2023年秋季黄冈市部分普通高中高一年级阶段教学质量监测
英 语
本试卷共10页,满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项:
1.答题前,先将自己的姓名,准考证号,考场亏,座位亏项与在试卷和答题卡上并认真核准准考证号条形码上的以上信息,将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答,写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3.选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑;非选择题用黑色签字笔在答题卡上作答;字体工整,笔迹清楚。
4.考试结束后,请将试卷和答题卡一并上交.
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What exam will the man have tomorrow
A. English. B. Physics. C. Math.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How old is the man’s brother
A. 16 years old. B. 21 years old. C. 26 years old.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation most probably take place
A. In the hospital. B. In the school. C. In the company.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Their favorite books. B. Their weekend plans. C. The man’s reading habits.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the woman do next month
A. Meet a foreign client. B. Fly to Britain. C. Hold a wedding party.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，完成下面小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What do the speakers decide to eat for dinner
A. Italian food. B. Indian food. C. Chinese food.
7. How will the speakers get to the restaurant
A. By subway. B. By car. C. By bus.
听下面一段较长对话，完成下面小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Why does the man come to the woman
A. To introduce a client to her.
B. To ask her to host a meeting.
C. To discuss the new meeting time.
9. When does the woman ask the man to arrive next Tuesday
A. At 9:00 a.m. B. At 9:25 a.m. C. At 9:30 a.m.
听下面一段较长对话，完成下面小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. For whom will the man buy a handbag
A. His girlfriend. B. His wife. C. His sister.
11. What troubles the man at first
A. The handbags can’t be returned after purchase.
B. He doesn’t have much money with him.
C. He can’t decide which handbag to choose.
12. What does the woman advise the man to do
A. Look at more handbags. B. Tell his budget to her. C. Choose a cheaper handbag.
听下面一段较长对话，完成下面小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. How does the woman sound at first
A. Concerned. B. Unhappy. C. Amazed.
14. What does the woman suggest Bill do
A. Apologize for his mistake.
B. Work in another industry.
C. Enrich his knowledge first.
15. What did the woman major in
A. Education. B. Economics. C. Computer Science.
16. What is Bill likely to do next
A. Sign up for a course. B. Meet his leader. C. Make a phone call.
听下面一段独白，完成下面小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. How many hectares of tea trees are there in Jiajiang county
A. 20,000 hectares. B. 35,000 hectares. C. 46,000 hectares.
18. Where was green tea of Jiajiang county mainly exported in 2021
A. To South Africa B. To East Asia. C. To Central Asia.
19. How do farmers get the best tea
A. By using good farm chemicals.
B. By watering tea trees on time.
C. By focusing on the soil.
20 What is Zou Chengjun
A. A farmer. B. A director. C. A businessman.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Lovers often use flowers, chocolates, sweet gifts or grand declarations to express feelings deep in their hearts. But this year, you could let your love take off by traveling with that special someone on a romantic adventure. These are some romantic destinations which might bring new joy to your life and, most importantly, more fun and excitement to your relationship.
Stairs of the Turks, Sicily
Scala dei Turchi, or Stairs of the Turks, at Realmonte, southern Sicily, Italy. The Scala is formed by mud, a sedimentary rock (沉积岩) with a characteristic white color and is a popular tourist attraction and place to sun bath. In the film Malèna, the hero, 12-year-old Renato, always stare at the sunset here with his friends.
Somerset House in London
Located in central London, Somerset House is a popular filming location with its exterior featuring in several big budget Hollywood films. In the winter, its central courtyard is turned into an open-air playground for skating, as seen during the well-received film Love Actually.
Pokhara, Nepal
Pokhara is considered the tourism capital of Nepal. With two major hilltops as viewpoints to see the city and surrounding view, the city has recently added a bungee jumping site (the second in Nepal): Water Touch Bungee Jumping. Visitors also come here for adventure activities such as paragliding and skydiving. In the film Up in the Wind starring Ni Ni and Jing Boran, two young people climb up to the mountaintop and wait for the strong wind to carry them for paragliding. It becomes a moment of spiritual uplift.
Otaru, Hokkaido, Japan
A canal decorated with Victorian-style street lamps runs through Otaru. The city attracts many Japanese tourists as well as Russian visitors. Otaru is well known for its beer, fresh sushi and handicrafts like studio glass and musical boxes. At the poster of Japanese film Love Letter, Hiroko Watanabe stands among the snowy town and honors her dead lover.
21. Which place is suitable if you like adventures
A. Stairs of the Turks, Sicily. B. Pokhara, Nepal.
C. Somerset House in London. D. Otaru, Hokkaido, Japan.
22. What can you enjoy in Otaru, Hokkaido, Japan
A. Excellent food. B. Skating C. Sun bath D. Bungee jumping
23. What do these places have in common
A. The attractions are related to water. B. Winter is the best season.
C. They are located in Europe. D. They are related to romantic films.
B
For most of the traditional restaurants, it is challenging to deal with the increasing number of customers. But for Li Xianghui’s restaurants, things are different. Owning four restaurants, Li bought a number of cooking machines, which can operate tirelessly day and night. Packed in kits, all dishes are semi-finished(半加工的) and can be served within minutes after they are put into the machines.
“Automation (自动化) is the future for the restaurant business. It can avoid pressure from human costs in running a traditional restaurant and increase efficiency,” Li says. “There is a standardized process(过程) by the machines, which can make sure of the same taste of each order.”
The cooking machine can make about 2,000 recipes(食谱), according to Li. Once seated, customers scan a QR code(二维码) and use an app to make their meal selection and pay. With the only waiter putting the semi-finished food kit into the machine, the meal will be served in minutes. What’s more, the robot “cook” has attracted an increasing number of customers since the restaurant’s opening. Many customers say the taste is good and the price is not expensive.
Researchers from the University of Cambridge have trained their robot “cook” to make a judgement about the saltiness of a dish at different stages of the chewing (咀嚼) process, like a similar process in humans, according to their research published in the journal Frontiers in Robotics and AI.
Their results could be useful in the development of automated or semi-automated food preparation by helping robots to learn what tastes good and what doesn’t, making them better “cooks”. “If robots are to be used for certain aspects of food preparation, it’s important that they are able to ‘taste’ what they’re cooking,” said Grzegorz Sochacki, the paper’s first author.
24. Why does Li say “Automation is the future for the restaurant business”
A. Food can be cooked in some simpler way by the machines.
B. Customers prefer to have a quicker meal in the restaurant.
C. The tastes of dishes are better when cooked by the machines.
D. The costs of running a restaurant are less when using machines.
25. How many waiters are needed in a restaurant of Li
A. 0. B. 1. C. 2. D. 4.
26. Why has the restaurant attracted many customers since its opening
A. It becomes popular on the Internet soon.
B. People want to see the robot “cook” there.
C. People are satisfied with the taste and price there.
D. It allows customers to use an app to make orders.
27. What’s the purpose of the research published in Frontiers in Robotics and AI
A. To improve robots’ cooking skills. B. To explore other uses of robots in kitchen.
C. To prove robots’ ability to make recipes. D. To train robots to learn how to chew.
C
Though fireworks (烟花) on bonfire night bring joy to many people, it is likely to be a night of fright and pain for the UK’s geese (鹅).
Research by Anglia Ruskin University has found that fireworks displays (表演) cause wild birds to suffer significant pain, and researchers have recommended that displays should not take place in areas with large wildlife populations. A study, published in the journal Conservation Physiology, is one of the first carried out into the effects of fireworks on wildlife. It found that the heart rate (率) of geese increases by 96% when they are influenced by fireworks displays.
