2024中考英语试题研究 第二部分 专题一 第3讲 动词的语态 (课件)(共33张PPT)

(共33张PPT)
专 题 一
形式多变的动词
第3讲 动词的语态
3
课标知识导图
（10年17考，近5年连续考查；选择填空、补全单词、
完成对话、短文填空）
2
语篇学语法
4
随堂检测
1
考情概览
考情概览
成都近10年中考中，近5年连续在选择填空、补全单词、完成对话、短文填空中考查动词的语态。具体考查角度如下：
1．一般现在的时被动语态：选择填空(10年4考)；完成对话(2016B.一7)；
2．一般过去时的被动语态：选择填空(10年4考)；短文填空(10年3考)；
3．一般将来时的被动语态：选择填空(2021A. 37，2018A.40)；补全单词(2017B.一3)；
4．现在完成时的被动语态：补全单词(2022B.一1)。
5．含有情态动词的被动语态：完成对话(2018B.一10)。
语篇学语法
根据文章内容提示，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
[素材改编自译林牛津八(下) Unit 8 P108]
Switzerland is a beautiful country. Recycling is an important part of Swiss culture and it 1.___________（take） seriously in this country.
结合上方语篇，针对文章的解题方法进行填空。
①此处主语it（代指recycling）和谓语take为逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被认真地对待；再根据前半句中的“is”和连词“and”可知，此处时态为___________，因此该句语态为：____________________；且主语为“it”，be动词应用___。该语态结构为：主语+________________+其他。
一般现在时
一般现在时的被动语态
is
am/is/are+done
is taken
In Switzerland， things like glass， plastic and paper 2.___________（separate） into different groups and then they are recycled.
②此处主语things和谓语separate为逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被分成不同组；再根据上下句语境可知，此处时态为___________，因此该句语态为：_____________________；且主语为“things”，be动词应用___。
I learn about an organization which collects old clothes from all over the country and then divides them into different kinds. Some of the clothes are sold in charity shops. Some are given to the poor.
一般现在时
一般现在时的被动语态
are
are separated
The rest of them 3.___________（send） to factories for recycling.
③此处主语The rest of them （代指clothes）和谓语send为逻辑上的动宾关系；再根据上下句语境可知，此处时态为___________，因此该句语态为：________________________；且主语为“The rest of them”，be动词应用_____。
一般现在时
一般现在时的被动语态
are
are sent
In my hometown， the government has some similar ways like that. Last week， an old dress which I received on my 12th birthday 4._______________（collect） by one organization.
④此处主语 an old dress和谓语collect为逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被收集；再根据句中的“Last week”可知，此处时态为_____________，因此该句语态为：____________________；且主语为“an old dress”，be动词应用_______。该语态结构为：主语＋_______________＋其他。
一般过去时
一般过去时的被动语态
was
was/were+done
was collected
When it 5.____________（give） to the collectors， I felt satisfied.
⑤此处主语 it（代指 an old dress）和谓语give为逻辑上的动宾关系；再根据句中的“felt”可知，此处时态为_____________，因此该句语态为：_________________________；且主语为“it”，be动词应_____________。
一般过去时
一般过去时的被动语态
was
was given
Besides， other rules are made to protect the environment. For example， if we drop litter in a public place， we 6.______________（educate） and punished.
⑥此处主语 we和谓语educate为逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被教育；再根据句中的“if”可知，此处时态为______________，因此该句语态为：________________________；且主语为“we”，be动词应用_________。该语态结构为：主语＋_____________＋其他。
一般将来时
一般将来时的被动语态
will be
will be +done
will be educated
What’s more， anything that is bad for nature 7._____________（not allow） to be carried out.
