical diagnosis to investment banking, from hiring staff to educating our children”可知，医疗诊断，投资银行业务，招聘员工和教育孩子，这些系统都是很能干的。故选C。
6．D 考查名词辨析。句意：无论你觉得这是可怕的还是美妙的，这都很重要，因为公众舆论推动着教育、投资和监管，使结果成为一种自我实现的承诺。A．health健康；B.image图像；C.service服务；D.opinion看法。根据空前“you find this terrifying or wonderful”可知，此处说的是大众对AI的看法。故选D。
7．C 考查固定短语辨析。句意：也就是说，如果人们发现智能机器的快速发展是可怕的，而不是美妙的，它不会阻止它，但它可能会使结果变得更糟。A．In short简而言之；B.What's more此外；C.That is也就是说；D.As a result结果。根据上文“public 6. drives education, investment, and regulation, making the outcome a type of self-fulfilling promise”和下文“if people find the rapid advance of intelligent machines terrifying instead of wonderful, it won't stop it”可知，空后是在解释前面这句话，因此空处是“也就是说”。故选C。
8．A 考查名词辨析。句意：由于毫无理由的恐惧而放慢我们的进展，我们就会拖延下一波产生更广泛利益所需的突破，从而延长痛苦阶段。A．fear害怕；B.deed行为；C.manner态度，举止；D.passion热情。根据上文“if people find the rapid advance of intelligent machines terrifying instead of wonderful”可知，由于毫无理由的恐惧而放慢我们的进展。故选A。
9．D 考查名词辨析。句意：对于智能机器，尤其是自主机器的增长，存在着切实而紧迫的担忧。A．rumors谣言；B.remarks言论；C.mysteries奥秘；D.concerns担心，忧虑。根据下文“Rising inequality if automation hits lower-income people harder, personal data being used improperly by companies...”可知，此处指的是人们有担忧。故选D。
10．B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这些问题都不会对生存构成威胁——好莱坞的杀手机器人，或者认为没有理由让人类留在身边的超级智能人工智能。A．take humans in接纳人类；B.keep humans around让人类留在身边；C.give humans up放弃人类；D.put humans away把人类关起来。根据空前“the killer robots of Hollywood”和下文“It's as if everyone were curious about how we might all one day be killed by robots.”可知，没有理由让人类留在身边的超级智能人工智能。故选B。
11．A 考查形容词短语辨析。句意：作为Foundation for Responsible Robotics的执行委员会成员和Avast Software的安全大使，我对这些人工智能增强的机器可能给我们带来的真正威胁太熟悉了。A．familiar with熟悉；B.ignorant of对……无知；C.superior to优于；D.unhappy about不高兴。根据下文“After all, we live with nuclear power that could literally destroy the planet, and we certainly want it to be monitored”可知，作者对这些人工智能增强的机器可能给我们带来的真正威胁太熟悉了。故选A。
12．D 考查形容词辨析。句意：我很高兴像斯蒂芬·霍金和埃隆·马斯克这样的伟大思想家表达了他们的担忧，像尼克·博斯特罗姆这样的顶级人工智能专家正在规划最坏的可能性。A．newest最新的；B.best最好的；C.oldest最旧的；D.worst最坏的。根据上文“the real threats we may be faced with due to these AI-enhanced machines”可知，此处指的是“人工智能专家正在规划最坏的可能性”。故选D。
13．B 考查副词辨析。句意：毕竟，我们生活在可以摧毁地球的核能中，我们当然希望它得到负责任的监控和使用。A．occasionally偶尔；B.responsibly认真负责地；C.immediately立刻；D.genuinely真诚地。根据上文“the real threats we may be faced with due to these AI-enhanced machines”可知，人工智能增强的机器对我们有威胁，所以希望它得到负责任的监控和使用。故选B。
14．B 考查名词辨析。句意：道德很重要，所以创造更好的人类永远比创造更智能的机器更重要。A．Technology技术；B.Morality道德；C.Intelligence智力；D.Automation自动化。根据上文“AI is capable of being used for good or evil”和空后“making better humans will always be more important than making smarter machines”可知，因为AI可能对人类不好，所以在创造智能机器时道德很重要。故选B。
