柳州铁一中学2023-2024 学年第一学期高一年级段考
英语科试卷
第一部分 听力 (共两节, 满分30分)
商节 (共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项一选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How many people are there in Bob’s family
A. Three. B. Four C. Five.
2. What’s the man
A. A teacher. B. A salesman. C. A musician. .
3. What are the speakers going to do
A. Return a file together B. Take an exam separately. C. Go to the library together.
4. Which is the best season to visit the Fragrant Hills
A. Summer. B. Fall. C. Winter.
5. Where are the speakers talking now
A. At the airport. B. On the phone. C. In the plane.
第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5 分, 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5 秒钟; 听完后, 各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7小题。
6. What do we know about the man
A. He has worked the whole morning.
B. He has made noodles for his mother.
C. He has planted flowers in the garden.
7. What does the man want to eat
A. Beef. B. Noodles. C. Tomatoes.
听第7 段材料, 回答第8、9 小题。
8. What’s the relationship between the speakers
A. Father and daughter. B. Brother and sister C. Mother and son.
9. Who is in the yard
A. The man. B. The woman. C. The man’s father.
听第8 段材料, 回答第10 至12小题。
10. What is the woman doing
A. Talking with the man about her job. B. Looking for a suitable job. C. Interviewing the man.
11. What was the man’s previous job
A. A doctor. B. A sales manager. C. A market researcher.
12. What will the man do next week
A. Work as a manager. B. Go to China for business. C. Start his job in the new company.
听第9段材料, 回答第13至16小题。
13. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a hotel. B. In a school. C. In a restaurant.
14. When is the man going to check out
A. Before having lunch. B. At about half past eleven. C. At about a quarter to twelve.
15. What is the man busy doing now
A. Packing his luggage. B. Eating something in his room. C. Receiving the woman customer.
16. What does the man feel about his stay
A. Disappointed. B. Satisfied. C. Bored.
听第10段材料, 回答第17至20小题。
17. How long does it take to recover from sunburn
A. About half a month. B. Within seven days. C. At least ten days.
18. How can you treat your slight sunburn
A. By having a warm bath,
B. By drinking some boiled water.
C. By taking some food with Vitamin E.
19. When might you get sunburn more easily
A. At 4 p.m., July. B. At 10 a.m., June. C. At 3 p.m., August.
20. What might sunburn lead to
A. Developing skin cancer. B. Getting young quickly. C. Whitening the skin.
第二部分 阅读 (共两节, 满分50分, 第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Senior high can be a very hard time for students. These tips can help keep high school stress at a minimum before it becomes too hard to handle
Get organized. By becoming more organized, you can reduce your stress level. Make a daily schedule of all your activities. Another way to become more organized is by getting your supplies and desk in order. Arrange your notes and assignments by topic or date so you can easily find information.
Don’t put off. Delaying doing your schoolwork will only make you more stressed. If you get an assignment that is due in a month, and you don’t have any other assignment to finish, go ahead and begin working on it.
Exercise. Performing some sort of physical activity for thirty minutes three times a week will largely lower your stress level. Taking the time to exercise will help get your mind off the stress in your life.
Get plenty of sleep and eat healthily. You need between seven to eight hours of sleep per night in order to rest your mind and body so they can perform well during the day. Eating well-balanced meals will provide you with enough energy to finish your daily activities.
Take a positive attitude. If you are always negative, then stress will control you. By looking at things in a positive light, you will not only reduce your stress, but you will also feel better about yourself.
Realize that it’s okay to say “no”. If you already have a full schedule, don’t attempt to add anything else to it. If your friends want you to go out at the last minute but doing so would conflict with your schedule, don’t feel bad about turning them down. They will understand. They have been stressed before too.
1. According to the tips, your life will be ________ if you study without a proper schedule.
A. organized B. in disorder C. free D. busy
2. Which is NOT TRUE according to the tips
A. The more you sleep, the less stressed you will feel.
B A balanced diet will make you energetic.
C. Regular exercise will help you feel relaxed.
D. Everything in a mess will increase one’s stress.
3. If your good friend invites you to do something while you are busy, what should you do so as not to increase stress
A. Accept the invitation. B. Say “no”.
C. Keep silent. D. Shout out.
B
While I was growing up, I often heard my teachers say, “Oh, Bob is gifted in math.” While watching the Olympics, my parents would say, “These gymnasts are born with such ability.” Statements like these made me believe people were born with certain talents (天赋) and if they didn’t have a particular one at birth, then they never would. Therefore, I hardly applied myself to math. Nobody told me that if you keep trying and trying, one day a difficult task will seem easy.
Actually, I learned this from my young daughter, Samaya. One day, I was finishing some paperwork and I said, “Oh no, how could I have made that mistake!” Samaya immediately said, “Mum, don’t worry. Mistakes make your brain grow bigger.”
In fact, we all need to be reminded that mistakes or failures are just fine and that they are a huge part of growth and success. However, the common and popular belief is the opposite. We must correct this with our children. We must encourage them to make mistakes because that means they are trying out new ideas.
Billionaire Sara Blakely, founder of the shapewear business Spanx, has seen many failures. She made a living by selling fax machines for seven years. Knocking on many doors and making a lot of mistakes was a journey she considers educational. Sara Blakely owes her risk-taking skills to the weekend talk she had with her father.
As a child, her father would ask her the same question every weekend. “What did you fail in this week, Sara ” He did not care how high her scores were. He wanted to know what she had tried but failed in. When she told him about her failures and mistakes, he would give her a high five. In this way, he programmed her mindset (思维) to believe that mistakes and failures are fine.
So go ahead and ask yourself and your children, “What did we fail in this week ”
4. Why didn’t the author make efforts to learn math
A She wasn’t allowed to learn it. B. She thought she was not talented.
C. She wasn’t interested in it. D. She thought it was useless.
5. What is most people’s attitude towards mistakes and failures
A. Keep trying is necessary. B. Failure is a path to success.
C. Mistakes are not acceptable. D. Encouragement is important.
6. What does the underlined word “programmed” in paragragh 5 mean
A. Trained and built. B. Planned and arranged.
C. Operated and challenged. D. Instructed and controlled.
7. What would be the best title for the text
A. A key to Success B. The Power of a Good Mindset
C. A Method of Education D. The Magic of Mistakes
C
In Wiltshire, England, volunteers are being searched for to visit a nature protection area to count the butterflies living there and in nearby fields. The project is started by an environmental protection organization, which has been devoted to improving the living environment for wild animals. Recently, the organization has called on volunteers to help it observe environmental changes based on the record of butterflies and protect the environment.
