2024中考英语试题研究 第二部分 专题一 第1讲 动词和动词短语 课件(共47张PPT)

(共47张PPT)
专 题 一
形式多变的动词
（10年45考，近10年连续考查；选择填空、完形填空）
第1讲 动词和动词短语
21
第一节 动词词义辨析
考情概览
3
1
考情概览
第二节 动词短语辨析
4
动词和动词短语(10年45考)：①动词的分类 ②动词的基本形式 ③动词短语(10年11考)
动词的
分类
1.系动词
(2019A.51)
(1)I am tall and strong.→“状态”类：be (am,is,are)。
(2)We can keep healthy by exercising.→“持续”类：keep/stay等。
(3)It rained suddenly and we all got wet.→“变化”类：turn/
become/get等。
(4)The flowers smell sweet.→感官动词：sound/look/taste/smell
(2019A.51)/feel等。
2.实义动词(10年33考)
(1)I like him.→及物动词(需接宾语):accept,answer,buy, finish, give,like, learn,make,watch,write等。
动词的
分类
2.实义动词(10年33考)
(2)He arrived in Beijing last night.→不及物动词(无需加宾语):
arrive,come,go, happen,look, rise,run, sit, smile, wait, walk等。
注意：有些不及物动词+介词，后可跟宾语，如：We shouldn’t laugh at others who are in trouble.
3.助动词(不能单独做谓语)
(1)She is walking.
(2)She doesn’t keep problems
to herself.
(3)My uncle has been to many interesting places.
基本助动词be,do,have,will等。助动词本身没有意义或意义不完整，不可单独做谓语，只能和它后面的动词一起构成谓语，以表示时态、语态、人称和数，还可构成否定、疑问等句型。
4.情态动词 详见本专题“第4讲 情态动词” P145
动词的基本形式 详见本专题“第2讲 动词的时态”P133
动词短语(10年11考) 详见本讲“第二节 动词短语辨析” P123
动词的
分类
考情概览
成都近10年中考每年在完形填空中考查1～4道动词词义辨析。具体 考查角度如下：
完形填空：实义动词词义辨析(10年33考)和感官动词词义辨析(2019A.51)。
第一节 动词词义辨析
（10年34考，近10年连续考查；完形填空）
随堂检测
基础训练
1.（2023成华区二诊）—Excuse me，can you teach me how to______ 　　　　 this new word？
—No problem. Look at my mouth and listen carefully.
A. pronounce B. produce C. prepare
A
2.（2023温江区二诊）Our teacher usually reminds us _　 our homework on time.
A. to finish B. doing C. hand in
3. Chinese people usually 　　 hands to show their welcome and kindness.
A. shake B. raise C. put
4. Life is full of the unexpected things. Bad luck may 　　 a good thing.
A. record B. become C. grow
A
A
B
5. You may 　　　　 what you are good at if you try some new things.
A. create B. discover C. review
6. It’s dangerous to 　　　　 things down from a high place，which may hurt others.
A. throw B. cover C. weigh
7. You can hardly 　　　　 how wonderful the concert is. You should watch it yourself.
A. remember B. imagine C. consider
B
A
B
8. Our school provides Taichi class. It helps to 　　 our traditional culture.
A. receive B. compare C. spread
9. We should 　　 the friendship that we have developed in the past years.
A. value B. change C. make
10. Mark plans to 　　　　 some of his old clothes and toys at a yard sale to get some money for a trip.
A. buy B. keep C. sell
C
A
C
11. The song 　　　 wonderful. It makes me think of my colorful middle school life.
A. sounds B. smells C. tastes
12. Although our parents are getting older as time goes by， their love for us always 　　　　.
A. remains B. moves C. returns
13. Fresh food is good for you. But you have to 　　　　 it first because sometimes it is a little dirty.
A. eat B. pick C. wash
A
A
C
14. Students who read more have more chances to 　　　　 the direction of their life.
A. bring B. forget C. choose
15. In order to get good grades， Li Hua 　　　　 dancing for two hours every day.
A. finishes B. enjoys C. practices
C
C
语篇提能
Passage
I’ve spent years living in Beijing，but I haven’t had many true outdoor experiences. However，a road trip to Nanshan Skiing （滑雪） Village 　1　 me something unforgettable.