15．A 考查动词短语辨析。句意：最重要的是，我们必须不断前进，因为解决今天技术造成的问题的唯一办法就是明天的技术。A．moving forward朝前方前进；B.looking upon看待；C.calming down平静下来；D.running away跑开。根据空后“because the only solution for the problems caused by today's technology is tomorrow's”可知，我们必须不断前进，因为解决今天技术造成的问题的唯一办法就是明天的技术。故选A。
C
(2023·安徽省淮南市高三一模)
“Whenever I am in a group of people, I feel like everyone knows what to say except me.When I try to join in, I get anxious and have a struggle 1. words.This happens at parties or meetings and I feel 2. —as if I were being interviewed for a job.People think I am a loner.Maybe I am？”
Individuals experiencing this type of social 3. often avoid eye contact, because it makes them feel 4. and judged.The feelings of awkwardness and not fitting in with others are often frustrating.It prevents these individuals from defending and 5. for themselves in social environments, though they may be 6. at holding on to their opinions in environments that are focused on a task rather than 7. .
Fitting into groups of people requires 8. .You need to be interested in the topics that others in the group are interested in and talk about them the way they do.Becoming a part of these groups requires that you 9. some of your individuality in order to accept others'10. and values.
Some individuals are like chameleon(变色龙) in that they 11. pick up the patterns of different groups and 12. themselves accordingly.For them, this is automatic and they don't even come to the 13. that they are changing themselves to fit into groups.If you are one of those people who feels 14. in most social group settings, it may be because you 15. changing the way you think in order to feel part of a group and this shouldn't be a weakness or a failure.
1.A．reading B．pronouncing
C．seeing D．writing
2.A．exposed B．ignored
C．considered D．judged
3.A．status B．discomfort
C．event D．response
4.A．transparent B．urgent
C．frustrated D．disappointed
5.A．insisting on B．breaking down
C．sticking up D．taking over
6.A．creative B．effective
C．attractive D．tentative
7.A．contribution B．requirement
C．assignment D．socialization
8.A．attention B．honesty
C．affection D．agreement
9.A．sacrifice B．give
C．examine D．present
10.A．hobbies B．approaches
C．views D．promises
11.A．naturally B．partly
C．vaguely D．merely
12.A．explain B．support
C．help D．accommodate
13.A．conclusion B．awareness
C．decision D．point
14.A．attached B．removed
C．disconnected D．connected