In the area, the local people have planted many special flowers with the help of the organization. They want to see whether these flowers will interest the rare, and beautiful butterflies. The project officer Sarah Marshall says, “It will be a suitable living place for butterflies. They are great ‘indicator species’ (指向性物种) as they are easily affected by climate changes. So they make a brilliant early-warning system for the environment.”
She also points out that volunteers are needed to record the number or species of butterflies, and based on the change happening to the butterflies, the hidden environmental problems in the area can be found out in time.
The organization is searching for volunteers to help monitor (监测) butterflies from April through to September. They will walk the same route and record the different butterflies they meet along the way. Each visit should take no more than two hours, and each volunteer is expected to visit once a month count the wildlife. “Staff will provide backup (后备人员), so if the weather is poor on the day you are visit (butterflies don’t like to fly in the rain, wind or if it’s too cloudy), we can have someone else do your job,” Sarah points out.
No previous experience is necessary as training and support will be provided, but a strong interest is important. If you are interested, please contact Sarah on (01380) 725670, ext 278, or email sarahm@wiltshirewildlife.org.
8. Why are special flowers planted in the nature protection area
A. To attract visitors. B. To attract butterflies.
C. To improve the environment. D. To help the local people make money.
9. According to Sarah Marshall, butterflies are ________
A. reducing in number in Wiltshire B. curious about their habitats
C. unable to keep up with climate changes D. sensitive to environmental changes
10. According to the text, a volunteer ________.
A. will take a different route each time B. must know a lot about butterflies
C. will visit the area 6 times in total D. must have previous experience
11. What is the purpose of the text
A. To persuade people to visit Wiltshire. B. To advertise for volunteers with a project.
C. To encourage people to protect butterflies. D. To show a way to explore climate change.
D
Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.
In the early 16t century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion showed that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman (贵族) had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease the nobleman should not go out.
Though the belief in the benefits of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War II. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea: clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far
Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist (免疫学家), encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter position is gaining some ground.
12. The kings of France and England in the 16th century closed bath houses because ________.
A. they lived healthily in a dirty environment
B. they thought bath houses were too dirty to stay in
C. they believed disease could be spread in public baths
D. they considered bathing as the cause of skin diseases
13. Which of the following best describes Henry IV’s attitude to bathing
A. Afraid. B. Content. C. Supportive. D. Uninterested.
14. How does the passage mainly develop
A. By providing examples. B. By making comparisons.
C. By following the order of time. D. By following the order of importance.
15. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage
A. To stress the role of dirt. B. To introduce the history of dirt.
C. To call attention to the danger of dirt. D. To show the change of views on dirt.
阅读 (共5小题; 每小题2.5 分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余项。
Slow travel is about connecting deeply with your travels. Rather than rushing from one place to another slow travelers treat each experience as an opportunity to learn and feel more deeply to the people, culture, and food they want to explore. ___16___
Relax and enjoy
Once, a vacation provided relaxation from the stress of everyday life. But over time, we began trying to put everything we want into a checklist. ___17___ Slow travel exchanges checklists for the chance to really enjoy a place. It’s amazing how much more involved you can be when you’re not in a rush. It’s easier to relax and look forward to whatever the day brings.
Have more memorable experiences
If you’re used to jumping from one attraction after another, the idea of slow travel may feel like you’ll miss the latest Top 10. In fact, you free yourself from scratching the surface of everything without enjoying anything. ___18___ Go to one museum and study the art and architecture, get the backstory rather than running through three museums and taking some photos quickly. Appreciate the destination.
Meet people and actually get to know them
When you decide to take the slow travel route, you free yourself up to meet and spend time with others. You can meet locals at a park or restaurant and enjoy a conversation. Learn about the people on your food tour. You may even decide that you like someone enough to meet him/her later for lunch or a coffee. ___19___ because you are not rushing to the next big thing.
___20___
Traveling by plane, train, and bus has a bad effect on the environment. We can transport ourselves to one location and spend more time exploring it on foot, by bike or on horseback. That’s less harmful to the planet than rushing to the next thing on the list with whatever vehical that will get us there in a hurry.
A. Be more eco-friendly.
B. Experience different means of transportation.
C. This created more stress than we were escaping.
D. Making a checklist makes your journey more organized.
E. Slow travel allows you the time to feel a destination.
F. Here are some reasons we think you need to try slow travel.
G. Your communication tends to be more relaxed and more real.
第一节 (共15 小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Gloria Scott is a (n) ___21___ lady living in Massachusetts. For her, home repair is often the first thing to ___22___ as her income is low. However, when her overhead light went out, she decided living in the dark wouldn’t do. Then she called electrician (电工) John Kinney in to make ___23___. Little did the 72-year-old know that she wasn’t just getting an electrician, but also a knight (骑士) saving her from a very ___24___ situation.
When John went over to ___25___, he was struck by the state of Gloria’s house. Sure enough, the overhead light was not working. But that was only one of the many ___26___. Half of the lights were out, the house had no running water, some of the windows were broken ... Gloria explained she couldn’t ___27___ the repairs.
John repaired the overhead light as ___28___. After leaving Gloria’s house, John couldn’t get her ___29___ out of his head. “I’ve got to go back there,” he thought. So the following Monday, he returned and started working free of charge. But John didn’t ___30___ there. To make all the necessary repairs, he started a page online titled “Nice old lady needs help”, calling on people to join him. And ___31___, men, including quite a few excellent ___32___, soon showed up at Gloria’s house. They worked together to fix up the house. Everything from the windows to the pipe was repaired. They even painted the house to get it to its original (最初的) ___33___.
For Gloria, it wasn’t just her house that was changed, but also her ___34___. She had lived by herself. Now she no longer feels lonely, as she’s made friends with so many warm-hearted ___35___.
