人教版（2019） 必修 第三册 Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations教材重点句子解析学案（含答案）

教材重点句子解析
必修一
This is because the weather is hot and they will be outside for a long time.
This is because... 这是因为…… because 引导表语从句,后接原因。
This is why... 这就是为什么……why引导表语从句,后接结果。
The reason is that... 原因是……that 引导表语从句，后接原因的具体内容。the reason作主语时,表语从句用that 引导，不要根据汉语习惯用 because 引导。
2.After all, as you know, I love to dance!
as 引导非限制性定语从句,as 意为“正如”。
3.as 引导非限制性定语从句
教材例句 After all, as you know, I love to dance! 毕竟,你知道，我喜欢跳舞!
解析：
as 意为“正如,如同”,引导非限制性定语从句,指代整个主句的内容。
as 在从句中可作主语或宾语。
as 引导的非限制性定语从句可位于主句之前、主句中间或主句后面,一般用逗号与主句隔开。
拓展：
as引导非限制性定语从句时常用于以下搭配:
as is announced/reported正如宣布/报道的那样
as is indicated in the graph正如图表所示
as you can see 如你所见
as has been said above如上所述
as is often the case情况常常如此
as is known to all 众所周知
as we all know众所周知
as everyone knows众所周知
高考例句+经典例句
①The number of smokers, as is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
据报道,吸烟者的数量仅在一年内就下降了 17%。
② As is indicated in the graph, the box-of-fice income of Chinese films increased constantly from 2012 to 2015.
正如图表所示,从2012年到2015年,中国电影的票房收入一直在增长。
用副词constantly(不断地;经常)修饰动词 increased (增加)
③As is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.
正如其他孩子的情况一样,医生到达时,埃米好多了。
by the time 引导时间状语从句
④Mr Smith is chosen to represent the company at the conference, as is often the case.
史密斯先生被选出来在会议上代表公司,这是经常的事。
4....no matter how different they may seem, ...of sharing joy, gratitude , love , or peace is common in all festivals.
……”.
no matter how引导让步状语从句,意为“无论多么
5.Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations.
with复合结构作状语：with 复合结构:with+宾语+宾补。宾语由名词或代词充当,宾补多是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或非谓语动词(不定式、现在分词、过去分词)。此处with 复合结构在句中作状语。
6.Online shopping websites... have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts...
make it + adj. /n.+ for sb. to do sth.：在此结构中,it是形式宾语,不定式是真正宾语;adj.或n.作宾补,for引出不定式动作的逻辑主语。
7.Although some believe festivals should not be commercialized,others believe the increase...is good for...
although 引导让步状语从句:although 和 though是从属连词,用于引导让步状语从句，而 but 是并列连词,用于连接并列分句,因此从属连词 although 或 though 不能和并列连词but连用,但可以和副词yet 或still 连用。
no matter how+adj./adv.无论多么……
教材例句 However, no matter how different they may seem, all over the world, the spirit of sharing joy , gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals.
然而，无论节日看起来多么迥异,在世界各地,分享快乐、感恩、爱或和平的精神存在于所有节日之中。
拓展 no matter +what/who/when/where/which/how
= whatever/whoever/whenever/ wherever/whichever/however,
分别意为“无论什么/谁/何时/何地/哪一个/多么”,可引导让步状语从句。
“no matter+what/who/when/where/which/how”不可以引导名词性从句，whatever,whoever, whichever则可以。
Do whatever you like.你喜欢做什么就做什么。
Whoever says that is a liar.说那话的人都是骗子。
高考例句+经典例句
①(2018·全国Ⅱ卷短文改错)As a kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but how many times I asked to watch them, my parents would not let me.作为一个孩子,我喜欢看卡通片,但无论我多少次请求看卡通片,我的父母都不让我看。[ no matter ]
②(2019·北京卷语法填空)
____________you like to do, there is a way to get involved in various activities on Earth Day.无论你喜欢做什么,都有一个方法可以参与地球日的各种活动。[No matter what ]
③(2022·全国甲卷七选五)Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family——__________ ___________ _________you are in the world.知道一些技巧将有助于确保你与朋友或家人一起享受一顿愉快的晚餐,无论你在世界上的哪个地方。[no matter where ]
9. with 复合结构
教材例句Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations.