15.A．resist B．allow
C．miss D．suggest
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。文章解释了为什么在社交场合中，即使是和朋友在一起依旧还会感觉到孤独。
1．B 考查动词辨析。句意：当我试着加入时，我变得焦虑，不知道说什么。A．reading阅读；B.pronouncing发音，说话；C.seeing看；D.writing写。根据上文“I feel like everyone knows what to say except me”可知，当作者和别人在一起的时候，作者觉得除了自己每个人都知道该说什么，所以作者觉得不知道和别人说什么。故选B。
2．D 考查动词辨析。句意：聚会和家庭成员会面的时候会发生这种情况，但我感觉被评判了——就像我在找工作面试一样。A．exposed暴露；B.ignored忽视；C.considered认为，考虑；D.judged判断，裁决。根据下文“as if I were being interviewed for a job”可知，当聚会和家庭成员会面的时候，好像是面试一样，所以作者觉得自己被评判一样。故选D。
3．B 考查名词辨析。句意：有这种社交不适感的人通常会避免眼神交流，因为这会让他们觉得自己很透明，被人评判。A．status地位；B.discomfort不安；C.event事件；D.response回复。根据上文“When I try to join in, I get anxious and have a struggle 1. words.”可知，当和别人在一起的时候，作者觉得除了自己每个人都知道该说什么，觉得不知道和别人说什么。这种社交不安会让作者避免和别人有眼神交流。故选B。
4．A 考查形容词辨析。句意：有这种社交不适感的人通常会避免眼神交流，因为这会让他们觉得自己很透明，被人评判。A．transparent透明的；易识破的；B.urgent紧急的；C.frustrated沮丧的；D.disappointed失望的。根据上文“Individuals experiencing this type of social 3. often avoid eye contact”可知，他们经常避免目光接触，因为这让他们觉得被看穿和受到评判。故选A。
5．C 考查动词短语辨析。句意：它阻止这些人在社会环境中捍卫和保持自己，尽管他们可能在专注于任务而不是社会化的环境中有效地坚持自己的观点。A．insisting on坚持要求；B.breaking down崩溃，垮掉；C.sticking up保持；D.talking over讨论。根据空后“for themselves in social environments”可知，社交不适感会阻止一些不擅长社交的人在社会环境中捍卫和保持自己。故选C。
6．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：它阻止这些人在社会环境中捍卫和保持自己，尽管他们可能在专注于任务而不是社会化的环境中有效地坚持自己的观点。A．creative有创造力的；B.effective有效的；C.attractive有吸引力的；D.tentative尝试性的。根据空后“holding on to their opinions in environments that are focused on a task rather than 7. ”可知，在专注于任务而不是社会化的环境中不擅长社交的人有效地坚持自己的观点。故选B。
7．D 考查名词辨析。句意：它阻止这些人在社会环境中捍卫和保持自己，尽管他们可能在专注于任务而不是社会化的环境中有效地坚持自己的观点。A．contribution贡献；B.requirement要求；C.assignment任务；D.socialization社会化。根据句意可知，不擅长社交的人他们专注于自己的任务，而不是进行社会化(进行社交活动)，因为他们在社会化的过程中会产生不适。故选D。
8．D 考查名词辨析。句意：融入一群人需要达成一致。A．attention注意力；B.honesty诚实；C.affection喜爱，关爱；D.agreement同意。根据下文“You need to be interested in the topics that others in the group are interested in and talk about them the way they do.”可知，要想融入大多数群体需要从众，即获得大众的一致认同。故选D。
9．A 考查动词辨析。句意：要成为这些群体的一员，你必须牺牲自己的一些个性，以接受他人的观点和价值观。A．sacrifice牺牲；B.give给；C.examine检查；D.present呈现，出席。根据空前“Becoming a part of these groups”可知，成为群体的一部分要牺牲自己的个性，接受他人的价值和观点。故选A。
10．C 考查名词辨析。句意：要成为这些群体的一员，你必须牺牲自己的一些个性，以接受他人的观点和价值观。A．hobbies嗜好；B.approaches途径；C.views观点；D.promises承诺。根据“values”可知，要接受他人的观点和价值观。故选C。
11．A 考查副词辨析。句意：有些人就像变色龙，他们自然地接受不同群体的模式，并相应地适应自己。A．naturally自然地；B.partly部分地；C.vaguely模糊地；D.merely仅仅地。根据“Some individuals are like chameleon(变色龙)”可知，有些人就像变色龙，他们自然地接受不同群体的模式。故选A。