⑦此处主语 anything 和谓语 allow为逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被允许；再根据句中的“is”可知，此处时态为___________，因此该句语态为_______________________；且主语为“anything”，be动词应用_____。
一般现在时
一般现在时的被动语态
is
isn’t allowed
Nature is our greatest treasure， so it should 8.___________（take） good care of by us. Remember that everyone can do something to make a difference！
⑧此处主语 it和谓语 take为逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被照顾；再根据句中的“should”可知，该句语态为：________________________；be动词应用_______。该语态结构为：主语＋____________________＋其他。　
含情态动词的被动语态
原形
情态动词+be done
be taken
课标知识导图
动词的语态(10年17考)：①被动语态的构成(10年17考) ②被动语态的使用情况
③主动语态变被动语态的方法 ④主动语态表被动语态的情况
被动语态的构成
(10年17考)
Many birds are protected in nature parks.→am/is/
are+done
1.一般现在时的被动语态(10年5考)
2.一般过去时的被动语态(10年7考)
Many birds were protected in nature parks last year.
→was/were+done
被动语态的构成
(10年17考)
Many birds will be protected in nature parks in the future.
→will/shall+be done或be going to+be done
3.一般将来时的被动语态(10年3考)
4.现在完成时的被动语态(2022B.-1)
Some new factories have been built in the city since last year.
→have/has+ been+动词的过去分词
5.含情态动词的被动语态
(2018B.-10)
(课标未作要求)
Many birds should be protected in nature parks.
→情态动词+be done
被动语态的使用情况
1.This watch is made in China.→不知道动作的执行者。
2.The song is loved worldwide.→没必要指出动作的执行者。
3.Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.→需要强调动作的承受者。
4.Many houses were washed away by the flood.→动作的发出者是物。
5.You have been told many times not to make the same mistakes.→出于礼貌等原因不愿意说出动作的执行者。
6.The boy was dressed in a blue coat.→有些动词习惯上只用被动语态，如born, seat,dress等。
主动语态变被动语态的方法
She writes some interesting books every year.
主动语态：
主语
谓语
宾语
Some interesting books are written by her every year.
被动语态：
宾语变主语
be done
主语变宾语由by引出
1.
2.口诀：主变宾，宾变主，谓语动词变被动
主动语态表被动语态的情况
1.Some small shops in Britain usually close for an hour at lunchtime.
→start, begin,open, lock等词作不及物动词且主语为物时。
2.This kind of pen writes very well.
→write,read, sell,clean,wash,cut等词表示事物本身性质时。
3.The idea sounds good.→look,sound, taste,smell, feel等感官动词用主动
语态表被动意义。
4.The book is worth reading.→be worth doing结构用主动语态表被动意义。
5.The machine needs repairing.=The machine needs to be repaired.→want/
need/require等+doing,相当于want/need/require等+to be done。
随堂检测
基础训练
1. （2023成都A.40）A great number of beautiful flowers _________on the second ring road in Chengdu these days.
A. plant B. are planted C. are planting
2. （2022成都A.38）Some groups__________prizes on April 15， 2022 by the Central Committee of the CYLC（共青团中央）.
A. were given B. were giving C. will be given
B
A
3. （2021成都 A.37）The Party's 100th birthday________on July 1st this year in our country.
A. will be celebrated B. has been celebrated C. will celebrate
4. （2020成都A.40）Wuchazi Bridge _________as an Internet famous place in Chengdu now.
A. regards B. is regarded C. is regarding
5. （2019成都A.37）Unluckily， Notre Dame de Paris（巴黎圣母院）________ this April. We felt so sad for that.
A. was burnt B. is burnt C. has been burnt
A
B
A
6. （2018成都A.40）The opening of the 2018 World Cup______ in Russia this evening. So after our English exam， let's go and watch it to relax ourselves！
A. would be held B. is held C. will be held
7. （2023金牛区二诊）It's reported that the Dujiangyan Siguniang Mountain Railway _________in 2026. And it will be the first mountain track（轨道） in China.
A. is built B. will build C. will be built
C
C
8. （2023青羊区二诊）Some useful websites for English learners______ 　　　　 in yesterday's discussion.
A. have shared B. were mentioned C. were exchanging
9. （2023武侯区二诊）On March 16th in 2023， the opening ceremony of the 6th Chengdu International Poetry Festival ____ at Chengdu University.
A. was held B. is held C. will be held
B
A
10. There are many colorful model ships on the table. They _______ by students during the last art lesson.
A. were painted B. painted C. are painted
11. Success belongs to people who have dreams and ______ by people who can catch chances.
A. is created B. creates C. was created
12. —The news sounds interesting. How did you know that？
—It _______in yesterday's newspaper.