节日正变得越来越商业化，商家会利用这些庆祝活动(进行促销)。 with 复合结构中，去掉 with,则变成了“独立主格”结构
构成:with+宾语+宾补
在句中常作状语,表示时间、原因、方式、条件或伴随等。具体形式主要有:
with+宾语+现在分词(主动或进行)
with+宾语+过去分词(被动或完成)
with+宾语+动词不定式(尚未发生)
with+宾语+介词短语
with+宾语+形容词/副词/名词
例句：
I can't work with all that noise going on.吵闹声不绝于耳,我无法工作。
With his hair cut, he looked much younger.他理了发,看上去年轻多了。
With so much work to do, I can't go on holiday.有这么多工作要做,我不能去度假。
He often sleeps with the windows open.他经常开着窗户睡觉。
He left the room with the light on.他开着灯离开了房间。
The teacher came in with a book in his hand.老师手里拿着一本书走了进来。
拓展：
with 复合结构还可作定语。
高考例句+经典例句：
① With her in charge, I was confident all would be OK.由她负责，我相信一切都没问题。
②（2018·全国I卷阅读）Already well over400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction, with only a few elderly speakers______(leave).
在6800种语言中已经有400多种濒临消失，只剩下少数老年人在使用。
［left］
be close to（doing）sth.可能快要做某事
③（2018·天津二考阅读）I encountered many hikers who were headed to a distant camp-ground with just enough time______(get) there before dark.我遇到许多徒步旅行者，他们正前往一个遥远的露营地，刚好有足够的时间在天黑前到达那里。［to get］
④（2019·江苏卷单选）China＇s image is improving steadily, with more countries_______(recognize) its role in international affairs.中国的形象正在稳步提升，更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。［recognizing］
10.make it + adj./n.十for sb. to do sth.
教材例句:
Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts...
购物网站和社交媒体应用程序极大地方便了人们花更多钱购买礼物······
解析：
it是形式宾语，不定式to do sth.是真正宾语，形容词或名词是宾语补足语，for引出不定式的逻辑主语。即：
make＋it（形式宾语）＋for＋不定式动作的逻辑主语＋不定式（真正宾语）
To make it easier to get in touch with us,you'd better keep this card at hand.
为了更容易地与我们取得联系，你最好将这张卡片放在手边。
高考例句+经典例句：
①（2017·全国II卷阅读）The government has already permitted the company to use special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly.政府已经允许该公司使用特殊材料，使车辆更容易飞行。
②（2017·全国I卷完形）I then made it a point____(attend) those meeting sand learn all I could.
然后，我特意参加了那些会议，尽可能地学习。［to attend］
make it a point to do对······特别注意；努力做到······
10．although 引导让步状语从句
教材例句：
Although some believe festivals should not be commercialized,others believe the increase...is good...尽管有人认为节日不应该被商业化，但是也有人认为增长······有利于······
解析
although意为“尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句，通常可与though互换。
although／though／as均可引导让步状语从句，不能与but连用，但可与yet，still等连用。
①although引导让步状语从句时，从句用正常语序。
②though引导让步状语从句时，从句可以倒装也可以不倒装。用倒装语序时，作表语的形容词或名词提至句首。
③as引导让步状语从句时，从句要用倒装语序，把表语、状语或谓语动词中的实义动词提至句首。作表语的单数可数名词放在句首时，要省略冠词。
④though 还可用作副词，放在句末；although则不能。
I have a headache. It's nothing much,though.我头疼，不过并不厉害。
高考例句+经典例句：
① Although/Though it was raining hard,(yet)we still went on working.尽管下着大雨，但我们仍继续工作。
②（2021·浙江二考语法填空）Although Mary loved flowers,neither she nor her husband was known as a gardener.