12．D 考查动词辨析。句意：有些人就像变色龙，他们自然地接受不同群体的模式，并相应地适应自己。A．explain解释；B.support支持；C.help帮助；D.accommodate适应，提供住宿。根据空前“they 11. pick up the patterns of different groups”可知，有些人自然地接受不同群体的模式，并相应地适应自己。故选D。
13．B 考查名词辨析。句意：对他们来说，这是自动的，他们甚至没有意识到他们正在改变自己以适应群体。A．conclusion结论；B.awareness意识；C.decision决定；D.point观点。根据上文“this is automatic”可知，对于这些擅长社交的人来说，他们并没有意识到自己正在改变自己。故选B。
14．C 考查形容词辨析。句意：如果你是那些在大多数社会群体中感觉与世隔绝的人之一，这可能是因为你拒绝改变自己的思维方式来感觉自己是群体的一部分，这不应该是一个弱点或失败。A．attached附属的；B.removed被移除的；C.disconnected失联的；D.connected有联系的。根据下文“it may be because you 15. changing the way you think in order to feel part of a group and this shouldn't be a weakness or a failure”可知，因为你拒绝改变自己的思维方式让自己成为群体的一部分，因此在社交场合中你是那种在大多数社会群体环境中感到被疏远的人。故选C。
15．A 考查动词辨析。句意：如果你是那些在大多数社会群体中感觉与世隔绝的人之一，这可能是因为你拒绝改变自己的思维方式来感觉自己是群体的一部分，这不应该是一个弱点或失败。A．resist抵制；B.allow允许；C.miss错过；D.suggest建议。根据上文“If you are one of those people who feels 14. in most social group settings”可知，如果你是那种在大多数社会群体环境中感到被疏远的人，这可能是因为你拒绝为了融入集体而改变自己的思维方式。故选A。
D
(2023·安徽省黄山市高三一模)
There are two things I hate about this time of year: out-of-tune caroling(圣诞颂歌) and bad Christmas cards.Or rather, holiday cards—bad taste isn't limited to Christmas.
Why I'll get to that.But first, a little 1. .In the winter of 1843, Sir Henry Cole, a well-known English activist who helped reform the British postal system, 2. himself with a very large stack(堆)of letters and very little time.Rather than spend his days 3. over each response, Cole 4. a new idea: Why not send a small, decorated card instead He enlisted the help of a friend to create a(n) 5. for the front of the card and then had a London printer make a thousand copies.Cole 6. had to fill in the “to” and “from” lines, and—ta-da！—the first Christmas card was complete.
So there you have it, a tradition 7. out of laziness.And not much has changed ever since, which brings us back to my 8. with holiday cards.
I'm a bit of a card snob(自命高雅)．I make almost all my cards by hand and take time to write at least a few 9. paragraphs inside each.It's a lot of work, but there's a big 10. .These are cards you save for a 11. day when you need a kind word.There's a reason that it's polite to open a card before a gift—cards should add 12. to a present.And, if you're doing it right, the words themselves are a gift.
Here's my 13. : Instead of sending a human-filled, photo-edited holiday card, why not mail a simple, handwritten note to those you 14. but haven't spent enough time with in the past year This little note will mean so much more to them than the 15. mass-produced cards.