The study involved 20 wild grey lag geese fitted with recorders to record their heart rate and body temperature, which are measures of physiological stress. Claudia Wascher, who led the research, found that the average heart rate increased from 63 to 124 beats per minute, and their average body temperature increased from 38℃ to 39℃, in the first hour of fireworks displays. It took the geese about five hours before the birds displayed normal body temperatures, with average readings returning by 5 am.
“Ours is one of the first scientific studies to examine whether fireworks disturb wildlife. There have been previous studies showing that fireworks can cause anxiety in pets, for example in dogs, but little research has been done into how animals in the wild react. We need to carry out further research to conclusively tell whether the geese are reacting to the noise or the light pollution from the fireworks, or a combination of both. Many people get a lot of enjoyment from fireworks but it’s important that we consider animals both pets and wildlife — whenever planning a display,” Wascher said.
28. What advice do researchers give according to the findings of the study
A. Geese should be protected especially at night.
B. Great attention should be paid to the UK’s geese.
C. Fireworks displays should be held without harming wildlife.
D. Fireworks displays should take place to bring joy to people.
29. Why were 20 wild grey lag geese fitted with recorders
A. To compare the heart rates between them.
B To make them safe and sound in the wild.
C. To keep their body temperature normal.
D. To measure their physiological stress.
30. How long do the geese need to get over the effect of fireworks displays on body temperature
A. About five hours. B. About four hours.
C. About two hours. D. About one hour.
31. What may Wascher’s further research about
A. The relations between light pollution from fireworks and geese.
B. The effects of noise and light pollution from fireworks on geese.
C. Whether fireworks influence other wild animals.
D. The influence of a display on pets and wildlife.
D
Search and rescue teams are often accompanied by man’s best friend. A dog’s superior sense of smell can be of importance to finding survivors buried(埋) under fallen buildings. But now a new animal is being trained to assist search and rescue teams after an earthquake hits, and it’s the rat.
These rescue rats are being trained by Dr. Donna Kean, a researcher from Glasgow, Scotland who has been working with rats for years. Kean explained why she and her colleagues at the nonprofit APOPO train rats instead of dogs. “The rats have a comparable sense of smell, and they’re just as trainable as dogs,” she said.
“Their size is useful because they will be able to move through different environments that dogs just wouldn’t be able to.”
At the moment, the rats are wearing homemade prototype backpacks (背包) that contain microphones, video equipment, and location trackers, and then scientists are sending these rats into mock debris (模拟的废墟). Rats would be able to get into small spaces to get to victims (受害者) buried in the ruins. “We have not been in a real situation yet, we have got a mock debris site. When we track the backpack, we will be able to hear from where the rat is inside the debris,” Kean said. “We have the potential to speak to victims through the rat.”
Researchers train them on a basic series of behaviour. Training starts off in a really basic environment: a small and empty room. Then they gradually expand and increase the complexity(复杂性) in order to make it like real life.
They can start adding in debris and making the training area look more like an actual collapsed building site.
The training just started, and researchers still have to run training trials(实验) outside the research environment.
They are working with a search and rescue group called GEA, who are based in Turkey, a country with frequent earthquakes and hoping that by next year they’ll be able to take the rats to Turkey for trials.
32. What advantage do rats have over dogs in the rescue work
A. They are easier to train. B. They have a better sense of smell.
C. They are more flexible with a smaller size. D. They adapt to new environments more quickly.
33. What does the underlined word “comparable” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A. impressive. B. suitable. C. unique. D. similar.
34. What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A. The process of training the rats. B. The difficulty of conducting experiments.
C. The rats’ behaviour in real collapsed sites. D. The importance of the research environment.
35. What will scientists plan to do next
A. Use rats for rescue work in large numbers. B. Send rats to Turkey for field experiments.
C. Carry out further study on disaster prevention. D. Develop the tracking technology to assist GEA.
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
This is the time of year when many gardeners are harvesting tomatoes. Gardening expert Jessica Damiano recently reported about the many pictures of strangely shaped tomatoes sent to her from fans of her gardening advice. ____36____. The good news, Damiano said, is that there is nothing wrong with the strangely shaped fruits. ____37____. Their unusual appearance does not affect their taste or nutritional value.
_____38_____ If you have ever cut open a tomato, you know they are divided into internal (内部的) parts, called locules (小室). Most tomatoes have about four or five locules; other kinds of the fruit, like cherry tomatoes, contain two or three. But when a plant experiences extreme (极端的) temperature, cell division in the developing fruit can go off track. Temperatures over 32℃ during the day and 27℃ overnight can lead the tomato to form an extra locule. But there is not enough room inside a tomato for the extra part, so it grows on the outside of the fruit.
Not every tomato on an affected plant will be deformed (改变形状), however. What are the possibilities Under the right conditions (temperatures that are too hot or even too cold), this could affect one or two tomatoes per plant, depending on where they are in the development process and what the (weather) conditions are, said Timothy McDermott, a professor at Ohio State University. The possibility of one of your tomatoes developing a locule oddity (怪异) is about one in a thousand, McDermott said. ____39____ But, Damiano noted, heirloom (原种) kinds seem more likely to have this genetic mutation (基因变异) than hybrids.
And, when harvesting your crop, remember: _____40_____
A. select the good-looking ones.
B. Any tomato can grow an extra locule.
C. the funny-looking tomatoes taste just as good!
D. What causes the unusual appearance of tomatoes
E. Unless otherwise diseased, they are perfectly good for eating.
F. She said people sometimes question if the tomatoes are okay to eat.
G. Provide shade for your plants when temperatures are predicted to remain above 32℃.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was the final part of the 2016 World Triathlon (铁人三项) Series in Mexico. With just 700 meters to go, Alistair in third place and his younger brother, Jonny, was in the ____41____. Alistair pushed himself towards the finish line in the____42____heat, but as he came round the corner, he saw his brother about to ____43____onto the track. Alistair had to choose-- brotherly love or a chance to ____44____the race
For Alistair, the choice was clear. His brother was ____45____. He had to help. Alistair ran towards Jonny, caught him and started pulling him towards the finish line. Alistair then____46____ his brother over the line. The move put Jonny in second place and Alistair himself in third. It was an____47____ end to the race, but Alistair did not want to discuss it with the media. He just wanted to see his younger brother, who had been____48____ to the medical area.
The brothers have been doing triathlons since they were children.“____49____, when your older brother is doing it, you think it’s a cool thing to do.” says Jonny. Alistair says that they____50____ each other as much as they can when they train. Despite____51____over “stupid things” now and then, Alistair agrees that having a brother is an advantage. “Throughout my entire life, I’ve had my brother trying to beat me at everything I do. It has been an hugely____52____force.”
Watched by millions, the ending to the race has ____53____ opinions: should the brothers have been disqualified (使丧失资格) or highly ____54____ for their actions But for Alistair, his decision was easy to explain:“Mum wouldn’t have been happy if I’d left Jonny behind.”At that moment, he was no longer an athlete aiming for a medal -- he was just a ____55____.
41.
A. end B. lead C. beginning D. way
42.
A. annoying B. confusing C. burning D. outgoing
43.
A. fall B. stand C. run D. jump
44
A. lose B. quit C. serious D. win
45.
A. in danger B. in trouble C. in power D. in sight
46.
A. packed B. quit C. challenged D. pushed
47.
A. unexpected B. unknown C. unhappy D. unlucky
48.
A. advanced B. pulled C. rushed D. addicted
49.
A. Anxiously B. Obviously C. Luckily D. Excitedly
50.
A. request B. contact C. encourage D. fight
51
A. arguments B. discussions C. injuries D. movements
52.
A. positive B. negative C. active D. confident
53.
A. advanced B. divided C. confusing D. supportive
54.
A attracted B. commented C. praised D. organized
55.