A. reports B. was reported C. reported
A
A
B
13. Different kinds of food _________ by the workers in our school's dining hall every day during lunch time.
A. serve B. will be served C. are served
14. Now blind people ________to take guide dogs into more public places. It's really helpful.
A. allow B. will be allowed C. are allowed
C
C
15. —A hanfu lover can _______walking down the street in many cities.
—Well， wearing hanfu helps us to understand the Chinese culture better.
A. be found B. find C. found
16. Five more clubs _____________ next week to make our school life rich and colorful.
A. set up B. are set up C. will be set up
A
C
17. If you share your happiness with your best friend， your joy_______ .
A. was doubled B. will be doubled C. is doubled
18. —Have you heard of the UN Chinese Language Day？
—Of course. Chinese _________by more and more people around the world nowadays.
A. spoke B. is spoken C. speaks
puters have had a great influence on learning methods since they __________into schools.
A. introduce B. were introduced C. are introduced
B
B
B
20. Chopsticks culture is an important part of Chinese culture. The chopsticks _________more than 3，000 years ago.
A. are invented B. were invented C. invented
21. —Hurry up， everyone！ This project __________in two days.
—That's true. Let's work for it.
A. must be finished B. must be finish C. must finish
B
A
22. Children _________ even if they make mistakes， or they will lose confidence in new challenges.
A. should laugh at B. should be laughed at C. shouldn't be laughed at
23. To improve students' living skills， more measures _______ on labor education next year.
A. took B. were taken C. will be taken
C
C
语篇提能
Passage
外文素材改编自180 Days of READING
Ryan的演讲
article　cheer　clean　clear　encourage　make　show　slow　tell　throw　try　write
It was a very important day for Ryan—he was about to make his first public speech. His classmates 1.___________ to choose a book， read it， and then make a speech about it.
were told
article　cheer　clean　clear　encourage　make　show　slow　tell　throw　try　write
Ryan chose a book he liked. He read it carefully. Then， everything he wanted to say about the book 2.______________down on his note. He practiced 3.___________the speech many times， because he didn't want to fail in front of the whole class.
When it came to the speech day， Mr. Larson called， “Okay， Ryan， come up and give your speech.” Ryan took several deep breaths.
was wirtten
making
article　cheer　clean　clear　encourage　make　show　slow　tell　throw　try　write
Then， he walked 4.__________to the front of the classroom. Mr. Larson sat down in one of the front seats and gave Ryan an 5._______________　　　　 smile as he nodded to begin. Ryan 6.__________his throat， and started his speech.
For a moment， Ryan still felt very nervous. But as Ryan went on his speech， his bad feeling 7.____________ away slowly.
slowly
encouraging
cleared
was thrown
article　cheer　clean　clear　encourage　make　show　slow　tell　throw　try　write
He had practiced well enough so that nothing in his speech was new to him anymore. By the time Ryan finished his speech，he felt very relaxed.
When Ryan stopped speaking， he 8.______________by everyone in the class. Mr. Larson said， “That is a very well prepared speech， Ryan. The excellent one 9._____________________.”
was cheered
has been/was shown
Ryan thought about how much he had practiced to get ready for his speech， and he felt proud. Everything is worth 10._________ if you make full preparations.
article　cheer　clean　clear　encourage　make　show　slow　tell　throw　try　write
trying
语篇研读
What：本文讲述了Ryan起初对于第一次演讲感到非常紧张，之后精心 准备赢得满堂喝彩的故事。
Why：本文一方面引导学生克服紧张和恐惧的情绪，培养情绪调节的能力；另一方面鼓励学生积极面对困难，勇敢挑战自我。
语篇研读
How：
①文体特征：记叙文。
②故事线：Ryan精心准备他的第一次公共演讲→演讲当天Ryan有些紧张→尽管紧张，Ryan仍然完成了演讲→演讲结束后，Ryan收获了大家的 表扬。
③写作手法：本文开头通过设置悬念的方式，引起读者的兴趣。