2024中考英语试题研究 第二部分 专题三 第1讲 代词 (课件)(共37张PPT)

(共37张PPT)
专 题 三
不可忽视的小词
第1讲 代词
（10年31考，近10年连续考查；选择填空、完形填空、完成对话、短文填空）
1
课标知识导图
2
随堂检测
第一节 人称代词、物主代词与反身代词
第二节 普通不定代词
第三节 复合不定代词
第四节 指示代词、连接代词与疑问代词
考情概览
考情概览
考情概览
考情概览
考情概览
成都近10年中考在选择填空、完形填空、完成对话、短文填空中考查人称代词、物主代词与反身代词，具体考查角度如下：
1．代词的用法辨析：
选择填空：①名词性物主代词(10年5考)；
②反身代词(2022A.31)；
第一节 人称代词、物主代词与反身代词
(10年12考；选择填空、短文填空)
考情概览
2．根据语境判断代词的形式：
(1)完成对话：
盲填反身代词(2023B.二8)；
(2)短文填空：
①主格变反身代词(10年4考)；
②主格变形容词性物主代词(2016 B．二7)。
课标知识导图
人称代词
1.主格: We use chopsticks every day.→作主语，用在谓语动词之前
人称代词、物主代词与反身代词(10年12考)：①人称代词 ②物主代词(10年6考)
③反身代词(10年6考)
(1)I want to be a person like her.→作宾语，用在动词、介词后
(2)—Who is knocking at the door —It's me.
→作表语，用在系动词后
2.宾格
物主代词(10年6考)
(1)This isn't my book. Mine is newer.→作主语
(2)My hobby doesn't cost as much as yours.→作宾语
(3)This pen is hers.→作表语
1.名词性(=形容词
性物主代词+名词)
(10年5考 )
2.形容词性(2016B.二7)
(1)I'm getting older. I can look after myself. (10年3考)→作宾语，置于动词、介词后
(2)My sister finished the work herself. (10年3考)→作同位语，置于名词、
代词后或句末
(3)The most important thing I can tell you is just to be yourself.→作表语，置于系动词后
反身代词(10年6考)
Lily left her keys on the playground.
→作定语，置于名词之前
附：人称代词、物主代词与反身代词一览表
　 人称 类别 　 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词
主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性 第一人称 单数 I ①______　　　 ②_______ ③_______ ④_________
复数 we ⑤______ ⑥_______ ⑦_______ ⑧_________
第二人称 单数 you ⑨______　　　 ⑩_______ _______ _________
复数 you ______ _______ _______ _________
me
my
mine
myself
us
our
ours
ourselves
you
your
yours
yourself
you
your
yours
yourselves
　 人称 类别 　 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词
主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性 第三人称 单数 he _______　　　 _______ _______ _________
she _______ _______ _______ _________
it _______　　　 _______ _______ _________
复数 they _______ _______ _______ _________
him
his
his
himself
her
her
hers
herself
it
its
its
itself
them
their
theirs
themselves
考情概览
成都近10年中考在选择填空、完形填空、完成对话、短文填空中考查普通不定代词，具体考查角度如下：
1．代词的用法辨析：
选择填空(2014A.33、45)；
完形填空(2015A.64)。
2．根据语境判断代词的形式：
短文填空(2014B.二3、4)；
完成对话(2018B.二8)。
第二节 普通不定代词
(10年6考；选择填空、完形填空、完成对话、短文填空)
1.both
普通不定代词(10年6考)：①both, all, either, neither与none(2014A.45) ②few, a few, little与a little(2015A.64, 2014B.二3) ③other, others, the other, the others与another (2014B.二4) ④many与much(2018B.二8, 2014A.33) ⑤some与any ⑥each与ever
Both Anna and her brother like listening to soft music.→意为“(两者)都”，指两个人或物。作
主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。常用搭配: both of...和both... and...