As my friends and I sat together in the ski lift（滑雪缆车） chair， I felt that I had truly 　2　 the busy city life of Beijing.
( )1. A. drove B. brought C. showed
( )2. A. missed B. believed C. left
B
C
Hung up in the air，I took in the wide view of the countryside and _3_ the peaceful quiet.
As the ski lift 　4　，I slowly went off the chair but I nearly did a face plant into the snow. However，I 　5　 myself together and made my way to one of the many starting points.
( )3. A. wanted B. expected C. enjoyed
( )4. A. moved B. reached C. came
( )5. A. held B. learned C. pulled
C
B
C
My friends had already started making their ways down the hill. And I was about to 　6　 them but suddenly I felt afraid as I found how easy it was to pick up speed. I ended up falling down into the snow instead and one of my skis（雪橇） 　7　.
Not wanting to give up， I put on the ski again. After 　8　 to slow down a few times，I came to accept the situation.
( )6. A. join B. stop C. praise
( )7. A. changed B. dropped C. lost
( )8. A. failing B. refusing C. forgetting
A
B
A
Although I still felt nervous， I was able to ski much better at last.
By the end of that day，I had 　9　 what it meant to take risks and get out of my comfort zone （舒适区）. By 　10　 what seems afraid，you can find both courage and peace within.
( )9. A. thought B. realized C. wondered
( )10. A. thanking B. accepting C. understanding
B
B
语篇研读
What：主要讲述了作者一次户外滑雪活动经历的故事。
Why：引导学生要走出舒适区，勇于挑战，不断提升自我。
How：
①文体特征：记叙文。
②语言特点：使用了一些形容词如peaceful, afraid，nervous等描述作者的情感变化。
考情概览
成都近10年中考连续在选择填空、完形填空中考查动词短语辨析。 动词短语每年考查0～3 道(以1道为主)。其中在选择填空中每年考查0～1道；在完形填空中每年考查0～3道。具体考查角度如下：
1．同一介词/副词型：
完形填空(10年6考)；
2．同一动词型：
选择填空(2016A.41，2014A.35)，完形填空(10年3考)。
第二节 动词短语辨析
（10年11考，近10年连续考查；选择填空、完形填空）
考向
1
同一介词/副词型(10年6考)
介词/副词 词义 常考短语
about 关于 talk about谈论；讨论　 argue about争论　　　care about关心；在意 hear about听说
know/learn about了解 think about思考；考虑worry about担心；烦恼
介词/副词 词义 常考短语
at 向；朝着 look at看　　　 　　 　laugh at嘲笑　　 　　
point at 指向 shout at对……大喊　 　
smile at冲……笑　 　 work at从事；研究
其他 knock at敲　　　　　 call sb. at打电话给某人
away 离开； 远离 blow away 吹走；驱散　　 fly away飞走
give away赠送；捐赠；泄露
throw away 扔掉；抛弃 take away带走；拿走 stay/keep away from远离
介词/副词 词义 常考短语
away 去别处 go away走开　　　 move away搬走　　　
put away将……收起；攒钱
back 回原处 come back回来；恢复　　　 go back回去　　　give back归还
回应 talk back回嘴；顶嘴　　 　
call (sb.) back (给某人) 回电话
回想；回忆 bring back带回；使想起　　
look back at回首 (往事)；回忆；回顾
介词/副词 词义 常考短语
down 往下； 向下 cut down砍倒；削减
fall down突然倒下；倒塌；摔倒　lie down躺下
(数量、力量、活动等)减少，减弱；降低 break down损坏；分解；抛锚；停止运转；
出故障
die down逐渐变弱；逐渐消失　let down使失望
slow down减速 turn down调低；关小；拒绝
(写)在之上 take down拆卸；记录 write down写下；记录下
介词/副词 词义 常考短语
from (表示分离 或去除) run away from逃离　　　　　
separate from把……分开
(表示来源)来自；从……来 come from来自　
hear from收到……的来信
for (2018A. 60， 2015A. 56) (表示对象、 用途等)给；对 ask for 请求(2015A. 56) look for 寻找　　care for 关心 pay for 支付
prepare for 为……做准备 search for寻找
stand for 代表 wait for 等待(2018A. 60)
介词/副词 词义 常考短语
for (2018A. 60， 2015A. 56) 往，向 leave for 动身前往某地
off 不工作；休息 break off中止；弄断　　　put off拖延　　　