A. player B. brother C. competitor D. teacher
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Rising up in the countryside of Jiangxi Province, Mount Lushan was once one of the famous cultural ____56____ (center) of ancient China. In fact, its historical importance meant that it ____57____ (honor) as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1996.
Located about 20 kilometres south of Jiujiang City, it runs eastwards to the Mufu Mountains. Dahanyang Peak, the highest peak of Mount Lushan, ____58____ (rise) 1,474 metres above sea level. To the north, it offers ____59____ (impress) views of the Yangtze River, while to the south it overlooks Poyang Lake.
As early as the Eastern Han Dynasty, a well-known Taoist leader____60____ (name) Zhang Daoling travelled to the mountain. During the Jin Dynasty, the Donglin Temple was built on the mountain by a person called Huiyuan. From then on, many temples began coming up across the mountain, until there were over 300 of them.
However, Mount Lushan didn’t become truly famous until the Song Dynasty. During that time, it was rebuilt by Zhu Xi, ____61____was the founder of Neo-Confucianism(理学). Thanks ____62____his efforts, this place became one of the Four Great Academies of China. By the 19th century, it had become into an ____63____ (extreme) large place, with its own temples, study halls, and libraries. Overtime, countless writers and artists have sung the mountain’s praises, ____64____ (leave) over 900 works of art.
Nowadays, with its beautiful views and famous temples, the mountain range is _____65_____ popular tourist attraction.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华。你的英国笔友Frank写信询问你在第十九届杭州亚运会上的志愿者经历。请你给他写一封回信。要点如下：
1. 介绍服务内容；
2. 分享感受；
3. 表达祝愿。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
亚运会 Asian Game
Dear Frank,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 (满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
There was a big fire in a forest. Animals that lived there had to find new homes.
Far away was a house where three little children lived. Their names were Thomas, Kathy and Carrie. It was lunchtime. Mom said,“Why don’t you have a picnic in the yard ”
The kids spread(展开) out the picnic blanket and put some carrot sticks and drinks on it. Then they ran back to the kitchen to fetch more food. But when they came back to the blanket, something was wrong. Where were the carrot sticks They were all gone! “This must be a trick,” said Kathy. “Let’s leave the celery(芹菜) sticks here and see what will happen.”They told Mom that someone had stolen the carrot sticks. Mom hurried out with them to the picnic blanket. But now, not only were the carrot sticks missing, but the celery sticks were gone, too!
Mom said,“Well, your drinks are still out here. Get your sandwiches. You guys go ahead and eat them out here and maybe something will turn up.” They were just about to finish eating when Carrie looked over at the bushes(灌木丛) and saw something move. She softly said,“Shush! See the bushes moving ” A little animal came to the edge(边缘) of the bushes and looked at them. It was a rabbit. Quietly it went back into the bushes.
Thomas said,“Let’s get more celery and carrots, and see if that rabbit is our thief. We can put them at the edge of the bushes and watch from the window.” They carefully put celery and carrots down near the bushes and walked back to the house. As they watched, the little rabbit came out and carried the vegetables away into the bushes.
Mom thought that maybe because of the forest fire, the rabbit needed a new home. “Maybe we can keep feeding this rabbit, and she will stay here for a long time.”said Mom.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
That is just what they did.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Finally, spring came.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2023年秋季黄冈市部分普通高中高一年级阶段教学质量监测
英 语
本试卷共10页,满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项:
1.答题前,先将自己的姓名,准考证号,考场亏,座位亏项与在试卷和答题卡上并认真核准准考证号条形码上的以上信息,将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答,写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3.选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑;非选择题用黑色签字笔在答题卡上作答;字体工整,笔迹清楚。
4.考试结束后,请将试卷和答题卡一并上交.
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What exam will the man have tomorrow
A. English. B. Physics. C. Math.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: I heard you did well in your English exam.
M: Yes. I also made great progress in the math exam. But I haven’t prepared for tomorrow’s physics exam.
W: Don’t worry. I can help you.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How old is the man’s brother
A. 16 years old. B. 21 years old. C. 26 years old.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Are you 21 years old
M: Yes.
W: Are you the only child in your family
M: No. I have a brother who is 5 years younger than me.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation most probably take place
A. In the hospital. B. In the school. C. In the company.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hi, Mary. Why did you come to work today Didn’t you take a week off to look after your son in the hospital
W: My son was well enough to leave the hospital yesterday. And he went to school this morning.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Their favorite books. B. Their weekend plans. C. The man’s reading habits.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: When do you usually read books
M: Well, I read every night before bedtime and I always spend my weekends in the library.
W: What kind of books do you usually read
M: I read everything.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the woman do next month
A. Meet a foreign client. B. Fly to Britain. C. Hold a wedding party.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: I’m going abroad. Could you help me buy a plane ticket to London I have to attend my friend’s wedding there next month.
M: No problem. By the way, we have a client coming to talk about business this month.
W: OK.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，完成下面小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What do the speakers decide to eat for dinner
A. Italian food. B. Indian food. C. Chinese food.
7 How will the speakers get to the restaurant
A. By subway. B. By car. C. By bus.
【答案】6. C 7. A
【解析】
【原文】W: John, there is a very popular Italian restaurant in the city center. Do you want to go there for dinner with me
M: I’m not interested in Italian food. Actually, I want to eat in a Chinese or an Indian restaurant.
W: Hmm, how about that Chinese buffet on Cowley Road
M: I like the food there. Shall we go there by bus or by car
W: I think we’d better take the subway to avoid the traffic jam.
M: OK.
听下面一段较长对话，完成下面小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Why does the man come to the woman
A. To introduce a client to her.
B. To ask her to host a meeting.
C. To discuss the new meeting time.
9. When does the woman ask the man to arrive next Tuesday
A. At 9:00 a.m. B. At 9:25 a.m. C. At 9:30 a.m.
【答案】8. C 9. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Good morning, Alice. I’m coming to tell you the meeting planned for this afternoon will be put off till next week.
W: That’s not good for me. I’m booked everyday next week except Tuesday.
M: Let me see. I’ll pick up a client at 8:00 a.m. next Tuesday and come back at about 9:00 a.m. Shall we start the meeting at 9:30 a.m.
W: All right. Please arrive five minutes early. We need to start on time.
M: No problem. See you.
听下面一段较长对话，完成下面小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. For whom will the man buy a handbag
A. His girlfriend. B. His wife. C. His sister.
11. What troubles the man at first
A. The handbags can’t be returned after purchase.
B. He doesn’t have much money with him.
C. He can’t decide which handbag to choose.
12. What does the woman advise the man to do
A. Look at more handbags. B. Tell his budget to her. C. Choose a cheaper handbag.
【答案】10. A 11. C 12. B
【解析】
【原文】W: All our handbags are of high quality, sir. They were designed by top designers. Your wife will be very happy to receive a gift like this.
M: Oh, I’m not married. I’m buying a handbag for my girlfriend. My sister said your products are of good quality. But I’m not sure what kind of handbag my girlfriend would like. There are so many to choose from.
W: Well, the easiest way is to look at the handbags in your price range.
M: That’s a good idea.
W: If you can tell me the highest price you can afford, I can suggest a narrower range of options. And we offer a full refund within 7 days and a free replacement within 30 days. So if your girlfriend doesn’t like the handbag you choose and wants to exchange it, there will not be any problem.
M: Sounds great. I want a handbag that costs less than $ 500, but it won’t hurt to spend a little more.
听下面一段较长对话，完成下面小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. How does the woman sound at first
A. Concerned. B. Unhappy. C. Amazed.
14. What does the woman suggest Bill do
A. Apologize for his mistake.
B Work in another industry.