21. A. old B. lazy C. slim D. sick
22. A. give up B. think of C. take control of D. make up
23. A. corrections B. arrangements C. repairs D. changes
24. A. unusual B. difficult C. confusing D. suitable
25. A. rest B. explore C. reply D. check
26. A. events B. concerns C. ruins D. problems
27. A. quit B. demand C. afford D. complete
28. A. expected B. reported C. believed D. mentioned
29. A. kindness B. situation C. impression D. requirement
30 A. wait B. show C. stop D. start
31. A. generally B. amazingly C. easily D. obviously
32 A. experts- B. children C. designers D. friends
33. A. peace B. beauty C. place D. price
34. A. idea B. goal C. life D. belief
35. A. visitors B. neighbors C. members D. volunteers
第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词节内单词的正确形式。
One day a young man was walking along the road ___36___ he heard a cry. It seemed to be coming from underneath a bridge. As he got closer, the cry got louder and then he saw ___37___ surprising sight. There, ___38___ (lie) in the muddy riverbed, was a little dog about two months old. whose front legs were tightly ted with ropes. It had wounds on its head and was covered with mud.
The young man wanted to help the dog, ___39___ as he walked closer, the dog started to bark. The young man did not give up. He sat down and started ___40___ (gentle) talking to the dog. It took a long time but finally the dog ___41___ (stop) barking and the man was able to touch it. The young man carried the dog home, focused ___42___ its wounds, and gave it food and water. Even with all of these, the dog was still ___43___ (friendly) every time the young man approached. But the young man did not give up. Several ___44___ (week) went by and the man continued attending to the dog. Then one day, as the young man approached, the dog wagged its tail.
It was true love and kindness ___45___ won a lifelong friendship of trust and loyalty.
第三节 根据中文以及所给核心词汇翻译句子 (满分15分)
46. 上周很多同学报名参加了辩论社团，包括我。(sign up) (汉译英)
47. 伴随着外面的吵闹声，我当时无法专注于那个实验。(concentrate) (汉译英)
48. 兴奋又好奇，Tom和Adam正期待着和他们的新朋友会面。(look forward to) (汉译英)
49. 我写这封信是向您申请昨天发布在学校网站的那个职位。(apply) (汉译英)
50. 举办亚运会（Asian Games）不仅责任重大，也是一种极大的荣耀。(responsible; honor) (汉译英)
第四部分 写作 (满分25分)
51. 假定你是李华，上月开启了自己的高中生活，请你给你的美国笔友Bob写一封信，内容包括：
1. 介绍自己的学习和生活；
2. 分享自己的感受；
3. 邀请Bob来中国交换学习。
注意：1.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯；
2.字数120左右。
Dear Bob,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力答案：1-5 ABCBA 6-10 ABCAC 11-15 BCACA 16-20 BBCCA柳州铁一中学2023-2024 学年第一学期高一年级段考
英语科试卷
第一部分 听力 (共两节, 满分30分)
商节 (共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项一选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How many people are there in Bob’s family
A. Three. B. Four C. Five.
2. What’s the man
A. A teacher. B. A salesman. C. A musician. .
3. What are the speakers going to do
A. Return a file together B. Take an exam separately. C. Go to the library together.
4. Which is the best season to visit the Fragrant Hills
A. Summer. B. Fall. C. Winter.
5. Where are the speakers talking now
A. At the airport. B. On the phone. C. In the plane.
第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5 分, 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5 秒钟; 听完后, 各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7小题。
6. What do we know about the man
A. He has worked the whole morning.
B. He has made noodles for his mother.
C. He has planted flowers in the garden.
7. What does the man want to eat
A. Beef. B. Noodles. C. Tomatoes.
听第7 段材料, 回答第8、9 小题。
8. What’s the relationship between the speakers
A Father and daughter. B. Brother and sister C. Mother and son.
9. Who is in the yard
A. The man. B. The woman. C. The man’s father.
听第8 段材料, 回答第10 至12小题。
10. What is the woman doing
A. Talking with the man about her job. B. Looking for a suitable job. C. Interviewing the man.
11. What was the man’s previous job
A. A doctor. B. A sales manager. C. A market researcher.
12. What will the man do next week
A. Work as a manager. B. Go to China for business. C. Start his job in the new company.
听第9段材料, 回答第13至16小题。
13. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a hotel. B. In a school. C. In a restaurant.
14. When is the man going to check out
A. Before having lunch. B. At about half past eleven. C. At about a quarter to twelve.
15. What is the man busy doing now
A. Packing his luggage. B. Eating something in his room. C. Receiving the woman customer.
16. What does the man feel about his stay
A. Disappointed. B. Satisfied. C. Bored.
听第10段材料, 回答第17至20小题。
17. How long does it take to recover from sunburn
A. About half a month. B. Within seven days. C. At least ten days.
18. How can you treat your slight sunburn
A. By having a warm bath,
B. By drinking some boiled water.
C. By taking some food with Vitamin E.
19. When might you get sunburn more easily
A. At 4 p.m., July. B. At 10 a.m., June. C. At 3 p.m., August.
20. What might sunburn lead to
A. Developing skin cancer. B. Getting young quickly. C. Whitening the skin.
第二部分 阅读 (共两节, 满分50分, 第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Senior high can be a very hard time for students. These tips can help keep high school stress at a minimum before it becomes too hard to handle
Get organized. By becoming more organized, you can reduce your stress level. Make a daily schedule of all your activities. Another way to become more organized is by getting your supplies and desk in order. Arrange your notes and assignments by topic or date so you can easily find information.
Don’t put off. Delaying doing your schoolwork will only make you more stressed. If you get an assignment that is due in a month, and you don’t have any other assignment to finish, go ahead and begin working on it.
Exercise. Performing some sort of physical activity for thirty minutes three times a week will largely lower your stress level. Taking the time to exercise will help get your mind off the stress in your life.
Get plenty of sleep and eat healthily. You need between seven to eight hours of sleep per night in order to rest your mind and body so they can perform well during the day. Eating well-balanced meals will provide you with enough energy to finish your daily activities.
Take a positive attitude. If you are always negative, then stress will control you. By looking at things in a positive light, you will not only reduce your stress, but you will also feel better about yourself.
Realize that it’s okay to say “no”. If you already have a full schedule, don’t attempt to add anything else to it. If your friends want you to go out at the last minute but doing so would conflict with your schedule, don’t feel bad about turning them down. They will understand. They have been stressed before too.