both, all, either,neither与none
(2014A.45)
均能与of 短语连用；均能单独作主语
All my friends will go hiking together.→意为“全体，一切”，指三者及以上的人或物。作主语时，谓语动词与所修饰或所指代的词保持一致。
2.all
both, all, either, neither与none(2014A.45)
3.either
4.neither
(2014A.45)
均能与of短语连用;均能单独作主语
The two dresses are both beautiful. You can choose either of them.→意为“两者中任何一个”，修饰可数名词单数。作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Which color do you like, red or blue —Neither. I like green.→意为“两者中任何一个都不”，修饰可数名词单数，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
None of these answers are/is right.→意为“没有一个，全无”，指代人或物，既可指代可数名词复数，也可指代不可数名词。作主语时，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数。
1.few
(2015A.64)
both, all, either, neither与none(2014A.45)
均能与of短语连用;均能单独作主语
Lily is a new student, so she knows few classmates in her class.→表示“几乎没有”，修饰可数名词复数。
few, a few, little与a little(2015A.64, 2014B.二3)
2.a few
5.none
A few college students choose to find a part-time job during holidays to get experience.→表示“有一点儿”，修饰可数名词。
3.little
The subway was so crowded that I could find little space on
it.→表示“几乎没有”，修饰不可数名词。
few, a few, little与a little(2015A.64, 2014B.二3)
4.a little
(2014B.二3)
The soup needs a little salt.→表示“有一点儿”，修饰
不可数名词。
There are no other ways to achieve success except for working hard.→意为“另外的”，常作形容词，修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词。
other, others, the other, the others与another (2014B.二4)
1.other
2.others
(2014B.二4)
Some of the questions are hard, others are easy.→泛指“另一些”，只能单独使用，常用于some...others...结构。
3.the other
I have two tickets for the concert: one is for Mary and the other is for Lucy.→特指“(两部分中的)另一个(些)”，可单独使用，也可修饰名词，常用于one...the other...结构。
To this question, some students choose the first answer, and the others choose the second one.→特指(三者及三者以上的)“其余的一些”，只能单独使用。
other, others, the other, the others与another (2014B.二4)
4.the others
5.another
I want another cup of milk.→泛指“(三个及三个以上物体)另外一个”，可单独使用，也可修饰可数名词单数。
There are many students on the playground.→只修饰可数名词复数。
many与much(2018B.二8, 2014A.33)
1.many
(2018B.二8)
2.much
(2014A.33)
There is not much water in the bottle.→只修饰不可数名词。
There's still some water in the bottle.→一般用于肯定句中，表示“一些，某些，某个”；也可用于疑问句中，表示希望得到对方的肯定
回答或委婉提出建议与要求。
some与any
1.some
2.any
Do you have any plans for the weekend →一般用于疑问句和否定句中，表示“一些，少许”；也可用于肯定句中， 表示“任何”的意思。
既可修饰可数名词，又可修饰不可数名词
Each part of China has its own special forms of traditional art.→意为“每一个”，强调个体，可以与of连用。
each与every
1.each
2.every
Every student in the class needs to complete the task by Friday.→意为“每个，每一的”，强调整体中的每一个，不能与of连用。
考情概览
成都近10年中考在选择填空、完形填空、完成对话中考查复合不定代词，具体考查角度如下：
1．在选择填空和完形填空中考查复合不定代词的用法辨析：选择填空(2018A.33)；
完形填空(10年4考)。
2．在完成对话中考查根据语境判断复合不定代词的形式：完成对话(2017B.二4, 2014B.一4)。
第三节 复合不定代词
(10年7考；选择填空、完形填空、完成对话)
1.-one/-body (指人)(10年5考)
复合不定代词(10年7考)：①常见复合不定代词(10年7考) ②用法 ③常见句型 ④拓展
(1)no one没有人(2022A.53) ;someone 某人(2014B.一4) ;anyone某人/任何人; everyone每个人
(2)everybody每个人( 2021A.46) ; nobody 没有人(2017A.57,2015A.57) ; somebody 某人; anybody 某人/任何人
常见复合
不定代词(10年7考)
2.thing(指物) (2018A.33,2017B.二4)
nothing什么都没有(2018A.33, 2017B.二4) ; something 某事，某物; anything 某事/任何事; everything 每件事/一切
常见复合
不定代词(10年7考)
注意:
①some类和every类复合不定代词主要用于肯定句中，any类复合不定代词主要用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中。
②当some类和no类复合不定代词用于否定句、疑问句和条件句时，往往表示希望对方给予肯定的答复，表示肯定的意义。当any类复合不定代词用于肯定句时表示“任何”之意。
用法
1.I have something happy to tell you.→当形容词或else修饰复合不定代词时,形容词或else必须放在复合不定代词之后。
2.Something is wrong with my bike.→复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语和表语，不能作定语。作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。
常见句型
1.There is something interesting...有趣的事情是……
2....have something/nothing to do with...……与……有/无关
3.sb. can do nothing but...某人什么都不能做，只能……
4.There is nothing to...没有什么要……
拓展
somebody, anybody可指有一点地位或小有名气的人物; nobody指没有地位或默默无闻的人物; something往往指了不起的东西;nothing指无关紧要的东西。
如: The person who thinks himself somebody is usually nobody.