虽然玛丽喜欢花，但她和她的丈夫都不是园丁。
③ Child _____she was, she had a good command of English.她尽管是个孩子，但已精通英语了。［though／as］
though／as引导让步状语从句时倒装，表语是单数可数名词时，放在句首，不定冠词a／an 要省略掉
④___________________________________________.虽然他很固执，但我已经说服了他和我们一起去。
［Although／Though he is very stubborn， I have persuaded him to go with us 或Very stubborn as/though he is, I have persuaded him to go with us]
11.it 作形式主语
教材例句
It was great fun walking along the streets, enjoying the relaxing atmosphere!走在街上,享受着轻松的气氛,真是太快乐了!
解析：
it 用作形式主语时,真正主语有三种形式:
不定式短语
动名词短语
主语从句
拓展：
it 作形式主语的句式还有:
It occurs to sb. that...某人突然想到……
It is reported that...据报道……
It is said that...据说……
It is known to all that...众所周知……
It's suggested that...有人建议……
It's believed that...人们相信...
It hits me that...我突然想到……
It is likely/possible/
probable that... 很可能.
It is possible to do sth.
It is no use/no good doing sth.做某事是没有用的。
It is a waste of time doing sth.做某事是浪费时间。
It is no fun doing sth.做某事没有乐趣。
高考例句+经典例句
1(2020·全国Ⅲ卷阅读)It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.据说，25-34岁的人中大约有20%和父母住在一起,而1991年这一比例为16%。
it 作形式主语，后面that引导的从句是真正主语
②(2020·全国Ⅲ卷七选五)It is traditional_______( bring ) a gift to a housewarming party.
带礼物去参加乔迁派对是一种传统。[to bring ]
it 作形式主语,后面的不定式短语to bring a gift to a housewarming party是真正主语
③ It is very likely Jacob will dis- like the plan.
= Jacob is very likely to dislike the plan.雅各布很可能不喜欢这项计划。[that ]
④It's no good( complain )-they never listen.抱怨毫无用处--他们根本不听。[complaining ]
12.They've been riding horses all their lives.
have been riding 是现在完成进行时。其结构是“have/has been+现在分词”,表示动作从过去某一时间开始,一直持续到现在,或者刚刚终止,或者可能仍然要继续下去。
13.That was the moment I started to understand why people say...
I started to understand why people say...是省略了引导词 that 的定语从句,修饰 the moment。其中why...是宾语从句，作 understand 的宾语。
the moment/time, the place, the reason等作先行词,后接定语从句且关系词在从句中作状语时,定语从句通常分别用关系副词when, where, why 引导,也可用that 引导。用that引导是非正式的用法,此时的that 仍视为关系副词且常被省略。这里就是省略关系副词that 的定语从句。
14.as 引导状语从句
教材例句
...Mongolians travel every year from near and far to attend the festival, just as their ancestors had done for centuries.…….与他们数百年前的祖先一样，蒙古人每年都会从四面八方赶来参加这一节日。
解析
as 引导状语从句有如下用法:
·as 引导时间状语从句,强调主句谓语动词与从句谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。
As our car approached Mount Huang, it slowed down.当我们的车接近黄山时,速度慢了下来。
·as 引导原因状语从句。
It is important to pay your bills on time, as late payments may affect your credit.按时缴纳费用很重要,因为晚缴可能会影响你的信用。
.as 引导让步状语从句,意为“尽管,虽然,即使”(从句须倒装)。 Cold as it is , my elder brother wears only a shirt.尽管天气冷,但我哥哥只穿了一件衬衫。
.as引导方式状语从句,意为“根据;按照”。
They did as I had asked.他们是按照我的要求做的。
·as 引导比较状语从句,意为“像……一样”。
John came as early as Mary did.约翰和玛丽来得一样早。
拓展
as 还引导定语从句,意为“正如;正像”。
As is known to us all, the Internet plays a very important part in our life and work.
众所周知,互联网在我们的生活和工作中起着非常重要的作用。
As we can see ( from his accent )...正如我们(从他的口音中)所看到的……
As you know...正如你所知道的…… As is mentioned above...正如上面提到的……
高考例句+经典例句
①As the average age of the population in- creases, there are more and more old people to care for.