1. According to the tips, your life will be ________ if you study without a proper schedule.
A. organized B. in disorder C. free D. busy
2. Which is NOT TRUE according to the tips
A. The more you sleep, the less stressed you will feel.
B. A balanced diet will make you energetic.
C. Regular exercise will help you feel relaxed.
D. Everything in a mess will increase one’s stress.
3. If your good friend invites you to do something while you are busy, what should you do so as not to increase stress
A. Accept the invitation. B. Say “no”.
C. Keep silent. D. Shout out.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些可以帮助人们在高中压力变得难以应对之前将其降到最低的建议。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第二段中“By becoming more organized, you can reduce your stress level. Make a daily schedule of all your activities. Another way to become more organized is by getting your supplies and desk in order. Arrange your notes and assignments by topic or date so you can easily find information. (通过变得更有条理，你可以减少你的压力水平。为你的所有活动制定一个每日计划。另一种变得更有条理的方法是让你的用品和桌子井然有序。按主题或日期安排笔记和作业，这样你就可以很容易地找到信息。)”可知，如果你没有适当的时间表学习，你的生活将是混乱的。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第五段中“You need between seven to eight hours of sleep per night in order to rest your mind and body so they can perform well during the day. (你每晚需要七到八个小时的睡眠来休息你的大脑和身体，这样它们才能在白天表现良好。)”可知，并不是睡得越多，压力就会越小。故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Realize that it’s okay to say “no”. If you already have a full schedule, don’t attempt to add anything else to it. If your friends want you to go out at the last minute but doing so would conflict with your schedule, don’t feel bad about turning them down. They will understand. They have been stressed before too. (意识到说“不”是可以的。如果你的日程表已经排满了，那就不要试图在日程表上再添加任何东西。如果你的朋友想让你在最后一刻邀请你出去，但这样做会与你的日程冲突，不要因为拒绝他们而感到难过。他们会理解的。他们以前也有过压力。)”可知，如果你的好朋友邀请你在你忙的时候做一些事情，你应该大胆拒绝才能不增加压力。故选B。
B
While I was growing up, I often heard my teachers say, “Oh, Bob is gifted in math.” While watching the Olympics, my parents would say, “These gymnasts are born with such ability.” Statements like these made me believe people were born with certain talents (天赋) and if they didn’t have a particular one at birth, then they never would. Therefore, I hardly applied myself to math. Nobody told me that if you keep trying and trying, one day a difficult task will seem easy.
Actually, I learned this from my young daughter, Samaya. One day, I was finishing some paperwork and I said, “Oh no, how could I have made that mistake!” Samaya immediately said, “Mum, don’t worry. Mistakes make your brain grow bigger.”
In fact, we all need to be reminded that mistakes or failures are just fine and that they are a huge part of growth and success. However, the common and popular belief is the opposite. We must correct this with our children. We must encourage them to make mistakes because that means they are trying out new ideas.
Billionaire Sara Blakely, founder of the shapewear business Spanx, has seen many failures. She made a living by selling fax machines for seven years. Knocking on many doors and making a lot of mistakes was a journey she considers educational. Sara Blakely owes her risk-taking skills to the weekend talk she had with her father.
As a child, her father would ask her the same question every weekend. “What did you fail in this week, Sara ” He did not care how high her scores were. He wanted to know what she had tried but failed in. When she told him about her failures and mistakes, he would give her a high five. In this way, he programmed her mindset (思维) to believe that mistakes and failures are fine.
So go ahead and ask yourself and your children, “What did we fail in this week ”
4. Why didn’t the author make efforts to learn math
A. She wasn’t allowed to learn it. B. She thought she was not talented.
C. She wasn’t interested in it. D. She thought it was useless.
5. What is most people’s attitude towards mistakes and failures
A. Keep trying is necessary. B. Failure is a path to success.
C. Mistakes are not acceptable. D. Encouragement is important.
6. What does the underlined word “programmed” in paragragh 5 mean
A. Trained and built. B. Planned and arranged.
C. Operated and challenged. D. Instructed and controlled.
7. What would be the best title for the text
A. A key to Success B. The Power of a Good Mindset
C. A Method of Education D. The Magic of Mistakes
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章作者主要借自身经历和Sara Blakely的故事，讲述了失败和犯错误的重要性。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Statements like these made me believe people were born with certain talents (天赋) and if they didn’t have a particular one at birth, then they never would.(这样的言论让我相信人天生就有某些天赋，如果他们出生时没有特定的天赋，那么他们永远不会获得这份天赋了)”可知，作者不努力学数学，是因为她认为在数学方面没有天赋。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“In fact, we all need to be reminded that mistakes or failures are just fine and that they are a huge part of growth and success. However, the common and popular belief is the opposite.(事实上，我们都需要被提醒，错误或失败是好的，它们是成长和成功的重要组成部分。然而，普遍的看法恰恰相反)”可知，大多数人们认为失败是不可接受的。故选C项。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“As a child, her father would ask her the same question every weekend. “What did you fail in this week, Sara ” He did not care how high her scores were. He wanted to know what she had tried but failed in.(小时候，她的父亲每个周末都会问她同样的问题。“萨拉，这周你什么不及格？”他不在乎她的分数有多高。他想知道她尝试了什么，但没有成功)”可知，萨拉的父亲让她去犯错误，去尝试失败，是在培养她的思维方式。由此可知，划线词programmed与Trained and built(训练和发展)意思一致。故选A项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Mistakes make your brain grow bigger.(错误会让你的头脑变得更加强大)”，第三段“We must encourage them to make mistakes because that means they are trying out new ideas.(我们必须鼓励他们犯错，因为这意味着他们正在尝试新的想法)”以及第五段“In this way, he programmed her mindset to believe that mistakes and failures are fine.(通过这种方式，他培养她的思维，让她相信错误和失败是好的)”可知，作者讲述了失败和犯错误的重要性。由此可知，The Magic of Mistakes(错误的魔力)适合作本文最佳标题。故选D项。
C
In Wiltshire, England, volunteers are being searched for to visit a nature protection area to count the butterflies living there and in nearby fields. The project is started by an environmental protection organization, which has been devoted to improving the living environment for wild animals. Recently, the organization has called on volunteers to help it observe environmental changes based on the record of butterflies and protect the environment.
In the area, the local people have planted many special flowers with the help of the organization. They want to see whether these flowers will interest the rare, and beautiful butterflies. The project officer Sarah Marshall says, “It will be a suitable living place for butterflies. They are great ‘indicator species’ (指向性物种) as they are easily affected by climate changes. So they make a brilliant early-warning system for the environment.”
She also points out that volunteers are needed to record the number or species of butterflies, and based on the change happening to the butterflies, the hidden environmental problems in the area can be found out in time.
The organization is searching for volunteers to help monitor (监测) butterflies from April through to September. They will walk the same route and record the different butterflies they meet along the way. Each visit should take no more than two hours, and each volunteer is expected to visit once a month count the wildlife. “Staff will provide backup (后备人员), so if the weather is poor on the day you are visit (butterflies don’t like to fly in the rain, wind or if it’s too cloudy), we can have someone else do your job,” Sarah points out.