考情概览
成都近10年中考在选择填空、完形填空、完成对话中考查指示代词、连接代词与疑问代词，具体考查角度如下：
1．指示代词、连接代词与疑问代词的用法辨析：
选择填空(2020A.39, 2017A.32)；完形填空(2014A.57)；疑问代词(2014A.63)。
2．根据语境判断指示代词、连接代词与疑问代词的形式：完成对话(2021B.二10, 2016B.一2)。
第四节 指示代词、连接代词与疑问代词
(10年6考；选择填空、完形填空、完成对话)
指示代词(10年3考)：①it(2017A.32) ②one(2020A.39) ③this (复these) (2014A.57)
④ that(复those)
1.I put my notebook in my schoolbag, but it's gone.→特指上下文提到的对象是同一类事物。
2.Look at the baby! Isn' t it lovely →当说话人对所涉及人的身份、姓名不清楚或者看(听)不出来时，常用it代替和当时某一事件、某一动作相关的那个人。
3.—What's the weather like today —It's sunny.→指代时间、季节、天气、距离等。
it(2017A.32)
Which jacket would you like, this one or that one →泛指上下文提及的
同类事物中的一个，同类而不同物。
one
(2020A.39)
1.This is a map of China.→指代离自己较近的人或物。
2.Please remember this: No pains, no gains.→指代下文将要提到的人或物。
this (复these) (2014A.57)
1.Those who can learn from their mistakes will make progress quickly.
→指代离自已较远的人或物。
2.The weather of Kunming is much warmer than that of Beijing now.
→常用于比较结构，代替前面提到的名词，避免重复。
that
(复those)
注意: —Hello! Who is that
—Hello! This is Jane speaking.→在打电话用语中，常用this介绍自己是谁，用that询问对方是谁。
1.whatever无论什么(2021B.二10) ; whoever无论谁(2016B.一2); whichever无论哪一个: whomever无论谁
2.所有疑问代词都可以作为连接代词，用于复合句中连接主句和从句:
(1)所有疑问代词均可引导宾语从句; (2)除what外的疑问代词均可引导定语从句。
连接代词(2021B.二10) ;2016B.一2)
连接代词与疑问代词(10年3考)：①连接代词(2021B.二10) ;2016B.一2) ②疑问代词(2014A.63)
1.Which one do you like →which表示 “哪一个；哪一些”，对指定
范围内“哪个”进行提问
2.Who is your teacher ( 2014A.63)→who表示“谁；什么人”，对人称代词主格进行提问
3.Whom should I invite →whom表示“谁；什么人”，对人称代词宾格进行提问
4.Whose bike is this →whose表示 “谁的”，对物主代词进行提问
5.What did you buy →what表示“什么”，对“物”进行提问
疑问代词(2014A.63)
随堂检测
基础训练
一、选择填空
1. (2023成都A.32)—Gina， have you seen my textbook？
—Oh， sorry. I took 　　　　 by mistake.