C. Enrich his knowledge first.
15. What did the woman major in
A. Education. B. Economics. C. Computer Science.
16. What is Bill likely to do next
A. Sign up for a course. B. Meet his leader. C. Make a phone call.
【答案】13. A 14. C 15. B 16. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Bill, long time no see! You look unhappy. What’s up
M: My leader criticized me for a mistake today. I wonder if I’m fit for the job.
W: If you quit, all the efforts you made to apply for the job will be in vain.
M: You’re right. But I’m anxious about my future now.
W: Cheer up. You know the computer industry grows very fast. It’s hard to make a great achievement in a short time. Why don’t you enrich your knowledge at present
M: You can say that again. Maybe I can sign up for some related courses.
W: Oh, I know a tutoring center that offers flexible courses. I took an education course there last year. The teachers there are very capable.
M: Hmm, I remember that you majored in Economics. Why did you take the course
W: Because I want to be a math teacher.
M: I see. Can you tell me the address I can go there tomorrow.
W: Of course. And I have the phone number. You can call first.
M: That’s great.
听下面一段独白，完成下面小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. How many hectares of tea trees are there in Jiajiang county
A. 20,000 hectares. B. 35,000 hectares. C. 46,000 hectares.
18. Where was green tea of Jiajiang county mainly exported in 2021
A. To South Africa B. To East Asia. C. To Central Asia.
19. How do farmers get the best tea
A. By using good farm chemicals.
B. By watering tea trees on time.
C. By focusing on the soil.
20. What is Zou Chengjun
A. A farmer. B. A director. C. A businessman.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Jiajiang county is located in southwest China’s Sichuan province. The specialty there is green tea, which is in great demand overseas. There are 20,000 hectares of tea trees in Jiajiang county. 46,000 tons of tea were produced in 2021, among which 35,000 tons were green tea. They were mainly exported to North Africa and Central Asia, with sales of about $ 100 million.
Farmers said they have special measures to ensure only the best tea is exported. They said, “We keep a close eye on the soil and we have strict rules for using farm chemicals. We won’t use them unless we think there’s going to be a lot of harm.”
Zou Chengjun, director of the Jiajiang Agriculture & Rural Affairs Bureau, said, “We have helped our tea farmers build their own tea-growing bases, and we have set some policies that can benefit them. We have also offered some financial aid, such as farmer-oriented loans.”
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Lovers often use flowers, chocolates, sweet gifts or grand declarations to express feelings deep in their hearts. But this year, you could let your love take off by traveling with that special someone on a romantic adventure. These are some romantic destinations which might bring new joy to your life and, most importantly, more fun and excitement to your relationship.
Stairs of the Turks, Sicily
Scala dei Turchi, or Stairs of the Turks, at Realmonte, southern Sicily, Italy. The Scala is formed by mud, a sedimentary rock (沉积岩) with a characteristic white color and is a popular tourist attraction and place to sun bath. In the film Malèna, the hero, 12-year-old Renato, always stare at the sunset here with his friends.
Somerset House in London
Located in central London, Somerset House is a popular filming location with its exterior featuring in several big budget Hollywood films. In the winter, its central courtyard is turned into an open-air playground for skating, as seen during the well-received film Love Actually.
Pokhara, Nepal
Pokhara is considered the tourism capital of Nepal. With two major hilltops as viewpoints to see the city and surrounding view, the city has recently added a bungee jumping site (the second in Nepal): Water Touch Bungee Jumping. Visitors also come here for adventure activities such as paragliding and skydiving. In the film Up in the Wind starring Ni Ni and Jing Boran, two young people climb up to the mountaintop and wait for the strong wind to carry them for paragliding. It becomes a moment of spiritual uplift.
Otaru, Hokkaido, Japan
A canal decorated with Victorian-style street lamps runs through Otaru. The city attracts many Japanese tourists as well as Russian visitors. Otaru is well known for its beer, fresh sushi and handicrafts like studio glass and musical boxes. At the poster of Japanese film Love Letter, Hiroko Watanabe stands among the snowy town and honors her dead lover.
21. Which place is suitable if you like adventures
A. Stairs of the Turks, Sicily. B. Pokhara, Nepal.
C. Somerset House in London. D. Otaru, Hokkaido, Japan.
22. What can you enjoy in Otaru, Hokkaido, Japan
A. Excellent food. B. Skating C. Sun bath D. Bungee jumping
23. What do these places have in common
A. The attractions are related to water. B. Winter is the best season.
C. They are located in Europe. D. They are related to romantic films.
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四个浪漫的旅游胜地：意大利西西里岛的土耳其阶梯、伦敦的萨默塞特宫、尼泊尔的博卡拉和日本北海道小樽。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Pokhara, Nepal中的“With two major hilltops as viewpoints to see the city and surrounding view, the city has recently added a bungee jumping site (the second in Nepal): Water Touch Bungee Jumping. Visitors also come here for adventure activities such as paragliding and skydiving. (有两个主要的山顶作为观看城市和周围景色的视角，该市最近增加了一个蹦极场地（尼泊尔第二个）：水触蹦极。游客也来这里进行滑翔伞和跳伞等冒险活动。)”可知，在Pokhara, Nepal可以体验极限运动。故选B项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Otaru, Hokkaido, Japan中的“Otaru is well known for its beer, fresh sushi and handicrafts like studio glass and musical boxes. (小樽以其啤酒、新鲜寿司和工作室玻璃和音乐盒等手工艺品而闻名。)”可知，日本北海道的小樽以啤酒，新鲜寿司和手工艺品出名。故选A项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文可知，意大利西西里岛岛Stairs of the Turks因电影《西西里岛的美丽传说》出名，伦敦的萨默塞特宫是电影Love Actually的拍摄地，尼泊尔的博卡拉出现在电影《等风来》里，日本北海道小樽则因电影《情书》得名，因此几个景点都与爱情电影相关。故选D项。
B
For most of the traditional restaurants, it is challenging to deal with the increasing number of customers. But for Li Xianghui’s restaurants, things are different. Owning four restaurants, Li bought a number of cooking machines, which can operate tirelessly day and night. Packed in kits, all dishes are semi-finished(半加工的) and can be served within minutes after they are put into the machines.
“Automation (自动化) is the future for the restaurant business. It can avoid pressure from human costs in running a traditional restaurant and increase efficiency,” Li says. “There is a standardized process(过程) by the machines, which can make sure of the same taste of each order.”
The cooking machine can make about 2,000 recipes(食谱), according to Li. Once seated, customers scan a QR code(二维码) and use an app to make their meal selection and pay. With the only waiter putting the semi-finished food kit into the machine, the meal will be served in minutes. What’s more, the robot “cook” has attracted an increasing number of customers since the restaurant’s opening. Many customers say the taste is good and the price is not expensive.
Researchers from the University of Cambridge have trained their robot “cook” to make a judgement about the saltiness of a dish at different stages of the chewing (咀嚼) process, like a similar process in humans, according to their research published in the journal Frontiers in Robotics and AI.
Their results could be useful in the development of automated or semi-automated food preparation by helping robots to learn what tastes good and what doesn’t, making them better “cooks”. “If robots are to be used for certain aspects of food preparation, it’s important that they are able to ‘taste’ what they’re cooking,” said Grzegorz Sochacki, the paper’s first author.