No previous experience is necessary as training and support will be provided, but a strong interest is important. If you are interested, please contact Sarah on (01380) 725670, ext 278, or email sarahm@wiltshirewildlife.org.
8. Why are special flowers planted in the nature protection area
A. To attract visitors. B. To attract butterflies.
C. To improve the environment. D. To help the local people make money.
9. According to Sarah Marshall, butterflies are ________
A reducing in number in Wiltshire B. curious about their habitats
C. unable to keep up with climate changes D. sensitive to environmental changes
10. According to the text, a volunteer ________.
A. will take a different route each time B. must know a lot about butterflies
C. will visit the area 6 times in total D. must have previous experience
11. What is the purpose of the text
A. To persuade people to visit Wiltshire. B. To advertise for volunteers with a project.
C. To encourage people to protect butterflies. D. To show a way to explore climate change.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个招募志愿者的项目，该项目需要志愿者去一个自然保护区，记录生活在那里和附近田野里的蝴蝶的数量或种类，从而发现隐藏的环境问题。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“In the area, the local people have planted many special flowers with the help of the organization. They want to see whether these flowers will interest the rare, and beautiful butterflies. (在该地区，当地人在该组织的帮助下种植了许多特殊的花卉。他们想看看这些花是否会引起稀有而美丽的蝴蝶的兴趣)”可知，在自然保护区种植特殊的花卉是为了吸引蝴蝶。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中Sarah Marshall所说的话“It will be a suitable living place for butterflies. They are great ‘indicator species’ (指向性物种) as they are easily affected by climate changes. (这将是蝴蝶适宜的栖息地。它们是很好的“指向性物种”，因为它们很容易受到气候变化的影响)”可知，Sarah Marshall认为蝴蝶对环境变化很敏感。故选D项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“The organization is searching for volunteers to help monitor (监测) butterflies from April through to September. (该组织正在寻找志愿者，从4月到9月帮助监测蝴蝶)”和“Each visit should take no more than two hours, and each volunteer is expected to visit once a month count the wildlife. (每次巡视不应超过两个小时，每位志愿者每月巡视一次，数出野生动物的数量)”可知，志愿者在4月到9月期间每月进行一次巡视，共需巡查该地区6次。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“No previous experience is necessary as training and support will be provided, but a strong interest is important. If you are interested, please contact Sarah on (01380) 725670, ext 278, or email sarahm@wiltshirewildlife.org. (我们将提供培训和支持，不需要有工作经验，但有强烈的兴趣是很重要的。如果您有兴趣，请联系Sarah，电话是（01380）725670，分机号278，或电子邮件地址为sarahm@wiltshirewildlife.org)”可知，此处描述了对志愿者条件的要求，并提供了联系的方式。由此推知，文章的目的是为了给该项目做广告招募志愿者。故选B项。
D
Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.
In the early 16t century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion showed that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman (贵族) had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease the nobleman should not go out.
Though the belief in the benefits of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War II. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea: clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far
Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist (免疫学家), encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter position is gaining some ground.
12. The kings of France and England in the 16th century closed bath houses because ________.
A. they lived healthily in a dirty environment
B. they thought bath houses were too dirty to stay in
C. they believed disease could be spread in public baths
D. they considered bathing as the cause of skin diseases
13. Which of the following best describes Henry IV’s attitude to bathing
A. Afraid. B. Content. C. Supportive. D. Uninterested.
14. How does the passage mainly develop
A. By providing examples. B. By making comparisons.
C. By following the order of time. D. By following the order of importance.
15. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage
A. To stress the role of dirt. B. To introduce the history of dirt.
C. To call attention to the danger of dirt. D. To show the change of views on dirt.
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了不同时期人们对于污垢的不同看法。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“In the early 16t century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion showed that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. (在16世纪早期，人们认为皮肤上的污垢是阻挡疾病的一种手段，因为医学观点表明，用热水洗去污垢会打开皮肤，让疾病进入。人们认为公共浴室存在特别的危险。到1538年，法国国王关闭了他王国内的浴室。1546年的英格兰国王也是如此)”可知，16世纪时这两位国王关闭浴室是因为他们认为疾病可以在公共浴室传播。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman (贵族) had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease the nobleman should not go out. (法国国王亨利四世是出了名的脏。当得知一名贵族洗了澡，国王下令，为了避免疾病的袭击，这名贵族不得外出)”可知，法国国王亨利四世自己一直不洗澡，且在得知一名贵族洗了澡后禁止他外出。由此推知，他非常害怕洗澡会带来的疾病。故选A项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“In the early 16t century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease (在16世纪早期，人们认为皮肤上的污垢是阻挡疾病的一种手段)”、第三段中“Though the belief in the benefits of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. (尽管人们长久以来都相信污垢能带来好处，但自18世纪以来，污垢就不再被视为好邻居)”和最后一段中“Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. (如今，人们对污垢的态度仍有很大不同)”可知，文章按照从古到今的时间顺序，介绍了三个时期人们对于污垢的看法。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt. (在大多数人看来，清除污垢是一件好事。然而，对污垢的态度并不是一成不变的)”可知，文章表明人们对污垢的态度实际上是在变化的，为读者介绍了三个时期人们对于污垢的不同看法。因此，作者写文章的目的在于展示对污垢看法的变化。故选D项。
阅读 (共5小题; 每小题2.5 分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余项。
Slow travel is about connecting deeply with your travels. Rather than rushing from one place to another, slow travelers treat each experience as an opportunity to learn and feel more deeply to the people, culture, and food they want to explore. ___16___
Relax and enjoy
Once, a vacation provided relaxation from the stress of everyday life. But over time, we began trying to put everything we want into a checklist. ___17___ Slow travel exchanges checklists for the chance to really enjoy a place. It’s amazing how much more involved you can be when you’re not in a rush. It’s easier to relax and look forward to whatever the day brings.
Have more memorable experiences
If you’re used to jumping from one attraction after another, the idea of slow travel may feel like you’ll miss the latest Top 10. In fact, you free yourself from scratching the surface of everything without enjoying anything. ___18___ Go to one museum and study the art and architecture, get the backstory rather than running through three museums and taking some photos quickly. Appreciate the destination.