shut off关闭；停止运转
除去 cut off切除；剪掉；切断(水源、电源等)　
pay off偿清(欠款等)；成功
介词/副词 词义 常考短语
off 释放； 放出 give off发出；放出(光、热等)　　　　
go off (闹钟)发出响声；离开 show off炫耀
离开 (某处) get off 下车 keep off不接近 set off出发；动身
take off 起飞；脱下；摘掉；离开
on (2018A. 53) 表示“持续性” carry on继续　　　　 go on继续；发生
hold on等一等(别挂电话)；坚持
keep on继续(前行)
work on从事于……；继续工作；对……起作用
介词/副词 词义 常考短语
on (2018A. 53) 登上(车辆) get on上车；进展
穿着；戴着 try on试穿
其他 call on号召；拜访　
come on快点儿；加油；来吧
decide on就……作出决定
depend on取决于；依靠；依赖
live/feed on以……为食/靠……为生
play a trick on开……的玩笑(2018A. 53)
介词/副词 词义 常考短语
out (从……)出来 point out指出　　　 give out分发；散发
go out外出(娱乐) hang out闲逛；常去某处
look out of由……往外看 move out搬出；开始行动
set out出发；开始 take out拿出；取出
除掉； 清除 clear out清理；丢掉　 cut out删除；删去　
leave out忽略；不提及；不包括
没有； 缺少 die out灭绝；消失　　　　run out用完；耗尽
介词/副词 词义 常考短语
out 揭示了的； 向外界公开的 act out表演　　 bring out使显现；使表现出　　
find out查明；弄清 turn out结果是；证明是　 　 work out算出；解决；设计出；作出；制订
其他 blow out 吹灭　　　　　　　
break out(战争；火灾等)突然发生；爆发
carry out执行；开展；贯彻
help out 帮助分担工作、解决难题
介词/副词 词义 常考短语
out 其他 lay out摆开；布置 look out小心；当心
sell out售完；卖光 try out试验；选拔
to (2017A. 54) 作为动词不 定式的标志 used to do过去常常(2017A. 54)
want to do想要做　　　 　plan to do计划做
up 向上；起来 stand up 站立　 look up查(字典等)；抬头
climb up 爬上
cheer up(使)振作起来；(使)高兴起来
介词/副词 词义 常考短语
up 向上；起来 get up起床；起来 grow up成长；长大
pick up搭载；捡起；获得；收拾；接电话　　
turn up出现
把……完成或 破坏掉 cut up切碎；剁碎
完全；彻底 eat up吃光；吃完　use up 用完；耗尽
介词/副词 词义 常考短语
up 其他 dress up打扮；乔装打扮 wake up睡醒；醒来；唤醒
clean up打扫(或清除)干
end up最终成为；最后处于
fix up 修理；装饰 hurry up赶快；急忙(做某事)
give up放弃 make up编造；组成；构成；化妆
set up建立；设立；开办 stay up不睡觉；熬夜
show up出现；露面 take up 占据；占去；从事
介词/副词 词义 常考短语
with (2018A. 52， 2014A. 52) 和；同；跟 talk with与……谈论　　
communicate with与……交流
compare with与……比较
connect with与……相连
go with与……一起走(2018A. 52)
catch up with赶上；超过
get along with与……相处(2014A. 52)
keep up with 跟上
介词/副词 词义 常考短语
with (2018A. 52，2014A. 52) 用；以 begin/start with以……开始　　　　
end up with 以……结束
其他 come up with想出；提出(主意、计划、回答等)　
deal with解决；处理
over 再一次；重复地 look over 仔细检查　think over 仔细考虑
悬在……上面；向……上方, hang over 悬挂
介词/副词 词义 常考短语
over 从……落下 fall over 绊倒
越过 get over 克服；恢复
其他 take over接管　　　　turn over翻转
考向
2
同一动词型(10年5考)
动词 常考短语
cut cut back削减 cut in插嘴；超车；插入
cut into切入；刺入；打断
come (2017A. 46) come across偶然发现　　　 come in进来；到达
come over顺便来访
come out出现；显露；公开；开花(2017A. 46)
come true实现；成为现实 come up with提出
动词 常考短语
fall (2022A. 46) fall asleep进入梦乡(2022A. 46)　 　
fall in love with喜欢上……；和……相爱
go go away走开；离开　　　　 go along沿着走
go through 经历；度过；通读 go by(时间)流逝；过去
go over 仔细检查；温习
go out of one’s way 特地；格外努力
动词 常考短语
get (2021A. 55) get close to接近(2021A. 55) get dressed 穿上衣服
get in进入 get in the way of 挡……的路
get lost迷路 get married结婚
get over克服 get ready for为……做准备
get used to 习惯于 get to到达
give give in投降　　　　　　 give...a lift 捎……一程
动词 常考短语
look look after 照料；照顾　 look around 四处转转；参观　 　
look for寻找；寻求 look forward to盼望；期待
look into调查 look like看起来像
look through 快速查看；浏览
take take action采取行动　 take after (外貌或行为)像　　
take care of照顾；处理 take place发生；出现
take pride in为……感到自豪 take one’s place代替；替换
动词 常考短语