24. Why does Li say “Automation is the future for the restaurant business”
A. Food can be cooked in some simpler way by the machines.
B. Customers prefer to have a quicker meal in the restaurant.
C. The tastes of dishes are better when cooked by the machines.
D. The costs of running a restaurant are less when using machines.
25. How many waiters are needed in a restaurant of Li
A. 0. B. 1. C. 2. D. 4.
26. Why has the restaurant attracted many customers since its opening
A. It becomes popular on the Internet soon.
B. People want to see the robot “cook” there.
C. People are satisfied with the taste and price there.
D. It allows customers to use an app to make orders.
27. What’s the purpose of the research published in Frontiers in Robotics and AI
A. To improve robots’ cooking skills. B. To explore other uses of robots in kitchen.
C. To prove robots’ ability to make recipes. D. To train robots to learn how to chew.
【答案】24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要说明了李向辉为他的餐馆“雇用”了一些烹饪机器人，只需要将半成品食物放入机器中，几分钟后机器便可以完成烹饪。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“It can avoid pressure from human costs in running a traditional restaurant and increase efficiency(它可以避免经营传统餐厅的人力成本压力，提高效率)”可知，李说“自动化是餐饮业的未来”因为使用机器后，经营餐馆的成本降低了。故选D。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“With the only waiter putting the semi-finished food kit into the machine, the meal will be served in minutes.(只有一名服务员将半成品放入机器，几分钟就能上菜)”可知，李的餐馆需要1个服务员。故选B。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Many customers say the taste is good and the price is not expensive.(很多顾客都说味道不错，价格也不贵)”可知，这家餐厅开业以来吸引了很多顾客是因为人们对那里的口味和价格都很满意。故选C。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Their results could be useful in the development of automated or semi-automated food preparation by helping robots to learn what tastes good and what doesn’t, making them better “cooks”. “If robots are to be used for certain aspects of food preparation, it’s important that they are able to ‘taste’ what they’re cooking,” said Grzegorz Sochacki, the paper’s first author.(他们的研究结果可以帮助机器人学习什么味道好，什么味道不好，从而使它们成为更好的“厨师”，从而有助于自动化或半自动食物制备的发展。该论文的第一作者Grzegorz Sochacki说:“如果机器人要用于食物准备的某些方面，那么重要的是它们能够‘品尝’它们正在烹饪的东西。”)”可知，发表在《机器人和人工智能前沿》上的研究的目的是提高机器人的烹饪技能。故选A。
C
Though fireworks (烟花) on bonfire night bring joy to many people, it is likely to be a night of fright and pain for the UK’s geese (鹅).
Research by Anglia Ruskin University has found that fireworks displays (表演) cause wild birds to suffer significant pain, and researchers have recommended that displays should not take place in areas with large wildlife populations. A study, published in the journal Conservation Physiology, is one of the first carried out into the effects of fireworks on wildlife. It found that the heart rate (率) of geese increases by 96% when they are influenced by fireworks displays.
The study involved 20 wild grey lag geese fitted with recorders to record their heart rate and body temperature, which are measures of physiological stress. Claudia Wascher, who led the research, found that the average heart rate increased from 63 to 124 beats per minute, and their average body temperature increased from 38℃ to 39℃, in the first hour of fireworks displays. It took the geese about five hours before the birds displayed normal body temperatures, with average readings returning by 5 am.
“Ours is one of the first scientific studies to examine whether fireworks disturb wildlife. There have been previous studies showing that fireworks can cause anxiety in pets, for example in dogs, but little research has been done into how animals in the wild react. We need to carry out further research to conclusively tell whether the geese are reacting to the noise or the light pollution from the fireworks, or a combination of both. Many people get a lot of enjoyment from fireworks but it’s important that we consider animals both pets and wildlife — whenever planning a display,” Wascher said.
28. What advice do researchers give according to the findings of the study
A. Geese should be protected especially at night.
B. Great attention should be paid to the UK’s geese.
C. Fireworks displays should be held without harming wildlife.
D. Fireworks displays should take place to bring joy to people.
29. Why were 20 wild grey lag geese fitted with recorders
A. To compare the heart rates between them.
B. To make them safe and sound in the wild.
C. To keep their body temperature normal.
D. To measure their physiological stress.
30. How long do the geese need to get over the effect of fireworks displays on body temperature
A. About five hours. B. About four hours.
C. About two hours. D. About one hour.
31. What may Wascher’s further research about
A. The relations between light pollution from fireworks and geese.
B. The effects of noise and light pollution from fireworks on geese.
C. Whether fireworks influence other wild animals.
D. The influence of a display on pets and wildlife.
【答案】28. C 29. D 30. A 31. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讲的是Anglia Ruskin大学的研究发现，烟花表演会使野生鸟类遭受巨大的痛苦，研究人员建议，烟花表演不应该在野生动物种群众多的地区举行。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Research by Anglia Ruskin University has found that fireworks displays (表演) cause wild birds to suffer significant pain, and researchers have recommended that displays should not take place in areas with large wildlife populations.(Anglia Ruskin大学的研究发现，烟花表演会使野生鸟类遭受巨大的痛苦，研究人员建议，烟花表演不应该在野生动物种群众多的地区举行。)”可知，根据研究结果，研究人员建议烟花表演应该在不伤害野生动物的情况下举行。故选C。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The study involved 20 wild grey lag geese fitted with recorders to record their heart rate and body temperature, which are measures of physiological stress.(这项研究涉及20只野生灰雁，它们配备了记录仪来记录它们的心率和体温，这是生理压力的测量指标。)”可知，给20只野生灰雁装上记录仪是为了测量他们的生理压力。故选D。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“It took the geese about five hours before the birds displayed normal body temperatures, with average readings returning by 5 am.(灰雁花了大约5个小时的时间才显示出正常的体温，平均读数在凌晨5点恢复。)”可知，灰雁需要大约5个小时才能克服烟花表演对体温的影响。故选A。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“We need to carry out further research to conclusively tell whether the geese are reacting to the noise or the light pollution from the fireworks, or a combination of both.(我们需要进行进一步的研究，以确定鹅是对噪音还是烟花产生的光污染做出反应，还是两者兼而有之。)”可知，Wascher的进一步研究可能是关于烟花爆竹噪声和光污染对鹅的影响。故选B。
D
Search and rescue teams are often accompanied by man’s best friend. A dog’s superior sense of smell can be of importance to finding survivors buried(埋) under fallen buildings. But now a new animal is being trained to assist search and rescue teams after an earthquake hits, and it’s the rat.
These rescue rats are being trained by Dr. Donna Kean, a researcher from Glasgow, Scotland who has been working with rats for years. Kean explained why she and her colleagues at the nonprofit APOPO train rats instead of dogs. “The rats have a comparable sense of smell, and they’re just as trainable as dogs,” she said.
“Their size is useful because they will be able to move through different environments that dogs just wouldn’t be able to.”
At the moment, the rats are wearing homemade prototype backpacks (背包) that contain microphones, video equipment, and location trackers, and then scientists are sending these rats into mock debris (模拟的废墟). Rats would be able to get into small spaces to get to victims (受害者) buried in the ruins. “We have not been in a real situation yet, we have got a mock debris site. When we track the backpack, we will be able to hear from where the rat is inside the debris,” Kean said. “We have the potential to speak to victims through the rat.”
Researchers train them on a basic series of behaviour. Training starts off in a really basic environment: a small and empty room. Then they gradually expand and increase the complexity(复杂性) in order to make it like real life.
They can start adding in debris and making the training area look more like an actual collapsed building site.
The training just started, and researchers still have to run training trials(实验) outside the research environment.
They are working with a search and rescue group called GEA, who are based in Turkey, a country with frequent earthquakes and hoping that by next year they’ll be able to take the rats to Turkey for trials.
32. What advantage do rats have over dogs in the rescue work
A. They are easier to train. B. They have a better sense of smell.
C. They are more flexible with a smaller size. D. They adapt to new environments more quickly.
33. What does the underlined word “comparable” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A. impressive. B. suitable. C. unique. D. similar.
34. What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A. The process of training the rats. B. The difficulty of conducting experiments.