Meet people and actually get to know them
When you decide to take the slow travel route, you free yourself up to meet and spend time with others. You can meet locals at a park or restaurant and enjoy a conversation. Learn about the people on your food tour. You may even decide that you like someone enough to meet him/her later for lunch or a coffee. ___19___ because you are not rushing to the next big thing.
___20___
Traveling by plane, train, and bus has a bad effect on the environment. We can transport ourselves to one location and spend more time exploring it on foot, by bike or on horseback. That’s less harmful to the planet than rushing to the next thing on the list with whatever vehical that will get us there in a hurry.
A. Be more eco-friendly.
B. Experience different means of transportation.
C. This created more stress than we were escaping.
D. Making a checklist makes your journey more organized.
E. Slow travel allows you the time to feel a destination.
F Here are some reasons we think you need to try slow travel.
G Your communication tends to be more relaxed and more real.
【答案】16. F 17. C 18. E 19. G 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了需要尝试慢旅行的一些原因。
【16题详解】
根据前文“Slow travel is about connecting deeply with your travels. Rather than rushing from one place to another, slow travelers treat each experience as an opportunity to learn and feel more deeply to the people, culture, and food they want to explore.(慢速旅行就是与你的旅行紧密相连。慢速旅行者不会匆忙地从一个地方跑到另一个地方，而是把每一次经历都当作一个学习的机会，更深入地感受他们想要探索的人、文化和食物)”可知，本文主题是讲述慢速旅行，所以F项“Here are some reasons we think you need to try slow travel(以下是我们认为你需要尝试慢旅行的一些原因)”能承接上文，并总领下文。故选F项。
【17题详解】
根据前文“Once, a vacation provided relaxation from the stress of everyday life. But over time, we began trying to put everything we want into a checklist.(曾经，假期能让人从日常生活的压力中得到放松。但随着时间的推移，我们开始尝试把我们想要的东西都列在清单上)”可知，此处是在讲述曾经假期能让人从日常生活的压力中得到放松，但是现在开始尝试把我们想要的东西都列在清单上，可知C项“This created more stress than we were escaping.(这比我们逃避的压力更大)”是对前句的结果描述，说明了上文的不良影响。符合文意，其中stress为通次复现。故选C项。
【18题详解】
根据前文“In fact, you free yourself from scratching the surface of everything without enjoying anything.(事实上，你把自己从肤浅的事物中解放出来，而不享受任何东西)”以及后文“Go to one museum and study the art and architecture, get the backstory rather than running through three museums and taking some photos quickly. Appreciate the destination.(去一个博物馆学习艺术和建筑，了解背景故事，而不是跑三个博物馆匆匆拍一些照片。欣赏目的地)”可知，E项“Slow travel allows you the time to feel a destination.(慢速旅行让你有时间去感受目的地)”承接上文，并引出下文，其中destination为多次复现。故选E项。
【19题详解】
根据前文“When you decide to take the slow travel route, you free yourself up to meet and spend time with others. You can meet locals at a park or restaurant and enjoy a conversation. Learn about the people on your food tour. You may even decide that you like someone enough to meet him/her later for lunch or a coffee.(当你决定走慢速旅行路线时，你就可以腾出时间和别人见面。你可以在公园或餐馆遇到当地人，并享受交谈。了解你的美食之旅中的人。你甚至可能决定你足够喜欢一个人，然后和他/她一起吃午饭或喝咖啡)”可知，本段主要讲述了，慢速旅行可以让我们更好的和他人交流，所以G项“Your communication tends to be more relaxed and more real.(你的交流趋向于更轻松、更真实)”符合本段主题，并和后文“because you are not rushing to the next big thing.(因为你没有急着去做下一件大事)”构成因果关系。故选G项。
【20题详解】
分析设空可知，空处是本段小标题，根据后文“Traveling by plane, train, and bus has a bad effect on the environment. We can transport ourselves to one location and spend more time exploring it on foot, by bike or on horseback. That’s less harmful to the planet than rushing to the next thing on the list with whatever vehical that will get us there in a hurry.(乘飞机、火车和公共汽车旅行对环境有不好的影响。我们可以把自己带到一个地方，花更多的时间步行、骑自行车或骑马去探索它。这对地球的危害要比开着任何能让我们快速到达那里的交通工具匆忙去做清单上的下一件事要小)”可知，本段主要讲述了，慢速旅行会更环保，所以A项“Be more eco-friendly.(更加环保)”是本段小标题。故选A项。
第一节 (共15 小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Gloria Scott is a (n) ___21___ lady living in Massachusetts. For her, home repair is often the first thing to ___22___ as her income is low. However, when her overhead light went out, she decided living in the dark wouldn’t do. Then she called electrician (电工) John Kinney in to make ___23___. Little did the 72-year-old know that she wasn’t just getting an electrician, but also a knight (骑士) saving her from a very ___24___ situation.
When John went over to ___25___, he was struck by the state of Gloria’s house. Sure enough, the overhead light was not working. But that was only one of the many ___26___. Half of the lights were out, the house had no running water, some of the windows were broken ... Gloria explained she couldn’t ___27___ the repairs.
John repaired the overhead light as ___28___. After leaving Gloria’s house, John couldn’t get her ___29___ out of his head. “I’ve got to go back there,” he thought. So the following Monday, he returned and started working free of charge. But John didn’t ___30___ there. To make all the necessary repairs, he started a page online titled “Nice old lady needs help”, calling on people to join him. And ___31___, men, including quite a few excellent ___32___, soon showed up at Gloria’s house. They worked together to fix up the house. Everything from the windows to the pipe was repaired. They even painted the house to get it to its original (最初的) ___33___.
For Gloria, it wasn’t just her house that was changed, but also her ___34___. She had lived by herself. Now she no longer feels lonely, as she’s made friends with so many warm-hearted ___35___.