1.A．expectation B．history
C．biography D．lecture
2.A．took B．carried
C．found D．buried
3.A．laboring B．answering
C．referring D．charging
4.A．pulled up B．hit upon
C．called on D．drew up
5.A．variety B．postage
C．assistance D．illustration
6.A．nearly B．simply
C．eagerly D．precisely
7.A．born B．shared
C．raised D．aroused
8.A．ignorance B．alternative
C．hatred D．preference
9.A．thought-out B．cut-in
C．laid-off D．made-up
10.A．breakthrough B．takeaway
C．drawback D．payoff
11.A．mere B．shiny
C．rough D．dull
12.A．depth B．detail
C．content D．appeal
13.A．requirement B．determination
C．schedule D．proposal
14.A．pick out B．turn to
C．care for D．look after
15.A．creatively B．impressively
C．typically D．originally
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。作者痛恨节日贺卡，提议人们做一张简单手写的卡片，寄给那些你关心但在过去一年却没有花更多时间陪伴的人，这张小卡片的意义远大于批量生产的卡片。
1．B 考查名词辨析。句意：但首先说一点儿历史。A．expectation期望；B.history历史；C.biography传记；D.lecture演讲。根据下文“In the winter of 1843, Sir Henry Cole, a well-known English activist who helped reform the British postal system, 2. himself with a very large stack(堆) of letters and very little time.”可知，此处讲的是和信件相关的一段历史。故选B。
2．C 考查动词辨析。句意：1843年冬天，帮助改革英国邮政系统的著名英国激进主义者亨利·科尔爵士发现自己攒了一大摞信件，但却没时间回复。A．took带走；B.carried携带；C.found发现；D.buried埋葬。根据“with a very large stack(堆)of letters and very little time”可知，有很多的信件堆着还来不及处理，这是他自己发现的事情。故选C。
3．A 考查动词辨析。句意：Cole没有花几天时间费力地研究每一个回复，而是想到了一个新的想法：为什么不寄一张装饰精美的小卡片呢？A．laboring劳作；B.answering回答；C.referring参考；D.charging收费。根据下文“So there you have it, a tradition 7. out of laziness.”可知，由于懒惰而诞生的传统，所以没有费力处理当前的麻烦。故选A。
4．B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：Cole没有花几天时间费力地研究每一个回复，而是想到了一个新的想法：为什么不寄一张装饰精美的小卡片呢？A．pulled up停下来；B.hit upon想起；C.called on号召；D.drew up起草。根据“Why not send a small, decorated card instead？”可知，这是一个新的想法，“想出”一个想法。故选B。
5．D 考查名词辨析。句意：他找一个朋友帮忙，在卡片正面画了一幅插图，然后又让伦敦的一家印刷厂印制了1 000份。A．variety种类；B.postage邮资；C.assistance援助；D.illustration阐述，插图。根据“for the front of the card”以及常识可知，在信封正面的插图。故选D。
6．B 考查副词辨析。句意：Cole爵士只需在“收信人”和“寄信人”的位置填上信息，然后，哈哈，首张圣诞节贺卡就问世啦！A．nearly几乎；B.simply仅仅；C.eagerly渴望；D.precisely准确地。根据“fill in the ‘to’and ‘from’lines”可知，要做的事情很简单，只需要写上收信人和寄信人。故选B。
7．A 考查动词辨析。句意：你看到了，这个传统是因为懒而诞生的。A．born诞生；B.shared分享；C.raised提高；D.aroused唤醒。根据“So there you have it”可知，上文讲述的是书信传统诞生的过程。故选A。
8．C 考查名词辨析。句意：在此后都没什么变化，这就要说回到我抱怨节日贺卡的这个话题上。A．ignorance无视；B.alternative选择；C.hatred憎恨；D.preference偏爱。根据上文“There are two things I hate about this time of year: out-of-tune caroling(圣诞颂歌) and bad Christmas cards.”可知，又回到了之前说到的作者厌恶的两件东西上面。故选C。