C. The rats’ behaviour in real collapsed sites. D. The importance of the research environment.
35. What will scientists plan to do next
A. Use rats for rescue work in large numbers. B. Send rats to Turkey for field experiments.
C. Carry out further study on disaster prevention. D. Develop the tracking technology to assist GEA.
【答案】32. C 33. D 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。近日，来自苏格兰的科学家宣布他们正在训练一批精锐的“搜救部队”，以帮助人们寻找地震中的受难者，这些搜救成员就是我们相当熟悉的动物——老鼠，当地震发生后，它们将会穿上装有麦克风的小背包，深入地震废墟中的狭小空间，帮助受困者与外界进行交流。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Their size is useful because they will be able to move through different environments that dogs just wouldn’t be able to.(它们的体型很有用，因为它们能够在不同的环境中移动，这是狗所不能做到的)”可知，在救援工作中，老鼠的优势是尺寸更小，更灵活。故选C。
【33题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“sense of smell, and they’re just as trainable as dogs”可知，Kean的团队想要用老鼠代替狗来进行搜救工作，因为老鼠的嗅觉能力应与狗类似。故划线词意思是“相似的”。故选D。
【34题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“At the moment, the rats are wearing homemade prototype backpacks (背包) that contain microphones, video equipment, and location trackers, and then scientists are sending these rats into mock debris (模拟的废墟). Rats would be able to get into small spaces to get to victims (受害者) buried in the ruins. “We have not been in a real situation yet, we have got a mock debris site. When we track the backpack, we will be able to hear from where the rat is inside the debris,” Kean said. “We have the potential to speak to victims through the rat.”(目前，老鼠们穿着自制的原型背包，里面有麦克风、视频设备和位置追踪器，然后科学家们把这些老鼠送到模拟碎片中。老鼠可以进入狭小的空间，接近埋在废墟中的受害者。“我们还没有进入真实的情况，我们得到了一个模拟的碎片现场。当我们追踪背包时，我们将能够听到老鼠在碎片中的位置，”基恩说。“我们有可能通过老鼠与受害者对话。”)”可知，第四段的主要内容是训练老鼠的过程。故选A。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“They are working with a search and rescue group called GEA, who are based in Turkey, a country with frequent earthquakes and hoping that by next year they’ll be able to take the rats to Turkey for trials.(他们正在与一个名为GEA的搜救组织合作，该组织总部设在地震频繁的土耳其，他们希望明年能把老鼠带到土耳其进行试验)”可知，科学家们下一步计划把老鼠送到土耳其进行野外实验。故选B。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
This is the time of year when many gardeners are harvesting tomatoes. Gardening expert Jessica Damiano recently reported about the many pictures of strangely shaped tomatoes sent to her from fans of her gardening advice. ____36____. The good news, Damiano said, is that there is nothing wrong with the strangely shaped fruits. ____37____. Their unusual appearance does not affect their taste or nutritional value.
_____38_____ If you have ever cut open a tomato, you know they are divided into internal (内部的) parts, called locules (小室). Most tomatoes have about four or five locules; other kinds of the fruit, like cherry tomatoes, contain two or three. But when a plant experiences extreme (极端的) temperature, cell division in the developing fruit can go off track. Temperatures over 32℃ during the day and 27℃ overnight can lead the tomato to form an extra locule. But there is not enough room inside a tomato for the extra part, so it grows on the outside of the fruit.
Not every tomato on an affected plant will be deformed (改变形状), however. What are the possibilities Under the right conditions (temperatures that are too hot or even too cold), this could affect one or two tomatoes per plant, depending on where they are in the development process and what the (weather) conditions are, said Timothy McDermott, a professor at Ohio State University. The possibility of one of your tomatoes developing a locule oddity (怪异) is about one in a thousand, McDermott said. ____39____ But, Damiano noted, heirloom (原种) kinds seem more likely to have this genetic mutation (基因变异) than hybrids.
And, when harvesting your crop, remember: _____40_____
A. select the good-looking ones.
B. Any tomato can grow an extra locule.
C. the funny-looking tomatoes taste just as good!
D. What causes the unusual appearance of tomatoes
E. Unless otherwise diseased, they are perfectly good for eating.
F. She said people sometimes question if the tomatoes are okay to eat.
G. Provide shade for your plants when temperatures are predicted to remain above 32℃.
【答案】36. F 37. E 38. D 39. B 40. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了奇形怪状的番茄通常是基因变异导致的，在没有其他疾病的情况下，它们也很适合食用。
【36题详解】
前文“Gardening expert Jessica Damiano recently reported about the many pictures of strangely shaped tomatoes sent to her from fans of her gardening advice. (园艺专家Jessica Damiano最近报道了（喜欢）她园艺建议的粉丝们寄给她的许多形状奇怪的番茄的照片)”引出形状奇怪的番茄的话题，后文“The good news, Damiano said, is that there is nothing wrong with the strangely shaped fruits. (Damiano说，好消息是，这种形状奇怪的水果并没有什么问题)”说明形状奇怪的番茄没有问题，因此F项“She said people sometimes question if the tomatoes are okay to eat. (她说，人们有时会质疑番茄是否可以吃)”符合语境，引出疑问，承前启后，其中的She指代前文的Jessica Damiano。故选F。
【37题详解】
前文“The good news, Damiano said, is that there is nothing wrong with the strangely shaped fruits. (Damiano说，好消息是，这种形状奇怪的水果并没有什么问题)”说明形状奇怪的番茄没有问题，因此E项“Unless otherwise diseased, they are perfectly good for eating. (除非有其他疾病，否则它们非常适合食用)”符合语境，进行补充说明，承接前文，其中的they指代前文的the strangely shaped fruits。故选E。
【38题详解】
空处位于段首，需引出段落内容。根据后文“But when a plant experiences extreme (极端的) temperature, cell division in the developing fruit can go off track. Temperatures over 32℃ during the day and 27℃ overnight can lead the tomato to form an extra locule. But there is not enough room inside a tomato for the extra part, so it grows on the outside of the fruit. (但当植物经历极端温度时，正在发育的果实中的细胞分裂可能会偏离轨道。白天温度超过32℃，夜间温度超过27℃，会导致番茄形成一个额外的小室。但是番茄内部没有足够的空间容纳多余的部分，所以它长在水果的外面)”可知，本段主要介绍番茄形状奇怪的原因，因此D项“What causes the unusual appearance of tomatoes (是什么导致了番茄不寻常的外观)”符合语境，以问题的形式引出段落内容。故选D。
【39题详解】
前文“The possibility of one of your tomatoes developing a locule oddity (怪异) is about one in a thousand, McDermott said. (McDermott说，你种植的番茄中有一个发生小室怪异的可能性大约是千分之一)”说明番茄发生变异的概率，后文“But, Damiano noted, heirloom (原种) kinds seem more likely to have this genetic mutation (基因变异) than hybrids. (但是，Damiano指出，原种品种似乎比杂交品种更有可能发生这种基因变异)”从比较的角度说明原种品种的基因变异更高，因此B项“Any tomato can grow an extra locule. (任何番茄都可以长出额外的小室)”符合语境，表明番茄都有可能发生变异，承接前文，和后文的比较形成转折。故选B。
【40题详解】
根据前文“And, when harvesting your crop, remember (当你收获作物的时候，记住)”可知，此处是对全文内容进行总结，给出提醒，结合前面段落的介绍可知，形状奇怪的番茄是基因变异导致的，在没有其他疾病的情况下，它们也很适合食用，因此C项“the funny-looking tomatoes taste just as good! (看起来很滑稽的番茄味道也很好)”符合语境，起到总结的作用。故选C。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was the final part of the 2016 World Triathlon (铁人三项) Series in Mexico. With just 700 meters to go, Alistair in third place and his younger brother, Jonny, was in the ____41____. Alistair pushed himself towards the finish line in the____42____heat, but as he came round the corner, he saw his brother about to ____43____onto the track. Alistair had to choose-- brotherly love or a chance to ____44____the race
For Alistair, the choice was clear. His brother was ____45____. He had to help. Alistair ran towards Jonny, caught him and started pulling him towards the finish line. Alistair then____46____ his brother over the line. The move put Jonny in second place and Alistair himself in third. It was an____47____ end to the race, but Alistair did not want to discuss it with the media. He just wanted to see his younger brother, who had been____48____ to the medical area.