21. A. old B. lazy C. slim D. sick
22. A. give up B. think of C. take control of D. make up
23. A. corrections B. arrangements C. repairs D. changes
24. A. unusual B. difficult C. confusing D. suitable
25. A. rest B. explore C. reply D. check
26. A. events B. concerns C. ruins D. problems
27. A. quit B. demand C. afford D. complete
28. A. expected B. reported C. believed D. mentioned
29. A. kindness B. situation C. impression D. requirement
30. A. wait B. show C. stop D. start
31. A. generally B. amazingly C. easily D. obviously
32. A. experts- B. children C. designers D. friends
33. A. peace B. beauty C. place D. price
34. A. idea B. goal C. life D. belief
35. A. visitors B. neighbors C. members D. volunteers
【答案】21. A 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了热心善良的John Kinney，主动为72岁Gloria Scott修缮房子，而且不求回报，而且很多人在他的呼吁下加入了他，他们的行为不仅是重建了这座房子，也改变了房子主人的生活。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：格洛丽亚·斯科特是一位住在马萨诸塞州的老太太。A. old老的；B. lazy懒惰的；C. slim苗条的；D. sick生病的。根据后文的“Little did the 72-year-old know”可知，她是位72岁的老人。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：对她来说，由于收入低，房屋维修往往是她最先放弃的事情。A. give up放弃；B. think of思考；C. take control of控制；D. make up组成。根据后文的“as her income is low”可知，由于收入低，她不得不放弃房屋维修。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后她叫电工约翰·金尼来修理。A. corrections更正；B. arrangements安排；C. repairs修理；D. changes改变。根据前文的“However, when her overhead light went out, she decided living in the dark wouldn’t do. Then she called electrician (电工) John Kinney in”可知，当她头顶的灯熄灭了，她不得不叫人来修理。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位72岁的老人并不知道，她请到的不仅仅是一位电工，还有一位骑士将她从困境中拯救出来。A. unusual不寻常的；B. difficult困难的；C. confusing令人困惑；D. suitable合适的。根据前文的“Gloria Scott is a (n) 1 lady living in Massachusetts. For her, home repair is often the first thing to 2 as her income is low.”和“saving her from”可知，这位72岁的老人生活困难，故有人将她从困境中拯救出来。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当约翰过去查看时，他被格洛丽亚家的状况震惊了。A. rest休息；B. explore探索；C. reply回复 ；D. check检查。根据后文的“he was struck by the state of Gloria’s house.”可知，他查看了房子的状况，才能被格洛丽亚家的状况震惊。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这只是众多问题之一。A. events事件；B. concerns担心；C. ruins废墟；D. problems问题。根据后文的“Half of the lights were out, the house had no running water, some of the windows were broken ... ”可知，顶灯坏了只是众多问题之一。故选D项。
27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：格洛丽亚解释说她负担不起修理费。A. quit退出；B. demand需求；C. afford买得起；D. complete完成。根据前文的“For her, home repair is often the first thing to 2 as her income is low.”可知，格洛丽亚经济困难，负担不起修理费。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：约翰如预期的那样修好了顶灯。A. expected预期；B. reported报道；C. believed 相信；D. mentioned提到。根据前文的“However, when her overhead light went out, she decided living in the dark wouldn’t do. Then she called electrician (电工) John Kinney in to make 3.”可知，老人找约翰来修顶灯，所以约翰如预期的那样修好了顶灯。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：离开格洛丽亚的家后，约翰无法把她的处境从脑海中抹去。A. kindness善良；B. situation情况；C. impression印象；D. requirement要求。根据后文的““I’ve got to go back there,” he thought.”可知，他想自己得回去，因为约翰无法把她的处境从脑海中抹去。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是约翰并没有止步于此。A. wait等待；B. show显示；C. stop停止；D. start开始。根据后文“To make all the necessary repairs, he started a page online titled “Nice old lady needs help”, calling on people to join him.”可知，Kinney进一步帮助了老人，所以说他没有就此停止。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，男人们，包括相当多的优秀专家，很快就出现在格洛丽亚的家里。A. generally通常；B. amazingly令人惊奇的是；C. easily容易地；D. obviously明显地。根据前文的“men, including quite a few excellent 12, soon showed up at Gloria’s house. ”可知，这些人的出现是令人惊讶的。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，男人们，包括相当多的优秀专家，很快就出现在格洛丽亚的家里。A. experts专家；B. children儿童；C. designers设计师；D. friends朋友。根据前文的“including quite a few excellent ”和后文的“They worked together to fix up the house.”可知，优秀的专家来帮着修理房子。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们甚至把房子粉刷了一遍，使它恢复原来的美。A. peace和平；B. beauty美丽；C. place地点；D. price价格。根据前文的“They even painted the house”可知，他们把房子粉刷了一遍，从而使它恢复原来的美。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对格洛丽亚来说，改变的不仅仅是她的房子，还有她的生活。A. idea想法；B. goal目标；C. life生命；D. belief相信。根据后文的“Now she no longer feels lonely”可知，她的生活也改变了。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在她不再感到孤独，因为她和许多热心的志愿者交了朋友。A. visitors访客；B. neighbors邻居；C. members成员；D. volunteers志愿者。根据前文的“hey worked together to fix up the house. Everything from the windows to the pipe was repaired. They even painted the house to get it to its original (最初的) 13.”和“she’s made friends with so many warm-hearted”可知，很多人来无私帮助老人，所以老人和许多热心的志愿者交了朋友。故选D项。
第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词节内单词的正确形式。
One day a young man was walking along the road ___36___ he heard a cry. It seemed to be coming from underneath a bridge. As he got closer, the cry got louder and then he saw ___37___ surprising sight. There, ___38___ (lie) in the muddy riverbed, was a little dog about two months old. whose front legs were tightly ted with ropes. It had wounds on its head and was covered with mud.
The young man wanted to help the dog, ___39___ as he walked closer, the dog started to bark. The young man did not give up. He sat down and started ___40___ (gentle) talking to the dog. It took a long time but finally the dog ___41___ (stop) barking and the man was able to touch it. The young man carried the dog home, focused ___42___ its wounds, and gave it food and water. Even with all of these, the dog was still ___43___ (friendly) every time the young man approached. But the young man did not give up. Several ___44___ (week) went by and the man continued attending to the dog. Then one day, as the young man approached, the dog wagged its tail.
It was true love and kindness ___45___ won a lifelong friendship of trust and loyalty.
