(共16张PPT)
专 题 三
不可忽视的小词
第2讲 数词
(10年6考;选择填空、完形填空、完成对话、短文填空)
1
课标知识导图
2
随堂检测
第一节 基数词与序数词
第二节 基数词与序数词的转换
考情概览
考情概览
成都近10年中考在选择填空、完形填空、完成对话、短文填空中考查数词。具体考查角度如下:
1.基数词:
选择填空(2015A. 41);
2.序数词:
选择填空(2014A.34);完形填空(2020A.54);完成对话(2017B.二1);
3.基数词与序数词的转换:
短文填空(2015B.二3);短文填空(2022B.三8)。
课标知识导图
第一节 基数词与序数词
(10年4考;选择填空、完形填空、完成对话)
基数词(2015A.41)
用法
基数词与序数词(10年4考):①基数词(2015A.41) ②序数词(10年3考)
1)数量: three apples→后接名词。
(1)数量
①five hundred students→表示确切概念:与具体的数字连用或several, some,many等连用,其后不加s。
②thousands of years→表示不确切概念:与of连用,其前不加具体的数字。
③常见概数词: hundred, thousand, million, billion
2)概数词(课标未作要求)
基数词(2015A.41)
用法
(2)顺序编号、电话号码
①Room201→顺序和编号:基数词位于名词之后,名词首字母需大写。
②电话号码:用基数词,可单个读,重复数字也可读“double”。
(3)倍(次)数
four times→倍(次)数:一倍(次)用once,两倍(次)数倍(次)用twice,两倍(次)以上用基数词+times。
基数词(2015A.41)
用法
(4)时刻、日期和
年份
①6 o'clock→“几点钟”用基数词加o' clock
②8:10 ten past eight→“几点过几分”,分钟小于或等于30分钟,用介词past。
③7:45 a quater to eight→“差几分到几点”,分钟大于30分钟,用介词to。
④in the 1990s→年代: in the +年份的复数,“在几世纪几十年代”。
⑤Oct. l st, 2023→日期:年用基数词,日用序数词。
基数词(2015A.41)
用法
(5)年龄
①30 years old→阿拉伯数字/基数词+years old。
②at the age of 10→at the age of+阿拉伯数字/基数词,“在……岁时”。
③in her thirties→in one's +整十数的复数形式,“在某人几十多岁时”。
基数词(2015A.41)
用法
(6)其他
①a ten-minute walk = ten minutes' walk一段步行10分钟的路程→由基数词和名词(或名词+形容词)构成的合成定语中,名词用单数形式。
②another three students = three more students另外三名学生→another+基数词+可数名词复数=基数词+ more+可数名词复数。
③Ten minutes is a long time when waiting.→数词与表示时间、距离、重量、金钱、度量等词连用作主语,常被看作是一个整体,谓语动词用单数。
基数词(2015A.41)
用法
(7)拓展:常见基数词变为副词的几种特殊形式。
如:one→ once (一次) ;two→twice (两次; 两倍)
序数词
(10年3考)
1.常见表达
(1)1~12: one, two(2015A.41), three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve
(2)13~19:由3到9的英文加-teen构成(特殊: thirteen, fifteen, eighteen)
(3)20~90之间的整十:都以-ty结尾: twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety
(4)一百: one hundred 一千: one thousand 一万: ten thousand
2.用法
(1)the second day of May→加the表顺序(2014A.34)。
(2)my first time→前面有形容词性物主代词、名词所有格等限定词时不加the(2017B.二1, 2020A.54)。
(3)a third time→加不定冠词a或an,表示“又一,再一”,内含顺序性。
2.用法
(4)She stands first in the singing competition.→修饰谓语动词时,
定冠词the省略。
(5)the tenth page=Page 10→物品编号: the+序数词+名词( =名词+
基数词)。
(6)the first three pages of the book→与基数词连用时,通常是序数词在前面。
3.基数词变序数词
(1)第1-第3: first, second, third
(2)第4-第19:由相应的基数词加-th构成(特殊: fifth, eighth,
ninth, twelfth)
序数词
(10年3考)
3.基数词变序数词
(3)twentieth→第20-第90之间的整+:由相应的基数词词尾y变为i加-eth构成。
(4)ninety-first→第21-第99之间的“第几十几”:只将个位数变为序数词,十位数不变,中间用连字符连接。
序数词(10年3考)
第二节 基数词与序数词的转换
(2022B.三8,2015B.二3;短文填空)
如何判断空处填序数词(2022B.三8, 2015B.二3)
1.I am the first person to get to the top of the mountain.
( 2022B.三8, 2015B.二3) →+a/an/the+序数词+名词
2.It is her fourth time to win the first place in the speech.→形容词性
物主代词+序数词+名词
3.First, listen carefully in class. Second...Third...
→在文章中罗列步骤,与其他序数词并列。
随堂检测
Passage
外文素材改编自180 Days of READING
制作狗窝的乐趣
I'm a pupil. Lucky was my dog. He was a present from my father on my 1. birthday.
eight one two thousand three
eighth
One day, the doghouse was broken because of the heavy rain. I didn't want Lucky to get wet on rainy days. When I invited my father to make Lucky a new home for a 2. time,he agreed.
We 3. found some boards as the four walls and floors. We also made sure to cut a big door for Lucky to go in and out. Then we started making the roof(屋顶). Finally my dad put some tiles(瓦片)on the roof.After it was finished, I couldn't believe how good the house looked.
eight one two thousand three
third
first
I put the video of the doghouse on the Internet and 4. of people liked my video. I was glad that Lucky got his 5. home. I also got happiness from this experience.
eight one two thousand three
thousands
second