The brothers have been doing triathlons since they were children.“____49____, when your older brother is doing it, you think it’s a cool thing to do.” says Jonny. Alistair says that they____50____ each other as much as they can when they train. Despite____51____over “stupid things” now and then, Alistair agrees that having a brother is an advantage. “Throughout my entire life, I’ve had my brother trying to beat me at everything I do. It has been an hugely____52____force.”
Watched by millions, the ending to the race has ____53____ opinions: should the brothers have been disqualified (使丧失资格) or highly ____54____ for their actions But for Alistair, his decision was easy to explain:“Mum wouldn’t have been happy if I’d left Jonny behind.”At that moment, he was no longer an athlete aiming for a medal -- he was just a ____55____.
41.
A. end B. lead C. beginning D. way
42.
A. annoying B. confusing C. burning D. outgoing
43.
A. fall B. stand C. run D. jump
44.
A. lose B. quit C. serious D. win
45.
A. in danger B. in trouble C. in power D. in sight
46.
A. packed B. quit C. challenged D. pushed
47.
A. unexpected B. unknown C. unhappy D. unlucky
48.
A. advanced B. pulled C. rushed D. addicted
49.
A. Anxiously B. Obviously C. Luckily D. Excitedly
50.
A. request B. contact C. encourage D. fight
51.
A. arguments B. discussions C. injuries D. movements
52.
A. positive B. negative C. active D. confident
53.
A. advanced B. divided C. confusing D. supportive
54.
A. attracted B. commented C. praised D. organized
55.
A. player B. brother C. competitor D. teacher
【答案】41. B 42. C 43. A 44. D 45. B 46. D 47. A 48. C 49. B 50. C 51. A 52. A 53. B 54. C 55. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Alistair和弟弟一起比赛时，在快要到终点时弟弟快要摔倒了，Alistair帮助弟弟越过了终点线。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：还剩700米时，Alistair名列第三，他的弟弟乔尼领先。A. end结尾；B. lead领先地位；C. beginning开始；D. way方法。根据下文“Alistair had to choose-- brotherly love or a chance to ____4_____the race ”可知，Alistair的弟弟Jonny领先。故选B。
【42题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Alistair顶着炙热的热浪向终点线冲去，但当他转过拐角时，他看到他的弟弟快要摔倒在跑道上了。A. annoying令人生气的；B. confusing令人困惑的；C. burning炙热的；D. outgoing外向的。根据下文“heat”可知，此处表示天气很热，是顶着炙热的热浪。故选C。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Alistair顶着炙热的热浪向终点线冲去，但当他转过拐角时，他看到他的弟弟快要摔倒在跑道上了。A. fall摔倒；B. stand站立；C. run跑；D. jump跳。根据下文“onto the track”可知，此处表示他的弟弟要摔倒在跑道上了。故选A。
【44题详解】
考查动词（形容词）词义辨析。句意：Alistair必须做出选择，兄弟之爱还是赢得比赛的机会？A. lose丢失；B. quit退出；C. serious严重的；D. win赢。根据上文“he saw his brother about to ____3____onto the track”可知，他弟弟要摔倒了，他就有了赢得比赛的机会。故选D。
【45题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：他的弟弟有麻烦了。A. in danger在危险中；B. in trouble有麻烦；C. in power掌权；D. in sight在视野内。根据上文“he saw his brother about to ____3____onto the track”可知，他弟弟要摔倒了，所以是有麻烦了。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后Alistair把他弟弟推过了线。A. packed打包；B. quit退出；C. challenged挑战；D. pushed推。根据下文“his brother over the line”可知，他把他弟弟推过了终点线。故选D。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个意外的比赛结束，但Alistair不想与媒体讨论。A. unexpected意外的；B. unknown未知的；C. unhappy不高兴的；D. unlucky不幸的。根据上文“The move put Jonny in second place and Alistair himself in third.”可知，这是一个意外的结局。故选A。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他只是想看看被紧急送往医务室的弟弟。A. advanced前进；B. pulled拉；C. rushed把（某人或某物）迅速送往；D. addicted使上瘾。根据下文“to the medical area”可知，他弟弟被紧急送往了医务室。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：显然，当你哥哥这么做的时候，你会觉得这是一件很酷的事情。A. Anxiously忧虑地；B. Obviously显然；C. Luckily幸运的是；D. Excitedly兴奋地。根据下文“when your older brother is doing it, you think it’s a cool thing to do”可知，他弟弟说当自己哥哥做这样的事情时，这是很酷的，这一点很明显。故选B。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Alistair说，他们在训练时尽可能地互相鼓励。A. request要求；B. contact联系；C. encourage鼓励；D. fight与……作斗争。根据下文“when they train”可知，他们训练时应该是互相鼓励。故选C。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管时不时会有关于“愚蠢的事情”的争论，但Alistair同意有个兄弟是一种优势。A. arguments争论；B. discussions谈论；C. injuries伤；D. movements移动。根据下文“stupid things”可知，有人争论他做的事情是愚蠢的。故选A。
【52题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一股巨大的积极力量。A. positive积极的；B. negative消极的；C. active活跃的；D. confident自信的。根据上文“having a brother is an advantage”可知，有一个兄弟是优势，所以这是一种积极的力量。故选A。
【53题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在数百万人的注视下，这场比赛的结局引发了意见分歧：这对兄弟是应该被取消资格，还是应该由于他们的行为受到高度赞扬？A. advanced先进的；B. divided有分歧的；C. confusing令人困惑的；D. supportive支持的。根据下文“should the brothers have been disqualified (使丧失资格) or highly ____14____ for their actions”可知，人们关于这件事是有分歧的。故选B。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在数百万人的注视下，这场比赛的结局引发了意见分歧：这对兄弟是应该被取消资格，还是应该由于他们的行为受到高度赞扬？A. attracted吸引；B. commented评论；C. praised赞扬；D. organized组织。根据“for their actions”可知，此处询问这对兄弟是应该被取消资格，还是应该受到高度赞扬。故选C。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那一刻，他不再是一个追求奖牌的运动员——他只是一个哥哥。A. player选手；B. brother哥哥；C. competitor竞争者；D. teacher老师。根据第一段“Alistair in third place and his younger brother, Jonny”可知，他们是兄弟俩，所以此处表示“他不再是一个追求奖牌的运动员——他只是一个哥哥”。故选B。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Rising up in the countryside of Jiangxi Province, Mount Lushan was once one of the famous cultural ____56____ (center) of ancient China. In fact, its historical importance meant that it ____57____ (honor) as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1996.
Located about 20 kilometres south of Jiujiang City, it runs eastwards to the Mufu Mountains. Dahanyang Peak, the highest peak of Mount Lushan, ____58____ (rise) 1,474 metres above sea level. To the north, it offers ____59____ (impress) views of the Yangtze River, while to the south it overlooks Poyang Lake.
As early as the Eastern Han Dynasty, a well-known Taoist leader____60____ (name) Zhang Daoling travelled to the mountain. During the Jin Dynasty, the Donglin Temple was built on the mountain by a person called Huiyuan. From then on, many temples began coming up across the mountain, until there were over 300 of them.