随着人口平均年龄的增长,有越来越多的老年人需要照顾。 as引导时间状语从句
② As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.因为天气太糟糕,我们不得不推迟旅行。
as 引导原因状语从句
③ Hot as it was , the kids played football on the playground.尽管天气炎热,但孩子们还是在操场上踢足球。
④Child as he is , he knows a lot about space exploration.尽管他是个孩子,但他对太空探索了解很多。
⑤ Hard as they tried, they couldn't make her change her mind.他们尽管做了很多努力,却没法让她改变主意。
③④⑤中,as引导让步状语从句,从句须倒装。把作表语的形容词、名词(零冠词)和副词提前
⑥ Try as he might, he couldn't solve the problem.他尽管想尽办法,却没能解决这个问题。
[说明]动词提前时,主语后通常为may， might, would 等情态动词
⑦(2017·全国Ⅲ卷书面表达)As you know,playing ping-pong can not only build up your body but also shape your character.正如你所知,打乒乓球不仅能锻炼你的身体,还能塑造你的性格。
as 引导定语从句
⑧ There is no simple answer，____is often the case in science.没有简单的答案,在科学上情况通常是这样。[as]
15. as if引导方式状语从句
教材例句
...the competitors danced onto the green field, waving their arms in the air as if they were eagles.
……选手们开始在草地上翩翩起舞,他们挥动着双臂,宛如雄鹰。
拓展
①as if可以引导表语从句和方式状语从句。
②as if从句的语气:
·as if引导的从句表示的内容为事实或可能为事实,用陈述语气。
He looked as if he was about to burst into tears.他看上去好像要哭了。
·若与事实相反,应使用虚拟语气。对现在情况的虚拟:用一般过去时(be-were)
对过去情况的虚拟:用过去完成时
对将来情况的虚拟:用would/ could/might/should +do
He looks at me as if l were mad.他看着我仿佛我疯了似的。
He talks about Rome as if he had been there before.他说起罗马好像他以前去过罗马似的。
He opens his mouth as if he would say something.他张开嘴好像要说什么。
as if引导的从句有时可用省略形式。结构:as if + 分词/不定式/形容词/介词短语等。
①This meat tastes as if it______( go)bad.
这肉尝起来似乎已经坏了。[has gone]
②It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I____( do)it
是约翰打破了窗户。为什么你跟我说话的感觉好像这事是我做的呢 [ had done ]
③ You can brush with it as if____( guide ) by a dentist.你可以像在牙医的指导下那样用它刷牙。[guided ]
④More generally, the Internet functions as if it____( be ) my memory.总体上来说,互联网的功能就好像它是我的记忆一样。[ were ]
⑤ He gave her a blank look , as if_____( have ) no idea who she was.
他面无表情地看了她一眼,仿佛根本不认识她一样。[having ]
⑥ The girl bent as if in search of something.那个女孩弯下腰,好像在找什么东西。
⑦ From time to time , Jason turned round as if ( he was ) searching for someone.贾森不时地转过身来,好像在找人。
16.现在完成进行时
教材例句
They've been riding horses all their lives.他们是在马背上长大的。
解析
现在完成进行时是英语中动词的一种基本时态,其构成为“have/has been+ 现在分词”。表示动作从过去某一时间开始,一直持续到现在,或者刚刚终止,或者可能仍然要继续下去。
现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别:
现在完成时表示事情发生在过去，并一直持续到现在,且过去发生的动作对现在有一定的影响。现在完成时强调过去动作、行为的结果和影响。
现在完成进行时表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作,强调这个动作可能会继续下去。它只强调动作、行为本身。
表示状态的动词不能用于现在完成进行时。
高考例句+经典例题：
①(2020·天津二考单选)一You are a great swimmer.你游泳游得很好。
一Thanks. It's because I have been practising a lot these days.谢谢。这是因为这些天我一直在练习。
② Languages_____( come )and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going.语言的出现和消失已经有几千年的历史了,但最近,出现的语言越来越少,而消失的语言却越来越多。[have been coming ]
③ Now that she is out of a job, Lucy_____( consider ) going back to school, but she hasn't decided yet.因为露西失业了,她一直在考虑重返学校,但她还没有决定。[has been considering ] now that 引导原因状语从句
④(2021·全国乙卷阅读)People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece.从古希腊时代起,人们就一直涌入体育场。