9．A 考查形容词辨析。句意：我的所有贺卡几乎都由我亲手制作，而且我会花时间在每张贺卡上至少写上几段花费心思的话。A．thought-out深思熟虑的；B.cut-in插入的；C.laid-off失业的；D.made-up捏造的。根据上文“I'm a bit of a card snob(自命高雅)．I make almost all my cards by hand”可知，作者是一个自命清高的人，一切事情都是亲手去做，并结合下文“It's a lot of work, but there's a big 10. .”可知，这件事情是很花心思的事。故选A。
10．D 考查名词辨析。句意：这样很累，但却非常值得。A．breakthrough突破；B.takeaway外卖，带走；C.drawback缺点；D.payoff收益，回报。根据“It's a lot of work, but...”可知，付出很多，但还是有不小的回报的，but为解题关键。故选D。
11．C 考查形容词辨析。句意：这些卡片你会留着在困难的时候翻出来，获得温暖。A．mere仅有的；B.shiny闪光的；C.rough困难的；D.dull无聊的。根据“when you need a kind word”可知，留下的这些卡片上写的内容是写温情的话语，在困难时期可以看一看。故选C。
12．A 考查名词辨析。句意：人们拆开礼物前先看贺卡是礼貌的做法，这样想是有原因的——贺卡会加深礼物的内涵。A．depth深度；B.detail细节；C.content内容；D.appeal吸引。根据下文“And, if you're doing it right, the words themselves are a gift.”可知，贺卡上的温情话语会增加礼物的深层意义。故选A。
13．D 考查名词辨析。句意：我的提议是：与其寄一张由人填写、照片被修饰过的节日贺卡，为什么不做一张简单手写的便条，寄给那些你关心但在过去一年却没有花更多时间陪伴的人呢？ A．requirement需求；B.determination决心；C.schedule计划；D.proposal建议。根据下文“Instead of sending a human-filled, photo-edited holiday card, why not mail a simple, handwritten note to those you 14. but haven't spent enough time with in the past year？”可知，此处应该指的是作者给人们的建议。故选D。
14．C 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的提议是：与其寄一张由人填写、照片被修饰过的节日贺卡，为什么不做一张简单手写的便条，寄给那些你关心但在过去一年却没有花更多时间陪伴的人呢？ A．pick out挑出；B.turn to转向，求助；C.care for关心；D.look after照顾。根据“but haven't spent enough time with in the past year”可知，给你在过去一年中没有时间陪伴，但是又很关心的人送一张带有手写的简单话语的贺卡。故选C。
15．C 考查副词辨析。句意：这张小卡片对他们来说将比通常大规模生产的卡片意义重大得多。A．creatively创造性地；B.impressively印象深刻地；C.typically典型地；D.originally起初。根据“mass-produced cards”以及常识可知，批量生产的贺卡都是具有典型特征的。故选C。
※小贴士：完形填空五大易错点
高考是选拔性考试，试题有难度梯度。完形填空中总会有几道较难题目成为考生取得优异成绩的“拦路虎”。导致这些题目失分的原因主要有以下几点：①解题信息比较隐蔽；②干扰项迷惑性较强；③情感态度较难把握；④惯性思维所致。针对这些题目，考生除了需要具备扎实的语言功底外，还应谨慎小心应对。
易错点1 因缺乏全篇关联思维而错选
语篇层次题的解题信息不局限于某一句或某一句组，而是分散在某一段或几段甚至全篇，这就要求考生理解整篇文章，抓住全文的脉络、作者的思想、意图或主人公的心理，然后进行准确的推理、判断，从而做出正确的选择。对于此类题目，一定要坚持这样一个原则：不急于解答，读完全文后综合考虑再做判定。
易错点2 因不能正确区分形/义近词(组)而错选
完形填空题选项中经常会出现一些形近词(组)或义近词(组)让考生辨析，因为形式相近或意义相近，无形中增加了难度，如果考生掌握得不好或不着眼于语篇的意义便很容易选错。
易错点3 因词汇理解障碍而错选
在完形填空题的设题上，命题者往往还将一些考生平常容易忽视的词汇设置成选项，从而造成考生错选。对于这些词汇，考生在平时必须高度重视。
易错点4 因不明一词多义或熟词生义而错选
在最近几年的高考完形填空中，对于一词多义或熟词生义的考查屡见不鲜，这往往也是考生容易忽视的地方。很多考生由于不懂这些熟词的“新义”而出现思维堵塞，造成了不应有的失分。
易错点5 因惯性思维而错选
在英语学习中，由于种种原因，如考生的母语、知识面、思维习惯等都有可能使考生产生一些思维定式，即不善于思考，考虑问题不全面，从而抑制思维能力的发展，导致误选一些题目。有些考生学习英语单词过于简单化，只记忆中文意思，而不深刻理解实际用法和英汉用法之间的细微差异。例如：表示“成功做某事”，不可以用succeed to do sth.来表达。学习词组或习惯用语时也会受到思维定式影响。例如：学习了wait for这个词组以后，有的考生在做题过程中只要碰到wait，后面要接介词时就毫不犹豫地选择for。但在“He stopped his car to wait at the red light.”中就不用for。