A. mine B. yours C. hers
2. (2021成都A.31)—Lily， is this blue pencil box Steve's？
—No， it isn't. 　　　　 is black.
A. Mine B. Hers C. His
B
C
3. (2020成都A.39)Molly， my dictionary is not here. Do you have 　　　？
A. it B. that C. one
4. (2019成都A.33)—Uncle Lee， may I use your bike？
—Sorry， mine is broken. You can ask your aunt for 　　　　.
A. mine B. his C. hers
5. (2018成都A.33)A smile costs 　　　　， but gives much， so always keep smiling！
A. something B. anything C. nothing
C
C
C
6. (2023武侯区二诊)This book tells us how we can protect 　　　　 from the flu to keep healthy.
A. ourselves B. yourselves C. themselves
7. (2023金牛区二诊)Linda and Judy usually play chess together to enjoy
　　　　 when they are free.
A. ourselves B. yourselves C. themselves
8. —Is that pink scarf yours， Cindy？
—No， our English teacher Miss Gao has one. Maybe it's 　　　　.
A. theirs B. yours C. hers
A
C
C
9. In Chinese table manners， people won't start to eat until the elders take 　　　　 seats.
A. their B. your C. our
10. The problem 　　　　 is not terrible. What's bad is that we lose ourselves in front of the fear.
A. it B. itself C. themselves
11. My sister studied harder than anyone else， so I was not surprised that 　　　　 got the best grades.
A. she B. her C. him
A
B
A
12. —Which dress do you like， the white one or the pink one？
—　　　　 of them are so nice that I can't decide which one to buy.
A. Both B. Either C. Neither
13. The students are ready， and 　　　　 of them hopes to have a wonderful holiday.
A. every B. many C. each
14. —Did you see John？The English teacher is looking for him　　　　.
—Oh， I just met him in the library.
A. everywhere B. somewhere C. anywhere
A
C
A
15. It is snowy. 　　　　 is covered with deep white snow， and the lakes and rivers are frozen.
A. Something B. Everything C. Anything
16. —Helen， did you do　　　　 special last weekend？
—Yes. I visited the temple of Wuhou Shrine(武侯祠).
A. anything B. nothing C. everything
17. We all know that the length of a day in summer is longer than 　　　.　 in winter.
A. this B. these C. that
B
A
C
18. You need to stick to your dream and pay no attention to 　　　　 who laugh at you.
A. this B. those C. these
19. —Elsa has a gift in painting， and 　　　　 she paints looks excellent.
—Yes. She often practices painting in her spare time.
A. whatever B. whenever C. however
B
A
二、完成对话小题夯基
1. —Jim， how do you go to school every day， by subway or by bus？
— 　　　　. I usually walk to school.
2. —Amy， we should do 　　　　　 to make our city clean and beautiful.
—I agree with you. We can plant some trees this weekend.
3. —May I use your pen？I left my pencil box at home.
—Sure. 　　　　 is on the desk there. Take it yourself.
4. —How much do you know about Qu Yuan？
—I know only a little，not too 　　　　.
Neither
something
Mine
much
Passage
外文素材改编自Highlights for Children
小小发明家
Prince Nallamothula is an 11 year old inventor. Since childhood, 1.　　.　　 favorite thing is to invent things. One day， Prince's mom said that she was too busy to take care of the flowers in the garden.Prince started to think about ways to help 2.　　　　.
微语篇提能
he　I　it　she　you
his
her
Then he invented a robot after three months. His robot is named Gr Robot. The robot can move around by 3.　　　　. It has a camera for video. You can control it through 4.　　　　 telephones. It can also decide whether to turn on the sprinkler(喷洒器) according to the condition.
Besides the robot， Prince also invented apps and games that provide convenience for people's life.“I'm happy to see people's life getting better because of 5.　　　　 inventions，” Prince said.
he　I　it　she　you
itself
your
my