【答案】36. when
37. a 38. lying
39. but 40. gently
41. stopped
42. on 43. unfriendly
44. weeks 45. that
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个年轻人用他的爱与善意赢得了小狗永恒的忠诚的故事。
【36题详解】
考查时间状语从句。句意：一天，一个年轻人在路上走着，突然听到一声叫。分析句子结构可知，本空填when，引导时间状语从句。be doing...when...意为“正在做某事这时（突然）……”，是固定句型。故填when。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：当他走近时，叫声变得更大了，然后他看到了一个令人惊讶的景象。sight“景象”，为可数名词。根据句意和空后的surprising sight可知，本空填冠词a“一个”，表示泛指。故填a。
【38题详解】
考查倒装句及时态。句意：在泥泞的河床上躺着一只大约两个月大的小狗。动词lie意为“躺”。分析句子结构可知，这是一个倒装句，由was及上下文可知，此处是过去进行时，还原后正常语序为A little dog about two months old was lying in the muddy riverbed。故填lying。
【39题详解】
考查连词。句意：年轻人想帮助狗，但当他走近时，狗开始吠叫。空前The young man wanted to help the dog，与空后as he walked closer, the dog started to bark，为转折关系，所以用but“但是”来连接。故填but。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：他坐下来，开始和狗温柔地交谈。分析句子结构可知，本空填副词gently“温柔地”，修饰后面的动词talking。故填gently。
【41题详解】
考查时态。句意：过了很长一段时间，狗终于停止了吠叫，这个人摸到了它。由空前It took a long time和句意可知，but后的句子用一般过去时态，故用stop“停止”的过去式stopped。故填stopped。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：尽管年轻人做了这一切，但他每次靠近小狗时，小狗仍然不友好。由句中的Even，still可知，应用形容词unfriendly表示“不友好的”，作表语。故填unfriendly。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：年轻人把狗抱回家，关注它的伤口，给它食物和水。由句意和空前的focused可知，应用介词on。focus on“关注”，为固定短语。故填on。
【44题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：几个星期过去了，这个人继续照顾这只狗。名词week意为“星期”。Several意为“几个，一些”，其后应加名词的复数形式。故填weeks。
【45题详解】
考查强调句。句意：真正的爱和善良赢得了一生的信任和忠诚的友谊。本句是强调句，强调句的基本结构是It is/was+被强调部分+that/who...，因为被强调部分是true love and kindness，故填that。
第三节 根据中文以及所给核心词汇翻译句子 (满分15分)
46. 上周很多同学报名参加了辩论社团，包括我。(sign up) (汉译英)
【答案】Last week many students signed up for the debate club, including me.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配和时态。“上周”可表示为last week；“报名参加”可表示为sign up for；“辩论社团”可表示为the debate club；“包括”可表示为including。根据句意，这里表示过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故本句可翻译为：Last week many students signed up for the debate club, including me。
47. 伴随着外面的吵闹声，我当时无法专注于那个实验。(concentrate) (汉译英)
【答案】With noises outside, I couldn’t concentrate on the experiment.
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语、动词短语和名词。句子在描述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，“伴随着外面的吵闹声”说明伴随的情况，可用“with+名词”的结构作状语，“外面的吵闹声”可理解为“在外面的吵闹声”，“吵闹声”可用名词noises，“在外面”用副词outside，主语“我”用代词I，“无法”应用情态动词couldn’t，“专注于”可用动词短语concentrate on，“那个实验”应用名词the experiment。故译为：With noises outside, I couldn’t concentrate on the experiment。
48. 兴奋又好奇，Tom和Adam正期待着和他们的新朋友会面。(look forward to) (汉译英)
【答案】Excited and curious, Tom and Adam are looking forward to meeting their new friends.
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词、固定短语、时态和非谓语动词。“兴奋又好奇”可表示为excited and curious，为形容词短语，在句中作状语；“期待”可表示为look forward to，to为介词，其后跟动名词作宾语，且根据汉语提示，这里应用现在进行时；“和……会面”可表示为meet。故本句可翻译为：Excited and curious, Tom and Adam are looking forward to meeting their new friends.
49. 我写这封信是向您申请昨天发布在学校网站的那个职位。(apply) (汉译英)
【答案】I am writing to apply to you for the position posted on the school website yesterday.
【解析】
【详解】考查句子结构。根据句意可知，用现在进行时表示正在进行的动作，表示“我写这封信”为I am writing；表示“是向您申请昨天发布在学校网站的那个职位”为不定式短语to apply to you for the position posted on the school website yesterday，作目的状语，apply to sb for sth是固定句型，动词post和名词position之间是被动关系，应用去过去分词构成短语作后置定语。故翻译为I am writing to apply to you for the position posted on the school website yesterday.
50. 举办亚运会（Asian Games）不仅责任重大，也是一种极大的荣耀。(responsible; honor) (汉译英)
【答案】It is not only a great responsibility but also a great honor to host the Asian Games.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型、名词短语和动词短语。句子在评价一般性的情况，时态应用一般现在时，“做某事不仅……而且……”可用固定句型It is not only… but also... to do sth.，“责任重大”可理解为“重大的责任”，可用名词短语a great responsibility，“一种极大的荣耀”可用名词短语a great honor，“举办亚运会”可用动词短语host the Asian Games。故译为：It is not only a great responsibility but also a great honor to host the Asian Games。
第四部分 写作 (满分25分)
51. 假定你是李华，上月开启了自己的高中生活，请你给你的美国笔友Bob写一封信，内容包括：
1. 介绍自己的学习和生活；
2. 分享自己的感受；
3. 邀请Bob来中国交换学习。
注意：1.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯；
2.字数120左右。
Dear Bob,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Bob,
How is everything going Last month I started my high school life. I’m so excited that I can’t wait to share it with you.
My new school is not so big but very beautiful, which offers us a great learning atmosphere. I got to know my new teachers and classmates. What impressed me most is my math teacher. I found her friendly and experienced, which makes me relaxed and gives me confidence to face the challenges. We have many more subjects to learn so I should study much harder. During the weeks, I took part in various activities where I had a lot of fun and made new friends. In short, my senior high life is more meaningful and colorful.
Since you are interested in Chinese culture, I sincerely invite you to be an exchange student here. I believe you will have an unforgettable experience. Looking forward to your arrival.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给Bob写一封信，介绍自己的学习和生活，分享自己的感受，邀请Bob来中国交换学习。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
激动的：excited→thrilled
给……留下印象：impress→make an impression on
参加：take part in→participate in
总之：in short→in general
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：My new school is not so big but very beautiful, which offers us a great learning atmosphere.
拓展句：My new school is not so big but very beautiful, offering us a great learning atmosphere.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I found her friendly and experienced, which makes me relaxed and gives me confidence to face the challenges.(使用了“find+宾语+宾补”结构和“make+宾语+宾补”结构、which引导非限制性定语从句、不定式作后置定语)
【高分句型2】Since you are interested in Chinese culture, I sincerely invite you to be an exchange student here.(使用了Since引导原因状语从句、不定式作宾补)
听力答案：1-5 ABCBA 6-10 ABCAC 11-15 BCACA 16-20 BBCCA