However, Mount Lushan didn’t become truly famous until the Song Dynasty. During that time, it was rebuilt by Zhu Xi, ____61____was the founder of Neo-Confucianism(理学). Thanks ____62____his efforts, this place became one of the Four Great Academies of China. By the 19th century, it had become into an ____63____ (extreme) large place, with its own temples, study halls, and libraries. Overtime, countless writers and artists have sung the mountain’s praises, ____64____ (leave) over 900 works of art.
Nowadays, with its beautiful views and famous temples, the mountain range is _____65_____ popular tourist attraction.
【答案】56. centers
57. was honored
58. rises 59. impressive
60 named 61. who
62. to 63. extremely
64. leaving
65. a
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国著名旅游景点庐山。
【56题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：庐山坐落在江西省的农村，曾经是中国古代著名的文化中心之一。“one of +名词复数形式”是固定用法。故填centers。
【57题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：事实上，它的历史重要性意味着它在1996年被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产。动词honor和主语之间是被动关系，根据时间状语in 1996，应用一般过去时的被动语态。主谓一致，故填was honored。
【58题详解】
考查时态。句意：大汉阳峰是庐山的最高峰，海拔1474米。描述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语为第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填rises。
【59题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在北边，它提供了令人印象深刻的长江景色，而在南边，它俯瞰鄱阳湖。修饰名词views应用形容词“令人印象深刻的”impressive。故填impressive。
【60题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：早在东汉时期，著名的道教领袖张道陵就曾到过庐山。动词name和名词leader之间是被动关系，应用其过去分词作后置定语。故填named。
【61题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在此期间，朱熹重建了它，他是新儒家的创始人。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Zhu Xi，指代人，应用关系代词who引导从句，作主语。故填who。
【62题详解】
考查介词。句意：由于他的努力，这里成为中国四大书院之一。thanks to“由于”是固定搭配。故填to。
【63题详解】
考查副词。句意：到了19世纪，它已经成为一个非常大的地方，有自己的寺庙、自习室和图书馆。修饰形容词large应用副词。故填extremely。
【64题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：随着时间的推移，无数的作家和艺术家对这座山赞不绝口，留下了900多件艺术品。句中谓语动词是have sung，此处是非谓语，动词leave和逗号前面的内容之间是主动关系，故用其现在分词作状语，表示自然结果。故填leaving。
【65题详解】
考查冠词。句意：如今，因其美丽的景色和著名的寺庙，该山脉是一个受欢迎的旅游景点。名词短语popular tourist attraction是单数泛指概念，应用不定冠词限定。以辅音音素开始发音。故填a。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华。你的英国笔友Frank写信询问你在第十九届杭州亚运会上的志愿者经历。请你给他写一封回信。要点如下：
1. 介绍服务内容；
2. 分享感受；
3. 表达祝愿。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
亚运会 Asian Game
Dear Frank
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Frank,
This September, I was lucky to be a volunteer for the19th Asian Games in Hangzhou, which will be the most unforgettable experience in my life.
My job as a volunteer was to organize the audience to enter the stadium and guide them to watch the game in a civilized way. Although it was a very simple task, I was very proud of it because it played an important role in maintaining the order of the scene.
This volunteer activity made me more responsible and benefited me a lot. Not only has it improved my spoken English, but it has also enhanced my ability to deal with foreigners. I will always be grateful for this experience.
How are you doing I hope you had a good winter holiday.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求考生回复笔友Frank的信，分享自己在第十九届杭州亚运会上的志愿者经历，需介绍服务内容，分享感受，并表达祝愿。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
幸运的：lucky→fortunate
难忘的：unforgettable→memorable, impressive
提高：improve→sharpen, enhance
感激的：grateful→thankful
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Although it was a very simple task, I was very proud of it because it played an important role in maintaining the order of the scene.
拓展句：Very simple as the task was I was very proud of it because of its important role in maintaining the order of the scene.
【点睛】[高分句型1] This September, I was lucky to be a volunteer for the19th Asian Games in Hangzhou, which will be the most unforgettable experience in my life. (运用了关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Although it was a very simple task, I was very proud of it because it played an important role in maintaining the order of the scene. (运用了从属连词although引导让步状语从句、从属连词because引导原因状语从句)
第二节 (满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
There was a big fire in a forest. Animals that lived there had to find new homes.
Far away was a house where three little children lived. Their names were Thomas, Kathy and Carrie. It was lunchtime. Mom said,“Why don’t you have a picnic in the yard ”
The kids spread(展开) out the picnic blanket and put some carrot sticks and drinks on it. Then they ran back to the kitchen to fetch more food. But when they came back to the blanket, something was wrong. Where were the carrot sticks They were all gone! “This must be a trick,” said Kathy. “Let’s leave the celery(芹菜) sticks here and see what will happen.”They told Mom that someone had stolen the carrot sticks. Mom hurried out with them to the picnic blanket. But now, not only were the carrot sticks missing, but the celery sticks were gone, too!
Mom said,“Well, your drinks are still out here. Get your sandwiches. You guys go ahead and eat them out here and maybe something will turn up.” They were just about to finish eating when Carrie looked over at the bushes(灌木丛) and saw something move. She softly said,“Shush! See the bushes moving ” A little animal came to the edge(边缘) of the bushes and looked at them. It was a rabbit. Quietly it went back into the bushes.
Thomas said,“Let’s get more celery and carrots, and see if that rabbit is our thief. We can put them at the edge of the bushes and watch from the window.” They carefully put celery and carrots down near the bushes and walked back to the house. As they watched, the little rabbit came out and carried the vegetables away into the bushes.
Mom thought that maybe because of the forest fire, the rabbit needed a new home. “Maybe we can keep feeding this rabbit, and she will stay here for a long time.”said Mom.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
That is just what they did.
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Finally, spring came.
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【答案】That is just what they did. The three kids fed the little rabbit on fresh vegetables every day. As time went by, the weather turned cold gradually. Finally, winter came, and they didn’t see the rabbit any more. They often took food out to the edge of the bushes. Sometimes the food would disappear, but at other times it just stayed there. All winter they were worried about the rabbit—was she cold, was she scared and did she move anywhere else
Finally, spring came. The children watch for the rabbit day after day. Then one day in early April, Thomas, Kathy and Carrie took the food out the bushes as usual. As they watched, the rabbit came out and grabbed it! Whatever she had done during the winter, she was OK now! The kids were pleased to see the rabbit was safe and sound. What they did not expect was that there were four baby rabbits following her! Their rabbit was a mommy rabbit! The kids couldn’t wait to tell Mom the wonderful news.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述的是一场森林大火让小动物无家可归，托马斯、凯西和凯莉在院子里野餐时发现了偷吃的小兔子，妈妈鼓励他们继续喂养它，并持续了一个冬天，直到来年春天再次看到他们喂养的小兔子。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“这正是他们所做的。”可知，第一段可描写托马斯、凯西和凯莉在冬天一直投喂小兔子，很是担心小兔子的安全。
②由第二段首句内容“终于，春天来了。”可知，第二段可描写小兔子熬过了冬天，安然无恙，孩子们很欣慰。
2.续写线索：冬天继续投喂——守望兔子——春天到来——兔子很安全还有惊喜——孩子们感到欣慰
3.词汇激活
行为类
①时间逝去：went by / passed by
②出来：came out / showed up
情绪类
①害怕的：scared / frightened
②高兴的：pleased / delighted
【点睛】
[高分句型1] As time went by, the weather turned cold gradually. (使用了as引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] What they did not expect was that there were four baby rabbits following her!(由what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句)