turn (2014A. 35) turn back(使)返回；(使)折回
turn right/left向右/左转
turn on接通(电流、煤气、水等)(2014A. 35)
turn off关掉
put (2016A. 41) put down放下　　　　　　　
put on 增加(体重)；发胖；穿上；上演(2016A. 41)
put up搭起；举起；张贴 put back 拖延；推迟
随堂检测
基础训练
1.（2023成华区二诊）A great deal of my time is 　　　　 with practicing playing the guitar.
A. taken up B. made up C. put up
2.（2023新都区一诊）We need to 　 because teamwork is very important.
A. run out B. go off C. pull together
A
C
3. We win the first prize in the sports meeting，and the honor __ everyone.
A. gets to B. belongs to C. adds to
4. Be an honest person，and you’ll find it easier to 　　　　 others.
A. get out of B. get along with C. get ready for
5. We all 　　 China’s fast development as we have the longest high speed railway in the world.
A. take away from B. take care of C. take pride in
B
B
C
6. The plane was 　　　　 because of the heavy snow. In that case， we had to change our plan.
A. cut off B. taken off C. put off
7. We went to the lake for a picnic yesterday. Everyone 　　　　 their rubbish finally.
A. gave away B. took away C. blew away
8. To make her mother not 　　　　 her， Lisa tells her mother that she can look after herself well at school.
A. hear about B. know about C. worry about
C
B
C
9. For children，they should learn to 　　　　 something dangerous to protect themselves.
A. keep away from B. keep up with C. keep in mind
10. Try to stay at an open place during the earthquake because some buildings may suddenly 　　　　.
A. fall down B. pull down C. break down
A
A
11. Don’t be upset when you fail！ You should 　　　　 and try it one more time.
A. cheer up B. wake up C. call up
12. Mrs. Smith has lived in China for twenty years，so she has_____ Chinese food.
A. come up with B. got used to C. stayed away from
A
B
微语篇提能
Passage
外文素材改编自THE WEEK Junior
劳动创造价值
[劳育·照料小花园]Kendall Rae Johnson has a huge garden that produces lots of food each year. “I 　1　 growing food with my family and friends，” she says.
( )1. A. take the place of B. play a joke on C. fall in love with
C
She began gardening at the age of three. “Grandma gave me some fresh plants and told me not to throw away the stems（茎） because if I put them in the ground， they will 　2　 again，” Kendall Rae said. And then she tried it and was surprised when the stems grew new leaves. When her friends 　3　， Kendall Rae enjoyed sharing what she knew.
Today， her garden has grown to include sixty plant beds and twelve trees！
( )2. A. grow up B. show up C. wake up
( )3. A. fell over B. came over C. looked over
A
B
Kendall Rae says， “I pick these vegetables when they are ripe（成熟）. Then I do a food sale and 　4　 others.”
Labor（劳动） teaches children to take responsibility and know the value of hard work. Kendall Rae’s story shows gardening can make people 　5　 others and help others. By working together， children can learn to care for plants and see the fruits of their hard work.
( )4. A. share with B. compare with C. take with
( )5. A. talk with B. live with C. work with
A
C